PART Ⅱ 专题4 第2讲 考向3 名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词-【金版教程】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT PART　Ⅱ 语用篇 专题4　语法填空 第二讲　考向突破 考向三　名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词 技法 目录 CONTENTS 1 外刊题组精练 2 技法 技法1　名词的数及所有格 (1)若提示词是可数名词，分析句子成分后，若词性无需改变，此时应考虑填名词的复数。若有以下情况也考虑填名词复数： ①名词前有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, numerous等词修饰。 ②名词前有one of。 ③若谓语动词是复数形式，且设空处作主语，则设空处应填名词复数。 ④所给名词是可数名词，且前面无限定词修饰，结合语境，若表示泛指复数概念，应填名词复数。 (2)若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后，需体现所属、关联关系，即表达“……的”含义，此时应考虑填名词所有格形式。 技法 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国二卷) The sun­dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63(absence) of smog and plenty of blue sky __64__ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 解析：提示词afternoon是可数名词，根据上文plenty of可知，此处应用afternoon的复数形式，表示“许多个天空湛蓝、空气清新的午后”。故填afternoons。 答案： afternoons 技法 [真题指路2]　(2025·浙江高考1月) As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer__57__ (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. 解析：此处time 意为“次数”，为可数名词，根据设空前fewer可知，应用名词复数。故填times。 答案： times 技法 [真题指路3]　(2025·浙江高考1月) “I really want to make this work for __64__ (people) lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean 65__(returning) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. 解析：此处指人们的生活，应用所有格形式。故填 people's。 答案： people's 技法 [真题指路4]　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) These plants included modern Western __62__ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 解析：句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favourite在此处是可数名词，意为“特别喜爱的事物”，根据后文such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，应用名词复数。故填favourites。 答案： favourites 技法 [真题指路5]　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common __57__ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 解析：句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管保罗·埃德蒙森说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词are可知，主语应用名词复数。故填themes。 答案： themes 技法 [真题指路6]　(2024·全国甲卷) They are __62__ (treasure) of American heritage (遗产)． 解析：句意：它们是美国遗产中的珍宝。treasure表示“珍宝”时，为可数名词，根据前文are可知，应用名词复数作表语。故填treasures。 答案： treasures 技法 [真题指路7]　(2023·全国乙卷) But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63(which/that) welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural __64__ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 解析：句意：除了它的古建筑外，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。根据下文historical buildings of the past可知，设空处应与buildings一致，用名词复数。故填wonders。 答案： wonders 技法 [真题指路8]　(2023·浙江高考1月) Thanks to Beijing's long history 63(as) capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic __64__ (event)． 解析：根据上文“some are even associated with historic”可知，此处表示“一些(胡同)甚至与历史事件有关”，由此可知，此处表示不止一个事件，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。 答案： events 技法 [真题指路9]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) They also need to be ready to give __61__ (interview) in English with international journalists. 解析：句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。interview为可数名词，此处表示不止一段采访，应用名词复数。故填interviews。 答案： interviews 技法 技法2　名词→形容词或动词 提示词为名词，但是在句中起到形容词的功能，如作定语、表语或宾语补足语等，一般考查名词变形容词；提示词为名词，如果作谓语或非谓语，则一般考查名词变动词。 技法 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国二卷) Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56(where) bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free­range, and __57__ (center) heating doesn't exist. 解析：设空处应用形容词作定语修饰名词heating，central heating意为“集中供暖(系统)”。故填central。 答案： central 技法 [真题指路2]　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The latest 56(engineering) techniques are applied to create this protective __57__ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 解析：句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。设空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语。故填functional。 答案： functional 技法 [真题指路3]　(2023·浙江高考1月) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by __61__ (space) homes and walled gardens. 解析：此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词homes，表示“宽敞的”。故填spacious。 答案： spacious 技法 [真题指路4]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the 56(arrival) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and __57__ (confidence) speaking English. 解析：设空处和前文的comfortable并列作表语，应用形容词。故填confident。 答案： confident 技法 [真题指路5]　(2023·全国乙卷) The __69__ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70(means) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 解析：此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词development, remarkable意为“显著的，非凡的”。故填remarkable。 答案： remarkable 技法 [真题指路6]　(2023·全国甲卷) __67__ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 解析： (be) different from是固定短语，意为“与……不同”，此处应用形容词作状语。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Different。 答案： Different 技法 技法3　形容词/副词比较等级 (1)利用标志词确定比较等级 ①句中出现much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, than等标志性词汇时用比较级。 ②设空后有表示范围的标志词in, of, among，名词所有格等时用最高级。 ③设空前有one of the, the＋序数词等修饰词时用最高级。 (2)利用固定句型判断 “the＋比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越……越……”。 (3)利用隐含信息判断 句中虽没有标志词，但暗含比较级或最高级的意思，也需要用比较级或最高级。 技法 [真题指路1]　(2023·浙江高考1月) Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and __62__ (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 解析：句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。设空处与前文的smaller为并列关系，应用比较级。故填simpler/more simple。 答案： simpler/more simple 技法 [真题指路2]　(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years, Cao 67(has__walked) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's __68__ (high) mountain. 解析：此处指他登上了非洲最高峰——乞力马扎罗山的山顶，应用形容词的最高级。故填highest。 答案： highest 技法 [真题指路3]　(2022·全国乙卷) As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __64__ (large) tea­producing country, China has a 65(responsibility) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 解析：根据设空前定冠词the和常识可知，此处指中国是最大产茶国，应用形容词的最高级。故填largest。 答案： largest 技法 [真题指路4]　(2022·北京高考) That's a big problem and it is getting even __19__ (bad)． 解析：句意：这是一个大问题，现在变得更糟糕了。此处暗含比较意义，且设空前的even修饰比较级，应用形容词bad的比较级。故填worse。 答案： worse 技法 [真题指路5]　(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the __59__ (hot) the spring! 解析：此处为“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”句型，意为“越……越……”。根据the colder和设空前的the可知，此处应用hot的比较级。故填hotter。 答案： hotter 技法 [真题指路6]　(2021·浙江高考6月) When the house was built, it was much__59__ (small) than it is today. 解析：根据设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填smaller。 答案： smaller 技法 [真题指路7]　(2021·全国甲卷) After64(spending) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what __65__ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! 解析：根据设空后的连词than可知，应用形容词的比较级。故填better。 答案： better 技法 技法4　形容词→名词或副词 若提示词是形容词且需要改变词性时，应考虑用其派生的副词或名词。 ①若设空处修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，则应考虑填副词形式。 ②若设空处在介词、形容词或形容词性物主代词后，应考虑填名词形式。 ③若设空处在冠词后，或作主语或宾语，应考虑填名词形式。 技法 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63(strategic/strategical) placement of the pieces, 64(and) the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, __65__ (digital) generated pictures and silk­screen prints for the exhibition. 解析：设空处修饰后文的动词过去分词generated，应用副词。故填 digitally。 答案：digitally 技法 [真题指路2]　(2025·全国二卷) The sun­dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the __63__ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 64(afternoons) with lots of fresh air. 解析：根据设空前的定冠词the和设空后的of smog可知，此处应用absent的名词。故填absence。 答案：absence 技法 [真题指路3]　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The Glasshouse stands 63(as) a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64(which/that) brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the __65__ (rich) of gardening in England. 解析：根据设空前的定冠词the及设空后的of gardening可知，应用名词richness。故填richness。 答案：richness 技法 [真题指路4]　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international __62__ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 63(to__find) the connection between the two great writers. 解析：此处指这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。根据设空前的形容词international可知，此处应用名词，visibility意为“知名度”时，为不可数名词。故填visibility。 答案：visibility 技法 [真题指路5]　(2023·浙江高考1月) The term “hutong”， __57__ (original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 解析：句意：“胡同”一词最早出现于元代，蒙古语原意为“水井”。设空处修饰动词meaning，应用副词。故填originally。 答案：originally 技法 [真题指路6]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is __64__ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65(wanting) more next time. 解析：设空处应用副词修饰形容词enough，作状语。故填rarely。 答案：rarely 技法 [真题指路7]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) So, what are they learning? __63__ (basic), how to describe a panda's life. 解析：设空处修饰后面整个句子，应用副词；位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Basically。 答案：Basically 技法 [真题指路8]　(2022·全国乙卷) As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64(largest) tea­producing country, China has a __65__ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 解析：根据设空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用可数名词单数。故填responsibility。 答案：responsibility 技法 技法5　提示词为代词 当句子缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时，一般填代词；确定填代词之后，再看设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物存在指代关系。 ①提示词作主语时，应考虑人称代词主格(I, we, you, he等)形式。 ②提示词作宾语时，应考虑人称代词宾格(me, us, him等)形式。 ③提示词作定语时，应考虑形容词性物主代词(our, my, your等)。 ④提示词作动词或介词的宾语，且和主语是同一人时，应考虑反身代词(myself, yourself, itself等)。 ⑤提示词在系动词后作表语或独立作主语或宾语，表示“某人的”概念且其后不接名词时，应考虑名词性物主代词(mine, ours, yours等)。 技法 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国二卷) Over time, I've found __60__ (I) feeling extremely at home here. 解析：句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里感到无比自在。设空处与主语指同一人，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词。故填myself。 答案： myself 技法 [真题指路2]　(2024·全国甲卷) This area, with __66__ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67(for) all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 解析：句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，供全国人民欣赏。修饰名词beauty，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 答案： its 技法 [真题指路3]　(2024·浙江高考1月) Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward­looking __65__ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 解析： some of后应用复数。故填ones。 答案： ones 技法 [真题指路4]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61(to__be__lifted) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of __62__ (they) contents. 解析：设空处修饰后文的名词contents，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 答案： their 技法 [真题指路5]　(2022·全国乙卷) The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening __70__ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea. 解析：句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。 答案： its 技法 [真题指路6]　(2022·北京高考) Since people can't always eat out or cook for __17__ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 解析：句意：因为人们不能总是外出就餐或为他们自己做饭，所以他们点外卖或下单配送服务。此处表示“他们自己”，应用they的反身代词。故填themselves。 答案： themselves 技法 [真题指路7]　(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in __64__ (I). 解析：根据it will always stick in the visitor's memory可知，does指代动词stick，设空处应指my memory，名词性物主代词可以起到名词的作用，相当于my memory。故填mine。 答案： mine 技法 [真题指路8]　(2021·全国乙卷) Ecotourism has __63__ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. 解析：应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词origin。故填its。 答案： its 技法 技法6　提示词为数词 提示词常为基数词，但是在句中常常考查序数词形式，一般需要在该词后面加后缀­th。易错的序数词有：first第一，second第二，third第三，fifth 第五，eighth 第八，ninth第九，twelfth 第十二等。 [真题指路1]　(2023·全国甲卷) Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well－known Aesop's fables date to the __62__ (six) century, B．C. 解析：此处表示伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前第六世纪，应用序数词。故填sixth。 答案：sixth 技法 [真题指路2]　(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷) In the __56__ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. 解析：句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特雷湾水族馆做志愿者。grade (年级)前应用序数词修饰。故填seventh。 答案：seventh 技法 外刊题组精练 题组23　名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词 Long before the existence of a country named “England”， people had already begun to identify themselves as English. In the eighth century, there was already a developing sense that Anglo­Saxons might all be one gens Anglorum (“people of the English”). The historian Bede was an __1__ (influence) supporter of this idea. 外刊题组精练 50 But in the late __2__ (nine) century after the Vikings possessed many of the Anglo­Saxon kingdoms, the question of who was English took on new political __3__ (important). The kings of the West Saxons Alfred the Great and his descendants confirmed that they ruled a kingdom “of the English” and that they __4__ (fight) to create one by bringing the Viking­ruled regions together. They finally succeeded, __5__ it took some time before the Scandinavian­descended people __6__ were living in northern England came to think of themselves as English too. 外刊题组精练 51 By the 11th century, English __7__ (establish) as the standard term for people from England. And after the Norman control, many of the Normans who __8__ (settle) in England soon began to identify themselves as English. By the 12th century they were calling themselves les Engleis, __9__ (mean) “the English”. They seem to have thought of English identity __10__ something anyone living in England could adopt. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　 6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“英格兰人”这一身份认同的历史演变。 外刊题组精练 52 解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用形容词修饰名词supporter，表示“有影响力的”。故填influential。 1．答案：influential 解析：考查序数词。此处是说在九世纪晚期，表示“第九世纪”，应用序数词。故填ninth。 2．答案：ninth 外刊题组精练 53 解析：考查词性转换。根据设空前的形容词短语new political可知，设空处应用名词。故填importance。 3．答案：importance 解析：考查动词的时态。and连接两个并列的宾语从句，作confirmed的宾语；根据第一个宾语从句中的谓语动词ruled可知，设空处应用一般过去时。故填fought。 4．答案：fought 外刊题组精练 54 解析：考查连词。此处是说尽管花费了一些时间，但是他们最终成功了。前后文之间是转折关系。故填although/though。 5．答案：although/though 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰people，关系词在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。 6．答案：who/that 外刊题组精练 55 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语By the 11th century可知，此处应用过去完成时，且establish和English之间是被动关系。故填had been established。 7．答案：had been established 解析：考查动词的时态。settle的动作发生在began之前，因此该定语从句中的谓语动词应用过去完成时。故填had settled。 8．答案：had settled 外刊题组精练 56 解析：考查非谓语动词。mean与其逻辑主语les Engleis之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填meaning。 9．答案：meaning 解析：考查介词。think of ...as ...意为“把……看作……”，为固定搭配。故填as。 10．答案：as 外刊题组精练 57 Hi everyone, I'm Li Bai. Today, I'm officially joining this platform ... With this playful __1__(introduce), one of China's most celebrated Tang Dynasty poets was “reborn” on social media. This is not a scene from a time­travel drama __2__ a recent trend sweeping Chinese social media platforms. It's clear __3__ this “cyber rebirth” of ancient figures is led by Gen Zers. Wang Mengqi, a 32­year­old blogger who __4__ (create) an account for Li Bai, said that she chose this poet because his romanticism and free­spirited poetry resonate (引起共鸣) deeply with modern young people's pursuit of self­realization. Her posts come from historical __5__ (record) and scholarly research, which she simplifies and presents in Li's voice __6__ (make) them more interesting. This phenomenon, according to Wang, has been called “language cosplay”， and relies on creative changes. 外刊题组精练 58 According to Wang, the bloggers __7__ (run) these accounts come from all walks of life, with a certain number majoring in Chinese language and literature or history. “Their creative interactions enrich our intellectual growth and __8__ (person) development in return，” she said. Hu Yu, dean (院长) of the Institute for Culture and Creativity, Tsinghua University, said that the “arrival” of historical figures on social media is __9__ innovative way. This transformation proves that classical wisdom remains __10__ (live) in the digital age. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　 6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国古代著名人物在社交媒体上的“网络重生”现象。 外刊题组精练 59 解析：考查词性转换。设空处作介词With的宾语，应用名词。故填introduction。 1．答案：introduction 解析：考查连词。not ... but ...为固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。 2．答案：but 外刊题组精练 60 解析：考查主语从句的连接词。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，应用that。故填that。 3．答案：that 解析：考查动词的时态。设空处在who引导的定语从句中作谓语，此处指发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填created。 4．答案：created 外刊题组精练 61 解析：考查名词。record在此处作名词，意为“记录”，是可数名词；此处指不止一条记录，应用复数形式。故填 records。 5．答案：records 解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 6．答案：to make 外刊题组精练 62 解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作后置定语修饰主语the bloggers，且与主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词。故填running。 7．答案：running 解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词 development，应用形容词。故填personal。 8．答案：personal 外刊题组精练 63 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指一种创新方式，应用不定冠词修饰，且innovative是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 9．答案：an 解析：考查词性转换。设空处在句中作系动词remains的表语，应用形容词。故填 alive。 10．答案：alive 外刊题组精练 64 R $