Unit5课文、书后题、课文重点短语讲解 -2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

八下单元重点【U5】Looking into nature Understanding ideas Secrets caught in time 1 Imagine a dinosaur in an ancient forest. It is running around looking for its next meal. · 讲：辨析look for, find与find out look for 意为“寻找”，强调“寻找”这一动作，但不一定能找到。 find 意为“找到；发现”，强调“找到”这一结果。 find out 意为查明，弄清（情况），指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。 e.g.: I looked for my pen everywhere, but I couldn’t find it. I want to find out who took it away. 我到处找我的钢笔，但没找到。我想弄清楚是谁拿走了它。 练： 用 look for/find/find out 的适当形式填空 1. My brother looked for his basketball, but he didn’t find it. 2. The police are trying to find out the truth of the accident. 3. — What are you looking for? — My English book. I can’t remember where I put it. 4. I found a wallet on the playground yesterday and gave it to the teacher. 5. Let’s find out when the train leaves. With an angry cry, it opens its mouth, raises its beautiful feather-covered arms, and... 2 Wait, feathers on a dinosaur? For hundreds of years, people believed that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. Just look at all those dinosaurs in books, films and TV shows! However, thanks to a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong. In the amber from Southeast Asia, they found the tail of a dinosaur - with feathers. 3 These beautiful golden stones quietly keep pieces of the past. They can tell us whether dinosaurs had feathers, but that's not all. · 讲：whether /ˈweð ə/ conj.是否 ［连词］用于表示选择或对某事不确定，常用来引导宾语从句，有时可与if互换；whether可以和动词不定式或or not连用。 结构： 1. whether + 从句 2. whether or not 3. whether to do sth. e.g.: —Most of us don’t know whether/if we will have a picnic this weekend. 我们大多数人都不知道这个周末是否会去野餐。 —Our teachers haven’t decided whether to go or not. 我们的老师还没有决定去还是不去。 练： Could you tell me whether this story is true or not? She hasn’t decided whether to go (go)shopping or stay at home. 请告诉我这个消息是否是真的。Please tell me whether/if the news is true. 【拓】［连词］不管……（还是），或者……（或者） 常与or （not）连用，引导让步状语从句。 Whether you are a student or a teacher, running is a great way to keep fit. They also help us understand that life on earth has always changed. A piece of amber from Northern Europe, for example, holds a flower. This species no longer grows in this area. · 讲：no longer ≈ not...any longer 不再 常用于系动词be、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。 e.g.: Thanks to the government and workers’ efforts, pandas are no longer endangered now. 练：The doctor told her she could no longer play basketball. = The doctor told her she couldn’t play basketball any longer. But the find proves that it did 35 million years ago. In the future, amber may also help us discover if other species have changed over time. 4 Thanks to amber, more than 300 unknown species have been discovered. In a piece of amber from Africa, scientists found 13 ants. Research shows that they are a completely new species. Scientists used to believe that ants came from the northern half of the earth. · 讲：辨析 used to do sth./ be used to doing sth./ be used to do sth. used to do sth. 表示"过去经常做某事",只用于一般过去时,常与现在进行对比 be used to (doing) sth. 表示"习惯(做)某事" be used to do sth. 表示"被用来做某事"，为被动语态 ▲to的词性 练： 用used to do/ be used to doing/ be used to do的适当形式填空 1. —Your brother runs very fast now! —Yes. But you can't imagine that he used to hate running when he was a child. He is used to getting up early to practise every morning now. 2. The traffic in the city used to be terrible. But everything has changed. I think you will be used to it soon. 3. Paper cuttings are used to decorate people's houses during special festivals. 4. 刀被用来切东西。Knives are used to cut things. 5. 他习惯早起。He is used to getting up early. 6. 她过去常步行上学，现在不这样了。She used to walk to school. The discovery of this African species has changed old beliefs about the history of ants. · 讲：（1）African /ˈæfrɪkən/ adj.非洲的，非洲人的 / Cn. 非洲人 复数Africans →n. Africa 非洲 e.g.: The African elephant is the largest land animal on Earth. I used to teach English as a volunteer in Africa. 练习：用African/ Africa 适当形式填空 Those will come to China next year. Do you know the pyramids in ? If you go to see them, you may meet many . They will show you some dances. 你知道非洲的金字塔吗？ · 讲：（2）belief Cn.观点、信仰 ; UCn. 信念 →v. believe相信 →adj. believable可信的 →adj.【反】 unbelievable难以置信的 e.g.: The people still follow their traditional beliefs. 那些人仍然遵循传统的观点/信仰。 Cn. When you get something wrong, it can shake your belief in yourself. 如果有什么事情没做好，就会动摇你对自己的信心。UCn. e.g.: She has a strong belief that hard work brings success. Do you believe there are aliens in the universe? His story about finding a lost dog is believable. The view from the top of the mountain is unbelievable. 练： 用belief/believe/believable的适当形式填空。(可重复使用) 1. The news that he won the game made us really surprised. It was unbelievable! 2. Believing in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 3. People with different beliefs can still get along well with each other. 4. A believable plan is easier to get others' support. Who knows whether this piece of amber will tell us more secrets? 5 As a window on the past, amber has been much studied. However, it's still not fully understood. We should put more effort into research. Then we can use this key to unlock more secrets of nature. P70 根据课文回答问题： Choose where you are most likely to read this passage. a In a popular science magazine about findings in nature b in a newspaper report on exhibitions about dinosaurs c in a sci-fi book about travelling 160 million years into the past Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. Amber shows us 1 secrets caught in time. It shows us what ancient species looked like. 2 Thanks to a piece of amber, scientists know that dinosaurs had feathers. It helps us understand that life on earth has 3 always changed. A piece of amber proves that a species of flower grew in Northern Europe 4 35 million years ago. It helps us discover new species. More than 300 5 unknown species have been discovered. Scientists found a new species of 6 ants in a piece of amber from Africa. Amber is a(n)8 window on the past, and a key to unlock more secrets of 8 nature. Developing ideas Plants for life 1 Nature presents us with endless wonders. · 讲：endless /ˈendləs/ adj.无数的，无限的 由“end（n.末尾）+-less”构成，指在空间、时间或数量上的持续。 也形容感觉不会结束的，通常带有负面情绪，表示令人厌倦 →adv. endlessly 没完没了地 endless time 无限的时间 endless talk 喋喋不休的谈话 endless homework 没完没了的作业 e.g.: I love this country. People here seemed to have endless energy. The meeting seemed endless. She talked endlessly about her new pet. 练：endless / endlessly 填空 We walked through the endless forest and finally found our way out. The old man sat there and talked endlessly about his past life. The possibilities are endless, so we should make good preparation. Most people get interested and ask questions. But one person took his interest all the way to the fields. · 讲：all the way 完全地；无保留地；一路上；自始至终 e.g.: I agree with you all the way on this plan. I kept thinking about the problem all the way along the trip. He stayed by his mother’s side all the way during her illness. 【拓】与way (…路) 有关短语 in the way 挡路；妨碍 in this way 用这种方法 on the way (to...) 在去…… 的路上 by the way 顺便说一下 all the way 一路上；专程 lose one’s way 迷路 e.g.: The bike is in the way. Please move it. I met my teacher on the way to school. By the way, do you know where the library is? You can improve your English in this way. She came all the way from Canada to visit us. The little boy lost his way in the forest. 练：适当形式填空 （备选短语：in the way, on the way, by the way, in this way, all the way, lose one’s way） 1. Don’t stand here. You are in the way of the traffic. 2. My mother bought some fruit on the way home from work. 3. By the way, could you lend me your dictionary? I left mine at home. 4. If you practice speaking English every day, you can learn it well in this way. 5. They drove all the way from Beijing to Shanghai for the music festival. 6. Be careful when you go out alone. Don’t lose your way. He was born in the flowering season of early summer, and made plants his life. For over 70 years, he explored China to study the country's plants. · 讲：country /ˈkʌntri/ Cn.国，国家 复数 countries 练： How many countries (country) are there in Asia? 【拓】 the country乡村；乡下 = the countryside （the不省略） e.g.: I want to live in the country with my grandma. 我想和我的奶奶住在乡下。 练：判断句子中 country / the country 的含义，将序号填入括号： A. 国家 B. 乡村 1. They moved to the country because they hated the noise of the city. ( ) 2. Japan is an island country in Asia. ( ) 3. Have you ever traveled to foreign countries? ( ) 4. The children are flying kites in the country. ( ) 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B This person was Wang Wencai. 2 Throughout his life, Professor Wang worked hard to research the world of plants in China. He discovered and named about 1,370 new plant species. To carry out his research, he spent years in wild mountains and forests. · 讲：carry out 进行/ 完成（任务）/ 推行， 履行/ 实施 carry out 进行 含有“按照某个要求或准则进行”的意思，其宾语往往是表示工作、活动、职责、命令等的词 e.g.: Li Hua’s study group carried out an experiment to model the greenhouse effect. 李华的学习小组进行了一项实验，以模拟温室效应。 Make sure you have prepared everything well before you carry out the plan．确保你在实施计划之前已经做好了一切准备。 练：判断carry out意思 The doctors are carrying out a research on the new vaccine. 医生们正在进行一项关于新型疫苗的研究。 He is determined to carry out his promise to his parents. 他决心履行他对父母的承诺。 This project is hard to carry out, but we must try our best to finish it. 这个项目很难实施，但我们必须尽力完成。 Once, he fell seriously ill while doing field work in Yunnan. · 讲： fall ill生病 fall过去式为fell, 过去分词为fallen 此处fall用作不及物(及物不及物？)动词，表示“进入（某状态）”，常见的还有 fall asleep“入睡”。 e.g.: He fell ill last month and had to stay in bed. He was so tired and fell asleep on the sofa. 【句式分析】本句中while引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语 he 和 be 动词 was，完整表达为 while he was doing field work in Yunnan Though he nearly died, Wang never stopped his work. He lost sight in his right eye at the age of 83. · 讲：sight n.视力，视觉 ; 看见 ; 景象,景点 in sight看得见 come into sight进入视野 out of sight看不见,在视野范围外 at first sight第一眼,乍一看 lose sight失去视力 eg：1. After walking for an hour, a small village was finally in sight. 2. The little cat ran around the corner and was soon out of sight. 3. The old house didn't look special at first sight, but it had a long history. 4. When we climbed to the top of the hill, a beautiful lake came into sight. 练：根据汉语提示补全句子。 1. As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields came into sight (进入视野). 2. I like this book at first sight (第一眼) because of the amazing cover. 3. She never lets her daughter out of her sight (脱离她的视线). But he didn't let anybody know. · 讲：anybody /ˈeniˌbɒdi/ pron.任何人 = anyone ［复合不定代词］ 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句 肯定句中，表示“随便哪个人” e.g.: Did anybody hear of such a thing? He didn’t want to team up with anybody. If anybody comes, ask him to wait. 条件句 Anybody can see that it’s wrong. 随便哪个人都可以看出这是错的。 练： 汉译英—（这儿）有人吗？Is anybody here? Anybody knows (know) the answer to this easy question. Anybody who breaks (break) the rule will be punished. With a magnifier in hand, he still carried on with his researches for another 10 years. 3 Despite his huge success, Wang seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. · 讲：wealth /welθ/ UCn.财富/ 大量；众多 a wealth of...大量/许多…… →adj. wealthy 富裕的；富有的 the wealthy 富人；有钱人 e.g.: Reading can bring us a wealth of knowledge. The wealthy in this town often help the poor. Health is much more important than wealth. 练：用wealth适当形式填空 Red means good luck and happiness, green means health, and yellow means wealth. The wealthy gave from their excess, but she gave all she had. 有钱人给出的只是他们多余的一部分，但是她付出的却是全部。 We can get a wealth of information on the internet.我们可以在网上得到大量信息。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. —— Benjamin Franklin早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。——本杰明·富兰克林 Although he received the First Class Award of National Natural Science Awards twice, he hardly mentioned it. · 讲：hardly /ˈhɑ:dli/ adv.几乎不 表示否定含义 常用于实义动词之前，系动词be、情态动词或助动词之后 e.g.: The shy girl hardly talked to people in social activities. He could hardly believe his eyes. ▲注意hardly 本身表示否定含义，不应与 not 或其他否定词连用， 可与 any 连用 There’s hardly any milk. 几乎没有牛奶了。 There’s hardly no milk.（×） ▲辨析hardly与hard hardly 副词adv. “几乎不”，表示否定含义 hard 副词adv. 努力地；猛烈地 形容词adj. 困难的；坚硬的；努力的 e.g.: This math problem is hard. adj.难的 She is a hard student. adj.努力的 He studies hard every day. adv. 努力地 It is raining hard outside. adv. 猛烈地 She hardly eats any meat. 几乎不吃 练：hardly/ hard选词填空 She is very lazy, so she hardly ever does her homework. It snowed hard last night, and the ground is white now. They tried hard to finish the task on time. For him, the award belonged to the team, and he was just doing his job. · 讲：belong to属于 ▲ 无被动、无进行 ＋ “人”的名词或人称代词的宾格形式/ 团体 组织 e.g.: This book belongs to the school library. The bike belongs to him. 练：补全句子/ 汉译英 Success belongs to the hard-working people in the end. 成功最终属于努力的人。 I belong to the tennis club. 我是这个网球俱乐部的成员。 这把吉他不属于我，它是我朋友的。This guitar doesn’t belong to me. It’s my friend’s. 【拓】belong to+名词/人称代词宾格 = be+名词所有格/名词性物主代词 e.g.: The hat belongs to me. = The hat is mine. In fact, Wang was always quiet about his achievements. He was such a great scientist. · 讲：such a/an + adj.+可数名词单数 一个如此/非常……的……，强调程度。 such + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 ▲ such修饰n. 名词前有 many/much/few/little（表数量）时，不用 such，用 so（例：so many books 如此多的书） e.g.: It’s such a beautiful flower. She has such nice hair. 【拓】区分so/ such （如此、这么…） 修饰的对象 so adv. adj./ adv. such adj. n./ 名词短语 e.g.: The flower is so beautiful. He runs so fast. （口诀） 名前 such，形副 so，多多少少还用 so（so many/much/few/little 为固定搭配，不能用 such） e.g.: so many books 这么多书/ so much water这么多水 练：so/ such填空 This is such an exciting movie that everyone loves it. It’s a pity to waste such delicious food. The boy runs so quickly that no one can catch up with him. There is so much homework today that I can’t watch TV. We have so few apples left that we need to buy some more. 同义句转换 You got an A again. You’re such a good learner（= so good a learner）! This is such an interesting book. = This is so interesting a book. She is such a careful student. She is so careful a student. But for a long time, even his granddaughter had no idea. 4 Plants grow and sleep with the seasons. So did Professor Wang. · （倒装结构）……也一样：so + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语 【特别提醒】 使用该结构时要注意两点：①前后两个句子的主语不同；②be动词、助动词、情态动词在时态上要和前句的谓语动词保持一致，在数上要与本句主语保持一致。 e.g.: Daming is good at maths, and so am I. 练： 蒂娜喜欢读书，我也是。 Tina likes reading books, and so do I. 他们会游泳，我们也会。 They can swim. So can we. 否定情况 Neither/Nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语. 意为“……也不是” e.g.: Jim hasn’t been to Australia and neither have I. 练：— Tom didn’t pass the math exam. — Neither did his brother. They both spent too much time playing games. 【拓】表示赞同，的确如此 （不倒装）：So+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词. 前后两个句子的主语是同一个人或物。 e.g.: —Judy practices her oral English hard every day. 朱迪每天努力练习英语口语。 —So she does.的确如此。 练：同义句转化 Tom studies hard. His teacher says Tom studies hard. Tom studies hard. So he does, his teacher says. He passed away at the age of 96 with the falling leaves of autumn. · 讲：pass away去世（委婉说法） / 消失,消逝 ▲ 不及物 无被动 e.g.: People usually say “pass away” instead of “die” to show respect. As the sun rose, the mist passed away slowly. 太阳升起时，薄雾渐渐消散了。 练： pass away 适当形式填空，并判断其在句中意思 His grandpa passed away last year. 他的祖父去年过世了。 All the trouble will pass away. 所有的麻烦都将消失。 When people came to say goodbye, they didn't hear any sad notes. Instead, they got to listen to Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony. 贝多芬的《田园交响曲》 · 讲：（1）instead adv. 而是 辨析instead of与instead instead of 介词短语，意为“代替；而不是”。 可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 instead 副词，意为“代替； 而是”。 可置于句首或句末。置于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的部分隔开。 e.g.: When you go shopping, use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. Mum, you’re too tired. Let me sweep the floor instead. They didn’t go hiking. Instead, they went to the beach. 练： 句型转换（每空一词） 1. He didn't write to his pen pal. He sent him an e-mail instead. → He sent his pen pal an e-mail instead of writing to him. 2. She doesn't buy snacks. She makes snacks at home instead. → She makes snacks at home instead of buying them. 他没有放弃，反而更加努力地学习。 He didn't give up. He studied harder instead. 我们应该用可再生能源代替化石燃料。 We should use renewable energy instead of fossil fuels. · 讲：（2）get to do sth. 有机会做某事 = have a chance to do sth. to do作宾语，不能替换为doing / get to + learn/ know/ understand/ (认知、能力) 逐渐具备做某事的能力， e.g.: We got to meet the famous scientist at the meeting last week. 有幸见到 As you live in the city longer, you get to know the local culture better. 越了解 练： He didn't have the opportunity to talk with the foreign teacher.（改为同义句） He didn't get to talk with the foreign teacher. She is so busy with her studies that she hasn't got to go (not get to go) to the cinema for months. This was Wang's favourite piece of music. It softly told people about his lifelong exploration and love of nature. P78 Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. Plants for life: Wang Wencai took his interest in nature all the way to 1 the fields. He made 2 plants his life. Achievements ·He 3 discovered and named about 1, 370 new plant species in China. ·He received the First Class Award of the National Natural Science Award 4 twice. Spirit He explored China's plants with 5 hard work. ·He 6 fell seriously ill while doing field work in Yunnan, but he never stopped his work. ·He lost sight in his right eye, but he still 7 carried on with his research for another 10 years. He seldom cared about 8 personal honour or wealth. ·To him, the National Natural Science Award belonged to 9 the team. ·For a long time, even his granddaughter 10 had no idea about his achievements. 八下单元重点【U5】 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八下单元重点【U5】Looking into nature Understanding ideas Secrets caught in time 1 Imagine a dinosaur in an ancient forest. It is running around looking for its next meal. · 讲：辨析look for, find与find out look for 意为“寻找”，强调“寻找”这一 ，但不一定能找到。 find 意为“找到；发现”，强调“找到”这一结果。 find out 意为 ，指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。 e.g.: I looked for my pen everywhere, but I couldn’t find it. I want to find out who took it away. 练： 用 look for/find/find out 的适当形式填空 1. My brother his basketball, but he didn’t find it. 2. The police are trying to the truth of the accident. 3. — What are you ? — My English book. I can’t remember where I put it. 4. I a wallet on the playground yesterday and gave it to the teacher. 5. Let’s when the train leaves. With an angry cry, it opens its mouth, raises its beautiful feather-covered arms, and... 2 Wait, feathers on a dinosaur? For hundreds of years, people believed that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. Just look at all those dinosaurs in books, films and TV shows! However, thanks to a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong. In the amber from Southeast Asia, they found the tail of a dinosaur - with feathers. 3 These beautiful golden stones quietly keep pieces of the past. They can tell us whether dinosaurs had feathers, but that's not all. · 讲：whether /ˈweð ə/ conj. ［连词］用于表示选择或对某事不确定，常用来引导宾语从句，有时可与 互换；whether可以和动词 或 连用。 结构： 1. whether + 从句 2. whether or not 3. whether to do sth. e.g.: —Most of us don’t know whether/if we will have a picnic this weekend. —Our teachers haven’t decided whether to go or not. 练： Could you tell me this story is true or not? She hasn’t decided whether (go)shopping or stay at home. 请告诉我这个消息是否是真的。 【拓】［连词］不管……（还是），或者……（或者） 常与or （not）连用，引导 从句。 e.g.: Whether you are a student or a teacher, running is a great way to keep fit. They also help us understand that life on earth has always changed. A piece of amber from Northern Europe, for example, holds a flower. This species no longer grows in this area. · 讲：no longer ≈ 常用于系动词be、助动词、情态动词之 ，实义动词之 。 e.g.: Thanks to the government and workers’ efforts, pandas are no longer endangered now. 练：The doctor told her she could play basketball. = The doctor told her she couldn’t play basketball any longer. But the find proves that it did 35 million years ago. In the future, amber may also help us discover if other species have changed over time. 4 Thanks to amber, more than 300 unknown species have been discovered. In a piece of amber from Africa, scientists found 13 ants. Research shows that they are a completely new species. Scientists used to believe that ants came from the northern half of the earth. · 讲：辨析 used to do sth./ be used to doing sth./ be used to do sth. used to do sth. 表示" ",只用于一般过去时,常与现在进行对比 be used to (doing) sth. 表示" " be used to do sth. 表示" "，为被动语态 ▲to的词性 练： 用used to do/ be used to doing/ be used to do的适当形式填空 1. —Your brother runs very fast now! —Yes. But you can't imagine that he hate running when he was a child. He getting up early to practise every morning now. 2. The traffic in the city be terrible. But everything has changed. I think you will it soon. 3. Paper cuttings decorate people's houses during special festivals. 4. 刀被用来切东西。 5. 他习惯早起。 6. 她过去常步行上学，现在不这样了。 The discovery of this African species has changed old beliefs about the history of ants. · 讲：（1）African /ˈæfrɪkən/ adj.非洲的，非洲人的 / Cn. 非洲人 复数 →n. 非洲 e.g.: The African elephant is the largest land animal on Earth. I used to teach English as a volunteer in Africa. 练习：用African/ Africa 适当形式填空 Those will come to China next year. Do you know the pyramids in ? If you go to see them, you may meet many . They will show you some dances. 你知道非洲的金字塔吗？…… · 讲：（2）belief .观点、信仰 ; . 信念 →v. 相信 →adj. 可信的 →adj.【反】 难以置信的 e.g.: The people still follow their traditional beliefs. 那些人仍然遵循传统的观点/信仰。 When you get something wrong, it can shake your belief in yourself. 如果有什么事情没做好，就会动摇你对自己的信心。 e.g.: She has a strong belief that hard work brings success. Do you believe there are aliens in the universe? His story about finding a lost dog is believable. The view from the top of the mountain is unbelievable. 练： 用belief/believe/believable的适当形式填空。(可重复使用) 1. The news that he won the game made us really surprised. It was ! 2. in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 3. People with different can still get along well with each other. 4. A plan is easier to get others' support. Who knows whether this piece of amber will tell us more secrets? 5 As a window on the past, amber has been much studied. However, it's still not fully understood. We should put more effort into research. Then we can use this key to unlock more secrets of nature. P70 根据课文回答问题： Choose where you are most likely to read this passage. a In a popular science magazine about findings in nature b in a newspaper report on exhibitions about dinosaurs c in a sci-fi book about travelling 160 million years into the past Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. Amber shows us 1 caught in time. It shows us what ancient species looked like. 2 a piece of amber, scientists know that dinosaurs had feathers. It helps us understand that life on earth has 3 . A piece of amber proves that a species of flower grew in Northern Europe 4 years ago. It helps us discover new species. More than 300 5 species have been discovered. Scientists found a new species of 6 in a piece of amber from Africa. Amber is a(n)7 on the past, and a key to unlock more secrets of 8 . Developing ideas Plants for life 1 Nature presents us with endless wonders. · 讲：endless /ˈendləs/ adj.无数的，无限的 由“end（n.末尾）+-less”构成，指在空间、时间或数量上的持续。 也形容感觉不会结束的，通常带有 情绪，表示 →adv. 没完没了地 endless time endless talk endless homework e.g.: I love this country. People here seemed to have endless energy. The meeting seemed endless. She talked endlessly about her new pet. 练：endless / endlessly 填空 We walked through the forest and finally found our way out. The old man sat there and talked about his past life. The possibilities are , so we should make good preparation. Most people get interested and ask questions. But one person took his interest all the way to the fields. · 讲：all the way e.g.: I agree with you all the way on this plan. I kept thinking about the problem all the way along the trip. He stayed by his mother’s side all the way during her illness. 【拓】与way (…路) 有关短语 in the way in this way on the way (to...) by the way all the way lose one’s way e.g.: The bike is in the way. Please move it. I met my teacher on the way to school. By the way, do you know where the library is? You can improve your English in this way. She came all the way from Canada to visit us. The little boy lost his way in the forest. 练：适当形式填空 （备选短语：in the way, on the way, by the way, in this way, all the way, lose one’s way） 1. Don’t stand here. You are of the traffic. 2. My mother bought some fruit home from work. 3. , could you lend me your dictionary? I left mine at home. 4. If you practice speaking English every day, you can learn it well . 5. They drove from Beijing to Shanghai for the music festival. 6. Be careful when you go out alone. Don’t . He was born in the flowering season of early summer, and made plants his life. For over 70 years, he explored China to study the country's plants. · 讲：country /ˈkʌntri/ Cn.国，国家 复数 练： How many (country) are there in Asia? 【拓】 the country乡村；乡下 = the countryside （the不省略） e.g.: I want to live in the country with my grandma. 我想和我的奶奶住在乡下。 练：判断句子中 country / the country 的含义，将序号填入括号： A. 国家 B. 乡村 1. They moved to the country because they hated the noise of the city. ( ) 2. Japan is an island country in Asia. ( ) 3. Have you ever traveled to foreign countries? ( ) 4. The children are flying kites in the country. ( ) This person was Wang Wencai. 2 Throughout his life, Professor Wang worked hard to research the world of plants in China. He discovered and named about 1,370 new plant species. To carry out his research, he spent years in wild mountains and forests. · 讲：carry out 进行/ 完成（任务）/ 推行， 履行/ 实施 carry out 进行 含有“按照某个要求或准则进行”的意思，其宾语往往是表示工作、活动、职责、命令等的词 e.g.: Li Hua’s study group carried out an experiment to model the greenhouse effect. Make sure you have prepared everything well before you carry out the plan． 练：判断carry out意思 The doctors are carrying out a research on the new vaccine. He is determined to carry out his promise to his parents. This project is hard to carry out, but we must try our best to finish it. Once, he fell seriously ill while doing field work in Yunnan. · 讲： fall ill fall过去式为 , 过去分词为 此处fall用作 (及物不及物？)动词，表示“进入（某状态）”，常见的还有 fall asleep“入睡”。 e.g.: He fell ill last month and had to stay in bed. He was so tired and fell asleep on the sofa. 【句式分析】本句中while引导的 从句中省略了主语 和 be 动词 ，完整表达为 Though he nearly died, Wang never stopped his work. He lost sight in his right eye at the age of 83. · 讲：sight n.视力，视觉 ; 看见 ; 景象,景点 in sight come into sight out of sight at first sight lose sight eg：1. After walking for an hour, a small village was finally in sight. 2. The little cat ran around the corner and was soon out of sight. 3. The old house didn't look special at first sight, but it had a long history. 4. When we climbed to the top of the hill, a beautiful lake came into sight. 练：根据汉语提示补全句子。 1. As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields (进入视野). 2. I like this book (第一眼) because of the amazing cover. 3. She never lets her daughter (脱离她的视线). But he didn't let anybody know. · 讲：anybody /ˈeniˌbɒdi/ pron.任何人 = anyone ［复合不定代词］ 作主语时，谓语动词用 数形式。 多用于 句 肯定句中，表示“随便哪个人” e.g.: Did anybody hear of such a thing? He didn’t want to team up with anybody. If anybody comes, ask him to wait. Anybody can see that it’s wrong. 练： 汉译英—（这儿）有人吗？ Anybody (know) the answer to this easy question. Anybody who (break) the rule will be punished. With a magnifier in hand, he still carried on with his researches for another 10 years. 3 Despite his huge success, Wang seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. · 讲：wealth /welθ/ UCn.财富/ 大量；众多 a wealth of...大量/许多…… →adj. 富裕的；富有的 the wealthy e.g.: Reading can bring us a wealth of knowledge. The wealthy in this town often help the poor. Health is much more important than wealth. 练：用wealth适当形式填空 Red means good luck and happiness, green means health, and yellow means . The gave from their excess, but she gave all she had. We can get a of information on the internet. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, and wise. —— Benjamin Franklin Although he received the First Class Award of National Natural Science Awards twice, he hardly mentioned it. · 讲：hardly /ˈhɑ:dli/ adv.几乎不 表示否定含义 常用于实义动词之前，系动词be、情态动词或助动词之后 e.g.: The shy girl hardly talked to people in social activities. He could hardly believe his eyes. ▲注意hardly 本身表示否定含义，不应与 not 或其他否定词连用， 可与 any 连用 There’s hardly any milk. 几乎没有牛奶了。 There’s hardly no milk.（×） ▲辨析hardly与hard hardly 副词adv. hard 副词adv. 形容词adj. e.g.: This math problem is hard. She is a hard student. He studies hard every day. It is raining hard outside. She hardly eats any meat. 练：hardly/ hard选词填空 She is very lazy, so she ever does her homework. It snowed last night, and the ground is white now. They tried to finish the task on time. For him, the award belonged to the team, and he was just doing his job. · 讲：belong to属于 ▲ 无 、无 ＋ “人”的名词或人称代词的 格形式/ 团体 组织 e.g.: This book belongs to the school library. The bike belongs to him. 练：补全句子/ 汉译英 Success the hard-working people in the end. 成功最终属于努力的人。 I the tennis club. 我是这个网球俱乐部的成员。 这把吉他不属于我，它是我朋友的。 . 【拓】belong to+名词/人称代词宾格 = be+名词所有格/名词性物主代词 e.g.: The hat belongs to me. = The hat is mine. In fact, Wang was always quiet about his achievements. He was such a great scientist. · 讲：such a/an + .+ 一个如此/非常……的……，强调程度。 such + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 ▲ such修饰 名词前有 many/much/few/little（表数量）时，不用 such，用 so（例：so many books 如此多的书） e.g.: It’s such a beautiful flower. She has such nice hair. 【拓】区分so/ such （如此、这么…） 修饰的对象 so adv. such adj. e.g.: The flower is so beautiful. He runs so fast. （口诀） 名前 such，形副 so，多多少少还用 so（so many/much/few/little 为固定搭配，不能用 such） e.g.: so many books 这么多书/ so much water这么多水 练：so/ such填空 This is an exciting movie that everyone loves it. It’s a pity to waste delicious food. The boy runs quickly that no one can catch up with him. There is much homework today that I can’t watch TV. We have few apples left that we need to buy some more. 同义句转换 You got an A again. You’re （= so good a learner）! This is such an interesting book. = This is book. She is such a careful student. She is student. But for a long time, even his granddaughter had no idea. 4 Plants grow and sleep with the seasons. So did Professor Wang. · （倒装结构）……也一样：so + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语 【特别提醒】 使用该结构时要注意两点：①前后两个句子的主语不同；②be动词、助动词、情态动词在时态上要和前句的谓语动词保持一致，在数上要与本句主语保持一致。 e.g.: Daming is good at maths, and so am I. 练： 蒂娜喜欢读书，我也是。 Tina likes reading books, and . 他们会游泳，我们也会。 They can swim. . 否定情况 Neither/Nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语. 意为“……也不是” e.g.: Jim hasn’t been to Australia and neither have I. 练：— Tom didn’t pass the math exam. — his brother. They both spent too much time playing games. 【拓】表示赞同，的确如此 （不倒装）：So+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词. 前后两个句子的主语是同一个人或物。 e.g.: —Judy practices her oral English hard every day. 朱迪每天努力练习英语口语。 —So she does.的确如此。 练：同义句转化 Tom studies hard. His teacher says Tom studies hard. Tom studies hard. , his teacher says. He passed away at the age of 96 with the falling leaves of autumn. · 讲：pass away去世（委婉说法） / 消失,消逝 ▲ 不及物 无 e.g.: People usually say “pass away” instead of “die” to show respect. As the sun rose, the mist passed away slowly. 练： pass away 适当形式填空，并判断其在句中意思 His grandpa last year. All the trouble will . When people came to say goodbye, they didn't hear any sad notes. Instead, they got to listen to Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony. 贝多芬的《田园交响曲》 · 讲：（1）instead adv. 辨析instead of与instead instead of 介词短语，意为“ ”。 可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 instead 副词，意为“代替； 而是”。 可置于句首或句末。置于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的部分隔开。 e.g.: When you go shopping, use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. Mum, you’re too tired. Let me sweep the floor instead. They didn’t go hiking. Instead, they went to the beach. 练： 句型转换（每空一词） 1. He didn't write to his pen pal. He sent him an e-mail instead. → He sent his pen pal an e-mail to him. 2. She doesn't buy snacks. She makes snacks at home instead. → She makes snacks at home them. 他没有放弃，反而更加努力地学习。 . 我们应该用可再生能源代替化石燃料。 . · 讲：（2）get to do sth. = have a chance to do sth. / get to + learn/ know/ understand/ (认知、能力) 逐渐具备做某事的能力， e.g.: We got to meet the famous scientist at the meeting last week. As you live in the city longer, you get to know the local culture better. 练： He didn't have the opportunity to talk with the foreign teacher.（改为同义句） He with the foreign teacher. She is so busy with her studies that she (not get to go) to the cinema for months. This was Wang's favourite piece of music. It softly told people about his lifelong exploration and love of nature. P78 Complete the diagram with the words and expressions from the passage. Plants for life: Wang Wencai took his interest in nature all the way to 1 . He made 2 his life. Achievements ·He 3 about 1, 370 new plant species in China. ·He received the First Class Award of the National Natural Science Award 4 . Spirit He explored China's plants with 5 . ·He 6 while doing field work in Yunnan, but he never stopped his work. ·He lost sight in his right eye, but he still 7 his research for another 10 years. He seldom cared about 8 . ·To him, the National Natural Science Award belonged to 9 . ·For a long time, even his granddaughter 10 about his achievements. 八下单元重点【U5】 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $