专练09 名词性从句（专题专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专练09 名词性从句 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 名词性从句语法填空 考向02 名词性从句在句子翻译中运用 B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 （2026年静安区一模） 　　　(4)_________happened next was even more alarming for Priest.The bear came back the next day and tore a screen trying to get inside. 【答案】 what 【解析】 考查主语从句。句意：接下来发生的事情对 Priest 来说更令人担忧。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代 “发生的事情”，故用连接代词 what 引导，填 what。 （2026年嘉定区一模） In Japan, people tend to believe that sleep is a luxury, not a necessity, and (5) ______ sacrificing sleep is vital for success. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：在日本，人们倾向于认为睡眠是一种奢侈品，而非必需品，并且牺牲睡眠对成功至关重要。空处引导并列宾语从句，与前面的 “that sleep is a luxury...” 并列，从句中不缺成分，故用 that 引导，填 that。 考向01 名词性从句单句语法填空 1．An increasing number of individuals are wondering has invested several million yuan into the research and protection of human dialects. (用适当的词填空) 2．About seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That’s it looks blue from space. (用适当的词填空) 3． the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. (用适当的词填空) 4．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. （用适当的词填空） 5．It is uncertain   team will win in the final contest. （用适当的词填空） 6．There is little doubt one day a cure to that disease will be found. (用适当的词填空) 7．I have no idea   effective measures our school will take to strengthen our listening skills. (用适当的词填空) 8． matters most is not what you think but what you do to pave the way for your future. （用适当词填空） 9． the boy made so much progress in a short time surprised all of us. (用适当的词填空) 10． breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and punished. (用适当的词填空) 11．It is necessary we young people master a foreign language. (用适当的词填空) 12．To our surprise, was once a small fishing village has turned into a modern city. (用适当词填空) 13． people in western countries think we Muslim women are oppressed and controlled by men is wrong. (用适当的词填空) 14． they discover instead is a work of art with a museum inside. Meier took some basic materials metal, stone and glass. (用适当的词填空) 15．It is uncertain side effects the new medicine will bring about. (用适当的词填空) 考向02 名词性从句在句子翻译中运用 1．你的建议是否起作用拭目以待。（remain） 2．电话里说好的马上送到，但是一个小时过去了，我们的午餐还没送达。(deliver) 3．长远来看，最能缓解焦虑的不是找医生咨询而是立刻付诸行动。(what) 4．令我震撼的是，我从接触到的古籍中受益良多，（expose） 5．值得一提的是，本次演唱会不负众望，赢得满堂彩。（What） 6．在新品发布会上，总经理提议大家为所有员工做出的共同努力而举杯，同时期待新产品能够受到年轻人欢迎。(toast) 7．毫无疑问，许多人倾向于依赖数字工具做研究。（doubt） 8．你不可能在楼下食品杂货店买到草药和手帕。(possibility） 9．有证据表明，定期锻炼对于提升专注度和记忆力有着积极的影响.(There) 10．尽管这个科学家没有把实验的失败怪在她身上，但大家都意识到性别歧视导致了这一切。（Despite） 11．有证据表明，屏幕时间过长会损害专注力，但也有人认为这些问题往往源于不良习惯，可以通过调整行为来纠正。（undo） 12．这位餐厅经理坚持认为，只有当公众真正了解海草并愿意接受它作为食物来源时，规模化生产才有意义。(seaweed) 13．最令我印象深刻的是，这位摄影师尽管日程繁忙仍能定期去当地的社区做志愿者。(despite) 14．让科学家们忧心忡忡的是可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求。（concern） 15．让他父母失望的并非是他成绩差，而是他一看到困难就摆烂。（It） Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. Different Forms of Hospitality (好客) I am a British woman social anthropologist (人类学家). I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe, 1 (study) everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family to see from the inside how people managed their lives. I had a wonderful time and made many new friends. 2 I observed is of course based on my own experience at a particular place and time. I often found 3 surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was 4 people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get 5 (involve) in shopping, cooking, or other domestic jobs. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later only to find that my elderly landlady and her sister 6 (travel) across the city on buses to the central market and brought back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of products. I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Most of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, 7 they treated them to food, drink, and a lively hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. 8 a household was expecting guests, large amounts of food were prepared in advance, usually by the women. Wine had already been made, generally by the men, 9 were also responsible for pouring it. Unexpected visitors were still offered as much food and drink as the household 10 provide in the circumstances. Passage 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Thank-You Note to My Spanish Host Parents Dear Paloma and Juan,   I cannot thank you enough for your kindness and the impact you had (and still have) on my life. There is not a day that goes by when I do not think about you and the effect you had 11 me.   Thank you for introducing me to wonderful Spanish food. I still dream about paella, croquetas, empanadas, and all the other goodies you 12 (offer) while I lived in your house. Every morning before my roommate and I left for class, you made us freshly squeezed orange juice, 13 was a perfect way to start the day. Anytime we went on a trip, you packed us lunch. All of these kindnesses made us feel at home.   Thank you for being patient with me in the early days when my Spanish was not so good. I know I probably asked several times 14 type of meat was on our salads. And it took me several weeks to remember 15 cangrejo meant “crab meat”. Answering that question over and over again must have been frustrating, but you did so anyway. You took me to the market, and I appreciated your effort 16 (involve) me in real Spanish activities.   I will never forget the time 17 you saw a peacock in Retro Park and showed me the video at dinner as you thought it would make me smile. 18 my roommate and I were still a little uneasy about using public transportation in Madrid, you took the time to show us how to take the bus and the Metro.   Lastly, thank you for still caring about me and keeping in touch. I love the inspirational memes you send me on WhatsApp; they brighten my day more than you know. Thank you for 19 (welcome) me back into your home when I returned to Madrid this March and for having me once more at your dinner table, just like old times. You went above and beyond to make my experience 20 (good) possible, and for that, I am forever grateful.   Yours, Kayla 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【2023上海春考】(25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【2022年秋考】An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 【2022年春考】People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30)_______do see it say that they will never forget it. 翻译 1．（2023·上海·高考真题）你是否意识到这个地区的每一个部落有自己的不成文的规则？(aware) 2．（2022·上海·高考真题）鉴于不熟悉用手机打车的老人不在少数，这家公司提供了一系列服务来满足他们的需求。(a few) 3．（2018·上海·高考真题）当谈到办公室冲突的时候，专家建议应更多地反思自己，更多地换位思考，并及时与同事沟通。(when it comes to) 4．（2018·上海·高考真题）在法庭上，他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。(guilty) 5．（2017·上海·高考真题）有人声称这个减肥丸效果显著,立竿见影,且对身体无害。但事实远非如此。(It) 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专练09 名词性从句 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 名词性从句语法填空 考向02 名词性从句在句子翻译中运用 B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 （2026年静安区一模） 　　　(4)_________happened next was even more alarming for Priest.The bear came back the next day and tore a screen trying to get inside. 【答案】 what 【解析】 考查主语从句。句意：接下来发生的事情对 Priest 来说更令人担忧。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代 “发生的事情”，故用连接代词 what 引导，填 what。 （2026年嘉定区一模） In Japan, people tend to believe that sleep is a luxury, not a necessity, and (5) ______ sacrificing sleep is vital for success. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：在日本，人们倾向于认为睡眠是一种奢侈品，而非必需品，并且牺牲睡眠对成功至关重要。空处引导并列宾语从句，与前面的 “that sleep is a luxury...” 并列，从句中不缺成分，故用 that 引导，填 that。 考向01 名词性从句单句语法填空 1．An increasing number of individuals are wondering has invested several million yuan into the research and protection of human dialects. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：越来越多的人想知道是谁投入了数百万元用于人类方言的研究和保护。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作wondering的宾语，从句中缺少主语，且指代“投入资金的人”，应用连接代词“who”引导该宾语从句。故填who。 2．About seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That’s it looks blue from space. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：大约71%的地球表面被水覆盖。这就是为什么从太空看它是蓝色的。空处引导名词性从句作表语，前一句是“从太空看地球是蓝色的”的原因，空处需表达“为什么，为何”，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填why。 3． the ancient people built the pyramids in the past with primitive tools puzzled people for centuries. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】How 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：古代人是如何用原始的工具建造金字塔的，这个问题困扰了人们好几个世纪。空处引导主语从句，在句中作状语，表示“如何、怎样”，故应用连接副词how；句首字母大写。故填How。 4．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：所有的准备工作都已完成，但仍有部分人对一切能否按计划进行表示怀疑。引导同位语从句，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 5．It is uncertain   team will win in the final contest. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁能在决赛中获胜还很难说。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少team的定语，表示“哪一个”应用which。故填which。 6．There is little doubt one day a cure to that disease will be found. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查连接词。句意：毫无疑问，总有一天会找到治疗那种疾病的方法。空处为同位语从句的连接词，句意和句子结构完整，用连接词that。故填that。 7．I have no idea   effective measures our school will take to strengthen our listening skills. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道我们学校将采取什么有效措施来加强我们的听力技能。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导同位语从句，对idea解释说明，用连词what引导从句，意为“什么”。故填what。 8． matters most is not what you think but what you do to pave the way for your future. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：最重要的不是你想什么，而是你做了什么来为你的未来铺平道路。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指“……的事物”，应用what，首字母大写。故填What。 9． the boy made so much progress in a short time surprised all of us. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这个男孩在短时间内取得如此大的进步使我们大家都感到惊讶。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，应用连接词 that 引导该从句。故填 That。 10． breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and punished. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论是谁违法迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。分析句式结构可知此处是主语从句，且主语从句中缺少主语，再分析句意可知，用连接代词whoever引导主语从句表示“无论谁”，符合语境。故填whoever。 11．It is necessary we young people master a foreign language. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我们年轻人掌握一门外语是必要的。It为形式主语，真正主语为空处引导的从句，即，主语从句，从句部分主要成分和意思都完整，用that引导从句。故填that。 12．To our surprise, was once a small fishing village has turned into a modern city. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：令我们惊讶的是，曾经的小渔村已经变成了一座现代化的城市。空处引导的是一个主语从句，且在从句中作主语，根据a small fishing village可知，这里指的是事物，应用what引导，表示“什么”。故填what。 13． people in western countries think we Muslim women are oppressed and controlled by men is wrong. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：西方国家的人认为我们穆斯林妇女被男性所压迫是错误的。主语是一个主语从句，主语从句中并不缺少句子成分，句意完整应用that，首字母大写。故用That。 14． they discover instead is a work of art with a museum inside. Meier took some basic materials metal, stone and glass. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：相反，他们发现的是一件里面有博物馆的艺术品。Meier使用了一些基本的材料，金属，石头和玻璃。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，应用连接代词what引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 15．It is uncertain side effects the new medicine will bring about. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这种新药会有什么副作用还不确定。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，空处引导一个主语从句作真正的主语，此处表示“什么样的副作用”，应用what引导。故填what。 考向02 名词性从句在句子翻译中运用 1．你的建议是否起作用拭目以待。（remain） 【答案】Whether your suggestion will work remains to be seen. 【详解】考查固定短语、时态和主语从句。“你的建议是否起作用”是句子主语，使用whether引导主语从句，表示“是否”，从句主语“你的建议”译为your suggestion，“起作用”使用动词work，从句描述将来的动作，应使用一般将来时，表示“拭目以待”用固定短语remain to be seen；主句描述现在的一般情况，使用一般现在时，从句作主语，谓语使用第三人称单数形式。句首单词，首字母大写。故翻译为Whether your suggestion will work remains to be seen. 2．电话里说好的马上送到，但是一个小时过去了，我们的午餐还没送达。(deliver) 【答案】It had all been promised on the phone that our lunch would be delivered right away, but an hour had passed and no food arrived. 【详解】考查主语从句，固定短语，时态和语态。“电话里说好的”描述过去的过去的承诺，可以转化为“电话里许诺的”，用过去完成时被动语态，“许诺”用promise，“电话里”用on the phone，可以用it用作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句，即It had all been promised on the phone that；“马上送到” 中 “送”deliver是过去承诺的将来动作，用过去将来时的被动语态，其主语为后文提到的“我们的午餐”our lunch，“马上”用right away，即our lunch would be delivered right away；“一个小时过去了” 强调过去的过去，用过去完成时，即an hour had passed；“还没送达”可以转化为“没有食物到达”，强调过去的动作，用一般过去，“没有食物”为no food，“到达”为arrive，用过去式arrived。整理语序，故翻译为：It had all been promised on the phone that our lunch would be delivered right away, but an hour had passed and no food arrived. 3．长远来看，最能缓解焦虑的不是找医生咨询而是立刻付诸行动。(what) 【答案】In the long run, what relieves anxiety most effectively is not seeking medical advice but taking immediate action. 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“长远来看”短语为in the long run；表示“最能缓解焦虑的”用主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物故用what引导，翻译为what relieves anxiety most effectively；表示“不是……而是……”句型为not…but…；表示“找医生咨询”用动名词短语seeking medical advice，作表语；表示“立刻付诸行动”为taking immediate action。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为In the long run, what relieves anxiety most effectively is not seeking medical advice but taking immediate action. 4．令我震撼的是，我从接触到的古籍中受益良多，（expose） 【答案】What shocks me is that I have benefited a great deal from the ancient books I have been exposed to. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，“令我震撼的是”译为“What shocks me is that...”，用主语从句符合英文表达习惯，后接that引导的表语从句，“受益良多”译为“have benefited a great deal”，“接触到”结合提示词“expose”，用“have been exposed to”（现在完成时被动语态），体现“从过去接触到现在持续受益”的逻辑，“ancient books”对应“古籍书”。