用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读之传统美德二-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 ( 传统美德 ) Passage 1阅读理解A 主题语境：中华美德 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 349 建议用时：7分钟 Plum blossoms, orchids, bamboo and chrysanthemums are known as the four gentlemen in China because these plants’ natural character has something in common with human virtues. They have all long been featured in ancient paintings and poems. Plum blossoms Plum blossoms are cold-resistant flowers that bloom in early spring. According to historical records, plum blossoms appeared on drawing paper 1,600 years ago.Painting plum blossoms came into vogue during the Northern Song Dynasty; at that time, the most famous painter was the Buddhist monk Zhong Ren, who created a unique way of drawing with Chinese ink, controlling its shades to give the painting a very active appearance. Orchids Grown in deep mountain valleys, the orchid is one of the top ten well-known flowers in China. Orchids are equal to elegance in Chinese people's eyes. The greatest orchid painter was Zheng Banqiao in the Qing Dynasty,who attached great importance to the nature of orchids.* He had a preference for painting wild orchids, and he planted potted orchids by himself and transplanted them in the mountain after spring with the expectation of them growing naturally. Bamboo In traditional Chinese culture, bamboo is a symbol of vitality and longevity, which usually relates to the man who has honorable conduct and nobility of character.Silently grown in desolate mountains, bamboos are very slim with joints on their stem and their leaves are like scabbards (鞘). Their firm and indomitable (不屈不挠的) willpower was admired by many ancient literati (文人) and painters. Famous poet Su Shi once wrote down“Rather eat without meat than live without bamboo” in his poem to express his deep love for bamboo. Chrysanthemums When nearly all the flowers are withered and bare in late autumn only the chrysanthemums withstand the heavy frost and bloom energetically in graceful shapes and bright colors. Chrysanthemums have been given more meanings under the pen of literati. The most well-known verse about chrysanthemums is“Plucking chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge,I calmly view the southern hills”,which comes from the famous poet Tao Yuanming's poem Drinking, showing the leisure of Tao's reclusive(隐居的)life. 1 What does the underlined word“vogue” probably mean in Paragraph2? A. View. B. Action. C. Effect. D. Fashion. 2 What did Zheng Banqiao value most about orchids? A. The flower. B. The nature. C. The smell. D. The color. 3 What did Su Shi and Tao Yuanming have in common? A. They were experienced at gardening. B. They were expert in painting flowers. C. They preferred to live alone in remote areas. D. They expressed their love for plants by writing poems. 4 Who showed love for flowers in their natural surroundings? A. Zhong Ren. B. Zheng Banqiao. C. Su Shi. D. Tao Yuanming. · 参考答案： 在中国传统文化中，梅、兰、竹、菊被称为“四君子”。因与人类的美德有共通之处，这些植物常出现于古代诗词、画作之中。本文介绍了这四种植物各自具有的文化意蕴。 1. D 词义猜测题。根据该词语境可知，画梅在北宋时期开始盛行。 come into vogue意为“开始流行”。 vogue意为“流行；时髦”，与 fashion同义。 2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段的 The greatest orchid painter was Zheng Banqiao in the Qing Dynasty, who attached great importance to the nature of orchids.可知，郑板桥喜爱兰花高雅的自然特质。 3.D 推理判断题。根据第四、五段内容可知，苏轼喜爱竹子，而陶渊明喜爱菊花，共同之处是他们都用诗作来表达自己对这些植物的喜爱。 4. B 推理判断题。根据第三段的 Zheng Banqiao…planted potted orchids by himself and transplanted them in the mountain after spring with the expectation of them growing naturally.可知，郑板桥把自己的盆栽兰花移栽到山中，期望它们能自然生长。 难句分析 He had a preference for painting wild orchids, and he planted potted orchids by himself and transplanted them in the mountain after spring with the expectation of them growing naturally.他偏爱画野生兰花，还亲自栽种盆栽兰花，春天过后他便将它们移栽到山中，期望它们能自然生长。 第一个 and 连接两个并列分句；第二个 and 连接两个并列谓语； with… growing naturally 是介词短语，作伴随状语。 · 参考译文： 梅花、兰花、竹子和菊花在中国被称为“四君子”，梅因为这些植物的自然特性与人类的美德有共通之处。它们长期以来一直是古代绘画和诗歌的表现题材。 梅花 梅花是在早春绽放的耐寒花卉。据史料记载，1600年前梅花就出现在画纸上了。画梅在北宋时期开始盛行；当时，最著名的画家是僧人释仲仁，他开创了一种独特的中国水墨画技法，通过掌控墨色的浓淡，使画作呈现出栩栩如生的效果。 兰花 兰花生长在深山幽谷之中，是中国十大名花之一。在中国人眼中，兰花象征着高雅。最杰出的画兰花的画家当属清代的郑板桥，他极为注重兰花的自然特质。他偏爱画野生兰花，还亲自栽种盆栽兰花，春天过后他便将它们移栽到山中，期望它们能自然生长。 竹子 在中国传统文化中，竹子是生命力和长寿的象征，常与品行高洁、品格高尚之人联系在一起。竹子默默生长在荒山中，茎秆细长，茎部有节，叶子形似剑鞘。其坚定不屈的意志力为许多古代文人墨客所赞赏。著名诗人苏轼曾在诗中写下“宁可食无肉，不可居无竹”，以表达他对竹子的深深喜爱之情。 菊花 在深秋时节，当几乎所有的花朵都凋零、枯萎之时，唯有菊花能够经受住严霜的考验，以优美的姿态和鲜艳的色彩尽情绽放。在文人的笔下，菊花被赋予了更多的内涵。关于菊花最著名的诗句当属“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”，这句诗出自著名诗人陶渊明的诗作《饮酒》，展现出陶渊明隐居生活的闲适悠然。 Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：中华美德 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 295 建议用时：6分钟 The famous Chinese idiom, “Cheng Men LiXue”, which literally means“standing in the snow at the gate of Cheng's home”, is a wonderful example. “Cheng”refers to Cheng Yi, one of the leading philosophers in the Song Dynasty. * Attracted by Cheng's theory, Yang Shi, a talented, hard-working young man who loved reading and studying, worshipped Cheng as his mentor(良师). One day, Yang and his friend You Zuo had different opinions on one question. In order to get a proper answer,they went to Cheng's home for advice. It was in the middle of winter. Feeling frozen by the wind and snow, the two men wrapped themselves tightly in their clothes and hurried on. When they arrived at Cheng's place, the gatekeeper said the master was taking a nap. The two students did not complain. Instead, they chose not to disturb the teacher and waited outside the door, standing in heavy snowfall. After quite some time, Cheng upon waking up became aware that his students had been standing still in the snow for a while and immediately invited them to come in. By this time, the snowfall was already one foot thick. Deeply moved by Yang's patience, Cheng gave detailed answers to the students’ questions. After years of study, Yang finally achieved his life goal as a great scholar. Modern Chinese society still retains the fine tradition of respecting teachers of high prestige and deep learning.Zhang Guimei, the principal of the Huaping Senior High School for Girls in southwest China's Yunnan Province,won the July 1 Medal in 2021. The medal is the highest honor for outstanding members in the Communist Party of China. She has been educating and aiding students in need, most of whom live in isolated and poor areas. 1 What's the theme of the story in the text? A. Deep respect for teachers. B. The building of friendship. C. The importance of teamwork. D. Harmony between man and nature. 2 Why did Yang Shi and You Zuo go to Cheng's home? A. To help with the snow. B. To discuss a new theory. C. To show their gratitude. D. To seek advice on an issue. 3 What character about Yang Shi is displayed by the story? A. Honesty and devotion. B. Courage and wisdom. C. Patience and politeness. D. Generosity and humor. 4 Zhang Guimei is mentioned in the last paragraph mainly as . A. an example B. a comparison C. a conclusion D. an exception · 参考答案： 本文讲述了“程门立雪”的成语故事。“程门立雪”代表着尊师重道、求学诚恳和坚持不懈的精神，成为尊师重道的千古美谈。 1.A 主旨大意题。根据本文所讲述的故事情节可知，“程门立雪”主要是讲的尊师重道的故事。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，杨时和他的朋友游酢在一个问题上有不同的看法，为了得到一个恰当的答案，他们一起在大雪天前往程顾家去请教。 3.C 推理判断题。根据故事情节描述可知，杨时和朋友选择在雪中静立等候，而不是打扰正在午睡的老师，表现了他的耐心和对老师的尊重。 4.A 推理判断题。文章最后一段第一句是该段的主题句，提到现代中国社会依然保留着尊敬德高望重、学识渊博的老师的优良传统，接着以张桂梅老师为例展开讲述。 难句分析 Attracted by Cheng's theory, Yang Shi, a talented,hard- working young man who loved reading and studying, worshiped Cheng as his mentor.杨时是一位才华横溢、勤奋好学且热爱读书的年轻人，他被程颐的学说所吸引，拜程颐为师。 Attracted by Cheng's theory 是过去分词短语，作原因状语； a talented, hard- working young man作 Yang Shi的同位语； who引导定语从句； worshiped 是主句的谓语动词。 · 参考译文： 中国著名成语“程门立雪”就是一个很好的例子，其字面意思是“在程家门前的雪地里站立”。其中，“程”指的是程颐，他是宋代的杰出哲学家之一。杨时是一位才华横溢、勤奋好学且热爱读书的年轻人，他被程颐的学说所吸引，拜程颐为师。 有一天，杨时和他的朋友游酢在一个问题上有不同的看法。为了得到一个恰当的答案，他们前往程颐家去请教。 当时正值隆冬时节。这两个人被风雪冻得瑟瑟发抖，他们把衣服紧紧地裹在身上，匆匆赶路。当他们到达程颐家时，看门人说先生正在睡午觉。这两位学生没有怨言。相反，他们选择不打扰老师，站在纷纷扬扬的大雪中，在门外等候着。 过了很久，程颐醒来后得知他的学生们已经在雪地里一动不动地站了一会儿了，便立刻邀请他们进屋。这时，积雪已经有一英尺厚了。程颐被杨时的耐心深深打动，便详细地回答了学生们的问题。经过多年的钻研学习，杨时最终实现了自己成为大儒的人生目标。 现代中国社会依然保留着尊敬德高望重、学识渊博的老师的优良传统。张桂梅是中国西南部云南省华坪县女子高级中学的校长，她荣获了2021年“七一勋章”。这一勋章是授予中国共产党优秀党员的最高荣誉。她一直致力于教育和资助有需要的学生，这些学生大多来自偏远贫困地区。 Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：中华美德 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 289 建议用时：8分钟 In China, family values are deeply rooted in traditional culture, emphasizing respect for elders and care for the young. Despite recent societal changes,family remains a central pillar in Chinese life. Key traditional values include education, harmony, and respect for elders, all resonating (共鸣) through modern life. 1 , seen as essential for personal and social development. Chinese families are not only crucial for individual success, but also for societal stability, embodying values such as loyalty and righteousness. Recent trends indicate a shift toward a"society of family-state," where familial ties link individuals to the state. Filial piety stands out as a foundational value, with children expected to support their parents,reflecting love and dedication. 2 , guiding relationships and cultural practices, and profoundly impacting both personal lives and business interactions. Understanding these dynamics is vital for navigating Chinese culture effectively. Chinese culture is heavily influenced by Confucianism, which regards family as the fundamental social unit. 3 . They provide individuals with their social context from birth to death. Family is vital in China, significantly impacting both business and society. Confucian thought emphasizes the family as the core of human relationships, laying the groundwork for social organization. Family is crucial for various reasons. It embodies values such as filial piety, loyalty, and support,offering a sense of belonging and identity. 4 , reflecting traditions that promote harmony and collective responsibility.* Filial piety, a key moral principle, underscores the duty to honor one's parents and ancestors, establishing a framework for social stability. 5 , but traditional virtues like respecting elders and providing support remain significant. In essence, family is seen as the cornerstone of life, where obligations to family surpass individual pursuits,playing an essential role in Chinese society. 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. Modern families may adapt to contemporary life B. Relationships are largely defined by familial ties C. For many, family is a reliable network throughout their lives D. Generally, family remains the cornerstone of Chinese society E. Traditional values highlight specific roles for men and women F. The influence of Confucianism stresses the importance of family G. Chinese values deeply impact individual growth within the culture · 参考答案： 中国文化深受儒家思想的影响，把家庭视为基本社会单元。家庭体现孝道、忠诚等价值观，是生活的基石。传统美德延续至今，家庭责任重于个人追求，其在个人生活、商业行为及社会稳定等方面均发挥着关键作用。 1.F 此空与下文“人们认为家庭对于个人和社会的发展都至关重要”在语义上是递进关系，F项“儒家思想的影响突显了家庭的重要性”恰好与之衔接，且下文中的 Chinese families are not only crucial for…, but also for…与 F项中的 the importance of family 相呼应。 2.D 下文“指导着人们之间的关系和文化习俗，并且对个人生活以及商业交往都产生了深远的影响”是对本空的解释说明。D项“总体而言，家庭依旧是中国社会的基石”符合语境。 3.B 此空与下文“家族关系从一个人出生到死亡，为其提供了所处的社会环境。”在语义上是并列关系，B项“人际关系在很大程度上由家族关系来界定。”恰好与之呼应，且下文主语 They 指代 B 项中的 familialties。 4.C 本段主要介绍了家庭至关重要的原因。C项“对许多人而言，家庭是他们一生当中可靠的关系网络”符合本段主题，且与下文“反映了那些倡导和谐与集体责任感的传统观念”衔接紧密，符合语境。 5.A 由空后的 but 可知，此空与下文“但像尊敬长辈和给予支持这样的传统美德依然意义重大”之间是转折关系， A项“现代家庭或许会适应当代生活”恰好与之衔接，且下文中的 the cornerstone of life与 A 项中的 adapt 对 contemporary life 相呼应。 难句分析 ● Filial piety, a key moral principle, underscores the dutyto honor one's parents and ancestors, establishing a framework for social stability.孝道作为一项关键的道德准则，强调了敬重父母和祖先的责任，为社会稳定奠定了基础。 ● a key moral principle作 Filial piety 的同位语; to honor...ancestors是动词不定式短语，作后置定语; establishing...stability 是现在分词短语，作结果状语。 · 参考译文： 在中国，家庭价值观深深植根于传统文化之中，强调尊老爱幼。尽管最近社会发生了一些变化，但家庭依然是中国人生活的核心支柱。主要的传统价值观包括重视教育、追求和谐以及尊敬长辈，这些价值观在现代生活中依然产生着共鸣。儒家思想的影响突显了家庭的重要性，人们认为家庭对于个人和社会的发展都至关重要。中国家庭不仅对个人的成功起着关键作用，而且对社会的稳定也至关重要，体现了诸如忠诚和正义等价值观。近期的发展趋势显示，社会正朝着“家国社会”的方向转变，在这种社会形态中，家庭纽带将个人与国家紧密联系在一起。 孝道作为一项基本价值观尤为突出，子女被期望赡养父母，这体现了爱与奉献。总体而言，家庭依旧是中国社会的基石，它指导着人们之间的关系和文化习俗，并且对个人生活以及商业交往都产生了深远的影响。理解这些内在关系对于有效地融入中国文化至关重要。 中国文化深受儒家思想的影响，儒家思想将家庭视为基本的社会单元。人际关系在很大程度上由家族关系来界定。家族关系从一个人出生到死亡，为其提供了所处的社会环境。在中国，家庭至关重要，对商业和社会都有着重大影响。儒家思想强调家庭是人际关系的核心，为社会组织奠定了基础。 家庭之所以至关重要，原因是多方面的。它体现了诸如孝道、忠诚和相互扶持等价值观，赋予人们一种归属感和身份认同感。对许多人而言，家庭是他们一生当中可靠的关系网络，反映了那些倡导和谐与集体责任感的传统观念。孝道作为一项关键的道德准则，强调了敬重父母和祖先的责任，为社会稳定奠定了基础。 现代家庭或许会适应当代生活，但像尊敬长辈和给予支持这样的传统美德依然意义重大。从本质上讲，家庭被视为生活的基石，在其中，对家庭所肩负的责任超越了个人追求，家庭在中国社会中发挥着至关重要的作用。 Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：美德故事 语篇类型：记叙文 词数:251 建议用时：12分钟 During the Qing Dynasty, a man named Zhang Ying acted as Minister of the Ministry of Rites. Zhang Ying grew up in Tongcheng County of Anhui Province,where his family 1 , and had long been next-door neighbors with the Wu family. One day, a(n) 2 arose when both families wanted to build a new house on the land. Each was 3 to have their way and refused to give up any of their lands to the other party. When they could not 4 the issue,Zhang Ying's family wrote a letter to Zhang in Beijing,asking him to 5 . Zhang Ying was an 6 person. After thinking it over, he wrote a poem to his family, saying:“A thousand miles this family letter has traveled, just for a 7 . Does it matter if you 8 three feet of land? * The Great Wall is still there today, yet Emperor Qin, who 9 the wall,is no longer there.” Zhang's family understood the 10 at once, and they 11 moved the wall back by three feet. When the Wu family saw this, they felt 12 . So they also moved their wall back by three feet, and as a result, a six-foot-wide lane was 13 between the courtyard walls of the two families. This story became the historically famous Six-Foot Lane tale. Although Zhang Ying 14 a little bit of land,he and his family gained 15 among their neighbors and a good name in history. 1 A. gathered B. searched C. resided D. separated 2 A. dispute B. accident C. difficulty D. emergency 3 A. anxious B. unwilling C. satisfied D. determined 4 A. raise B. handle C. settle D. understand 5 A. accept B. withdraw C. escape D. intervene 6 A. ideal B. official C. active D. intelligent 7 A. wall B. gift C. reward D. purpose 8 A. take care of B. let go of C. run out of D. take note of 9 A. found B. built C. repaired D. destroyed 10A. issue B. secret C. message D. notice 11 A. gradually B. voluntarily C. totally D. suddenly 12 A. frightened B. delighted C. puzzled D. ashamed 13 A. formed B. divided C. designed D. abandoned 14 A. lost B. expected C. insisted D. discovered 15 A. wealth B. harmony C. conflict D. knowledge · 参考答案： 清朝时，张英任礼部尚书，其家人在家乡安徽桐城与邻居吴家因建房用地发生纠纷。家人写信向他求助，张英赋诗劝和。家人领会后主动让地三尺，吴家深受触动也退后三尺，形成“六尺巷”。这个故事体现了谦让、宽容的传统美德，被后世传为佳话。 1.C 根据下文可知，安徽桐城是时任礼部尚书的张英家族世代居住的地方。 reside意为“居住在；定居于”，符合语境。 2.A 根据下文可知，张吴两家因为建房的事情产生了纠纷。 dispute意为“争论；纠纷”； accident意为“事故”； emergency意为“紧急情况”； difficulty意为“困难”。 3.D 根据下文中的 refused to give up 可知，两家的态度都非常强硬，拒绝让步。 anxious意为“焦虑的”；unwilling意为“不情愿的”； satisfied意为“满意的”；determined“坚定的；坚决的”。 4.C settle the issue意为“解决问题”，符合语境。 5.D 句意：……张英的家人给在北京的张英写了一封信，让他出面调解。 intervene意为“出面；介入”，符合语境。 6.D 根据下文可知，对这次家人和邻居之间的矛盾，张英的处理方式是非常明智的。 intelligent意为“有才智的；聪明的”，符合语境。 7.A 根据上下文可知，张吴两家矛盾的起源就是建房时的一堵墙。故选 wall。 8.B 根据下文可知，张英让家人让出三尺， B项符合语境。 take care of意为“照看；照顾”； let go of意为“放弃”； run out of意为“用完”； take note of意为“记笔记”。 9.B 根据常识可知，秦始皇是举世闻名的万里长城的“建造者”。 10.C 句意：张英的家人立刻明白了信中的意思……message意为“(书面或口头的)信息”，符合语境。 11.B 句意：……他们主动把墙往后退了三尺。 gradually意为“逐渐地”； voluntarily意为“主动地”； totally意为“总计”； suddenly意为“忽然”。 12.D 根据上下文可知，吴家看到这一情况后，感到很羞愧。 frightened意为“害怕的”； delighted意为“高兴的”； puzzled意为“迷惑不解的”； ashamed意为“羞愧的”。 13.A 在两家人都选择后退三尺后，一个六尺宽的小巷便形成了。 form意为“(使)形成”，符合语境。 14.A 根据上下文可知，张英的做法表面上来看是失去了三尺土地…… lost是 lose的过去式，意为“失去”，符合语境。 15.B 此处指收获了邻里间的和睦。 wealth意为“财富”； harmony意为“和谐”； conflict意为“冲突”；knowledge意为“知识”。 难句分析 ★ The Great Wall is still there today, yet Emperor Qin,who built the wall, is no longer there.长城万里今犹在，不见当年秦始皇。 yet连接表示转折关系的两个并列分句。第一个分句是一个简单句。在第二个分句中， who引导非限制性定语从句。 · 参考译文： 在清朝，有一位名叫张英的人担任礼部尚书。张英在他的家乡安徽省桐城县长大，他的家人就住在那里，并且长期以来一直与吴家是邻居。 一天，两家人都想在那块地上建新房，于是产生了纠纷。双方都坚决按自己的方式行事，谁也不肯把自家的土地让给对方。当这个问题无法解决时，张英的家人给在北京的张英写了一封信，让他出面调解。 张英是个聪慧的人。经过一番深思熟虑后，他给家人写了一首诗作为回信，诗中写道：“千里家书只为墙，让他三尺又何妨？长城万里今犹在，不见当年秦始皇。” 张英的家人立刻明白了信中的意思，他们主动把墙往后退了三尺。吴家看到这一情况后，感到很羞愧。于是他们也把自家的墙往后退了三尺，结果，两户人家的院墙之间就形成了一条六尺宽的小巷。 这个故事就成了历史上著名的“六尺巷”的故事。张英虽然因让出了一点点土地而有所损失，但他和他的家人却收获了邻里间的和睦，还在历史上留下了美名。 Passage 5 语法填空 主题语境：美德故事 语篇类型：说明文 词数:219 建议用时：7分钟 Respecting and taking care of the aged parents is regarded as a 1 (require) duty in China. Chinese people believe that only those 2 are concerned with and practice filial devotion to their parents would be honest, faithful, and grateful, always seeking to return others' kindness. There are many stories which show the filial respect in ancient China.“Taste Liquid Medicine for Mother” is 3 most famous one of them.The story tells us the filial virtue of Han Wendi. His mother had been sick for three years. He often stayed up by her bedside and 4 (nurse) her day and night. Chinese people would only take herbal medicine prescribed by Chinese doctors at the time. 5 giving such medicine to his mother, Han Wendi first tasted it 6 (ensure) it was not too hot or too bitter. Han Wendi was in power for 24 years. He governed the country with morals, and paid great attention to 7 (agriculture) development. As a result, the Western Han became a stable and prosperous society. This period 8 (know) as the“Peace and Prosperity During the Reign ofEmperors Wen and Jing” in history. 9 there are some parts of imagination in the story, Chinese people are 10 (deep)influenced and transformed by this model of filial virtue. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 · 参考答案： 本文讲述了汉文帝“亲尝汤药”的故事。汉文帝刘恒是历史上有名的仁孝皇帝，他侍母尝药的故事，在后世广为流传。 1. required 考查非谓语动词。作宾语，修饰名词 duty，且与 duty之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。 2. who 考查定语从句。先行词是 those，指代“那些人”，常用 who 引导定语从句。 3. the 考查冠词。形容词的最高级 most famous前，要用定冠词 the。 4. nursed 考查时态。 and 连接并列谓语，故此处时态应与 and 之前的 stayed一致。 5.Before 考查介词。根据上下文可推知，汉文帝在服侍自己的母亲吃药之前，都要亲自尝一下。故填Before。 6. to ensure 考查非谓语动词。作目的状语，故用动词不定式。 7. agricultural 考查词性转换。修饰名词 development，作定语，故用 agriculture的形容词形式。 8. is known 考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，这个时期就是历史上被我们熟知的“文景之治”。故用一般现在时的被动语态。 9. Though/ Although 考查连词。引导让步状语从句，故填 Though/ Although。 10. deeply 考查词性转换。修饰谓语 are influenced，故用副词 deeply作状语。 难句分析 Chinese people believe that only those who are concerned with and practice filial devotion to their parents would be honest, faithful, and grateful, always seeking to return others' kindness.中国人认为，只有那些关心父母、践行孝道的人才会诚实、守信、感恩，总会设法回报他人的恩情。 that 引导宾语从句。在宾语从句中， who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 those; are concerned和 practice是并列谓语。 · 参考译文： 在中国，尊敬和照顾年迈的父母被视为一项应尽的责任。中国人认为，只有那些关心父母、践行孝道的人才会诚实、守信、感恩，总会设法回报他人的恩情。 中国古代有许多彰显孝道的故事。其中，“亲尝汤药”是最为著名的故事之一。这个故事向我们讲述了汉文帝的孝顺美德。他的母亲病了三年之久。他常常守在母亲床前，日夜悉心照料。当时，中国人只服用中医开的草药。在给母亲喂药之前，汉文帝会先尝一尝，以确保药的温度既不太烫，味道也不太苦。 汉文帝在位24年。他以德治国，并且非常重视农业发展。因此，西汉社会变得稳定而繁荣。这一时期在历史上被称为“文景之治”。 尽管这个故事中存在一些想象的成分，但中国人深受这种孝道典范的影响，并在其感染下有所改变。 考点积累 Passage 1阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 第 10 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 appearance n. 外貌; 外观 2 elegance n.优雅; 高雅 3 withstand v. 承受; 经受住 4 be known as 以……而闻名 5 in common with 与……相同; 和……有共同点 6 come into vogue流行起来; 开始流行 7 attach importance to 重视 8 have a preference for偏爱 经典句式 Plucking chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, I calmly view the southern hills... (现在分词短语 Plucking chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge 作伴随状语) Passage 2 阅读理解 B 单词短语 1 literally adv. 按字面; 字面上 2 talented adj.有才能的; 天才的 3 disturb v.打扰 4 aware adj.知道; 意识到; 明白 5 isolated adj.偏远的; 孤立的 6 take a nap 小睡一会儿 7 achieve one’ s goal 达到目的 经典句式 In order to get a proper answer, they went to Cheng's home for advice. (In order to... 作目的状语) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 stability n.稳定 (性); 稳固(性) 2 indicate v.指出, 显示 3 underscore v.强调; 突出 4 be deeply rooted in 深深扎根于 5 regard... as 把……看成 6 from birth to death从出生到死亡 经典句式 Despite recent societal changes, family remains a central pillar in Chinese life. (介词短语作让步状语) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 arise v.发生; 产生; 出现 2 matter v.要紧; 有重大影响 3 give up 放弃 4 think over仔细考虑 5 no longer 不再 6 as a result因此; 结果 7 a little bit of一点点 经典句式 Does it matter if you let go of three feet of land? ( Does it matter if... 意为“如果……要紧吗/关系大吗?”，表示这件事并不要紧) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 aged adj.年迈的 2 govern v.统治; 治理 3 stable adj.稳定的 4 transform v.转换; 改造 5 take care of 照料; 照顾 6 be regarded as 被看成; 被当作 7 be concerned with 关心 经典句式 Respecting and taking care of the aged parents is regarded as a required duty in China. (动名词短语作主语) · 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 admire v.仰慕；钦佩 2 virtue n.美德 3 preference n.偏爱 4 familial ties 家庭关系 5 a sense of belonging归属感 6 practice filial devotion 践行孝道 7 loyalty and righteousness 忠诚与正义 8 return one's kindness 回报某人善意 9 teachers of high prestige 德高望重的老师 10 lay the groundwork for 奠定……的基础 11 honor one's parents and ancestors 孝敬父母和祖辈 12 respect for elders and care for the young 尊老爱幼 13 retain the fine tradition of 坚守……的优良传统 14 a symbol of vitality and longevity 活力和长寿的象征 15 honorable conduct and nobility of character 举止文明，品德高尚 话题重点句、亮点句 1 My parents are getting old, and we should spend more time with them. We' ll come back more frequently and we are considering taking them to the city to live with us.【译林版必修2】我的父母年纪渐长，我们应当多陪伴他们。我们会更频繁地回家看望，同时也考虑接他们到城里和我们同住。 2 Moreover, traditional festivals enable us to learn more about fine Chinese values.【译林版必修2】此外，传统节日让我们得以更深入地领悟中华优秀价值观。 3 It's a wonderful thing to be back together with my family and talk of old times.【北师大版必修1】与家人团聚，共话往事，真是人生乐事。 4 Now the gold is yours, because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.【人教版必修3】现在，这黄金属于你了，因为你是唯一一个领悟到了我想要传授给我的子民的道理的人。 5 We should set a good example for our children and pass down our traditional beliefs to the next generation.【冀教版必修3】我们应该为我们的孩子树立一个好榜样，把我们的传统信仰传给下一代。 6 The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting. They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【2020·新课标Ⅱ卷】梅花是第一个开花的，即使雪正在融化。它们代表着春天的希望和生命的更新。 7 The Chinese character for honesty is a fusion of various elements that convey integrity, sincerity, and moral uprightness.“诚”字融合了多种元素，传达了正直、真诚和道德正直。 $ 用英语讲述中国传统文化之传统文化阅读 ( 传统美德 ) Passage 1阅读理解A 主题语境：中华美德 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 349 建议用时：7分钟 Plum blossoms, orchids, bamboo and chrysanthemums are known as the four gentlemen in China because these plants’ natural character has something in common with human virtues. They have all long been featured in ancient paintings and poems. Plum blossoms Plum blossoms are cold-resistant flowers that bloom in early spring. According to historical records, plum blossoms appeared on drawing paper 1,600 years ago.Painting plum blossoms came into vogue during the Northern Song Dynasty; at that time, the most famous painter was the Buddhist monk Zhong Ren, who created a unique way of drawing with Chinese ink, controlling its shades to give the painting a very active appearance. Orchids Grown in deep mountain valleys, the orchid is one of the top ten well-known flowers in China. Orchids are equal to elegance in Chinese people's eyes. The greatest orchid painter was Zheng Banqiao in the Qing Dynasty,who attached great importance to the nature of orchids.* He had a preference for painting wild orchids, and he planted potted orchids by himself and transplanted them in the mountain after spring with the expectation of them growing naturally. Bamboo In traditional Chinese culture, bamboo is a symbol of vitality and longevity, which usually relates to the man who has honorable conduct and nobility of character.Silently grown in desolate mountains, bamboo is very slim with joints on their stem and their leaves are like scabbards (鞘). Their firm and indomitable (不屈不挠的) willpower was admired by many ancient literati (文人) and painters. Famous poet Su Shi once wrote down“Rather eat without meat than live without bamboo” in his poem to express his deep love for bamboo. Chrysanthemums When nearly all the flowers are withered and bare in late autumn only the chrysanthemums withstand the heavy frost and bloom energetically in graceful shapes and bright colors. Chrysanthemums have been given more meanings under the pen of literati. The most well-known verse about chrysanthemums is“Plucking chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge,I calmly view the southern hills”,which comes from the famous poet Tao Yuanming's poem Drinking, showing the leisure of Tao's reclusive(隐居的)life. 1 What does the underlined word“vogue” probably mean in Paragraph2? A. View. B. Action. C. Effect. D. Fashion. 2 What did Zheng Banqiao value most about orchids? A. The flower. B. The nature. C. The smell. D. The color. 3 What did Su Shi and Tao Yuanming have in common? A. They were experienced at gardening. B. They were expert in painting flowers. C. They preferred to live alone in remote areas. D. They expressed their love for plants by writing poems. 4 Who showed love for flowers in their natural surroundings? A. Zhong Ren. B. Zheng Banqiao. C. Su Shi. D. Tao Yuanming. Passage 2 阅读理解B 主题语境：中华美德 语篇类型：记叙文 词数: 295 建议用时：6分钟 The famous Chinese idiom, “Cheng Men LiXue”, which literally means“standing in the snow at the gate of Cheng's home”, is a wonderful example. “Cheng”refers to Cheng Yi, one of the leading philosophers in the Song Dynasty. * Attracted by Cheng's theory, Yang Shi, a talented, hard-working young man who loved reading and studying, worshipped Cheng as his mentor(良师). One day, Yang and his friend You Zuo had different opinions on one question. In order to get a proper answer,they went to Cheng's home for advice. It was in the middle of winter. Feeling frozen by the wind and snow, the two men wrapped themselves tightly in their clothes and hurried on. When they arrived at Cheng's place, the gatekeeper said the master was taking a nap. The two students did not complain. Instead, they chose not to disturb the teacher and waited outside the door, standing in heavy snowfall. After quite some time, Cheng upon waking up became aware that his students had been standing still in the snow for a while and immediately invited them to come in. By this time, the snowfall was already one foot thick. Deeply moved by Yang's patience, Cheng gave detailed answers to the students’ questions. After years of study, Yang finally achieved his life goal as a great scholar. Modern Chinese society still retains the fine tradition of respecting teachers of high prestige and deep learning.Zhang Guimei, the principal of the Huaping Senior High School for Girls in southwest China's Yunnan Province,won the July 1 Medal in 2021. The medal is the highest honor for outstanding members in the Communist Party of China. She has been educating and aiding students in need, most of whom live in isolated and poor areas. 1 What's the theme of the story in the text? A. Deep respect for teachers. B. The building of friendship. C. The importance of teamwork. D. Harmony between man and nature. 2 Why did Yang Shi and You Zuo go to Cheng's home? A. To help with the snow. B. To discuss a new theory. C. To show their gratitude. D. To seek advice on an issue. 3 What character about Yang Shi is displayed by the story? A. Honesty and devotion. B. Courage and wisdom. C. Patience and politeness. D. Generosity and humor. 4 Zhang Guimei is mentioned in the last paragraph mainly as . A. an example B. a comparison C. a conclusion D. an exception Passage 3 七选五阅读 主题语境：中华美德 语篇类型：说明文 词数: 289 建议用时：8分钟 In China, family values are deeply rooted in traditional culture, emphasizing respect for elders and care for the young. Despite recent societal changes,family remains a central pillar in Chinese life. Key traditional values include education, harmony, and respect for elders, all resonating (共鸣) through modern life. 1 , seen as essential for personal and social development. Chinese families are not only crucial for individual success, but also for societal stability, embodying values such as loyalty and righteousness. Recent trends indicate a shift toward a"society of family-state," where familial ties link individuals to the state. Filial piety stands out as a foundational value, with children expected to support their parents,reflecting love and dedication. 2 , guiding relationships and cultural practices, and profoundly impacting both personal lives and business interactions. Understanding these dynamics is vital for navigating Chinese culture effectively. Chinese culture is heavily influenced by Confucianism, which regards family as the fundamental social unit. 3 . They provide individuals with their social context from birth to death. Family is vital in China, significantly impacting both business and society. Confucian thought emphasizes the family as the core of human relationships, laying the groundwork for social organization. Family is crucial for various reasons. It embodies values such as filial piety, loyalty, and support,offering a sense of belonging and identity. 4 , reflecting traditions that promote harmony and collective responsibility.* Filial piety, a key moral principle, underscores the duty to honor one's parents and ancestors, establishing a framework for social stability. 5 , but traditional virtues like respecting elders and providing support remain significant. In essence, family is seen as the cornerstone of life, where obligations to family surpass individual pursuits,playing an essential role in Chinese society. 阅读短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A. Modern families may adapt to contemporary life B. Relationships are largely defined by familial ties C. For many, family is a reliable network throughout their lives D. Generally, family remains the cornerstone of Chinese society E. Traditional values highlight specific roles for men and women F. The influence of Confucianism stresses the importance of family G. Chinese values deeply impact individual growth within the culture Passage 4完形填空 主题语境：美德故事 语篇类型：记叙文 词数:251 建议用时：12分钟 During the Qing Dynasty, a man named Zhang Ying acted as Minister of the Ministry of Rites. Zhang Ying grew up in Tongcheng County of Anhui Province,where his family 1 , and had long been next-door neighbors with the Wu family. One day, a(n) 2 arose when both families wanted to build a new house on the land. Each was 3 to have their way and refused to give up any of their lands to the other party. When they could not 4 the issue,Zhang Ying's family wrote a letter to Zhang in Beijing,asking him to 5 . Zhang Ying was an 6 person. After thinking it over, he wrote a poem to his family, saying:“A thousand miles this family letter has traveled, just for a 7 . Does it matter if you 8 three feet of land? * The Great Wall is still there today, yet Emperor Qin, who 9 the wall,is no longer there.” Zhang's family understood the 10 at once, and they 11 moved the wall back by three feet. When the Wu family saw this, they felt 12 . So they also moved their wall back by three feet, and as a result, a six-foot-wide lane was 13 between the courtyard walls of the two families. This story became the historically famous Six-Foot Lane tale. Although Zhang Ying 14 a little bit of land,he and his family gained 15 among their neighbors and a good name in history. 1 A. gathered B. searched C. resided D. separated 2 A. dispute B. accident C. difficulty D. emergency 3 A. anxious B. unwilling C. satisfied D. determined 4 A. raise B. handle C. settle D. understand 5 A. accept B. withdraw C. escape D. intervene 6 A. ideal B. official C. active D. intelligent 7 A. wall B. gift C. reward D. purpose 8 A. take care of B. let go of C. run out of D. take note of 9 A. found B. built C. repaired D. destroyed 10A. issue B. secret C. message D. notice 11 A. gradually B. voluntarily C. totally D. suddenly 12 A. frightened B. delighted C. puzzled D. ashamed 13 A. formed B. divided C. designed D. abandoned 14 A. lost B. expected C. insisted D. discovered 15 A. wealth B. harmony C. conflict D. knowledge Passage 5 语法填空 主题语境：美德故事 语篇类型：说明文 词数:219 建议用时：7分钟 Respecting and taking care of the aged parents is regarded as a 1 (require) duty in China. Chinese people believe that only those 2 are concerned with and practice filial devotion to their parents would be honest, faithful, and grateful, always seeking to return others' kindness. There are many stories which show the filial respect in ancient China.“Taste Liquid Medicine for Mother” is 3 most famous one of them.The story tells us the filial virtue of Han Wendi. His mother had been sick for three years. He often stayed up by her bedside and 4 (nurse) her day and night. Chinese people would only take herbal medicine prescribed by Chinese doctors at the time. 5 giving such medicine to his mother, Han Wendi first tasted it 6 (ensure) it was not too hot or too bitter. Han Wendi was in power for 24 years. He governed the country with morals, and paid great attention to 7 (agriculture) development. As a result, the Western Han became a stable and prosperous society. This period 8 (know) as the“Peace and Prosperity During the Reign ofEmperors Wen and Jing” in history. 9 there are some parts of imagination in the story, Chinese people are 10 (deep)influenced and transformed by this model of filial virtue. 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 考点积累 Passage 1阅读理解A 单词短语 ( 第 10 页 共 11 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 appearance n. 外貌; 外观 2 elegance n.优雅; 高雅 3 withstand v. 承受; 经受住 4 be known as 以……而闻名 5 in common with 与……相同; 和……有共同点 6 come into vogue流行起来; 开始流行 7 attach importance to 重视 8 have a preference for偏爱 经典句式 Plucking chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, I calmly view the southern hills... (现在分词短语 Plucking chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge 作伴随状语) Passage 2 阅读理解 B 单词短语 1 literally adv. 按字面; 字面上 2 talented adj.有才能的; 天才的 3 disturb v.打扰 4 aware adj.知道; 意识到; 明白 5 isolated adj.偏远的; 孤立的 6 take a nap 小睡一会儿 7 achieve one’ s goal 达到目的 经典句式 In order to get a proper answer, they went to Cheng's home for advice. (In order to... 作目的状语) Passage 3 七选五阅读 单词短语 1 stability n.稳定 (性); 稳固(性) 2 indicate v.指出, 显示 3 underscore v.强调; 突出 4 be deeply rooted in 深深扎根于 5 regard... as 把……看成 6 from birth to death从出生到死亡 经典句式 Despite recent societal changes, family remains a central pillar in Chinese life. (介词短语作让步状语) Passage 4 完形填空 单词短语 1 arise v.发生; 产生; 出现 2 matter v.要紧; 有重大影响 3 give up 放弃 4 think over仔细考虑 5 no longer 不再 6 as a result因此; 结果 7 a little bit of一点点 经典句式 Does it matter if you let go of three feet of land? ( Does it matter if... 意为“如果……要紧吗/关系大吗?”，表示这件事并不要紧) Passage 5 语法填空 单词短语 1 aged adj.年迈的 2 govern v.统治; 治理 3 stable adj.稳定的 4 transform v.转换; 改造 5 take care of 照料; 照顾 6 be regarded as 被看成; 被当作 7 be concerned with 关心 经典句式 Respecting and taking care of the aged parents is regarded as a required duty in China. (动名词短语作主语) · 语料积累 话题高频词汇 1 admire v.仰慕；钦佩 2 virtue n.美德 3 preference n.偏爱 4 familial ties 家庭关系 5 a sense of belonging归属感 6 practice filial devotion 践行孝道 7 loyalty and righteousness 忠诚与正义 8 return one's kindness 回报某人善意 9 teachers of high prestige 德高望重的老师 10 lay the groundwork for 奠定……的基础 11 honor one's parents and ancestors 孝敬父母和祖辈 12 respect for elders and care for the young 尊老爱幼 13 retain the fine tradition of 坚守……的优良传统 14 a symbol of vitality and longevity 活力和长寿的象征 15 honorable conduct and nobility of character 举止文明，品德高尚 话题重点句、亮点句 1 My parents are getting old, and we should spend more time with them. We' ll come back more frequently and we are considering taking them to the city to live with us.【译林版必修2】我的父母年纪渐长，我们应当多陪伴他们。我们会更频繁地回家看望，同时也考虑接他们到城里和我们同住。 2 Moreover, traditional festivals enable us to learn more about fine Chinese values.【译林版必修2】此外，传统节日让我们得以更深入地领悟中华优秀价值观。 3 It's a wonderful thing to be back together with my family and talk of old times.【北师大版必修1】与家人团聚，共话往事，真是人生乐事。 4 Now the gold is yours, because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.【人教版必修3】现在，这黄金属于你了，因为你是唯一一个领悟到了我想要传授给我的子民的道理的人。 5 We should set a good example for our children and pass down our traditional beliefs to the next generation.【冀教版必修3】我们应该为我们的孩子树立一个好榜样，把我们的传统信仰传给下一代。 6 The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting. They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【2020·新课标Ⅱ卷】梅花是第一个开花的，即使雪正在融化。它们代表着春天的希望和生命的更新。 7 The Chinese character for honesty is a fusion of various elements that convey integrity, sincerity, and moral uprightness.“诚”字融合了多种元素，传达了正直、真诚和道德正直。 $