Unit5-Unit6语法总结：宾语从句及练习2025-2026学年外研版八年级下册

本讲义聚焦初中英语宾语从句核心知识点，以“引导词+语序+时态”三要素为学习支架。引导词涵盖that/if/whether/特殊疑问词及否定前置、if与whether区别等用法，语序强调陈述语序规则，时态通过“主现从随、主过从过、客观真理永一现”口诀及变化规律系统梳理，形成从基础定义到进阶应用的知识脉络。 该资料特色鲜明，通过“注意”提示易混点（如介词后、不定式前只用whether）、口诀简化时态记忆，多样化练习题（填空、改写、时态、否定转移等）覆盖三要素，结合详细答案。既助教师课中清晰授课，提升学生语言能力（准确运用从句），又通过辨析练习培养思维品质，答案便于学生课后自主查漏，强化学习能力。

宾语从句笔记与练习题 一、定义 在主从复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。 二、宾语从句的三要素：引导词 + 语序 + 时态 1. 引导词 1）陈述句 that 无词义，可省略 I think (that) he is right. 常见主句动词：say, believe, think , tell sb. sth.(双宾语)... 注意：否定前置： 主句主语为 I / We，谓语为 think, suppose, believe, guess, expect, imagine 时，否定移到主句。I don't think it will rain tomorrow. 2） 一般疑问句 if / whether 表示"是否"，不可省 She asked if I liked apples. 常见主句动词：wonder, don't know, Could you tell me, doubt, be worried about, ask, see。 注意：只用 whether不用 if的三种情况 1. 介词后：It depends on whether he comes. 2. 动词不定式前：I don't know whether to go. 3. 与 or not 连用：He asked whether it was true or not. 注意：if 的两种含义 if是否：引导宾语从句 I don't know if he will come. if如果：引导条件状语从句（主将/情/祈从现） If it rains, we will stay at home. 3） 特殊疑问句 wh- / how... 有词义，不可省 Do you know where he lives? 引导词：who, whom（谁）, whose（谁的）, whoever（无论谁），what, which, when, where, why，how, how long（多久）, how soon（多快/多久之后）, how often（多久一次），how far（多远） 2. 语序 宾语从句一律用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语） · ❌ I don't know where does he live. · ✅ I don't know where he lives. 3. 时态 口诀：主现从随，主过从过，客观真理永一现 主句时态 从句时态 例子 主句为一般现在时 从句根据需要，可用任意时态 She says she will come. 主句为一般过去时 从句用相应的过去时态 She said she would come. 从句为客观真理，永远用一般现在时 The teacher said the earth goes around the sun. 主过去时 → 从句变化规律： 一般现在时 do →一般过去时 did 一般将来时 will do →过去将来时 would do 现在进行时 am/is/are doing →过去进行时 was/were doing 现在完成时 have done →过去完成时 had done 练习题： 一、用合适的引导词填空（that / if / whether / 特殊疑问词） 1. I wonder ______ he will come to my birthday party this Sunday. 2. Could you tell me ______ I can find a good restaurant near here? 3. She said ______ she was going to visit her grandparents the next day. 4. Do you know ______ bag this is? I found it on the desk. 5. He asked me ______ I had finished reading the book he lent me. 6. I don't understand ______ she looks so upset today. 7. Please tell me ______ I should choose the blue one or the red one. 8. They were discussing ______ should be the monitor of the class. 9. I'm not sure ______ he told me the truth or not. 10. Can you remember ______ we met for the first time? 二、将下列句子改为宾语从句（用所给主句开头） 1. Is the museum open on Sundays? → I wonder... 2. Where did you buy this beautiful dress? → Could you tell me... 3. The moon goes around the earth. → The science teacher told us... 4. Will they join us for dinner tonight? → He asked... 5. Why did Tom refuse the invitation? → Please explain... 6. Has your mother returned from Shanghai yet? → I want to know... 7. How can I improve my spoken English? → Can you tell me... 8. Who left the door open? → The teacher wanted to know... 三、时态填空（用动词的正确形式填空） 1. Tom says he ______ (visit) his uncle next weekend. 2. She told me that she ______ (be) absent from school the day before. 3. I think it ______ (be) sunny tomorrow. 4. He said that he ______ (finish) his homework already. 5. The geography teacher explained that the earth ______ (move) around the sun. 6. She asked me if I ______ (see) her pet cat the night before. 7. I didn't know that they ______ (live) in London for five years. 8. He believed that he ______ (pass) the final exam. 四、改写句子（将否定转移到主句） 1. I think he will not come to the party. 2. I believe she hasn't heard the news yet. 3. I suppose it won't snow tomorrow. 4. I guess they don't like the new teacher. 五、句型转换（合并为复合句） 1. She is lying. I think. 2. When will the bus arrive? Could you tell me? 3. Where did he buy that smartwatch? Please tell me. 4. Is the library open today? She asked me. 5. Do you play the guitar? He asked me. 6、 选择题 1. —You look worried. What's wrong? — I'm not sure ______ I left my wallet. I can't find it anywhere. A. that B. where C. what D. if 2. Mom asked me ______ I had cleaned my room, but I forgot to do it. A. that B. where C. whether D. what 3. Do you know ______? I need to borrow one for my math class. A. where is the calculator B. where the calculator is C. where was the calculator D. where the calculator was 4. The teacher told us ______ we should review the notes before the exam. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 5. I don't understand ______ he was late for school again this morning. A. why B. that C. if D. where 6. Could you tell me ______? I'd like to send her a birthday card. A. what is her address B. what her address is C. where is her address D. where her address is 7. She asked me ______ I liked the gift she chose for me. A. that B. what C. if D. which 8. The manager asked ______ could finish the work before Friday. A. that B. who C. what D. where 9. I'm not sure ______ he is telling the truth or just making up a story. A. if B. that C. what D. whether 10. Can you tell me ______ you have been learning English? A. how long B. how soon C. how often D. how far 11. He said he ______ come to the party because he had to look after his little sister. A. can't B. couldn't C. won't D. wouldn't 12. —Do you think ______ it will rain tomorrow? —The weather forecast says it will be sunny. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 13. I want to know ______ you have decided where to go for the school trip. A. that B. if C. what D. which 14. She asked me ______ I was feeling better after taking the medicine. A. that B. if C. what D. where 15. Nobody told me ______ the meeting would start, so I missed it. A. when B. that C. if D. where 16. He asked me ______ I could lend him some money, but I didn't have any. A. that B. what C. whether D. which 17. I don't know ______ he didn't show up at the party. He promised he would come. A. why B. that C. if D. where 18. The sign says ______ visitors are not allowed to take photos in the museum. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 19. She asked me ______ book I preferred, the science one or the history one. A. that B. what C. which D. if 20. Could you please tell me ______ the nearest supermarket is? I need to buy some drinks. A. what B. where C. that D. if 答案 一、填空题答案 1. whether / if 2. where 3. that 4. whose 5. whether / if 6. why 7. whether 8. who 9. whether 10. where 二、改写句子答案 1. I wonder if / whether the museum is open on Sundays. 2. Could you tell me where you bought this beautiful dress? 3. The science teacher told us that the moon goes around the earth. 4. He asked if / whether they would join us for dinner that night. 5. Please explain why Tom refused the invitation. 6. I want to know if / whether your mother has returned from Shanghai yet. 7. Can you tell me how I can improve my spoken English? 8. The teacher wanted to know who had left the door open. 三、时态填空答案 1. will visit 2. had been 3. will be 4. had finished 5. moves 6. had seen 7. had lived 8. would pass 四、否定转移答案 1. I don't think he will come to the party. 2. I don't believe she has heard the news yet. 3. I don't suppose it will snow tomorrow. 4. I don't guess they like the new teacher. 五、句型转换答案 1. I think (that) she is lying. 2. Could you tell me when the bus will arrive? 3. Please tell me where he bought that smartwatch. 4. She asked me if / whether the library was open that day. 5. He asked me if / whether I played the guitar. 六、选择题答案 1-5 BCBAA 6 -10BCBDA 11-15 DABBA 16 -20CACCB 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $