Unit9语法：方位介词 & 一般过去时讲义 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版七年级英语下册

仁爱英语七下Unit9语法 方位介词 & 一般过去时（I） 一、方位介词（Prepositions） 核心知识点讲解+表格详解 介词核心定义 方位介词是表示人或事物在空间中的位置关系的词，后接名词/代词作宾语，本阶段重点掌握表位置的基础介词/短语。 常考方位介词/短语 介词/短语 核心含义 用法详解 例句 on the left (of) 在（……的）左边 of后接参照物，可省略；指参照物外侧的左边 The bank is on the left (of the street). on the right (of) 在（……的）右边 同left用法，of后接参照物，指参照物外侧的右边 The park is on the right of the school. in front of 在……的前面（外部） 两个物体相互独立，一个在另一个的正前方（外部） There is a tree in front of the classroom. behind 在……的后面 两个物体相互独立，一个在另一个的后方 The bike is behind the door. between … and … 在……和……之间 固定搭配，只能接两个参照物，and连接并列的名词/代词 A shop is between the hospital and the hotel. next to / beside 在……旁边 两者可互换，指紧挨着、相邻 My desk is next to / beside Li Ming’s. at the end of 在……的尽头/末尾 后接道路、街道、走廊等有长度的地点，指末端位置 There is a bus stop at the end of the road. 易混点辨析 ✅ in front of vs in the front of in front of（外部前面），比如“教室前面有树”；in the front of是内部前面（如“老师在教室内部前面”） 。 练习题 基础题（8题） 1. 用括号内所给介词改写句子，保持句意不变 (1) The zoo is on the left of the river. (on the right of) _____________________________________________________________________ (2) A big tree is behind our classroom. (in front of) _____________________________________________________________________ (3) The shop is next to the park. (beside) _____________________________________________________________________ (4) There is a garden on the left of the house and a pool on the right. (between … and …) _____________________________________________________________________ 2. 根据提示，用恰当的方位介词填空 (1) The cat is ____________ the box.（猫在盒子后面） (2) The library is ____________ the school and the park.（图书馆在学校和公园之间） (3) My seat is ____________ Lucy’s seat.（我的座位在露西旁边） (4) There is a shop ____________ the end of this street.（街道尽头有一家商店） 提升题（6题） 1. 单项选择 (1) —Where is the bookstore? —It’s ____________ the left of the cinema. A. on B. in C. at D. to (2) There is a small river ____________ the two villages. A. next to B. between C. behind D. in front of (3) The post office is ____________ the hospital. They are next to each other. A. beside B. between C. at the end of D. on the left (4) Go down the road, and you can see a school ____________ your right. A. in B. on C. at D. to 2. 用方框内介词填空，每词限用一次 （on the left of, behind, next to, between） My home is ____________ a supermarket. The supermarket is ____________ the bank and the restaurant. And the bank is ____________ my home. A park is ____________ the restaurant. 拓展题（4题） 根据中文提示，用方位介词完成句子 (1) 书店在邮局的左边。 The bookstore is ____________ the post office. (2) 我的钢笔在我的英语书旁边。 My pen is ____________ my English book. (3) 在路的尽头有一个公园。 There is a park ____________ the road. (4) 一辆小汽车在房子的前面。 A car is ____________ the house. 二、一般过去时（The simple past tense I） 核心知识点讲解+表格详解 一般过去时核心定义 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，动作已经结束，和现在没有关系，本单元重点掌握动词过去式变化和肯定句用法。 关键标志词 本单元常考：yesterday、last week/weekend/month、just now、ago 动词过去式变化规则 记忆口诀：一般直接加ed，e结尾只加d；辅音+y变i加ed，重读闭音双写加ed。 变化规则 用法详解 示例 发音提示 一般动词直接加-ed 绝大多数动词适用 watch→watched；visit→visited；play→played 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音/元音后读/d/ 以e结尾的动词加-d 词尾已有e，直接加d love→loved；care→cared；like→liked 读/d/ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-ed 重点：辅音字母+y结尾 cry→cried；carry→carried；study→studied 读/d/ 重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母加-ed 辅+元+辅结尾且重读 stop→stopped；plan→planned 读/t/ 本单元高频不规则动词 原形 过去式 中文含义 例句 say said 说 He said “hello” to me yesterday. see saw 看见 I saw a bird in the tree just now. go went 去 She went to the park last weekend. take took 拿；拍 We took photos yesterday. have had 有；度过 I had a good time last week. fly flew 飞 The kite flew into the sky. cry cried 哭 The girl cried just now. put put 放 He put the book on the desk yesterday. 一般过去时肯定句结构 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 + 过去时间标志词 ✅ 示例： 1. I visited the zoo yesterday. 2. They played football last weekend. 3. She saw a cat just now. 练习题 基础题（10题） 1. 写出下列动词的过去式 (1) watch → ____________ (2) love → ___________ (3) cry → ____________ (4) stop → ____________(5) play → ____________ (6) say → ____________ (7) see → ____________ (8) go → ____________(9) have → _____________ (10) take → _________ 2. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1) He ____________ (visit) his grandma yesterday. (2) We ____________ (play) basketball last weekend. (3) She ____________ (see) a big dog just now. (4) They ____________ (have) a party last month. (5) I ____________ (take) many photos in the park yesterday. 提升题（8题） 1. 单项选择 (1) My father _________ to Beijing last week. A. go B. goes C. went D. going (2) —What did you do yesterday? —I _________ TV at home. A. watch B. watched C. watches D. watching (3) She _________ a letter to her friend just now. A. write B. writes C. wrote D. writing (4) They _________ the tent in the park last Sunday. A. put B. puts C. putting D. putted 2. 连词成句 (1) yesterday, I, the zoo, visited (.) → ______________________________________________________________ (2) last weekend, we, football, played (.) → ______________________________________________________________ (3) just now, she, a bird, saw (.) → ______________________________________________________________ (4) I, a good time, had, last week (.) → ______________________________________________________________ 拓展题 根据中文提示，用一般过去时完成句子 (1) 我昨天去了公园。 I _________ to the park yesterday. (2) 他们上周末看了一场电影。 They _________ a movie last weekend. (3) 李明刚才哭了。 Li Ming _________ just now. (4) 我们昨天拍了很多照片。 We _________ many photos yesterday. 三、参考答案与详细解析 一、方位介词 基础题 1. (1) The zoo is on the right of the river. (2) A big tree is in front of our classroom. (3) The shop is beside the park. (4) There is a garden between the house and the pool. 解析：掌握方位介词的同义替换，between … and … 连接两个参照物，注意语序。 2. (1) behind (2) between (3) next to/beside (4) at the end of 解析：根据中文提示匹配介词，at the end of是固定短语，不能省略at。 提升题 1. (1) A 解析：on the left/right of是固定搭配，用介词on (2) B 解析：between … and … 表示“两者之间”，句中有two villages (3) A 解析：后一句“他们紧挨着”，对应beside（在……旁边） (4) B 解析：on one’s right/left是固定表达，“在某人的左边/右边” 2. next to; between; on the left of; behind 解析：根据句意判断位置关系，between后接两个参照物，其余介词匹配相邻/后方关系。 拓展题 (1) on the left of (2) next to/beside (3) at the end of (4) in front of 解析：全部是本单元核心介词的固定用法，注意短语的完整性。 二、一般过去时 基础题 1. (1) watched (2) loved (3) cried (4) stopped (5) played (6) said (7) saw (8) went (9) had (10) took 解析：规则动词按口诀变形，不规则动词直接记忆。 2. (1) visited 解析：yesterday是过去时标志词，watch直接加ed (2) played 解析：last weekend是过去时标志词，play直接加ed (3) saw 解析：just now是过去时标志词，see的过去式是不规则saw (4) had 解析：last month是过去时标志词，have的过去式是不规则had (5) took 解析：yesterday是过去时标志词，take的过去式是不规则took 提升题 1. (1) C 解析：last week是过去时标志词，go的过去式是went (2) B 解析：问句用did提问，说明是过去时，watch的过去式是watched (3) C 解析：just now是过去时标志词，write的过去式是wrote (4) A 解析：last Sunday是过去时标志词，put的过去式和原形一样，都是put 2. (1) I visited the zoo yesterday. (2) We played football last weekend. (3) She saw a bird just now. (4) I had a good time last week. 解析：一般过去时肯定句语序：主语+过去式+其他+时间，时间放句末。 拓展题 (1) went 解析：go的过去式是不规则went，yesterday是标志词 (2) saw 解析：“看电影”用see a movie，see的过去式是saw (3) cried 解析：cry的过去式是cried（辅音+y，变i加ed），just now是标志词 (4) took 解析：take photos是“拍照”，take的过去式是took ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $