内容正文:
人教英语七上Unit 1 You and Me重点知识讲解
一、重点单词讲解
1. full [fʊl] adj. 完整的;满的
常见用法
表示“完整的”:This is my full name, Lily Green.(这是我的全名,莉莉·格林。)
表示“满的”:The bus is full of people.(公交车上挤满了人。)
表示“饱的”:I’m full. I can’t eat another bite.(我吃饱了,一口也吃不下了。)
固定搭配
(be) full of = (be) filled with:The box is full of toys.(盒子里装满了玩具。)
反义词:empty(空的)、hungry(饿的)
2. mistake [mɪˈsteɪk] n. 错误;失误;v. 弄错;误解
常见用法
作名词:You made a mistake in your math homework.(你的数学作业里有一个错误。)
作动词:I mistook her for her sister.(我把她错当成了她的姐姐。)
固定搭配
make a mistake:Don’t be afraid to make a mistake when speaking English.(说英语时别怕犯错。)
by mistake:I took your umbrella by mistake.(我错拿了你的雨伞。)
mistake A for B:People often mistake this plant for a weed.(人们常把这种植物错当成杂草。)
3. same [seɪm] adj. 相同的
常见用法
前面通常加定冠词 the:We are in the same class.(我们在同一个班。)
固定搭配
the same as:My pen is the same as yours.(我的钢笔和你的一样。)
反义词:different(不同的)
be different from:His hobby is different from mine.(他的爱好和我的不一样。)
4. both [bəʊθ] adj. & pron. 两个;两个都
常见用法
作代词:Both of them like playing basketball.(他们俩都喜欢打篮球。)
作形容词:Both answers are correct.(两个答案都是对的。)
固定搭配
both...and...:Both my father and my mother are doctors.(我爸爸和妈妈都是医生。)
易混辨析
易混词
含义
both
(两者)都
either
(两者中的)任何一个
neither
两者都不
all
(三者或三者以上)都
none
(三者或三者以上)都不
5. even [ˈiːvn] adv. 甚至;连;愈加
常见用法
加强语气,置于系动词/助动词/情态动词之后,实义动词之前:She can even speak French.(她甚至会说法语。)
修饰形容词/副词比较级:It’s cold today, and it will be even colder tomorrow.(今天很冷,明天会更冷。)
6. speak [spiːk] v. 说(某种语言);说话
常见用法
后接语言:He can speak Japanese very well.(他日语说得很好。)
表示“发言”:She will speak at the meeting tomorrow.(她明天会在会议上发言。)
易混辨析
易混词
用法
搭配
say
强调“说”的内容
say sth in English
tell
强调“告诉;讲”
tell sb sth / tell a story
talk
强调“交谈”
talk with sb / talk about sth
speak
强调“讲(语言);发言”
speak English / speak at the meeting
7. information [ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn] n. 信息;消息
常见用法
不可数名词,“一则信息”用 a piece of information:I need a piece of information about the museum.(我需要一条关于博物馆的信息。)
易混辨析
易混词
用法
information
泛指信息,不可数
news
指新闻、消息,不可数
message
指口信、消息,可数
8. hobby [ˈhɒbi] n. 业余爱好
常见用法
可数名词,复数形式为 hobbies:My hobbies are reading and painting.(我的爱好是阅读和画画。)
询问爱好:What’s your hobby?(你的爱好是什么?)
9. country [ˈkʌntri] n. 国家;乡村
常见用法
表示“国家”:China is a great country.(中国是一个伟大的国家。)
表示“乡村”:She lives in the country.(她住在乡下。)
二、重点短语讲解
1. make friends 交朋友
I want to make friends with the new student.(我想和新同学交朋友。)
2. get to know 认识;了解
It takes time to get to know a new place.(了解一个新地方需要时间。)
3. full name 全名
His full name is Robert Smith.(他的全名是罗伯特·史密斯。)
4. last name 姓氏
Her last name is Wang.(她姓王。)
5. first name 名字
His first name is Jack.(他叫杰克。)
6. play the guitar 弹吉他
He learns to play the guitar after school.(他放学后学弹吉他。)
7. would (’d) like to 表示愿意、喜欢
I’d like to visit the Great Wall this weekend.(这个周末我想去参观长城。)
三、重点句式讲解
1. “This is...” 句型
用法:用于介绍某人或打电话时表明身份。
This is my cousin, Tom.(这是我的表弟汤姆。)
Hello, this is Lisa speaking.(你好,我是莉萨。)
拓展:介绍多个人时用 These are...
These are my parents.(这是我的父母。)
2. “Would you like...?” 句型
用法:表示客气的请求、邀请或询问。
询问物品:—Would you like some juice? —Yes, please.(—你想要些果汁吗?—好的,谢谢。)
邀请做某事:—Would you like to go to the cinema with me? —I’d love to, but I have to finish my homework.(—你想和我一起去看电影吗?—我想去,但我得完成作业。)
想要某人做某事:I’d like you to help me with my English.(我想让你帮我学英语。)
四、语法讲解
1. be动词的用法
形式:am, is, are
用法口诀:我用am,你用are,is用于他、她、它;单数名词用is,复数名词都用are。
I am 13 years old.(我13岁。)
You are my best friend.(你是我最好的朋友。)
He is a teacher.(他是一名老师。)
They are from Canada.(他们来自加拿大。)
否定句:在be动词后加 not
She is not from the UK.(她不是来自英国。)
一般疑问句:将be动词提前
—Are you from Australia? —Yes, I am.(—你来自澳大利亚吗?—是的。)
缩略形式:
I’m = I am; he’s = he is; she’s = she is
it’s = it is; we’re = we are; they’re = they are
isn’t = is not; aren’t = are not
2. 人称代词和物主代词
人称
人称代词主格
人称代词宾格
形容词性物主代词
第一人称单数
I
me
my
第一人称复数
we
us
our
第二人称单/复数
you
you
your
第三人称单数(男)
he
him
his
第三人称单数(女)
she
her
her
第三人称单数(物)
it
it
its
第三人称复数
they
them
their
人称代词:主格作主语,宾格作宾语
I like him.(我喜欢他。)
She helps me with my homework.(她帮我做作业。)
物主代词:形容词性物主代词修饰名词,不能单独使用
This is my book.(这是我的书。)
Their classroom is big.(他们的教室很大。)
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