故翻译为：What shocks me is that I have benefited a great deal from the ancient books I have been exposed to. 5．值得一提的是，本次演唱会不负众望，赢得满堂彩。（What） 【答案】What is worth mentioning is that this concert lived up to everyone’s expectations and received a resounding ovation. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句和固定搭配。根据句意和提示，表示“值得一提的是”使用what引导的主语从句，译为what is worth mentioning，其中what引导主语从句，is worth mentioning为系表结构，表示“值得被提及”，作句子主语；表示“本次演唱会不负众望，赢得满堂彩”位于系动词is后，作表语，可使用表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导，表示“本次演唱会不负众望”描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，表示“本次演唱会”为this concert作从句的主语，表示“不负众望”为 lived up to everyone’s expectations，表示“赢得满堂彩”译为received a resounding ovation，与lived并列，使用and连接并列谓语，保持时态一致，所以表语从句译为that this concert lived up to everyone’s expectations and received a resounding ovation。句首单词首字母大写，故翻译为What is worth mentioning is that this concert lived up to everyone’s expectations and received a resounding ovation. 6．在新品发布会上，总经理提议大家为所有员工做出的共同努力而举杯，同时期待新产品能够受到年轻人欢迎。(toast) 【答案】At the new product launch event, the general manager proposed a toast to all employees for their collective efforts and expressed the hope that the new product would be well received by young people. 【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词（短语）、形容词和同位语从句。状语“在新品发布会上”可用介词短语at the new product launch event，主语“总经理”可用名词短语the general manager，“提议为……举杯”可用动词短语propose a toast to，“所有员工”可用名词短语all employees，作to的宾语，“（因）（他们）做出的共同努力”可用介词for和名词短语their collective efforts搭配，“期待”可用动词短语express the hope；“新产品能够受到年轻人欢迎”为“期待”的具体内容，可用that引导名词性从句，作the hope的同位语，从句主语“新产品”可用名词短语the new product，“受到……欢迎”可用动词短语be well received by，“年轻人”可用名词短语young people；主句描述的应该是过去发生的事，时态宜用一般过去时，从句描述的是当时未发生的情况，时态用过去将来时。故可译为：At the new product launch event, the general manager proposed a toast to all employees for their collective efforts and expressed the hope that the new product would be well received by young people. 7．毫无疑问，许多人倾向于依赖数字工具做研究。（doubt） 【答案】There is no doubt that many people tend to rely on digital tools for research. 【详解】考查固定句式和动词不定式。根据句意，该句表达一个普遍认可的观点，使用一般现在时；表示“毫无疑问”为there is no doubt that，是固定句式，位于句首单词首字母需大写；that引导同位语从句，说明doubt的具体内容；从句主语“许多人”为many people；谓语“倾向于”为tend to，后接动词原形；“依赖数字工具做研究”译为rely on digital tools for research，其中rely on为固定搭配，表示“依赖”，for research为介词短语，说明依赖工具的目的。故翻译为There is no doubt that many people tend to rely on digital tools for research. 8．你不可能在楼下食品杂货店买到草药和手帕。(possibility） 【答案】There is no possibility that you buy herbs and handkerchiefs in the grocery downstairs. 【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。结合题干提示possibility可知，用there is no possibility that表达“不可能……”，that引导同位语从句，对possibility进行解释；从句主语是you，谓语“买”是buy，宾语“草药和手帕”是 herbs and handkerchiefs，复数形式表泛指，状语“在楼下杂货店”是in the grocery downstairs。故翻译为There is no possibility that you buy herbs and handkerchiefs in the grocery downstairs. 9．有证据表明，定期锻炼对于提升专注度和记忆力有着积极的影响.(There) 【答案】There is evidence/proof (indicating/to suggest) that regular exercise/taking regular exercise has a positive impact/effect/influence on improving/enhancing/boosting concentration and memory. 【详解】考查there be句型、同位语从句和短语。表示“有证据表明”应用there be句型，即There is evidence/proof ；表示“表明”可以用indicate或suggest，因此处作后置定语修饰evidence/proof，使用现在分词indicating或不定式to suggest；表示“定期锻炼”短语为regular exercise或动词短语take regular exercise，因此处做主语，使用动名词短语taking regular exercise；表示“对……有积极影响”短语为，因此处表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，且因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式has a positive impact/effect/influence on；表示“提升专注度和记忆力”短语为improve/enhance/boost concentration and memory，因此处在句中做介词on的宾语，应使用动名词短语improving/enhancing/boosting concentration and memory。故翻译为There is evidence/proof (indicating/to suggest) that regular exercise/taking regular exercise has a positive impact/effect/influence on improving/enhancing/boosting concentration and memory。 10．尽管这个科学家没有把实验的失败怪在她身上，但大家都意识到性别歧视导致了这一切。（Despite） 【答案】Despite the fact that the scientist didn’t blame her for the failure of the experiment, everyone was aware that gender discrimination led to all this. 【详解】考查同位语从句、宾语从句和时态。句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；表示“尽管”用despite，后接名词the fact，that引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的具体内容；blame sb. for sth. (因某事责备某人)，the failure of the experiment (实验的失败)，表示“这个科学家没有把实验的失败怪在她身上”用the scientist didn’t blame her for the failure of the experiment；be aware that... (意识到)，表示“大家都意识到”用everyone was aware，后接that引导的宾语从句；gender discrimination (性别歧视)，lead to (导致)，表示“性别歧视导致了这一切”用gender discrimination led to all this。故翻译为Despite the fact that the scientist didn’t blame her for the failure of the experiment, everyone was aware that gender discrimination led to all this. 11．有证据表明，屏幕时间过长会损害专注力，但也有人认为这些问题往往源于不良习惯，可以通过调整行为来纠正。（undo） 【答案】There is evidence that excessive screen time harms concentration, but some people believe that these issues often stem from bad habits and can be undone by adjusting behavior. 【详解】考查同位语从句、宾语从句、动词时态语态和短语。表示“有证据表明”用There is evidence that...引导同位语从句，对evidence具体内容进行解释；“屏幕时间过长”译为excessive screen time，“损害专注力”用harms concentration作从句谓语和宾语部分；“有人认为”用some people believe that，that后接宾语从句，“源于”对应stem from，“不良习惯”是bad habits；“纠正（不良影响）”对应动词undo，此处用被动语态can be undone，“通过调整行为”译为by adjusting behavior作方式状语。整句用一般现在时表常见现象、普遍认知。故翻译为：There is evidence that excessive screen time harms concentration, but some people believe that these issues often stem from bad habits and can be undone by adjusting behavior。 12．这位餐厅经理坚持认为，只有当公众真正了解海草并愿意接受它作为食物来源时，规模化生产才有意义。(seaweed) 【答案】The restaurant manager insists that large-scale production of seaweed is meaningful only when the public truly understands and accepts it as a food source. 【详解】考查宾语从句、条件状语从句、名词短语、动词和时态。“这位餐厅经理坚持认为”译为主句，剩余内容译为宾语从句。“这位餐厅经理”是主语，译为this restaurant manager，“坚持认为”是谓语，用动词insist表示，这里表示餐厅经理当前且一贯持有的观点，用一般现在时，主句译为This restaurant manager insists that…。宾语从句中“只有当公众真正了解海草并愿意接受它作为食物来源时”可视为“规模化生产才有意义”的必要条件，用only when引导状语从句，从句在形式上由when引导，有时间关联意味，但在逻辑上表达了一个强条件，功能上相当于一个条件状语从句；“规模化生产才有意义”为主句。“规模化生产”，译为名词短语large-scale production，这里是“海草的生产”，根据提示，“海草”用名词seaweed，在large-scale production后加介词短词of seaweed作后置定语；“才有意义”使用系表结构is meaningful，时态跟随主句谓语insists，用一般现在时。故“规模化生产才有意义”翻译为large-scale production of seaweed is meaningful。“只有当公众真正了解海草并愿意接受它作为食物来源时”中“公众”为主语，译为the public；“真正了解”和“愿意接受……作为……”处理为并列的谓语，中间用and连接。“了解”用understand表示，跟随全句谓语和宾从中主句时态，用一般现在时，主语the public是一个整体，谓语用第三人称单数形式understands；“真正”用副词truly作状语；“愿意接受……作为……”中“愿意”可省译，“接受……作为……”译为accept sth. as sth.，accept与understands并列，用accepts；“食物来源”译为名词短语a food source，source可数，前面需用不定冠词a；“接受它作为食物来源”译为accepts it as a food source。故“只有当公众真正了解海草并愿意接受它作为食物来源时”翻译为only when the public truly understands and accepts it as a food source，其中“海草”这个名词已在宾从中主句部分出现，此从句中使用代词it。故全句翻译为The restaurant manager insists that large-scale production of seaweed is meaningful only when the public truly understands and accepts it as a food source. 13．最令我印象深刻的是，这位摄影师尽管日程繁忙仍能定期去当地的社区做志愿者。(despite) 【答案】What impresses me most is that the photographer is still capable of going to the local community as a volunteer regularly despite a busy schedule. 【详解】考查主语从句和介词短语。句子陈述经常发生的动作，用一般现在时；表示“最令我印象深刻的是……”用what impresses me most is that…，what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句；表示“能做某事”用be capable of doing sth，主语the photographer是第三人称单数，be用is，表示“定期去当地社区做志愿者”用go to the local community as a volunteer regularly，go用不定式；表示“尽管”用介词despite，后接名词短语a busy schedule“繁忙的日程”。故翻译为：What impresses me most is that the photographer is still capable of going to the local community as a volunteer regularly despite a busy schedule. 14．让科学家们忧心忡忡的是可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求。（concern） 【答案】What concerns scientists is that although renewable energy is promising, its development and application have not kept up with demand. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、让步状语从句和动词短语。根据句意，“让科学家们忧心忡忡”是现在的状态，主句使用一般现在时；“开发和运用速度尚未跟上”是从过去持续到现在的情况，从句使用现在完成时。表示“让科学家们忧心忡忡的”为主语从句作主语，从句中缺少主语，指事情，所以使用连接代词what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“忧心忡忡”为concern，主语What视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“科学家们”为scientists作宾语，所以主语从句可译为What concerns scientists；表示“是”为be动词，用单数形式，所以be动词为is作主句的谓语；表示“可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求”为表语从句，表语从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导表语从句，无实义；表语从句中包含although引导的让步状语从句，表示“可再生能源”为renewable energy作主语，“被看好”为is promising作谓语，所以，状语从句可译为although renewable energy is promising；表示“开发和运用”为development and application作表语从句中主句的主语，表示“尚未跟上”为现在完成时的否定形式have not kept up with作谓语，表示“需求”为demand作宾语，所以表语从句中的主句可译为its development and application have not kept up with demand。故翻译为What concerns scientists is that although renewable energy is promising, its development and application have not kept up with demand. 15．让他父母失望的并非是他成绩差，而是他一看到困难就摆烂。（It） 【答案】It is not his poor academic performance but the fact that he always gives up trying at the sight of difficulties that lets his parents down. 【详解】考查名词，动词和固定句型。“让……失望”用短语let sb down表示，“他父母”用his parents作宾语，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，“让他父母失望的并非是……而是……”用强调句型It is not ... but... that lets his parents down表示，“他成绩差”即“他的糟糕的学术表现”表示为his poor academic performance，“他一看到困难就摆烂”是一个事实，可以表示为that引导的同位语从句，解释名词the fact，“摆烂”即“放弃尝试”，表示为give up trying，“一看到”用at the sight of表示，“困难”用名词difficulties作宾语。故译为It is not his poor academic performance but the fact that he always gives up trying at the sight of difficulties that lets his parents down。 Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. Different Forms of Hospitality (好客) I am a British woman social anthropologist (人类学家). I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe, 1 (study) everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family to see from the inside how people managed their lives. I had a wonderful time and made many new friends. 2 I observed is of course based on my own experience at a particular place and time. I often found 3 surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was 4 people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get 5 (involve) in shopping, cooking, or other domestic jobs. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later only to find that my elderly landlady and her sister 6 (travel) across the city on buses to the central market and brought back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of products. I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Most of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, 7 they treated them to food, drink, and a lively hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. 8 a household was expecting guests, large amounts of food were prepared in advance, usually by the women. Wine had already been made, generally by the men, 9 were also responsible for pouring it. Unexpected visitors were still offered as much food and drink as the household 10 provide in the circumstances. 【答案】 1．studying 2．What 3．it 4．because 5．involved 6．had travelled/had traveled 7．where 8．When/If 9．who 10．could 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为英国社会人类学家在摩尔多瓦逗留期间，观察到的当地人们好客的不同形式及相关日常场景。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我曾在东欧的摩尔多瓦待了一年，研究这个国家的日常生活。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词spent，且空格处无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语动词；主语I与study之间为主动关系，表伴随动作，所以用现在分词形式。故填studying。 2．考查主语从句。句意：我所观察到的当然是基于我自己在特定地点和时间的经历。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中observed缺少宾语，指代“观察到的内容”，故用连接代词what引导该主语从句，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填What。 3．考查形式宾语。句意：我常常发现，很难从摩尔多瓦人的角度去看待那里的生活。分析句子结构可知，句中真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan，空格处应用it作形式宾语，构成“find it + 形容词 + to do sth”结构，意为“发现做某事是……的”。故填it。 4．考查表语从句。句意：这是因为我遇到的人们都非常好客，我始终被当作贵宾对待。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，结合上下文语境，后文内容是解释前文“很难从摩尔多瓦人的角度看待生活”的原因，故用because引导该表语从句，表“因为”。故填because。 5．考查固定搭配。句意：作为我的主人，他们希望我玩得开心，不要参与购物、做饭或其他家务。get involved in为固定搭配，意为“参与；卷入”，其中involved为形容词，作的表语。故填involved。 6．考查动词时态。句意：大多数早上，我都被鼓励出去探索城市，或者进行我的研究，后来回来时却发现我年迈的房东太太和她的妹妹已经乘公共汽车穿过城市去了中央市场，带回了一大堆土豆、一整只羊或其他大量的物品。分析句子结构可知，空格处为宾语从句的谓语动词；结合句意，“房东太太和她妹妹去市场购物”这一动作发生在“我回来”之前，returned为一般过去时，故此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去发生的动作。故填had traveled/travelled。 7．考查定语从句。句意：我遇到的大多数成年人都喜欢邀请朋友、家人、邻居、同事甚至陌生人到他们家里，在那里他们用食物、饮料和热烈好客的气氛招待他们。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为their homes，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。故填where。 8．考查连词。句意：当一个家庭要招待客人时，通常会由女性提前准备大量的食物。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，结合句意，此处表示“当……的时候”，故用when引导该时间状语从句，且位于句首首字母需大写；此处也可表示“如果一个家庭要招待客人”，用if引导条件状语从句。故填When/If。 9．考查定语从句。句意：酒通常已经由男人们酿好了，他们也负责倒酒。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the men，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，故用who引导该定语从句。故填who。 10．考查情态动词。句意：即使是不速之客，主人也会在当时的情况下提供尽可能多的食物和饮料。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词provide；结合句意，此处表示“能够；可以”，且文章整体时态为一般过去时，故用could表示过去的能力。故填could。 Passage 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Thank-You Note to My Spanish Host Parents Dear Paloma and Juan,   I cannot thank you enough for your kindness and the impact you had (and still have) on my life. There is not a day that goes by when I do not think about you and the effect you had 11 me.   Thank you for introducing me to wonderful Spanish food. I still dream about paella, croquetas, empanadas, and all the other goodies you 12 (offer) while I lived in your house. Every morning before my roommate and I left for class, you made us freshly squeezed orange juice, 13 was a perfect way to start the day. Anytime we went on a trip, you packed us lunch. All of these kindnesses made us feel at home.   Thank you for being patient with me in the early days when my Spanish was not so good. I know I probably asked several times 14 type of meat was on our salads. And it took me several weeks to remember 15 cangrejo meant “crab meat”. Answering that question over and over again must have been frustrating, but you did so anyway. You took me to the market, and I appreciated your effort 16 (involve) me in real Spanish activities.   I will never forget the time 17 you saw a peacock in Retro Park and showed me the video at dinner as you thought it would make me smile. 18 my roommate and I were still a little uneasy about using public transportation in Madrid, you took the time to show us how to take the bus and the Metro.   Lastly, thank you for still caring about me and keeping in touch. I love the inspirational memes you send me on WhatsApp; they brighten my day more than you know. Thank you for 19 (welcome) me back into your home when I returned to Madrid this March and for having me once more at your dinner table, just like old times. You went above and beyond to make my experience 20 (good) possible, and for that, I am forever grateful.   Yours, Kayla 【答案】 11．on 12．offered 13．which 14．what 15．that 16．to involve 17．when 18．Although/Though/While 19．welcoming 20．the best 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了Kayla写给西班牙寄宿家庭的感谢信，表达了对他们帮助和关爱的感激之情。 11．考查介词。句意：没有一天我不想起你们，想起你们对我的影响。根据句意可知，此处表示“对……的影响”，需用固定短语have an effect on。故填on。 12．考查动词时态。句意：我仍然梦想着西班牙海鲜饭、炸丸子、肉馅卷饼，以及我住在你们家时你们提供的所有其他美食。while引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，主句谓语动词offer也应使用一般过去时。故填offered。 13．考查定语从句。句意：每天早上，我和室友出门上课前，你都会给我们榨新鲜的橙汁，这是开始新一天的完美方式。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 14．考查宾语从句。句意：我知道我可能问过好几次我们的沙拉上是什么肉。asked后面是宾语从句，从句中 type前缺少定语修饰，表示“什么种类的”，应用what type of。故填what。 15．考查宾语从句。句意：我花了好几个星期才记住cangrejo的意思是“蟹肉”。remember后面是宾语从句，从句结构完整，句意明确，只起连接作用，应用that引导。故填that。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：你带我去市场，我很感激你努力让我参与真正的西班牙活动。空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词effort，effort后常接动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的努力”，即effort to do sth.。故填to involve。 17．考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记你在Retro公园看到一只孔雀，并在晚餐时给我看视频，因为你觉得这会让我笑。空处引导定语从句，先行词是time，且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 18．考查状语从句。句意：句意： 虽然我和室友在马德里使用公共交通时仍然感到有些不安，但你们还是花时间向我们展示了如何乘坐公交车和地铁。前半句提到作者和室友“对使用公共交通感到不安”，后半句提到房东“花时间教我们”。前后两句存在明显的转折或让步关系，即“尽管我们害怕/不安，你们还是帮助了我们”。although/though/while意为 “虽然，尽管”，符合语境。故填Although/Though/While 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：感谢你们今年3月我回到马德里时欢迎我回到你们家，并像以前一样再次邀请我共进晚餐。空处需用动名词作介词for的宾语。故填welcoming。 20．考查形容词最高级。句意：你们竭尽全力让我的经历尽可能美好，为此，我永远心存感激。根据句意可知，此处表示“尽可能美好的经历”，需用形容词good的最高级best作宾语补足语，形容词的最高级前面加定冠词the。故填the best。 【2023上海秋考】King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )_______wisdom can bring( 30 )_______ peace and harmony. 【答案】 25.who/whom 29.how 25.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，该空引导的宾语从句作prove 的宾语且该宾语从句中缺少宾语,结合上下文内容,这里需要填入一个指代人的关系代词,表示“土地属于谁”，故此处填入 who/whom。 29.考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入一个可以引导宾语从句的连词，且从句中不缺少主干成分，又根据相关句意推知，此处想要表述的是“他的故事给了我们一个关于智慧是如何带来和平与和谐的提醒”，how 有“如何”之意，故此处填入 how。 【2023上海春考】(25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】25. What 28. it 25. What 考查名词从句。这里使用名词从句"What counts for Advisers"引导一个主语从句，意为"对于顾问来说，重要的是……"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 28.it 考查代词。 "it"是代词，作为形式宾语代替后面that从句。真正宾语是"that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations"。 【2022年秋考】An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 【答案】26.what 【解析】考查宾语从句。该段回答的问题是“企业家如何识别商业前景”，根据后面的"how they succeed(他们是如何成功的)”可以推测出这里要表达的意思是“其他企业在做什么"，故填入what。句意:企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。 【2022年春考】People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30)_______do see it say that they will never forget it. 【答案】29.that 30.whoever 29.考查宾语从句。根据 be sure 后面的 it will happen，判定从句作的是宾语的成分，故此处用 that 引导宾语从句，填入 that。句意:人们千里迢迢去看极光,却永远无法确定它是否会发生。 30.考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知此句缺主语，而后面宾语从句的主语为 they，再结合前面提到的“人们千里迅通去看极光”，说明极光很受欢迎，可以推测出这里的句意为“但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它”，也就是“无论是谁看到了它都说永远不会忘记它”，故填入 whoever。句意:但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它。 翻译 1．（2023·上海·高考真题）你是否意识到这个地区的每一个部落有自己的不成文的规则？(aware) 【答案】Have you been aware that every tribe in this area has its own unwritten rules? 【详解】考查时态、宾语从句。表示“你”用you，作主语。表示“意识到”用be aware，强调对现在的影响，时态用现在完成时，主语为you，助动词用have。表示“你是否意识到”用have you been aware，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“这个地区的每一个部落有自己的不成文的规则”用宾语从句。宾语从句中：表示“这个地区的每一个部落”用every tribe in this area，作主语；表示“有”用have，本句描述客观事实，故时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数has；表示“自己的不成文的规则”用its own unwritten rules，作宾语；从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故翻译为：Have you been aware that every tribe in this area has its own unwritten rules? 2．（2022·上海·高考真题）鉴于不熟悉用手机打车的老人不在少数，这家公司提供了一系列服务来满足他们的需求。(a few) 【答案】Given (the fact) that/In consideration of the fact that/In (the) light of the fact that/In view of the fact that/ Considering (that) quite a few elderly people/senior citizens are unfamiliar with/ are not familiar with/are not skilled in taking a taxi with mobile phone/ using mobile phone to take a taxi, this company offers/ provides/ presents/ furnishes/ affords/ supplies a series of/a range of/an array of services to respond to/ cater to/ meet/ satisfy/ serve/ answer/address their needs/ demands. 【详解】考查固定句型、名词短语和动词短语。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；表示“鉴于……”为固定句型Given (the fact) that…/In consideration of the fact that/In (the) light of the fact that/In view of the fact that/ Considering (that) ；表示“相当多的老人”应为名词短语quite a few elderly people/senior citizens；表示“不熟悉”应为动词短语be unfamiliar/not familiar with/be not skilled in；表示“用手机打车”应为动词短语use mobile phone to take a taxi；此处use为动名词形式；表示“这家公司”为名词this company；表示“提供”为动词offers/provides/ presents/ furnishes/ affords/ supplies；表示“一系列服务”应为名词短语a series of /a range of/an array of services；表示“满足他们的需求”为动词短语 respond to/ cater to/ meet/ satisfy/ serve/ answer/address their needs/ demands。故翻译为：Given (the fact) that/In consideration of the fact that/In (the) light of the fact that/In view of the fact that/ Considering (that) quite a few elderly people/senior citizens are unfamiliar with/ are not familiar with/are not skilled in taking a taxi with mobile phone/ using mobile phone to take a taxi, this company offers/ provides/ presents/ furnishes/ affords/ supplies a series of/a range of/an array of services to respond to/ cater to/ meet/ satisfy/ serve/ answer/address their needs/ demands. 3．（2018·上海·高考真题）当谈到办公室冲突的时候，专家建议应更多地反思自己，更多地换位思考，并及时与同事沟通。(when it comes to) 【答案】When it comes to office conflicts, experts suggest one should reflect more on herself or himself, always put themselves in others’ shoes, and communicate with workmates in time. 【详解】考查固定句型、虚拟语气。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，表客观情况，表示“当谈到……的时候”应用句型when it comes to…；表示“办公室冲突”应用office conflicts；表示“专家建议”应用experts suggest，其后的宾语从句中谓语动词使用should+动词原形这种虚拟语气，宾语从句的引导词that可以省略；表示“（人们）应更多地反思自己，更多地换位思考，并及时与同事沟通”用三个并列的谓语动词，即one should reflect more on herself or himself, always put themselves in others’ shoes, and communicate with workmates in time，其中reflect on，表“反思”，为固定搭配， put oneself in others’ shoes，表“换位思考”，为常见表达。故翻译为When it comes to office conflicts, experts suggest one should reflect more on herself or himself, always put themselves in others’ shoes, and communicate with workmates in time. 4．（2018·上海·高考真题）在法庭上，他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。(guilty) 【答案】He insisted that he wasn’t guilty of robbing / robbery in court. 【详解】考查动词、名词和宾语从句。表示“坚称”应用insist，作主句谓语；从句中主语为he，“自己没犯抢劫罪”处理为宾语从句，表示“犯有……罪”短语为be guilty of，后跟动名词robbing或者名词robbery作宾语，表“抢劫”；表示“在法庭上”短语为in court，从句成份和意义都完整，用that引导。结合句意，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故翻译为He insisted that he wasn’t guilty of robbing/ robbery in court. 5．（2017·上海·高考真题）有人声称这个减肥丸效果显著,立竿见影,且对身体无害。但事实远非如此。(It) 【答案】It is claimed that weight-loss pills have an effective and immediate effect and are harmless, but it is far from the truth. 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词和从句。根据中文提示和句意可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，表示“有人声称”应用句型It is claimed that，其中it为形式主语；表示“这种减肥药丸效果显著，立竿见影，且对身体无害”应用句子weight-loss pills have an effective and immediate effect and are harmless，和前面that一起构成主语从句，其中weight-loss pills(这个减肥丸)为主语，have(有)为谓语，an effective and immediate effect (效果显著，立竿见影)为宾语， harmless，表“无害的”，为表语；表示“但事实远非如此”应用句子but it is far from the truth，其中far from，表“远非”，为固定搭配。故翻译为It is claimed that weight-loss pills have an effective and immediate effect and are harmless, but it is far from the truth. 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $