内容正文:
专题09 介词和介词短语
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 2
03 考点通关·靶向突破 3
一、表时间的介词 3
二、表地点和方位的介词 5
三、表方式的介词 8
四、其他常用的介词 9
五、介词短语 11
04 优题精选·练能提分 16
课标要求
复习目标
介词
· 掌握常见介词(in/on/at/for/with/by 等)的基本用法
· 能区分易混介词(如 in/on/at 表时间、地点的差异)
· 理解介词与其他词类的搭配逻辑
1.知识梳理:理清介词分类与核心用法,掌握高频搭配,搭建完整知识体系。
2.能力提升:在各类题型中快速识别考点,准确运用介词及短语,形成连贯解题思路。
3.易错突破:攻克易混介词与短语,通过专项训练减少失分。
4.应试提效:熟练运用解题方法,形成稳定思维,确保该考点少失分、不失分。
·
介词短语
· 熟练掌握 “动词 + 介词”“形容词 + 介词”“名词 + 介词” 等固定搭配
· 能在语境中准确识别和运用介词短语
· 区分同义 / 近义介词短语的细微差别(如 on time /in time)
命题预测
介词和介词短语主要在语法选择、选词填空、语法填空等题型中考察。
解题锦囊
在做题时,首先应该掌握所有介词的用法,在做题的时候根据下面步骤解析:
第一步:分析题干,锁定考点
观察空格前后的词汇(如动词、形容词、名词)和句子成分,判断题目是考查介词的基础用法(时间、地点、方式等),还是固定搭配(动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词、名词 + 介词)。
第二步:结合语境 / 搭配,筛选选项
若考查基础用法,对比选项介词的适用场景,结合句子的时间、地点、逻辑关系排除干扰项;
若考查固定搭配,直接匹配对应的介词短语,确认搭配的准确性。
第三步:代入验证,确定答案
将选定的介词或介词短语代入题干,通读句子,检查语法是否通顺、语义是否契合语境,避免因忽略细节导致错误。
介词是一种虚词,用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中 作定语,状语,表语和宾语补足语。
一、表时间的介词
1. at,in,on表示时间的区别
词汇
用法
示例
at
表示具体的时间点,常用于表示钟点及某些词组中
at half past five 在五点半 at 7:30在七点半 at that time在那时
at noon 在中午 at midnight在午夜
at dawn在黎明 at dusk在黄昏
at the beginning/end of 在……开始/结束时 at the age of 在……岁时
in
用于表示世纪、年、月、季节、在上午/下午/晚上/白天等
in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon在下午
in the evening 在晚上 in July 在七月
in spring在春天 in the 1990s在二十世纪九十年代
表示从现在算起到若干时间以后,意为“在……时间后”,用于一般将来时或过去将来时态
I will come back in 3 days.我将在3天后返回。
on
用于表示确定的时间,具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上或一般节日等
on the weekend在周末 on Christmas在圣诞节
on Children’s day在儿童节 on Monday morning在星期 一上午
on December 1st 2024 在2024年12月1日
on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早晨
注意
在以this,that,next,last,tomorrow,yesterday等开始的表示时间的单词或词组前不用介词。
I will go to Beijing next week.下周我将去北京。
2. for,since,from表示时间的区别
词汇
用法
示例
for
“for+一段时间”意为“已经多长时间
了”,强调某动作或状态持续了多长时间,可与过去、现在、将来等多种时态连用,谓语动词只能用延续性动词
She has worked there for four years
.她已经在那里工作4年了。
since
用作介词时,意为“自从,自……以后”,指从某一时间一直延续至今,后接时间点,通常与完成时连用
The factory has been there since spring 1989.
那家工厂自1989年春就在那里了。
用作连词,用来引导一个时间状语从句
Great changes have taken place in his hometown since he left.自从他离开以后,他的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
from
from表示开始的时间,意为“从……”
(from…to…“从……到……”),谓语可用过去、现在或将来时态
Students go to school from Monday to Friday.
学生们周一至周五上学。
3. to,past,pass表时间的区别
词汇
用法
示例
to
介词,大于30分钟时,表示“差”
ten to seven 6:50
past
介词,小于30分钟时,表示“过”
ten past six 6:10
pass
动词,表示“经过,过去”
He passed by me.他从我身边经过。
4.before和after
词汇
用法
示例
before
①指时间“在……以前”,后面一般接时间点
I will get to Australia before Friday.我将于星期五之前到达澳大利亚。
②表次序,意为“在……之前,先于”
Those with babies can get on the bus before others.
带小孩的人可以先上公共汽车。
after
指时间“在……以后”,后面接时间点或时间段均可
接时间段时,多和一般过去时连用
He came back after a few days.几天后他回来了。
接时间点时,多和一般将来时连用
I’ll call you after 4:30.四点半以后我给你打电话。
5. 其他时间介词
词汇
用法
示例
till/until
“到……为止,直到……之时,直至”
在肯定句中主句谓语动词要用延续性动词。
You’d better stay in bed till tomorrow.你最好在床上待到明天。
I shall wait until ten o’clock.我将等到10点钟。
在否定句中,not…until…“直到……才……”。
I didn’t go to bed until eleven last night.昨天晚上直到11点钟我才睡觉。
by
“不迟于;到......为止”,常与完成时连用
by then到那时,by now到目前为止
He has learned 2000 words by now.到目前为止,他已经学了 2000 个单词。
during
在…… 期间(强调时间范围)
I read a book during the holiday.我在假期里读了一本书。
(可能只在假期某几天读,不是整个假期都在读)
through
一直……,整个……,(强调自始至终)
It snowed through the night.
雪下了一整夜。(从天黑到天亮一直下,没停)
二、表地点和方位的介词
1.in,on,to,at
词汇
用法
示例
in
表示地点,意为“在……内”,用于内部
He put his hands in his pockets.他把手放进口袋。
Guangdong is in the south of China.
(广东属于中国)广东位于中国南部。
on
“在……上面”,用于表面接触,指在一个平面上
There was a carpet on the floor.地板上铺着一块地毯。
表示与某一地区接壤
Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.(广东不属于湖南,但与湖南是毗邻关系)广东在湖南的南边。
to
表示 “朝…… 方向去”(强调动作趋向)
She walked to the bus stop quickly.
她快步走向公交车站。
在…… 方向(范围之外),指两个地方不接壤。
Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东面。
2.表地点的介词(in与at)
词汇
用法
示例
in
in后接大地方; 也指占某物的一部分,表示“在……里”
Einstein was born in a city in southern Germany.
爱因斯坦出生在德国南部的一个城市。
at
at后接小地方;也指具体地点,表示“在某处,在某地”
at home在家 at the bus stop在公交车站
in China在中国 in the world在世界上
We live at No.36 Renmin Road.
我们住在人民路36号。
3. to, from, for
词汇
用法
示例
to
到达……地点(目的地)或方向
He came to Japan in 1980.他1980年来到日本。
from
从……地点起
The train starts from Beijing and ends at Guangzhou.
这趟列车从北京始发,终点站是广州。
for
表示目的地,"向……" for表目的时,一般都是和固定动词搭配。如 leave for, head for,start for...。
I will leave for America next week.
下周我将动身去美国。
4.above,below,over,under
词汇
用法
示例
above
“在……之上,高于……”,与物体表面不接触,表示相对高度,不一定是在正上方
The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。
below
“在……下方,低于……”,是above的反义词
The Dead Sea is below sea level.死海的海面低于海平面。
over
“在……之上”,与物体表面不接触,表示垂直之上
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
under
“在……下面”,是over的反义词。与物体表面不接触,表示垂直在下
There is a boat under the bridge.桥下有一艘船。
5. between,among
词汇
用法
示例
among
“在(三者或三者以上)之间”
The man who is standing among the students is Lily’s father.站在学生中间的是莉莉的父亲。
between
“在(两者)之间”,常用词组:between…and…在……与……之间
I will be back between five and six.
我将在5点到6点之间回来。
6.through,across,past,over
词汇
用法
示例
through
介词,纵穿(从空间穿过)
The soldiers went through the forest.那些士兵穿过了树林。
across
介词,横穿(横过某个平面)
He is walking across the street.他正在横穿马路。
past
介词,路过.经过
He walked past me without saying“Hello”.他经过我旁边时没有说“你好”。
over
从一边到另一边或越过某一高度
The dog jumped over the fence and ran away. 狗跳过栅栏跑了。
7.in front of,in the front of
词汇
用法
示例
in front of
“在……的前面(范围外)”
There are some trees in front of the classroom.
教室前面有一些树。
in the front of
“在……的前部(范围内)”
Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom.
我们的老师经常坐在教室的前面。
三、表方式的介词
表方式的介词用于说明动作的手段、方法、工具或行为的方式,常见的有 by, with, in, 等,具体用法和例句如下:
1. 交通工具
词汇
用法
示例
by
by+乘坐交通工具(零冠词)
I usually go to school by bike. 我通常骑自行车上学。
in/on
in/on+限定词+交通工具
We usually go to the supermarket in a car.我们通常开车去超市。
He's gone out for a ride on his bike.他骑自行车出去兜风了。
2.表示工具、材料、手段的介词(with,in,by,through与 on)
词汇
用法
示例
with
with(+限定词)+具体的工具
1. I write with a pen.我用钢笔写字。
2. She cuts the apple with a knife.她用刀子切苹果。
in
in+某种语言或材料
1. He speaks in Chinese.他用中文说话。
2. The letter was written in ink.该信件为墨水书写。
by
by+某种手段或方法(若by后接名词,名词前不加冠词;若by后接动词,则要用动词-ing形式)
1. She learns English by reading.她通过阅读学英语。
2.This sweater was knitted by hand.这件毛衣是手工编织的。
through
through +具体途径或手段
1. I know the news through my mom.我通过妈妈知道了这个消息。
2. I like to learn about the world through the Internet.我喜欢通过互联网了解世界。
on
on 常与电视、收音机、电话、网络等连用,表示“在……上/中/里”
1. He calls me on the phone.他给我打电话。
2.We watched the Spring Festival Gala on TV last night.
昨晚我们在电视上看了春晚。
四、其他常用的介词
1. besides,except,but ,except for,including
介词
用法
例句
except
意为“除……之外”,表排他含义,侧重于排除同类的人或物,指从整体中除去一部分
All students are present except Jim.
除了吉姆之外,所有的学生都出席了。(Tom没出席)
except for
意为“除……”,侧重不同类事物的排除,
表示对整体主要部分的肯定
The square is tidy except for a car.
除了一辆车之外,广场上非常整洁。(车和广场不是一类概念)
besides
意为“除……之外(还)……”,后接的人或物包含在整体之内,表示补充说明
Two others are playing football besides Tom.
除了Tom外,还有两个人正在踢足球。(共有三个人)
but
but除……之外,多与表示否定意义的词连用,表示“只有"之意
He had no choice but to get two jobs to earn money.
他别无选择,只能找两份工作挣钱维持生计。
including
意为“包括……在内”,含有补充说明之意,后常接名词(短语)或动名词(短语)
All the students in the class passed the exam, including Tom and Lily.班里所有学生都通过了考试,包括汤姆和莉莉。
2. 其他重要介词
词汇
用法
示例
against
“反对”“违背”,其反义词为for。若表示“强烈反对”,一般与副词strongly搭配
They are strongly against the idea.他们强烈反对这个意见。
强调物体之间的接触、倚靠关系。
The little girl stood against the wall quietly.小女孩静静地靠在墙上。
表 “以…… 为背景;衬托”
The red flag looks bright against the blue sky.红旗在蓝天映衬下显得格外醒目。
表 “防备;抵御”,后接可能带来威胁的人或事物。
The soldiers fought against the enemy bravely.士兵们英勇地与敌人作战。
beyond
表示范围、水平、限度、能力等“超出;多于;为……所不能及”
His bad behavior is beyond a joke.他的不良行为超出了开玩笑的范围。
about
“关于”,多用于内容和观点比较一般性的情况
What is your excuse about your being late yesterday?你昨天迟到的借口是什么?
like
“像……一样”,用于说明相似关系
He talked to me like my father.他像父亲那样跟我谈话。(他不是我父亲)
表示 “例如;诸如”(用于列举同类人或事物)
I like sports like basketball and swimming.
我喜欢运动,比如篮球和游泳。
into
“往……里(进、蹦、跳)去”,常和动词连用
Many frogs jumped into the lake.许多青蛙跳进了湖里。
with
表示伴随,也表示“和……一起”
She lives with her parents.她同父母住在一起。
With his help, I succeeded in finishing the task.在他的帮助下,我成功完成了这项任务。
具有;带有
a girl with long hair 一个长头发的女孩
without
“没有”,用作状语
He left without saying a word.他什么也没有说就离开了。
for
(1)表示目的,“为了”
She saved money for a new computer.她存钱是为了买一台新电脑。
(2)表原因、理由
Hang Zhou is famous for the West Lake.杭州以西湖闻名。
(3)表用途、对象
I bought a beautiful dress for my daughter.我给我女儿买了一条漂亮的裙子。
(4)表示交换 / 等价:以…… 为交换;换……
He sells his books for fifty yuan.他以50元的价格卖掉了他的书。
(5)表示支持 / 赞成:拥护……
All the students are for this plan.所有学生都赞成这个计划。
along
“沿着,顺着”
We walked along the street to the supermarket.我们沿着街道步行去超市。
as
“作为,以……的身份”,后跟表示职业、职务、身份的名词
We chose him as captain of our team.我们选他当我们的队长。
off
“离开,脱离”
Keep off the grass.勿踏草地。
about
表 “关于;有关”
She is talking about her new English teacher.
她正在谈论她的新英语老师。
表 “大约;大概”
There are about 50 students in our class.
我们班大约有50名学生。
五、介词短语
1. 介词+名词
例如:
1)on + 名词:
on time 准时 | on foot 步行 | on show 展出 | on duty 值日;值班 | on sale 降价出售;促销 |
on the way 在途中 | on the whole 总的来说 | on purpose 故意地 |on holiday/vacation 在度假
2)in + 名词:
in time 及时 | in trouble 陷入困境 | in a hurry 匆忙地 | in general 通常;一般来说 |
in fact 事实上;实际上 | in public 公开地;当众 | in silence 沉默地 | in turn 依次;轮流
3)at + 名词:
at first 起初;首先 | at last 最后;终于 | at once 立刻;马上 | at present 目前;现在 | at home 在家 |
at school 在上学;在学校 | at work 在工作
4)by + 名词:
by accident 偶然地 | by the way 顺便说一下 | by hand 手工 |
by mistake 错误地;无意地 | by chance 偶然;碰巧
5)for + 名词:
for example 例如 | for sure 无疑;肯定 | for fun 为了好玩;取乐 | for free 免费
6)out of + 名词:
out of breath 上气不接下气 out of service 不在服务区;有故障
out of control 失去控制,无法管理 out of danger 脱离危险
out of work 失业 out of date 过时
out of trouble 摆脱困难 out of place 不合时宜
out of sight看不见 out of reach够不着
7)under + 名词:
under control 处于控制之中 | under repair 正在修理 | under pressure 在压力之下
8)with+名词:
with confidence 有信心地 with courage英勇地
with difficulty 困难地 with fear 害怕地
with interest 有兴趣地 with joy 高兴地
with pride 骄傲地 with success 成功地
with pleasure 愉快地
2. 名词+介词
例如:
key + to :key to the door — 门的钥匙 key to the problem — 问题的关键
answer + to:answer to the question — 问题的答案
solution + to:solution to the trouble — 麻烦的解决办法
invitation + to:invitation to the party — 派对的邀请函
attention + to :pay attention to — 注意
love + for: love for parents — 对父母的爱
respect + for:respect for teachers — 对老师的尊重
interest + in:interest in English — 对英语的兴趣
difficulty + in:difficulty in learning — 学习中的困难
success + in: success in the exam — 考试中的成功
difference + between: difference between A and B — A 和 B 之间的区别
relationship + between: relationship between friends — 朋友之间的关系
reason + for: reason for being late — 迟到的原因
excuse + for: excuse for the mistake — 犯错的借口
3. 动词+介词(更多详情见“专题04 动词和动词短语”。)
1)同一动词+不同介词
例如:
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
look at 看
look for 寻找
look around 环顾四周
look after 照顾
look up 查阅;向上看
look forward to 期待
2)不同动词+同一介词
例如:worry about 为……担忧 talk about 谈论
think about 考虑 care about 关心;在乎
complain about 抱怨
4.(be)+形容词+介词
1). about
be crazy about 对…… 着迷
be worried about 对…… 感到担忧
be sure about 对…… 有把握
be careful about 对…… 小心
be excited about 对…… 感到兴奋
be happy about 对…… 感到高兴
be serious about 对…… 认真
be sorry about 对… 感到遗憾 / 抱歉
2). with
be good with 擅长…… 的;对…… 有办法
be careful with 小心 (对待)……
be angry with 生…… 的气
be patient with 对…… 有耐心
be satisfied with 对…… 感到满意
be busy with 忙于
be popular with 受欢迎
3). at
be good at 擅长
be amazed at 惊讶于……
be angry at 对…… 感到愤怒
be bad at 不擅长……
be surprised at 对…… 感到吃惊
4). of
be proud of 因…… 而自豪
be afraid of 害怕
be tired of 厌烦
be full of 充满
be short of 短缺;缺乏……
be sure of 坚信,确信
be sorry for 对…… 感到抱歉
be thankful for 对…… 感激
5). in
be interested in 对…… 感兴趣
be rich in 富含……
be dressed in 穿着……
be weak in 不擅长
be successful in 在…… 方面获得成功
6). to
be close to 接近
be able to 能够……
be similar to 与…… 相似
be harmful to 对…… 有危害
be friendly to 对…… 友好
be good to 对…… 好
be polite to 对…… 有礼貌
be useful to 对…… 有用
be kind to 对…… 友好,善待……
be important to 对…… 重要
be thankful to 感激……
be famous/known to 为…… 所熟知
7). for
be thirsty for 渴望;渴求……
be good for 对…… 有益
be famous/known for 以…… 闻名;为人知晓
be ready for 准备好……
be late for 迟到
be fit for 适合,胜任
8). from
be different from 与…… 不同
be absent from 缺席
be far from 远离
5. 其他介词短语
例如:because of 因为
instead of 而不是
according to 根据
by means of 借助;通过
in addition to 除…… 之外(还)
as a result 因此
thanks to 幸亏,由于
up to 多达,直到
in memory of 纪念
ahead of 提前,领先
with the help of 在…… 的帮助下
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广东·真题)Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables a small knife.
A.by B.for C.with
2.(2025·广州·真题) I dropped my things the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back.
A.in B.on C.from D.off
3.(2024·广州·真题)At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking 7 the penguin eggs near the rocks. He quickly drove it away.
A.above B.off C.towards D.from
4.(2025·广州·一模)She went to Westwind help.
A.on B.to C.for D.with
5.(2025·广东·一模)He never forgot the experience helping the old woman and continued spreading kindness.
A.of B.to C.with
6.(2025·广州·二模)They moved with the wind instead of fighting it.
A.with B.for C.against D.to
7.(2025·广州·二模)With agreement the boy’s parents, they bought him one.
A.to B.about C.from D.in
8.(2025·广东·二模)In 2021, Luan started preparing the marathon after learning about the sign-up.
A.at B.in C.for
二、选词填空
1.(2025·广东·真题)Every day, he can see his neighbors playing chess in the park, dancing the river or chatting in the market.
along although beauty because deep enjoy example explore new performance something under
2.(2024·广东·真题)These create a sense of community bikers. They share road information, biking experience and sometimes even meals.
always among and answer believe big but city grow seldom they whenever
3.(2025·广东·模拟)In ancient times, houses were laid in a certain way. The gate of the house would face south, with the bathroom in the northeastern part of the house.
correct out shop describe difference comfort west left say top direct one
4.(2025·广东·模拟)These bricks were later used in many of his projects, the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis Building in Shanghai.
ugly four he especial help become make include year beauty listen report
5.(2025·广东·三模)In China, Go is considered “hand conversations” as well.
use since like they directly start as full together come how methods
三、语法填空
1.(2024·深圳·真题)My teammates are international students coming different countries.
2.(2023·深圳·真题)Chinese people often greet each other by asking, “Did you eat?” instead “How are you?”
3. (2025·深圳·二模)Now, Qiu Qiu keeps posting hanfu videos English online and taking part in offline hanfu events in the US.
4.(2025·深圳·一模)The festival falls the first day of the Chinese calendar.
5.(2025·深圳·二模)Avoid wasting electricity: Turn the light when you leave a room.
6.(2025·深圳·一模)He was famous this wisdom and great contributions he made to the Ming Dynasty.
7.(2025·深圳·一模)It turned out there was a big fight Gonggong, the god of water, and Zhurong, the god of fire.
8.(2025·深圳·一模)After getting out of the British Museum, she returns to China the help of a Chinese reporter.
一、单项选择
1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast.
A.in B.of C.at D.on
2. ________ May 30, 2023, China’s manned spaceship Shenzhou XV blasted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
A.At B.In C.On D.To
3. Vincent sometimes sits ________ the river and listens to music.
A.on B.by C.over D.under
4. They arrived ________ Beijing yesterday.
A.in B.at C.on D.for
5. The student center is ________ the library and the gym.
A.across B.next C.between D.at
6.(2025·北京西城·二模)This Saturday morning, Lily and Lucy will meet ________ the gate of the Olympic Forest Park and jog together.
A.in B.on C.at D.to
7.(2025·江苏连云港·二模)Tim is so kind that he often helps the old walk ________ the busy road safely.
A.about B.across C.above D.against
8.(2025·江苏扬州·一模)If someone is ________ your way, wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.
A.in B.on C.by D.along
9. My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot.
A.by; by B.on; on C.by; on D.on; by
10.(2025·安徽·模拟预测)The eco-tourism project helps villagers earn more money ________ destroying the environment.
A.without B.with C.by D.for
11. —How could the girl complete such a great artwork only with some sand?
—Actually, she made it just ________ practicing over and over again.
A.with B.by C.for D.in
12. The boy _______ glasses is my brother.
A.wear B.wears C.with D.in
13. (2025·安徽滁州·一模)Alice’s head teacher praised her ________ making great progress in her subjects this term.
A.with B.as C.by D.for
14.(2025·四川广元·模拟预测)Everyone in the class signed up for the soccer game ________ Mike, who needed to rest his sore leg but promised to cheer for the team.
A.except B.except for C.besides D.beyond
15. I hear that Betty has another two houses ________ the flat she is living in now.
A.except B.except for C.besides D.instead of
16. _________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A.As B.For C.with D.Through
17.(2025·江苏南通·模拟预测)All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle.
A.includes B.including C.include D.included
18.(2024·安徽六安·一模)Don’t step on the grass! It is _________ the rules of the park.
A.over B.behind C.among D.against
19. It’s generous ________ Linda to donate so much money________that sick boy.
A.for;for B.of;to C.for;to D.of;for
20. The king suspected that the crown was not entirely made ________ pearls.
A.of B.from C.for D.up of
21. Many people get together with their family ________ Mid-Autumn Day.
A.on B.in C.at D.for
22. The road ________ success is not that easy, but we can make it ________ working hard.
A.to; past B.of; for C.to; by D.of; by
23.The kind-hearted woman has been helping students ________ by offering them what they need.
A.in need B.in silence C.in surprise D.in time
24. If you treat others with all your heart, you will get friendship ________.
A.in surprise B.in person C.in return D.in trouble
25. Henry keeps exercising every morning. ________, he looks healthier and healthier.
A.As a result B.In fact C.However D.Moreover
26. (2025·山东东营·中考真题)Small changes, like drinking water ________ cola, can help you lose weight.
A.ahead of B.because of C.instead of D.together with
27.(2025·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Excuse me, can you post my new ID card to me?
—Sure. You’d better sign (签名) ________ when you receive it.
