词汇清单17 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦“优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任”主题，系统涵盖核心词汇（名词、动词及短语、形容词副词）、巩固提升练习（词汇拓展、语法填空等）及冲刺突破真题（阅读理解、完形填空等），构建完整备考知识体系。 清单按词性分类呈现词汇，如名词“perseverance”“responsibility”、动词“contribute”“donate”等，搭配词汇拓展（如“innocent→innocence”词性转换）和语法填空训练，培养学生语言能力。真题部分选取诚信、自律等主题语篇，如餐馆错单道歉故事，渗透文化意识与思维品质，助力学生高效复习，教师可据此优化教学策略。

词汇清单17 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任 必识核心词汇 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任的名词 1. perseverance n. 不屈不挠，坚持不懈 2. passion n. 强烈的爱好，热爱；激情 3. honour n. 荣誉；荣幸 4. gain n. 好处；利益 5. ambition n. 追求，理想 6. contribution n. 贡献 7. achievement n. 成绩，成就 8. advocate n. 提倡者；拥护者 9. devotion n. 献身；忠诚；热爱 10. discipline n. 管教；纪律；自制力；[C]训练方法 11. kindness n仁慈；和蔼；体贴 12. phase n. 阶段，时期 13. anchor n. 锚；给以安全感的人(或物) 14. jaw n. 颌，下巴 15. scar n. 伤疤；(精神上的)创伤；污点 16. diamond n. 钻石 17. responsibility n. 责任；责任感；责任心 18. handshake n. 握手 19. discrimination n. 歧视 20. reputation n. 名誉；名望 21. privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权 22. evil n. 邪恶；坏处；不幸 23. criterion n. 标准；准则；原则 24. obligation n. 义务；职责；债务 25. dedicator n. 献身者；奉献者 26. protester n. 抗议者；反对者；持异议者 27. affection n. 喜爱，钟爱；感情；影响 28. deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期 29. fault n. 过错，责任；弱点，缺点 30. virtue n. 美德；正直的品性；优点 31. integrity n. 诚实正直；完整，完好 32. garbage n. 垃圾；废话 33. saving n. 节省物，节省；储蓄金 34. bonus n. 意外收获；奖金，红利 35. harvest n. 收成，收获量；收获季节，收割 36. quote n. 引语，原话 37. mercy n. 宽恕，仁慈 38. guidance n. 指导；导航 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任动词和动词短语 1. deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 2. honour vt.感到荣幸 3. gain v. 获得，赢得，取得；受益 4. admire vt.钦佩；羡慕；赞美 5. behave v. 表现 6. persevere vi.坚持；不屈不挠 7. engage vi.参加，参与 8. contribute vt.& vi.贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 9. donate v. 捐赠，捐献 10. participate vi.参与，参加 11. advocate vt.拥护；支持 12. obtain v. 获得，得到 13. collapse vi.突然倒下 14. encounter vt.遇到 15. incorporate vt.把……并入；包含 16. enforce vt.实施，执行；强迫，强制 17. observe vt.观察；遵守；庆祝 18. quote vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明 19. sow vt.& vi.(sowed，sown)播种，种 20. bless vt.(表示惊奇)；祝福 21. outline vt.概述，略述 22. suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 23. arrest n. & vt.逮捕，拘捕 24. wire vt.给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) 25. resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去 26. forgive vt.& vi.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务) 27. cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊 28. wrap vt.包，裹，用……缠绕 29. parcel vt.裹好，打包 30. bow vi.鞠躬；低(头) 31. wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起 32. pause vi.停顿，暂停 33. be regarded as 被认为，被看作 34. make use of 利用 35. put off 推迟，(使)延期 36. weigh up 权衡，仔细考虑 37. relay to 转达给……；转发给…… 38. fight for...努力争取，为……斗争 39. make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿定主意 40. take ...for granted 认为……是理所当然 41. run into 偶遇；无意中碰见 42. show up 出现；现身；露面 43. pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会) 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任的形容词副词和其他 1. remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的 2. casual adj.随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的 3. ambitious adj.野心勃勃的；有雄心的 4. promising adj.大有希望的 5. admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的 6. humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的 7. talkative adj.健谈的 8. unforgettable adj.难忘的 9. unselfish adj.无私的；忘我的 10. daring adj.勇敢的 11. farreaching adj.影响深远的 12. sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的 13. evil adj.邪恶的 14. renowned adj.著名的，有名望的 15. authoritative adj.有权威的；命令式的；当局的 16. keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷 17. resigned adj.顺从的；已辞职的 18. core adj.核心的，最重要的 19. substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的 20. likewise adv.同样地；也，而且 21. barely adv.刚好；勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 22. temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的 23. decent adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当 24. anyhow adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地 25. worthwhile adj.重要的，令人愉快的 26. superb adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 27. reliable adj.可信赖的；真实可信的，可靠的 28. innocent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；纯真 29. legal adj.合法的；法律的 30. socialist adj.社会主义的 31. guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的 32. ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 33. disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 34. discouraged adj.灰心的 35. nationwide adj.全国范围的；全国性的 36. noble adj.高尚的；贵族的 37. normal n. & adj.正常的(状态) 38. nowadays adv.当今；现在 巩固提升 一. 词汇拓展 1. ________n. 约定，约会；任命，委托；职务→________vt.约会；任命→________adj.指定的；约定的 2. ________adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的→________vi.依靠；依赖 3. ________adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n. 无辜者，单纯的人→________n. 天真；清白 4. ________adj.合法的；法律的→________adj.不合法的；违法的→________adv.法律上，合法地→________adv.违法地，非法地 5. ________adj.社会主义的 n. 社会主义者→________adj.社会的；社交的→________n. 社会→________n. 社会主义 6. ________n. 摄影师，拍照者→________n. 摄影；摄影术 7. ________adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的→________n. 内疚；犯罪；有罪 8. ________adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→________n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧→________adj.可耻的，丢脸的 9. ________adj.失望的，沮丧的→________vt.使失望，使沮丧→________adj.令人失望的→________n. 失望，沮丧 10. ________n. 宽恕，仁慈→________adj.仁慈的 11. ________n. 指导；导航→________vt.带领；引导 n. 向导 12. ________adj.灰心的→________adj.使人灰心的，使人泄气的→________vt.阻止，使气馁→________n. 泄气，灰心 13. ________n. 表现；表演；执行，履行→________vt.& vi.表演；表现→________n. 表演者；演员 14. ________vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→________n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 15. ________adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→________adv.渴望地→________n. 渴望 16. ________adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.获得，得到；保卫→________n. 安全 17. ________vi.& vt.毕业 n. 毕业生→________n. 毕业 18. ________vi.& vt.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者→________adj.志愿的 19. ________n. 回复；反应，响应→________vi. & vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应 20. ________n. 精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重→________adj.焦虑不安的→________adj.产生压力的；紧张的 二. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Solar and wind power are becoming increasingly ________(rely) thanks to advances in battery storage. 2. Beyond its role as a toy, the ________(principle) behind the Luban lock’s interlocking structures have been extended into the field of architectural design.) 3. I need to make an ________(appoint) with the manager to talk about my work plan this Friday. 4. A new virus ________(suspect) of causing the elderly people coughing because many old people are seeking help in hospital now.) 5. It is ________(legal) to use electronic devices to cheat in the English college entrance exam. 6. The child looked ________despite the broken vase, claiming his ________with tears in his eyes. (innocent)   7. Tech teams combat cyber ________ with advanced software, and identifying ________ activities early prevents major losses. (crime) 8. I have ________(bare) enough money to live on. 9. After a thorough investigation, the man was proven ________(innocence) of all charges and released. 10. After ________(tear) down, the old tea house which used to be alive with business men on the move has been replaced with a modern coffee bar, leaving memories only. 11. Instead of throwing away a ________(wrap) after you indulge in something sweet, keep it in a jar. 12. He ________(pretend) not to know the truth for years to avoid getting into trouble. 13. The police pretended ________(addict) to gambling(赌博) to get close to the criminal group. 14. Last week, my name tags(标牌) ________(sew) into the collar of my shirts by my mother. 15. Made from bamboo ________(harvest) in Zhejiang’s Anji county, the work joins ancient art and AI, creatively showing the province’s cultural and technological vitality. 16. Though he didn’t win any medals in the last sports meet, he was not ________(courage). 17. There’s only one way to find out: I'm rolling up my sleeves and training under the ________(guide) of senior stage masters in the field. 18. A well-coordinated rescue ________ is crucial for effective disaster response, ensuring all teams work together in an ________ manner to save lives and reduce chaos.(organ) 19. Under the teacher’s wise ________, the students learned to ________ each other in group work. (guidance) 20. It’s a ________(merciful) that the accident happened so near the hospital. 三. 根据句意指出下列句子中划线单词的词性与汉语意思。 1. Today Justin dreams about setting up his own garment shop on line, selling expensive clothes. (词性:________意思:________) 2. What he is interested in is neither geometry nor history but geography. After graduation, he will travel around the globe. (词性:________意思:________) 3. My grandma found some glue to stick the broken pieces of glass together. (词性:________意思:________) 4. Under the guidance of Professor Green, my granddaughter is now good at geometry, and she is hardworking as well. (词性:________意思:________) 5. The generous gentleman handed out some goods to the poor. (词性:________意思:________) 6. The fox was hiding some grains in a hole on the hill when a goat happened to pass by here. (词性:________意思:________) 7. I am still green at riding motorbikes while my grandpa has been good at it since he was young. (词性:________意思:________) 8. The old small fridge can hardly hold five frozen geese. (词性:________意思:________) 9. A greedy farmer didn’t want his hired hand to stop working until the harvest time was over. He was really hard on the helper. (词性:________意思:________) 10. Heads of government from more than 100 countries are going to gather in Geneva tomorrow discussing how to handle the problem of grain hand in hand. (词性:________意思:________) 11. He tried to keep the load of work in check, but the emotional load still weighed on him. ________________ 12. They plotted to change the plot of the play without telling the director. ________________ 13. His appointment to the new post meant canceling our lunch appointment. ________________ 14. Her ideal job matches her ideal of helping others. ________________ 15. The car inched forward by an inch in the heavy traffic. ________________ 16. He used a nail to fix the nail that fell off the wall. ________________ 17. The manager decided to dismiss the idea and dismiss the careless employee. ________________ 18. The division of labor led to a division in their opinions. ________________ 四. 选词填空 seed blame suspect elected pace guarantee sample enthusiastic detecting beyond 1. I hold the opinion that we all need to keep up with the ________ of the modern world. 2. Why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to ________ long before? 3. A ________ of liquid waste is gathered for medical examination. 4. I rather ________ we’re making a mistake. 5. Most states ________ the right to free and adequate education. 6. The weather usually varies, sometimes quite ________ our expectations. 7. Moore is ________ about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. 8. He was ________ president for the second time. 9. Who should be to ________ for the misunderstanding? 10. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at ________ such chemicals. at large; set aside; at the mercy of; apart from; weigh on; in store for; be responsible for; pick up; contribute to; go through; set out; make a difference 11. Not until he ________ real hardship did he realize the love from his families was important. 12. If she had known what lay ________ her, she would never have agreed to go. 13. ________ more money for sports facilities will help schools develop better physical education programs and encourage more students to participate in them. 14. Having lost engine power, the boat’s crew found themselves ________ the wind. 15. Even when parents no longer live together, they each continue to ________ their children. 16. The room was empty ________ one man seated beside the fire. 17. Researchers claim to have found the first proof that getting a regular eight­hour sleep every night ________ to our health. 18. The suspect remains ________ despite the high price put on his head by the authorities. 19. I am sure that this meeting will ________ the reinforcement of peace and security all over the world. 20. Don’t bother your father with so many questions. He already has had too many ________ his mind. 冲刺突破 Passage 1 阅读理解 【优秀品行】 (2025-2026学年辽宁省五校联盟高三上学期期末英语试题)A little mix-up between two Bentley’s restaurants — one in Nova Scotia, the other over 1, 500 miles away in Alabama — has turned into a sweet international apology. Darcy and Laura Clarke, the couple behind Bentley’s Burgers and Fries in West Chezzetcook, Nova Scotia, recently opened their mail to find a handwritten note and $40 in U.S. cash from a stranger in Alabama. According to reporting from CBC, the mysterious sender had accidentally placed a take-out order with the wrong Bentley’s — and felt so bad about never picking it up that he or she mailed money across the continent to make it right. Darcy had taken the original order on October 1st: two cheeseburgers and fries. The caller had a southern accent, but with tourists passing through all the time, nothing seemed unusual. When the food sat unclaimed for over an hour, the Clarkes simply gave it to another customer and moved on. The next morning, though, this Alabamian sat down with a piece of loose-leaf paper and wrote what might be the most polite long-distance mix-up apology in history. “Obviously, I called the wrong restaurant,” the letter said. “I hope the amount enclosed is enough for the cost of my embarrassing mistake. My sincerest apologies.” Not only was the money enough for the meal — it even left a little extra. Laura has told CBC that they plan to use the remainder in the happiest way possible: adding it to their summer ice cream shop so they can hand out free treats to kids next season. Darcy has shared the story on his Facebook page, where it has drawn millions of comments cheering on this anonymous(匿名的) act of honesty. Darcy says he plans to send a thank-you package to the return address — complete with a Christmas card and some Bentley’s seasoning. At a time when U. S. — Canada chatter can feel divided, this tiny moment of accountability and kindness has brought people on both sides of the border a much- needed smile. 1. Why didn’t the caller pick up the food? A. He was too busy to collect it. B. He forgot about the meal. C. He was too far from the restaurant . D. The restaurant missed his order. 2. Where do you think Nova Scotia might be? A. In the south of the USA. B. In the state of Alabama. C. In Australia. D. In Canada. 3. What did the Clarkes do after receiving the mail? A. They returned the money to the sender in a package. B. They gave the ordered food to another customer. C. They posted the heartwarming story on social media. D. They donated the $40 to poor kids in the neighborhood. 4. What do you think the caller may be? A. A trustworthy southerner. B. A wealthy boss. C. A foodie blogger. D. A seasoned traveler. Passage 2 (2025-2026学年山西省大同市平城区高三上学期开学英语试题)If you’re looking for reasons to start training your self-discipline, then you can begin by looking at the benefits of being self-disciplined. Here are some points you may be interested in. • Improved physical health If you’re self-disciplined, you’ll be better able to say no to the urges to conduct unhealthy behaviors like overeating, excessive drinking, and smoking. 1 . Such behaviors include exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, and even making behavioral changes. • 2 A lack of self-discipline can lead to procrastination(拖延). It can also lead to inability to reach important goals. If you tend to procrastinate, you may find yourself often working under pressure and struggling to meet deadlines. If you’re unable to reach important goals, it can cause stress and anxiety about the future and chip away at your self-confidence. But if you can learn self-discipline, you’ll find that you’re less stressed and anxious because you’re living up to your expectations and doing what you set out to do. 3 . • Increased self-worth and happiness Self-discipline increases self-worth because when you achieve the goals you set for yourself, you build belief and confidence in yourself. Each achievement, no matter how small, is a building block. 4 . They increase your happiness, too. Studies show that the more productive people are, the happier they feel. • Better interpersonal skills Learning self-discipline is great for relationships. 5 . Being able to stop for a moment and reflect on how you feel before acting is an important interpersonal skill. It helps you handle conflict effectively without becoming overly protective or losing your temper and reacting angrily. A. Reduced stress and anxiety B. Less procrastination and more realistic expectations C. As a matter of fact, self-discipline is not about how you act D. It will also bring positive emotions and make you feel good about yourself E. A self-disciplined person is better able to manage emotions intelligently F. Additionally, you’ll find it easier to stick to behaviors that promote well-being G. A number of them gradually form a firm basis of belief and confidence within you Passage 3 (2025-2026学年湖南省长沙市天心区长郡中学高三上学期12月月考英语试题)Eight-year-old Liam Parker was rushing to school as usual. Suddenly, he spotted a silver car 1 under the sun. Inside there was a baby whose face was red and he kept 2 . Liam knew he must take 3 . First, he knocked on the car’s window, but no one 4 . When he tried to open the door, he realized they were all 5 . Without hesitation, he picked a rock and hit the window. Scared and not knowing if he had done the right thing, Liam 6 the baby. The baby’s damp skin pressed against Liam’s shirt as he held him carefully, rocking him 7 and whispering, “Don’t worry, you’re safe now.” Suddenly, a woman’s 8 could be heard. “What are you doing to my car?!” Liam froze. His hands started trembling(颤抖) even more. But upon seeing her baby, the woman panicked and 9 that She’d rushed out for milk but lost track of time. She then said to Liam, “Young man, you saved my baby.” But before he could speak, Liam heard the school bell ring and 10 to school. He didn’t get there on time. His classmates 11 him, calling him “Late Liam”. During the second lesson, the classroom door opened. It was the principal with the thankful woman. “There he is. I needed to thank him for saving my baby,” she said. The whole class was 12 , staring at Liam. That day, Liam was the 13 . His teacher called his parents, but not to scold him. Instead, she told them about his quick thinking and 14 . Liam promised he wouldn’t be 15 again — except if someone needed saving. 1. A. burning B. parking C. moving D. waiting 2. A. singing B. clapping C. crying D. praying 3. A. turns B. notes C. photos D. measures 4. A. appeared B. complained C. focused D. stared 5. A. damaged B. locked C. fixed D. removed 6. A. grabbed B. weighed C. frightened D. entertained 7. A. strongly B. directly C. gently D. casually 8. A. whisper B. weep C. accent D. scream 9. A. accepted B. recorded C. explained D. promised 10. A. referred B. drove C. returned D. ran 11. A. made fun of B. caught sight of C. fell in with D. lived up to 12. A. annoyed B. shocked C. relieved D. concerned 13. A. hero B. shame C. success D. customer 14. A. generosity B. bravery C. patience D. optimism 15. A. caring B. naughty C. late D. rude Passage 4 【工匠精神】 (2025-2026学年安徽省合肥市第一中学高三上学期1月英语考试试题)Zhen Shisheng is a man with hearing loss and speech difficulties. 1 his physical difficulties, Zhen has lived a meaningful life, thanks to his interest in and talent for and enthusiasm for the traditional Shanxi art of fahua ware. Fahua ware, which is mostly made in the south and east of Shanxi, is the porcelain version of cloisonne(景泰蓝), 2 the design elements are separated by copper wires. Porcelain featuring these techniques 3 (fire) at lower temperatures with the different colored glazes(釉料) and enamels(珐琅) applied to individual areas created by the slip lines. When 4 (recall) his experience to learn the techniques to make this Shanxi handicraft with a history of hundreds of years, Zhen said in sign language, “When you lose some abilities, you would cherish all the others 5 (leave) to you. Only when you apply all your senses and abilities to your subject of work can you 6 (possible) succeed.” Zhen learned the craft from his father, who is 7 master fahua ware craftsman in a porcelain factory. Zhen’s creativity and innovation are demonstrated in the 8 (free) of using lines and glaze colors, as well as the selection of patterns and images for decoration. The 9 (hard) part of learning to make fahua ware is that the fahua techniques have been lost for about 300 years, and today’s revival of the art has been made through artists’ painstaking research into ancient documents and existing museum exhibits, as well as 10 (they) own imagination. And he believes this cultural heritage can be passed down to future generations. Passage 5 (2025-2026学年广东省东华高级中学东华松山湖高级中学高三上学期1月月考英语试题)Li Wei’s grandfather’s woodworking shop was full of memories and the smell of wood. For many years, the old man had made furniture using the ancient mortise-and-tenon(榫卯) way, without any nails(钉子). But now, his shop had to be torn down to build a new shopping mall. On his last visit before moving, 17-year-old Li Wei brought his classmate Emma, who was from England. “It’s just an old, dusty place,” Li Wei said, feeling a little embarrassed by the old tools. But Emma found it interesting. She saw a broken wooden stool(凳子) in the corner. “Look! This part came loose. Can we fix it?” She asked. For the first time in weeks, grandpa’s eyes shone with happiness. He softly told them that this stool was the first thing he made, fifty years ago. The cross-shaped tenon(十字榫) had become loose. “Modern glue can’t fix this,” He said. “It needs the old method — you must be precise, patient, and understand how wood works.” He put an old toolbox in front of them. Inside were special chisels(凿子) and a marking gauge(墨斗). “The secret,” Grandpa said quietly, “is not to force the pieces together, but to make them fit so they want to hold each other”. Then he left to pack some boxes. Li Wei looked closely at the wooden joints. Emma checked the tools with curiosity. “It’s like a 3d puzzle,” She said. “Your grandpa is right — this is clever work.” Suddenly, Li Wei felt proud and worried. The movers would come in two hours. Paragraph 1: Li Wei took a deep breath and picked up the thinnest chisel from the toolbox. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When the last joint fit perfectly into place, grandpa came back and saw the fixed stool. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 词汇清单17 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任 必识核心词汇 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任的名词 1. perseverance n. 不屈不挠，坚持不懈 2. passion n. 强烈的爱好，热爱；激情 3. honour n. 荣誉；荣幸 4. gain n. 好处；利益 5. ambition n. 追求，理想 6. contribution n. 贡献 7. achievement n. 成绩，成就 8. advocate n. 提倡者；拥护者 9. devotion n. 献身；忠诚；热爱 10. discipline n. 管教；纪律；自制力；[C]训练方法 11. kindness n仁慈；和蔼；体贴 12. phase n. 阶段，时期 13. anchor n. 锚；给以安全感的人(或物) 14. jaw n. 颌，下巴 15. scar n. 伤疤；(精神上的)创伤；污点 16. diamond n. 钻石 17. responsibility n. 责任；责任感；责任心 18. handshake n. 握手 19. discrimination n. 歧视 20. reputation n. 名誉；名望 21. privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权 22. evil n. 邪恶；坏处；不幸 23. criterion n. 标准；准则；原则 24. obligation n. 义务；职责；债务 25. dedicator n. 献身者；奉献者 26. protester n. 抗议者；反对者；持异议者 27. affection n. 喜爱，钟爱；感情；影响 28. deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期 29. fault n. 过错，责任；弱点，缺点 30. virtue n. 美德；正直的品性；优点 31. integrity n. 诚实正直；完整，完好 32. garbage n. 垃圾；废话 33. saving n. 节省物，节省；储蓄金 34. bonus n. 意外收获；奖金，红利 35. harvest n. 收成，收获量；收获季节，收割 36. quote n. 引语，原话 37. mercy n. 宽恕，仁慈 38. guidance n. 指导；导航 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任动词和动词短语 1. deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 2. honour vt.感到荣幸 3. gain v. 获得，赢得，取得；受益 4. admire vt.钦佩；羡慕；赞美 5. behave v. 表现 6. persevere vi.坚持；不屈不挠 7. engage vi.参加，参与 8. contribute vt.& vi.贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 9. donate v. 捐赠，捐献 10. participate vi.参与，参加 11. advocate vt.拥护；支持 12. obtain v. 获得，得到 13. collapse vi.突然倒下 14. encounter vt.遇到 15. incorporate vt.把……并入；包含 16. enforce vt.实施，执行；强迫，强制 17. observe vt.观察；遵守；庆祝 18. quote vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明 19. sow vt.& vi.(sowed，sown)播种，种 20. bless vt.(表示惊奇)；祝福 21. outline vt.概述，略述 22. suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 23. arrest n. & vt.逮捕，拘捕 24. wire vt.给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) 25. resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去 26. forgive vt.& vi.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务) 27. cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊 28. wrap vt.包，裹，用……缠绕 29. parcel vt.裹好，打包 30. bow vi.鞠躬；低(头) 31. wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起 32. pause vi.停顿，暂停 33. be regarded as 被认为，被看作 34. make use of 利用 35. put off 推迟，(使)延期 36. weigh up 权衡，仔细考虑 37. relay to 转达给……；转发给…… 38. fight for...努力争取，为……斗争 39. make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿定主意 40. take ...for granted 认为……是理所当然 41. run into 偶遇；无意中碰见 42. show up 出现；现身；露面 43. pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会) 优秀品行、正确的人生态度、公民义务和社会责任的形容词副词和其他 1. remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的 2. casual adj.随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的 3. ambitious adj.野心勃勃的；有雄心的 4. promising adj.大有希望的 5. admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的 6. humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的 7. talkative adj.健谈的 8. unforgettable adj.难忘的 9. unselfish adj.无私的；忘我的 10. daring adj.勇敢的 11. farreaching adj.影响深远的 12. sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的 13. evil adj.邪恶的 14. renowned adj.著名的，有名望的 15. authoritative adj.有权威的；命令式的；当局的 16. keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷 17. resigned adj.顺从的；已辞职的 18. core adj.核心的，最重要的 19. substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的 20. likewise adv.同样地；也，而且 21. barely adv.刚好；勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 22. temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的 23. decent adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当 24. anyhow adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地 25. worthwhile adj.重要的，令人愉快的 26. superb adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 27. reliable adj.可信赖的；真实可信的，可靠的 28. innocent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；纯真 29. legal adj.合法的；法律的 30. socialist adj.社会主义的 31. guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的 32. ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 33. disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 34. discouraged adj.灰心的 35. nationwide adj.全国范围的；全国性的 36. noble adj.高尚的；贵族的 37. normal n. & adj.正常的(状态) 38. nowadays adv.当今；现在 巩固提升 一. 词汇拓展 1. ________n. 约定，约会；任命，委托；职务→________vt.约会；任命→________adj.指定的；约定的 2. ________adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的→________vi.依靠；依赖 3. ________adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n. 无辜者，单纯的人→________n. 天真；清白 4. ________adj.合法的；法律的→________adj.不合法的；违法的→________adv.法律上，合法地→________adv.违法地，非法地 5. ________adj.社会主义的 n. 社会主义者→________adj.社会的；社交的→________n. 社会→________n. 社会主义 6. ________n. 摄影师，拍照者→________n. 摄影；摄影术 7. ________adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的→________n. 内疚；犯罪；有罪 8. ________adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→________n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧→________adj.可耻的，丢脸的 9. ________adj.失望的，沮丧的→________vt.使失望，使沮丧→________adj.令人失望的→________n. 失望，沮丧 10. ________n. 宽恕，仁慈→________adj.仁慈的 11. ________n. 指导；导航→________vt.带领；引导 n. 向导 12. ________adj.灰心的→________adj.使人灰心的，使人泄气的→________vt.阻止，使气馁→________n. 泄气，灰心 13. ________n. 表现；表演；执行，履行→________vt.& vi.表演；表现→________n. 表演者；演员 14. ________vt.& vi.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→________n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 15. ________adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→________adv.渴望地→________n. 渴望 16. ________adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.获得，得到；保卫→________n. 安全 17. ________vi.& vt.毕业 n. 毕业生→________n. 毕业 18. ________vi.& vt.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者→________adj.志愿的 19. ________n. 回复；反应，响应→________vi. & vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应 20. ________n. 精神压力，紧张；强调 vt.强调，着重→________adj.焦虑不安的→________adj.产生压力的；紧张的 【答案】 1. appointment; appoint; appointed 2. reliable; rely 3. innocent; innocence 4. legal; illegal; legally; illegally 5. socialist; social; society; socialism 6. photographer; photography 7. guilty; guilt 8. ashamed; shame; shameful 9. disappointed; disappoint; disappointing; disappointment 10. mercy; merciful 11. guidance; guide 12. discouraged; discouraging; discourage; discouragement 13. performance; perform; performer 14. press; pressure 15. eager; eagerly; eagerness 16. secure; security 17. graduate; graduation 18. volunteer; voluntary 19. response; respond 20. stress; stressed; stressful 二. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Solar and wind power are becoming increasingly ________(rely) thanks to advances in battery storage. 2. Beyond its role as a toy, the ________(principle) behind the Luban lock’s interlocking structures have been extended into the field of architectural design.) 3. I need to make an ________(appoint) with the manager to talk about my work plan this Friday. 4. A new virus ________(suspect) of causing the elderly people coughing because many old people are seeking help in hospital now.) 5. It is ________(legal) to use electronic devices to cheat in the English college entrance exam. 6. The child looked ________despite the broken vase, claiming his ________with tears in his eyes. (innocent)   7. Tech teams combat cyber ________ with advanced software, and identifying ________ activities early prevents major losses. (crime) 8. I have ________(bare) enough money to live on. 9. After a thorough investigation, the man was proven ________(innocence) of all charges and released. 10. After ________(tear) down, the old tea house which used to be alive with business men on the move has been replaced with a modern coffee bar, leaving memories only. 11. Instead of throwing away a ________(wrap) after you indulge in something sweet, keep it in a jar. 12. He ________(pretend) not to know the truth for years to avoid getting into trouble. 13. The police pretended ________(addict) to gambling(赌博) to get close to the criminal group. 14. Last week, my name tags(标牌) ________(sew) into the collar of my shirts by my mother. 15. Made from bamboo ________(harvest) in Zhejiang’s Anji county, the work joins ancient art and AI, creatively showing the province’s cultural and technological vitality. 16. Though he didn’t win any medals in the last sports meet, he was not ________(courage). 17. There’s only one way to find out: I'm rolling up my sleeves and training under the ________(guide) of senior stage masters in the field. 18. A well-coordinated rescue ________ is crucial for effective disaster response, ensuring all teams work together in an ________ manner to save lives and reduce chaos.(organ) 19. Under the teacher’s wise ________, the students learned to ________ each other in group work. (guidance) 20. It’s a ________(merciful) that the accident happened so near the hospital. 【答案】 1. reliable 2. principles 3. appointment 4. is suspected 5. illegal 6. innocent; innocence 7. crime; criminal 8. barely 9. innocent 10. tearing 11. wrapper 12. has pretended/has been pretending 13. to be addicted 14. were sewed/were sewn 15. harvested 16. discouraged 17. guidance 18. organ; organic 19. guidance; guide 20. mercy 三. 根据句意指出下列句子中划线单词的词性与汉语意思。 1. Today Justin dreams about setting up his own garment shop on line, selling expensive clothes. (词性:________意思:________) 2. What he is interested in is neither geometry nor history but geography. After graduation, he will travel around the globe. (词性:________意思:________) 3. My grandma found some glue to stick the broken pieces of glass together. (词性:________意思:________) 4. Under the guidance of Professor Green, my granddaughter is now good at geometry, and she is hardworking as well. (词性:________意思:________) 5. The generous gentleman handed out some goods to the poor. (词性:________意思:________) 6. The fox was hiding some grains in a hole on the hill when a goat happened to pass by here. (词性:________意思:________) 7. I am still green at riding motorbikes while my grandpa has been good at it since he was young. (词性:________意思:________) 8. The old small fridge can hardly hold five frozen geese. (词性:________意思:________) 9. A greedy farmer didn’t want his hired hand to stop working until the harvest time was over. He was really hard on the helper. (词性:________意思:________) 10. Heads of government from more than 100 countries are going to gather in Geneva tomorrow discussing how to handle the problem of grain hand in hand. (词性:________意思:________) 11. He tried to keep the load of work in check, but the emotional load still weighed on him. ________________ 12. They plotted to change the plot of the play without telling the director. ________________ 13. His appointment to the new post meant canceling our lunch appointment. ________________ 14. Her ideal job matches her ideal of helping others. ________________ 15. The car inched forward by an inch in the heavy traffic. ________________ 16. He used a nail to fix the nail that fell off the wall. ________________ 17. The manager decided to dismiss the idea and dismiss the careless employee. ________________ 18. The division of labor led to a division in their opinions. ________________ 【答案】 1. n. 服装 2. n. 地理 3. n. 胶水 4. n. 指导 5. adj. 慷慨大方的 6. v. 碰巧 7. adj. 无经验的 8. vt. 容纳 9. n. 帮手 10. n. 首脑 11. n.负荷；n.负担 12. v.密谋；n.故事情节 13. n. 任命；n. 约会 14. adj. 理想的；n. 理想 15. v. 缓慢移动；n. 英寸 16. n. 指甲；n. 钉子 17. v. 不予考虑；v. 解雇 18. n. 分工；n. 分歧 四. 选词填空 seed blame suspect elected pace guarantee sample enthusiastic detecting beyond 1. I hold the opinion that we all need to keep up with the ________ of the modern world. 2. Why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to ________ long before? 3. A ________ of liquid waste is gathered for medical examination. 4. I rather ________ we’re making a mistake. 5. Most states ________ the right to free and adequate education. 6. The weather usually varies, sometimes quite ________ our expectations. 7. Moore is ________ about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. 8. He was ________ president for the second time. 9. Who should be to ________ for the misunderstanding? 10. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at ________ such chemicals. 【答案】 1. pace 2. seed 3. sample 4. suspect 5. guarantee 6. beyond 7. enthusiastic 8. elected 9. blame 10. detecting at large; set aside; at the mercy of; apart from; weigh on; in store for; be responsible for; pick up; contribute to; go through; set out; make a difference 11. Not until he ________ real hardship did he realize the love from his families was important. 12. If she had known what lay ________ her, she would never have agreed to go. 13. ________ more money for sports facilities will help schools develop better physical education programs and encourage more students to participate in them. 14. Having lost engine power, the boat’s crew found themselves ________ the wind. 15. Even when parents no longer live together, they each continue to ________ their children. 16. The room was empty ________ one man seated beside the fire. 17. Researchers claim to have found the first proof that getting a regular eight­hour sleep every night ________ to our health. 18. The suspect remains ________ despite the high price put on his head by the authorities. 19. I am sure that this meeting will ________ the reinforcement of peace and security all over the world. 20. Don’t bother your father with so many questions. He already has had too many ________ his mind. 【答案】 11. went through 12. in store for 13. Setting aside 14. at the mercy of 15. be responsible for 16. apart from 17. makes a difference 18. at large 19. contribute to 20. weighing on 冲刺突破 Passage 1 阅读理解 【优秀品行】 (2025-2026学年辽宁省五校联盟高三上学期期末英语试题)A little mix-up between two Bentley’s restaurants — one in Nova Scotia, the other over 1, 500 miles away in Alabama — has turned into a sweet international apology. Darcy and Laura Clarke, the couple behind Bentley’s Burgers and Fries in West Chezzetcook, Nova Scotia, recently opened their mail to find a handwritten note and $40 in U.S. cash from a stranger in Alabama. According to reporting from CBC, the mysterious sender had accidentally placed a take-out order with the wrong Bentley’s — and felt so bad about never picking it up that he or she mailed money across the continent to make it right. Darcy had taken the original order on October 1st: two cheeseburgers and fries. The caller had a southern accent, but with tourists passing through all the time, nothing seemed unusual. When the food sat unclaimed for over an hour, the Clarkes simply gave it to another customer and moved on. The next morning, though, this Alabamian sat down with a piece of loose-leaf paper and wrote what might be the most polite long-distance mix-up apology in history. “Obviously, I called the wrong restaurant,” the letter said. “I hope the amount enclosed is enough for the cost of my embarrassing mistake. My sincerest apologies.” Not only was the money enough for the meal — it even left a little extra. Laura has told CBC that they plan to use the remainder in the happiest way possible: adding it to their summer ice cream shop so they can hand out free treats to kids next season. Darcy has shared the story on his Facebook page, where it has drawn millions of comments cheering on this anonymous(匿名的) act of honesty. Darcy says he plans to send a thank-you package to the return address — complete with a Christmas card and some Bentley’s seasoning. At a time when U. S. — Canada chatter can feel divided, this tiny moment of accountability and kindness has brought people on both sides of the border a much- needed smile. 1. Why didn’t the caller pick up the food? A. He was too busy to collect it. B. He forgot about the meal. C. He was too far from the restaurant . D. The restaurant missed his order. 2. Where do you think Nova Scotia might be? A. In the south of the USA. B. In the state of Alabama. C. In Australia. D. In Canada. 3. What did the Clarkes do after receiving the mail? A. They returned the money to the sender in a package. B. They gave the ordered food to another customer. C. They posted the heartwarming story on social media. D. They donated the $40 to poor kids in the neighborhood. 4. What do you think the caller may be? A. A trustworthy southerner. B. A wealthy boss. C. A foodie blogger. D. A seasoned traveler. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述加拿大Nova Scotia和美国Alabama两家同名餐厅的小乌龙，阿拉巴马顾客误订餐未取，寄钱道歉，店主分享故事，此事暖化美加边界关系。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“the mysterious sender had accidentally placed a take-out order with the wrong Bentley’s — and felt so bad about never picking it up that he or she mailed money across the continent to make it right (神秘的寄件人不小心在错误的Bentley餐厅订了外卖，而且因为没有去取而感到非常内疚，所以他或她寄钱横跨整个大陆来弥补错误)”以及第三段“Darcy had taken the original order on October 1st: two cheeseburgers and fries. The caller had a southern accent, but with tourists passing through all the time, nothing seemed unusual. When the food sat unclaimed for over an hour, the Clarkes simply gave it to another customer and moved on. (Darcy在10月1日接到了原始订单：两个芝士汉堡和薯条。打电话的人有南方口音，但由于一直有游客经过，所以没什么不寻常的。当食物无人认领超过一个小时后，Clarkes夫妇就把食物给了另一位顾客，然后继续忙去了)”可知，打电话的人是因为订错了餐厅，而正确的餐厅离他很远，所以他无法去取食物。故选C项。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A little mix-up between two Bentley’s restaurants — one in Nova Scotia, the other over 1,500 miles away in Alabama — has turned into a sweet international apology. (两家Bentley餐厅之间的小误会——一家在Nova Scotia，另一家在1500多英里外的Alabama——已经变成了一场甜蜜的国际道歉)”以及最后一段“At a time when U.S.—Canada chatter can feel divided, this tiny moment of accountability and kindness has brought people on both sides of the border a much-needed smile. (在美国和加拿大之间的交流让人感觉有分歧的时候，这个小小的责任和善意的时刻给边境两边的人们带来了急需的微笑)”可知，Nova Scotia和Alabama分属不同的国家，且根据常识可知Alabama是美国的一个州，由此可推断出Nova Scotia是加拿大的一个地方。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Darcy has shared the story on his Facebook page, where it has drawn millions of comments cheering on this anonymous(匿名的) act of honesty. (Darcy在他的Facebook页面上分享了这个故事，这个故事吸引了数百万条评论，为这个匿名的诚实行为欢呼)”可知，Clarkes夫妇收到邮件后，Darcy把这个暖心的故事发布到了社交媒体上。选项C“They posted the heartwarming story on social media.(他们把这个暖心的故事发布到了社交媒体上)”符合题意。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The next morning, though, this Alabamian sat down with a piece of loose-leaf paper and wrote what might be the most polite long-distance mix-up apology in history. (然而，第二天早上，这位Alabama人坐在一张活页纸前，写下了可能是历史上最礼貌的长途误会道歉信)”以及第五段“‘Obviously, I called the wrong restaurant,’ the letter said. ‘I hope the amount enclosed is enough for the cost of my embarrassing mistake. My sincerest apologies.’ (信中说：“显然，我打错餐厅了。我希望随信附上的钱足够支付我尴尬错误的费用。我诚挚地道歉。”)”可知，打电话的人在发现自己打错餐厅且没有去取食物后，感到非常内疚，并主动寄钱来弥补错误，还写了一封非常礼貌的道歉信，由此可推断出他是一个值得信赖的南方人。故选A项。 Passage 2 (2025-2026学年山西省大同市平城区高三上学期开学英语试题)If you’re looking for reasons to start training your self-discipline, then you can begin by looking at the benefits of being self-disciplined. Here are some points you may be interested in. • Improved physical health If you’re self-disciplined, you’ll be better able to say no to the urges to conduct unhealthy behaviors like overeating, excessive drinking, and smoking. 1 . Such behaviors include exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, and even making behavioral changes. • 2 A lack of self-discipline can lead to procrastination(拖延). It can also lead to inability to reach important goals. If you tend to procrastinate, you may find yourself often working under pressure and struggling to meet deadlines. If you’re unable to reach important goals, it can cause stress and anxiety about the future and chip away at your self-confidence. But if you can learn self-discipline, you’ll find that you’re less stressed and anxious because you’re living up to your expectations and doing what you set out to do. 3 . • Increased self-worth and happiness Self-discipline increases self-worth because when you achieve the goals you set for yourself, you build belief and confidence in yourself. Each achievement, no matter how small, is a building block. 4 . They increase your happiness, too. Studies show that the more productive people are, the happier they feel. • Better interpersonal skills Learning self-discipline is great for relationships. 5 . Being able to stop for a moment and reflect on how you feel before acting is an important interpersonal skill. It helps you handle conflict effectively without becoming overly protective or losing your temper and reacting angrily. A. Reduced stress and anxiety B. Less procrastination and more realistic expectations C. As a matter of fact, self-discipline is not about how you act D. It will also bring positive emotions and make you feel good about yourself E. A self-disciplined person is better able to manage emotions intelligently F. Additionally, you’ll find it easier to stick to behaviors that promote well-being G. A number of them gradually form a firm basis of belief and confidence within you 【答案】1. F 2. A 3. D 4. G 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自律的好处。 1. 前一句“If you’re self-disciplined, you’ll be better able to say no to the urges to conduct unhealthy behaviors like overeating, excessive drinking, and smoking.(如果你是自律的，你就能更好地对不健康行为的冲动说不，比如暴饮暴食、酗酒和吸烟。)”讲的是自律可以帮助你拒绝不健康的行为，后一句“Such behaviors include exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, and even making behavioral changes.(这些行为包括定期锻炼，保持健康的饮食和生活方式，甚至是行为上的改变。)”列举了积极健康的行为(如规律锻炼、健康饮食等)，中间空格应起到“承接上句，引出下句”的作用，说明自律不仅能拒绝坏行为，还能坚持好行为。选项F“Additionally, you’ll find it easier to stick to behaviors that promote well-being(此外，你会发现更容易坚持促进健康的行为)”承接上文的“拒绝不良行为”，引出“坚持促进健康的行为”，与后文列举内容紧密呼应。故选F项。 2. 空格处是段落的小标题，根据下文内容“But if you can learn self-discipline, you’ll find that you’re less stressed and anxious because you’re living up to your expectations and doing what you set out to do.(但是如果你能学会自律，你会发现你的压力和焦虑减少了，因为你不辜负你的期望，做你开始做的事情。)”可知，该段主要强调自律可以减少压力和焦虑。所以A项“Reduced stress and anxiety(减少焦虑和压力)”作为该部分的小标题，符合语境。故选A项。 3. 空格处的句子“But if you can learn self-discipline, you’ll find that you’re less stressed and anxious because you’re living up to your expectations and doing what you set out to do.(但是如果你能学会自律，你会发现你的压力和焦虑减少了，因为你不辜负你的期望，做你开始做的事情。)”讲自律能减少压力和焦虑，因你达成了自己的目标。空格处应为对前面内容的进一步补充。选项D“It will also bring positive emotions and make you feel good about yourself(它也会带来积极的情绪，让你自我感觉良好)”进一步说明自律的好处，填入空格处，符合语境。故选D项。 4. 前一句“Each achievement, no matter how small, is a building block.(每一项成就，无论多么小，都是一个基石。)”讲的是每一次成就都是自信的基石，后一句“They increase your happiness, too.(它们也会增加你的幸福感。)”说这些成就也提升了幸福感。空格处应是对“成就积累自信”的进一步说明。选项G“A number of them gradually form a firm basis of belief and confidence within you(许多这样的成就逐渐在你内心建立起坚定的信念和自信)”承接“building block”的比喻，自然过渡到幸福感的提升，逻辑清晰、语言连贯。故选G项。 5. 本段讲自律对人际关系的积极影响。前句“Learning self-discipline is great for relationships.(学会自律对人际关系大有裨益。)”讲自律对人际关系有好处，后句“Being able to stop for a moment and reflect on how you feel before acting is an important interpersonal skill. It helps you handle conflict effectively without becoming overly protective or losing your temper and reacting angrily.(能够在行动之前停下来思考一下自己的感受是一项重要的人际交往技巧。它可以帮助你有效地处理冲突，而不会变得过度保护或发脾气和生气。)”具体说明自律如何帮助控制情绪从而提升人际交往能力。选项E“A self-disciplined person is better able to manage emotions intelligently(自律的人更能明智地管理情绪)”承上启下，既说明自律与人际关系的联系，又为下文“控制情绪”提供了支持。故选E项。 Passage 3 (2025-2026学年湖南省长沙市天心区长郡中学高三上学期12月月考英语试题)Eight-year-old Liam Parker was rushing to school as usual. Suddenly, he spotted a silver car 1 under the sun. Inside there was a baby whose face was red and he kept 2 . Liam knew he must take 3 . First, he knocked on the car’s window, but no one 4 . When he tried to open the door, he realized they were all 5 . Without hesitation, he picked a rock and hit the window. Scared and not knowing if he had done the right thing, Liam 6 the baby. The baby’s damp skin pressed against Liam’s shirt as he held him carefully, rocking him 7 and whispering, “Don’t worry, you’re safe now.” Suddenly, a woman’s 8 could be heard. “What are you doing to my car?!” Liam froze. His hands started trembling(颤抖) even more. But upon seeing her baby, the woman panicked and 9 that She’d rushed out for milk but lost track of time. She then said to Liam, “Young man, you saved my baby.” But before he could speak, Liam heard the school bell ring and 10 to school. He didn’t get there on time. His classmates 11 him, calling him “Late Liam”. During the second lesson, the classroom door opened. It was the principal with the thankful woman. “There he is. I needed to thank him for saving my baby,” she said. The whole class was 12 , staring at Liam. That day, Liam was the 13 . His teacher called his parents, but not to scold him. Instead, she told them about his quick thinking and 14 . Liam promised he wouldn’t be 15 again — except if someone needed saving. 1. A. burning B. parking C. moving D. waiting 2. A. singing B. clapping C. crying D. praying 3. A. turns B. notes C. photos D. measures 4. A. appeared B. complained C. focused D. stared 5. A. damaged B. locked C. fixed D. removed 6. A. grabbed B. weighed C. frightened D. entertained 7. A. strongly B. directly C. gently D. casually 8. A. whisper B. weep C. accent D. scream 9. A. accepted B. recorded C. explained D. promised 10. A. referred B. drove C. returned D. ran 11. A. made fun of B. caught sight of C. fell in with D. lived up to 12. A. annoyed B. shocked C. relieved D. concerned 13. A. hero B. shame C. success D. customer 14. A. generosity B. bravery C. patience D. optimism 15. A. caring B. naughty C. late D. rude 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8 D 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了8岁男孩利亚姆·帕克在上学路上，发现一辆在阳光下的汽车里有一个满脸通红、不停哭闹的婴儿。危急时刻，利亚姆果断采取行动砸窗救人，却因此上学迟到被同学取笑。后来婴儿的母亲和校长来到教室感谢他，利亚姆从“迟到大王”变成了全班同学敬佩的小英雄。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，他发现一辆银色的汽车停在阳光下。A. burning暴晒、发烫；B. parking停车；C. moving移动；D. waiting等待。根据后文“Inside there was a baby whose face was red”可知，汽车停在阳光下，“parking”符合语境，故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：车里有个婴儿，脸涨得通红，一直在哭。A. singing唱歌；B. clapping拍手；C. crying哭泣；D. praying祈祷。根据前文“whose face was red”可知，汽车在太阳下暴晒、车内环境恶劣，婴儿因闷热不适而哭闹，“crying”符合语义，故选C。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：利亚姆知道他必须采取行动。A. turns轮流；B. notes笔记；C. photos照片；D. measures措施。根据后文“he picked a rock and hit the window”的具体行动，可知此处指利亚姆决定采取措施救人，“take measures”为固定搭配，意为“采取措施”，符合语境，故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他敲了敲车窗，但没有人出现。A. appeared出现；B. complained抱怨；C. focused集中注意力；D. stared盯着看。根据前文“he knocked on the car’s window”的动作，以及后文利亚姆砸窗的行为，可知敲窗后无人回应、无人出现，“appeared”符合语义，故选A。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他试图开门时，发现车门都锁着。A. damaged损坏；B. locked锁上；C. fixed修理；D. removed移除。根据后文“he picked a rock and hit the window”的行为逻辑，正是因为车门无法打开，利亚姆才会选择砸窗，“locked”符合语境，故选B。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：利亚姆既害怕又不确定自己做得对不对，但还是把婴儿抱了出来。A. grabbed抓住、抱起；B. weighed称重；C. frightened使害怕；D. entertained娱乐。根据后文“the baby’s damp skin pressed against Liam’s shirt as he held him carefully”的英文表述，可知利亚姆将婴儿从车里抱了出来，“grabbed”在此处可理解为“迅速抱起”，符合语义，故选A。 7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他小心翼翼地抱着婴儿，轻轻摇晃着他，低声安慰道：“别担心，你现在安全了。”A. strongly强烈地；B. directly直接地；C. gently轻轻地；D. casually随意地。根据前文“held him carefully”的动作，以及安抚婴儿的语境，可知利亚姆的动作是轻柔的，“gently”符合语义，故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，传来一个女人的尖叫声。A. whisper低语；B. weep哭泣；C. accent口音；D. scream尖叫。根据后文女人的话语“What are you doing to my car?!”，可知她看到自己的车窗被砸，情绪激动，发出了尖叫声，“scream”符合语境，故选D。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但看到自己的孩子后，女人惊慌失措，解释说她只是冲出去买牛奶，却忘了时间。A. accepted接受；B. recorded记录；C. explained解释；D. promised承诺。根据后文“she’d rushed out for milk but lost track of time”的内容，可知这是女人对自己将婴儿留在车里的行为做出的解释，“explained”符合语义，故选C。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但利亚姆还没来得及说话，就听到了上课铃声，然后跑去了学校。A. referred提及；B. drove驾驶；C. returned返回；D. ran跑。根据前文“he was rushing to school as usual”的背景，以及空前“heard the school bell ring”的时间紧迫的情况，可知利亚姆会跑着去学校，“ran”符合语境，故选D。 11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的同学取笑他，叫他“迟到的利亚姆”。A. made fun of取笑；B. caught sight of看见；C. fell in with赞同；D. lived up to不辜负。根据后文“calling him ‘Late Liam’”的外号，可知同学们是在嘲笑他迟到，“made fun of”符合语义，故选A。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全班同学都惊呆了，盯着利亚姆看。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. shocked震惊的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. concerned担忧的。根据前文“It was the principal with the thankful woman. “There he is. I needed to thank him for saving my baby,””可知，原来同学们还在取笑利亚姆，而此刻婴儿母亲和校长来到教室感谢他，这种反转的场景让同学们感到意外和震惊，“shocked”符合语境，故选B。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天，利亚姆成了英雄。A. hero英雄；B. shame耻辱；C. success成功的人；D. customer顾客。根据前文“I needed to thank him for saving my baby”可知，利亚姆勇救婴儿、得到校长和婴儿母亲的表扬，因此他在同学们心中成为了英雄，“hero”符合语义，故选A。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的老师给父母打了电话，但不是为了责备他，而是告诉他们利亚姆的机智和勇敢。A. generosity慷慨；B. bravery勇敢；C. patience耐心；D. optimism乐观。根据前文利亚姆在危急时刻果断砸窗救人的行为，可知老师表扬他的品质是机智和勇敢，“bravery”符合语境，故选B。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：利亚姆保证自己以后不会再迟到了——除非有人需要救助。A. caring关心他人的；B. naughty淘气的；C. late迟到的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据前文“he didn’t get there on time”和“calling him ‘Late Liam’”可知，利亚姆此次迟到是因为救人，他承诺以后不会再迟到，“late”符合语义，故选C。 Passage 4 【工匠精神】 (2025-2026学年安徽省合肥市第一中学高三上学期1月英语考试试题)Zhen Shisheng is a man with hearing loss and speech difficulties. 1 his physical difficulties, Zhen has lived a meaningful life, thanks to his interest in and talent for and enthusiasm for the traditional Shanxi art of fahua ware. Fahua ware, which is mostly made in the south and east of Shanxi, is the porcelain version of cloisonne(景泰蓝), 2 the design elements are separated by copper wires. Porcelain featuring these techniques 3 (fire) at lower temperatures with the different colored glazes(釉料) and enamels(珐琅) applied to individual areas created by the slip lines. When 4 (recall) his experience to learn the techniques to make this Shanxi handicraft with a history of hundreds of years, Zhen said in sign language, “When you lose some abilities, you would cherish all the others 5 (leave) to you. Only when you apply all your senses and abilities to your subject of work can you 6 (possible) succeed.” Zhen learned the craft from his father, who is 7 master fahua ware craftsman in a porcelain factory. Zhen’s creativity and innovation are demonstrated in the 8 (free) of using lines and glaze colors, as well as the selection of patterns and images for decoration. The 9 (hard) part of learning to make fahua ware is that the fahua techniques have been lost for about 300 years, and today’s revival of the art has been made through artists’ painstaking research into ancient documents and existing museum exhibits, as well as 10 (they) own imagination. And he believes this cultural heritage can be passed down to future generations. 【答案】 1. Despite 2. where 3. is fired 4. recalling 5. left 6. possibly 7. a 8. freedom 9. hardest 10. their 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述山西听障人士甄世盛凭借对珐华器工艺的热爱与创新，克服身体障碍，传承并复兴了这一濒临失传的传统技艺的故事，展现了传统工艺的传承与个人奋斗精神。 1. 考查介词。句意：尽管身体有诸多不便，但甄凭借对传统山西珐华器艺术的兴趣、天赋和热情，过上了有意义的生活。空处应用介词，后接名词短语作宾语；介词despite表示“尽管”，符合句意；句首字母大写。故填Despite。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：珐华器主要产于山西南部和东部，是景泰蓝的瓷器版本，其图案元素由铜线分隔。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cloisonne，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 3. 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：采用这些工艺制作的瓷器是在较低温度下烧制而成的，其不同颜色的釉料和珐琅被涂在由泥线划分出的各个区域上。fire为动词，表示“烧制”，在句中作谓语，与主语Porcelain之间为被动关系，表示“瓷器被烧制”，且谓语为单数形式；该句表示客观事实，故应用一般现在时。故填is fired。 4. 考查现在分词。句意：当回忆学习这项有数百年历史的山西手工艺品制作技艺的经历时，甄用手语说道。recall为动词，表示“回忆”，该句为以when引导的时间状语从句的省略句，故空处应用其非谓语动词形式，与主语Zhen之间为主动关系，表示正在进行的的动作，应用现在分词。故填recalling。 5. 考查过去分词。句意：当你失去一些能力时，你会珍惜所有留下的能力。动词leave表示“留下”，由谓语would cherish可知，空处应用其非谓语动词形式，作后置定语，修饰others，并与其形成被动关系，表示“被留下的其他能力”，故应用过去分词。故填left。 6. 考查副词。句意：只有当你把所有的感官和能力都应用到你的工作主题中时，才可能成功。空处应用副词，修饰动词succeed，作状语；possibly为副词，表示“可能”，符合句意。故填possibly。 7. 考查冠词。句意：甄从父亲那里学到了这门手艺，他的父亲是一家瓷厂的珐华器工艺大师。空处应用冠词，修饰名词master，表示他的父亲是“一名大师”，故应用不定冠词a，表示泛指。故填a。 8. 考查名词。句意：甄在运用线条与釉彩的自由度以及装饰图案与意象的选择上，展现了其创造力与创新精神。空处应用名词，作宾语；freedom为名词，表示“自由”，符合句意。故填freedom。 9. 考查形容词最高级。句意：学习制作珐华器最难的部分是珐华技术已经失传了大约300年。空处应为形容词，修饰名词part，作定语；hard为形容词，表示“困难的”，根据定冠词The和句意可知，应用最高级形式，表示“最难的”。故填hardest。 10. 考查物主代词。句意：今天艺术的复兴是通过艺术家对古代文献和现有博物馆展品的潜心研究以及他们自己的想象力而实现的。空处作定语，修饰名词短语own imaginations，故应用形容词性的物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。 Passage 5 (2025-2026学年广东省东华高级中学东华松山湖高级中学高三上学期1月月考英语试题)Li Wei’s grandfather’s woodworking shop was full of memories and the smell of wood. For many years, the old man had made furniture using the ancient mortise-and-tenon(榫卯) way, without any nails(钉子). But now, his shop had to be torn down to build a new shopping mall. On his last visit before moving, 17-year-old Li Wei brought his classmate Emma, who was from England. “It’s just an old, dusty place,” Li Wei said, feeling a little embarrassed by the old tools. But Emma found it interesting. She saw a broken wooden stool(凳子) in the corner. “Look! This part came loose. Can we fix it?” She asked. For the first time in weeks, grandpa’s eyes shone with happiness. He softly told them that this stool was the first thing he made, fifty years ago. The cross-shaped tenon(十字榫) had become loose. “Modern glue can’t fix this,” He said. “It needs the old method — you must be precise, patient, and understand how wood works.” He put an old toolbox in front of them. Inside were special chisels(凿子) and a marking gauge(墨斗). “The secret,” Grandpa said quietly, “is not to force the pieces together, but to make them fit so they want to hold each other”. Then he left to pack some boxes. Li Wei looked closely at the wooden joints. Emma checked the tools with curiosity. “It’s like a 3d puzzle,” She said. “Your grandpa is right — this is clever work.” Suddenly, Li Wei felt proud and worried. The movers would come in two hours. Paragraph 1: Li Wei took a deep breath and picked up the thinnest chisel from the toolbox. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When the last joint fit perfectly into place, grandpa came back and saw the fixed stool. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Paragraph 1: Li Wei took a deep breath and picked up the thinnest chisel from the toolbox. He carefully scraped the worn edges of the tenon, while Emma held the stool steady. Following Grandpa’s words, they measured twice before making any cut. The old wood was fragile, and Li Wei’s hands trembled at first. But as they worked, a calm focus settled over them. Emma suggested ensuring the depth was precise. Bit by bit, the tenon was reshaped to fit its mortise. It was like solving a 3D puzzle where every angle mattered. Finally, after a gentle tap with a mallet, the joint slid in smoothly — a perfect fit without force. Paragraph 2: When the last joint fit perfectly into place, grandpa came back and saw the fixed stool. He stopped in the doorway, his eyes widening. Slowly, he walked over and ran his fingers over the repaired joint, a smile softening his weathered face. “This stool,” he said quietly, “I made it for your grandmother when we were newlyweds.” He looked at Li Wei and Emma, pride gleaming in his eyes. “You’ve not only fixed wood; you’ve kept a story alive.” Li Wei felt a warmth swelling in his chest — no longer embarrassed by the dusty shop, but honored to be part of its legacy. In that moment, he understood that some bonds, like the mortise and tenon, are meant to hold forever. 【导语】本文以榫卯技艺为线索展开，讲述李伟爷爷的木工店即将拆除，李伟带同学艾玛来访，爷爷拿出自己五十年前做的松动凳子，教他们用古法修复的故事。 【详解】 1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“李伟深吸一口气，从工具箱里拿起最薄的凿子。”可知，第一段可描写李伟和艾玛按照爷爷的指导，小心翼翼地修复凳子榫卯的过程，他们仔细测量、耐心打磨，最终让榫卯完美契合。 ②由第二段首句内容“当最后一个榫卯完美契合时，爷爷回来了，看到了修好的凳子。”可知，第二段可描写爷爷看到修好的凳子后十分动容，讲述凳子的过往，李伟也从羞愧转为自豪，意识到榫卯技艺承载的意义。 2. 续写线索：修复榫卯——契合完美——爷爷归来——讲述往事——感悟传承 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①颤抖：tremble/shake ②建议：suggest/propose ③匹配：fit/match 情绪类 ①平静地：quietly/calmly ②尴尬的：embarrassed/awkward 【点睛】 [高分句型1]It was like solving a 3D puzzle where every angle mattered. (运用了where引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]He stopped in the doorway, his eyes widening.(运用了独立主格结构his eyes widening作伴随状语) [高分句型3]In that moment, he understood that some bonds, like the mortise and tenon, are meant to hold forever. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $