PART Ⅱ 专题3 第2讲 解题必杀技-【金版教程】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT PART　 Ⅱ 　语用篇 专题三　完形填空 第二讲　解题必杀技 完形填空是高考英语中难度较大的题型，也是高三英语的一大“顽疾”，很难见到完形填空有得满分的。大家可能已经发现，完形填空的错误率波动性比较强：状态好时错一两个，衰的时候一片红，非常惨烈，似乎经常靠运气。究其原因，就在于完形填空上下文联系紧密，考查点很细很全，不仅要有良好的基础知识，还需善于结合上下文、生活常识甚至中外文化差异来解题。以下从四大角度围猎这十五个空。 角度 目录 CONTENTS 1 强化精练 2 外刊题组精练 3 角度 角度一　首尾段呼应 通读首尾段，找到文章主旨句，有助于迅速了解文章大致内容，为解题找准方向。 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国一卷) One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding. ... I take 54(joy) in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is __55__ something that couldn't come with us. 角度 55．A.anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 解析：首段中“staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding”，以“花瓶”作为旧物的象征，暗示搬家前对物品的整理；设空处所在句以“旧物被珍惜”呼应首段的“旧物闲置”，形成“整理旧物→传递价值”的闭环。故选B。 角度 [真题指路2]　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. ... Feeling motivated, I started running 42(regularly) ... I decided that the only 46(reason) I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47(turned__to) cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot ... When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 53(appealing). I've __54__ a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever __55__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 角度 54．A.traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried 55．A.limits B．dates C．goals D．tests 解析：首段点明“作者易被他人成就影响自身动力”这一核心。尾段回扣主题：作者经历“跑步因他人放弃→骑行因感受变化而失去吸引力”两次选择后，变得成熟，并意识到“为自己设定目标”的重要性。答案项“matured”和“goals”分别呼应首段“易受他人影响”的初始状态与最终成长，形成首尾呼应。故54、55题分别选B和C。 角度 角度二　逻辑关系 根据句、段间的内在逻辑关系推断答案是完形填空的核心解题思路。常见逻辑关系包括对立关系、并列和递进关系、目的和因果关系、条件关系、层次和顺序关系、例证关系。准确识别逻辑关系可帮助快速定位答案线索。 •对立关系 常用标志词和短语： however, yet, although, even though，while，nevertheless, whereas, but, to the opposite, compared with, rather than, not ... but, on the contrary, by contrast等 角度 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国一卷) That left a house still 44(stuffed) with things that, while not particularly __45__， didn't belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场)． 45．A.conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 解析：根据while (表让步，属于对立关系标志词)可知，前后语义形成对比：“虽不特别贵重，却不该被填埋”，突出旧物的潜在意义。故选B。 角度 [真题指路2]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight __41__. They could not afford to pay for 42(transportation) for their dog, Tiffy, and 43(desperately) wanted to take her with them. 41．A.turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection 解析：根据第一句中的对立关系标志词but可知，前后语义相反：“不得不搬家”与“搬家过程不顺利”形成对比。结合下文中的“They could not afford to pay for 42(transportation) for their dog”可推知，设空处表示他们的预算紧张。故选B。 角度 [真题指路3]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __48__ for him, having to leave his dog to a 49(stranger) and trust that everything would 50(work__out)． 48．A.hard B．fine C．common D．lucky 解析：根据上文“was trying to be calm”和下文“having to leave his dog to a 49(stranger)”及连词“but”表示转折可推知，虽然George (乔治)试图保持镇静，但把小狗交到一个陌生人的手中对他来说是很难的。故选A。 角度 [真题指路4]　(2023·全国甲卷) Nowadays supermarket tomatoes __54__ perfect but taste of water. 54．A.smell B．look C．become D．work 解析：根据后文中对立关系标志词but可知，前文所述内容与此形成对比，即现在超市里的西红柿看着好看尝起来却像水一样。故选B。 角度 [真题指路5]　(2019·浙江高考6月) What's 47(particularly) interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet's cause. Berlin has been the __48__ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. 48．A.easiest B．nearest C．biggest D．richest 解析：while表示对比，此处是将柏林和捷克的城市Pilsen对比，后者使用了最高级the most difficult，由此可推知，前者与之相反。故选A。 角度 •并列和递进关系 常用标志词和短语： 并列：and, as well as, similarly, too, also, neither ... nor ..., either ... or ... 等 递进：what's more, besides, furthermore, in addition, even等 角度 [真题指路6]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) The flight was __53__， and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54(flew) with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. 53．A.unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful 解析：设空后的and表示并列关系，下文“Tiffy was a great passenger (Tiffy 表现很好)”提示飞行过程顺利，设空处应表示“uneventful(平安无事的)”，与“表现好”构成并列关系。故选D。 角度 [真题指路7]　(2022·全国甲卷) A year later, much to my 58(delight),__this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I __59__ him to. 59．A.beg B．trust C．need D．aid 解析：设空前的nor表示并列关系，与前文“He did not kneel (跪)”构成“既不……也不……”的并列结构。根据前文“他没下跪”可知，设空处表示“我也不需要他下跪”。故选C。 角度 [真题指路8]　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) If you do, you won't be able to 59(handle) it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that __60__ everyone's day. 60．A.ruins B．makes C．starts D．saves 解析：该句中两个and分别表示顺承和递进关系。根据设空前“unpleasant scene”可知，最终结果为负面，“ruins(毁坏)”符合“不愉快→毁了心情”的递进逻辑。故选A。 角度 •目的和因果关系 常用标志词和短语： 目的：so that, in order to, so as to, to等 因果：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, on account of, because of, in that, now that, as a result, for this reason等 角度 [真题指路9]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Melanie Bailey should have 41(finished) the course earlier than she did. Her __42__ came because she was carrying a 43(competitor) across the finish line. 42．A.delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 解析：设空后的because表示因果关系，结合前文中的“should have 41(finished) the course earlier”可知，此处结果为“延迟”；A项“delay(延迟)”对应“因搀扶对手导致比赛完成时间延后”的因果逻辑。故选A。 角度 [真题指路10]　(2023·全国甲卷) But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were __46__ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 47(shiny) things you get in a supermarket. 46．A.worried B．moved C．thrilled D．bored 解析：设空后的because表示因果关系，结合下文中的“because they were so misshapen”可知，此处指因为西红柿形状怪异，我们担心(不能食用)。A项“worried(担心的)”符合“因外形差而担心”的因果逻辑。故选A。 角度 [真题指路11]　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) I was 43(worried) that our 15－month－old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes.He was 44(uncomfortable),__and his crying let the whole campground know it. So __45__ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. 45．A.due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for 解析：设空前的So表示因果关系，结合前文“He was 44(uncomfortable),__and his crying”可知，孩子不舒服和哭泣是原因，此处用“密切看护”代替“不再绑绳子”，是结果。instead of “代替”，符合语境。故选B。 角度 [真题指路12]　(2021·浙江高考6月) She 48(asked) for the woman's name and address so that she could __49__ her. 49．A.repay B．trust C．recognize D．help 解析：设空前的so that表示目的，结合前文可知，询问名字和地址的目的是报答这位女士。故选A。 角度 •条件关系 常用标志词和短语： if, unless, supposing, on condition that, provided that, depending on等 角度 [真题指路13]　(2021·浙江高考6月) My mother was so51(touched) by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five­dollar bill to keep on hand 52(in__case) the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough __53__ for all of their groceries. 53．A.energy B．money C．space D．time 解析：设空前的if表示条件关系，结合上文“give the cashier (收银员) a five－dollar bill”可知，母亲此举目的是应对“他人买东西时钱不够”的情况。故选B。 角度 •层次和顺序关系 常用标志词和短语： 层次：besides, furthermore, on the one hand, on the other hand, in the first place等 顺序：first(ly), second(ly), third(ly), next, then, finally, eventually, to begin with, to start with等 角度 [真题指路14]　(2023·浙江高考1月) I 44(followed) beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45(gathered) handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46(lit) the bunch to create a torch (火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47(climbing). He stopped every few minutes to move the 48(rope) higher up the tree trunk. __49__， Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. 角度 49．A.Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately 解析：前文描述了养蜂人Ziyad (齐亚德)接近蜂巢的过程，且运用顺序标志词Then承接过程。所以此处表示“最终，Ziyad接近了离地面约20米的蜂巢”。故选A。 角度 [真题指路15]　(2021·全国乙卷) One afternoon, while 45(attempting) to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was __46__ discovered to be a heart attack. 46．A.eventually B．fortunately C．casually D．secretly 解析：根据前文可知，她突然倒下，最终确诊为心脏病突发，两者有先后的顺序关系，“eventually (最终)”准确体现这一顺序关系。故选A。 角度 •例证关系 常用标志词和短语： 引出例子：for example, for instance, such as, as an example, in particular, namely等 总结观点(辅助例证)：all in all, altogether, in brief, in sum, in conclusion, in short, in summary, on the whole, to sum up, to summarize等 角度 [真题指路16]　(2021·天津高考6月) I didn't 20(mind) having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. __21__， I threw myself into the world of musicals. 21．A.In particular B．In vain C．In return D．In theory 解析：前文讲述作者大多数时间都忙于学校的事情，此处具体展开说明作者全身心投入到了音乐剧的世界之中。此处与前文形成例证关系。“in particular (尤其，具体来说)”为例证关系标志词，连接“抽象情况”与“具体例证”。故选A。 角度 角度三　词汇复现 角度 •原词复现 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国一卷) We had decided on key items for the __42__ we were moving to in town ... I might not otherwise have 52(encountered)． I sit in my apartment today ... 42．A.hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 解析：下文提到“I sit in my apartment today”，此处为原词复现，指搬到城里的公寓(apartment)。故选D。 角度 [真题指路2]　(2023·浙江高考1月) Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47(climbing). He stopped every few minutes to move the __48__ higher up the tree trunk. 48．A.hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey 解析：根据上文“with one end of a rope ... of a tree”可知，攀爬过程中需调整绳子位置以辅助上升，所以当Ziyad爬到和绳子差不多的高度时，他需要把绳子放得更高，以借力攀爬。rope为原词复现。故选C。 角度 [真题指路3]　(2022·全国甲卷) When I first dated Steve, I 43(learned) he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was 44(thrilled) that he was an animal lover, I 45(worried) that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack __46__， the cat. ... He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 50(In__that__moment),__I began to fall for him. ... That's only for giving __60__ to the dogs that brought us together. 角度 46．A.Flora B．Chance C．Molly D．Tilly 60．A.toys B．awards C．food D．water 解析：根据上文“he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora”可知，猫的名字是 Flora。Flora为原词复现。故选 A。 解析：根据上文“He poured water ... fall for him.”可知，此处指给狗喝水的举动让两人走到了一起。water为原词复现。故选D。 角度 [真题指路4]　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. ... Once, we __42__ along Chalk Creek. ... He was 44(uncomfortable),__and his crying let the whole campground know it. 42．A.camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 解析：根据上文“wonderful camping experiences”以及下文“the whole campground”可知，作者一家是在Chalk Creek 岸边露营。camp为原词复现。故选A。 角度 •同义复现 [真题指路5]　(2025·全国二卷) “Hold on: Consider failure as a 50(stepping__stone) to success and never give up. Stick to your plan，” she said. “__51__ others: Lift others up on your journey.” 51．A.Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive 解析：根据下文“Lift others up on your journey.”可知，此处指帮助(help)他人。lift others up即help others的同义表达。故选A。 角度 [真题指路6]　(2021·天津高考3月) He 23(offered) to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair—again __24__． 24．A.by accident B．in advance C．for free D．on credit 解析：上文提到他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车，根据设空前的“again”及语境可知，此处指他还征集不需要的自行车，同样会免费修理。free of charge与for free是同义复现，均表示“免费”。故选C。 角度 •近义复现 [真题指路7]　(2021·天津高考3月) For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got__16__ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17(emotions) took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18(instead)． 16．A.amazed B．mad C．curious D．frightened 解析：根据后文“anger and frustration”可知，此处指因被偷了东西而感到愤怒，anger与mad为近义词复现。故选B。 角度 [真题指路8]　(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42(experience) at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language (美式手语)． 41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal 解析：根据上文“While high school ... for that exploration.”可推知，“我”亲身经历了这个探索过程，发现了让“我”的大学经历更加美好的东西：美式手语。设空处是上文“explore”的近义词复现。故选A。 角度 •反义复现 [真题指路9]　 (2023·全国乙卷) The Chinese coach 52(transformed) Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the 53(world),__helping her skyrocket from an __54__ member of the national team to the top of the sport. 54．A.amateur B．elected C．average D．enthusiastic 解析：根据上文内容可知，教练帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。top与average为反义词复现。故选C。 角度 [真题指路10]　(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42(vacation),__but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel __43__． 43．A.safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable 解析：根据but可知，此处与上文中的expensive (昂贵的)构成反义关系，指让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 角度 [真题指路11]　(2019·全国卷Ⅱ) Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with __49__. It just started licking (舔) Ehlers' face. 49．A.surprise B．joy C．hesitation D．anxiety 解析：下文“It just started licking (舔) Ehlers' face.”表示“小狗见到 Ehlers (埃勒斯)很高兴”，与之前的紧张和害怕形成对比，所以此处指“小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴取代了”。Nervousness and fear和joy是反义复现。故选B。 角度 •代词复现 [真题指路12]　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, __41__ can also drive you mad. They'll come rushing in, 42(saying) their handbag's been stolen. They'll 43(swear) that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then 44(discover) it had been in their car all the time. They'll have out half the 45(goods) in the shop, and want the only style you don't have left in a 46(particular) colour. 角度 41．A.shopkeepers B．customers C．salespersons D．receptionists 解析：根据上文“As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers.”和下文语境可知，本段中的They指代customers，设空处也应填customers。故选B。 角度 •词汇/小句复现 [真题指路13]　(2023·浙江高考1月) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41(witness) a unique honey harvest. Here, in south­east Ethiopia, hand­carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the __42__. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43(dangerous)． I 44(followed) beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45(gathered) handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46(lit) the bunch to create a torch (火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47(climbing). He stopped every few minutes to move the 48(rope) higher up the tree trunk. 角度 42．A.courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves 解析：根据后文“higher up the tree trunk”可知，设空处指蜂箱被放置在树顶。treetop“树顶”与后文“higher up the tree trunk”为小句复现。故选C。 角度 •同源词复现 [真题指路14]　(2024·浙江高考1月) Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45(attended) a two­year professional school to quickly find a job __46__ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47(remarkable),__however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 48(quote) a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49(writers) as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I 50(recall) him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 51(rely__on) my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52(self-educated),__and admirable person prevented me doing so. 角度 46．A.building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 解析：根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder”可知，这位年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助补贴家用， building与builder为同源词复现。故选A。 角度 •上下词复现 [真题指路15]　(2022·全国乙卷) We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47(child) sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or __48__. We then asked the child if she could 49(see) or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't. 48．A.feet B．nose C．hands D．ears 解析：根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。ears与下文中的“hear”是上下词复现。故选 D。 角度 [真题指路16]　(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. ... One day they'll 47(wake__up) and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48(lie)． I wonder if __49__ should always tell the truth no matter the 50(consequences). I have a very strong 51(fear) that the lie we're telling is doing 52(spiritual) damage to our children. 角度 49．A.parents B．twins C．colleagues D．teachers 解析：根据上文中的“our twins”以及下文中的“our children”可知，此处需为对应的上位词。“parents (父母)”是“my wife and I”的身份概括，与our children构成“父母—孩子”的上下词关系。故选A。 角度 角度四　生活常识与文化背景 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着生活常识、文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。做题时，积极调动已有的文化背景知识和生活常识并灵活运用——尤其注意中西方文化的差异——能简化分析与判断过程。 角度 [真题指路1]　(2025·浙江高考1月) “But it's also a great __53__， for it can sometimes take days to 54(organise) a single event，” Ribeiro said. 53．A.lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge 解析：根据后文“for it can ... a single event”并结合生活常识(耗时久的事情通常具有挑战性)可知，这是一项挑战。故选D。 角度 [真题指路2]　(2024·全国甲卷) One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the __41__ to help my grandmother wash dishes. 41．A.sitting room B．kitchen C．yard D．dining hall 解析： sitting room客厅；kitchen厨房；yard院子；dining hall餐厅。根据下文“to help my grandmother wash dishes”及生活常识(洗碗通常在厨房进行)可知，吃完晚饭后，作者在厨房帮助奶奶洗碗。故选B。 角度 [真题指路3]　(2023·浙江高考1月) Here, in south­east Ethiopia, hand­carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the 42(treetops). Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often __43__． 43．A.urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 解析：根据生活常识(蜂箱在树梢，攀爬取蜜容易坠落，且可能被蜜蜂蜇伤)可知，取蜜既困难又危险。故选B。 角度 [真题指路4]　(2022·全国乙卷) However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42(bad) at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies __43__． 43．A.exposed B．examined C．untouched D．imbalanced 解析：根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands”并结合生活常识可推知，小朋友在捉迷藏时只用手捂住他们自己的眼睛，身体其他部分还都暴露在外，没有藏好。故选A。 角度 [真题指路5]　(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷) “I often 48(invited) them to drink alcohol. Once they were __49__， they began to talk a lot，” Wang said. 49．A.drunk B．deserted C．bored D．lost 解析：根据上文“drink alcohol”及下文“they began to talk a lot”并结合生活常识(人饮酒后可能话多)可知，“drunk (喝醉的)”符合逻辑。故选A。 角度 强化精练 (2025·湖北省黄冈中学高三5月二模)About 15 years ago, Ellen Wyoming DeLoy was in graduate school in Portland, Ore. She __1__ used the city's light rail system to commute (通勤) to and from her classes. One night, on her way __2__ she was one of just a few people on the train. When she arrived at her stop, she __3__ the train and started __4__ the stairway that led to street level. “And as I'm climbing the steps, the train—which usually just does a short ring to indicate that it is about to __5__ the station—started to do a really __6__ persistent, ongoing ring，” Wyoming DeLoy said. “As if someone were banging (猛敲) a doorbell 20 times __7__．” 强化精练 Shocked by the unexpected sound, Wyoming DeLoy __8__ to see two things. The first was the train conductor looking at her with an intense sense of __9__ in his eyes. The other was a man who had apparently been following closely behind her but was now __10__ in the other direction. “I don't know what would have happened that night if the train driver hadn't caught my attention. But somebody was pursuing me for whatever, probably not __11__ intention，” she said. Wyoming DeLoy made it home __12__ that night, unsettled and __13__. 强化精练 “What a blessing to have had this person __14__ just long enough to notice that this didn't look quite right. I've always thought about that train conductor and how he helped __15__ a passenger. And I really thank him.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ellen Wyoming DeLoy (埃伦·怀俄明·德洛伊)乘坐轻轨下车后被人跟踪，列车员通过异常铃声提醒她，使她察觉危险并避免不测，她对此心怀感激。 强化精练 1．A.regularly B．rarely C．occasionally D．never 2．A.school B．home C．church D．station 解析：根据后文“to commute (通勤) to and from her classes”并结合常识可知，“通勤”指有规律的往返行程，说明她经常乘坐轻轨。故选A。 解析：根据前文“One night”和后文“made it home”可知，此处指在Ellen Wyoming DeLoy晚上回家的路上。故选B。 强化精练 3．A.entered B．exited C．boarded D．missed 4．A.heading up B．taking down C．leaving out D．carrying on 解析：根据前文“When she arrived at her stop”并结合常识可知，到站时，她下了车，此处指走出列车车厢。故选B。 解析：根据后文“And as I'm climbing the steps”可知，Ellen Wyoming DeLoy走上通往街道的楼梯。故选A。 强化精练 5．A.arrive B．promote C．depart D．occupy 解析：根据前文“When she arrived at her stop, she __3__ the train”以及“the train—which ... is about to”并结合常识可知，乘客下车后，火车会继续向前行驶，驶离车站，此处指火车通常只会发出一段短促的铃声，表示它即将驶离车站。故选C。 强化精练 6．A.gentle B．pleasant C．soft D．violent 7．A.in place B．all at sea C．at random D．in a row 解析：根据后文“As if someone were banging (猛敲) a doorbell 20 times”可知，就好像有人连续猛敲门铃20次，由此可推知，火车开始发出一段非常猛烈、持续不断的铃声。故选D。 解析：根据前文“As if someone were banging (猛敲) a doorbell 20 times”可知，此处指就好像有人连续猛敲门铃20次，体现的是猛敲门铃的连续性。in a row意为“连续地”。故选D。 强化精练 8．A.put out B．took in C．turned around D．stood up 9．A.anger B．urgency C．calmness D．confusion 解析：根据后文“The other was ... closely behind her”可知，Ellen Wyoming DeLoy被声音惊吓后转身查看。故选C。 解析：根据后文“But somebody was pursuing me for whatever”可知，有人一直紧跟在Ellen Wyoming DeLoy身后，由此可推知，列车员用一种强烈的紧迫感看着Ellen Wyoming DeLoy。故选B。 强化精练 10．A.walking B．running C．standing D．waiting 11．A.awkward B．bad C．good D．desperate 解析：前文提到“有人一直跟在Ellen Wyoming DeLoy身后”，结合设空前“but was now”可知，当Ellen Wyoming DeLoy转身时，那个人朝另一个方向跑走。故选B。 解析：根据前文“the train conductor ... in his eyes”和“I don't know what ... me for whatever”可知，如果列车员没有用铃声引起作者的注意，不知道那天晚上会发生什么。由此可推知，有人一直在跟踪作者，可能不怀好意。故选C。 强化精练 12．A.slowly B．calmly C．safely D．joyfully 13．A.sympathetic B．awkward C．merciful D．grateful 解析：前文提到“有人不怀好意地一直在跟踪着Ellen Wyoming DeLoy，由于列车员的警示那人跑走了”，结合后文“And I really thank him.”可知，那天晚上，Ellen Wyoming DeLoy安全到家，她很感激列车员。故选C。 解析：根据前文“The first was the ... the other direction.”可知，在列车员的警示下，跟踪者吓跑了，Ellen Wyoming DeLoy对此心存感激。故选D。 强化精练 14．A.stop B．rush C．pause D．delay 15．A.save B．fix C．treat D．push 解析：根据前文“What a blessing to have had this person”和后文“just long enough to notice that this didn't look quite right”可知，能让列车员暂停下来，注意到这看起来不太对劲，这是多么幸运啊。故选C。 解析：根据前文“列车员提醒Ellen Wyoming DeLoy身后有人跟踪”以及后文“And I really thank him.”可知，Ellen Wyoming DeLoy认为列车员救了自己。故选A。 强化精练 外刊题组精练 题组17　首尾段呼应 Due to a snowstorm, transporting the injured Hiwalker from a small Montana town to the state­of­the­art medical center in Billings via ambulance took 2.5 hours.Doctors there __1__ her and stopped the bleeding. They were __2__ that she not only survived after losing nearly all her blood, but also __3__ without brain damage. The Montana State Trauma Care Committee, which works to improve care, later realized the __4__ that carried Hiwalker had passed two hospitals that stored blood. That realization __5__ committee members to create the Montana Blood Network, which is the first program of its kind. They began __6__ the blood network a few months after Hiwalker's __7__． 外刊题组精练 73 The network allows doctors to get blood from hospitals and transfuse (输血) it to patients on the way to the more __8__ care they need. The network is only aimed at rural patients, who are __9__ by higher rates of serious injuries and death. Rural hospitals may have only small amounts of blood __10__. A rural Montanan with severe bleeding __11__ that firsthand when going to the nearest hospital, but thanks to the new program, the ambulance __12__ blood from a hospital halfway. Montana Blood Network is the only program __13__ aimed at rural patients and involving ambulances getting blood from hospitals along their __14__， and the network is gaining interest from other states with large rural regions. 外刊题组精练 74 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了医疗工作者们从Hiwalker (海沃克)的送医经历中受到启发，创建了蒙大拿血库网络，方便今后乡村患者在送医途中获取保命的血液，以解决乡村医疗面临的难题。 Hiwalker said she's glad her __15__ led to an innovation that is helping others. 外刊题组精练 75 1．A.broke into　 B．attended to C．submitted to　　 D．brought up 2．A.content　　　 B．concerned C．astonished　　 D．captivated 解析：根据上文“the injured Hiwalker”可知，此处指医生对受伤的Hiwalker进行救治并止血。attend to意为“照料，处理”。故选B。 解析：根据下文“she not only survived ... without brain damage”可知，Hiwalker在严重失血后幸存，还没有脑损伤，这一结果令医生惊讶。astonished “惊讶的”。故选C。 外刊题组精练 76 3．A.restored　　 B．emerged C．abandoned　　 D．recovered 4．A.wheelchair　　 B．vehicle C．warehouse　　 D．engine 解析：根据下文“without brain damage”可知，设空处表示Hiwalker的恢复状态，recover without brain damage意为“康复且无脑损伤”，符合语境。故选D。 解析：根据上文“ambulance”及下文“carried Hiwalker”可知，运送Hiwalker的是救护车，属于交通工具。故选B。 外刊题组精练 77 5．A.inspired　　　 B．confronted C．proposed　　　 D．aided 6．A.constructing　　 B．visualizing C．acquiring　　　 D．cherishing 解析：根据上文“The Montana State ... that stored blood.”可知，委员会意识到救护车路过两所储血医院却未获取血液，这一发现促使他们创建血液网络。inspire “激励，促使”。故选A。 解析：根据上文“which is the first program of its kind”以及下文“the blood network a few months after Hiwalker's __7__”可知，在Hiwalker事件几个月之后就有血库网络了，而且是第一个，因此是从零开始建设的。construct “建造，建设”。故选A。 外刊题组精练 78 7．A.criticism　　 B．shelter C．struggle　　　 D．perseverance 8．A.prompt　　　 B．original C．costly　　　　 D．advanced 解析：根据上文Hiwalker经历严重创伤并幸存可知，此处指在她艰难经历几个月后。struggle “挣扎，艰难经历”。故选C。 解析：根据上文“state­of­the­art medical center”可知，血液网络的作用是在送医途中为患者输血维持生命，以便他们能接受更先进的治疗。故选D。 外刊题组精练 79 9．A.amazed　　 B．threatened C．limited　　　 D．encircled 10．A.by chance　 B．in general C．on hand　　　 D．at will 解析：根据下文“higher rates of serious injuries and death”可知，农村患者受到更高的重伤率和死亡率的威胁。threaten “威胁”。故选B。 解析：句意：农村医院可能手头仅有少量血液。on hand “现有，在手边”，符合语境。故选C。 外刊题组精练 80 11．A.underlined　　 B．lasted C．noted　　　 D．experienced 12．A.resulted in　 B．asked for C．banked on　　 D．picked up 解析：根据上文“Rural hospitals may ... of blood __10__．”可知，严重失血的患者在前往最近医院时会经历血液不足的问题。故选D。 解析：根据上文“but thanks to the new program”可知，新方案中，救护车可从沿途医院获取血液，pick up “取走，获得”，符合途中收集血液的场景。故选D。 外刊题组精练 81 13．A.natively　 B．accordingly C．specifically　　　 D．ultimately 14．A.goals　　　 B．routes C．stops　　　　 D．trails 解析：根据下文“aimed at ... with large rural regions”可知，该网络专门针对农村患者，specifically “专门地”，强调其目标群体的特殊性。故选C。 解析：根据上文“getting blood from hospitals along their”可知，救护车在沿途的医院获取血液，route “路线”，符合“沿途”的含义。故选B。 外刊题组精练 82 15．A.misfortune　　 B．tendency C．despair　　　　 D．identification 解析：根据第一段以及全文总结可知，Hiwalker的不幸遭遇促使了创新方案的诞生。故选A。 外刊题组精练 83 Like many other grandmothers, Daisy enjoys knitting but isn't very adept at using technology. Or, at least, that's what she might tell people misleadingly on the phone. Daisy also __1__ herself as “your worst nightmare”. But: don't be __2__： she's not talking to you—she's talking to phone scammers (骗子)． That's because Daisy is actually an AI chatbot. She was __3__ by a UK phone company to speak to scammers on the phone and make them __4__ they're talking to a real person. 外刊题组精练 84 Unfortunately, __5__ people are easily cheated by scammers. In July 2024, a UK study found that about 67% of people over 75 were __6__ of at least one scam (骗局) in the six months before the study—with nearly 75% of those being involved in phone scams. Meet Daisy, who has been __7__ to have conversations with phone scammers, and waste their __8__. Some conversations can last nearly an hour. She talks about her cat, Fluffy, and people in her family. In some conversations, she even gives the scammers what they eagerly want—__9__ details. But of course, they're prearranged and not __10__. “Daisy is also there to __11__ you that the person you're speaking to on the phone might be untruthful，” the company says. 外刊题组精练 85 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款AI聊天机器人Daisy (黛西)，她伪装成不擅长科技的老奶奶与电话骗子周旋，通过长时间对话浪费骗子时间、提供虚假信息，从而保护老年人免受诈骗。 And that's the whole __12__—Daisy can't stop scammers, but she can __13__ them down. Whenever she's on the __14__ with a scammer, your parents, your grandparents, or your relatives are not being cheated. Daisy acts as a(n) __15__ in the fight against fraud (诈骗)． 外刊题组精练 86 1．A.describes　 B．imagines C．interprets　　 D．classifies 2．A.annoyed　 B．worried C．discouraged　 D．thrilled 解析：根据上文“Like many other ... on the phone.”可知，Daisy将自己伪装成不擅长使用手机的人，且根据“also”可知，她将自己描述为噩梦。describe oneself as意为“把自己描述为……”。故选A。 解析：上文提到Daisy自称噩梦，但此处转折表明不必担心，她针对的是骗子而非普通人。故选B。 外刊题组精练 87 3．A.discovered　　 B．designed C．repaired　　 D．purchased 4．A.doubt　　 B．deny C．find　　 D．believe 解析：根据上文“That's because ... an AI chatbot.”可知，Daisy是英国电话公司设计的AI聊天机器人。故选B。 解析：根据下文“they're talking to a real person”可知，AI的功能是让骗子相信他们在和真人对话。故选D。 外刊题组精练 88 5．A.older　　 B．younger C．richer　　　 D．simpler 6．A.victims　　 B．judges C．witnesses　　 D．volunteers 解析：下文提到75岁以上人群易受骗，older 对应“people over 75”。故选A。 解析：根据上文“Unfortunately, __5__ people ... by scammers.”可知，67%的75岁以上人群是骗局的受害者，be victims of “……的受害者”。故选A。 外刊题组精练 89 7．A.forced　　　 B．trained C．allowed　　　 D．invited 8．A.time　　　 B．talent C．money　　　 D．value 解析：根据下文“have conversations with phone scammers”可知，Daisy被训练来与骗子对话。故选B。 解析：根据下文“Some conversations can last nearly an hour.”可知，Daisy的对话会持续近一小时，目的是浪费骗子的时间，time与last nearly an hour呼应。故选A。 外刊题组精练 90 9．A.conversation　 B．bank C．holiday　　　　 D．study 10．A.legal　　　 B．safe C．bright　　　　 D．real 解析：根据上文“she even gives ... they eagerly want”可知，骗子渴望获取银行信息，银行信息是常见诈骗目标。故选B。 解析：根据上文“they're prearranged”可知，Daisy提供的信息是预先安排的，并非真实的。故选D。 外刊题组精练 91 11．A.remind　　　 B．ask C．promise　　　　 D．convince 12．A.plan　　　　 B．point C．truth　　　 D．lesson 解析：根据下文“that the person ... might be untruthful”可知，Daisy的存在是为了提醒人们和你通话的人可能不诚实。故选A。 解析：根据下文“Daisy can't stop ... __13__ them down”可知，Daisy无法阻止诈骗但能拖延，这就是核心目的。the whole point表示“核心目的”。故选B。 外刊题组精练 92 13．A.calm　　 B．turn C．slow　　　 D．let 14．A.phone　　　 B．platform C．Internet　　　　 D．way 解析：根据上文“waste their __8__”可知，此处指拖延骗子的行动。故选C。 解析：根据上文“she's not talking to you—she's talking to phone scammers (骗子)”以及全文可知，Daisy是在电话中与诈骗者周旋。on the phone意为“在电话中”，phone为原词复现，符合语境。故选A。 外刊题组精练 93 15．A.warning　　　 B．example C．symbol　　　 D．defence 解析：根据上文“acts as”及下文“in the fight against fraud (诈骗)”可知，Daisy是对抗诈骗的防线。故选D。 外刊题组精练 94 Every year before Christmas, I would drive to Elaine's house in California. She __1__ all year long. We would make many Christmas cookies. A can of our cookies made a great __2__ for almost anyone. However, our __3__ baking was mainly a way for Elaine and me to __4__ time together during the holiday season. When I moved to Washington, D．C., I was __5__ about being in a new town until Christmas __6__. “What about the holiday cookies？” I thought. “I'm flying out to California before Christmas so we can keep baking together，” I __7__ Elaine on the phone. 外刊题组精练 95 It was a no­brainer for her too. What were a few thousand miles when it came to __8__？ The one hole in our __9__ hadn't occurred to me until I was __10__ with hundreds of fresh­baked cookies. “How am I going to get all these on the plane home？” I asked. We packed what we could pack as __11__ as we could and hoped for the best. The flight attendants found out what I was __12__. Luckily, they were so nice and went out of their way to __13__ me and my cookies. 外刊题组精练 96 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者与好友Elaine (伊莱恩)每年一起烘焙圣诞饼干的传统，展现了跨越距离的友谊。 That was 29 years ago. Elaine and I still make our cookies together every Christmas. In __14__ our cookie recipes over the years, we've perfected the recipe for a strong __15__． 外刊题组精练 97 1．A.served　 B．baked C．roamed　　 D．diverted 2．A.amusement　　 B．ease C．present　 　　 D．course 解析：根据后文“make many Christmas cookies”可知，Elaine一整年都在烘焙(baked)，与后文“制作饼干”的主题一致。故选B。 解析：句意：一罐我们做的饼干是送给他人的绝佳礼物(present)。故选C。 外刊题组精练 98 3．A.rapid　　 B．talented C．pure　　　 D．annual 4．A.spend　　 B．preserve C．aviod　 D．examine 解析：前文提到“Every year before Christmas”，说明烘焙饼干是每年的(annual)传统。故选D。 解析：烘焙的主要目的是共度时光，spend time together “共度时光”，为固定搭配。故选A。 外刊题组精练 99 5．A.grave　　 B．thrilled C．cautious　　 D．nervous 6．A.sank in　 B．leaked out C．came back　　 D．rolled around 解析：根据后文“in a new town”可知，搬到新城市通常会感到紧张(nervous)。故选D。 解析：Christmas rolled around表示“圣诞节又到了”，为固定表达。故选D。 外刊题组精练 100 7．A.promised　　 B．replied C．delighted　　 D．convinced 8．A.protection　 B．journey C．tradition　　 D．method 解析：根据前文“I'm flying out to ... keep baking together”可知，“我”在电话中向Elaine承诺(promised)飞赴加州继续一起烘焙。故选A。 解析：根据前文“It was a no－brainer ... a few thousand miles”可知，几千英里的距离在传统(tradition)面前不算什么。故选C。 外刊题组精练 101 9．A.judgment　 B．plan C．ambition　 D．conversation 10．A.connected　 B．included C．armed　 D．surrounded 解析：根据后文“How am I ... on the plane home？”可知，直到面临打包饼干的问题，计划(plan)中的漏洞才显现。故选B。 解析：此处指“我”被数百块新烤的饼干包围(surrounded)，面临携带难题。故选D。 外刊题组精练 102 11．A.swiftly　 B．tightly C．thoroughly　 D．merely 12．A.consuming　 B．carrying C．loading　 D．concealing 解析：此处指为了携带方便，尽可能紧紧地(tightly)打包饼干。故选B。 解析：空乘人员发现“我”随身携带(carrying)大量饼干。故选B。 外刊题组精练 103 13．A.safeguard　 B．power C．document　　　 D．accommodate 14．A.perfecting　　　 B．documenting C．distributing　 D．adapting 解析：空乘人员友好地协助(accommodate)“我”安置饼干。故选D。 解析： “我”和Elaine多年来完善(perfecting)饼干食谱，与后文“perfected the recipe”直接呼应。故选A。 外刊题组精练 104 15．A.opinion　 B．faith C．assistance　 D．friendship 解析：根据第一段以及文章主要内容可知，作者和好友Elaine每年在圣诞节前一起制作圣诞饼干，这展现了两人之间深深的友谊，由此可知，在完善饼干食谱的过程中，她们已经完善了一份建立牢固友谊的秘诀。故选 D。 外刊题组精练 105 题组18　逻辑关系 Farmers require data to monitor and forecast all factors impacting their crops, ranging from droughts and floods to soil health and temperature. But in developing nations, such facts and figures aren't __1__ available. The __2__ is especially evident in Africa. “Africa is still the most __3__ continent due to the poor governments，” says Kate Kallot, CEO of Amini, an environmental data start­up. 外刊题组精练 106 To __4__ the gap, Amini is collecting environmental __5__ in Africa through technologies like satellite imagery, drones (无人机) and sensors, as well as from existing studies.The company then __6__ the raw data using artificial intelligence and __7__ information and actionable recommendations to farmers, farm lenders and governments to improve agriculture on the continent. Amini can send texts to farmers informing them of situations like __8__ floods, and it's increasingly using AI to __9__ texted questions about weather and other __10__． 外刊题组精练 107 “That's the beauty of technology，” says Kallot. “It's very complex __11__， but at the front end, the only thing they're getting is a(n) __12__ text: Be careful, there will be two weeks of extreme rainfall. This is __13__ the planet, the people and the communities，” he says. It's likely Amini's technology will also come to __14__ areas beyond Africa. The company has had talks with teams in Brazil and Southeast Asia about how the technology can help __15__ their problems. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Amini公司利用人工智能为非洲乃至全球的农民收集相关数据、解决农业问题，助力改善农业状况。 外刊题组精练 108 1．A.readily　　 B．permanently C．approximately　　 D．legally 解析： readily 轻而易举地；permanently 永久地；approximately 大约；legally法律上。根据上文“But in developing nations”可知，本句与上文之间存在转折关系，再结合上文说农民需要数据来监测和预测可推知，发展中国家的情况不好，数据的获得并不便利。故选A。 外刊题组精练 109 2．A.question　　　 B．problem C．topic　　　　　 D．mystery 3．A.near­sighted　　 B．energy­efficient C．data­scarce　　　 D．low­spending 解析：上文提到发展中国家数据缺乏，此处进一步说明这个问题在非洲尤为明显。故选B。 解析：根据上文“such facts and figures aren't __1__ available”可知，非洲是数据匮乏的大洲。故选C。 外刊题组精练 110 4．A.ignore　　　 B．locate C．narrow　　　 D．widen 5．A.phenomena　　　 B．elements C．media　　　　　　 D．statistics 解析：Amini公司通过技术“缩小”数据鸿沟。narrow the gap是固定搭配，意为“缩小差距”。故选C。 解析：Amini公司收集的是环境数据。statistics与上文data对应。上文“data start­up”与下文“the raw data”中的data和上文“such facts and figures”中的figures都是statistics的近义词复现。故选D。 外刊题组精练 111 6．A.analyzes　　　 B．reveals C．selects　　　　 D．corrects 解析：收集原始数据后，Amini公司用AI进行分析。与下文“and __7__ information and actionable recommendations (提供信息和建议)”形成逻辑链。故选A。 7．A.understands　 B．predicts C．believes　　　　 D．provides 解析：分析数据后，公司向农民、农业贷款方和政府提供信息和建议。故选D。 外刊题组精练 112 8．A.previous　　　　　 B．annual C．surrounding　　　 D．potential 解析： Amini公司发送短信告知农民潜在的洪水等风险。故选D。 9．A.contribute to　　　 B．respond to C．break down　　　　 D．account for 解析： AI用于回应农民关于天气等的短信提问。故选B。 外刊题组精练 113 10．A.conditions　　　 B．technologies C．theories　　　　　 D．achievements 解析：问题涉及天气和其他状况，conditions泛指环境条件，如土壤、温度等。故选A。 11．A.on the spot　　　 B．behind the stage C．in the beginning　　 D．above the ground 解析：on the spot 当场；behind the stage 在幕后；in the beginning 一开始，起初；above the ground 在地面之上。根据下文“but at the front end”中的but可知，在前端，农民只会收到短信，但是在后台，情况会非常复杂，上下文构成对比关系。故选B。 外刊题组精练 114 12．A.complicated　　 B．informative C．detailed　　　　　 D．subjective 解析：用户收到的短信需信息明确，informative “提供有用信息的”。故选B。 13．A.shaping　　　　 B．puzzling C．controlling　　　　 D．benefiting 解析：句意：这使地球、人类和社区都受益。此处总结技术的积极影响，与上文“改善农业”呼应。故选D。 外刊题组精练 115 14．A.dominate　　　 B．liberate C．impact　　　　　　 D．initiate 解析：Amini公司的技术可能影响非洲以外的地区。故选C。 15．A.explain　　　　 B．summarize C．address　　　　　 D．inspect 解析：技术帮助解决其他地区的问题。address problems是固定搭配，意为“解决问题”。故选C。 外刊题组精练 116 Reports indicate that young people are utilizing karaoke as a means to burn calories. A social media user who is known as Dr Candise on the app __1__ the new trend in a video that has received millions of views. “Gen Zs have found a(n) __2__ and cheap way to lose weight，” she said in the video. “That is to sing for hours，” said Candise. The content __3__ shared that a blogger sang solo for one and a half hours and burned over 400 calories in the __4__. Candise added that she'd seen __5__ success with others on social media who have __6__ the unconventional exercise. “Singing is a(n) __7__ of aerobics (有氧运动). Even when seated you are able to __8__ major muscle groups in your upper body，” she explained. 外刊题组精练 117 Her commenters __9__ her for the advice and said singing has various __10__ “It's good for improving your mental health as well！” one person said. In addition to burning calories, singing benefits __11__ capacity. According to a study, after just months of vocal training, people can expect to see a(n) __12__ in lung volume and rib cage and abdominal (腹部的) expansion thanks to singing with the diaphragm (横膈膜). Singing can also be a(n) __13__ stress­busting technique, according to Dr Karan Rajan, a lecturer at the University of Sunderland in England, who posted a video __14__ that humming for 10 seconds with water in your throat or singing could __15__ stress. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了唱歌不仅有助于减肥，还有助于改善心理健康。 外刊题组精练 118 1．A.noticed B．covered C．created　 D．chased 解析：句意：一位该应用上的社交媒体用户Dr Candise (坎迪斯博士)在一个获得数百万浏览量的视频中报道了这一新趋势。cover表示“报道，介绍”。故选B。 2．A.easy　　 B．correct C．gradual　　 D．huge 解析：根据后文“cheap way to lose weight”可知，卡拉OK是轻松且便宜的减肥方式。easy与“cheap”并列。故选A。 外刊题组精练 119 3．A.conductor　 B．creator C．actor　 D．producer 解析：此处指发布内容的创作者分享了博主独自唱歌的案例。creator与前文“social media user”呼应。故选B。 4．A.process　　　 B．bike C．studio　 D．month 解析：博主在唱歌的过程中燃烧了400卡路里。故选A。 外刊题组精练 120 5．A.common　 B．similar C．imaginary　 D．challenging 解析：Candise看到社交媒体上其他人通过类似方法取得成功。“唱歌减肥”这一非常规方式，与前文案例形成类比。故选B。 6．A.introduced　　 B．explained C．realized　　　 D．tried 解析：尝试过这种非传统锻炼方式的人取得了成功。故选D。 外刊题组精练 121 7．A.form　　　 B．experience C．fashion　　　 D．branch 解析：唱歌是有氧运动的一种形式。故选A。 8．A.run out　　　 B．turn out C．work out　　　 D．take out 解析：此处指即使坐着也能锻炼上半身主要肌肉群，直接对应“肌肉群”的锻炼效果。run out用完，耗尽；turn out结果是；work out 锻炼，训练；take out拿出。故选C。 外刊题组精练 122 9．A.criticized　　　 B．blamed C．thanked　　　 D．respected 解析：评论者因这一建议而感谢她。此处与后文“It's good ... as well! (唱歌有益心理健康！)”的积极反馈一致，体现用户认可。故选C。 10．A.benefits　　　 B．limits C．requests　　　　 D．ways 解析：唱歌有多种益处。benefits与后文“good for”为同义复现。故选A。 外刊题组精练 123 11．A.mouth　　　 B．throat C．stomach　　　 D．lung 解析：唱歌有益于“肺部”功能。后文提到“lung volume (肺容量)”，直接对应“lung capacity (肺活量)”。故选D。 12．A.balance　　 B．challenge C．decline　　　 D．increase 解析：经过声乐训练，肺容量和胸腔扩张会增加。故选D。 外刊题组精练 124 13．A.simple　　 B．advanced C．effective　　 D．traditional 解析：根据前文语境可知，本段主要介绍唱歌的各种各样的好处，再根据前文中的also和后文中的“stress­busting technique”可知，此处指唱歌也是一种有效的减压技巧。故选C。 14．A.editing　 B．believing C．saying　　 D．writing 解析：视频表明哼唱或唱歌能减轻压力。saying在此处为现在分词作定语，相当于“which says”，说明视频内容。故选C。 外刊题组精练 125 15．A.avoid　 B．improve C．change　　 D．lower 解析：唱歌可以降低压力。lower与前文“stress­busting (减压)”直接对应，为同义词替换。故选D。 外刊题组精练 126 Edward Jenner was far more than a mere country doctor practicing in rural Gloucestershire. In 1796, he did many experiments that __1__ healthy children inoculated (接种) with cowpox wouldn't catch smallpox (天花). According to an old story, Jenner got the __2__ from a milkmaid who told him of the belief among farmers that anyone who caught cowpox was forever __3__ from smallpox and could even __4__ patients dying of the disease. In May 1796, Jenner removed fluid from a cowpox blister (水疱) on the hand of a milkmaid and put it into the arm of a boy who __5__ smallpox. The boy ran a mild fever __6__ he quickly recovered. Jenner followed up this important moment with more successful __7__． 外刊题组精练 127 Vaccination spread __8__ across Britain and into Europe and North America. To millions around the world, Jenner was a __9__. His admirers included the American president Thomas Jefferson who __10__ that Jenner would be remembered as the man who __11__ the world of smallpox. By the time of Jenner's death in 1823, vaccination greatly __12__ smallpox cases in Europe and America and completely cleared the __13__ from northern Italy. Jefferson's words came true in 1980 when the 11­year intensive global vaccination campaign organized by the WHO finally __14__ “Target Zero”—the complete __15__ of smallpox. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Edward Jenner (爱德华·詹纳)发明牛痘疫苗的经历。 外刊题组精练 128 1．A.assumed　　 B．proved C．checked　　 D．doubted 解析：根据前文“he did many experiments”可知，Jenner通过实验证明接种牛痘的健康儿童不会感染天花。故选B。 2．A.idea　　 B．report C．explanation　　 D．decision 解析：Jenner从挤奶女工处得到这个想法。故选A。 外刊题组精练 129 3．A.absent　　 B．different C．tired　　　 D．safe 解析：根据前文“According to ... among farmers”可知，农民们相信感染牛痘的人会永远免受天花侵害。be safe from为固定搭配，意为“免受……侵害”。故选D。 4．A.guide　　 B．save C．nurse　　　 D．identity 解析：前文提到染上了牛痘的人可以免受染上天花的危险，前文even表示递进，指这些人甚至可以照料天花病人。nurse意为“照料”。故选C。 外刊题组精练 130 5．A.found　　　 B．developed C．studied　　　 D．cured 解析：此处是说Jenner从挤奶女工手上的牛痘水疱中提取液体并注射到患有天花的小男孩体内。develop意为“患(病)”。故选B。 6．A.but　　　　 B．or C．though　　　 D．because 解析：设空前提到小男孩有点发烧；设空后又说他很快就好了，所以设空前后之间是转折关系。故选A。 外刊题组精练 131 7．A.discoveries　　 B．analyses C．cases　　　 D．diagnoses 解析：Jenner跟进了更多成功案例。故选C。 8．A.independently　　　 B．rapidly C．regularly　　　　 D．slowly 解析：疫苗接种迅速传播至英国及欧美。rapidly (迅速地)与后文“millions around the world”呼应。故选B。 外刊题组精练 132 9．A.coach　　 B．doctor C．researcher　　　 D．hero 解析：对全球数百万人而言，Jenner是一位英雄。故选D。 10．A.urged　　　 B．confirmed C．praised　　　　 D．predicted 解析：Jefferson (杰斐逊)预言Jenner将因消灭天花被铭记。predicted(预言)与后文“Jefferson's words came true in 1980 (1980年杰斐逊的话成真)”形成时间逻辑，表明这是对未来的预测。故选D。 外刊题组精练 133 11．A.warned　　　 B．reminded C．rid　　　　 D．informed 解析：rid sb of sth为固定短语，意为“使某人摆脱某物”，此处指使世界摆脱天花。故选C。 12．A.reduced　　　 B．collected C．examined　　　 D．classified 解析：疫苗接种大幅减少了天花病例。故选A。 外刊题组精练 134 13．A.mess　　　 B．infection C．risk　　　　 D．disease 解析：此处是说彻底消除了意大利北部的感染。故选B。 14．A.established　　　 B．shared C．achieved　　　　 D．supported 解析：世卫组织的疫苗接种行动最终实现“零目标”。故选C。 外刊题组精练 135 15．A.lack　　　　 B．change C．failure　　　　 D．extinction 解析：天花彻底灭绝。extinction(灭绝)对应前文“Target Zero”，表示疾病的完全消除。故选D。 外刊题组精练 136 题组19　词汇复现 My husband and I were once dedicated vegans. Previously, I was quite confident that choosing vegan food was __1__ the most ethical (道德的) decision. However, as time passed, I gradually came to the __2__ that no product can be considered a self­evidently safe option. Every decision we make __3__ a complex balancing act, where we have to carefully __4__ various factors such as the impact on the environment, animal welfare, and human welfare. 外刊题组精练 137 Subsequently, we decided to __5__ ourselves as “ecotarians” rather than just vegans. We have figured that while vegans make all their __6__ choices based on whether animals are exploited in the production process, ecotarians consider how those decisions might __7__ the entire ecosystem. When we realized that most of our main __8__ of vegan protein couldn't be purchased locally, I began to __9__ if consuming some non­vegan items, like the eggs laid by my neighbor's hens, would actually better meet my newly­formed ethical standards than a __10__ vegan diet. This led me to think about replacing the __11__ of “veganism” with that of “ecotarianism”． 外刊题组精练 138 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫从坚定的纯素食主义者转变为生态素食主义者的历程，在这个过程中，他们重新审视了饮食选择与环境、动物及人类福祉之间的关系。 At first, the thought of this change left me in __12__. Being “a vegan” had become a significant part of my __13__， and I was reluctant to completely abandon it. Eventually, I decided to let these thoughts __14__ for a while. In the meantime, we started taking more actions to make our other consumption habits more __15__ ecotarianism. 外刊题组精练 139 1．A.apparently　 B．debatably C．undoubtedly　 D．extremely 解析：根据前文“dedicated vegans”和“I was quite confident”可知，作者曾毫无疑问地认为素食是最道德的选择。故选C。 2．A.comprehension　 B．realization C．proof　 D．attitude 解析：随着时间的推移，作者逐渐意识到没有绝对安全的选择。come to the realization为固定搭配，意为“意识到”。故选B。 外刊题组精练 140 3．A.involves　　　 B．mirrors C．launches　　　　 D．disputes 解析：每个决定都涉及复杂的权衡。involves(涉及)表示包含多个因素的考量，与后文“balancing act(平衡行为)”呼应。故选A。 4．A.select from　 B．set aside C．absorb into　 D．weigh up 解析：根据后文“various factors”可知，此处指需要仔细权衡环境、动物福祉和人类福祉等因素。weigh up “权衡”。故选D。 外刊题组精练 141 5．A.recollect　 B．reclaim C．repair　 D．redefine 解析：根据前文“My husband and I were once dedicated vegans.”可知，此处指作者决定将自己重新定义为生态素食者。故选D。 6．A.nutrition　 B．consumption C．production　 D．lifestyle 解析：根据常识和后文“vegan protein”和“some non­vegan items, like the eggs”以及“vegan diet”可知，这里说的是所有的饮食选择都要视生产过程中动物是否被利用而定。后文“consuming”是“consumption”的同根词复现，且后文“consumption habits”也提示了此处是“consumption choices”。故选B。 外刊题组精练 142 7．A.involve　　 B．promote C．influence　　 D．integrate 解析：生态素食者考虑这些决定如何影响整个生态系统。故选C。 8．A.sources　　 B．origins C．suppliers　　 D．ingredients 解析：素食蛋白质的主要来源无法在本地购买。故选A。 外刊题组精练 143 9．A.question　　 B．predict C．suspect　　　 D．wonder 解析：作者开始思考是否摄入非素食食品更符合伦理标准。故选D。 10．A.healthy　　 B．clean C．strict　　　　 D．balanced 解析：与严格的素食饮食相比，本地鸡蛋可能更符合伦理。故选C。 外刊题组精练 144 11．A.traditions　 B．criteria C．products　　 D．contexts 解析：用生态素食主义的标准取代素食主义的标准。criteria(标准)指判断伦理的依据，与前文“based on”和“consider”呼应。此处“criteria”对应前文“standards”，属于同义词复现。故选B。 12．A.anxiety　　 B．delight C．anger　　　　 D．sorrow 解析：改变的想法让作者感到焦虑。故选A。 外刊题组精练 145 13．A.purpose　　 B．gesture C．identity　　　 D．achievement 解析：素食者曾是作者重要的身份。故选C。 14．A.go　　　　 B．sink C．orbit　　　　 D．sit 解析：作者决定让这些想法搁置一段时间。sit(搁置)表示暂时不做决定，与后文“In the meantime, we started taking more actions”形成对比，体现先行动后思考的策略。故选D。 外刊题组精练 146 15．A.in contrast with　　 B．in line with C．in combination with 　 D．in touch with 解析：根据前文“replacing the __11__ of ‘veganism’ with that of ‘ecotarianism’”可知，这里是说他们开始采取更多行动，使其他消费习惯与生态素食主义一致。in line with “与……一致”。故选B。 外刊题组精练 147 A few years back, I stood beneath a red overhanging cliff near my hometown of Carbondale, Colorado. The day was a(n) __1__. Elk (麋鹿) chewed on the brown grasses by the river below. A hawk rode the wind. I was __2__ in, ready to climb. I was attempting to do a route first try, “onsight”， as we call it, which __3__ I didn't know what I was climbing into. It would have been a hard onsight for me. Just as I was about to climb, I had some __4__. I took a deep breath and __5__ myself at the top, celebrating. “You can do this，” I __6__ told myself. “If you believe, success is certain.” 外刊题组精练 148 It didn't __7__. I fell near the top. My self­worth was bound at that moment to my success or failure, and that __8__ a chain reaction: unnatural desire, pressure, performance anxiety, anticipation, bad decision­making, __9__ movement, distraction, frustration. On a whim, I told myself that on my next __10__ success or failure was irrelevant. “Make one move at a time. That's all.” It worked. I floated to the __11__ with calm, clarity and focus. 外刊题组精练 149 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自身攀岩的经历告诉读者：带着成功的目的去做一件事很可能会失败，而用无所谓成败的心态去面对，减少自我优化感，反而会获得成功。 That moment got me thinking, and then __12__. At some point, I framed this __13__ for myself in terms of simple arithmetic (算术): When I added (determination, courage, self­confidence, desire), I failed. When I __14__， my body moved with greater fluidity and naturalness. I improved. I discovered the power of subtraction. When I stopped trying to self­optimize, I got __15__． 外刊题组精练 150 1．A.beauty　 B．occasion C．risk　　　　 D．advantage 解析：根据后文“Elk (麋鹿) chewed ... rode the wind.”对麋鹿、鹰的宁静自然景象的描写可知，此处形容天气美好，a beauty表示“美好的一天”。故选A。 2．A.tied　　　 B．rejected C．bandaged　　 D．attracted 解析：根据后文“ready to climb”及常识可知，攀岩前需用绳索固定，be tied in表示“系好绳索”。故选A。 外刊题组精练 151 3．A.agrees　　 B．means C．reveals　　　 D．proves 解析：根据前文“I was attempting ... as we call it”可知，onsight的定义是“首次尝试攀岩且不了解路线”，此处用means解释术语含义，逻辑清晰。故选B。 4．A.wisdom　　 B．virtue C．joy　　　 D．tension 解析：攀岩前感到紧张，后文“took a deep breath (深呼吸)”也暗示情绪压力，tension(紧张)符合心理描写。故选D。 外刊题组精练 152 5．A.doubted　　 B．enjoyed C．visualized　　 D．approved 解析：通过想象成功来鼓励自己，visualize (想象)对应后文“celebrating (庆祝登顶)”的画面，体现心理暗示。故选C。 6．A.firmly　　 B．carefully C．weakly　　 D．indefinitely 解析：自我鼓励需坚定语气，firmly(坚定地)突出决心，与前文“You can do this (你能做到)”的信念匹配。故选A。 外刊题组精练 153 7．A.operate　　 B．publish C．appear　　　 D．work 解析：根据后文“I fell near the top.”可知，作者的信念没有起作用。work意为“起作用”，符合语境。第11空前出现了“It worked.”，属于原词复现。故选D。 8．A.took in　　 B．gave away C．turned down　　 D．set off 解析：自我价值与成败绑定引发连锁反应，set off “引发”。故选D。 外刊题组精练 154 9．A.complete　　 B．impossible C．irregular　　　 D．unscientific 解析：连锁反应包括“决策失误、动作不协调”等，irregular(不规律的)形容动作僵硬、不自然，符合攀岩失误场景。故选C。 10．A.proposal　　　 B．attempt C．belief　　　　　 D．selection 解析：此处指下一次尝试攀岩，attempt与前文“was about to climb”呼应，强调再次挑战。故选B。 外刊题组精练 155 11．A.top　　　　 B．bottom C．center　　　 D．root 解析：此处与前文“fell near the top”对比，表示成功登顶， float to the top表示“轻松完成目标”。故选A。 12．A.marking　　　 B．despairing C．researching　　 D．confusing 解析：从思考到研究，递进关系表明作者深入分析攀岩经历。故选C。 外刊题组精练 156 13．A.feeling　　　 B．formula C．theory　　　 D．experience 解析：此处指将攀岩经历提炼为算术模型。故选D。 14．A.put out　　　 B．took away C．brought in　　 D．went over 解析：与前文“added”对比，“减去”对成功的渴望，took away(移除)对应后文“subtraction(减法)”的核心概念。故选B。 外刊题组精练 157 15．A.better　　 B．further C．worse　　　　 D．prettier 解析：停止过度追求优化后表现更好，与前文“improved”呼应，体现减法的积极效果。故选A。 外刊题组精练 158 She mentions in passing that she and her husband are considering “starting a family”. “It will change your life，” I say, __1__， keeping my tone neutral (中立的). “I know，” she says, “no more sleeping on weekends, and no more vacations.” But that is not what I __2__ at all. I want my friend to know that the __3__ wounds of childbearing heal, but it will leave her with an emotional wound. 外刊题组精练 159 I look at her stylish suit and think that no matter how smart she is, becoming a mother will __4__ her to a primitive level. A(n) __5__ call of “Mom！” will cause her to drop her crystal without __6__. I feel I should warn her that no matter how many years she has invested in her __7__， she will be professionally influenced. I also want to __8__ her that her life, now so important, will be of __9__ value to her once she has a child. Her relationship with her __10__ will change. She will understand now much more one can love a man who is always careful to __11__ the baby. She will __12__ him again for reasons she would now find very unromantic. 外刊题组精练 160 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己与朋友的对话，揭示了成为母亲的深刻变化：身体创伤会愈合，但情感烙印永存；事业、自我价值、夫妻关系都将重构，但永远不会后悔。 She will understand why I can think rationally, but become __13__ crazy when I discuss the threat of disaster to my children's future. My friend's surprised __14__ amused look makes me realize that tears have formed in my eyes. “You'll never __15__ it，” I say finally. 外刊题组精练 161 1．A.carefully　 B．brightly C．appreciatively　 D．eagerly 解析：根据下文“keeping my tone neutral (中立的)”可知，作者语气中立，谨慎选择措辞。故选A。 2．A.recognized　 B．meant C．mentioned D．memorized 解析：根据上文“no more sleeping on weekends, and no more vacations”可知，朋友误以为作者指“周末不能睡懒觉、没有假期”，但这并非作者“本意”。mean表示“意图，意思”，符合语义转折。故选B。 外刊题组精练 162 3．A.afraid　　 B．ashamed C．physical　 D．psychological 解析：此处与下文“emotional wound”形成对比，指生育的身体创伤会愈合。故选C。 4．A.deepen　 B．produce C．reduce　 D．sharpen 解析：reduce sb to ... 为固定搭配，意为“使某人陷入某种状态”。此处指成为母亲会让作者的朋友回归到原始的生活层面。故选C。 外刊题组精练 163 5．A.urgent　 B．gentle C．violent　 D．strong 解析：孩子急切的呼喊会让母亲立刻放下手中物品。故选A。 6．A.question　 B．exception C．doubt　 D．hesitation 解析：听到孩子呼喊，母亲会毫不犹豫放下她的珠宝饰品，without hesitation为固定搭配，意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选D。 外刊题组精练 164 7．A.life　 B．career C．education　 D．marriage 解析：下文提到职业受影响，上文“years she has invested”表示多年投入的事业，与下文“professionally influenced”直接对应。故选B。 8．A.remind　 B．comfort C．urge　 D．curse 解析：根据上文also可知，此处紧跟上文内容，讲的是作者想要提醒朋友的内容。remind意为“提醒”，与上文warn词义相近。故选A。 外刊题组精练 165 9．A.more　 B．less C．great　 D．little 解析：孩子出生后，原本重要的生活变得不那么重要，此处“less value”与上文“now so important”形成对比。故选B。 10．A.family　 B．colleague C．children　 D．husband 解析：此处指与丈夫的关系变化，此处“husband”与下文“love a man”直接呼应。故选D。 外刊题组精练 166 11．A.ignore　 B．deliver C．powder　 D．scold 解析：powder the baby指给婴儿涂爽身粉，体现丈夫细心照顾孩子的细节。故选C。 12．A.cooperate with B．fall in love with C．supply with　　 D．deal with 解析：根据下文“for reasons she would now find very unromantic”可知，她会因丈夫一些她现在认为不浪漫的举动再次爱上他。故选B。 外刊题组精练 167 13．A.briefly 　 B．immediately C．temporarily　　 D．practically 解析：temporarily crazy表示“暂时疯狂”，强调当讨论孩子未来的威胁时，理性会暂时被情绪取代。故选C。 14．A.but　 B．or C．and　 D．yet 解析：surprised yet amused表示“惊讶但又觉得好笑”，yet表示转折，符合朋友对作者流泪的复杂反应。故选D。 外刊题组精练 168 15．A.expect　 B．understand C．want　　 D．regret 解析：尽管有挑战，作者最终说“你永远不会后悔”，与上文的警告形成转折。故选D。 外刊题组精练 169 题组20　生活常识与文化背景 Name any color, and you'll find it in Jo Glossop's bright, vivid family home. Her family moved into the 1970s detached __1__ with their first newborn in 2007. “We were looking for a __2__ house with beautiful original features.” Jo recalls. At first, they inherited an interior that had been heavily __3__ by the decorating style in the early 1990s. “There were seahorse stencils everywhere and lots of floral borders (镶边), not our __4__ at all，” says Jo. A few external __5__ were made. “By then, we were thinking of moving again, so we put in an __6__ on a lovely period property in the village, but it fell through. After that, we thought we might as well stay put and __7__．” Jo explains. 外刊题组精练 170 The couple added a full­width, single­storey extension to the back of the house. “It's __8__ a big, white box，” says Jo. The __9__ living room now steps down into a large, bright kitchen and dining area with sliding glass doors that __10__ the space to the garden beyond. 外刊题组精练 171 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jo Glossop (乔·格洛索普)一家2007年搬进一栋带原始特色的90年代独立住宅，起初因室内装饰风格不符喜好而未大改。后来搬家计划落空，他们决定扩建房屋，新增明亮的白色起居空间并与花园连通，色彩灵感源于Instagram和Pinterest上的室内图片。 The family lived happily in the bright white space for several years before an earthquake __11__. “Stuck in the house, I just started painting wherever I could，” recalls Jo. __12__ by interior images found on Instagram and Pinterest, she created three graphic __13__ in the living space. The first is a pink arch overlapping an orange rectangle; the second is a blue, pink and yellow __14__. “Our kids are always moaning because I will go for anything 70s super­graphics, __15__，” Jo admits. 外刊题组精练 172 1．A.property　 B．department C．village　　 D．garden 解析：根据上文“home”及下文“house”可知，此处描述的是房屋类型。property意为“房产”，符合“独立住宅”的语义。故选A。 2．A.permanent　 B．period C．temporary　　 D．seasonal 解析：下文提到“with beautiful original features (有漂亮的原始特色)”，period house意为“有历史特色的老房”，符合语境。故选B。 外刊题组精练 173 3．A.bought　　 B．got C．influenced　　 D．rent 解析：室内被90年代初的装修风格强烈影响。故选C。 4．A.taste　　 B．appetite C．style　　 D．type 解析：此处指完全不符合我们的品味。故选A。 外刊题组精练 174 5．A.updates　　 B．features C．colors　　　 D．patterns 解析：根据下文“we were thinking of moving again”可知，进行了一些外部改造。故选A。 6．A.advertisement　　 B．advancement C．action　　 D．offer 解析：put in an offer on a property为固定搭配，意为“对某房产提出报价”。故选D。 外刊题组精练 175 7．A.decorate　 B．extend C．paint　　 D．search 解析：根据下文“added a full­width, single－storey extension”可知，此处指扩建了房屋。故选B。 8．A.essentially　　 B．barely C．simply　　 D．certainly 解析：此处指本质上是一个大白盒子。故选A。 外刊题组精练 176 9．A.existing　　 B．small C．narrow　　 D．previous 解析：此处是在介绍房子改造后，当下实际存在的客厅的情况。故选A。 10．A.mix　 B．combine C．separate　　 D．connect 解析：此处表示玻璃门连接室内外。故选D。 外刊题组精练 177 11．A.ended　　 B．struck C．spread　　 D．kicked 解析：结合常识可知，地震发生导致一家人被困家中，进而促使Jo开始绘画改造家居。故选B。 12．A.Encouraged　　 B．Invited C．Inspired　　 D．Convinced 解析：此处指Jo受室内图片启发。故选C。 外刊题组精练 178 13．A.marks　　 B．patterns C．images　　 D．pictures 解析：根据下文举例“pink arch”与“orange rectangle”等几何图形可知，此处指图案。故选B。 14．A.fabric　　 B．boundary C．outline　　 D．composition 解析：此处指色彩组合。composition(构图，组合)表示多种颜色的搭配。故选D。 外刊题组精练 179 15．A.colourful　　 B．beautiful C．amusing　　 D．interesting 解析：全文围绕“色彩丰富的家”展开，Jo喜欢70年代的超级图形风格，colourful(多彩的)呼应主题。故选A。 外刊题组精练 180 The day at the beach was perfect. Standing in the clear water, I felt the tension and exhaustion of the last few weeks disappear as I __1__ the gift of this day. I turned to check on my young grandson who was __2__ in the water nearby and watched the joy on his face. As I glanced back toward shore, I __3__ something that made me sad. __4__ almost every person on the beach was also buried in their chores. __5__ talking with their families they were busy __6__ somebody else's life on Facebook or dealing with details from their jobs rather than __7__ their time together. 外刊题组精练 181 All that perfect __8__ stretched before them, and their children were playing in the water or on the sand ... and they were __9__ the moments that would have turned into __10__． I sure don't want to have my eyes glued to a cell phone screen. I don't want to be caught up in what others are __11__ on their social media __12__ I would miss the most wonderful times of my life. 外刊题组精练 182 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者在海滩的经历，批判了现代人沉迷电子设备、忽视与家人共度时光的现象。 Maybe you need a wake­up call today as well. Let's put the __13__ away from time to time, because it would be __14__ to look back someday and realize we have missed our own oh­so­precious moments with our __15__． 外刊题组精练 183 1．A.received　 B．enjoyed C．presented　 D．imagined 解析：根据前文“The day at the beach was perfect.”以及“the tension and ... disappear”可知，站在清澈的水中，会让人觉得舒适、没有压力，所以此处指作者在享受这一天的馈赠。故选B。 2．A.resting　 B．running C．playing　 D．surfing 解析：根据后文“watched the joy on his face”以及“their children were playing in the water”可知，此处指作者的孙子在附近的水中玩耍。故选C。 外刊题组精练 184 3．A.spotted　 B．sensed C．heard　 D．recorded 解析：根据前文“As I glanced back toward shore”可知，作者望向岸边时发现令人难过的事。故选A。 4．A.Suddenly　 B．Finally C．Gradually　 D．Literally 解析：此处强调实际情况是几乎每个海滩上的人都忙于自己的琐事。故选D。 外刊题组精练 185 5．A.Instead of　 B．Except for C．Owing to　 D．According to 解析：根据后文“they were busy ... their time together”可知，人们忙于查看Facebook或处理工作，而非与家人交谈，前后文为对比关系。故选A。 6．A.looking into　 B．checking out C．engaging in　 D．writing down 解析：根据后文“somebody else's life on Facebook”可知，人们在Facebook上忙着查看他人生活。故选B。 外刊题组精练 186 7．A.marking　 B．buying C．spending　 D．wasting 解析：spend time together (共度时光)，与前文形成对比。故选C。 8．A.job　 B．life C．future　 D．beauty 解析：根据前文描述的海滩的美好场景可知，此处指海滩的完美景象。故选D。 外刊题组精练 187 9．A.sharing　 B．recalling C．missing　 D．waiting 解析：人们忙于看手机，错过了本可以成为回忆的时刻。故选C。 10．A.memories　 B．motivations C．directions　 D．chances 解析： turn into memories(变成回忆)，符合“珍惜当下时光”的主题。故选A。 外刊题组精练 188 11．A.copying　 B．collecting C．posting　 D．following 解析：根据后文“on their social media”可知，此处指在社交媒体上发布内容。故选C。 12．A.because　 B．though C．once　 D．until 解析：因为沉迷他人动态，所以错过生活美好时刻，前后文为因果关系。故选A。 外刊题组精练 189 13．A.work　 B．technology C．pressure　 D．division 解析： put the technology away指放下手机等电子设备，呼应全文对“数字沉迷”的批判。故选B。 14．A.wonderful　 B．shameful C．exciting　 D．tiring 解析：回首发现错过珍贵时光是令人羞愧的。故选B。 外刊题组精练 190 15．A.relatives　 B．friends C．staff　 D．family 解析：全文围绕家庭时光的重要性展开。故选D。 外刊题组精练 191 Astronaut Frank Rubiales made headlines by spending 371 days in space, far beyond his scheduled 180 days, due to a technical setback. This unexpected __1__ turned into a golden opportunity for researchers to explore the effects of long­term space travel on the human body. Space exploration poses unique __2__ to both physical and mental well­being. The __3__ of gravity in space can cause astronauts to lose muscle and bone strength. To __4__ this, they must exercise for 150 minutes every week. Additionally, space travelers' eyes can be __5__ by the way that fluids act in the zero­gravity environment. Beyond Earth's __6__ layer, astronauts face greater exposure to solar radiation, __7__ the risk of serious health issues, including cancer. 外刊题组精练 192 Mental health is also a concern. On Earth, daylight patterns regulate our sleep, but astronauts in space experience 16 sunrises and sunsets daily, disrupting their internal clocks.The unusual pattern __8__ natural sleep cycles. The __9__ social interactions and the constant observation by experts on Earth can lead to stress and isolation. These factors stress the importance of __10__ technology and strategies to ensure astronauts' health and well­being during prolonged missions, such as space travel that could __11__ up to years. 外刊题组精练 193 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在太空中长时间逗留所面临的生理和心理健康挑战，以及解决这些挑战对于未来太空探索的重要性，同时强调了太空探索对地球上医疗领域的实际应用和推动作用。 The experience and data __12__ from missions like Rubiales' not only aid in preparing for more __13__ space explorations but also have __14__ applications on Earth. Technologies that once supported space exploration are now enhancing medical procedures in hospitals and aiding __15__ from health conditions, bridging the gap between space achievements and terrestrial advancements. 外刊题组精练 194 1．A.mission B．extension C．journey D．activity 解析：上文“Astronaut Frank Rubiales ... a technical setback.”提到Rubiales (鲁比亚莱斯)原计划在太空停留180天，实际停留371天，此处指意外的延长。extension与beyond his scheduled直接对应。故选B。 2．A.threats B．rewards C．advantages D．doubts 解析：根据上文“This unexpected __1__ ... on the human body.”可知，太空探索对身心健康构成独特威胁。threats与下文“肌肉流失、辐射风险”等危害呼应。故选A。 外刊题组精练 195 3．A.shortage B．reduction C．absence D．division 解析：根据下文“zero­gravity environment”并结合常识可知，太空中是零重力的环境。absence意为“不存在，没有”，符合语境。故选C。 4．A.recognize　 B．tackle C．encounter　 D．cause 解析：根据上文提到重力缺失带来的问题可知，此处指为应对重力缺失，宇航员每周锻炼150分钟。tackle “应对，处理”。故选B。 外刊题组精练 196 5．A.rolled　 B．assisted C．narrowed　 D．affected 解析：零重力环境下体液流动会影响宇航员视力。故选D。 6．A.protective　 B．negative C．effective　　 D．productive 解析：地球的保护层阻挡辐射，protective “保护性的”。故选A。 外刊题组精练 197 7．A.sharing　 B．controlling C．increasing　 D．overlooking 解析：根据常识可知，暴露于辐射增加健康风险，包括癌症。故选C。 8．A.disrupts　 B．repeats C．completes　 D．creates 解析：根据上文“disrupting their internal clocks”可知，一天16次日出日落打乱自然睡眠周期。故选A。 外刊题组精练 198 9．A.direct　 B．limited C．meaningful　 D．diverse 解析：太空任务中社交互动有限导致压力和孤立。故选B。 10．A.abandoning　 B．simplifying C．advancing　 D．borrowing 解析：根据常识可知，改进技术和策略能保障宇航员健康。故选C。 外刊题组精练 199 11．A.live　 B．last C．sign　 D．look 解析：此处指持续数年的太空任务，last与上文“prolonged missions”和下文“up to years”呼应。故选B。 12．A.escaped B．differed C．gathered　 D．benefited 解析：此处指从太空任务中收集的经验和数据。故选C。 外刊题组精练 200 13．A.frequent B．distant C．commercial　 D．affordable 解析：此处指为更遥远的太空探索做准备。故选B。 14．A.improved　 B．purchased C．included　 D．released 解析：此处指技术在地球上有改进的应用，improved与下文“enhancing medical procedures”呼应。故选A。 外刊题组精练 201 15．A.injury　 B．growth C．relief　 D．recovery 解析：此处指这些技术帮助从健康状况中恢复。故选D。 外刊题组精练 202 R $