Unit 3 Festivals and customs Reading Alex around the world 阅读板块深度解读与能力提升训练-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版必修第二册

阅读板块深度解读与能力提升训练（译林版）必修二 Unit 3 Festivals and customs Alex around the world —————————————— ◄文本解读► ————————————— 一、文本定位与课标要求对照 课标要求 具体要求 本文体现与分析 主题语境 人与社会（社会服务与人际沟通；文学、艺术与体育） 文本聚焦跨文化体验，属于“人与社会”范畴。第一 篇日记记录了印度的婚礼习俗，第二篇描述了巴西 的狂欢节庆祝活动，直接关联“不同民族文化习俗与 传统节日”的主题。 语篇类型 记叙文（旅行日志、个人叙述） 本文是典型的旅行日志，以第一人称“I”叙述，按时 间顺序（1月10日、2月26日）记录了作者在两个 国家的亲身经历与感受，属于个人叙事性记叙文。 语言技能 理解性技能：获取、概括事件信息；推断作者情感态度；分析语篇结构。 文本信息具体生动，结构清晰（按日期分篇，每篇 按时空顺序展开），非常适合练习信息定位、细节 概括，并通过感官与情感描写推断作者态度。 学习策略 借助图表梳理事件顺序、文化对比；联系个人经验理解文化差异。 两篇日记内容独立，非常适合用时间线或对比表格 梳理不同文化活动的流程、特点及作者反应，有助 于信息可视化与跨文化比较。 文化意识 了解中外文化习俗，增强跨文化沟通能力；理解和尊重文化多样性。 1. 文化展示：细致描绘了印度婚礼的传统仪式（骑 白马、绕火、七步誓约）和巴西狂欢节的街头狂欢 （桑巴、服饰、游行）。 2. 价值引领：作者在体验差异时，强调情感共通 （“the smiling faces are the same”），体现了文化尊 重、包容与共情，是跨文化理解的典范。 思维品质 辨识、分析、比较文化现象；基于文本依据推断深层含义。 1. 比较与对比：自然引发学生对印度、巴西及本国 相关习俗的异同进行思考。 2. 推断与评价：引导学生透过作者的具体描述(如 “eye-catching”, “explosion of bright colours”, “caught up in the party fever”），推断其惊奇、陶醉的情感态 度，并评价其开放的文化体验心态。 二、作者写作目的与文本功能分析 1. 核心目的：记录与分享跨文化见闻 个人记录：作为旅行日志，首要目的是记录个人在特定时间、地点的独特经历与内心感受，如“the opportunity of a lifetime”、“What an amazing first day”。 对外分享：通过生动细节（色彩、声音、动作、气味）和情感反应，向读者“再现”现场，实现知识性与趣味性的分享，带领读者“神游”世界。 2. 教育目的：普及文化知识，促进理解 以亲历者视角，直观介绍非大众熟知的文化习俗（如印度婚礼的“seven steps”、狂欢节的“samba beat”），软化知识壁垒，让文化学习变得真实可感。 在描述差异时，主动建立情感连接（“It reminded me of my sister’s wedding”），潜移默化地培养文化同理心，而非猎奇。 3. 情感与态度培养目的： 激发探索兴趣：通过对异域文化“奇观性”一面的正面渲染（浪漫、热闹），激发读者对世界的好奇心与探索欲。 示范开放态度：作者全程表现出积极参与（“took my place”）、全然沉浸（“so caught up...”）和积极反思，为读者树立了尊重、接纳和享受文化差异的榜样。 三、旅行日志的文体与结构特征分析 本文是经典的双篇式旅行日志，每篇结构高度统一，遵循“背景引入 → 核心事件顺序叙述 → 个人感受总结”的叙事逻辑。 Alex around the world 旅行日志结构分析图 结构部分 第一篇：印度婚礼 (10 January) 第二篇：巴西狂欢节 (26 February) 共同的文体特点分析 1. 标题与背景 时间、地点、事件： 1月10日，印度，受邀参加朋友姐姐的婚礼。 情感基调：“opportunity of a lifetime”（千载难逢），满怀期待。 时间、地点、事件：2月26日，巴西里约热内卢，参与狂欢节。 氛围初感：“The Carnival was in the air”（狂欢节气氛无处不在），通过天气（summer heat）和当地人行为（take a week off）营造强烈氛围。 格式统一：采用标准旅行日志格式，以日期和地点作为标题，开篇点明事件。 第一人称视角： 以“I”的视角展开，建立个人化、亲历性的叙述。 2. 主体：核心叙事 结构：按观察顺序展开。 -场景总览：酒店房间、众多宾客、新娘的“red silk sari”。 -聚焦仪式（细节描写）： 1. 新郎骑白马入场（“I had never seen that back home!”）。 2. 父亲引女儿至新郎。 3. 绕火仪式与“七步誓言”。 -个人联想：由仪式联想到姐姐的婚礼，引出“smiling faces are the same”的文化共鸣。 结构：按体验顺序展开。 -事件开端：加入人群，等待开始（描述舞者、乐队、旗帜）。 -高潮进行（多感官描写）： -视觉：“explosion of bright colours”。 -听觉：“energetic samba beat”, “cheer, clap and sing”。 -动感：“twisted and turned”, “marching down”。 -嗅觉/味觉：“smell of roasted meat”, “soft drinks and beer”。 -时间流逝：“five hours fly by” 体现深度沉浸感。 时空顺序：主体均严格按时间顺序与空间转换叙述，逻辑清晰。 细节为王：运用大量生动、具体的细节描写，尤其是第二篇的多感官描写，营造极强的现场感与沉浸感。 文化聚焦：主体内容均围绕独特的文化核心（婚礼仪式/狂欢节游行）展开深入描述。 3. 结尾：感受总结 内容：预告后续庆祝活动（“a story for another day”）。 特色：以幽默自嘲作结——“I have two left feet ... both hurt”，生动传达参与感与快乐。 内容：直接表达整体感受——“What an amazing first day!”。 特色：用通感手法结尾——“bright colours and lively music were still swimming”，强调经历的持久震撼。 情感升华：结尾均回归个人感受与评价，完成从“记录”到“感悟”的升华。 语言生动：运用幽默（第一篇）和诗意比喻（第二篇），增强可读性与感染力。 4. 写作目的 记录与分享独特文化体验；在差异中寻找人类情感的普遍性（文化理解与共情）。 记录与分享盛大节日的激情与氛围；传达全身心沉浸的旅行体验。 核心目的：作为旅行日志，旨在个人记录与对外生动分享跨文化见闻。 教育意义：普及文化知识，潜移默化地培养读者的文化敏感性与跨文化理解能力。 以上表格图表清晰地展示了两篇旅行日志平行对照的结构。它们共享旅行日志的标准格式和第一人称叙事，但在主体部分，第一篇侧重于对特定文化仪式的静态观察与内心反思，第二篇则侧重于对动态狂欢场景的多感官沉浸式体验。两者共同体现了该文体以个人视角为线索、以细节描写为血肉、以文化体验为核心、以情感共鸣为归宿的典型特征。 文体与语言特点详析： 1. 第一人称与过去时态：全文以“I”为视角，使用一般过去时，忠实于旅行日志亲历性、回顾性的本质。 2. 生动具体的细节描写：这是本文最突出的语言特点，旨在营造沉浸感。 视觉：“brightly decorated”, “eye-catching red silk sari”, “explosion of bright colours”, “fancy costumes”。 听觉：“lively music”, “energetic samba beat”, “cheer, clap and sing”。 动感：“twisted and turned”, “marching down”, “dancing all the way”。 嗅觉与味觉：“smell of roasted meat”, “Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer”。 3. 情感词汇的直接注入：作者不吝于直接表达感受，如“definitely not wrong”, “deep impression”, “very romantic”, “amazing”，增强了文本的感染力。 4. 衔接与连贯： 时间顺序连接词：“When...”, “Then...”, “After the ceremony...”, “as soon as...”, “Then...”，清晰勾勒事件流程。 对比与转折：“Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same.” 深化主题。 幽默修辞：“I have two left feet ... and both of them hurt!” 用自嘲生动传达参与跳舞的笨拙与尽兴，体现日志的个人风格。 四、教学应用建议（结合课标） 1. 语篇分析任务： 结构梳理：让学生绘制如上图所示的双时间线或流程图，分别梳理两篇日记的事件发展顺序。 细节挖掘：引导学生找出文中所有运用五感描写的句子，并分析其效果。 文化对比表：制作表格，对比印度婚礼与巴西狂欢节在目的、氛围、核心活动、作者感受等方面的异同。 2. 语言聚焦活动：描写性词汇分类：将文中丰富的形容词、动词按感官进行分类，学习如何具体描写场景。 日记体仿写：以“A Cultural Event I Experienced”为题，模仿本文结构（背景-细节-感受）和描写方法，写一篇短日志。 3. 主题拓展与探究： 跨文化讨论：围绕作者观点“笑容是相同的”，探讨文化差异性与人类情感的共通性。 批判性思维：讨论旅行日志与官方旅游指南在介绍文化时的视角差异、各自优点与可能的局限性。 项目式学习：小组选择一个国家或节日，研究其一项重要习俗，并模拟撰写一篇包含细节描写和个人假想感受的旅行日志进行展示。 4. 输出任务设计： 角色扮演采访：一人扮演Alex，一人扮演记者，就其中一次经历进行“采访”，深化对文本细节和人物情感的理解。 视频配音/字幕制作：为一段无声的印度婚礼或巴西狂欢节视频片段，根据课文所学和额外研究，配上有文化解说的旁白或字幕。 五、总结 这两篇旅行日志是契合课标要求的优秀教学语篇。它们不仅是语言学习的材料，更是一扇通往多元文化的窗口。文本在结构上清晰典范，利于学生学习叙事框架；在语言上生动细腻，是描写性词汇和句式的绝佳范例；在内容上蕴含深意，于有趣的见闻中自然渗透了文化尊重与理解的价值观。通过深度解读，教师可以引导学生从“读故事”上升到“学方法”、“品文化”、“悟态度”，有效提升其语言综合能力、跨文化认知和思维品质。 ———————————— ◄课文复述与理解► ———————————— 仔细阅读课文Alex around the world，选出正确答案。 1. What was the bride wearing at the Indian wedding? A. A white wedding dress. B. A fancy carnival costume. C. An eye-catching red sari. D. A formal colorful suit. 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。题干关键词“bride wearing”和“Indian wedding”定位至第一篇日记第二段。原文明确描述：“the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.” C项是原文信息的直接复现。A项是西方常见婚纱，与印度传统不符；B项“狂欢节服饰”是巴西篇内容；D项“彩色正装”是宾客的着装，并非新娘装扮。 2. How did Alex feel after the street party in Rio? A. Tired and regretted joining. B. Amazed and deeply impressed. C. Confused about local customs. D. Anxious to leave the crowd. 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。题干关键词“feel after the street party”指向第二篇日记的结尾。作者总结道：“What an amazing first day in Rio!”，且前文描述“so caught up in the party fever”以及当晚回忆时“bright colours and lively music were still swimming”，均体现了其惊叹与深刻印象。B项概括准确。A项“后悔”、C项“困惑”和D项“焦虑”均与原文表达的沉浸、愉悦的情感基调完全相反。 3. Why does Alex mention his sister’s wedding in the Indian diary? A. To show he prefers Western style. B. To highlight a cultural difference. C. To point out a universal emotion. D. To complain about travel tiredness. 【答案】C 【解析】判断推理题。题干引用的句子位于第一篇日记第三段末：“It reminded me of my sister's wedding. Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same.” 作者在观察到送新娘的仪式后产生联想，并直接点明“笑容相同”，其意图在于超越文化差异，强调人类在婚礼中的喜悦情感是共通的。C项准确推断出其强调普遍情感的写作意图。A项“偏好”和D项“抱怨旅行的疲惫”无依据；B项“突出差异”与“the same”所强调的共通点相悖。 4. What can be inferred about the Rio Carnival from the passage? A. It is a quiet and religious event. B. It is disliked by local people. C. It lasts for only a few hours. D. It fully engages multiple senses. 【答案】D 【解析】判断推理题。本题考查对巴西狂欢节整体特点的推断。第二篇日记中，作者使用了大量多感官描写：视觉（bright colours, costumes）、听觉（music, beat, cheer）、动觉（dancing, marching）甚至嗅觉（smell of roasted meat）。这种全方位描述可推断出狂欢节是一种充分调动参与着多重感官的盛大活动。D项推断合理。A项“安静”与文中 lively, energetic 的描述矛盾；B项，文中提到“people from Rio take a week off for this”，说明当地人是喜爱并参与的; C项，作者提到“five hours fly by”，暗示时间长，而非仅几小时。 5. What is the main function of the detailed descriptions in both diaries? A. To make the experiences vivid and real. B. To argue for a political viewpoint. C. To list historical facts accurately. D. To criticize traditional customs. 【答案】A 【解析】分析概括题。两篇日记的核心特点是运用大量细节进行场景再现（如服饰、颜色、动作、声音）。作为旅行日志，其首要目的是分享个人体验，而生动细致的描述正是为了让读者能够身临其境，在脑海中形成鲜活真实（vivid and real）的画面和印象。A项准确概括了这些描写的核心功能。B项“论证政治观点”和D项“批评习俗”均与作者中立、欣赏的叙述态度不符；C项“列举史实”过于学术，非日志目的。 6. What do the two diary entries mainly talk about? A. The challenges of international travel. B. Personal experiences in foreign cultures. C. Economic differences between countries. D. Historical origins of world festivals. 【答案】B 【解析】主旨大意题。需综合两篇日记判断。两篇均以第一人称“I”叙述，核心内容是作者亲身参与印度婚礼和巴西狂欢节的所见所闻所感，属于典型的个人跨文化体验记录。B项概括全面准确。A项“旅行挑战”非主要内容；C项“经济差异”和D项“节日历史起源”均未涉及。 7. How is the information organized in each diary entry? A. In order of importance. B. By comparing two cultures. C. By following time sequence. D. By asking and answering questions. 【答案】C 【解析】文章结构题。本题考查旅行日志常见的叙事结构。两篇日记均以日期开头，然后按照事件发生的自然时间顺序展开：从抵达/开始，到过程描述，再到结束和感受。这是记叙文体的典型特征。C项准确。A项“按重要性”常用于议论文；B项“比较文化”是两篇日记之间的潜在关系，而非单篇内部结构；D项“问答”结构不符合本文行文方式。 8. What does the phrase “the Carnival was in the air” mainly serve to do? A. Describe the weather literally. B. Explain the cause of pollution. C. Introduce the flight experience. D. Convey a feeling of atmosphere. 【答案】D 【解析】修辞手法题。“... was in the air”是一个英语习语，意为“弥漫在空气中”，常用来形容某种气氛、感觉或情绪非常浓厚。作者下飞机后用它来形容对狂欢节氛围的强烈感知，这是一种传达强烈氛围感（convey a feeling of atmosphere）的修辞手法。D项准确。A项按字面理解为“天气”错误；B项“污染”和C项“飞行体验”均属曲解。 9. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing these diaries? A. To keep a personal travel record. B. To teach language grammar points. C. To promote tour packages to readers. D. To conduct academic cultural research. 【答案】A 【解析】写作目的题。本题考查对旅行日志这一文体根本功能的把握。日记的本质是个人记录。文章使用第一人称、过去时态，聚焦个人观察与感受（如“I knew”, “I could feel”, “It reminded me”），其首要目的自然是记录旅途中的个人经历与情感。A项准确。B项“教语法”、C项“推广旅游产品”和D项“学术研究”均非个人日记的典型写作目的。 10. In the Indian wedding entry, Alex’s reaction to seeing the bridegroom on a horse shows ____. A. a severe cultural shock and rejection B. a mere recording of a strange fact C. an observation of an interesting difference D. a desire to change the local tradition 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查对文化差异反应的理解，涉及“文化休克”的轻微层面。原文描述是：“One was the bridegroom‘s entrance on a beautiful white horse. I had never seen that back home!” 作者表达了惊奇（从未见过），但语气是中性的观察和记录，并将其描述为“deep impression”和“not ordinary”，是一种发现有趣文化差异的好奇心态，并未上升到“休克”式的焦虑或“拒绝”。C项准确。A项“严重排斥”过度解读；B项“ merely recording”忽略了其积极评价（beautiful）；D项“改变传统”无依据。 11. Where is this passage most likely to be taken from? A. A formal anthropological report. B. A chapter of a geography textbook. C. A personal blog or travel journal. D. An official government guidebook 【答案】C 【解析】推理题。需根据文体风格、人称和内容推断来源。文章是第一人称、按日期分段的叙事，包含大量个人感受和生动细节，这正是个人博客或旅行日志的典型特征。C项推断合理。A项“人类学报告”和B项“地理教科书”风格会客观、学术，不会强调个人感受；D项“官方指南”会以提供实用信息为主，而非个人故事。 12. Alex’s statement “the smiling faces are the same” suggests that he believes ______. A. all weddings are identical in procedure B. appearance is the only thing that matters C. Indian weddings are superior to others D. human emotions can cross cultural borders 【答案】D 【解析】批判性思维题。本题考查对作者隐含价值观的深度理解。此句位于比较文化差异之后，是作者的反思性总结。它将表面的仪式差异与深层的人类情感进行对比，强调尽管文化表达形式（customs）不同，但内在的喜悦与幸福（smiling faces）是相通的。这体现了作者认为人类基本情感具有超越文化边界的普遍性。D项准确揭示了其背后的人文信念。A项“仪式相同”与事实相反；B项“外表唯一重要”和C项“优越性”均与作者本意相悖。 ————————————— ◄能力提升训练► ———————————— 阅读以下短文，选出正确答案。 July 26th, Yi Torch Festival, Chuxiong, Yunnan My friend Jiemei, a member of the Yi community, had been telling me about the Torch Festival for months. When I finally arrived in Chuxiong during the last week of July, I understood why her eyes sparkled with pride. The entire town was filled with an energy that felt both ancient and incredibly alive. The day began with thrilling traditional games. I watched powerful wrestlers test their strength and skilled riders race their horses across a dusty field, the crowd cheering wildly. But as the sun began to set, the focus shifted entirely to fire. A solemn ceremony honored the ancestors and the sacred element of fire, which the Yi people believe protects and purifies. True darkness brought the transformation. In the village square, a massive tower of wood was lit, flames leaping (跳、窜) into the night sky. Then, hundreds of people, dressed in breathtaking embroidered costumes, each holding a small, personal torch, emerged. Jiemei handed me one, its warm glow lighting up her smile. We joined a massive, ever-moving circle around the central bonfire. The sound of the yueqin and hulusheng (traditional instruments) started, and the “Left-Foot Dance” began—a joyful, rhythmic stomp (跺脚), kick, and turn. “Just follow the left foot!” Jiemei shouted over the music. I was clumsy, lost in the swirling (旋转的) crowd of dancers and firelight, but the sense of shared community was overwhelming. We danced for what felt like hours, the heat of the fire and the rhythm of the dance driving away all thoughts. That night, fire wasn’t just a symbol; it was a living, breathing heartbeat connecting everyone, including a wide-eyed visitor like me, to a tradition centuries old. (260 words) April 14th, Water-Splashing Festival, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan “Consider every drop a blessing!” My guide, Ailun, laughed as we stepped onto the lively, soaking-wet streets of Jinghong. I had read about the Dai Water-Splashing Festival, but nothing prepared me for the pure, watery joy that enveloped the city. The morning started peacefully with beautiful ceremonies. At the temple, people gently poured scented water over Buddha statues, a symbolic act of cleansing (净化). Later, by the mighty Lancang River, I watched the spectacular dragon boat races, the synchronized paddling (整齐划一的划桨声) and roaring crowds creating an electric atmosphere. Then, the mood shifted completely. By midday, the streets became a playground. Everyone—from little children to elegant grandmothers—was armed. Water buckets, squirt guns, even bowls became tools of happy “warfare.” The rule was simple: no one is spared. A chorus of screams and laughter filled the air. I received polite sprinkles (撒、洒) on my shoulders from elders—a sign of respect and good wishes. From everyone else, it was a friendly, full-on splash! My clothes were instantly wetted, but the tropical sun was warm, and the water felt refreshing. I soon abandoned all shyness, filling my own bucket and joining the fun, chasing Ailun and getting delightfully “attacked” by a group of teenagers. As evening fell, the water play slowly ceased. The smell of delicious grilled fish and sticky rice filled the air from night markets. Looking up, we saw dozens of glowing Kongming lanterns, like giant fireflies, floating into the purple sky, carrying hopes for the new year. Exhausted, dripping, (滴下) and completely happy, I realized this wasn’t just about getting wet. It was a physical, collective washing away of the old year’s troubles and a heartfelt, playful welcome to renewal, happiness, and countless new beginnings. (261 words) 1. What happened right after the massive wooden tower was lit in the village square? A. The traditional games like wrestling began. B. The solemn ceremony to honor ancestors started. C. People with small torches joined a circle dance. D. The crowd watched the spectacular horse racing. 【答案】C 【解析】本题为细节理解题。题干询问“在村广场的巨大木塔被点燃后，紧接着发生了什么？”根据原文第六段信息：“Then, hundreds of people, dressed in breathtaking embroidered costumes, each holding a small, personal torch, emerged... We joined a gigantic, ever-moving circle around the central bonfire.”可知，点燃主火把后，人们手持小火把出现并加入了围绕篝火的圆圈舞。C项准确描述了这一顺序。A、B、D项描述的活动均发生在日落前或白天，而非点燃主火把之后。 2. How did the author’s personal experience change during the Left-Foot Dance? A. From feeling confused and clumsy to feeling connected. B. From being a skilled dancer to leading the crowd. C. From observing quietly to criticizing the tradition. D. From feeling tired and bored to being energetic. 【答案】A 【解析】本题为分析概括题。题干询问“作者在跳左脚舞过程中的个人体验有何变化？”原文第三段描述了作者起初的笨拙（“I was clumsy”）和迷失（“lost in the swirling crowd”），但最终感受到“overwhelming”的“sense of shared community”以及与传统相连的感觉。A项概括了这一从困惑笨拙到感到连接的变化过程。B项“成为领舞者”、C项“批评传统”、D项“从无聊到精力充沛”均与原文描述不符。 3. What is the main theme of the first diary entry about the Torch Festival? A. The dangers and excitement of traditional horse races. B. The importance of winning in cultural competitions. C. The experience of ancient fire ceremonies and community unity. D. The process of making traditional Yi costumes. 【答案】C 【解析】本题为主旨大意题。题干询问第一篇日记关于火把节的主题是什么。全文围绕“火”这一核心元素展开，描述了祭火仪式、点燃火把、围绕火堆跳舞等活动，并最终点明火作为连接社区与传统的心跳。C项“古老的火焰仪式与社区团结的体验”全面概括了文章核心。 A、B、D项仅涉及文中提到的个别细节，不足以概括全文主旨。 4. According to the diary, what is the meaning behind the elders sprinkling water on the author's shoulders? A. It is an invitation to join a water fight. B. It is a sign of respect and good wishes. C. It is a warning to stay away from crowds. D. It is a traditional way to cool someone down. 【答案】B 【解析】本题为细节理解题。题干询问“根据日记，长辈往作者肩上洒水背后的含义是什么？”原文第五段明确提到：“I received polite sprinkles on my shoulders from elders—a sign of respect and good wishes.”因此B项为直接信息复现。A项是年轻人之间泼水的特点；C、D项在文中均未提及。 5. What can be inferred about the author’s overall feeling after the Water-Splashing Festival? A. Exhausted but deeply satisfied and happy. B. Regretful for participating in the messy event. C. Concerned about the waste of water. D. Impatient to leave the crowded city. 【答案】A 【解析】本题为判断推理题。题干询问“关于泼水节后作者的整体感受，可以推断出什么？”文章结尾明确写道：“Exhausted, dripping, and completely happy”，并总结这是一种洗去烦恼、迎接新生的体验。B项“疲惫但深感满足和快乐”准确概括了这一复合感受。B项“后悔”、C项“担心浪费水”、D项“急于离开”均与原文结尾表达的积极、愉悦的情绪相悖。 6. Why does the author mention the dragon boat races and Kongming lanterns? A. To suggest these activities are more fun than water splashing. B. To show the festival includes more than just water fights. C. To complain about the busy schedule of the festival day. D. To compare Dai traditions with those of other cultures. 【答案】B 【解析】本题为写作目的题。题干询问“作者为何提及赛龙舟和放孔明灯？”文章结构上，作者先描述了清晨平静的宗教仪式和赛龙舟，再描写中午狂热的泼水活动，最后以夜晚放天灯和夜市收尾。提及龙舟和天灯是为了展示泼水节是一个包含多种传统活动的综合性节日，而不仅仅是泼水。B项准确体现了这一写作目的。A项“更有趣”、C项“抱怨日程满”和D项“与其他文化比较”均非作者意图。 7. In the sentence “the streets became a playground”, what rhetorical device is mainly used? A. Metaphor (隐喻). B. Simile (明喻). C. Personification (拟人). D. Exaggeration (夸张). 【答案】A 【解析】本题为修辞手法题。题干询问“在‘街道变成了一个游乐场’这句话中，主要使用了什么修辞手法？”这句话将“streets”（街道）直接比喻为“playground”（游乐场），并未使用“like”或“as”等比喻词，因此是隐喻（Metaphor）。B项明喻需要比喻词；C项拟人是赋予事物人的特性；D项夸张是夸大事实。此句是形象化的比喻，而非字面意义的夸大。 8. Which of the following best supports the idea that the Water-Splashing Festival is about “renewal”? A. The friendly water fights among teenagers. B. The delicious food sold at the night markets. C. The act of washing away the old year’s troubles. D. The synchronized paddling during dragon boat races. 【答案】C 【解析】本题为论点与论据题。题干要求选出最能支持泼水节关乎“新生”（renewal）这一观点的论据。文章结尾部分明确提出，这个节日是“a physical, collective washing away of the old year’s troubles and a heartfelt, playful welcome to renewal...”。C项“洗去旧年烦恼的行为”直接对应了“新生”的前提和原因，是最有力的论据。A、B、D项描述的都是节日的具体活动或场景，本身并未直接体现“新生”的抽象含义。 9. For whom is this type of travel diary most likely written? A. Scientific researchers studying ethnic ceremonies. B. Local officials planning the festival schedule. C. Investors seeking their own business opportunities. D. Ordinary readers interested in cultural experiences. 【答案】D 【解析】本题为推理题，考查对读者对象的推断。文章采用第一人称叙述，聚焦个人体验、感官细节（视觉、听觉、感觉）和情感变化，语言生动形象而非学术或官方。这种风格旨在与读者分享一种独特的文化体验，因此最可能面向对文化体验感兴趣的普通读者。A项“研究人员”需要更学术、客观的资料；B项“当地官员”需要 logistical 数据；C项“商人”需要经济信息，均非此篇个人化、体验式日记的主要目标读者。 10. Based on the two diaries, what might the author value most about cultural festivals? A. Their potential for attracting international tourists. B. Their role in preserving ancient forms of entertainment. C. Their strict observance to traditional rules and procedures. D. The opportunity they provide for personal, emotional connection. 【答案】D 【解析】本题为批判性思维题，要求基于两篇日记推断作者最看重文化节日的哪个方面。在两篇日记的结尾，作者都进行了反思性总结：火把节日记强调“connecting everyone... to a tradition”（与传统和社区连接），泼水节日记强调“a heartfelt, playful welcome to renewal”（发自内心地迎接新生）。两者都落脚于个人情感上的深度体验和连接。D项“它们提供的个人情感连接的机会”最符合作者的价值观体现。A项“吸引游客”、B项“保存娱乐形式”在文中未重点体现；C项“严格遵守传统程序”与作者在活动中（如笨拙地跳舞、愉快地被泼水）强调的个人融入和体验相比，并非其最看重的方面。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 阅读板块深度解读与能力提升训练（译林版）必修二 Unit 3 Festivals and customs Alex around the world ———————————— ◄课文复述与理解► ———————————— 仔细阅读课文Alex around the world，选出正确答案。 1. What was the bride wearing at the Indian wedding? A. A white wedding dress. B. A fancy carnival costume. C. An eye-catching red sari. D. A formal colorful suit. 2. How did Alex feel after the street party in Rio? A. Tired and regretted joining. B. Amazed and deeply impressed. C. Confused about local customs. D. Anxious to leave the crowd. 3. Why does Alex mention his sister’s wedding in the Indian diary? A. To show he prefers Western style. B. To highlight a cultural difference. C. To point out a universal emotion. D. To complain about travel tiredness. 4. What can be inferred about the Rio Carnival from the passage? A. It is a quiet and religious event. B. It is disliked by local people. C. It lasts for only a few hours. D. It fully engages multiple senses. 5. What is the main function of the detailed descriptions in both diaries? A. To make the experiences vivid and real. B. To argue for a political viewpoint. C. To list historical facts accurately. D. To criticize traditional customs. 6. What do the two diary entries mainly talk about? A. The challenges of international travel. B. Personal experiences in foreign cultures. C. Economic differences between countries. D. Historical origins of world festivals. 7. How is the information organized in each diary entry? A. In order of importance. B. By comparing two cultures. C. By following time sequence. D. By asking and answering questions. 8. What does the phrase “the Carnival was in the air” mainly serve to do? A. Describe the weather literally. B. Explain the cause of pollution. C. Introduce the flight experience. D. Convey a feeling of atmosphere. 9. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing these diaries? A. To keep a personal travel record. B. To teach language grammar points. C. To promote tour packages to readers. D. To conduct academic cultural research. 10. In the Indian wedding entry, Alex’s reaction to seeing the bridegroom on a horse shows ____. A. a severe cultural shock and rejection B. a mere recording of a strange fact C. an observation of an interesting difference D. a desire to change the local tradition 11. Where is this passage most likely to be taken from? A. A formal anthropological report. B. A chapter of a geography textbook. C. A personal blog or travel journal. D. An official government guidebook 12. Alex’s statement “the smiling faces are the same” suggests that he believes ______. A. all weddings are identical in procedure B. appearance is the only thing that matters C. Indian weddings are superior to others D. human emotions can cross cultural borders ————————————— ◄能力提升训练► ———————————— 阅读以下短文，选出正确答案。 July 26th, Yi Torch Festival, Chuxiong, Yunnan My friend Jiemei, a member of the Yi community, had been telling me about the Torch Festival for months. When I finally arrived in Chuxiong during the last week of July, I understood why her eyes sparkled with pride. The entire town was filled with an energy that felt both ancient and incredibly alive. The day began with thrilling traditional games. I watched powerful wrestlers test their strength and skilled riders race their horses across a dusty field, the crowd cheering wildly. But as the sun began to set, the focus shifted entirely to fire. A solemn ceremony honored the ancestors and the sacred element of fire, which the Yi people believe protects and purifies. True darkness brought the transformation. In the village square, a massive tower of wood was lit, flames leaping (跳、窜) into the night sky. Then, hundreds of people, dressed in breathtaking embroidered costumes, each holding a small, personal torch, emerged. Jiemei handed me one, its warm glow lighting up her smile. We joined a massive, ever-moving circle around the central bonfire. The sound of the yueqin and hulusheng (traditional instruments) started, and the “Left-Foot Dance” began—a joyful, rhythmic stomp (跺脚), kick, and turn. “Just follow the left foot!” Jiemei shouted over the music. I was clumsy, lost in the swirling (旋转的) crowd of dancers and firelight, but the sense of shared community was overwhelming. We danced for what felt like hours, the heat of the fire and the rhythm of the dance driving away all thoughts. That night, fire wasn’t just a symbol; it was a living, breathing heartbeat connecting everyone, including a wide-eyed visitor like me, to a tradition centuries old. (260 words) April 14th, Water-Splashing Festival, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan “Consider every drop a blessing!” My guide, Ailun, laughed as we stepped onto the lively, soaking-wet streets of Jinghong. I had read about the Dai Water-Splashing Festival, but nothing prepared me for the pure, watery joy that enveloped the city. The morning started peacefully with beautiful ceremonies. At the temple, people gently poured scented water over Buddha statues, a symbolic act of cleansing (净化). Later, by the mighty Lancang River, I watched the spectacular dragon boat races, the synchronized paddling (整齐划一的划桨声) and roaring crowds creating an electric atmosphere. Then, the mood shifted completely. By midday, the streets became a playground. Everyone—from little children to elegant grandmothers—was armed. Water buckets, squirt guns, even bowls became tools of happy “warfare.” The rule was simple: no one is spared. A chorus of screams and laughter filled the air. I received polite sprinkles (撒、洒) on my shoulders from elders—a sign of respect and good wishes. From everyone else, it was a friendly, full-on splash! My clothes were instantly wetted, but the tropical sun was warm, and the water felt refreshing. I soon abandoned all shyness, filling my own bucket and joining the fun, chasing Ailun and getting delightfully “attacked” by a group of teenagers. As evening fell, the water play slowly ceased. The smell of delicious grilled fish and sticky rice filled the air from night markets. Looking up, we saw dozens of glowing Kongming lanterns, like giant fireflies, floating into the purple sky, carrying hopes for the new year. Exhausted, dripping, (滴下) and completely happy, I realized this wasn’t just about getting wet. It was a physical, collective washing away of the old year’s troubles and a heartfelt, playful welcome to renewal, happiness, and countless new beginnings. (261 words) 1. What happened right after the massive wooden tower was lit in the village square? A. The traditional games like wrestling began. B. The solemn ceremony to honor ancestors started. C. People with small torches joined a circle dance. D. The crowd watched the spectacular horse racing. 2. How did the author’s personal experience change during the Left-Foot Dance? A. From feeling confused and clumsy to feeling connected. B. From being a skilled dancer to leading the crowd. C. From observing quietly to criticizing the tradition. D. From feeling tired and bored to being energetic. 3. What is the main theme of the first diary entry about the Torch Festival? A. The dangers and excitement of traditional horse races. B. The importance of winning in cultural competitions. C. The experience of ancient fire ceremonies and community unity. D. The process of making traditional Yi costumes. 4. According to the diary, what is the meaning behind the elders sprinkling water on the author's shoulders? A. It is an invitation to join a water fight. B. It is a sign of respect and good wishes. C. It is a warning to stay away from crowds. D. It is a traditional way to cool someone down. 5. What can be inferred about the author’s overall feeling after the Water-Splashing Festival? A. Exhausted but deeply satisfied and happy. B. Regretful for participating in the messy event. C. Concerned about the waste of water. D. Impatient to leave the crowded city. 6. Why does the author mention the dragon boat races and Kongming lanterns? A. To suggest these activities are more fun than water splashing. B. To show the festival includes more than just water fights. C. To complain about the busy schedule of the festival day. D. To compare Dai traditions with those of other cultures. 7. In the sentence “the streets became a playground”, what rhetorical device is mainly used? A. Metaphor (隐喻). B. Simile (明喻). C. Personification (拟人). D. Exaggeration (夸张). 8. Which of the following best supports the idea that the Water-Splashing Festival is about “renewal”? A. The friendly water fights among teenagers. B. The delicious food sold at the night markets. C. The act of washing away the old year’s troubles. D. The synchronized paddling during dragon boat races. 9. For whom is this type of travel diary most likely written? A. Scientific researchers studying ethnic ceremonies. B. Local officials planning the festival schedule. C. Investors seeking their own business opportunities. D. Ordinary readers interested in cultural experiences. 10. Based on the two diaries, what might the author value most about cultural festivals? A. Their potential for attracting international tourists. B. Their role in preserving ancient forms of entertainment. C. Their strict observance to traditional rules and procedures. D. The opportunity they provide for personal, emotional connection. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $