题型综训07：题型之阅读 -阅读单选题、阅读六选四组合练（II）（综合训练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

题型综训07：阅读理解、六选四组合练（II） （满分：60分，推荐用时：60分钟） 第一套 Section A Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期周测英语试题 WONDERLAND: SCIENCE FICTION IN THE ATOMIC AGE Director: Adrian Munsey    Length: Four episodes    Streaming: Sky    Released: Out now Have you ever noticed how sometimes two movies can land with very similar ideas behind them? Dante’s Peak and Volcano. Deep Impact and Armageddon. The Truman Show and EDN. They’re apparently called ‘twin films’ and it happens quite a lot. The underlying theory of why tends to look at social circumstances; that events in the world have inspired creative minds to think along similar lines. Adrian Munsey’s four-part documentary looking at the history of science fiction spends much of its time connecting those threads. From the first written science fiction to multimillion dollar film franchises, this documentary series connects the dots between events in the world and the stories they inspired. The first episode looks at the first sci-fi, like Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, and the later influence of the First World War and then atomic weapons in visions of apocalyptic (似末世的) futures. Episode two digs deep into the space race and the emergence of dystopian (反乌托邦的) fiction through writers like Arthur C Clarke. The third episode brings us into more multicultural science fiction and themes of race in storytelling. It concludes in the fourth episode with a deeper examination of the role of film and television in science fiction, up to the Marvel Cinematic Universe and Christopher Nolan. As you can tell from that breakdown, it’s a documentary that spans over 200 years of history. The panel of experts and quotes and excerpts from some of the genre’s greatest minds give the whole piece tremendous weight and expertise. While it bounces around a lot, perhaps getting a little unfocused in the third episode, it weaves together a thrilling story through these distinct books and TV shows. It’s certainly at its best in those first two episodes, where written works of science fiction and the tremendous events of the first half of the 20th century are so clearly connected. These were times where new levels of destruction in the real world inspired dark tales of unknown horrors and fear of the end of civilisation. However, it was also a time of great leaps in technology that could open up authors to visions of new frontiers in space or beyond. You may hit a few plot spoilers along the way, but since most of the titles discussed are several years old at this point, this hopefully won’t be too much of a concern. As the series progressed, we noted down a few authors’ names for future reference and enjoyment. If your interests sit at the crossroads of history and sci-fi then this has to be a must-watch. If you just happen to like 2001: A Space Odyssey or Doctor Who, you’ll likely get a lot from this documentary too. 1．Deep Impact and Armageddon are similar in that _________. A．both films were shot by the same director, Adrian Munsey B．the social landscape inspires their writers to think alike C．science fiction is a thread to connect the plots in films D．twin films are a commonplace that appeals to viewers 2．Which statement is true about the 4 episodes of Science Fiction in the Atomic Age? A．All series are a weaving of the evolution of sci-fi and history. B．They examine Christopher Nolan’s contributions to sci-fi. C．They cover a span from the mid-20th century to today. D．All the four episodes are arranged in order of time. 3．What can be inferred about the viewers? A．They appreciate episode 3 and 4 most. B．20th century events broaden their visions. C．They have controversy over must-watches. D．Plot spoilers are unlikely to put them off. 4．The passage is most likely to be a(n)_________. A．science-fiction B．plot summary C．TV show review D．overview of an episode B 【来源】上海市建平中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月练习英语试卷 --By 1865 MEMBERSHIP OFFICE Langham’s legend dates back to 1865, when The Langham, London opened as Europe’s first “Grand Hotel”. For over 140 years, this flagship hotel has been at the forefront of charming. Today, all Langham properties worldwide show the same philosophy, reflecting elegance in design, innovation in hospitality, genuine service and fascination of the senses. ABOUT 1865 1865 is our way of saying thank-you for your support to our collection of hotels. Bringing you exclusive benefits and recognition, we ensure your stay with us is especially comfortable and uniquely memorable. EXPLORER Guests who are just beginning to get to know us by staying once in our properties will be invited to become Explorer members. GATEWAY Stay 3 times at any of our properties within a 12-month period and you will be entitled to Gateway membership. VOYAGER To enrol as Voyager member, simply gather a total of 5 stays within 12 months. DESTINY This membership rank is reserved for the top 1% of Voyager members who show the highest level of commitment by staying in our superior-category rooms and suites(套房). Exclusive to a chosen few, Destiny membership is offered by invitation only. 1865 MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS AT-A-GLANCE EXPLORER GATEWAY VOYAGER DESTINY In-room broadband Internet access * * * * Late check-out¹ - *(4pm) * (6pm) * (8pm) Personalized room preferences * * * Personalized welcome services - * (one) * (two) Upgrade to next room category² * * One-way coach service³ * Exclusive gift * Notes: 1. Depending on room availability 2. After becoming a Voyager member, when staying 5 or more times within a 12-month period 3. Between the city airport and the property, and valid with confirmed coach booking only 4. All benefits are restricted to the registered 1865 member. Remarks: Some of the above benefits do not apply to Eaton Smart, New Delhi Airport Transit Hotel. To explore the benefits of this hotel, please visit 1865.langhamhotels.com. 5．To have 1865 membership, guests need to ________. A．register at 1865.langhamhotel.com. B．visit Langham three times in a year. C．have five stays in Langham yearly. D．stay in Langham properties once. 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the given information? A．Gateway members have 4pm late check-out priority any time they want. B．Members can get the benefits listed in the table at all Langham’s properties. C．The very first hotel of Langham collection was built in 1865 in Britain. D．Top 1% Voyagers with super residence record can apply for Destiny membership. 7．Tony, on their honeymoon trip, wants to surprise his wife with a bunch of roses on arriving at the hotel. Tony at least needs to have the membership of________. A．EXPLORER B．GATEWAY C．VOYAGER D．DESTINY C 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 Sarcasm (讽刺) and jazz have something surprisingly in common: You know them when you hear them. Sarcasm is mostly understood through tone of voice, which is used to portray the opposite of the literal words. For example, when someone says, “Well, that’s exactly what I need right now,” their tone can tell you it’s not what they need at all. Most frequently, sarcasm highlights an irritation or is, quite simply, mean. If you want to be happier and improve your relationships, cut out sarcasm. Why? Because sarcasm is actually hostility disguised as humor. Despite smiling outwardly, many people who receive sarcastic comments feel put down and often think the sarcastic person is rude, or contemptible (可鄙的). Indeed, it’s not surprising that the origin of the word sarcasm derives from the Greek word “sarkazein” which literally means “to tear or strip the flesh off.” Hence, it’s no wonder that sarcasm is often used after the word “cutting” and that it hurts. What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it may only serve to heighten their underlying hostility and insecurity. After all, when you come right down to it, sarcasm can be used as a subtle form of bullying—and most bullies are angry, insecure, or cowardly. Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic ones, they may soon start to feel happier and more self-confident. Also, other people in their life benefit even more because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm. Now, I’m not saying all sarcasm is bad. It may just be better used sparingly—like a powerful spice in cooking. Too much of the spice, and the dish will be overwhelmed by it. Similarly, an occasional dash of sarcastic wit can spice up a chat and add an element of humor to it. But a big or steady serving of sarcasm will overwhelm the emotional flavor of any conversation and can taste very bitter to its recipient. So, tone down the sarcasm and work on clever wit instead, which is usually without any hostility and thus more appreciated by those you’re communicating with. In essence, sarcasm is easy while true, harmless wit takes talent. Thus, the main difference between wit and sarcasm is that, as already stated, sarcasm is often hostility disguised as humor. It can be intended to hurt and is often bitter and biting. Witty statements are usually in response to someone’s unhelpful remarks or behaviors, and the intent is to untangle and clarify the issue by emphasizing its ridicule. Sarcastic statements are expressed in a cutting manner; witty remarks are delivered with undisguised and harmless humor. 8．Why does the author say sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common? A．Both are recognized when heard. B．Both have exactly the same tone. C．Both mean the opposite of what they appear to. D．Both have hidden in them an evident irritation. 9．What happens when a person consistently acts sarcastically? A．They feel their dignity greatly heightened. B．They feel increasingly insecure and hostile. C．They endure hostility under the disguise of humor. D．They taste bitterness even in pleasant interactions. 10．What does the author say about people quitting sarcastic comments? A．It makes others happier and more self-confident. B．It restrains them from being irritating and bullying. C．It benefits not only themselves but also those around them. D．It shields them from negative comments and outright hostility. 11．What is the chief difference between a speaker’s wit and sarcasm? A．Their intention. B．Their appreciation. C．Their emphasis. D．Their clarity. Section B Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市松江二中2025-2026学年高三上学期10月考试英语试题 You may be familiar with the statistic that 90% of the world’s data were created in the last few years. The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history. To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias (倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind. It’s also worth remembering that novelty tends to be a dominant consideration when deciding what data to keep or delete. Out with the old and in with the new. That’s the digital trend in a world where search algorithms (算法) are systematically biased towards freshness. They are designed in line with human preference. Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them. What’s really needed is something thought of as “intelligent forgetting”: learning to let go of the immediate past in order to keep its larger continuities in view. It’s an act similar to organising a photograph album— although with more maths. When are two million photographs less valuable than two thousand? Many data sets are irreducible and most precious when complete: gene sequences; demographic (人口的) data; the raw, hard knowledge of geography and physics. The softer the science, however, the more that scale is likely to be reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data. Either we choose carefully what endures, matters and meaningfully captures our past— or its toot print is silently replaced by the present’s growing noise. Mere gathering is no cure-all answer. In an era of bigger and bigger data, the leading warning for those who have to make decisions is that what you choose not to know matters just as much as what you do. 12．What is the major problem with the explosion of recent information? A．Trends are too quickly produced. B．People have poor eyesight alter viewing too much information. C．Present information is given too much emphasis. D．Prediction for future development largely depends on the past information. 13．What causes widespread preference for newness? A．That algorithms requires the latest to make accurate prediction. B．That humans are accustomed to losing interest in old things. C．That short renewed period is the feature of modern data. D．That search algorithms keep uncovering the value of the newness. 14．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Recent past experience is rarely used to provide reference for future events. B．The quality of geographic knowledge depends on photo sorting rather than full data. C．Intelligent forgetting refers to replacing the immediate past with far-back data. D．Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quality. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．The side effect of digital innovation. B．The values of complete data in softer subjects. C．The data discrimination caused by algorithms. D．The faulty preference for fresh data and ways out. 第二套 Section A Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A 【来源】上海市徐汇区上海中学2025-2026学年高三上学期练习英语试题 A trove of unpublished poems by the late Irish poet Seamus Heaney is set to be printed alongside his collected and uncollected poems, published together for the first time. The Poems of Seamus Heaney will feature his 12 collections interspersed (穿插) with poems published in magazines, journals and newspapers, plus 25 poems selected from Heaney’s large number of unpublished works. Many of the unpublished poems are housed in the National Library of Ireland (NLI) , where the poet bequeathed (遗赠) his literary papers before his death in 2013. Whether or not they should be published was an “absolutely core question”, said Matthew Hollis, a poet and a long-term editor of Heaney, who worked with the poet’s family and fellow editors Rosie Lavan and Bernard O’Donoghue over the last decade to put together the collection. “If an author chose not to publish a poem, does anyone else have the right to do so?” However, given that Heaney had passed the poems to the NLI, “we didn’t get a sense that he wished them to remain private”, said Hollis. Some of the poems they looked at had not reached a state of completion that “perhaps Seamus himself would have been satisfied” with, which is why he may have set them aside. The chosen unpublished poems are included in the appendix, so as to separate them from the works published in Heaney’s lifetime. The book also features a commentary by the editors, which “situates” the poems. Reading his 12 collections together, there is a “clear sense of moving between subjects and periods”, said Hollis. The first four have a “common project in the ground and in the bog metaphor”, which he used to write about Ireland’s history and the Troubles; there is then a “middle period” focused on domestic life and fatherhood; and finally a later period in which he “seems to face out and addresses worldly subjects”, including 9/11 and the 7/7 bombings. Putting together the collection, Hollis was struck by “quite how hardworking Seamus Heaney was”. When writers reach a reputation so “internationally profound”, there can be “an assumption that somehow it’s easy for them, or that they simply have a supreme gift that the rest of us don’t have.” But Heaney’s many drafts make clear “how many avenues he would turn up and then turn back having not reached the right place”, said Hollis. He had a busy life as a lecturer and father, and “quite a number” of drafts are time-stamped “three o’clock in the morning”. Some poems would take years to arrive in their final form. “Even knowledgeable readers may be surprised at the depth and the vigour with which Seamus would work in order to bring the latent poem to the surface.” 1．What can we learn about the unpublished poems in The Poems of Seamus Heaney? A．They were first made public by Heaney’s family. B．They were separately placed in the appendix. C．They were compiled by Matthew Hollis alone. D．They were published against the author’s will. 2．Why did some of Heaney’s poems remain incomplete or set aside? A．They were meant to separate from his other works. B．Heaney was too occupied to revise and perfect them. C．They possibly did not meet Heaney’s own criteria. D．Heaney had intended to donate them to the NLI. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Seamus Heaney? A．He was a passionate and insightful poet. B．He wrote to show his supreme talent. C．He created poems fast on various themes. D．He worked day and night for his family. 4．What does the underlined quote in the last paragraph imply? A．Heaney struck a great balance between lecturing and fatherhood. B．Heaney went to many places and wrote poems on the spot. C．Heaney spent a great amount of time polishing his works. D．Heaney had to switch many themes to find inspiration. B 【来源】上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 You might have seen spies in movies, dressed in cool outfits and using high-tech gadgets, but did you know that spying has been around for thousands of years? Check out this timeline to learn about spies from different periods in history. 1. ca. (大约) 3100 B．C． -332 B．C． Ancient Egyptian spies were some of the first to use poison to get the job done. To silence their enemies, they used killer methods which included poisons from plants and snakes. 2. ca. 1185-1600 The Japanese used spies called ninjas. These ninjas were experts in gathering secret information from enemies and competitors. They were trained since childhood in sneaking around and assassinating, but female ninjas would sneak into enemy locations by dressing up as dancers or servants. 3. ca. 1325-1521 Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s now central Mexico. They were nicknamed “mice” because they worked at night to hide while spying. Their job was really dangerous, because if they got caught, they could be enslaved or even killed. That’s why they were paid more than most Aztec workers. 4. 1573 to 1590 Sir Francis Walsingham helped protect Queen Elizabeth I of England by creating a network of spies. They were skilled at reading coded letters and secretly opening and resealing envelopes containing information. 5. 1775-1783 Before he became president of what would soon become the United States, George Washington had a group of spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revolutionary War. One of its members, Anna Strong, sent coded messages through her laundry. She hung clothes according to color and number to tell soldiers where secret messages were hidden. For example, a black dress and two handkerchiefs might have meant “check the second closest river.” 6. 1861-1865 Harriet Tubman is famous for helping enslaved people in the United States escape North, where slavery was illegal. But she was also a spy during the Civil War. She made maps of the land so northern troops could safely travel through Southern states. 7. 1960s During the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (now Russia), spy activities on both sides increased. To help, intelligence agencies developed sneaky gadgets for spies to eavesdrop and collect information. One popular device was the buttonhole camera, which could be controlled from inside a coat pocket. It allowed spies to secretly take a photo by opening a fake button on the coat. 8. 1916 During World War I, there was a Dutch dancer called Mata Hari. She accepted an assignment to spy for France in 1916 but actually worked for their enemy, Germany. She was found guilty of telling the Germans secrets about a new weapon that the French were using—the tank— and was put to death in 1917. 9. 2025 Today, spies don’t even need to leave their homes to collect secret information. They use computer programs called spyware from anywhere in the world to track activity and access top-secret information on faraway devices such as computers, tablets and smartphones. Many companies consider cyber espionage to be their number-one threat. 5．Aztec spies were nicknamed “mice” due to their ________. A．small and quick movements B．nighttime activities for spying C．expertise in hiding in dark places D．use of underground spaces for secret operations 6．Which of the following spies used secret codes to send messages to fellow spies? A．Mata Hari B．Harriet Tubman C．Sir Francis Walsingham D．Anna Strong 7．What can we know about spies throughout history? A．Spying has been around for a thousand years. B．Modern spies depend heavily on cool tools and outfits for the operations. C．Different cultures had their own spies with unique methods. D．The ways of spying have remained unchanged throughout history. C 【来源】上海市徐汇区上海中学2025-2026学年高三上学期练习一英语试题 Daydreaming, or mind-wandering, is generally seen by teachers as an undesirable activity. And yet, on average, we daydream nearly 47% of our waking hours. If our brain spends nearly half of our awake time doing it, there is probably a good reason why. Research shows that there are three types of daydreaming. The first is “guilty dysphoric” daydreaming, when we either keep thinking about a negative past experience or imagine the worst possible outcomes for the future. Then there is “poor attentional control,” where a person struggles to focus on a particular thought or task. These two kinds of daydreaming don’t have identifiable benefits. But the third type, “positive constructive daydreaming (PCD),” where we cast our mind forward and imagine future possibilities in a creative, positive way, can be quite beneficial. Helpful for planning and creativity, PCD is the bridge that links our internal observations with the forecasting required for future exploration. Inner reflection, not external drivers, is believed to empower humanity to direct their own lives and lead themselves. Inner reflection arises from consciousness, which is considered inseparable from thinking and represents an integral awareness of the working of our own mind. Open observation of our internal consciousness paved the way for curious exploration of our external world. The part of our brain most often associated with daydreaming is called the “default mode network” (DMN). The term “default mode” refers to the part of our brain associated with our resting state and is responsible for our ability to reflect on our own consciousness and internal narrative. The DMN is a system active during reflective activities like daydreaming, and quiet when focused mental effort is required. The DMN also connects many brain regions, impacting a host of other activity patterns. But more interesting and somewhat mysterious, the DMN is responsible for much of our abstract conceptual thought — the reflective, self-aware kind that separates us from animals — and it recalls and constructs social contexts to help us make meaning of our life. While the DMN can become disturbed during mental decline, PCD can actually thicken the cerebral cortex, or what’s known as our brain’s gray matter, the thinning of which is associated with the mental decline of aging. Though this link isn’t fully understood yet, we know that a well-functioning DMN — where we cast our mind’s eye forward in time or reflect on our past experience (as in PCD) — plays a central role in our healthy mental functioning, in areas like memory strengthening, planning, and self-control. Despite the benefits, we are conditioning daydreaming out of our kids — and in turn, out of our adult lives as well. Most schools place such a strong emphasis on an assumption of high attentional demand that they’ve failed to balance the potential benefit of PCD’s “constructive internal reflection”. Rather than criticizing daydreaming, we should protect it, cultivate it, and honor it. People who daydream are more reflective, have a deeper sense of sympathy, and show more moral decision-making. And ultimately, children who are more reflective, sympathetic, and moral grow up to be the adults who build a more just society. 8．Why is daydreaming generally seen as an undesirable activity by teachers? A．Because children spend too much time daydreaming. B．Because just one type of daydreaming brings benefits. C．Because schools like kids with good attentional control. D．Because few children are capable of engaging in PCD． 9．Which of the following is a benefit of daydreaming? A．Showing inner reflection on our mindset and creativity. B．Promoting curiosity about exploring the external world. C．Providing direct empowerment for future possibilities. D．Encouraging reflection and sympathy at a social level. 10．What are the characteristics of DMN? ①Active during daydreaming and reflection. ②Examining mental health with abstract thought. ③Connecting brain regions and aiding thinking. ④Countering age-related changes in the brain. ⑤Supporting self-awareness and imagination. ⑥Systematically analyzing relevant social contexts. ⑦Taking a back seat when attention is needed. A．①③⑤⑦ B．①②④⑤ C．①③④⑥ D．①②⑥⑦ 11．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．Daydreaming: Teachers’ Poison, Kids’ Meat B．Why Daydreaming is So Good for You C．Develop Daydreaming Constructively D．Build a Just Society with Daydreaming Section B Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 “Be present.” This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-awareness and acceptance. Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. Earlier this year, a synthesis of randomized controlled trials revealed that mindfulness-based interventions had small to moderate benefits for a number of health outcomes, including stress, anxiety and depression. 12 . That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary. Everyday examples range from riding a bike to chopping cucumbers-to brushing your teeth. Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. 13 . We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be performed this way once they are well practised. To be clear, paying attention is important when learning a new skill. But research has also revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure”: 14 . In a classic study, cognitive scientist Sian Beilock and her colleagues had skilled golfers attempt to sink putts (推球入洞) under different experimental conditions. In one scheme, the golfers were simply instructed to pay attention to the swing of their club and say “stop” when they finished their swing. In another condition, they were directed to listen for a target sound while ignoring other noises and say the word “tone” when they heard the target sound. Surprisingly, the skilled golfers performed considerably worse when they focused on their swing than when they paid attention to irrelevant sounds. Nevertheless, the important message from this research is that focusing too carefully on the execution of well-practiced motor sequences can cause mistakes. 15 . But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a sport, don’t overthink it. A．In any type of mindfulness exercise, the goal is to perform routine activities with a heightened sense of attention. B．Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. C．They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. D．Automaticity can be disrupted by explicit attention when the devotion of conscious attention to the pattern alters the content or timing of that pattern itself. E．Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment. F．These processes run off without conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events. 12 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型综训07：阅读理解、六选四组合练（II） （满分：60分，推荐用时：60分钟） 第一套 Section A Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期周测英语试题 WONDERLAND: SCIENCE FICTION IN THE ATOMIC AGE Director: Adrian Munsey    Length: Four episodes    Streaming: Sky    Released: Out now Have you ever noticed how sometimes two movies can land with very similar ideas behind them? Dante’s Peak and Volcano. Deep Impact and Armageddon. The Truman Show and EDN. They’re apparently called ‘twin films’ and it happens quite a lot. The underlying theory of why tends to look at social circumstances; that events in the world have inspired creative minds to think along similar lines. Adrian Munsey’s four-part documentary looking at the history of science fiction spends much of its time connecting those threads. From the first written science fiction to multimillion dollar film franchises, this documentary series connects the dots between events in the world and the stories they inspired. The first episode looks at the first sci-fi, like Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, and the later influence of the First World War and then atomic weapons in visions of apocalyptic (似末世的) futures. Episode two digs deep into the space race and the emergence of dystopian (反乌托邦的) fiction through writers like Arthur C Clarke. The third episode brings us into more multicultural science fiction and themes of race in storytelling. It concludes in the fourth episode with a deeper examination of the role of film and television in science fiction, up to the Marvel Cinematic Universe and Christopher Nolan. As you can tell from that breakdown, it’s a documentary that spans over 200 years of history. The panel of experts and quotes and excerpts from some of the genre’s greatest minds give the whole piece tremendous weight and expertise. While it bounces around a lot, perhaps getting a little unfocused in the third episode, it weaves together a thrilling story through these distinct books and TV shows. It’s certainly at its best in those first two episodes, where written works of science fiction and the tremendous events of the first half of the 20th century are so clearly connected. These were times where new levels of destruction in the real world inspired dark tales of unknown horrors and fear of the end of civilisation. However, it was also a time of great leaps in technology that could open up authors to visions of new frontiers in space or beyond. You may hit a few plot spoilers along the way, but since most of the titles discussed are several years old at this point, this hopefully won’t be too much of a concern. As the series progressed, we noted down a few authors’ names for future reference and enjoyment. If your interests sit at the crossroads of history and sci-fi then this has to be a must-watch. If you just happen to like 2001: A Space Odyssey or Doctor Who, you’ll likely get a lot from this documentary too. 1．Deep Impact and Armageddon are similar in that _________. A．both films were shot by the same director, Adrian Munsey B．the social landscape inspires their writers to think alike C．science fiction is a thread to connect the plots in films D．twin films are a commonplace that appeals to viewers 2．Which statement is true about the 4 episodes of Science Fiction in the Atomic Age? A．All series are a weaving of the evolution of sci-fi and history. B．They examine Christopher Nolan’s contributions to sci-fi. C．They cover a span from the mid-20th century to today. D．All the four episodes are arranged in order of time. 3．What can be inferred about the viewers? A．They appreciate episode 3 and 4 most. B．20th century events broaden their visions. C．They have controversy over must-watches. D．Plot spoilers are unlikely to put them off. 4．The passage is most likely to be a(n)_________. A．science-fiction B．plot summary C．TV show review D．overview of an episode 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四集纪录片《奇境：原子时代的科幻小说》的基本信息，随后分析了纪录片的核心逻辑、拆解了各集内容、评价了其优缺点，并给出了观众适配建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“They’re apparently called ‘twin films’ and it happens quite a lot. The underlying theory of why tends to look at social circumstances; that events in the world have inspired creative minds to think along similar lines. (它们显然被称为‘孪生电影’，这种情况很常见。其背后的理论往往着眼于社会环境：世界上的事件启发了创作者们产生相似的想法。)”可知，《天地大冲撞》和《世界末日》作为“孪生电影”，相似之处在于社会环境启发了创作者们产生相似的思路。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“From the first written science fiction to multimillion dollar film franchises, this documentary series connects the dots between events in the world and the stories they inspired. (从第一部科幻文学作品到价值数百万美元的电影系列，这部纪录片将世界上的事件与其启发的故事联系起来。)”以及对四集内容的拆解（第一集关联一战、核武器与末世题材，第二集关联太空竞赛与反乌托邦小说，第三集涉及多元文化与种族主题，第四集聚焦影视及漫威宇宙等）可知，整部纪录片都将科幻的演变与历史事件相融合。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You may hit a few plot spoilers along the way, but since most of the titles discussed are several years old at this point, this hopefully won’t be too much of a concern. (你可能会遇到一些情节剧透，但由于讨论的大多数作品都是几年前的了，希望这不会造成太大问题。)”可推断，剧透不太可能让观众失去兴趣。故选D。 4．推理判断题。文章开篇介绍了纪录片的基本信息（导演、集数、播放平台等），随后分析了纪录片的核心逻辑、拆解了各集内容、评价了其优缺点，并给出了观众适配建议，符合电视节目评论的特征。故选C。 B 【来源】上海市建平中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月练习英语试卷 --By 1865 MEMBERSHIP OFFICE Langham’s legend dates back to 1865, when The Langham, London opened as Europe’s first “Grand Hotel”. For over 140 years, this flagship hotel has been at the forefront of charming. Today, all Langham properties worldwide show the same philosophy, reflecting elegance in design, innovation in hospitality, genuine service and fascination of the senses. ABOUT 1865 1865 is our way of saying thank-you for your support to our collection of hotels. Bringing you exclusive benefits and recognition, we ensure your stay with us is especially comfortable and uniquely memorable. EXPLORER Guests who are just beginning to get to know us by staying once in our properties will be invited to become Explorer members. GATEWAY Stay 3 times at any of our properties within a 12-month period and you will be entitled to Gateway membership. VOYAGER To enrol as Voyager member, simply gather a total of 5 stays within 12 months. DESTINY This membership rank is reserved for the top 1% of Voyager members who show the highest level of commitment by staying in our superior-category rooms and suites(套房). Exclusive to a chosen few, Destiny membership is offered by invitation only. 1865 MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS AT-A-GLANCE EXPLORER GATEWAY VOYAGER DESTINY In-room broadband Internet access * * * * Late check-out¹ - *(4pm) * (6pm) * (8pm) Personalized room preferences * * * Personalized welcome services - * (one) * (two) Upgrade to next room category² * * One-way coach service³ * Exclusive gift * Notes: 1. Depending on room availability 2. After becoming a Voyager member, when staying 5 or more times within a 12-month period 3. Between the city airport and the property, and valid with confirmed coach booking only 4. All benefits are restricted to the registered 1865 member. Remarks: Some of the above benefits do not apply to Eaton Smart, New Delhi Airport Transit Hotel. To explore the benefits of this hotel, please visit 1865.langhamhotels.com. 5．To have 1865 membership, guests need to ________. A．register at 1865.langhamhotel.com. B．visit Langham three times in a year. C．have five stays in Langham yearly. D．stay in Langham properties once. 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the given information? A．Gateway members have 4pm late check-out priority any time they want. B．Members can get the benefits listed in the table at all Langham’s properties. C．The very first hotel of Langham collection was built in 1865 in Britain. D．Top 1% Voyagers with super residence record can apply for Destiny membership. 7．Tony, on their honeymoon trip, wants to surprise his wife with a bunch of roses on arriving at the hotel. Tony at least needs to have the membership of________. A．EXPLORER B．GATEWAY C．VOYAGER D．DESTINY 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了朗廷酒店1865会员体系的等级规则及对应的会员权益。 5．细节理解题。根据EXPLORER部分“Guests who are just beginning to get to know us by staying once in our properties will be invited to become Explorer members. (那些通过在我们的酒店入住一次而刚刚开始了解我们的客人，将被邀请成为探索者会员)”及会员体系的等级说明可知，1865会员的入门级(EXPLORER)只需在朗廷酒店入住一次即可获得。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据第一段“Langham’s legend dates back to 1865, when The Langham, London opened as Europe’s first “Grand Hotel”. (朗廷的传奇可以追溯到1865年，当时伦敦朗廷酒店作为欧洲第一家“豪华酒店”开业)”可知，朗廷酒店的第一家店是1865年在英国伦敦开业的。故选C项。 7．推理判断题。根据1865 MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS AT-A-GLANCE表格中Personalized welcome services的权益显示，VOYAGER会员可享受一项个性化欢迎服务，Tony想在抵达酒店时送玫瑰惊喜，属于个性化欢迎服务，符合他“送玫瑰”的需求。故选C项。 C 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 Sarcasm (讽刺) and jazz have something surprisingly in common: You know them when you hear them. Sarcasm is mostly understood through tone of voice, which is used to portray the opposite of the literal words. For example, when someone says, “Well, that’s exactly what I need right now,” their tone can tell you it’s not what they need at all. Most frequently, sarcasm highlights an irritation or is, quite simply, mean. If you want to be happier and improve your relationships, cut out sarcasm. Why? Because sarcasm is actually hostility disguised as humor. Despite smiling outwardly, many people who receive sarcastic comments feel put down and often think the sarcastic person is rude, or contemptible (可鄙的). Indeed, it’s not surprising that the origin of the word sarcasm derives from the Greek word “sarkazein” which literally means “to tear or strip the flesh off.” Hence, it’s no wonder that sarcasm is often used after the word “cutting” and that it hurts. What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it may only serve to heighten their underlying hostility and insecurity. After all, when you come right down to it, sarcasm can be used as a subtle form of bullying—and most bullies are angry, insecure, or cowardly. Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic ones, they may soon start to feel happier and more self-confident. Also, other people in their life benefit even more because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm. Now, I’m not saying all sarcasm is bad. It may just be better used sparingly—like a powerful spice in cooking. Too much of the spice, and the dish will be overwhelmed by it. Similarly, an occasional dash of sarcastic wit can spice up a chat and add an element of humor to it. But a big or steady serving of sarcasm will overwhelm the emotional flavor of any conversation and can taste very bitter to its recipient. So, tone down the sarcasm and work on clever wit instead, which is usually without any hostility and thus more appreciated by those you’re communicating with. In essence, sarcasm is easy while true, harmless wit takes talent. Thus, the main difference between wit and sarcasm is that, as already stated, sarcasm is often hostility disguised as humor. It can be intended to hurt and is often bitter and biting. Witty statements are usually in response to someone’s unhelpful remarks or behaviors, and the intent is to untangle and clarify the issue by emphasizing its ridicule. Sarcastic statements are expressed in a cutting manner; witty remarks are delivered with undisguised and harmless humor. 8．Why does the author say sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common? A．Both are recognized when heard. B．Both have exactly the same tone. C．Both mean the opposite of what they appear to. D．Both have hidden in them an evident irritation. 9．What happens when a person consistently acts sarcastically? A．They feel their dignity greatly heightened. B．They feel increasingly insecure and hostile. C．They endure hostility under the disguise of humor. D．They taste bitterness even in pleasant interactions. 10．What does the author say about people quitting sarcastic comments? A．It makes others happier and more self-confident. B．It restrains them from being irritating and bullying. C．It benefits not only themselves but also those around them. D．It shields them from negative comments and outright hostility. 11．What is the chief difference between a speaker’s wit and sarcasm? A．Their intention. B．Their appreciation. C．Their emphasis. D．Their clarity. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 【导语】本文为议论文。文章通过类比讽刺与爵士乐的共性引入主题，论证 "减少讽刺、倡导善意机智" 的观点，剖析讽刺的本质危害、与机智的核心区别，最终给出沟通建议。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Sarcasm and jazz have something surprisingly in common: You know them when you hear them.(讽刺和爵士乐之间竟有着惊人的相似之处：当你听到它们的时候，就能立刻辨别出来。)”可知，讽刺和爵士乐之间的相似之处在于“一听就能识别出来”。故选A项。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“What’s more, since actions strongly determine thoughts and feelings, when a person consistently acts sarcastically it may only serve to heighten their underlying hostility and insecurity.(此外，由于行为会极大地影响思想和情感，如果一个人总是以讽刺的方式行事，这可能只会加剧他们内心深处的敌意和不安感。)”可知，持续讽刺行为会强化内在的敌意和不安全感。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Alternatively, when a person stops voicing negative comments, especially sarcastic ones, they may soon start to feel happier and more self-confident. Also, other people in their life benefit even more because they no longer have to hear the emotionally hurtful language of sarcasm.(另外，当一个人不再发表负面评论（尤其是带有讽刺意味的评论）时，他们很快就会开始感到更加快乐和自信。而且，他们生活中的其他人也会受益更多，因为他们不再需要听到那种充满情感伤害的讽刺话语了。)”可知，停止讽刺后，本人更快乐自信，周围人因免受伤害而获益更多，即，对自己，对周围的人都有益处。故选C项。 11．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Thus, the main difference between wit and sarcasm is that, as already stated, sarcasm is often hostility disguised as humor. It can be intended to hurt and is often bitter and biting. Witty statements are usually in response to someone’s unhelpful remarks or behaviors, and the intent is to untangle and clarify the issue by emphasizing its ridicule.(因此，机智与讽刺的主要区别在于：正如我们之前所说，讽刺往往是以幽默的形式来掩饰敌意的。它的目的往往在于伤害他人，并且通常带有尖刻和刺耳的意味。机智的言论通常是对他人无益的言论或行为的回应，其目的在于通过强调其荒谬之处来理清并阐明问题。)”可知，讽刺是“伪装成幽默的敌意”，意图伤人；机智则“无恶意且幽默”，无敌意，意图理清问题。由此推知，二者的主要区别在于意图不同。故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市松江二中2025-2026学年高三上学期10月考试英语试题 You may be familiar with the statistic that 90% of the world’s data were created in the last few years. The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history. To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias (倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind. It’s also worth remembering that novelty tends to be a dominant consideration when deciding what data to keep or delete. Out with the old and in with the new. That’s the digital trend in a world where search algorithms (算法) are systematically biased towards freshness. They are designed in line with human preference. Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them. What’s really needed is something thought of as “intelligent forgetting”: learning to let go of the immediate past in order to keep its larger continuities in view. It’s an act similar to organising a photograph album— although with more maths. When are two million photographs less valuable than two thousand? Many data sets are irreducible and most precious when complete: gene sequences; demographic (人口的) data; the raw, hard knowledge of geography and physics. The softer the science, however, the more that scale is likely to be reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data. Either we choose carefully what endures, matters and meaningfully captures our past— or its toot print is silently replaced by the present’s growing noise. Mere gathering is no cure-all answer. In an era of bigger and bigger data, the leading warning for those who have to make decisions is that what you choose not to know matters just as much as what you do. 12．What is the major problem with the explosion of recent information? A．Trends are too quickly produced. B．People have poor eyesight alter viewing too much information. C．Present information is given too much emphasis. D．Prediction for future development largely depends on the past information. 13．What causes widespread preference for newness? A．That algorithms requires the latest to make accurate prediction. B．That humans are accustomed to losing interest in old things. C．That short renewed period is the feature of modern data. D．That search algorithms keep uncovering the value of the newness. 14．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Recent past experience is rarely used to provide reference for future events. B．The quality of geographic knowledge depends on photo sorting rather than full data. C．Intelligent forgetting refers to replacing the immediate past with far-back data. D．Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quality. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．The side effect of digital innovation. B．The values of complete data in softer subjects. C．The data discrimination caused by algorithms. D．The faulty preference for fresh data and ways out. 【答案】12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人们以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息，形成对新数据错误的偏好。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.（这样的信息增长速度带来的最大挫折是，现在的时刻总是比过去的时刻出现得更大。短视在这个结构中根深蒂固，表现为一种压倒性的倾向，即以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息。）”可知，最近信息爆炸的主要问题是现在的信息被过分强调了。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them.（这种对现在的偏见从结构上根植于人类的弱点，即我们不断抛弃我们曾经珍惜的东西，仅仅因为我们对它们感到厌倦。 ）”可知，导致人们对新事物的普遍偏好的是人类已经习惯了对旧事物失去兴趣。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The softer the science, however, the more that scale is likely to be reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data.（然而，科学越软，这个尺度就越有可能与质量反向联系。在这些情况下，时间本身就非常重要，可以作为判断数据价值的试 金石。）”可知，当数据质量与质量不符时，时间可以帮助我们评估数据，即Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quality，故选D。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.（短视在这个结构中根深蒂固，表现为一种压倒性的倾向，即以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息。”尤其是第二段的“To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias (倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind.（要理解为什么这很重要，考虑一下社会科学关于“近因偏见”的发现，它描述了一种倾向，即假设未来的事件与最近的经历非常相似。人们倾向于不成比例地根据最容易想到的东西来思考。）”可知，本文主要讲的是人们对新数据的错误偏好。故选D。 第二套 Section A Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A 【来源】上海市徐汇区上海中学2025-2026学年高三上学期练习英语试题 A trove of unpublished poems by the late Irish poet Seamus Heaney is set to be printed alongside his collected and uncollected poems, published together for the first time. The Poems of Seamus Heaney will feature his 12 collections interspersed (穿插) with poems published in magazines, journals and newspapers, plus 25 poems selected from Heaney’s large number of unpublished works. Many of the unpublished poems are housed in the National Library of Ireland (NLI) , where the poet bequeathed (遗赠) his literary papers before his death in 2013. Whether or not they should be published was an “absolutely core question”, said Matthew Hollis, a poet and a long-term editor of Heaney, who worked with the poet’s family and fellow editors Rosie Lavan and Bernard O’Donoghue over the last decade to put together the collection. “If an author chose not to publish a poem, does anyone else have the right to do so?” However, given that Heaney had passed the poems to the NLI, “we didn’t get a sense that he wished them to remain private”, said Hollis. Some of the poems they looked at had not reached a state of completion that “perhaps Seamus himself would have been satisfied” with, which is why he may have set them aside. The chosen unpublished poems are included in the appendix, so as to separate them from the works published in Heaney’s lifetime. The book also features a commentary by the editors, which “situates” the poems. Reading his 12 collections together, there is a “clear sense of moving between subjects and periods”, said Hollis. The first four have a “common project in the ground and in the bog metaphor”, which he used to write about Ireland’s history and the Troubles; there is then a “middle period” focused on domestic life and fatherhood; and finally a later period in which he “seems to face out and addresses worldly subjects”, including 9/11 and the 7/7 bombings. Putting together the collection, Hollis was struck by “quite how hardworking Seamus Heaney was”. When writers reach a reputation so “internationally profound”, there can be “an assumption that somehow it’s easy for them, or that they simply have a supreme gift that the rest of us don’t have.” But Heaney’s many drafts make clear “how many avenues he would turn up and then turn back having not reached the right place”, said Hollis. He had a busy life as a lecturer and father, and “quite a number” of drafts are time-stamped “three o’clock in the morning”. Some poems would take years to arrive in their final form. “Even knowledgeable readers may be surprised at the depth and the vigour with which Seamus would work in order to bring the latent poem to the surface.” 1．What can we learn about the unpublished poems in The Poems of Seamus Heaney? A．They were first made public by Heaney’s family. B．They were separately placed in the appendix. C．They were compiled by Matthew Hollis alone. D．They were published against the author’s will. 2．Why did some of Heaney’s poems remain incomplete or set aside? A．They were meant to separate from his other works. B．Heaney was too occupied to revise and perfect them. C．They possibly did not meet Heaney’s own criteria. D．Heaney had intended to donate them to the NLI. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Seamus Heaney? A．He was a passionate and insightful poet. B．He wrote to show his supreme talent. C．He created poems fast on various themes. D．He worked day and night for his family. 4．What does the underlined quote in the last paragraph imply? A．Heaney struck a great balance between lecturing and fatherhood. B．Heaney went to many places and wrote poems on the spot. C．Heaney spent a great amount of time polishing his works. D．Heaney had to switch many themes to find inspiration. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了已故诗人谢默斯・希尼的诗集即将出版，收录其各类诗作，提及编辑对未出版诗作的考量、其作品的创作阶段特点及他勤奋的创作历程。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The chosen unpublished poems are included in the appendix, so as to separate them from the works published in Heaney’s lifetime. (最终入选的未出版诗作被纳入附录，以此与诗人在世时发表的作品区分开来。)”可知，未出版诗作被单独收录在附录中。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some of the poems they looked at had not reached a state of completion that “perhaps Seamus himself would have been satisfied” with, which is why he may have set them aside.. (他们审阅的部分诗作，或许未能达到“希尼本人满意”的完成度，这也是他将这些诗搁置一旁的原因。)”可知，部分诗作被搁置的原因在于未达到诗人自身的满意标准。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Reading his 12 collections together, there is a “clear sense of moving between subjects and periods”, said Hollis. The first four have a “common project in the ground and in the bog metaphor”, which he used to write about Ireland’s history and the Troubles; there is then a “middle period” focused on domestic life and fatherhood; and finally a later period in which he “seems to face out and addresses worldly subjects”, including 9/11 and the 7/7 bombings. (霍利斯表示，将希尼的12部诗集通读下来，能“清晰感受到主题与创作时期的流转变化”。他的前四部诗集围绕“土地与沼泽的隐喻”展开统一创作，借这一意象书写爱尔兰的历史与北爱尔兰问题；随后的“中期创作”聚焦家庭生活与为人父的体验；晚年时期的作品则“将目光投向更广阔的世界”，题材涉及 “9・11”事件和伦敦“7・7”爆炸案等国际议题。)”可知，希尼的诗作主题涵盖爱尔兰历史、家庭生活、国际事件等多个维度，体现其对社会深刻的洞察力与热情。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Putting together the collection, Hollis was struck by ‘quite how hardworking Seamus Heaney was’. When writers reach a reputation so ‘internationally profound’, there can be ‘an assumption that somehow it’s easy for them, or that they simply have a supreme gift that the rest of us don’t have.’ But Heaney’s many drafts make clear “how many avenues he would turn up and then turn back having not reached the right place, said Hollis. He had a busy life as a lecturer and father, and “quite a number’ of drafts are time-stamped “three o’clock in the morning”. Some poems would take years to arrive in their final form. (在整理诗集的过程中，霍利斯深深折服于“谢默斯・希尼超乎常人的勤奋”。当一位作家的声望达到“享誉国际的高度”时，人们可能会“想当然地认为创作对他们而言轻而易举，或是觉得他们天生拥有旁人难以企及的天赋”。但霍利斯指出，希尼留下的大量草稿表明，‘____________。’身为讲师与父亲，希尼的生活十分忙碌，不少草稿的时间标注着“凌晨三点”。有些诗作历经数年打磨才最终定稿。)”可知，上下文提及希尼的超乎常人的勤奋、大量草稿、凌晨三点还在创作、部分诗作耗时数年定稿等细节，可推测，“how many avenues he would turn up and then turn back having not reached the right place”的意思是他花了大量时间打磨他的作品。故选C。 B 【来源】上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 You might have seen spies in movies, dressed in cool outfits and using high-tech gadgets, but did you know that spying has been around for thousands of years? Check out this timeline to learn about spies from different periods in history. 1. ca. (大约) 3100 B．C． -332 B．C． Ancient Egyptian spies were some of the first to use poison to get the job done. To silence their enemies, they used killer methods which included poisons from plants and snakes. 2. ca. 1185-1600 The Japanese used spies called ninjas. These ninjas were experts in gathering secret information from enemies and competitors. They were trained since childhood in sneaking around and assassinating, but female ninjas would sneak into enemy locations by dressing up as dancers or servants. 3. ca. 1325-1521 Aztec spies, called quimichtin, lived in what’s now central Mexico. They were nicknamed “mice” because they worked at night to hide while spying. Their job was really dangerous, because if they got caught, they could be enslaved or even killed. That’s why they were paid more than most Aztec workers. 4. 1573 to 1590 Sir Francis Walsingham helped protect Queen Elizabeth I of England by creating a network of spies. They were skilled at reading coded letters and secretly opening and resealing envelopes containing information. 5. 1775-1783 Before he became president of what would soon become the United States, George Washington had a group of spies called the Culper Spy Ring during the Revolutionary War. One of its members, Anna Strong, sent coded messages through her laundry. She hung clothes according to color and number to tell soldiers where secret messages were hidden. For example, a black dress and two handkerchiefs might have meant “check the second closest river.” 6. 1861-1865 Harriet Tubman is famous for helping enslaved people in the United States escape North, where slavery was illegal. But she was also a spy during the Civil War. She made maps of the land so northern troops could safely travel through Southern states. 7. 1960s During the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union (now Russia), spy activities on both sides increased. To help, intelligence agencies developed sneaky gadgets for spies to eavesdrop and collect information. One popular device was the buttonhole camera, which could be controlled from inside a coat pocket. It allowed spies to secretly take a photo by opening a fake button on the coat. 8. 1916 During World War I, there was a Dutch dancer called Mata Hari. She accepted an assignment to spy for France in 1916 but actually worked for their enemy, Germany. She was found guilty of telling the Germans secrets about a new weapon that the French were using—the tank— and was put to death in 1917. 9. 2025 Today, spies don’t even need to leave their homes to collect secret information. They use computer programs called spyware from anywhere in the world to track activity and access top-secret information on faraway devices such as computers, tablets and smartphones. Many companies consider cyber espionage to be their number-one threat. 5．Aztec spies were nicknamed “mice” due to their ________. A．small and quick movements B．nighttime activities for spying C．expertise in hiding in dark places D．use of underground spaces for secret operations 6．Which of the following spies used secret codes to send messages to fellow spies? A．Mata Hari B．Harriet Tubman C．Sir Francis Walsingham D．Anna Strong 7．What can we know about spies throughout history? A．Spying has been around for a thousand years. B．Modern spies depend heavily on cool tools and outfits for the operations. C．Different cultures had their own spies with unique methods. D．The ways of spying have remained unchanged throughout history. 【答案】5．B 6．D 7．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，以时间线形式介绍了不同历史时期的间谍活动。 5．细节理解题。文章第3条提到“They were nicknamed ‘mice’ because they worked at night to hide while spying. (他们被起绰号‘老鼠’，是因为他们在夜间开展间谍活动时会隐蔽起来)”可知，阿兹特克间谍被称为“老鼠”是因为他们的夜间间谍活动。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。文章第5条提到“One of its members, Anna Strong, sent coded messages through her laundry. She hung clothes according to color and number to tell soldiers where secret messages were hidden. (其中一名成员Anna Strong通过洗衣物传递加密信息：她按颜色和数量悬挂衣物，告知士兵秘密信息的藏匿位置)”可知，Anna Strong用密码向其他间谍传递信息。故选D项。 7．推理判断题。原文列举了不同文化的间谍及方法：Ancient Egyptian“they used killer methods which included poisons from plants and snakes.(他们会使用致命手段，其中就包括提取自植物与蛇类的毒药)”；The Japanese“They were trained since childhood in sneaking around and assassinating, but female ninjas would sneak into enemy locations by dressing up as dancers or servants. (他们从小就接受潜行与暗杀的训练，而女忍者则会乔装成舞者或仆人的模样潜入敌方据点)”；Aztec“they worked at night to hide while spying (他们夜间隐蔽开展间谍活动)”可见不同文化有独特的间谍手段。故选C项。 C 【来源】上海市徐汇区上海中学2025-2026学年高三上学期练习一英语试题 Daydreaming, or mind-wandering, is generally seen by teachers as an undesirable activity. And yet, on average, we daydream nearly 47% of our waking hours. If our brain spends nearly half of our awake time doing it, there is probably a good reason why. Research shows that there are three types of daydreaming. The first is “guilty dysphoric” daydreaming, when we either keep thinking about a negative past experience or imagine the worst possible outcomes for the future. Then there is “poor attentional control,” where a person struggles to focus on a particular thought or task. These two kinds of daydreaming don’t have identifiable benefits. But the third type, “positive constructive daydreaming (PCD),” where we cast our mind forward and imagine future possibilities in a creative, positive way, can be quite beneficial. Helpful for planning and creativity, PCD is the bridge that links our internal observations with the forecasting required for future exploration. Inner reflection, not external drivers, is believed to empower humanity to direct their own lives and lead themselves. Inner reflection arises from consciousness, which is considered inseparable from thinking and represents an integral awareness of the working of our own mind. Open observation of our internal consciousness paved the way for curious exploration of our external world. The part of our brain most often associated with daydreaming is called the “default mode network” (DMN). The term “default mode” refers to the part of our brain associated with our resting state and is responsible for our ability to reflect on our own consciousness and internal narrative. The DMN is a system active during reflective activities like daydreaming, and quiet when focused mental effort is required. The DMN also connects many brain regions, impacting a host of other activity patterns. But more interesting and somewhat mysterious, the DMN is responsible for much of our abstract conceptual thought — the reflective, self-aware kind that separates us from animals — and it recalls and constructs social contexts to help us make meaning of our life. While the DMN can become disturbed during mental decline, PCD can actually thicken the cerebral cortex, or what’s known as our brain’s gray matter, the thinning of which is associated with the mental decline of aging. Though this link isn’t fully understood yet, we know that a well-functioning DMN — where we cast our mind’s eye forward in time or reflect on our past experience (as in PCD) — plays a central role in our healthy mental functioning, in areas like memory strengthening, planning, and self-control. Despite the benefits, we are conditioning daydreaming out of our kids — and in turn, out of our adult lives as well. Most schools place such a strong emphasis on an assumption of high attentional demand that they’ve failed to balance the potential benefit of PCD’s “constructive internal reflection”. Rather than criticizing daydreaming, we should protect it, cultivate it, and honor it. People who daydream are more reflective, have a deeper sense of sympathy, and show more moral decision-making. And ultimately, children who are more reflective, sympathetic, and moral grow up to be the adults who build a more just society. 8．Why is daydreaming generally seen as an undesirable activity by teachers? A．Because children spend too much time daydreaming. B．Because just one type of daydreaming brings benefits. C．Because schools like kids with good attentional control. D．Because few children are capable of engaging in PCD． 9．Which of the following is a benefit of daydreaming? A．Showing inner reflection on our mindset and creativity. B．Promoting curiosity about exploring the external world. C．Providing direct empowerment for future possibilities. D．Encouraging reflection and sympathy at a social level. 10．What are the characteristics of DMN? ①Active during daydreaming and reflection. ②Examining mental health with abstract thought. ③Connecting brain regions and aiding thinking. ④Countering age-related changes in the brain. ⑤Supporting self-awareness and imagination. ⑥Systematically analyzing relevant social contexts. ⑦Taking a back seat when attention is needed. A．①③⑤⑦ B．①②④⑤ C．①③④⑥ D．①②⑥⑦ 11．Which can be the best title of the passage? A．Daydreaming: Teachers’ Poison, Kids’ Meat B．Why Daydreaming is So Good for You C．Develop Daydreaming Constructively D．Build a Just Society with Daydreaming 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了白日梦的益处及其对大脑和心理健康的重要性。 8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The first is “guilty dysphoric” daydreaming, when we either keep thinking about a negative past experience or imagine the worst possible outcomes for the future. Then there is “poor attentional control,” where a person struggles to focus on a particular thought or task. These two kinds of daydreaming don’t have identifiable benefits.(第一种是“愧疚抑郁型”白日梦，表现为我们反复回想过去的负面经历，或是设想未来可能发生的最坏结果。第二种是“注意力控制薄弱型” 白日梦，指人们难以将注意力集中在某个特定的想法或任务上。这两种白日梦没有明显可辨识的益处)”、第六段中“Most schools place such a strong emphasis on an assumption of high attentional demand that they’ve failed to balance the potential benefit of PCD’s “constructive internal reflection”.(大多数学校过分强调高度专注的预设要求，却未能兼顾积极建构型白日梦所具备的“建设性内在反思”的潜在价值)”可知，老师认为白日梦是不好的活动，是因为学校喜欢注意力控制好的孩子，而注意力控制差的白日梦没有明显的好处。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inner reflection, not external drivers, is believed to empower humanity to direct their own lives and lead themselves. Inner reflection arises from consciousness, which is considered inseparable from thinking and represents an integral awareness of the working of our own mind. Open observation of our internal consciousness paved the way for curious exploration of our external world.(人们认为，是内在反思而非外部驱动力，赋予了人类指引自己生活、自我领导的能力。内在反思源于意识，意识与思考密不可分，代表了对自身思维运作的完整觉察。对内心意识的开放观察，为好奇地探索外部世界铺平了道路)”可知，白日梦的好处是促进对探索外部世界的好奇心。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The DMN is a system active during reflective activities like daydreaming, and quiet when focused mental effort is required.(默认模式网络是一个在反思活动（如白日梦）中活跃的系统，在需要集中精神努力时则保持安静)”可知，①“在白日梦和反思期间活跃”和⑦“在需要注意力时退居次要地位”是默认模式网络的特点；根据第四段中“The DMN also connects many brain regions, impacting a host of other  activity patterns.(默认模式网络还连接许多大脑区域，影响许多其他活动模式)”可知，③“连接大脑区域并帮助思考”是默认模式网络的特点；根据第四段中“But more interesting and somewhat mysterious, the DMN is responsible for much of our abstract conceptual thought — the reflective, self-aware kind  that separates us from animals — and it recalls and constructs social  contexts to help us make meaning of our life.(但更有趣、也有点神秘的是，默认模式网络负责我们大部分的抽象概念思维——这种反思性的、自我意识的思维将我们与动物区分开来——它回忆并构建社会背景，帮助我们理解生活的意义)”可知，⑤“支持自我意识和想象力”是默认模式网络的特点。故选A。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Daydreaming, or mind-wandering, is generally seen by teachers as an undesirable activity. And yet, on average, we daydream nearly 47% of  our waking hours. If our brain spends nearly half of our awake time doing it, there is probably a good reason why.(白日梦，或者说走神，通常被老师视为一种不受欢迎的活动。然而，平均而言，我们在清醒的时候有近47%的时间在做白日梦。如果我们的大脑在清醒的时候有近一半的时间在做这件事，那可能有一个很好的理由)”可知，文章主要讲述了白日梦的益处及其对大脑和心理健康的重要性，可知，B选项“Why Daydreaming is So Good for You(为什么白日梦对你有好处)”最符合文章标题。故选B。 Section B Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 【来源】上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 “Be present.” This is the slogan of mindfulness meditation and a supposed key to self-awareness and acceptance. Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. Earlier this year, a synthesis of randomized controlled trials revealed that mindfulness-based interventions had small to moderate benefits for a number of health outcomes, including stress, anxiety and depression. 12 . That is, as we develop skills in complex tasks, we can perform them with increasing facility until attention seems to be unnecessary. Everyday examples range from riding a bike to chopping cucumbers-to brushing your teeth. Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. 13 . We don’t perform all tasks automatically, but many can be performed this way once they are well practised. To be clear, paying attention is important when learning a new skill. But research has also revealed that paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure”: 14 . In a classic study, cognitive scientist Sian Beilock and her colleagues had skilled golfers attempt to sink putts (推球入洞) under different experimental conditions. In one scheme, the golfers were simply instructed to pay attention to the swing of their club and say “stop” when they finished their swing. In another condition, they were directed to listen for a target sound while ignoring other noises and say the word “tone” when they heard the target sound. Surprisingly, the skilled golfers performed considerably worse when they focused on their swing than when they paid attention to irrelevant sounds. Nevertheless, the important message from this research is that focusing too carefully on the execution of well-practiced motor sequences can cause mistakes. 15 . But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. The next time you ride a bike or join in a sport, don’t overthink it. A．In any type of mindfulness exercise, the goal is to perform routine activities with a heightened sense of attention. B．Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. C．They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. D．Automaticity can be disrupted by explicit attention when the devotion of conscious attention to the pattern alters the content or timing of that pattern itself. E．Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment. F．These processes run off without conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events. 【答案】12．B 13．F 14．C 15．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，围绕“正念”与“无意识自动化行为”的关系展开，分析了二者在不同场景下的作用。 12．根据前文“Mindfulness may have psychological benefits. (正念可能有心理益处)”可知，空处需承接“正念的益处”并引出后文。选项B“Although mindfulness has its advantages, psychological research has also revealed that in some circumstances it’s important to be mindless. (尽管正念有其优势，但心理学研究也表明，在某些情况下，无心也很重要)”既承接前文，又引出后文，符合语境。故选B项。 13．根据前文“Forming this state of “automaticity” are mental processes that can be executed without paying attention to them. (这种‘自动化’状态，指的是无需刻意留意就能完成的心理过程)”可知，空处需进一步解释这一心理过程。选项F“These processes run off without conscious awareness — a chain reaction of mental events. (这些过程在无意识下进行——是心理活动的连锁反应)”中“These processes”指代前文的“mental processes”，且解释了“无需注意力”的特点，符合语境。故选F项。 14．根据前文“paying too much attention to what you’re doing can have damaging effects, particularly when you perform well-practised skills. In fact, this is one reason why some experts appear to “choke under pressure” (过度关注自己正在做的事会产生负面影响，尤其是在你执行熟练掌握的技能时。事实上，这正是一些专家会‘在压力下发挥失常’的原因之一)”可知，空处需说明“压力下失常”的具体原因。选项C“They think too much about the mechanics of the task at hand. (他们对当下任务的操作细节想得太多)”对应“过度关注”的表现，符合语境。故选C项。 15．根据后文“But there are situations where we should let automaticity take over. (但有些情况我们应该让自动化接管)”的转折逻辑可知，空处需体现“不能完全依赖自动化”。选项E“Of course, we should not resign to go through life on autopilot, missing opportunities to make deeper connections with ourselves, one another and our environment.(当然，我们不应听任生活进入‘自动驾驶’模式，从而错失与自我、他人及周遭环境建立更深联结的机会)”体现了这一态度，与后文转折一致，符合语境。故选E项。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $