PART Ⅰ 专题1 第2讲 题型2 推理判断题-【金版教程】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT PART　Ⅰ　阅读篇 专题一　阅读（四选一） 第二讲　解题必杀技 题型二　推理判断题 推理判断题着重考查对文章深层含义的推理和判断能力。这种题型难度相对较高，因为答案不能直接从原文中获取，需要具备较强的综合理解能力。根据近几年高考来看，推断隐含意义、写作意图、观点态度为高频考点，而推断下段内容、文章出处、读者对象为低频考点。 推理判断题的正确选项特征 1.“立足原文，只推一步”，即根据原文内容，一步即可推得。 2.选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念。如only, never, all, absolutely等；正确答案的表述一般有一定模糊性，会使用一些留有余地的词汇，如often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably等。 技法 目录 CONTENTS 1 强化精练 2 外刊题组精练 3 技法 技法1　　推断细节题——“推敲关键词”法 技法 [真题指路]　(2025·全国二卷) Shrewsbury, Shropshire Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters—just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. 技法 22．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center? A．It's situated near a big island. B．It's almost surrounded by water. C．It's known for its flower festival. D．It's easily accessible from London. 解析：根据题干中的Shrewsbury Town Center定位至Shrewsbury, Shropshire部分第二句“The River Severn ... Shrewsbury Town Center.”可知，塞文河于什鲁斯伯里镇蜿蜒而过，几乎把镇中心变成了一个小岛。“变成小岛”意味着被水环绕，由此可推知，Shrewsbury镇中心几乎四面环水。故选 B。 技法 技法2　推断观点态度题——“忠于措辞”法 技法 技法 [真题指路]　(2024·全国甲卷) Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.” 技法 31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services? A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful. C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious. 解析：根据题干定位至“‘I was very impressed ... the treatment they want.’(‘医生和他们的助手在如此狭小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注且高度负责，这给我留下了深刻的印象，’Ducke (杜克)说，‘这是许多农村人获得他们所需治疗的最佳机会。’)”可推知，Ducke对Saint Lukas列车的服务持赞赏的态度。故选A。 技法 技法3　推断写作意图题——“文体类别”法 技法 技法 [真题指路]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse－like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco－machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. 26．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John's research plans. B．To show an application of John's idea. C．To compare John's different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John's invention. 解析：根据题干中的“Fuzhou”可以定位至“Over the years ... a city in southeast China.”文中通过列举福州案例，具体说明John (约翰)的理念在实际中的应用。由此可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示John想法的应用。故选B。 技法 技法4　推断文章出处/读者对象题——“内容类别”法 技法 技法 [真题指路]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. 技法 In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate__to. 技法 28．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book. B．An essay on the art of writing. C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A review of modern paintings. 解析：根据第一段中的“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is ... around the world.”及第二段中的“In this ‘book of books，’ ... different eras and cultures.”可知，本文介绍了Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers (《艺术中的阅读者》)这本书——它收录了近三百件来自世界各地博物馆的艺术品。文中多次以“这本书”为核心展开介绍，符合书籍引言的特征，由此可推知，本文最有可能出自一本书的引言。故选A。 技法 技法5　推断人物性格/品质题——“言行一致”法 技法 [真题指路]　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single－use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee. 技法 30．What can be concluded about BMF employees? A．They have a great passion for sports. B．They are devoted to community service. C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D．They have a strong environmental awareness. 解析：根据文中“BMF employees live ... avoiding single-use plastic.(BMF员工们在日常生活中践行可持续发展理念，约半数的员工步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶数量和避免使用一次性塑料来鼓励回收利用和减少浪费。) ”这一系列行为以及员工提到的“We are passionate ... in our environment (我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳排放和化学品)”这一语言表述可推知，BMF公司的员工在言行上都体现了很强的环保意识。故选D。 技法 强化精练 (2025·河南省许昌市高三下学期4月期中)Did you listen to the song? If the Moon has not yet come, the street lamp can also shine on the windowsill; the white camellia (山茶花) is slightly open. If the morning breeze has not yet come, the evening breeze can also blow into the arms; the ground tree shadow swings gently. Yes, it's a fantastic song. But do you know the song's background? This song is about the regret of a couple. Two people who love each other are separated because of the strong opposition of the woman's parents. The girl goes abroad, and the boy becomes a taxi driver. 强化精练 Ten years later, by chance, one day, the girl got into the boy‘s car and had separated from him for ten years. The girl was just like how she looked back then, and the boy’s face was full of vicissitudes (饱经沧桑). The boy recognized the girl but did not dare to greet her. He did not know whether the girl sitting in the back recognized him. Through the rearview (后视镜) mirror, the boy saw that the girl had dialed a phone. The girl seemed to be talking to her good friend on the phone. All the way, the girl had been talking on the phone about all sorts of things abroad, while the boy just listened silently. Finally, they arrived at the destination. The girl also hung up the phone and said, “I have told you my experience during this decade. Why don't you even say hello？” It turned out that the girl recognized the boy from the moment she got into the car. There was no one on the other side of the phone. Everything was said by the girl to the boy. At this moment, the boy had already choked up and said “Hello” with a trembling voice. 强化精练 The girl looked at the boy affectionately and then asked, “Can we go back？” “Go back? Of course. I can go back, but you have to pay more ...，” the boy said with a smile. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章以一首歌的歌词开头，讲述了一对相爱情侣因女方父母反对分离，十年后女孩坐上男孩的出租车，两人相认，女孩询问能否回到过去的故事。 强化精练 1．How had the boy changed after being separated from the girl for 10 years? A．Happy and strong. B．Wrinkled and humorous. C．Lonely and determined. D．Strong and confident. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The girl was just ... full of vicissitudes (饱经沧桑)．”可知，男孩经历十年变得饱经沧桑，可推测其面容可能有了皱纹；再结合最后一段中假装未曾意会女孩“回去”是指“回到过去”并以幽默方式回应可推知，男孩很幽默。故选B。 强化精练 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Both of their parents agreed to their being together. B．The girl didn't forget the boy, but the boy forgot her. C．They might be together in the end. D．The boy ended up poor, and the girl ended up rich. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段和最后一段可知，女孩提出回到过去的想法，男孩没有拒绝而是幽默回应，由此可推知，他们最后可能会在一起。故选C。 强化精练 3．What does the author want to express at the end of the story? A．The author wants them to be together. B．The author doesn't think they should be together. C．The author wishes them to pursue a better version of themselves. D．The author wants to express true love can stand the test of time. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，两人分离十年后重逢仍能相认，女孩主动询问“能否回到过去”，男孩以幽默回应接受。这些情节不仅体现重逢的温情，更传递出“即使分离十年，真爱仍在”的核心。由此可推知，作者借此想表达“真爱能经得起时间的考验”。故选D。 强化精练 4．Where might this story come from? A．A science magazine. B．A guide book. C．A comic book. D．A story book. 解析：推理判断题。文章讲述了一个爱情故事，符合故事书的内容特点，由此可推知，本文最有可能来自故事书。故选D。 强化精练 外刊题组精练 题组4　推断细节题——“推敲关键词”法 Born in Thailand in July 2024, plump pygmy hippo Moo Deng has won global adoration, embodying the rising fascination with cute animals that offer heartwarming escape in a world often overwhelmed by grim news. University of Washington psychology professor David Barash says watching animals is therapeutic. Moo Deng, a Thai­born pygmy hippo, went viral globally via social media photos and videos. Fans obsess over her teething and playful antics, boosting the zoo's social followers and visitor numbers to record highs. To protect her, the zoo limited visiting hours, set up a 24/7 livestream, and implemented safety measures. 外刊题组精练 32 Curtin University media sociologist Jin Lee says Moo Deng's wide appeal stems from her genuine relationship with her caretaker, noting he spent much time with her before posting content. Moo Deng and other adorable animals like Pesto the penguin and Hua Hua the giant panda have gained global online attention. A key reason is people's tendency to attribute human­like traits and emotions to them. Austrian ethologist Konrad Lorenz's “baby schema” concept explains this affection for cute features triggering care instincts. Moo Deng's popular posts often compare her to a toddler, such as learning to walk or seeking emotional support with a leaf. 外刊题组精练 33 Anthropomorphism (拟人化) can sometimes misread what animals are actually going through, Barash warns. But that much of Moo Deng's appeal seems to come from her perceived relatability isn't necessarily a bad thing, he suggests—and it isn't always off base. Animal behaviorists are increasingly comfortable with recognizing the obvious fact that many animals share a wide range of mental states with humans. Maybe we could all do with our own emotional­support leaf. Or maybe Moo Deng is already just that. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章以泰国小河马Moo Deng的走红为例，介绍了人们对可爱动物的喜爱及其背后的心理学和社会因素。 外刊题组精练 34 1．What can we infer from the zoo's new measures? A．Moo Deng's health is deteriorating due to stress. B．The zoo is struggling to manage overwhelming crowds. C．The zoo aims to increase profits through exclusivity. D．Visitors are prohibited from taking photos of Moo Deng. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“To protect her ... and implemented safety measures.”可知，为了保护它，动物园采取了限流、直播等措施。由此可推知，动物园正在努力应对庞大的人群。故选B。 外刊题组精练 35 2．What accounts for Moo Deng's popularity according to Jin Lee? A．The therapeutic benefits of the zoo. B．The authentic bond with her caretaker. C．The zoo's strategic marketing campaigns. D．The livestream's 24/7 access to Moo Deng. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Moo Deng's wide appeal stems from her genuine relationship with her caretaker”可知，它的受欢迎源于与饲养员之间真挚的关系。故选B。 外刊题组精练 36 3．What might Barash agree with regarding the anthropomorphism? A．It is unscientific and misleading. B．It is harmless as long as it entertains the audience. C．It can enhance public awareness of animal emotions. D．It can lead to misinterpretation, yet is not without foundation. 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Anthropomorphism (拟人化) can sometimes ... always off base.”可知，Barash (巴拉什)认为拟人化有时会误读动物的真实状态，但他也提到这种对Moo Deng的情感共鸣并不一定是件坏事而且并非完全没有根据。由此可推知，关于拟人化，Barash可能会同意，它可能导致误解，但并非毫无根据。故选D。 外刊题组精练 37 4．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Animals can be hits as humans. B．Moo Deng is a unique case of animal fame. C．People need their own emotional­support leaf. D．Moo Deng provides psychological support to people. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maybe we could all do with ... Moo Deng is already just that.”可知，作者将Moo Deng比作人们的情感支柱，由此可推知，最后一段暗示它为人们提供了心理支持。故选D。 外刊题组精练 38 Have you ever envisioned unlocking your phone using something as unique as your breath? In the constantly evolving landscape of technology, a new era of security is dawning, introducing the concept of a “breath fingerprint”. Unlike conventional methods relying on PINs or fingerprints, this innovative approach harnesses the unique characteristics of our breath to safeguard our personal devices. 外刊题组精练 39 Understanding how breath fingerprinting works is simpler than it sounds. Each person's breath carries a unique combination of chemical compounds (化合物) and moisture (水汽) levels. By capturing and analyzing these patterns, a phone equipped with this technology can create a personalized breath profile for its user. This profile serves as a digital key, unlocking the device only when a match is detected. One of the primary advantages of utilizing breath as a security measure is the enhanced level of protection it offers. While traditional methods may be susceptible (易受影响的) to unauthorized access, breath fingerprinting enhances security by tapping into an individual's physiological uniqueness. This makes it much harder to copy the required breath signature, boosting users' confidence in their devices' security. 外刊题组精练 40 Moreover, breath fingerprinting can eliminate memorization and input of PINs or passwords, reducing the risk of unauthorized access from forgotten login information or easily guessable combinations. In a world where digital threats are ever­present, the simplicity and effectiveness of breath­based security show great promise for the future. Beyond its robust security features, breath fingerprinting aims to enhance user convenience. Gone are the days of struggling to recall complex passwords or worrying about someone peeking as you enter your PIN. With this technology, unlocking your phone becomes as natural as taking a breath—quite literally. 外刊题组精练 41 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新生物识别技术：呼吸指纹，探讨了其作为手机安全验证方式的原理、优势及应用前景。 The seamless (无缝的) integration of breath fingerprinting into daily life extends beyond unlocking your device. Authorizing transactions and accessing apps with a breath simplifies user experience and adds freshness to smartphone interaction. 外刊题组精练 42 1．Why might breath fingerprinting reduce the risk of unauthorized access? A．It requires memorization of a complex password. B．It depends on an individual­based breath profile. C．It relies on complicated combinations to unlock. D．It uses a simpler, more user­friendly digital key. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By capturing and ... for its user.”及第三段中的“tapping into an individual's physiological uniqueness”可知，呼吸指纹识别通过利用个人的生理独特性打造个人的呼吸档案。由此可知，呼吸指纹识别可以降低未经授权访问的风险是因为它依赖于基于个人的呼吸档案。故选B。 外刊题组精练 43 2．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Remove. B．Explain. C．Recite. D．Expose. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“reducing the risk ... easily guessable combinations”可知，呼吸指纹能降低因遗忘的登录信息或容易被猜到的(密码)组合而导致未经授权访问的风险，由此可推知，此处介绍呼吸指纹的优势是能取消密码记忆和输入，由此可知，画线词表示“消除”，与remove同义。故选A。 外刊题组精练 44 3．How might breath fingerprinting impact daily smartphone use? A．It could reduce the frequency of device unlocking. B．It might increase users' dependence on memorization. C．It may simplify interactions beyond just unlocking. D．It would require users to carry additional equipment. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“extends beyond unlocking your device”可推知，呼吸指纹的便利性不仅限于解锁，还会渗透到其他交互场景。故选C。 外刊题组精练 45 4．What is the author's attitude toward breath fingerprinting? A．Skeptical and uncertain. B．Neutral and objective. C．Positive and favorable. D．Negative and critical. 解析：推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者暗示了这种加密方式的前沿性和创新性，介绍了其优点，并直接表达了对呼吸指纹技术发展前景的看好，由此可推知，作者对呼吸指纹识别持积极和赞许的态度。故选C。 外刊题组精练 46 At the 1936 Berlin Olympics, African­American athlete Jesse Owens overcame racial prejudice to win four gold medals in the 100m, 200m, 4×100m relay, and long jump, single­handedly shattering Hitler's Aryan superiority myth. While Owens' accomplishment was unique, he might have lost one of his gold medals had it not been for the advice from an unlikely ally (盟友)—German long jumper Luz Long. During the long jump event, Owens fouled (犯规) on his first two attempts and had only one final chance to qualify for the final. In an act of sportsmanship, Long walked up and suggested Owens change his mark and take off well before the foul line in order to avoid another foul. Following Long's advice, Owens jumped a distance of 25 feet on his final try to qualify for the final. 外刊题组精练 47 Owens won gold with an Olympic­record 8.06m jump, while Long took silver at 7.87m. Long congratulated Owens, walked arm­in­arm with him, and posed for photos—a display of sportsmanship that left Owens deeply moved. “All my medals can't compare to the friendship with Luz Long，” he said. Owens and Long stayed connected even after the Games. Long lost his life during the Battle of St Pietro later in 1943, but he wrote a touching letter to Owens before he died. In the letter, he begged Owens to find his young son after the war and tell him about his father. 外刊题组精练 48 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了非裔美国运动员Jesse Owens (杰西·欧文斯)和德国运动员Luz Long (卢兹·朗)在比赛中建立了跨越种族和国籍的珍贵友谊的故事，向人们展示了真正的体育精神。 Years have passed by but their bond still serves as a strong message, highlighting “how things can be between men on this earth”， as written in the letter. 外刊题组精练 49 1．What can be inferred from the first paragraph about the 1936 Berlin Olympics? A．It was free from racial discrimination against African­American athletes. B．Hitler's political agenda was intertwined with the event's narrative. C．Jesse Owens' achievements were overshadowed by political tensions. D．The Olympic Committee actively opposed Hitler's Aryan superiority claims. 解析：推理判断题。第一段提到Jesse Owens单枪匹马粉碎了希特勒的雅利安人优越论神话，说明希特勒利用奥运会宣扬雅利安人优越论，而Owens的胜利直接冲击了这一议程。由此可推知，奥运会与希特勒的政治议程相互交织。故选B。 外刊题组精练 50 2．Why did Luz Long help Jesse Owens during the long jump? A．He wanted to undermine the Nazi regime's ideology. B．He prioritized sportsmanship over political tensions. C．He feared Owens would fail without his advice. D．He sought to gain fame by associating with Owens. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，德国选手Long在Owens濒临淘汰时主动提供技术建议，这一行为被明确描述为体育精神的体现。由此可推知，Luz Long把体育精神置于政治紧张关系之上。故选B。 外刊题组精练 51 3．Which of the following can best describe Long? A．Ambitious and professional. B．Smart and confident. C．Tough and devoted. D．Brave and generous. 解析：推理判断题。根据题干“best describe Long”定位至第二、三段，Long在纳粹统治下的德国，不顾政治压力主动帮助黑人运动员Owens，体现了他的勇敢；他无私分享技术建议，且赛后真诚祝贺并与Owens建立友谊，体现了他的慷慨。由此可推知，Long勇敢且慷慨。故选D。 外刊题组精练 52 4．What message does the story of Owens and Long convey? A．Equality is essential for Olympic Games. B．Death is insignificant in the face of brotherhood. C．The power of friendship bridges racial divides. D．Common goals unite people from diverse backgrounds. 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了Jesse Owens和Luz Long在比赛中建立了跨越种族的友谊，由此可知，从他们的故事中可得出，友谊的力量弥合了种族分歧。故选C。 外刊题组精练 53 题组5　推断观点态度题——“忠于措辞”法 TikTok has many clever tips and tricks to make life a little easier. From creative advice to practical skills, there is something for everyone on the video sharing app. Many of these methods have left viewers open­mouthed at their simplicity or scratching their heads as to why they hadn't thought of them first. But to save you some boring scrolling (滚屏), we have made a list of the best TikTok life tips. Ready to be impressed? 外刊题组精练 54 Chop onions Chopping onions is an emotional experience or, at least, it looks it. The vegetable can make us tear up, and salty liquid flowing down your cheeks is never a stylish look. However, a woman created a makeshift protective gear out of a hooded sweatshirt (连帽运动衫) and a pan cover.Next step, New York Fashion Week. Clean car headlights It is vital that your car's headlights stay in good working order so as to keep you safe. If yours are fogged up, just use a lemon and some baking soda. Many netizens have claimed that this method can save them some serious cash. 外刊题组精练 55 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了TikTok上流行的三个生活小妙招。 Bathe your dog If your dog hates having a bath, why not try peanut butter? While this one may seem ridiculous, a TikTok video has shown it is effective. In the clip the pet can be seen licking it off the side of the tub, as his owner cleans his fur. “I don't even know I am having a bath. All I know is peanut butter，” the caption (字幕) reads. 外刊题组精练 56 1．What can we infer from the first TikTok life tip? A．Chopping onions can make you upset. B．You can find the protective gear in New York. C．The makeshift protective gear is creative. D．It's stylish to have tears flowing down your cheeks. 解析：推理判断题。根据Chop onions部分可推知，一位女士用连帽运动衫和锅盖自制切洋葱的临时防护装备，由此可推知，这体现了该装备富有创意。故选C。 外刊题组精练 57 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．The tips and tricks sound easy but are difficult to apply. B．You can use a lemon and some baking soda to bathe your dog. C．Cleaning car headlights with a lemon and some baking soda is economical. D．The author finds bathing a dog with the help of peanut butter ridiculous. 解析：细节理解题。根据Clean car headlights部分中的“Many netizens have claimed that this method can save them some serious cash.”可知，许多网民声称用柠檬和小苏打清洗车灯的方法可以帮他们省下一大笔钱，即这种方法经济实惠。故选C。 外刊题组精练 58 3．What is the author's attitude towards the TikTok life tips mentioned in the article? A．Skeptical and critical. B．Enthusiastic and supportive. C．Indifferent and neutral. D．Amused but dismissive. 解析：推理判断题。作者开篇用“clever tips”“creative advice”等积极词汇描述技巧，主动整理列表帮读者“save some boring scrolling”，并以“Ready to be impressed？”激发读者兴趣，由此可推知，作者对文中提到的技巧充满热情与支持。故选B。 外刊题组精练 59 In Japan, companies use taste sensors to monitor the quality of products. These devices measure the strength of the five basic tastes: salty, sweet, sour, bitter, umami (鲜味的)—and give each a numerical value. It struck me that if taste could be quantified, perhaps it could also be recreated. I made foods, such as pizza and fries, into liquid, measured how they were rated, then made 10 liquid samples that each represented an aspect of the taste. When copying the taste of food, it's like following a recipe; I combined the 10 liquid samples to reflect the taste sensor's measurements of the liquefied (液化) dish. 外刊题组精练 60 Taste the TV (TTTV), released in 2021, looks like a television screen—but you can lick it. Once the viewer selects a dish from the screen menu, an image of the food will appear, and above the screen a device containing my liquid flavour samples in air cans will spray in a combination that creates the taste of the chosen food. They can enjoy the taste of pizza without even biting into a slice. My invention was received pretty well worldwide. I would love this technology to become an important part in households worldwide, like any other home appliance. It could broaden our cooking horizons, and help people with food allergies enjoy certain dishes through these regenerated flavours, without any negative reactions. Users could access a library of flavours—like movies on streaming platforms. 外刊题组精练 61 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者基于味觉传感器技术开发的模拟食物味道的创新发明，并展望了其在未来家庭中的应用前景。 I'm grateful that my work in this field is gaining recognition. I'm excited about what lies ahead, and I believe this is just the starting point for tele­taste media. Perhaps in 10 years we could implant a device, allowing people to experience any taste they could dream of at any moment. 外刊题组精练 62 1．Why does the author mention taste sensors used by Japanese companies? A．To introduce the progress of Japan. B．To tell the function of taste sensors. C．To show the source of his inspiration. D．To display the tools of the technology. 解析：推理判断题。第一段提到日本公司使用味觉传感器量化味道，作者由此产生灵感——“if taste could be quantified, perhaps it could also be recreated (如果味道可以被量化，那么也许也可以被重视)”。由此可推知，作者提及味觉传感器是为了说明其发明的灵感来源。故选C。 外刊题组精练 63 2．What can be inferred about the design of Taste the TV (TTTV)? A．It prioritizes visual appeal over practical functionality. B．Its interface is designed to mimic traditional cooking tools. C．It combines digital imagery with physical flavor delivery. D．The device requires users to prepare liquid samples in advance. 解析：推理判断题。第二段提到，用户从屏幕菜单选择菜品后，会显示食物图像，同时上方设备通过空气罐喷洒液体味道样本。由此可推知，TTTV将数字图像与物理味道结合。故选C。 外刊题组精练 64 3．What is the author's attitude towards his work? A．Skeptical. B．Cautious. C．Negative. D．Hopeful. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“My invention was received pretty well” “I would love this technology to become an important part”及最后一段中的“I'm excited about what lies ahead”可推知，作者对自己作品的态度是充满希望的。故选D。 外刊题组精练 65 4．What does the underlined word “implant” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Fit into. B．Look into. C．Put into. D．Get into. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“allowing people to ... at any moment”可知，此处指将设备植入体内，以便随时体验任何味觉。implant意为“植入”，与put into同义。故选C。 外刊题组精练 66 In a warehouse in Moscow's southern suburbs, bins overflowing with plastic bottles and containers stretch toward the ceiling. At weekends, hundreds of people queue up to drop off carefully sorted rubbish at Sobirator, a nonprofit center and one of the few recycling sites in the Russian capital. “For more than 20 years, trash didn't worry anyone，” says Valeria Korosteleva, Sobirator's head. “We have a lot of territory, so everything went straight to the dump.” That may be about to change. Last week Moscow city authorities announced a plan to introduce recycling bins in courtyards across the city by the end of the year. 外刊题组精练 67 For Russia this would amount to a minor revolution: While EU member states recovered an average of 60 percent of their waste, Russia recycled just 4 percent, a World Bank study found in 2012. That means that landfill has taken up the slack (空缺). Such dumps cover some four million hectares in Russia, an area roughly the size of Switzerland. Yet Moscow's leaders have hardly undergone a green awakening. Instead, rubbish has become a hot potato. Landfill sites around the capital are full; Moscow plans to ship its rubbish to the provinces. Residents of those regions are against the region still being treated as Moscow's bin. “It's about dignity，” says Elena Kalinina, an environmentalist. 外刊题组精练 68 The fiercest resistance has come from Elena Kalinina's home region of Arkhangelsk. Protests have been continuing there since late last year, drawing thousands. Environmentalists have built a tent camp at the planned landfill site in Shiyes. “The Russian North is Not a Dump，” they chant. Environmentalists now demand not only an end to landfill construction but also an effective action to handle the rubbish problems. 外刊题组精练 69 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章通过讲述了莫斯科垃圾处理问题引发的社会和环保运动，以及政府计划引入回收系统的背景和挑战。 If there is a silver lining to the garbage, this is it. Just as ecology became an outlet for civic environmentalism in the past, so too have today's rubbish problems. Moscow's junk, in short, may be civil society's treasure. 外刊题组精练 70 1．Why do the local people protest against the rubbish from Moscow? A．They are unsatisfied with the local government. B．They want to preserve their own dignity. C．They don't know how to recycle the rubbish. D．They want to protect their land from being occupied. 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句可知，当地居民为了维护自己的尊严，强烈反对莫斯科向他们所在的地区倾倒垃圾。故选B。 外刊题组精练 71 2．What does the tent camp in Shiyes indicate about Russian environmentalists? A．They accept landfill construction under certain conditions. B．They lack the resources to organize large­scale protests. C．They are committed to long­term resistance against landfills. D．They prefer peaceful negotiations to direct action. 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Protests have been continuing there since late last year”可推知，他们以实际行动进行长期抵制垃圾填埋场。故选C。 外刊题组精练 72 3．What does the underlined word “this” refer to in the last paragraph? A．The rubbish problems of Moscow. B．The strong resistance from environmentalists. C．The plan of the landfill construction. D．The tent camp built at the landfill site. 解析：指代判断题。前文描述了环保人士对莫斯科垃圾处理方案的强烈抵制行动(搭建帐篷营地、组织持续抗议等)，最后一段中的“there is ... to the garbage”提到这些行动是垃圾危机中的一线希望。由此可知，this指代的是环保主义者的强烈抵制。故选B。 外刊题组精练 73 4．What is the author's attitude to the rubbish problems in Moscow? A．Concerned. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Unclear. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Moscow's junk，in short，may be civil society's treasure.”可知，作者认为莫斯科的垃圾可能会是公民社会的财富，由此可推知，作者对莫斯科的垃圾问题持乐观的态度。故选C。 外刊题组精练 74 题组6　推断写作意图题——“文体类别”法 Some neuroscientists characterize the conscious mind as a passive bystander governed by unconscious processes, arguing that conscious decisions are consistently preceded by unconscious activity that influences the conscious outcome. Paradoxically, this suggests the “pre­conscious” is also “post­conscious” in shaping awareness. When choosing a word like “inadequate”， the selection isn't conscious—we don't recall a list and deliberate. Instead, the word pops into mind. While writers note the unconscious brain processes involved, they often miss that the right word doesn't appear randomly: it emerges because we've consciously held the idea needing expression. This distinction is crucial. 外刊题组精练 75 When the right word doesn't come immediately, memory joggers like recalling similar words in another language, past usage scenarios, or focusing on prefixes (e.g., “in­”) can help find it.When “mistaken” first came to mind instead of “inadequate”， I paused to weigh its drawbacks and realized it might hurt readers disagreeing with my view. In the previous paragraph, the terms “occurred” and “came to mind” signal the results of an unconscious cue, while “thought about” and “concluding” are elements of conscious thought. If we call unconscious activity “U” and conscious activity “C”， the pattern can be summarized as: “C→U→C”. Consciousness informs the unconscious, which then informs consciousness. 外刊题组精练 76 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了意识与无意识存在“C→U→C”(意识触发无意识、无意识反馈至意识)的交互作用模式。 What we remember is a reconstruction of what we've previously been conscious of. That which has not seized our attention goes unrecorded. The significance of this, as Catherine Price has put it is that “Our lives are what we pay attention to.” 外刊题组精练 77 1．Why does the author talk about “inadequate”？ A．To take choices into account. B．To support the topic concept. C．To summarize the word production. D．To highlight the academic value. 解析：推理判断题。作者以“inadequate”为例，描述选择该词时并非有意识地从列表中挑选，而是“灵光一现”，同时强调这一过程中“有意识持有需要表达的想法”是直接支撑文章核心论点——意识(C)与无意识(U)的互动模式(C→U→C)的关键因素。由此可推知，作者通过具体词汇选择的场景是为了支撑主题概念。故选B。 外刊题组精练 78 2．What can be inferred about the relationship between conscious attention and word retrieval? A．Conscious attention actively blocks irrelevant words from emerging. B．The unconscious mind retrieves words based on prior conscious focus. C．Words “pop into mind” purely by chance without mental preparation. D．Conscious thought directly generates vocabulary without unconscious involvement. 解析：推理判断题。第二段强调，合适的词汇并非偶然出现，而是由于“意识对需要表达的概念进行了片刻关注”。由此可推知，无意识的词汇检索依赖于意识预先设定的焦点。故选B。 外刊题组精练 79 3．What can you infer from Catherine's explanation in the last paragraph? A．Attention directs “C→U→C” interactions. B．Conscious mind dominates “C→U→C” decisions. C．Memory reconstructs “C→U→C” experiences. D．Unconscious mind is independent of “C→U→C”． 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our lives are what we pay attention to.”可知，Catherine Price (凯瑟琳·普顿斯)强调了注意力在认知过程中的核心作用。作者通过这一观点进一步说明，我们的记忆和认知是由我们所关注的内容塑造的，而未被注意的内容则不会被记录。结合前文提到的“C→U→C”模式可推知，注意力在这一交互过程中起到了主导作用。故选A。 外刊题组精练 80 4．What is the main argument of the passage? A．Unconscious processes are more powerful than conscious decisions. B．Conscious and unconscious activities interact to shape cognition. C．Choosing words depends on unconscious brain mechanisms. D．Memory reconstruction is a conscious but significant process. 解析：主旨大意题。全文通过分析词汇选择的过程，揭示了意识与无意识活动的动态交互关系(“C→U→C”模式)。作者指出，意识与无意识并非独立运作，而是通过相互作用共同影响我们的思维和行为。由此可知，B项(有意识和无意识的活动相互作用以塑造认知。)概括文章主旨。故选B。 外刊题组精练 81 As the number of gamers grows rapidly, school districts are rushing to approve esports clubs. However, the way esports are implemented in schools will determine whether young people can engage in a healthy, safe, and balanced version of the activity. Using esports responsibly in schools depends on properly defining “esports”. Esports isn't just about video gaming. It is the recognition of video gaming as a source of competitive play within a structured group environment. Contrary to the outdated view that gamers are unhealthy, unsociable and untidy, esports now mostly brings healthy, social and structured team play to gaming. 外刊题组精练 82 By embracing esports, schools can leverage its growth to engage students in value­driven activities instead of passive pastimes. A core value is that physical and mental wellness is vital for competitive esports. Esports organizations now prioritize health to boost athlete performance, reduce injuries/fatigue, and extend careers, adopting strategies from traditional sports: gym training, preventive stretching, limited practice hours, and focus on diet/sleep. 外刊题组精练 83 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学校引入电子竞技的优势与风险，强调需要负责任地推广电子竞技，确保其对学生的健康、社交有益。 Politicians and educators should take a page out of this professional playbook. Instead of building esports facilities and enabling on­screen practice, equal emphasis should be placed on promoting general health and wellness. A comprehensive approach to esports would also help monitor and reduce the real danger of gaming addiction. National and local leaders must be ready to fight against the risk of addiction by rolling out esports in a responsible manner and as part of an extracurricular experience that promotes balanced digital play through the search for best training time to improve individual or team skills. 外刊题组精练 84 1．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2? A．Highlight Gen. G's training strategies. B．Encourage investment in esports clubs. C．Clarify the true nature of esports. D．Support video gaming development. 解析：推理判断题。第二段中的“Using esports responsibly ... a structured group environment.”点明该段的主旨，在学校负责任地开展电竞活动取决于正确定义“电子竞技”；后续的解释也是围绕此句展开，帮助人们建立对“电子竞技”的正确认识。由此可推知，作者在第二段想要阐明电子竞技的真正本质。故选C。 外刊题组精练 85 2．What does the author imply about the role of physical and mental wellness in esports? A．It is an unnecessary addition to traditional gaming practices. B．It is central to enhancing competitive performance and longevity. C．It is only relevant for professional esports athletes, not students. D．It contradicts the primary goal of esports, which is entertainment. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“physical and mental wellness is vital for competitive esports”和“boost athlete performance, reduce injuries/fatigue, and extend careers”可知，身心健康对电子竞技至关重要，它能提高运动员的表现，减少受伤或疲劳，延长职业生涯。由此可推知，身心健康对提升竞技表现和延长职业生涯至关重要。故选B。 外刊题组精练 86 3．What can be inferred from the mention of “gaming addiction” in the last paragraph? A．The author believes esports inherently leads to addiction. B．A comprehensive esports program can help mitigate addiction risks. C．Addiction is not a real concern in structured school esports. D．Schools should avoid esports entirely to prevent addiction. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A comprehensive approach to esports ... the real danger of gaming addiction.”可知，全面的电子竞技方法有助于监测和减少游戏成瘾的真正危险，由此可推知，一个全面的电子竞技项目有助于降低成瘾风险。故选B。 外刊题组精练 87 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Schools are where esports might belong. B．Esports are facing challenges in schools. C．Esports should be introduced to schools responsibly. D．Schools should combine esports with traditional sports. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了电子竞技在学校中的普及情况和潜在影响；第二段解释了电子竞技不仅是视频游戏，还涵盖了健康、社交和团队合作等方面；第三段讨论了学校如何利用电子竞技吸引学生参与更有意义的活动，强调了健康管理在提高电子竞技竞争力中的作用；最后一段提出了政治家和教育者在推广电子竞技时应采取的综合方法。综上所述，本文主要介绍的是学校应该负责任地引入电子竞技。故选C。 外刊题组精练 88 I once closely studied a photo of Princess Diana and became convinced she was Lena Dunham. The image of Lady Di's face was tightly cropped, obscuring her hair; nevertheless, I've since been gently told that the two women's facial features bear little resemblance liable to cause confusion. Unless, of course, one is face blind. I didn't know what face blindness was until about a decade ago when I took a quiz online and found I could hardly recognize any of the 20 wildly famous faces. This was not a lack of cultural awareness on my part: I've always had trouble picking my parents out of a crowd. I just assumed everyone else did, too. 外刊题组精练 89 I likely have face blindness as described in Sharrona Pearl's new book Do I Know You？， where the Drexel professor explores the cultural history of faces and reveals their hidden meanings. “Recognizing people has never been harder, given the number of people in the world，” Pearl writes, “and it has never been easier, given how much we encounter others on screen as labeled faces.” The book serves as a clinical yet compelling (令人信服的) breakdown of how a condition grew from something no one had identified or understood to a household concept over the course of more than a century. 外刊题组精练 90 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章结合了作者的自身经历和Sharrona Pearl (莎罗纳·珀尔)在其研究中的相关发现，介绍了脸盲症的表现及发展史。 “Face blindness” (1899 term, 1947 diagnosis) became well-known via Oliver Sacks' 2010 essay; Pearl hypothesizes it mattered less earlier due to small social circles. 外刊题组精练 91 1．Why does the author mention Princess Diana and Lena Dunham? A．To introduce the topic of face blindness. B．To prove how similar the two ladies look. C．To explain why people have face blindness. D．To share his experience of studying facial features. 解析：推理判断题。第一段主要介绍了作者误将Princess Diana (戴安娜王妃)的照片认成是Lena Dunham (莉娜·邓纳姆)的经历，说明这种混淆是脸盲症的表现，由此可推知，提及二人是为了引出脸盲症话题。故选A。 外刊题组精练 92 2．What can be inferred from the author's experience with the online quiz? A．The author's inability to recognize famous faces stemmed from lack of cultural knowledge. B．The quiz results confirmed the author's long­standing suspicion of face blindness. C．The author discovered a personal struggle with face recognition was not universal. D．Most people struggle to identify 20 famous faces in such quizzes. 解析：推理判断题。第二段提到作者通过在线测试发现自己难以识别名人的面孔，且一直以为别人也和自己一样，但实际并非如此。由此可推知，作者发现自己的面部识别困难并非普遍现象。故选C。 外刊题组精练 93 3．What does Pearl think of recognizing people? A．It serves as an effective tool for socializing. B．It takes a very long time to learn how to do it well. C．It is hard to encounter people through the Internet. D．It becomes more difficult due to the huge number of people. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Recognizing people has never been harder, given the number of people in the world”可知，Pearl认为由于世界上人数巨大，辨认人变得更困难了。故选D。 外刊题组精练 94 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The definition of face blindness. B．The history of the term face blindness. C．The importance studying face blindness. D．The reasons why recognizing faces is critical. 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，该段按时间顺序梳理了“脸盲症”这一术语的发展史。故选B。 外刊题组精练 95 题组7　推断文章出处/读者对象题——“内容类别”法 The number of marriage registrations on May 20, 2025 made headlines over the weekend, despite declines in a few places compared with 2024. The number of couples getting married will remain stable in the coming years, based on the huge population base in China, a Chinese demographic (人口统计学的) expert said. 外刊题组精练 96 May 20 has become a popular date for marriage registration among Chinese young people, as “520” is pronounced like “I love you” in Chinese, boosting sales of related products and services such as wedding banquets, roses and hotel bookings. Many Chinese newlyweds reportedly lined up overnight outside marriage registration offices to tie__the__knot,__according to media reports. Including Beijing, Shanghai and South China's Guangdong Province, local civil affairs bureaus in multiple places on Sunday announced the number of marriages on Saturday. 外刊题组精练 97 A total of 4，087 couples registered their marriages in Beijing, 2，097 couples tied the knot in Shanghai, 16，000 couples married in Southwest China's Sichuan Province and 11，156 couples were registered in East China's Jiangsu Province, along with 7，155 couples in Southwest China's Yunnan Province, 6，873 couples in Southwest China's Guizhou, 6，270 couples in East China's Fujian Province, 1，195 couples in Northwest China's Qinghai Province, and as many as 12，450 couples in Guangdong. 外刊题组精练 98 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国2025年5月20日的结婚热潮。 Experts said multiple factors affect marriage registration numbers on specific days, including date connotations, the young adult population base, and marriage willingness. According to the National Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, marriage numbers are declining but will stay stable in the next few years, with a major turning point after 2035, demographer Song Jian from Renmin University told the Global Times. 外刊题组精练 99 1．Why is May 20 popular for marriage registration in China? A．It marks the start of wedding season. B．The date sounds like “I love you” in Chinese. C．It is a traditional festival for couples. D．Registration offices offer discounts. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“as ‘520’ is pronounced like ‘I love you’ in Chinese”可知，520因发音类似“我爱你”而成为结婚登记热门日期。故选B。 外刊题组精练 100 2．What can we infer from the expert's statement? A．Marriage rates will rise sharply after 2035. B．China's population base guarantees stable marriages. C．Young people's marriage willingness is increasing. D．Fewer couples will register on special dates. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The number of couples ... based on the huge population base in China”可推知，基于中国庞大的人口基数，未来几年结婚的情侣数量将保持稳定。故选B。 外刊题组精练 101 3．What does the underlined phrase “tie the knot” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Get married. B．Cancel a wedding. C．Book a banquet. D．Line up overnight. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句中的“Many Chinese newlyweds reportedly ... to tie__the__knot (据媒体报道，许多中国新婚夫妇在婚姻登记处外通宵排队以‘tie the knot’)”并结合全文主题(结婚登记日盛况)及后续数据(各地登记人数统计)可知，“tie the knot”在此指代“完成结婚登记”这一行为，与“get married”同义。故选A。 外刊题组精练 102 4．Where is this article most likely from? A．A fashion magazine. B．A science journal. C．A news report. D．A government report. 解析：推理判断题。文章引用了时效性数据和专家观点，整体是关于一件时事的报道。由此可推知，这篇文章最有可能来自一篇新闻报道。故选C。 外刊题组精练 103 We all aspire to offer our children the best possible guidance, but when it comes to the question of which path they should pursue after their education and what career opportunities exist, where exactly should we begin? “For parents, the most important thing is to keep options open and to understand that equipping them with life skills is important，” says secondary school and A­level teacher David Earl. Your child likely knows “growth” and “fixed mindset”. A growth mindset means intelligence can be developed—kids with this seek challenges, knowing perseverance leads to success. A fixed mindset assumes intelligence is innate and unchangeable. 外刊题组精练 104 Help your child prepare for closed doors, tough interviews, and rejection letters by encouraging them to embrace them and understand that none of them is failure. Remind them of things they've overcome, suggesting they view every negative as a chance to learn and grow, rather than an end point. Employers seek diverse life skills like resilience, problem­solving, leadership, and creative thinking. Encouraging children to focus on these non­academic skills is beneficial. Barclays LifeSkills highlights key future career skills, such as video/audio communication (over writing) and collaborating with diverse generations and backgrounds. 外刊题组精练 105 Good grades and passing assignments may seem like the most important things to your child right now, but try to encourage them to also think of longer­term goals. By thinking of a long­term goal, you may be able to identify areas they need to improve. Thinking about the future can be overwhelming,__but it's important that your child understands that the next step is just that one small step. It doesn't have to be anything as huge as what career to pursue or which course to take. This is a team effort: Ask teachers, lecturers or friends, or use Barclays LifeSkills for free and helpful tools and tips. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就父母如何引导孩子规划未来提出了建议。 外刊题组精练 106 1．What can we learn from the passage? A．Every negative experience means an end point. B．Planning for their children's future is only parents' job. C．People with a fixed mindset believes that their intelligence is limited. D．What children should care about are good grades and passing assignments. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A fixed mindset assumes intelligence is innate and unchangeable.”可知，固定型思维模式认为，智力是与生俱来且不可改变的，也就是他们认为自己的智力是有限的。故选C。 外刊题组精练 107 2．Why does the author mention Barclays LifeSkills in Paragraph 5? A．To criticize traditional education for neglecting practical skills. B．To promote a specific brand's tools for skill development. C．To provide an example of resources that identify emerging career skills. D．To argue that all schools should adopt its curriculum. 解析：推理判断题。第五段首先表明雇主寻求多种生活技能，应鼓励孩子关注非学术技能，紧接着提到 Barclays LifeSkills 强调了关键的未来职业技能，比如视频/音频沟通(而非写作)以及与不同代际和背景的人合作等。由此可推知，作者提及Barclays LifeSkills是为举例说明识别新兴职业技能的资源。故选C。 外刊题组精练 108 3．What does the underlined word “overwhelming” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Difficult. B．Small. C．Impossible. D．Complicated. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“but it's important that ... one small step(但是重要的是让孩子明白下一步只是一小步)”可知，overwhelming在这里表达的是思考未来这件事是比较有难度、让人有压力的，和difficult意思相符。故选A。 外刊题组精练 109 4．Who is this article addressed to? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Teachers. D．Lecturers. 解析：推理判断题。文章多处出现“your child”“For parents”等表述，从父母的角度给出关于孩子教育和未来规划的建议，由此可推知，这篇文章是写给父母的。故选B。 外刊题组精练 110 Few match nonagenarian TV presenter Sir David in symbolizing wonder at nature. He's campaigned to end plastic use (crews find it worldwide), claiming oceans “ought never” to have it and much “ought not” be made. The first is reasonable; the second ignores plastics' immense human/environmental benefits. While plastics' drawbacks are obvious, their waste/cost­reducing benefits are overlooked. They enable lightweight, durable, cheap new materials vital in construction, automotive and electronics. 外刊题组精练 111 Take food as an example. Plastic packaging prevents perishable foodstuffs from spoiling, making possible global trade in meat, fish, fruit and vegetables. It enables essentials like rice, cooking oil and powdered milk to be stored and distributed safely and cheaply. A one­litre plastic bottle weighs 5% as much as a glass one; plastic packaging thus reduces shipping costs and emissions. Plastics have also eased the world's reliance on older materials, and on the living beings from which many of them came.There are perhaps 10 million pianos in the world. If all their white keys were made of ivory, how many elephants would remain? 外刊题组精练 112 Just as the benefits of plastics are often unseen, however，so are some potential harms. The visible blight of discarded waste strewn across otherwise lovely landscapes, often to the detriment of wildlife, used to be one of the principal charges against plastics. Now there is growing concern about what happens when they break up into microscopic fragments invisible to the naked eye. In the past decade such “microplastics” have been found in food chains, in human brains and even in the apparently pristine snow of Antarctica. 外刊题组精练 113 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章辩证分析了塑料的利弊。 Detectability≠danger (just instrument sensitivity). But history shows ubiquitous industrial materials (e.g., lead paint/petrol) caused unforeseen widespread harm, recognized too late. Microplastics' prevalence needs urgent, coordinated research; swift action if harms found. 外刊题组精练 114 1．What is a key advantage of plastic packaging in food trade? A．It enhances the nutritional value of perishable foods. B．It reduces energy consumption during transportation. C．It allows food to be stored indefinitely without spoiling. D．It increases the weight of products for safer shipping. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A one­litre plastic ... reduces shipping costs and emissions.”可知，塑料包装因重量轻，能降低运输成本和排放，即减少运输过程中的能源消耗。故选B。 外刊题组精练 115 2．Why does the author mention pianos and ivory in Paragraph 4? A．To criticize the unethical sourcing of traditional materials. B．To illustrate how plastics reduce reliance on natural resources. C．To compare the durability of ivory with modern alternatives. D．To highlight the cultural value of historical instruments. 解析：推理判断题。第四段提到钢琴键若用象牙制作会导致大象数量锐减，而塑料替代象牙可减少对自然资源的依赖。由此可推知，作者借此例子说明塑料如何减少对自然资源的依赖。故选B。 外刊题组精练 116 3．The underlined word “blight” in Paragraph 5 most likely means ________． A．growth B．contamination C．beauty D．decay 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“often to the detriment ... charges against plastics(经常损害野生动物，这曾是对塑料的主要指控之一)”可知，blight指废弃塑料对自然景观造成视觉与生态污染，与后文微塑料的危害形成呼应。故选B。 外刊题组精练 117 4．Where is this article most likely from? A．A celebrity gossip magazine. B．A scientific research journal. C．An environmental policy debate forum. D．A technical engineering newsletter. 解析：推理判断题。全文围绕塑料对环境的影响展开辩证讨论，指出其在减少浪费、替代材料等方面的益处，也分析了微塑料污染等潜在危害，并呼吁政策层面的研究与行动。由此可推知，该文章最可能来自环境政策辩论论坛。故选C。 外刊题组精练 118 题组8　推断人物性格/品质题——“言行一致”法 Every November, as Thanksgiving Day approaches, one memory comes to my mind. At my big Turkish family's get­togethers, baklava (果仁蜜饼) is the norm at the dessert table. There's rolled baklava, nut­filled baklava and chocolate­dipped baklava. One year, though, back when I was in high school, my cousin Johnny decided to change things up a bit. He showed up at my parents' house for Thanksgiving with two items that had never been served before: apple pie and a can of cream. Those two items caused one of the biggest arguments. I distinctly remember my mom and aunts whispering in the kitchen. 外刊题组精练 119 “Apple pie？” one of my aunts said. “How to do with this？” I can still recall my mom's puzzled expression at it all. If there's one thing in this world mom distrusts, it's fruit­filled desserts, a no­no in our cuisine culture. “Why would you bake fruits into a dessert when you can eat them fresh？” she often says. The cream only made things worse. My mom didn't want to hurt Johnny's feelings. In a true act of love, she put the pie out on the dining room table, accompanied by the cream. It went mostly untouched. 外刊题组精练 120 Nowadays, things are different. We actually have pie at Thanksgiving. My mom regularly makes pie (the fear of fruit­filled sweets continues, but desserts topped with fruits or nuts have been given the okay). We still laugh about the drama caused by Johnny's apple pie. I'll never forget it. It wasn't just about the pie for me. Growing up, I sometimes felt like an outsider because of my culture. That Thanksgiving, though, was one of the first times I realized that my family's oddness was actually a good thing. It's__what__made__us. What about you? Which Thanksgiving sticks out as your most memorable one? 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者土耳其家庭在感恩节上对苹果派这一“外来”甜点的态度变化，反映了文化差异、家庭包容及个人身份认同的成长。 外刊题组精练 121 1．The purpose of the first paragraph is to introduce ________． A．the unique family tradition B．different kinds of baklava C．the background of the story D．the customs of Thanksgiving Day 解析：细节理解题。第一段介绍了在作者的土耳其家庭中，有在感恩节聚会上常吃果仁蜜饼的传统，由此可知，其目的是为后文表弟Johnny (约翰尼)带来苹果派引发的故事做背景铺垫。故选C。 外刊题组精练 122 2．Johnny's apple pie ________． A．ruined the festival atmosphere B．challenged family traditions C．resulted in a family quarrel D．contributed to a heavy meal 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“two items that had never been served before”及第五段中的“a no­no in our cuisine culture”可推知，苹果派挑战了家庭饮食传统。故选B。 外刊题组精练 123 3．Which of the following is the best description of the author's mom? A．Serious and honest. B．Generous and strict. C．Humorous and caring. D．Considerate and flexible. 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“My mom didn't want ... accompanied by the cream.”和第七段中的“My mom regularly makes pie”可知，妈妈因不想伤害Johnny的感情选择摆出苹果派，体现了她的体贴；如今妈妈也会经常做苹果派，并且灵活变通。由此可推知，作者的妈妈体贴且灵活变通。故选D。 外刊题组精练 124 4．What does the underlined sentence imply in Paragraph 7? A．The author is at ease with his family members. B．The author is aware of the importance of customs. C．Cuisine culture helps shape our identity. D．Culture shocks make a harmonious family. 解析：句意理解题。根据第七段中的“Growing up ... actually a good thing.”可知，作者因为文化背景有时觉得自己像个局外人，但那个感恩节让他意识到家庭的这种独特性其实是好的，由此可推知，画线句是指饮食文化有助于塑造我们的身份认同。故选C。 外刊题组精练 125 On August 3, 2024, 21­year­old Zheng Qinwen won China's first Olympic tennis singles gold in Paris, defeating Vekic. She said national honor surpasses individual achievements and hoped the victory would inspire young tennis players. She said at the post­match press conference, “The honor of our country always outweighs individual achievements, and I believe every Chinese person shares this view. So when I made history as the first player to win an Olympic singles gold medal, all the sweat, effort, tears, and hardships felt worthwhile at that moment.” 外刊题组精练 126 “I have always believed in passing__on__the__torch. If today's victory can inspire more children to dream of playing tennis, then all of the efforts are worthwhile. I also hope that in 10 or 20 years, you will stand on this stage. Because this is the dream, the top stage, and experiencing what I am feeling at this moment will make you realize that life is worth living，” she said. 外刊题组精练 127 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了网球运动员郑钦文为中国赢得首枚奥运网球单打金牌。 Zheng saw Li Na as her inspiration when she began learning the sport as a child. Li Na, the only Chinese mainland player to win Grand Slam singles titles (2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open), holds a special place. Zheng said, “Li Na will always be the first in Asia as she was the first Chinese female Grand Slam winner. I'm the first Asian to win an Olympic gold, a historic feat, but I still have much to achieve.” 外刊题组精练 128 1．What is the significance of Zheng Qinwen's championship? A．It became a historic moment for Croatian player Vekic. B．It made a zero breakthrough for China in the Olympic tennis. C．It marked Zheng Qinwen's first gold medal ever in tennis singles. D．It brought China a second gold medal in tennis at the Olympics. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Zheng Qinwen won China's first Olympic tennis singles gold”可知，郑钦文赢得了中国在奥运会网球单打项目上的首金，实现了“零的突破”。故选B。 外刊题组精练 129 2．What was Zheng Qinwen's main hope for her Olympic victory? A．To become the first Asian player in tennis history. B．To inspire the younger generation of tennis players. C．To surpass Li Na's achievements in Grand Slam events. D．To win more individual medals for her country. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If today's victory ... the efforts are worthwhile.”可知，她希望她的胜利能激励年轻一代网球运动员。故选B。 外刊题组精练 130 3．What does the underlined phrase “passing on the torch” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Helping more children. B．Lighting the Olympic flame. C．Transmitting the sportsmanship. D．Realizing one's dream of championship. 解析：词义猜测题。“passing on the torch”字面意为“传递火炬”，结合语境可知，郑钦文希望通过胜利激励下一代投身网球运动，体现了“传递体育精神”。故选C。 外刊题组精练 131 4．What can be inferred about Zheng Qinwen's character? A．She prioritizes personal glory over national honor. B．She values teamwork more than individual success. C．She is humble and has a sense of responsibility for future generations. D．She believes her achievement surpasses Li Na's contributions to Chinese tennis. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二、三、四段可知，郑钦文认为国家荣誉高于个人成就，并多次提到希望激励后辈，体现了责任感；且她认可李娜的历史地位，称自己仍有很多需要实现，体现了谦逊感。由此可推知，郑钦文很谦逊，并且对后代有责任感。故选C。 外刊题组精练 132 In the 1970s, a new supermarket that sold LPs opened in my hometown of Hornsea, East Yorkshire, and I started spending my pocket money on records. I was just 12, and fell immediately in love with Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata. I dreamed of playing that music myself. I left school at 16 and managed to get into the Royal Academy of Music. I continued to play the piano all my life, working as a concert pianist alongside being a professional portrait painter. In my 30s, I visited Thailand for a few months, where I met my wife. We married in 1996, and I've been in Thailand ever since. 外刊题组精练 133 For my 50th birthday, my wife persuaded the manager of Elephants World to allow us to bring a piano into the sanctuary. These elephants have worked for humans all their life and many are blind or disabled from being treated badly, so I wanted to make the effort to carry something heavy myself. When I started playing, it was hard to hear the piano above the sounds of nature and the elephants munching grass. Elephants are almost always hungry—if they get the opportunity, they'll eat and they won't stop. But as soon as I started playing, one elephant, who was blind, stopped eating and listened. We realized that this elephant, trapped in a world of darkness, loved music. From that day, there was never any concern about disturbing their peace, and that was the beginning of it all. We occasionally film the performances and now have nearly 700，000 YouTube subscribers. 外刊题组精练 134 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自童年起对音乐的热爱，以及中年时在泰国大象庇护所为残疾大象弹琴的经历。 I continue to play for these elephants that run free in the sanctuary, though I could be killed at any moment. It seems to be the male elephants, the ones who are moody and dangerous, that listen to the music the most. I have faith that the music somehow calms them. 外刊题组精练 135 1．What sparked the author's passion for music? A．His fascination with Beethoven's work. B．His dream of being a professional. C．His experience of meeting his wife. D．The introduction of an LP supermarket. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“fell immediately in love with Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata”可知，作者对音乐的热情源于贝多芬的《月光奏鸣曲》。故选A。 外刊题组精练 136 2．What can be inferred about the author's character from the passage? A．He prioritizes personal comfort over helping others. B．He is compassionate and dedicated to connecting with animals. C．He is driven primarily by a desire for online fame. D．He lacks perseverance in his musical and artistic pursuits. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，作者主动将钢琴搬进大象保护区，帮助那些因人类虐待而残疾的大象，由此可推知，他是有同情心的；再根据最后一段可知，即使面临危险，他也持续为大象演奏，由此可推知，他致力于与动物建立联系。故选B。 外刊题组精练 137 3．How did the elephants react to the author's music? A．They ran free. B．They stopped starving. C．They became quiet. D．They started performing. 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“one elephant, who was blind, stopped eating and listened”可知，大象听到音乐后安静了下来。故选C。 外刊题组精练 138 4．What is this text mainly about? A．The author's personal journey with music and his wife. B．Challenges of playing music for elephants. C．The author's passion for music and aiding elephants. D．The author's dual career and experiences in Thailand. 解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者对音乐的热爱和通过音乐帮助残疾大象的经历。C项(作者对音乐的热爱与帮助大象)概括文章主旨。故选C。 外刊题组精练 139 R $