PART Ⅰ 专题1 第2讲 题型4 主旨大意题-【金版教程】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT PART　Ⅰ　阅读篇 专题一　阅读（四选一） 第二讲　解题必杀技 题型四　主旨大意题 主旨大意题主要考查对文章整体内容的把握能力，要求提炼文章的核心议题、主要观点或概括段落大意。它既可以针对全文的中心思想提问，也可以针对某一段落的主旨进行考查，核心在于判断作者的写作意图和文本的核心脉络。主旨大意题主要考查对以下几个方面的概括：①标题判断；②段落大意；③主旨大意。15道阅读题中，通常设置1道此类题目，也有设置2道的情况。 主旨大意题的正确选项特征 1.正确选项通常具有很强的概括性、针对性与醒目性。 2.说明文和议论文的主题句多位于文章开头，有时也位于文章中间或末尾；记叙文多在文章末尾点题。 技法 目录 CONTENTS 1 强化精练 2 外刊题组精练 3 技法 技法1　标题判断题 技法 [真题指路]　(2025·全国一卷) ... We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 技法 31．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why the Rush? B．What's Next? C．Where to Stay? D．Who to Blame? 解析：通读全文，尤其根据最后一段体现主旨的句子“We invest a lot ... for the true costs.”可知，本文核心围绕“rush through(匆匆通行)”的道路规划及其问题展开。A项(为何匆匆？)以设问呼应核心话题，符合标题“概括性、针对性”的特点。故选A。 技法 技法2　段落大意题 技法 [真题指路1]　(2025·全国二卷) (paragraph 5) It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re­appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. 技法 34．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why the ingredients were used. B．Which dishes were best liked. C．What the dishes were made of. D．Where the ingredients were bought. 解析：根据段落首句中的“none of the items ... made from garbage”可知，本段先点明菜品原料并非垃圾，再具体列举所用食材。由此可知，本段核心是关于“菜品由什么制成”。故选C。 技法 [真题指路2]　(2025·浙江高考1月) (last paragraph) Martin sees a silver lining, however: She believes that anthropomorphism (拟人化) “provides an opportunity to change stereotypes”. When women are put into positions of leadership like running companies, it reduces negative stereotypes about women. Similarly, anthropomorphized products could be created to take on stereotype­inconsistent roles—a male robot that assists with nursing or a female robot that helps do calculations, for instance. 技法 35．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The quality of genderless products. B．The upside of gendering a product. C．The meaning of anthropomorphism. D．The stereotypes of men and women. 解析：本段无明显主题句，需概括内容。根据“anthropomorphism (拟人化) ‘provides an opportunity to change stereotypes’”及“anthropomorphized products ... take on stereotype－inconsistent roles”可知，本段核心是说明性别化产品的积极作用。故选B。 技法 技法3　主旨大意题 技法 [真题指路]　(2025·北京高考) (Paragraph 1) The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn't always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. (Paragraph 2) For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone's values, beliefs, goals and social roles. Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. ... 技法 (Paragraph 4) Johnson has also investigated the link between well­being and certain story themes. He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person's mental health. Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. “People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth，” says Johnson. His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions. The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story. 技法 34．What is the passage mainly about? A．How self­identity works. B．How story­tellers are made. C．How personal stories raise doubts. D．How timing affects personal identity. 解析：根据第一、二段和第四段中的“Johnson has also ... certain story themes.”可知，全文围绕“个人人生故事如何构建自我认知并影响幸福感”展开，分析了其形成、作用及相关研究。A项(自我认同是如何运作的。)概括文章主旨。故选A。 技法 强化精练 (2025·重庆市西南大学附属中学高三下学期全真模拟)Artificial intelligence programs can create optical illusions (光学错觉) that other AIs are unable to recognise, creating a useful test that can differentiate humans from bots (机器人程序)． A cat­and­mouse game has played out for almost two decades between website developers, who want to keep bots out of their sites, and the attackers who want to get around those protections. Websites use CAPTCHA (验证码) tests that are designed to be easy for humans to pass, but that keep bots out. While these tests have become harder to pass, the pace of AI development means that AI­powered bots have quickly gained the ability to solve any new test. 强化精练 Now, Yueyang Li at the University of New South Wales and his coworkers have developed a new test called IllusionCAPTCHA.It uses AI generative models to create optical illusions that combine an input image and a prompt (提示词). For example, given a photograph of an apple and the prompt “city”， the AI generative models might create a new image of an apple­shaped city. For the test, subjects are shown these AI­generated images and asked if these images feature combined images. When 10 people attempted the test, they passed 88 percent of the time. But AI­powered bots tested failed to pass any. 强化精练 Li says the test relies on the unique way the human brain processes visual information. Is there a combined image of an apple in the image of a city? “AI­powered bots couldn't tell but humans can. This kind of gap between what AI and humans are capable of is also useful to researchers looking to improve AI，” he says. “They're trying to make AIs closer to human, closer and closer, but the more similar to humans AIs are, the harder it is for us to distinguish AI­powered bots from humans，” says Li. 强化精练 He expects AI to eventually become more capable than humans even at visual tests, which will force CAPTCHAs to look for things that AIs can do but humans cannot to tell AIs from humans. However, AIs will then learn to pretend to be unable to do these tasks. “I think it's going to be a problem forever.” he says. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的 IllusionCAPTCHA测试的原理、效果，以及人工智能与人类的能力在视觉识别上的差异，同时探讨了验证码技术与人工智能的博弈。 强化精练 1．What do we know about previous CAPTCHA tests? A．They are intended to develop bots. B．They are ineffective in blocking all bots. C．They are designed to attack websites. D．They are too tricky for humans to pass. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While these tests ... any new test.”可知，虽然这些测试变得越来越难通过，但由于AI发展速度快，AI驱动的机器人程序能快速获得通过新测试的能力，即以前的CAPTCHA测试不能有效地阻止所有的机器人程序。故选B。 强化精练 2．How do humans pass IllusionCAPTCHA tests? A．By inputting photos and texts. B．By combining different images. C．By telling hidden visual information. D．By creating images in special shapes. 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Li says the test ... but humans can.”可知，人类能识别图像中隐藏的组合信息，而人工智能不行。由此可知，人类通过识别隐藏的视觉信息来通过IllusionCAPTCHA测试。故选C。 强化精练 3．What's Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The benefit of AI improvement. B．The result of CAPTCHA tests. C．The function of the human brain. D．The value of human­AI difference. 解析：段落大意题。根据第五段中的“AI­powered bots couldn't tell ... improve AI (人工智能驱动的机器人程序无法分辨(图像中的隐藏信息)，但人类可以。人工智能和人类能力之间的这种差距，对于那些希望改进人工智能的研究人员来说也是有用的)”以及全段内容可知，第五段主要讲了人类和人工智能能力差异的价值。故选D。 强化精练 4．How will CAPTCHAs develop in the future according to Li? A．They will be useless for advances in AI. B．They will gradually switch to visual tests. C．They will be constantly challenged by AI. D．They will make use of the weaknesses of AI. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He expects AI to ... do these tasks.”可知，李认为人工智能最终会在视觉测试中超越人类，且会模仿人类假装“无法完成某些任务”，由此可推知，验证码将在未来不断受到人工智能的挑战。故选C。 强化精练 外刊题组精练 题组11 　标题判断题·段落大意题 AI­generated oddities like Elon Musk seeing a UFO, or kids baking perfect cakes flood the web. Dubbed “AI slop”， it's so common that Oxford University Press considered “slop” for word of the year. AI slop refers to low­quality, fake content made by artificial intelligence and shared online in a careless way. Many have worried that AI images could spread misinformation. Free AI tools have led to a rise in these images; often posted by scammers (诈骗者) or people trying to go viral. On the Net, two of its top five most­viewed images seen over 35 million times were AI­generated. 外刊题组精练 27 Matt Navara, a social media expert, says that while these posts were initially entertaining, many users are now annoyed by them. A study from the Stanford Internet Observatory found that many of these AI pages were run by scammers, who tried to make money from engagement of the Internet surfers. On platforms, influencers teach people how to profit from AI slop. Some claim users can earn thousands by posting AI­generated viral content. AI images have also been used in political posts. Fake AI news is also growing. The news rating service NewsGuard has found over 1，000 websites publishing AI­generated fake news in different languages. Tech companies have tried to label AI content, but platforms like Meta continue pushing AI­generated posts. 外刊题组精练 28 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了免费工具助长AI生成的虚假内容传播，尽管用户反感，但因监管难度大，AI生成内容可能持续影响社交媒体生态。 Zuckerberg views AI content as social media's future. Meta data shows 30% of Facebook content now comes from non­followed accounts (up from 8% in 2021), contradicting experts who thought “AI slop” would fade. AI­generated posts are set to shape online content's future. 外刊题组精练 29 1．What does “AI slop” mean? A．Low­value material. B．Artistic digital paintings. C．High­quality creative content. D．Technologically advanced tools. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AI slop refers to low­quality, fake content”可知，“AI slop”指低质量、虚假的内容。故选A。 外刊题组精练 30 2．What is the main concern expressed in Paragraph 3? A．The uncontrolled spread of AI­generated content. B．The educational value of AI­generated news articles. C．The technical limitations of AI image generation tools. D．The competition between human artists and AI tools. 解析：推理判断题。第三段提到诈骗者利用AI内容牟利、网红教人靠AI内容获利、虚假新闻增多，且平台(如 Meta)仍在推送AI生成的内容。由此可推知，作者在第三段主要表达的担忧是AI生成内容的不受控制的传播。故选A。 外刊题组精练 31 3．What can be inferred about the future of AI­generated content? A．Tech companies will support AI­generated posts. B．Governments will pass laws to get rid of AI content. C．Its influence on social media platforms will continue growing. D．It will gradually disappear as users learn to remove careless content. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，尽管部分专家认为AI slop会被过滤，但Meta数据显示AI内容占比从2021年的8%升至30%，且Zuckerberg (扎克伯格)认为其是社交媒体的未来。由此可推知，AI生成内容对社交媒体平台的影响将持续增长。故选C。 外刊题组精练 32 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．The Role of Influencers in AI Image Creation B．Meta's Efforts to Control AI­Generated Content C．How AI Slop Is Changing the Social Media Landscape D．The Significance of AI Slop and Its Impact 解析：标题判断题。全文围绕“AI slop”的定义、现状及影响展开，强调其对社交媒体的改变。C项(AI Slop是如何改变社交媒体格局的)概括主旨，最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 外刊题组精练 33 The Great Wall of China is being protected from erosion by a “biocrust” of moss, lichen (地衣), and cyanobacteria (蓝藻), just as the wall once shielded the country from northern invasions. The wall, built and rebuilt many times between about 200 BC and the Ming Dynasty, which lasted from 1368 until 1644, once stretched for more than 8，800 kilometers. Today, however, less than 6 percent of its total length remains well­preserved, and over half has either vanished or become severely deteriorated. Many sections of the wall were built with rammed earth. 外刊题组精练 34 China Agricultural University's Bo Xiao and his team sampled a 600­km wall section, finding over 2/3 covered in biocrust—lichens, mosses, cyanobacteria. This layer strengthens the wall, keeps it dry, resists wind/water erosion, insulates against temperature extremes, and reduces salinity effects. Biocrust­covered sections were found to be less porous (多孔的), with reduced water­holding capacity, erodibility (侵蚀度) and salinity, says the team. These sections also showed increased resistance to various forms of mechanical assault. The findings could change the way managers of heritage sites around the world regard vegetation on ancient structures, especially those that had large sections built with rammed earth. Xiao believes that biocrusts represent a promising and innovative strategy for heritage conservation. 外刊题组精练 35 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国农业大学的研究人员发现由苔藓、地衣和蓝藻组成的“生物覆盖层”对长城的加固和保存具有重要意义。这一发现可能为全球古迹保护提供新思路。 The biocrusts on the Great Wall of China could help mitigate the extremes it faces in terms of heat and cold, says Brett Summerell at the Botanic Gardens of Sydney. “They would provide an environment that helps buffer (缓冲) and protect the stability of the structure of the walls.” He says rocks covered in biocrust that he has seen in Australia have less cracking and splitting. 外刊题组精练 36 1．What do we know about the Great Wall? A．It has less rammed earth. B．It is kept safe by a biocrust. C．Its total length is well­saved. D．It was built in the Ming Dynasty. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Great Wall of China is being protected from erosion by a ‘biocrust’”可知，生物结皮正在保护长城免受侵蚀。故选B。 外刊题组精练 37 2．What did Bo Xiao's team find about the biocrust? A．It could resist mechanical attack. B．It could change vegetation types. C．It could keep the wall more moist. D．It could raise temperature extremes. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These sections also showed ... of mechanical assault.”可知，覆盖生物结皮的部分对机械冲击的抵抗力增强，由此可知，生物结皮能抵抗机械攻击。故选A。 外刊题组精练 38 3．What is Summerell's attitude toward the role of the biocrust? A．Doubtful. B．Uncaring. C．Positive. D．Critical. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Summerell (萨墨里)指出，生物结皮帮助缓冲并保护结构稳定性，并以澳大利亚岩石为例说明其可减少开裂的作用。由此可推知，他对生物结皮作用持积极态度。故选C。 外刊题组精练 39 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Biocrusts, Natural Shield for the Great Wall of China B．The Evolutionary Impact of Biocrusts on Societal Structures C．The Historical Significance of the Great Wall: Past and Present D．Advancements in Heritage Conservation: The Role of Biocrusts 解析：标题判断题。全文围绕生物结皮对长城的保护作用展开，首段以“shielded (保护)”呼应主题，中间段落详细说明其抗侵蚀、调节温度等功能。A项(生物结皮，中国长城的天然保护盾)概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。 外刊题组精练 40 As leaves fall, snow arrives, or flowers bloom, humans undergo measurable changes. Research suggests a range of psychological phenomena—such as our emotional states, diet, exercise habits, and even color preferences—vary throughout the year. A study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America demonstrates how moral values can also shift. Researchers analyzed more than 230，000 online responses. The questions were based on a standardized framework social scientists use to assess people's judgments of right and wrong. This framework, called moral foundations theory, sets up “five pretty fundamental values that shape human social behavior，” says lead author lan Hohm. 外刊题组精练 41 The framework considers loyalty, authority and purity as values that promote group work. These principles, often associated with political conservatism, consistently received weaker recognition in summer and winter. Care and fairness are considered “individualizing” values concerning individual rights. These principles showed no consistent seasonal pattern. One explanation for seasonal swings could be anxiety. Using a 90，000­respondent survey, the researchers found that anxiety levels peak in spring and fall. Other studies have shown that people who feel more vulnerable to seasonal illnesses tend to be more distrustful, and more likely to follow majority opinion. “When you're threatened, you then want to get protection from your in­group，” O'Shea explains. 外刊题组精练 42 Psychologist Ivory A. Toldson notes that the study relies on data from “western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic (WEIRD)” populations and cautions that generalizing from such results runs the risk of “overlooking the unique moral experiences of disadvantaged groups”. Hohm agrees that such a pattern wouldn't affect everyone the same way but emphasizes that the study highlights the seasons' effect on human psychology. 外刊题组精练 43 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，人类的道德价值观会随着季节变化而变化，这种变化可能与焦虑水平有关。 Norman Rosenthal, a pioneer of seasonal affective disorder who coined the term in the 1980s, says this study reveals our highly seasonal nature. He also points out that our internal state impacts our behavior. 外刊题组精练 44 1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A．Seasonal changes affect human psychology and behavior. B．Leaves, snow, and flowers influence moral values. C．Emotional states vary more than other phenomena. D．Studies prove winter causes negative human changes. 解析：段落大意题。第一段以自然季节变化引入，指出人类的心理现象(如情绪、饮食、道德观念等)随季节变化，研究说明道德价值观也会波动。A项(季节变化影响人类的心理与行为。)概括第一段主旨。故选A。 外刊题组精练 45 2．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A．Anxiety levels may be lower in summer and winter. B．Vulnerable people are easy to fall ill seasonally. C．Anxiety level swings greatly in spring and fall. D．Majority opinions are more distrustful. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“anxiety levels peak in spring and fall (焦虑水平在春秋达到峰值)”可推知，夏季和冬季焦虑水平可能较低。故选A。 外刊题组精练 46 3．What is Ivory A. Toldson's main criticism of the study? A．The study ignores political conservatism. B．The data focuses on too many populations. C．The findings are not consistent in groups. D．The study doesn't collect enough samples. 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段可推知，Ivory A. Toldson (艾弗里·A·托尔德森)的批评是研究忽视了弱势群体的独特道德体验，也就是研究结果在不同群体中不一致。故选C。 外刊题组精练 47 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Advantages of moral foundations theory. B．The anxiety caused by behavioral changes. C．The way seasons affect moral values. D．Moral differences between different groups. 解析：主旨大意题。文章介绍了一项研究分析了季节如何通过焦虑等机制影响道德价值观。C项(季节影响道德价值观的方式。)概括文章主旨。故选C。 外刊题组精练 48 题组12 　主旨大意题 Violence, central to describing human social relationships, carries ethical and political weight. Verbal violence (verbal abuse) covers accusing, undermining, threatening, ordering, trivializing, ignoring, silencing, name­calling, and criticizing. It often coexists with physical and psychological violence—e.g., verbal threat is essential to bullying. 外刊题组精练 49 As with psychological violence, the question is posed of what sorts of reactions may be regarded as legitimate with respect to verbal violence. Does a verbal threat give someone the leeway (余地) to respond with physical violence? We do find two quite distinct camps here: according to some, no act of verbal violence may justify a physically violent reaction; according to another camp, instead, verbally violent behavior may be as damaging, if not more damaging, than physically violent behaviors. 外刊题组精练 50 On the other hand, verbal violence may be sometimes seen also a form of liberation for the most oppressed. The exercise of humor may be in some cases entrenched with some forms of verbal violence: from politically incorrect jokes to simple mocking, humor may seem a manner to exercise violence over other people. At the same time, humor is amongst the most democratic and gentle tools for social protests, as it requires no special wealth and probably causes no physical damage and does not necessarily cause great psychological distress. 外刊题组精练 51 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“言语暴力”展开，从其定义、与其他暴力的关系、社会争议及双重属性等方面进行探讨。 Verbal violence demands constant self­checking of how words affect others. Humans tend to harm each other, but educating ourselves to avoid such behavior is key to peaceful coexistence. 外刊题组精练 52 1．Which of the following is true about verbal violence according to the first paragraph? A．It is not related to ethical or political issues. B．It only includes name­calling and public criticism. C．It can be found in most bullying behaviors. D．It is not compatible with other forms of violence. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“verbal threat is essential to bullying”可知，言语暴力是霸凌的核心组成部分，也就意味着言语暴力在大多数霸凌行为中都存在。故选C。 外刊题组精练 53 2．According to the first two paragraphs, which statement is appropriate? A．Legitimate response to verbal violence is of major concern. B．Act of verbal violence justifies and authorizes a physical reaction. C．Verbal violence is undoubtedly as destructive as physical violence. D．Verbal violence has no essential difference with psychological violence. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the question is posed of ... to verbal violence”可知，如何合理回应言语暴力是主要关注点。故选A。 外刊题组精练 54 3．Why is humor regarded as one of the gentlest tools for social protests? A．Because the poor can also use humor for social protests. B．Because it will not cost the interests of the protester. C．Because it is more acceptable than other forms of violence. D．Because it will only result in mild consequences. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“humor may seem a manner ... does not necessarily cause great psychological distress”可知，幽默作为抗议工具无需成本且无身体伤害，由此可推知，其后果轻微。故选D。 外刊题组精练 55 4．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．How to respond to the verbal violence properly. B．Explaining what the verbal violence is. C．How to correctly view the verbal violence. D．The different types of verbal violence. 解析：主旨大意题。文章从定义、争议性、双重性(压迫/解放)到应对策略，全面地探讨了言语暴力的复杂性。C项(如何正确看待语言暴力。)概括文章主旨。故选C。 外刊题组精练 56 Though elevators might appear to be a modern innovation, mechanisms for transporting people or goods have existed for millennia. According to the writings of Vitruvius, the Greek mathematician Archimedes created a primitive elevator in 236 BCE that was operated by lifting ropes wound around a drum and moved by manpower applied to a capstan (绞盘). In ancient Rome, a complex of rooms, animal pens and tunnels stood beneath the Colosseum (罗马角斗场). During the battle, elevators powered by hundreds of men using capstans brought soldiers and large animals up into the Colosseum for battle. 外刊题组精练 57 In 1743, Louis had what was referred to as a “flying table” built in his palace to allow the king and his private guests to dine without intervention from the servants. At the sound of a bell, a table would rise from the kitchen below into the dining room with a delicious meal, including all of the necessary dishes and forks. By the mid­19th century, elevators powered by steam or water were available for sale, but the ropes they relied upon could be worn out or destroyed and were not, therefore, generally trusted for passenger travel. However, in 1852, Elisha Graves Otis invented a safety break that completely changed the vertical transport industry. In the event that an elevator's lifting rope broke, a spring would operate pawls (卡爪) on the car, 外刊题组精练 58 forcing them into position and stopping the car in place. Fixed in a five­story department store in New York City in 1857, Otis' first commercial passenger elevator soon changed the world's skyline, making tall buildings a practical reality and turning the most valuable real estate on its head from the first floor to the top flat. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电梯的发展历程及影响。 外刊题组精练 59 1．Elevators in ancient Rome ________． A．were powered by hundreds of soldiers B．were used to transport people and animals C．were rather popular throughout the country D．were more primitive than those in ancient Greece 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During the battle ... and large animals up into the Colosseum for battle.”可知，在古罗马，电梯用于运送士兵和大型动物参与战斗，即用于运送人和动物。故选B。 外刊题组精练 60 2．Louis used the “flying table” to ________． A．show his absolute power B．create a private environment C．save servants from hard labor D．inform guests of delicious meals 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Louis had what ... from the servants”可知，路易十五使用“飞桌”是为了让国王和私人宾客在不受仆人打扰的情况下用餐，由此可推知，是为了创造一个私人环境。故选B。 外刊题组精练 61 3．What led to the development of passenger elevators? A．The quality of ropes. B．The trust of passengers. C．The invention of safety breaks. D．The rise of safety standards. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However, in 1852 ... vertical transport industry.”以及后面关于安全制动器在电梯绳索断裂时的作用描述可知，安全制动器的发明使得乘客电梯得以发展。故选C。 外刊题组精练 62 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To predict the future of elevators. B．To discuss the effects of elevators. C．To show the application of elevators. D．To introduce the history of elevators. 解析：主旨大意题。全文按时间顺序介绍了电梯的发展历程。由此可知，文章的目的是介绍电梯的历史。故选D。 外刊题组精练 63 In 2022, I was named the national student poet of the West, one of the nation's highest honors for youth poets. Yet I couldn't tell the difference between T．S. Eliot and ChatGPT. Apparently, I'm not alone in this lapse of discernment. A Nature study found Americans prefer AI­generated poems over works by Dickinson, Plath, and Eliot, with ChatGPT's verse deemed “more human”， and 17% more likely to be mistaken for human­written than actual human poetry. AI threatens poetry's survival: only 12% of US adults engaged with it in 2022, mostly via trendy “Insta­poetry”. While accessible, this form lacks traditional poetry's nuance. A Nature study found AI poems use simpler language, requiring no analysis of human poetry's complex emotions and metaphors. 外刊题组精练 64 But poetry is not meant to be straightforward. Reading poetry is supposed to take effort. The problem is that we've become lazy readers and writers, and AI is profiting from that. The headaches of formality, connotation, meter, grammar, allusion and intention have caused us to discard our literary minds and trade them for convenience. But difficulty is the crux of poetry. ChatGPT will never be able to slyly admonish a critic mid­stanza，deliberate over the perfect phrasing with an editor, or become struck with inspiration in the middle of personal tragedy. 外刊题组精练 65 Poetry's meaning lies in art born from adversity and the unforeseen. Appreciating it requires embracing confusion from the abstract—whether teaching T．S. Eliot or crafting emails—it keeps us human. Even after my year­long poetry fellowship, it would take me a thousand lifetimes before I could come close to amassing the knowledge of ChatGPT. But this also means that when I mistook a T．S. Eliot poem for AI, I found out there was another beautiful poem I had yet to ponder, and a lot more room for me to grow. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了AI诗歌因语言简单受欢迎，但人类诗歌的价值在于其创作过程中的挣扎与深度，这种独特性是AI无法替代的。 外刊题组精练 66 1．According to the study published in Nature, what percentage of American adults read or listened to a poem in 2022? A．10%. B．12%. C．15%. D．17%. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AI threatens poetry's survival: only 12% of US adults engaged with it in 2022”可知，2022年只有12%的美国成年人接触诗歌。故选B。 外刊题组精练 67 2．Why does the author believe that AI­generated poetry is more popular than human­authored poetry? A．Because AI poetry is more creative. B．Because AI poetry uses simpler and more direct language. C．Because AI poetry is written by famous authors. D．Because AI poetry is more emotional. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A Nature study found ... human poetry's complex emotions and metaphors.”可知，作者认为人工智能生成的诗歌更受欢迎是因为其使用更简单直接的语言。故选B。 外刊题组精练 68 3．What's the probable meaning of the underlined word “discard” in Paragraph 4? A．Improve. B．Abandon. C．Appreciate. D．Create. 解析：词义猜测题。在画线词所在句“caused us to discard our literary minds and trade them for convenience”中，“discard”与“trade ... for convenience (用……换取便利)”并列，结合语境可知，其意为“抛弃”，与abandon同义。故选B。 外刊题组精练 69 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．AI poetry is popular due to simplicity. B．AI threatens traditional literary forms. C．Social media impacts poetry engagement. D．Human poetry's depth resists AI replication. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了人工智能诗歌虽然受欢迎，但人类诗歌的深度是人工智能无法复制的。故选D。 外刊题组精练 70 R $