内容正文:
专题12 介词&数词&连词
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 3
03 考点通关·靶向突破 4
★ 考点一 介词的种类及用法 4
★ 考点二 数词的种类及用法 9
★ 考点三 连词的种类及用法 15
04 优题精选·练能提分 21
考点
课标要求
复习目标
介词的种类及用法
掌握常用介词(in/on/at/with/by/for/from/to/of等)的基本用法及固定搭配; 能正确运用介词表示时间、地点、方式、原因、对象等逻辑关系; 区分易混介词(如in/on/at表时间/地点的差异、between/among的用法)。
1. 能准确辨析常用介词的用法及易混点,熟练掌握核心固定搭配;2. 能在单项选择、完形填空、语法填空等题型中精准运用介词;3. 能在书面表达中规范使用介词,避免语法错误。
数词的种类及用法
掌握基数词、序数词的构成规则及基本用法; 能正确运用数词表示数量、顺序、年龄、日期、分数、倍数等; 了解数词在固定搭配中的常见用法(如hundred/thousand/million的用法)。
1. 熟练掌握基数词、序数词的构成及转换,牢记特殊变化形式;2. 能准确运用数词表达不同语义,区分分数、倍数的正确表达;3. 应对数词在各类题型中的考查,做到快速解题、正确率达标。
连词的种类及用法
掌握并列连词(and/but/or/so/while等)、从属连词(that/if/whether/because/since/when等)的用法; 能正确运用连词连接句子,体现句子间的逻辑关系(并列、转折、因果、条件、让步等); 区分易混连词(如because/since/as/for的差异、if/whether的用法)。
1. 能清晰区分不同类型连词的功能及逻辑关系,辨析易混连词;2. 能在句型转换、完形填空、阅读理解中把握连词的作用,辅助解题;3. 书面表达中能合理运用连词,使行文连贯、逻辑清晰。
命题预测
题型稳定:以单项选择、语法填空为主要考查题型,完形填空、书面表达中穿插考查,侧重应用能力;
趋势侧重:结合生活化、情境化语境考查核心用法,减少单纯语法识记题,强调在语篇中理解和运用;
热点方向:介词聚焦固定搭配与语境辨析,数词侧重分数、倍数及日期表达,连词聚焦句子逻辑关系判断,贴合核心素养中“语言运用”目标。
解题锦囊
锦囊1:介词解题——先判断语义场景(时间/地点/方式),再匹配固定搭配,无固定搭配时结合语境逻辑排除;
锦囊2:数词解题——牢记序数词特殊变化及分数、倍数公式,日期表达需注意介词搭配(in/on);
锦囊3:连词解题——先分析句子间逻辑关系(并列/转折/因果等),再锁定对应连词,排除易混干扰项;
锦囊4:语境优先——遇到不确定选项时,结合上下文语境推导,避免孤立记忆语法规则;
锦囊5:错题归类——将错题按“固定搭配失误/逻辑判断错误/易混点混淆”分类,针对性强化记忆。
考点一 介词的种类及用法
介词是英语中连接名词、代词或相当于名词的短语与句子其他成分的词,无法单独作句子成分,需与名词性成分构成介词短语,在句中作状语、定语、表语等。以下按语义功能分类,结合中考高频用法及易错点展开说明:
分类
常用介词
核心用法
例句
时间介词
in
接年、月、季节、上午/下午/晚上(泛指);也可接一段时间,表“在……之后”(用于一般将来时)。中考常考与on/at的辨析及“in+时间段”的时态搭配。
She was born in 2010.(她出生于2010年。)/ He will come back in three days.(他三天后回来。)
on
接具体日期、星期、节日、具体上午/下午/晚上(有形容词、介词短语等修饰)。中考高频考点:带修饰词的上午/下午/晚上前用on,如on a rainy morning。
We have a party on Christmas Eve.(我们在圣诞夜有派对。)/ They left on a cold winter afternoon.(他们在一个寒冷的冬日午后离开。)
at
接具体时刻(几点几分)、固定搭配(at dawn/noon/night/weekends等);也可接节日,表“在节日当天”。中考常考固定搭配辨析。
He gets up at 6:30 every morning.(他每天早上6:30起床。)/ They usually have a big meal at Spring Festival.(他们通常在春节当天吃大餐。)
地点介词
in
接大地点(城市、国家、洲等)、封闭空间内部、范围之内;也可接街道(美式英语)。中考常与on/at辨析地点范围大小。
She lives in Beijing.(她住在北京。)/ The book is in the desk drawer.(书在书桌抽屉里。)
on
接平面、物体表面、街道(英式英语)、交通工具(强调“在……上面”且有接触面);也可接岛屿。中考高频:街道前介词的英美差异。
The book is on the desk.(书在桌子上。)/ He lives on Park Street.(他住在帕克街。)(英式)
at
接小地点(车站、机场、商店、具体场所的某个点)、门牌号前。中考常考“小地点用at”的精准判断,如at the bus stop。
We met at the airport.(我们在机场见面了。)/ She works at No. 10 Renmin Road.(她在人民路10号工作。)
方式介词
by/with/in
by+交通工具(无冠词)/手段/方式;with+具体工具/身体部位;in+语言/材料/方式(如in a hurry)。中考核心辨析点:by与with的工具/手段差异。
He goes to school by bike.(他骑自行车上学。)/ She writes with a pen.(她用钢笔写字。)/ He speaks in English.(他用英语说话。)
其他介词
for/from/to/of
for表目的/持续时间/对象;from...to...表时间/地点范围;of表所属/性质/数量。中考高频:for+时间段与现在完成时搭配,from...to...的固定用法。
I have studied English for 5 years.(我学英语5年了。)/ The shop is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m.(这家店从上午9点营业到晚上9点。)
【易混易错辨析】(中考重点)
1. between vs among:between 通常用于两者之间,可接复数名词(强调两两之间),也可用于“between A, B and C”(明确多个对象中的两两关系);among 用于三者及以上的“在……之中”,侧重整体范围内的分布或融入,不强调个体间关系。中考常考语境中的范围判断,尤其注意between的特殊用法。例:She divided the cake between her two children.(两者,两两分配)/ He walked among the crowd.(三者及以上,融入人群中)/ The agreement was signed between three countries.(三者,强调两两之间的协议)
2. in vs into:in 表示“在……内部”,侧重静态状态,常与be动词、stay、live等静态动词搭配;into 表示“进入……内部”,侧重动态动作,常与walk、run、put等动态动词搭配,强调从外部到内部的变化过程。中考高频考点:根据动词的静态/动态属性选择介词。例:The bird is in the cage.(状态,鸟在笼子里)/ She walked into the room.(动作,从门外走进房间)/ He put the book into the bag.(动作,将书放入包里)
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏镇江·月考)________ 4 December 2024, the “Spring Festival” was listed on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
A.In B.At C.On D.From
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在2024年12月4日,春节被列入联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录。
考查介词辨析。In在……内,用于年、月、季节等;At在,用于具体时刻;On在,用于具体日期或某一天;From从……,表示起始时间。根据“4 December 2024”是一个具体的日期,需用介词“On”。故选C。
2.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)Yesterday, we learned a new lesson and now the students are all busy ________.
A.going on it B.going it on C.going over it D.going it over
【答案】C
【解析】句意:昨天我们学了一节新课,现在学生们都忙于复习它。
考查动词短语辨析。go on继续,发生;go over复习。go on为不及物动词,选项A和B均为错误表达。根据“we learned a new lesson”可知,学生们在复习新课,且当宾语为代词时,因over在此为介词,代词宾语需置于其后。故选C。
3.(25-26九年级上·江苏淮安·期中)The first Jiangsu Football City League, known as “Su Chao”, ended ________ November 1st in Nanjing.
A.at B.in C.on D.of
【答案】C
【解析】句意:首届江苏足球城市联赛,简称“苏超”,于11月1日在南京结束。
考查时间介词辨析。at在,接具体时间点;in在月份、年份等较宽泛时间之前;on在具体某天;of……的,表示所属关系。根据“November 1st”可知,是一个具体的日期,应用“on”表示在某天。故选C。
4.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考)The weekly round-up, ________ what is going on in our city, will be covered ________.
A.include; alive B.include; live
C.including; live D.including; lively
【答案】C
【解析】句意:每周综述,包括我们城市里发生的事情,将被现场报道。
考查词义辨析。include包括,是动词;including包括,是介词;alive活着的;live现场直播地;lively活泼的。根据“The weekly round-up, ... will be covered”可知,句子已有谓语动词will be covered,因此空一处用介词including;空二处修饰动词covered,用副词live,表示被现场报道。故选C。
5.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)We can also learn a lot about the city’s history ________ works of art.
A.with B.across C.through D.past
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们也可以通过艺术作品了解很多关于这座城市的历史。
考查介词辨析。with和,用;across穿过(指从物体表面穿过);through通过;past经过,路过。此处表示通过艺术作品这一媒介来学习历史,因此用through。故选C。
6.(25-26九年级上·江苏淮安·期中)—When is your school art festival?
—It’s _________ Friday afternoon. Would you like to come?
A.in B.at C.on D.from
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你们学校的艺术节是什么时候?——在星期五下午。你想来吗?
考查介词辨析。in其后加早中晚/季节/月份/年份等;at其后加时间点;on其后加星期或具体的时间;from从……。根据“Friday afternoon”可知,此处是具体某一天的下午,所以用on。故选C。
7.(25-26九年级上·江苏连云港·期中)Yang Zhenning’s life was a legend, showing how one person can shape the future ________ knowledge and hard work.
A.against B.over C.through D.without
【答案】C
【解析】句意:杨振宁的生活是一个传奇,展示了一个人如何通过知识和努力工作来塑造未来。
考查介词辨析。against反对;over在……上方;through通过;without没有。根据“shape the future ... knowledge and hard work”可知,通过知识和努力来塑造未来。故选C。
8.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考)—Do you prefer coffee ________ milk in it?
—Sometimes, but most of the time I ________ drink black coffee.
A.with, would rather B.with, prefer
C.or, would rather D.to, prefer
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你更喜欢加牛奶的咖啡吗?——有时。但大多数时候,我宁愿喝黑咖啡。
考查介词用法和动词短语。or或者,连词;with带有;would rather宁愿,后常跟动词原形;prefer更喜欢,后常跟to do或doing;to朝。根据“coffee … milk in it”可知,此处是指加牛奶的咖啡,应用介词with表示“添加”或“带有”的意思,排除C和D;根据空后动词原形“drink”可知,这里考查would rather do sth“宁愿做某事”,固定搭配,排除B。故选A。
9.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)All my classmates ________ me watched the military parade on TV. That made me feel blue.
A.besides B.but C.or D.around
【答案】B
【解析】句意:除了我以外,我所有的同学都在电视上观看了阅兵。这让我感到沮丧。
考查介词和连词辨析。besides除了……之外(还有),表示累加关系;but除了……之外,表示排除关系;or或;around在……周围。根据“That made me feel blue.”可推知,除了“我”之外的所有同学都看了阅兵,明确表达“我”被排除在外,表示排除关系。故选B。
10.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)________ 2016, the AI programme Alphago beat a human at the ancient game of Go.
A.To B.At C.On D.In
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在2016年,人工智能程序Alphago在古老的围棋比赛中击败了一个人。
考查介词辨析。to到;at在某时刻;on在某一天;in在某年某月某季节。空后是具体年份,用介词In。故选D。
考点二 数词的种类及用法
数词是表示数量、顺序、时间、日期等概念的词,包括基数词和序数词等,在中考中均为高频考点,尤其侧重构成规则的特殊变化及语境运用,需精准掌握拼写及转换规律。
一、基数词与序数词
1. 基数词:核心功能是表示具体数量,范围从1延伸至无穷大,是构成序数词、分数、倍数等表达的基础。构成规则需分阶段记忆,重点关注特殊拼写及组合方式:
1-12为完全特殊拼写,无固定规律,必须逐一牢记:one(1)、two(2)、three(3)、four(4)、five(5)、six(6)、seven(7)、eight(8)、nine(9)、ten(10)、eleven(11)、twelve(12),这部分是中考拼写题的基础考点,常结合年龄、数量表达考查。
13-19整体由“基数词词干+teen”构成,但有4个特殊变化,需注意拼写差异:thirteen(13,词干thir-)、fifteen(15,词干fif-,去ve加teen)、eighteen(18,词干eight-,去t加teen),其余如fourteen(14)、sixteen(16)等均为规则变化,中考易在此处设置拼写陷阱。
20-90的整十数由“基数词词干+ty”构成,同样存在4个特殊变化,需重点区分:twenty(20)、thirty(30)、fifty(50,词干fif-,去ve加ty)、eighty(80,词干eight-,去t加ty),其余如forty(40)、sixty(60)等为规则变化,注意避免将thirty误写为“thrity”、fifty误写为“fivty”。
21-99的非整十数为“整十数+连字符+个位基数词”的组合结构,中间连字符不可省略,且个位基数词需用原形,例:twenty-one(21)、seventy-five(75)、ninety-nine(99);若表示“几百几十几”,则为“百位基数词+and+整十数+连字符+个位基数词”(英式英语),美式英语中and可省略,如two hundred and thirty-six(236),这一结构在中考书面表达及语法填空中高频出现。
2. 序数词:核心功能是表示顺序,意为“第几”,常与定冠词、物主代词搭配使用,构成规则需以基数词为基础,分情况记忆,特殊变化是中考核心考查点:
第1-第3为完全特殊变化,无固定后缀,需单独记忆:first(1st,缩写为1st)、second(2nd,缩写为2nd)、third(3rd,缩写为3rd),缩写形式常出现在日期表达中,中考选择题、填空题均有涉及。
第4-第19由“对应基数词+th”构成,存在4个特殊变化,需注意词形调整:fifth(5th,基数词five去ve加th)、eighth(8th,基数词eight去t加th)、ninth(9th,基数词nine去e加th)、twelfth(12th,基数词twelve变ve为f加th),其余如fourth(4th)、sixth(6th)等为规则变化,拼写错误是常见丢分点。
第20及以上整十数变序数词,需先将基数词词尾的y变为i,再加-eth,例:twentieth(20th)、fortieth(40th)、fiftieth(50th)、eightieth(80th),注意避免直接在y后加th的错误用法。
第21及以上非整十数变序数词,仅需将个位部分变为序数词,十位及以上部分保持基数词原形,中间无需连字符,例:twenty-first(21st)、thirty-third(33rd)、ninety-ninth(99th),此类表达在日期、排名场景中高频考查。
二、核心用法
数词的核心用法需结合具体语境,涵盖数量、分数、倍数、日期等场景,中考侧重用法规则的灵活运用及易错点辨析,以下结合高频考点展开说明:
用法
表达规则)
例句
分数表达
分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子大于1时,分母序数词需加-s;分子为1时,分母用单数形式;若分数修饰名词,需在分数后加of,名词前需加定冠词the(特指)或形容词性物主代词;带分数的表达为“整数部分+and+分数部分”,例:one and a half hours(一个半小时)。中考易错点:分子大于1时分母漏加-s,带分数中间漏加and。
One third of the students are girls.(三分之一的学生是女生。)/ Two fifths of the land is covered with grass.(五分之二的土地被草地覆盖。)
倍数表达
核心结构有两种:①倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as(表示“是……的几倍”);②倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than(表示“比……多几倍”);注意倍数表达中常用twice(两倍),不用two times,三倍及以上用“基数词+times”。中考易错点:混淆两种结构的词性搭配,误将比较级与as连用。
This room is twice as big as that one.(这个房间是那个的两倍大。)/ The river is three times longer than before.(这条河比以前长三倍。)
日期表达
两种常用结构:①美式表达:月+日(序数词),年(June 1st, 2025);②英式表达:日(序数词)+of+月,年(the first of June, 2025);注意日期中序数词可缩写(1st、2nd、3rd、4th及以后加th),但读的时候需读完整形式。中考易错点:日期中序数词前漏加the(英式表达),缩写形式错误。
June 1st, 2025 / the first of June, 2025(2025年6月1日)/ Her birthday is on October 5th.(她的生日在10月5日。)
hundred/thousand/million
前有具体数字(one、two、three等)时,用原形,且不与of连用;表不确定数量时,需加-s+of,构成“hundreds/thousands/millions of”结构,后接可数名词复数;若数字前有several、many等词,也需用“复数形式+of”。中考易错点:具体数字后加-s,或表不确定数量时漏加of。
two hundred students(两百名学生)/ thousands of people(成千上万的人)/ several million trees(几百万棵树)
【特别提示】(中考高频易错点)
序数词前通常加定冠词the,表特指“第几”,例:The third lesson is about history.(第三节课是关于历史的。);但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her等)、名词所有格(Tom’s、Lucy’s等)或this、that等限定词时,不加the,直接修饰名词,这是中考单项选择、语法填空的高频考点,需重点区分。例:This is my first trip to Shanghai.(这是我第一次去上海。)/ Tom’s second book was published last year.(汤姆的第二本书去年出版了。)
序数词常与不定冠词a/an连用,表示“又一、再一”(不表顺序),例:I want a second cup of coffee.(我想再要一杯咖啡。)
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考)Although my grandfather is ________, he is full of energy.
A.of his seventy B.in the seventieth C.in his seventies D.at the seventy
【答案】C
【解析】句意:虽然我爷爷七十多岁了,但他精力充沛。
考查年龄段表达。of his seventy他的七十岁;in the seventieth在第七十;in his seventies在七十多岁;at the seventy表述错误。“in one’s + 基数词复数”表示年龄,意为“在某人几十多岁时”。故选C。
2.(25-26九年级上·江苏泰州·月考)Class Three did a survey on the ways to relax. The pie chart tells us that ________.
A.15% of the students prefer to exercise
B.reading books is the most popular way to relax
C.students who like watching TV take up 10%
D.most students choose other ways to get relaxed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:三班做了一项关于放松方式的调查。这个饼图告诉我们读书是最受欢迎的放松方式。
考查图表信息理解。15% of the students prefer to exercise 15%的学生更喜欢锻炼;reading books is the most popular way to relax读书是最受欢迎的放松方式;students who like watching TV take up 10%喜欢看电视的学生占 10%;most students choose other ways to get relaxed大多数学生选择其他放松方式。根据饼图数据,锻炼占30%、看电视占15%、其他占10%,读书占比为100%-30%-15%-10%=45%,是占比最高的,所以读书是最受欢迎的放松方式符合语境。故选B。
3.(23-24九年级上·江苏徐州·月考)The couple got married in ________ and they have been married for over 60 years.
A.the 1960s B.1960s C.the 1960 D.the 1960s’
【答案】A
【解析】句意:这对夫妇在20世纪60年代结婚,他们已经结婚60多年了。
考查年代的表达法。表示“在……世纪……年代”,其结构为“in the+年份s”;在本题中,“在20世纪60年代”正确的表达方式是“in the 1960s”,其他选项都是错误表达,故选A。
4.(24-25九年级上·江苏南京·月考)The young man who is ________ can’t even imagine what happened ________ of the last century.
A.in the 20s; in the 1980s B.in his 20s; in 1980s
C.in his 20s; in the 1980s D.in the 20s; in 1980s
【答案】C
【解析】句意:那个二十多岁的年轻人甚至无法想象上世纪80年代发生了什么。
考查数词用法。“in one’s+整十的复数”表示“在某人几十岁时”,第一空用“in his 20s”;“in the+年份复数”表示“在……世纪……年代”,第二空用“in the 1980s”。故选C。
5.(2025·江苏南京·三模)Here is a pie chart about the difficulties the 2,000 students meet when they learn English. According to the chart, ________ students think they don’t have enough time for learning English.
A.one hundred B.three hundred C.seven hundred D.nine hundred
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这是一个关于 2000 名学生学习英语时遇到的困难的饼图。根据图表,700名学生认为他们没有足够的时间学习英语。
考查数词计算。one hundred一百;three hundred三百;seven hundred七百;nine hundred九百。根据饼图可知,“No enough time 35%”对应的比例为 35%,计算可得2000×35%=700。故选 C。
6.(2025·江苏泰州·二模)—About ________ of the workers in the factory were born in the ________.
—We all really admire them because all of them ________ the factory for more than 20 years.
A.two-thirds; 1970s; have been in B.two-thirds; 1970; has joined
C.two-third; 1970; has been at D.two-third; 1970s; have been a member of
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——这家工厂大约三分之二的工人是20世纪70年代出生的。——我们都很钦佩他们,因为他们都在工厂里干了20多年。
考查分数、年代的表达以及现在完成时。根据“About…of the workers in the factory”可知,此处表示这家工厂的三分之二的工人,英语中分数的表达规则为:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,如果分子大于1,分母需变为复数形式,故第一空应填two-thirds;根据“in the…”可知,第二空为年代,结构为“in the+年份复数”,故第二空应填1970s;根据“for more than 20 years”可知,此处应用现在完成时,in the factory“在工厂里”,故第三空应填have been in。故选A。
7.(23-24九年级下·江苏常州·期末)The environment here is better now because ________ of the land ________ covered with plants.
A.three fourth; is B.three fourths; is C.three fourths; are D.three fourth; are
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这里的环境现在更好了,因为四分之三的土地都被植物覆盖了。
考查分数表达和主谓一致。分数的表达方式为“基数词+序数词”,基数词是分子,序数词是分母,分子大于1时,分母用复数,故 “四分之三” 表达为three fourths;“分数 + of + 名词” 作主语时,谓语动词与名词一致,land为不可数名词,谓语用单数is。故选B。
8.(25-26九年级上·江苏南通·月考)The USA has ________ population in the world. There are 311 ________ people living there.
A.the third large; millions of B.the third large; million
C.the third largest; millions of D.the third largest; million
【答案】D
【解析】句意:美国拥有世界第三大人口,有3.11亿人居住在那里。
考查形容词最高级及数词用法。根据“The USA has...population in the world.”及选项可知,第一空表示第三大,需用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”结构,因此用the third largest;根据“311”可知,此处表示具体的数量,第二空用million的单数形式,且不与of连用。故选D。
9.(24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)I’m surprised that Jim is only 25. I thought he was ________ for he seems to be in his ________.
A.younger; forties B.younger; fortieths C.older; forties D.older; fortieths
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我很惊讶吉姆只有25岁。我以为他年纪更大,因为他看起来像是四十多岁。
考查形容词和年龄表达。younger更年轻的;older更年长的。根据“I’m surprised that Jim is only 25”和“he seems to be in his…”可知,说话者以为吉姆比实际年龄更大,故排除A和B;根据“in his...”可知,此处是“in one’s + 基数词复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”,forty“四十”,其复数为forties。故选C。
10.(2024·江苏南京·模拟预测)I am sorry to hear that ________ people lost their homes in Japan’s earthquake.
A.two thousands B.thousand C.thousands of D.thousand of
【答案】C
【解析】句意:听说成千上万的人在日本地震中失去了家园,我感到很难过。
考查大数的表达。thousand“千”,可以用“基数词+thousand”表示确指,也可用thousands of表示“成千上万”。故选C。
考点三 连词的种类及用法
连词是用来连接词、短语、句子或从句的词,本身无实义,主要作用是体现句子间的逻辑关系,使行文连贯。按功能可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类,二者均为中考高频考点,侧重在语境中判断逻辑关系及易混连词辨析。
1. 并列连词:连接语法地位平等的词、短语或句子(即并列结构),无需引导从句,核心体现并列、转折、因果、选择、对比等逻辑关系。中考除考查基础连词and/but/or/so外,还常涉及while/for等拓展连词的用法。
连词
逻辑关系
例句
and
并列、顺承;连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数;也可用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,表条件。
I like coffee and she likes tea.(我喜欢咖啡,她喜欢茶。)/ Work hard, and you will make progress.(努力学习,你就会进步。)
but
转折;连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”;注意与though/although不可连用。
He is young but he is very experienced.(他很年轻,但经验丰富。)/ Not he but his parents are coming.(不是他,而是他父母要来。)
or
选择、否定条件;连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”;可用于“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,表警告。
Would you like tea or coffee?(你想喝茶还是咖啡?)/ Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.(快点,否则你会错过公交车。)
so
因果(表结果,由前文原因推导得出);不可与because同时使用,二者选其一。
It rained heavily, so we stayed at home.(雨下得很大,所以我们待在了家里。)/ He got up late, so he was late for school.(他起床晚了,所以上学迟到了。)
while
对比(强调两者同时发生)、时间(与延续性动词连用);中考高频对比用法。
She likes singing while her sister likes dancing.(她喜欢唱歌,而她妹妹喜欢跳舞。)/ I was cooking while he was watching TV.(我做饭的时候,他在看电视。)
for
因果(表补充说明的原因,语气较弱,不可置于句首);中考偶考与because的差异。
He didn’t go out, for it was raining.(他没出去,因为在下雨。)/ She was sad, for she lost her favorite book.(她很伤心,因为丢了最喜欢的书。)
2. 从属连词:连接主句和从句(从句依附于主句,不能独立成句),可引导宾语从句、状语从句(时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等),中考侧重引导不同从句的用法差异及语境适配。
连词
引导从句类型
例句
that
宾语从句(无词义,可省略);引导定语从句时需在从句中作成分;中考常考宾语从句中that的省略情况。
I know (that) he is a student.(我知道他是一名学生。)/ She said (that) she would come tomorrow.(她说她明天会来。)
because
原因状语从句(表直接、明确的原因,语气最强);可置于句首或句末,置于句首时需加逗号。
I didn’t go to school because I was ill.(我没去上学,因为我生病了。)/ Because he is busy, he can’t help us.(因为他很忙,所以不能帮我们。)
when
时间状语从句(当……时,可与延续性/非延续性动词连用);中考常与while/as辨析。
I was reading when he came in.(他进来时,我正在看书。)/ When I was young, I liked swimming.(我小时候喜欢游泳。)
if
条件状语从句(如果,表假设);宾语从句(是否);引导条件状语从句时遵循“主将从现”原则。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking.(如果明天天气好,我们就去徒步。)/ I don’t know if she will come.(我不知道她是否会来。)
since
原因状语从句(既然,表显而易见的原因);时间状语从句(自从,与现在完成时连用)。
Since you are tired, you can go to bed early.(既然你累了,就早点睡吧。)/ I have known her since 2020.(我从2020年就认识她了。)
though/although
让步状语从句(虽然,尽管);不可与but连用,但可与yet/still连用。
Though he is short, he plays basketball well.(虽然他个子矮,但篮球打得好。)/ Although it was cold, we went out.(尽管天冷,我们还是出去了。)
【易混易错辨析】(中考核心)
1. because vs so vs for:三者均表因果,但用法差异明显,是中考单项选择、完形填空的高频易错点。① because 表直接原因,语气最强,可置于句首/句末,不可与so连用;② so 表结果,由前文原因推导而来,只能置于句中连接结果,不可与because连用;③ for 表补充说明的原因,语气最弱,只能置于句中,且前面需加逗号,不可置于句首。例:Because he worked hard, he passed the exam.(√)/ He worked hard, so he passed the exam.(√)/ Because he worked hard, so he passed the exam.(×)/ He didn’t attend the meeting, for he was ill.(√)/ For he was ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.(×)
2. if vs whether:二者引导宾语从句表“是否”时,多数情况下可互换,但存在3种不可互换的场景,是中考语法填空、句型转换的核心考点。① 引导介词后的宾语从句时,只能用whether,不能用if;② 与or not连用(无论是否连用)时,只能用whether,不能用if;③ 作不定式to do的宾语时,只能用whether,不能用if。例:I don’t know whether/if he will come.(√)/ I wonder whether he will come or not.(√)/ I wonder if he will come or not.(×)/ It depends on whether we have enough time.(√)/ He hasn’t decided whether to go.(√)
3. when vs while vs as:三者均表“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,用法差异集中在动词类型和语境侧重。① when 可与延续性/非延续性动词连用,侧重“某一时刻或时间段内发生的动作”,主从句动作可同时发生或先后发生;② while 只能与延续性动词连用,侧重“主从句动作同时进行”,还可表对比;③ as 侧重“一边……一边……”,主从句动作伴随发生,语气比when/while更强调同步性。例:When he arrived, we were having dinner.(他到的时候,我们正在吃饭。)/ While we were talking, he came in.(我们聊天的时候,他进来了。)/ She sang as she walked.(她边走边唱。)
4. though/although vs but:二者均表转折,但不可同时使用,只能选其一,若需强调语气,可在句中加yet/still。例:Though he is old, he is energetic.(√)/ He is old, but he is energetic.(√)/ Though he is old, but he is energetic.(×)/ Although it rained, we still went hiking.(√)
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)You can’t have them both. You can choose ________ the bike ________ the toy car.
A.neither; nor B.both; and C.not only; but also D.either; or
【答案】D
【解析】句意:你不能同时拥有它们两个。你可以要么选择自行车,要么选择玩具汽车。
考查连词辨析。neither…nor…既不……也不……;both…and…两者都……;not only…but also…不仅……而且……;either…or…要么……要么……。根据“You can’t have them both”可知,不能同时拥有两者,因此只能选择一个,而“either...or...”表示“二者选其一”的逻辑关系。故选D。
2.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)—Here’s the money you lent me.
—_________ that’s not right. It’s only ¥20 instead of ¥50.
A.But B.Or C.And D.So
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——这是你借给我的钱。——但是那不对。只有20元而不是50元。
考查并列连词辨析。But但是;Or或者;And和;So所以。根据“Here’s the money you lent me.”可知,要归还所借的钱;根据“It’s only ¥20 instead of ¥50.”可知,钱数不对;前后语义是转折关系,所以使用转折连词but。故选A。
3.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)—Nanjing Forest Music Festival is worth attending and very popular among young people.
—That’s ________ it mixes traditional Chinese music and modern Western music.
A.why B.since C.where D.because
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——南京森林音乐节值得参加,它在年轻人中很受欢迎。——那是因为它融合了中国传统音乐和现代西方音乐。
考查连词辨析。why为什么;since自从;where哪里;because因为。根据“Nanjing Forest Music Festival is worth attending and very popular among young people.”和“...it mixes traditional Chinese music and modern Western music”可知,第一句说明音乐节受欢迎,第二句是解释原因,需填入表示直接原因的连词。故选D。
4.(25-26九年级上·江苏镇江·期中)—Li Yan is worried about her father who has joined an international medical team in Africa.
—What a hero! I wonder ________.
A.how long has he been in Africa B.that he has been to Africa before
C.when he will go to Africa D.how soon he’ll return from Africa
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——李燕担心她父亲,他加入了非洲的一个国际医疗队。——真是个英雄!我想知道他多久能从非洲回来。
考查宾语从句。空处为宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,A项可排除;选项B“that he has been to Africa before”中“I wonder that”结构不自然,且“has been to”表示“去过(已返回)”,与父亲已在非洲的语境矛盾;选项C“when he will go to Africa”与“has joined an international medical team in Africa”矛盾;D项“how soon he’ll return from Africa”是陈述句语序,且语义“他多久能从非洲回来”契合李燕担心爸爸的语境。故选D。
5.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考)We don’t know if instant noodles (方便面) will disappear one day, _________ they have surely left a mark on dining history.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我们不知道方便面是否有一天会消失,但它们确实在餐饮历史上留下了印记。
考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;or或者,否则;so因此。根据“We don’t know if instant noodles (方便面) will disappear one day, ... they have surely left a mark on dining history.”可知,句子前半部分“We don’t know if instant noodles will disappear one day”(我们不知道方便面是否会有一天消失)表达了一种不确定性;句子后半部分“they have surely left a mark on dining history”(它们确实在餐饮史上留下了印记)表达了一种肯定的事实,两个部分之间存在转折关系,应该用but连接。故选B。
6.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)Go downstairs, ________ stand in line on the playground as soon as possible.
A.and B.but C.so D.or
【答案】A
【解析】句意:下楼,然后尽快在操场上排队站好。
考查连词辨析。and表示“和,然后”,用于连接并列或顺承的动作; but表示“但是”,用于转折关系,句中没有转折意思;so表示“所以”,用于因果关系;or表示“或者”,用于选择或警告关系。故选A。
7.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)The dress is really beautiful, ________ it is too small for me.
A.or B.but C.so D.and
【答案】B
【解析】句意:这条裙子真的很漂亮,但是对我来说太小了。
考查连词辨析。or或者,表选择;but但是,表转折;so因此,表因果;and和,表并列。根据“The dress is really beautiful”和“it is too small for me”可知,裙子漂亮和太小之间存在转折关系,所以应该用but。故选B。
8.(25-26九年级上·江苏徐州·月考)—It seems that my son often refuses to communicate with me.
—Try to put yourself in his shoes ________ he won’t be willing to open his heart to you.
A.till B.or C.and D.but
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我的儿子似乎经常拒绝和我沟通。——试着换位思考,否则他不会愿意向你敞开心扉。
考查连词辨析。till直到……为止;or否则;不然;and和;并且;but但是。根据“Try to put yourself in his shoes”和“he won’t be willing to open his heart to you.”可知,试着换位思考,否则他不会敞开心扉。故选B。
9.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)It takes much effort and time to care for dogs, ________ to me the rewards are worth it.
A.so B.or C.but D.for
【答案】C
【解析】句意:照顾狗需要花费很多精力和时间,但对我而言,这些付出是值得的。
考查连词辨析。so所以,表因果;or或者,表选择;but但是,表转折;for因为,表原因。根据“It takes much effort and time”和“the rewards are worth it”可知,前半句提到照顾狗需要花费很多精力和时间,后半句表示这些付出是值得的,前后为转折关系,所以应该用but。故选C。
10.(2025·江苏泰州·二模)The 8-year-old child can speak English very well ________ her parents can’t.
A.if B.since C.so D.while
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这个8岁的孩子英语说得很好,而她的父母却不能。
考查连词辨析。if如果;since自从;so所以;while然而。根据“The 8-year-old child can speak English very well…her parents can’t.”可知,此处表示对比,应用while。故选D。
一、单项选择
1.There was nothing left ________ the destroyed buildings after the war.
A.besides B.except C.beside D.except for
2.The weather was nice ________ a little wind.
A.except B.except for C.besides D.beside
3.—Did you study any other foreign language ________ English when you were at college?
—Yes, I also studied French. But I have forgotten all ________a few words.
A.besides; besides B.besides; except C.but; except D.among; except
4.Many people come to the English corner, ________ some English speakers from the U.K. and the U.S.
A.includes B.included C.including D.include
5.There is a football _________ the window.
A.below B.under C.down D.bottom
6.I stood ________ the river to watch the fish swimming in the river.
A.besides B.except C.except for D.beside
7.He was ______ to see a snake in the bushes and looked at it with his mouth ______.
A.surprising, wide open B.surprised, wide open
C.surprising, widely opened D.surprised, widely opened
8.—Is the wine made________ grapes?
—Yes, and it's made________ France.
A.of; in B.from; in C.from; by D.of; as
9.Shanghai lies ________ the east of China.
A.to B.in C.on D.at
10.He got many gifts ________ his birthday ________ his friends.
A.on; from B.in; of C.at; to D.from; for
11.The joy of using VR technology to travel around our hometown Yangzhou is really ________ words.
A.through B.across C.against D.beyond
12.My family will go out for dinner _______ my mother’s birthday.
A.in B.on C.at D.by
13.The library is ________ the school and the park.
A.between B.in C.on D.under
14.Hurry up, John! The bus is leaving ________ less than 10 minutes.
A.for B.at C.in D.of
15.Lucy is going to play badminton with her friends ______ 4 p.m. this Sunday.
A.in B.on C.at D.to
16.In our class ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.third fifths, is B.third fifth, are C.three fifth, is D.three fifths, are
17.About ________ of the students this year ________ born in the 1990s.
A.three five; was B.three fifths; were C.third fifths; is D.third fifth; are
18.The river near our village is ________. It is dangerous to swim in it.
A.20 metres’ deep B.20-metre-deep C.20 metres deep D.20-metres-deep
19.Luoyang is a big city with over seven ________ people, and ________ tourists from around the world travel to its places of interest every year.
A.million; million of B.million; millions of
C.millions of; million D.millions; million of
20.________ people like Apple phones, and about ________ of them are teenagers.
A.The number of; three fifths B.A number of; three fifth
C.A number of; three fifths D.The number of; three fifth
21.—________ persons want to have the party.
—Great! That means ________ of them will come and join us.
A.Forty-two; two thirds B.Forty-second; two third C.Forty-second; two thirds D.Forty-two; two third
22.________ the students in this primary school is about three thousand, ________ of them are girls.
A.A number of; two thirds B.The number of; two thirds
C.A number of; two third D.The number of; two third
23.Nowadays, ________ farmers leave their hometown to search for work in cities.
A.million of B.two millions C.millions of D.two millions of
24.There are fifty students in our class, and _______ of us like football.
A.two third B.two thirds C.two three D.second thirds
25.My father bought me a new bike on my ________ birthday.
A.nine B.ninth C.the ninth D.nineth
26.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ________ in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A.whom B.where C.which D.while
27.My son, it’s fine to be proud of yourself, ________ never show off.
A.and B.or C.but D.so
28.Belinda used to get up late, ________ she isn’t late for class any longer now.
A.but B.so C.or D.and
29.There is no way to prevent natural disasters, ________ we can get prepared for them.
A.and B.but C.so D.or
30.Many great scientists failed thousands of times in the experiments, ________ they never gave up.
A.for B.but C.so D.or
二、完成句子
31.他能说英语和西班牙语。
He can English Spanish.
32.为什么他们不重新使用或循环我们呢?
Why can’t they ?
33.她爸爸不仅支持她,而且帮她练习踢足球。
Her father supported her, helped her practise playing football.
34.李玲的学校已经鼓励他们在学校做一些运动而不是做作业。
Li Ling’s school them to do some sports homework at school.
35.她会弹钢琴,也会拉小提琴。
She can play the piano .
36.后来他得到了加拿大航天局的工作。
Later, he got a job the Canadian .
37.妻子穿着漂亮的新衣服,坐在仆人和侍卫之间。
The wife beautiful new clothes and sitting and .
38.他们通过练习发音来提高英语口语。
They improve their spoken English their pronunciation.
39.在疯狂和创造力之间也许有某种联系。
There may be madness and creativity.
40.没有邻居和朋友我们无法生存。
We can’t live or friends.
41.创城期间,很多不文明行为将会公之于众。
During the time of building the civilized city, some uncivilized behaviors will be shown .
42.迪斯尼乐园被全世界数百万的人们所喜欢。
Disneyland is millions of people from all over the world.
43.毫无疑问,电脑在技术和商业领域中很有使用价值。
There is that computers are very technology and business.
44.重阳节在农历九月初九。
The Chongyang Festival lunar September 9th.
45.有些学校甚至有由钢制成并建在教学楼外的防火梯。
Some schools even have fire escapes which steel and the teaching buildings.
46.医生发现他的身体没有问题。
The doctor found his body.
47.在最近几年里中国已经向太空发射了许多人造卫星。
China has many man-made satellites space in the last few years.
48.拍一部电影或上演一部戏剧可能涉及成百上千的人。
can take people to make a movie or a play.
49.这位著名的科学家出生在 20世纪 60年代。
The famous scientist was born .
50.每年,世界上数以百万计的人由于吸烟而丧命。
Every year, people around the world die smoking.
51.他在上周的写作比赛中获得了一等奖。
He won the in the writing competition last week.
52.地球上三分之一的土地是沙漠。
of the land on the earth desert.
53.我们再得一分就能胜这一局。
We need point to win the game.
54.20世纪60年代,生活非常艰难。
Life was very hard
55.这种新药拯救了全世界数百万人的生命。
The new medicine has saved across the world.
参考答案
一、
1.B
【解析】句意:战争结束后,除了那些被毁坏的建筑物,什么也没剩下。
考查介词辨析。besides除……以外还有(包含在内);except除……之外(不包含在内);beside在……旁边(方位介词);except for除……之外(说明整体情况后对细节加以修正)。根据“There was nothing left…”可知,此处表示从“什么都没有”中剔除“被毁坏的建筑物”,即“只剩下被毁坏的建筑物”。except常与nothing, everything, all等不定代词连用,表示同类事物的排除。故选B。
2.B
【解析】句意:天气很好,除了有点风。
考查介词辨析。except除了,同类排除(不包含);except for除了,非同类排除(不包含);besides除了……还有……(包含在内);beside在……旁边,表示位置。“The weather was nice”是对天气的正面评价,而a little wind是这个好评价中的一处小瑕疵,且weather和wind属于非同类事物。故选B。
3.B
【解析】句意:——你上大学时除了英语还学过其他外语吗?——学过,我还学了法语。但除了几个单词外,我全忘了。
考查介词辨析。besides除了……(包括在内);except除了……(不包括在内);but但是;among在……之中。第一空根据“any other foreign language”和回答“also studied French”可知,英语是包含在所学语言里的,用besides;第二空根据“forgotten all”和“a few words”可知,几个单词是从“全忘”的范围里排除的,用except。故选B。
4.C
【解析】句意:许多人来到英语角,包括一些来自英国和美国的说英语的人。
考查介词或非谓语动词辨析。includes包括,动词三单;included包括,过去式/过去分词;including包括,介词;include包括,动词原形。根据句子结构,逗号后需用介词including表示补充说明,意为“包括”,修饰前文“许多人”。故选C。
5.B
【解析】句意:窗户下面有一个足球。
考查介词。below表示“在……下方(不强调垂直,仅指“低于”的方位,可能偏左/偏右)”;under表示“在……正下方(有接触或无接触,但强调垂直下方的空间位置)”;down作副词时表示“向下(动作或方向)”,作介词时表示“沿着……向下”,不表示“静态位置在下方”;bottom底部,名词。窗户是垂直于地面的物体,“足球在窗户下方”更强调“垂直正下方”的空间位置(比如窗户下方的地面上),符合under的核心用法;而below仅强调“低于窗户的高度”,不符合日常表达中“物体在窗户下方”的默认场景(通常指正下方)。故选B。
6.D
【解析】句意:我站在河边看鱼在河里游泳。
考查介词辨析。besides除……之外(还有);except除……之外(排除在外);except for除了……之外(不包括在内),用于表示整体情况中排除某个特定的人、事物或细节;beside在……旁边。根据“I stood ... the river”可知,此处指的是站在河边。故选D。
7.B
【解析】句意:他惊讶地看到灌木丛中有一条蛇,张大了嘴巴看着它。
考查形容词辨析和with复合结构。surprising令人惊讶的,修饰物;surprised感到惊讶的,修饰人。第一空修饰He,应该用surprised,排除AC;with sth+形容词,表示某一状态,open为形容词,wide表示“(空间上)充分地、完全地”,侧重描述具体的“宽度状态”,常与形容词open搭配构成固定表达 wide open“完全张开的”。widely表示“广泛地、普遍地”,侧重描述“范围广”,不符合此时语境,故选B。
8.B
【解析】句意:—— 这酒是用葡萄酿造的吗?—— 是的,而且它产自法国。
考查固定短语。“be made of” 表示能看出原材料,“be made from” 表示看不出原材料,酒由葡萄酿造后看不出葡萄,用 “from” ;“be made in” 表示 “在…… 制造;产自” ,后接地点,“France” 是地点,用 “in” ;“be made by” 后接制造者,“be made as” 无此常规搭配,故选 B。
9.B
【解析】句意:上海在中国的东部。
考查介词辨析。to表示在范围之外;in表示在范围之内;on表示相邻;at在。根据“Shanghai lies...the east of China.”可知,上海在中国范围之内,用介词in。故选B。
10.A
【解析】句意:他在生日那天从朋友们那里收到了很多礼物。
考查介词辨析。on在,表示具体某天;in在……之内;at在(具体时间点);from从;of……的;to到;for为了……。句中“his birthday”是具体的某一天,第一空需用介词“on”;get sth. from sb.表示“从某人处得到某物”,因此第二空使用介词“from”。故选A。
11.D
【解析】句意:运用VR 技术游览我们家乡扬州的快乐真是难以言表。
考查介词辨析。through通过,指从物体内部穿过;across横穿,指从物体表面穿过;against反对;beyond超出。根据“The joy of using VR technology to travel around our hometown”可知,此处是指快乐无法用语言表达,beyond word意为“无法用语言表达”,故选D。
12.B
【解析】句意:我妈妈生日那天,我们全家要出去吃饭。
考查时间介词辨析。in在,用于表示世纪、年、月、季节,在上午/下午/晚上/白天等;on在,用于表示确定的时间,具体某天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上或一般节日等;at在,表示在具体的时间点,常用于表示钟点、夜里、中午、拂晓等;by不迟于……,到……为止,在……之前。结合语境及“…my mother’s birthday”可知,“在生日的那天”为具体的某一天,应用介词on与之搭配。故选B。
13.A
【解析】句意:图书馆在学校和公园之间。
考查介词辨析。between在……之间 ;in在……里面;on在……上面;under在……下面。between...and...“在……和……之间” 。故选A。
14.C
【解析】句意:快点,John。公交车将在十分钟内离开。
考查介词辨析。for后跟一段时间;at在具体时刻;in后跟年月季节等;of……的。根据提示词“is leaving”可知,此句为进行时表将来,用in+一段时间。故选C。
15.C
【解析】句意:露西打算在这个星期天下午4点和她的朋友们打羽毛球。
考查介词辨析。in在,后跟年,月,季节等时间;on在,后跟具体到某一天的时间;at在,常接具体时间点;to对着,朝。结合语境及“4 p.m.”可知,此处指在这周日下午四点,应用介词at接具体时间点。故选C。
16.D
【解析】句意:在我们班里,五分之三的学生是女生。
考查分数表达及主谓一致。分数表达规则:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母加-s。因此“五分之三”应为three fifths。主语“of the students”中心词是复数名词students,谓语动词用复数are。故选D。
17.B
【解析】句意:今年大约五分之三的学生出生于20世纪90年代。
考查分数表达及主谓一致。分数表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时分母加s,因此“五分之三”应为three fifths;根据“in the 1990s”可知,此处用一般过去时,主语“About three fifths of the students”为复数概念,谓语动词需用复数形式were。故选B。
18.C
【解析】句意:我们村子附近的河是20米深。在里面游泳很危险。
考查表示深度的表达方式。20 metres’ deep二十米的深;20-metre-deep二十米深的;20 metres deep二十米深;20-metres-deep错误结构,metre应该用单数。根据“The river near our village is ...”可知,此处用作表语,用“数词+单位词+形容词”的结构。故选C。
19.B
【解析】句意:洛阳是一个拥有超过七百万人口的大城市,每年有来自世界各地的数百万游客前往其名胜古迹。
考查million的用法。million“百万”,表示具体数字时,用单数形式;表示概数时,用复数形式,且与of连用。根据“seven”可知,第一空表示具体数字,用million;根据“and ... tourists”可知,第二空表示概数,用millions of。故选B。
20.C
【解析】句意:许多人喜欢苹果手机,其中大约五分之三是青少年。
考查短语辨析和分数表达。“the number of”表示“……的数量”,后接复数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“a number of”表示“许多,大量”,后接复数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。根据“people like Apple phones”可知,第一空表示“许多人”,应用“a number of”;分数的表达方式为:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母用复数形式,所以五分之三的正确表达是“three fifths”。故选C。
21.A
【解析】句意:——有四十二个人想举办这个派对。——太好了,那意味着他们中三分之二的人会来加入我们。
考查数词用法。基数词表示数量,如forty-two(四十二);分数表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用复数形式,因此“三分之二”是 two thirds。故选A。
22.B
【解析】句意:这所小学的学生数量大约是三千,其中三分之二是女生。
考查固定搭配和分数表达法。A number of许多;two thirds三分之二;The number of……的数量。 根据“…is about three thousand”可知此处指学生的数量,要用“The number of”(作主语时谓语动词用单数);分数表达中,分子大于1时分母要用复数形式,“三分之二”正确表达是“two thirds”。故选B。
23.C
【解析】句意:如今,成千上万的农民离开家乡去城里寻找工作。
考查数词。million前面有具体数字或a few/several等修饰时,词尾一般不加-s,表示确指概念;当前面没有具体数字,词尾要加-s,且与of连用。故选C。
24.B
【解析】句意:我们班有五十个学生,三分之二的人喜欢足球。
考查分数的表达方法。分数的构成法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子大于1,分母加s。所以“三分之二”的表达为:two thirds。故选B。
25.B
【解析】句意:我父亲在我九岁生日时给我买了一辆新自行车。
考查序数词用法。nine九,基数词;ninth第九,序数词;the ninth定冠词+序数词;nineth拼写错误。根据“on my … birthday”可知,此处是指在“我”九岁生日时,应用序数词表示顺序;当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时,不需要再加定冠词“the”。故选B。
26.D
【解析】句意:她以为我是在谈论她的女儿,然而事实上,我是在谈论我的女儿。
考查连词。whom谁;where哪里;which哪一个;while然而,表示对比或转折。根据“She thought I was talking about her daughter…in fact, I was talking about my daughter.”可知,前后两个分句之间是转折关系,故用while连接,故选D。
27.C
【解析】句意:我的儿子,为自己感到骄傲是可以的,但是永远不要炫耀。
考查连词辨析。and和,表示并列;or或者,表示选择;but但是,表示转折;so因此,表示因果关系。根据“it’s fine to be proud of yourself”和“never show off”可知,前后两句是转折关系,因此用连词but。故选C。
28.A
【解析】句意:Belinda过去常常起床晚,但现在不会迟到上课了。
考查连词辨析。but但是;so所以;or或者,否则;and和。根据“Belinda used to get up late, ... she isn’t late for class any longer now.”可知,前后两句呈转折关系,因此用but连接,故选A。
29.B
【解析】句意:无法阻止自然灾害的发生,但是我们可以为它们做好准备。
考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;so因此;or或者。根据“There is no way to prevent natural disasters…we can get prepared for them.”可知前后表转折,故选B。
30.B
【解析】句意:许多伟大的科学家在实验中失败了几千次,但他们从不放弃。
考查连词辨析。for因为;but但是;so所以;or或者。题干中“failed thousands of times in the experiments”与“never gave up”是转折关系,应用but连接句子。故选B。
二、
31. speak as well as
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“说”以及“和”;分析题干可知,speak“说”,动词,后接某种语言;根据空前情态动词can可知,此处动词用原形;as well as“和”,表示并列关系的连词。故填speak;as;well;as。
32. reuse or recycle us
【解析】“重新使用”reuse;“或”or;“循环”recycle;动词后接人称代词宾格us表示“我们”。can’t是情态动词,后接动词原形。故填reuse;or;recycle;us。
33. not only but also
【解析】根据汉语提示,设空处应该是“不仅……而且……”,短语not only…but also…符合题意,故填not;only;but;also。
34. has encouraged instead/rather of/than doing/do
【解析】根据题干可知时态为现在完成时,结构为“have/has+done”,主语为Li Ling’s school,所以助动词用has;encourage“鼓励”,其过去分词为encouraged;instead of/rather than都表示“而不是……”;instead of为介词短语,接动名词形式;rather than前面是“to do some sports”,所以此时rather than是连词,连接并列结构,所以后面接动词原形(to直接省略掉)。故填has;encouraged;instead/rather;of/than;doing/do。
35. as well as the violin
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空格处缺少“也拉小提琴”。分析句子结构可知,可以用as well as“也”连接并列的短语,play the violin“拉小提琴”,空格前已有play,这里可省略。故填as;well;as;the;violin。
36. with Space Agency
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,表示“在某机构任职”,常用介词with;“加拿大航天局”的英文为Canadian Space Agency。故填with;Space;Agency。
37. is wearing among servants guards
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“穿着”、“在……之中”和“仆人和侍卫”。“穿着”译为“wear”,此处描述具体场景,可用现在进行时“is wearing”。“在……之中(三者或以上)”译为“among”,后接并列宾语“servants and guards”(仆人和侍卫)。故填is;wearing;among;servants;guards。
38. by practicing
【解析】by“通过”,为介词,后跟动名词practicing“练习”。故填by;practicing。
39. a link between
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“某种联系”和“之间”。“某种联系”翻译为“a link”;此处表示在疯狂和创造之间,是两者之间,“之间”翻译为“between”。故填a;link;between。
40. without our neighbours
【解析】without“没有”;neighbours“邻居”,用名词复数与friends并列,其前用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”,修饰名词。故填without;our;neighbours。
41. to public
【解析】根据英汉对照可知,空处缺少“公之于众”,show sth. to sb.表示“把某物展示给某人”,此处是被动语态,其形式为sth. be shown to sb.,public是名词,意为“公众”。故填to;public。
42. enjoyed by
【解析】根据题干可知,空处缺少“被……所喜欢”,应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为be done,用动词过去分词enjoyed表示“喜欢”,用介词by表示“被”。故填enjoyed;by。
43. no doubt useful in
【解析】there is no doubt that“毫无疑问”;useful“有用的”,形容词作表语;in“在某方面”。故填no;doubt;useful;in。
44. is on
【解析】此句是主系表结构,第一空应填be动词,句子是一般现在时,主语是三单,be动词用is;空后是具体的某一天,应用时间介词on。故填is;on。
45. are made of built outside
【解析】根据中文可知,此处需要翻译“由……制成”和“建在……外”。be made of“由……制成”,先行词为escapes,为复数,时态为一般现在时,因此be用are;build“建造”,与先行词escapes为被动关系,用被动语态,故动词用过去分词built;outside“在……之外”,介词。故填are;made;of;built;outside。
46. nothing wrong with
【解析】nothing wrong with sth“……没有问题”,不定代词作动词found的宾语,形容词wrong作宾语补足语。故填nothing;wrong;with。
47. sent up into
【解析】根据所给句意可知,前两空表示“发射”,应用短语send up,根据“has”可知,应该用过去分词与has构成现在完成时,故前两空用sent up;第三空表示“进入”太空,用介词into。故填sent;up;into。
48. It hundreds of put on
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“拍一部电影或上演一部戏剧”的主语部分以及“成百上千的”“上演”的英文表达。“拍一部电影或上演一部戏剧”在句中作主语,应用形式主语It,句首首字母大写;“成百上千的”是固定短语,英文表达为hundreds of;“上演”的常用英文短语是put on,空前有不定式符号to,后接动词原形。故填It;hundreds;of;put;on。
49. in the 1960s
【解析】根据中英文提示可知,此处表达“在20世纪60年代”,表示在某个年代需用“in + the + 年份复数”结构,in the 1960s“在20世纪60年代”。故填in;the;1960s。
50. millions of as a result of
【解析】根据汉语提示可知,“数以百万计的”millions of;“由于”as a result of,用于引出原因。故填millions;of;as;a;result;of。
51. first prize
【解析】根据英汉句子可知,空格处缺少“一等奖”的英文。“一等奖”常见表达为“first prize”,“first”意为“第一”,序数词,修饰“prize”。故填first;prize。
52. One third is
【解析】三分之一:one third;句子用一般现在时,“分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词和of后的名词保持一致,根据“the land”可知be动词用is。故填One;third;is。
53. one more
【解析】根据汉语提示可知,空处应填one more“又一个,再一个”,后面的名词point用单数形式,one more point表示“再得一分”。故填one;more。
54. in the 1960s
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处应填“20世纪60年代”的英文表达,in the 1960s符合。故填in;the;1960s。
55. millions of lives
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,millions of可表示“数以百万计的”;可数名词life意为“生命”,此处应用其复数形式lives。故填millions;of;lives。
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专题12 介词&数词&连词
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 3
03 考点通关·靶向突破 4
★ 考点一 介词的种类及用法 4
★ 考点二 数词的种类及用法 7
★ 考点三 连词的种类及用法 15
04 优题精选·练能提分 15
考点
课标要求
复习目标
介词的种类及用法
掌握常用介词(in/on/at/with/by/for/from/to/of等)的基本用法及固定搭配; 能正确运用介词表示时间、地点、方式、原因、对象等逻辑关系; 区分易混介词(如in/on/at表时间/地点的差异、between/among的用法)。
1. 能准确辨析常用介词的用法及易混点,熟练掌握核心固定搭配;2. 能在单项选择、完形填空、语法填空等题型中精准运用介词;3. 能在书面表达中规范使用介词,避免语法错误。
数词的种类及用法
掌握基数词、序数词的构成规则及基本用法; 能正确运用数词表示数量、顺序、年龄、日期、分数、倍数等; 了解数词在固定搭配中的常见用法(如hundred/thousand/million的用法)。
1. 熟练掌握基数词、序数词的构成及转换,牢记特殊变化形式;2. 能准确运用数词表达不同语义,区分分数、倍数的正确表达;3. 应对数词在各类题型中的考查,做到快速解题、正确率达标。
连词的种类及用法
掌握并列连词(and/but/or/so/while等)、从属连词(that/if/whether/because/since/when等)的用法; 能正确运用连词连接句子,体现句子间的逻辑关系(并列、转折、因果、条件、让步等); 区分易混连词(如because/since/as/for的差异、if/whether的用法)。
1. 能清晰区分不同类型连词的功能及逻辑关系,辨析易混连词;2. 能在句型转换、完形填空、阅读理解中把握连词的作用,辅助解题;3. 书面表达中能合理运用连词,使行文连贯、逻辑清晰。
命题预测
题型稳定:以单项选择、语法填空为主要考查题型,完形填空、书面表达中穿插考查,侧重应用能力;
趋势侧重:结合生活化、情境化语境考查核心用法,减少单纯语法识记题,强调在语篇中理解和运用;
热点方向:介词聚焦固定搭配与语境辨析,数词侧重分数、倍数及日期表达,连词聚焦句子逻辑关系判断,贴合核心素养中“语言运用”目标。
解题锦囊
锦囊1:介词解题——先判断语义场景(时间/地点/方式),再匹配固定搭配,无固定搭配时结合语境逻辑排除;
锦囊2:数词解题——牢记序数词特殊变化及分数、倍数公式,日期表达需注意介词搭配(in/on);
锦囊3:连词解题——先分析句子间逻辑关系(并列/转折/因果等),再锁定对应连词,排除易混干扰项;
锦囊4:语境优先——遇到不确定选项时,结合上下文语境推导,避免孤立记忆语法规则;
锦囊5:错题归类——将错题按“固定搭配失误/逻辑判断错误/易混点混淆”分类,针对性强化记忆。
考点一 介词的种类及用法
介词是英语中连接名词、代词或相当于名词的短语与句子其他成分的词,无法单独作句子成分,需与名词性成分构成介词短语,在句中作状语、定语、表语等。以下按语义功能分类,结合中考高频用法及易错点展开说明:
分类
常用介词
核心用法
例句
时间介词
in
接年、月、季节、上午/下午/晚上(泛指);也可接一段时间,表“在……之后”(用于一般将来时)。中考常考与on/at的辨析及“in+时间段”的时态搭配。
She was born in 2010.(她出生于2010年。)/ He will come back in three days.(他三天后回来。)
on
接具体日期、星期、节日、具体上午/下午/晚上(有形容词、介词短语等修饰)。中考高频考点:带修饰词的上午/下午/晚上前用on,如on a rainy morning。
We have a party on Christmas Eve.(我们在圣诞夜有派对。)/ They left on a cold winter afternoon.(他们在一个寒冷的冬日午后离开。)
at
接具体时刻(几点几分)、固定搭配(at dawn/noon/night/weekends等);也可接节日,表“在节日当天”。中考常考固定搭配辨析。
He gets up at 6:30 every morning.(他每天早上6:30起床。)/ They usually have a big meal at Spring Festival.(他们通常在春节当天吃大餐。)
地点介词
in
接大地点(城市、国家、洲等)、封闭空间内部、范围之内;也可接街道(美式英语)。中考常与on/at辨析地点范围大小。
She lives in Beijing.(她住在北京。)/ The book is in the desk drawer.(书在书桌抽屉里。)
on
接平面、物体表面、街道(英式英语)、交通工具(强调“在……上面”且有接触面);也可接岛屿。中考高频:街道前介词的英美差异。
The book is on the desk.(书在桌子上。)/ He lives on Park Street.(他住在帕克街。)(英式)
at
接小地点(车站、机场、商店、具体场所的某个点)、门牌号前。中考常考“小地点用at”的精准判断,如at the bus stop。
We met at the airport.(我们在机场见面了。)/ She works at No. 10 Renmin Road.(她在人民路10号工作。)
方式介词
by/with/in
by+交通工具(无冠词)/手段/方式;with+具体工具/身体部位;in+语言/材料/方式(如in a hurry)。中考核心辨析点:by与with的工具/手段差异。
He goes to school by bike.(他骑自行车上学。)/ She writes with a pen.(她用钢笔写字。)/ He speaks in English.(他用英语说话。)
其他介词
for/from/to/of
for表目的/持续时间/对象;from...to...表时间/地点范围;of表所属/性质/数量。中考高频:for+时间段与现在完成时搭配,from...to...的固定用法。
I have studied English for 5 years.(我学英语5年了。)/ The shop is open from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m.(这家店从上午9点营业到晚上9点。)
【易混易错辨析】(中考重点)
1. between vs among:between 通常用于两者之间,可接复数名词(强调两两之间),也可用于“between A, B and C”(明确多个对象中的两两关系);among 用于三者及以上的“在……之中”,侧重整体范围内的分布或融入,不强调个体间关系。中考常考语境中的范围判断,尤其注意between的特殊用法。例:She divided the cake between her two children.(两者,两两分配)/ He walked among the crowd.(三者及以上,融入人群中)/ The agreement was signed between three countries.(三者,强调两两之间的协议)
2. in vs into:in 表示“在……内部”,侧重静态状态,常与be动词、stay、live等静态动词搭配;into 表示“进入……内部”,侧重动态动作,常与walk、run、put等动态动词搭配,强调从外部到内部的变化过程。中考高频考点:根据动词的静态/动态属性选择介词。例:The bird is in the cage.(状态,鸟在笼子里)/ She walked into the room.(动作,从门外走进房间)/ He put the book into the bag.(动作,将书放入包里)
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏镇江·月考)________ 4 December 2024, the “Spring Festival” was listed on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
A.In B.At C.On D.From
2.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)Yesterday, we learned a new lesson and now the students are all busy ________.
A.going on it B.going it on C.going over it D.going it over
3.(25-26九年级上·江苏淮安·期中)The first Jiangsu Football City League, known as “Su Chao”, ended ________ November 1st in Nanjing.
A.at B.in C.on D.of
4.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考)The weekly round-up, ________ what is going on in our city, will be covered ________.
A.include; alive B.include; live
C.including; live D.including; lively
5.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)We can also learn a lot about the city’s history ________ works of art.
A.with B.across C.through D.past
6.(25-26九年级上·江苏淮安·期中)—When is your school art festival?
—It’s _________ Friday afternoon. Would you like to come?
A.in B.at C.on D.from
7.(25-26九年级上·江苏连云港·期中)Yang Zhenning’s life was a legend, showing how one person can shape the future ________ knowledge and hard work.
A.against B.over C.through D.without
8.(25-26九年级上·江苏常州·月考)—Do you prefer coffee ________ milk in it?
—Sometimes, but most of the time I ________ drink black coffee.
A.with, would rather B.with, prefer
C.or, would rather D.to, prefer
9.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)All my classmates ________ me watched the military parade on TV. That made me feel blue.
A.besides B.but C.or D.around
10.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)________ 2016, the AI programme Alphago beat a human at the ancient game of Go.
A.To B.At C.On D.In
考点二 数词的种类及用法
数词是表示数量、顺序、时间、日期等概念的词,包括基数词和序数词等,在中考中均为高频考点,尤其侧重构成规则的特殊变化及语境运用,需精准掌握拼写及转换规律。
一、基数词与序数词
1. 基数词:核心功能是表示具体数量,范围从1延伸至无穷大,是构成序数词、分数、倍数等表达的基础。构成规则需分阶段记忆,重点关注特殊拼写及组合方式:
1-12为完全特殊拼写,无固定规律,必须逐一牢记:one(1)、two(2)、three(3)、four(4)、five(5)、six(6)、seven(7)、eight(8)、nine(9)、ten(10)、eleven(11)、twelve(12),这部分是中考拼写题的基础考点,常结合年龄、数量表达考查。
13-19整体由“基数词词干+teen”构成,但有4个特殊变化,需注意拼写差异:thirteen(13,词干thir-)、fifteen(15,词干fif-,去ve加teen)、eighteen(18,词干eight-,去t加teen),其余如fourteen(14)、sixteen(16)等均为规则变化,中考易在此处设置拼写陷阱。
20-90的整十数由“基数词词干+ty”构成,同样存在4个特殊变化,需重点区分:twenty(20)、thirty(30)、fifty(50,词干fif-,去ve加ty)、eighty(80,词干eight-,去t加ty),其余如forty(40)、sixty(60)等为规则变化,注意避免将thirty误写为“thrity”、fifty误写为“fivty”。
21-99的非整十数为“整十数+连字符+个位基数词”的组合结构,中间连字符不可省略,且个位基数词需用原形,例:twenty-one(21)、seventy-five(75)、ninety-nine(99);若表示“几百几十几”,则为“百位基数词+and+整十数+连字符+个位基数词”(英式英语),美式英语中and可省略,如two hundred and thirty-six(236),这一结构在中考书面表达及语法填空中高频出现。
2. 序数词:核心功能是表示顺序,意为“第几”,常与定冠词、物主代词搭配使用,构成规则需以基数词为基础,分情况记忆,特殊变化是中考核心考查点:
第1-第3为完全特殊变化,无固定后缀,需单独记忆:first(1st,缩写为1st)、second(2nd,缩写为2nd)、third(3rd,缩写为3rd),缩写形式常出现在日期表达中,中考选择题、填空题均有涉及。
第4-第19由“对应基数词+th”构成,存在4个特殊变化,需注意词形调整:fifth(5th,基数词five去ve加th)、eighth(8th,基数词eight去t加th)、ninth(9th,基数词nine去e加th)、twelfth(12th,基数词twelve变ve为f加th),其余如fourth(4th)、sixth(6th)等为规则变化,拼写错误是常见丢分点。
第20及以上整十数变序数词,需先将基数词词尾的y变为i,再加-eth,例:twentieth(20th)、fortieth(40th)、fiftieth(50th)、eightieth(80th),注意避免直接在y后加th的错误用法。
第21及以上非整十数变序数词,仅需将个位部分变为序数词,十位及以上部分保持基数词原形,中间无需连字符,例:twenty-first(21st)、thirty-third(33rd)、ninety-ninth(99th),此类表达在日期、排名场景中高频考查。
二、核心用法
数词的核心用法需结合具体语境,涵盖数量、分数、倍数、日期等场景,中考侧重用法规则的灵活运用及易错点辨析,以下结合高频考点展开说明:
用法
表达规则)
例句
分数表达
分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子大于1时,分母序数词需加-s;分子为1时,分母用单数形式;若分数修饰名词,需在分数后加of,名词前需加定冠词the(特指)或形容词性物主代词;带分数的表达为“整数部分+and+分数部分”,例:one and a half hours(一个半小时)。中考易错点:分子大于1时分母漏加-s,带分数中间漏加and。
One third of the students are girls.(三分之一的学生是女生。)/ Two fifths of the land is covered with grass.(五分之二的土地被草地覆盖。)
倍数表达
核心结构有两种:①倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as(表示“是……的几倍”);②倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than(表示“比……多几倍”);注意倍数表达中常用twice(两倍),不用two times,三倍及以上用“基数词+times”。中考易错点:混淆两种结构的词性搭配,误将比较级与as连用。
This room is twice as big as that one.(这个房间是那个的两倍大。)/ The river is three times longer than before.(这条河比以前长三倍。)
日期表达
两种常用结构:①美式表达:月+日(序数词),年(June 1st, 2025);②英式表达:日(序数词)+of+月,年(the first of June, 2025);注意日期中序数词可缩写(1st、2nd、3rd、4th及以后加th),但读的时候需读完整形式。中考易错点:日期中序数词前漏加the(英式表达),缩写形式错误。
June 1st, 2025 / the first of June, 2025(2025年6月1日)/ Her birthday is on October 5th.(她的生日在10月5日。)
hundred/thousand/million
前有具体数字(one、two、three等)时,用原形,且不与of连用;表不确定数量时,需加-s+of,构成“hundreds/thousands/millions of”结构,后接可数名词复数;若数字前有several、many等词,也需用“复数形式+of”。中考易错点:具体数字后加-s,或表不确定数量时漏加of。
two hundred students(两百名学生)/ thousands of people(成千上万的人)/ several million trees(几百万棵树)
【特别提示】(中考高频易错点)
序数词前通常加定冠词the,表特指“第几”,例:The third lesson is about history.(第三节课是关于历史的。);但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her等)、名词所有格(Tom’s、Lucy’s等)或this、that等限定词时,不加the,直接修饰名词,这是中考单项选择、语法填空的高频考点,需重点区分。例:This is my first trip to Shanghai.(这是我第一次去上海。)/ Tom’s second book was published last year.(汤姆的第二本书去年出版了。)
序数词常与不定冠词a/an连用,表示“又一、再一”(不表顺序),例:I want a second cup of coffee.(我想再要一杯咖啡。)
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·月考)Although my grandfather is ________, he is full of energy.
A.of his seventy B.in the seventieth C.in his seventies D.at the seventy
2.(25-26九年级上·江苏泰州·月考)Class Three did a survey on the ways to relax. The pie chart tells us that ________.
A.15% of the students prefer to exercise
B.reading books is the most popular way to relax
C.students who like watching TV take up 10%
D.most students choose other ways to get relaxed
3.(23-24九年级上·江苏徐州·月考)The couple got married in ________ and they have been married for over 60 years.
A.the 1960s B.1960s C.the 1960 D.the 1960s’
4.(24-25九年级上·江苏南京·月考)The young man who is ________ can’t even imagine what happened ________ of the last century.
A.in the 20s; in the 1980s B.in his 20s; in 1980s
C.in his 20s; in the 1980s D.in the 20s; in 1980s
5.(2025·江苏南京·三模)Here is a pie chart about the difficulties the 2,000 students meet when they learn English. According to the chart, ________ students think they don’t have enough time for learning English.
A.one hundred B.three hundred C.seven hundred D.nine hundred
6.(2025·江苏泰州·二模)—About ________ of the workers in the factory were born in the ________.
—We all really admire them because all of them ________ the factory for more than 20 years.
A.two-thirds; 1970s; have been in B.two-thirds; 1970; has joined
C.two-third; 1970; has been at D.two-third; 1970s; have been a member of
7.(23-24九年级下·江苏常州·期末)The environment here is better now because ________ of the land ________ covered with plants.
A.three fourth; is B.three fourths; is C.three fourths; are D.three fourth; are
8.(25-26九年级上·江苏南通·月考)The USA has ________ population in the world. There are 311 ________ people living there.
A.the third large; millions of B.the third large; million
C.the third largest; millions of D.the third largest; million
9.(24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)I’m surprised that Jim is only 25. I thought he was ________ for he seems to be in his ________.
A.younger; forties B.younger; fortieths C.older; forties D.older; fortieths
10.(2024·江苏南京·模拟预测)I am sorry to hear that ________ people lost their homes in Japan’s earthquake.
A.two thousands B.thousand C.thousands of D.thousand of
考点三 连词的种类及用法
连词是用来连接词、短语、句子或从句的词,本身无实义,主要作用是体现句子间的逻辑关系,使行文连贯。按功能可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类,二者均为中考高频考点,侧重在语境中判断逻辑关系及易混连词辨析。
1. 并列连词:连接语法地位平等的词、短语或句子(即并列结构),无需引导从句,核心体现并列、转折、因果、选择、对比等逻辑关系。中考除考查基础连词and/but/or/so外,还常涉及while/for等拓展连词的用法。
连词
逻辑关系
例句
and
并列、顺承;连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数;也可用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,表条件。
I like coffee and she likes tea.(我喜欢咖啡,她喜欢茶。)/ Work hard, and you will make progress.(努力学习,你就会进步。)
but
转折;连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”;注意与though/although不可连用。
He is young but he is very experienced.(他很年轻,但经验丰富。)/ Not he but his parents are coming.(不是他,而是他父母要来。)
or
选择、否定条件;连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”;可用于“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,表警告。
Would you like tea or coffee?(你想喝茶还是咖啡?)/ Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.(快点,否则你会错过公交车。)
so
因果(表结果,由前文原因推导得出);不可与because同时使用,二者选其一。
It rained heavily, so we stayed at home.(雨下得很大,所以我们待在了家里。)/ He got up late, so he was late for school.(他起床晚了,所以上学迟到了。)
while
对比(强调两者同时发生)、时间(与延续性动词连用);中考高频对比用法。
She likes singing while her sister likes dancing.(她喜欢唱歌,而她妹妹喜欢跳舞。)/ I was cooking while he was watching TV.(我做饭的时候,他在看电视。)
for
因果(表补充说明的原因,语气较弱,不可置于句首);中考偶考与because的差异。
He didn’t go out, for it was raining.(他没出去,因为在下雨。)/ She was sad, for she lost her favorite book.(她很伤心,因为丢了最喜欢的书。)
2. 从属连词:连接主句和从句(从句依附于主句,不能独立成句),可引导宾语从句、状语从句(时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等),中考侧重引导不同从句的用法差异及语境适配。
连词
引导从句类型
例句
that
宾语从句(无词义,可省略);引导定语从句时需在从句中作成分;中考常考宾语从句中that的省略情况。
I know (that) he is a student.(我知道他是一名学生。)/ She said (that) she would come tomorrow.(她说她明天会来。)
because
原因状语从句(表直接、明确的原因,语气最强);可置于句首或句末,置于句首时需加逗号。
I didn’t go to school because I was ill.(我没去上学,因为我生病了。)/ Because he is busy, he can’t help us.(因为他很忙,所以不能帮我们。)
when
时间状语从句(当……时,可与延续性/非延续性动词连用);中考常与while/as辨析。
I was reading when he came in.(他进来时,我正在看书。)/ When I was young, I liked swimming.(我小时候喜欢游泳。)
if
条件状语从句(如果,表假设);宾语从句(是否);引导条件状语从句时遵循“主将从现”原则。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go hiking.(如果明天天气好,我们就去徒步。)/ I don’t know if she will come.(我不知道她是否会来。)
since
原因状语从句(既然,表显而易见的原因);时间状语从句(自从,与现在完成时连用)。
Since you are tired, you can go to bed early.(既然你累了,就早点睡吧。)/ I have known her since 2020.(我从2020年就认识她了。)
though/although
让步状语从句(虽然,尽管);不可与but连用,但可与yet/still连用。
Though he is short, he plays basketball well.(虽然他个子矮,但篮球打得好。)/ Although it was cold, we went out.(尽管天冷,我们还是出去了。)
【易混易错辨析】(中考核心)
1. because vs so vs for:三者均表因果,但用法差异明显,是中考单项选择、完形填空的高频易错点。① because 表直接原因,语气最强,可置于句首/句末,不可与so连用;② so 表结果,由前文原因推导而来,只能置于句中连接结果,不可与because连用;③ for 表补充说明的原因,语气最弱,只能置于句中,且前面需加逗号,不可置于句首。例:Because he worked hard, he passed the exam.(√)/ He worked hard, so he passed the exam.(√)/ Because he worked hard, so he passed the exam.(×)/ He didn’t attend the meeting, for he was ill.(√)/ For he was ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.(×)
2. if vs whether:二者引导宾语从句表“是否”时,多数情况下可互换,但存在3种不可互换的场景,是中考语法填空、句型转换的核心考点。① 引导介词后的宾语从句时,只能用whether,不能用if;② 与or not连用(无论是否连用)时,只能用whether,不能用if;③ 作不定式to do的宾语时,只能用whether,不能用if。例:I don’t know whether/if he will come.(√)/ I wonder whether he will come or not.(√)/ I wonder if he will come or not.(×)/ It depends on whether we have enough time.(√)/ He hasn’t decided whether to go.(√)
3. when vs while vs as:三者均表“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,用法差异集中在动词类型和语境侧重。① when 可与延续性/非延续性动词连用,侧重“某一时刻或时间段内发生的动作”,主从句动作可同时发生或先后发生;② while 只能与延续性动词连用,侧重“主从句动作同时进行”,还可表对比;③ as 侧重“一边……一边……”,主从句动作伴随发生,语气比when/while更强调同步性。例:When he arrived, we were having dinner.(他到的时候,我们正在吃饭。)/ While we were talking, he came in.(我们聊天的时候,他进来了。)/ She sang as she walked.(她边走边唱。)
4. though/although vs but:二者均表转折,但不可同时使用,只能选其一,若需强调语气,可在句中加yet/still。例:Though he is old, he is energetic.(√)/ He is old, but he is energetic.(√)/ Though he is old, but he is energetic.(×)/ Although it rained, we still went hiking.(√)
1.(25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)You can’t have them both. You can choose ________ the bike ________ the toy car.
A.neither; nor B.both; and C.not only; but also D.either; or
2.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中)—Here’s the money you lent me.
—_________ that’s not right. It’s only ¥20 instead of ¥50.
A.But B.Or C.And D.So
3.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)—Nanjing Forest Music Festival is worth attending and very popular among young people.
—That’s ________ it mixes traditional Chinese music and modern Western music.
A.why B.since C.where D.because
4.(25-26九年级上·江苏镇江·期中)—Li Yan is worried about her father who has joined an international medical team in Africa.
—What a hero! I wonder ________.
A.how long has he been in Africa B.that he has been to Africa before
C.when he will go to Africa D.how soon he’ll return from Africa
5.(25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考)We don’t know if instant noodles (方便面) will disappear one day, _________ they have surely left a mark on dining history.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
6.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)Go downstairs, ________ stand in line on the playground as soon as possible.
A.and B.but C.so D.or
7.(25-26九年级上·江苏南京·月考)The dress is really beautiful, ________ it is too small for me.
A.or B.but C.so D.and
8.(25-26九年级上·江苏徐州·月考)—It seems that my son often refuses to communicate with me.
—Try to put yourself in his shoes ________ he won’t be willing to open his heart to you.
A.till B.or C.and D.but
9.(25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考)It takes much effort and time to care for dogs, ________ to me the rewards are worth it.
A.so B.or C.but D.for
10.(2025·江苏泰州·二模)The 8-year-old child can speak English very well ________ her parents can’t.
A.if B.since C.so D.while
一、单项选择
1.There was nothing left ________ the destroyed buildings after the war.
A.besides B.except C.beside D.except for
2.The weather was nice ________ a little wind.
A.except B.except for C.besides D.beside
3.—Did you study any other foreign language ________ English when you were at college?
—Yes, I also studied French. But I have forgotten all ________a few words.
A.besides; besides B.besides; except C.but; except D.among; except
4.Many people come to the English corner, ________ some English speakers from the U.K. and the U.S.
A.includes B.included C.including D.include
5.There is a football _________ the window.
A.below B.under C.down D.bottom
6.I stood ________ the river to watch the fish swimming in the river.
A.besides B.except C.except for D.beside
7.He was ______ to see a snake in the bushes and looked at it with his mouth ______.
A.surprising, wide open B.surprised, wide open
C.surprising, widely opened D.surprised, widely opened
8.—Is the wine made________ grapes?
—Yes, and it's made________ France.
A.of; in B.from; in C.from; by D.of; as
9.Shanghai lies ________ the east of China.
A.to B.in C.on D.at
10.He got many gifts ________ his birthday ________ his friends.
A.on; from B.in; of C.at; to D.from; for
11.The joy of using VR technology to travel around our hometown Yangzhou is really ________ words.
A.through B.across C.against D.beyond
12.My family will go out for dinner _______ my mother’s birthday.
A.in B.on C.at D.by
13.The library is ________ the school and the park.
A.between B.in C.on D.under
14.Hurry up, John! The bus is leaving ________ less than 10 minutes.
A.for B.at C.in D.of
15.Lucy is going to play badminton with her friends ______ 4 p.m. this Sunday.
A.in B.on C.at D.to
16.In our class ________ of the students ________ girls.
A.third fifths, is B.third fifth, are C.three fifth, is D.three fifths, are
17.About ________ of the students this year ________ born in the 1990s.
A.three five; was B.three fifths; were C.third fifths; is D.third fifth; are
18.The river near our village is ________. It is dangerous to swim in it.
A.20 metres’ deep B.20-metre-deep C.20 metres deep D.20-metres-deep
19.Luoyang is a big city with over seven ________ people, and ________ tourists from around the world travel to its places of interest every year.
A.million; million of B.million; millions of
C.millions of; million D.millions; million of
20.________ people like Apple phones, and about ________ of them are teenagers.
A.The number of; three fifths B.A number of; three fifth
C.A number of; three fifths D.The number of; three fifth
21.—________ persons want to have the party.
—Great! That means ________ of them will come and join us.
A.Forty-two; two thirds B.Forty-second; two third C.Forty-second; two thirds D.Forty-two; two third
22.________ the students in this primary school is about three thousand, ________ of them are girls.
A.A number of; two thirds B.The number of; two thirds
C.A number of; two third D.The number of; two third
23.Nowadays, ________ farmers leave their hometown to search for work in cities.
A.million of B.two millions C.millions of D.two millions of
24.There are fifty students in our class, and _______ of us like football.
A.two third B.two thirds C.two three D.second thirds
25.My father bought me a new bike on my ________ birthday.
A.nine B.ninth C.the ninth D.nineth
26.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ________ in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A.whom B.where C.which D.while
27.My son, it’s fine to be proud of yourself, ________ never show off.
A.and B.or C.but D.so
28.Belinda used to get up late, ________ she isn’t late for class any longer now.
A.but B.so C.or D.and
29.There is no way to prevent natural disasters, ________ we can get prepared for them.
A.and B.but C.so D.or
30.Many great scientists failed thousands of times in the experiments, ________ they never gave up.
A.for B.but C.so D.or
二、完成句子
31.他能说英语和西班牙语。
He can English Spanish.
32.为什么他们不重新使用或循环我们呢?
Why can’t they ?
33.她爸爸不仅支持她,而且帮她练习踢足球。
Her father supported her, helped her practise playing football.
34.李玲的学校已经鼓励他们在学校做一些运动而不是做作业。
Li Ling’s school them to do some sports homework at school.
35.她会弹钢琴,也会拉小提琴。
She can play the piano .
36.后来他得到了加拿大航天局的工作。
Later, he got a job the Canadian .
37.妻子穿着漂亮的新衣服,坐在仆人和侍卫之间。
The wife beautiful new clothes and sitting and .
38.他们通过练习发音来提高英语口语。
They improve their spoken English their pronunciation.
39.在疯狂和创造力之间也许有某种联系。
There may be madness and creativity.
40.没有邻居和朋友我们无法生存。
We can’t live or friends.
41.创城期间,很多不文明行为将会公之于众。
During the time of building the civilized city, some uncivilized behaviors will be shown .
42.迪斯尼乐园被全世界数百万的人们所喜欢。
Disneyland is millions of people from all over the world.
43.毫无疑问,电脑在技术和商业领域中很有使用价值。
There is that computers are very technology and business.
44.重阳节在农历九月初九。
The Chongyang Festival lunar September 9th.
45.有些学校甚至有由钢制成并建在教学楼外的防火梯。
Some schools even have fire escapes which steel and the teaching buildings.
46.医生发现他的身体没有问题。
The doctor found his body.
47.在最近几年里中国已经向太空发射了许多人造卫星。
China has many man-made satellites space in the last few years.
48.拍一部电影或上演一部戏剧可能涉及成百上千的人。
can take people to make a movie or a play.
49.这位著名的科学家出生在 20世纪 60年代。
The famous scientist was born .
50.每年,世界上数以百万计的人由于吸烟而丧命。
Every year, people around the world die smoking.
51.他在上周的写作比赛中获得了一等奖。
He won the in the writing competition last week.
52.地球上三分之一的土地是沙漠。
of the land on the earth desert.
53.我们再得一分就能胜这一局。
We need point to win the game.
54.20世纪60年代,生活非常艰难。
Life was very hard
55.这种新药拯救了全世界数百万人的生命。
The new medicine has saved across the world.
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