A.at present B.in order C.at work D.in person
28.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)He wouldn’t allow bad moods to get ________ when he was doing his job.
A.on the way B.in the way C.along the way D.by the way
29.(2025·安徽·中考真题)We can do a lot to develop writing skills. ________, keep a diary.
A.After all B.For example C.As a result D.In a word
30. When we see a new word in an article, we can guess its meaning ________ the context.
A.instead of B.according to C.thanks to D.so that
31. Taizhou Library is best known _____ foreign books, and it’s open ______ the public from Monday to Friday.
A.as; to B.for; in C.for; to D.as; for
32. Marie Curie was talented ________ physics and chemistry.
A.about B.in C.with D.by
33. You should be careful ________ the knife when you use it.
A.of B.with C.at D.in
34.— Qiqihar has made great progress in recent years.
— Exactly! People’s living conditions have improved a lot. We are proud ________ our hometown.
A.of B.in C.for D.with
35. Tina is familiar ________ the voice. She often hears it.
A.with B.to C.in D.at
二、根据句意填入合适的介词。
1. The UN has sent armies to keep peace 1945.
2. Look left and then right before you walk the street.
3. Her family often watches films weekends
4. She tried to reach her friend phone, but the line was busy.
5. I will have a big family dinner the first day of January.
6. They like to borrow some books their friends.
7. The teacher is very patient his students.
8. If you have trouble, you can ask Mr. Green advice.
9. Tom wants to buy a book English grammar.
10. Gina’s brother arrived France last Friday.
11. The train was late, so we waited half an hour.
12. Deng Qingming, an astronaut of Shenzhou 15, achieved his dream many years’ hard work.
13. Danny’s help, I can’t finish my job in such a short time.
14. All the people went home Mr. Wang, for he had to finish his work.
15. Parents should provide a loving environment their children.
三、语法选择
(2025·广东广州·三模)Cristina Mittermeier, 1 pioneering photographer, cares about nature and wants to protect it. Her lens (镜头) inspires action and offers hope.
Mittermeier’s love for nature began early. This love led her 2 marine (海洋的) biology, a field she focused on with the dream of studying whales at 3 . But soon she saw the damaging 4 of industrial fishing, which caused a change in her career. “ 5 I wanted to do was try 6 best to call on the whole world to understand how easily the oceans can 7 .” she explained. Science, while necessary, felt not enough to influence a larger population. Photography became her chosen tool.
She has invented a form of “visual medicine”, balancing the seriousness of environmental problems with a call to action. Her ideas for 8 nature are practical and include listening to what local people know and how they live with the environment.
Mittermeier’s 9 book Hope shows her efforts in environmental protection. By working with people from all over the world to create the book, she turned it 10 a group effort instead of just her own. The book’s 130 photographs, covering twenty years, are displayed (展示) on the basis of themes 11 tell the story of life on our planet.
Through her work, Mittermeier continually 12 importance to the role of youth in reshaping the planet’s future. Visual storytelling, she argues, is 13 to encourage young people to take action quickly — by directing attention to finding means of solving problems and celebrating victories, however small.
Cristina Mittermeier’s life shows the great power of art with a purpose. Her lens catches not just what is 14 what could be, urging us all to act toward a future where people and nature can live 15 .
1.A.a B.an C.the D./
2.A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied
3.A.one B.ones C.first D.firstly
4.A.affect B.affects C.effects D.effective
5.A.What B.That C.How D.Why
6.A.I B.me C.my D.mine
7.A.are destroyed B.be destroy C.being destroyed D.be destroyed
8.A.help B.helping C.helped D.to help
9.A.late B.lateness C.latest D.lately
10.A.with B.on C.at D.into
11.A.that B.what C.how D.why
12.A.attach B.attaches C.had attached D.have attached
13.A.like B.alike C.likes D.likely
14.A.and B.but C.so D.or
15.A.peace B.peaces C.peaceful D.peacefully
四、语法填空
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have always loved music. When I was a teenager, I used 1 (dream) of becoming a rock star. But 2 (exact), my effort didn’t match my love, and soon the guitar my mother bought for me lay quietly in the corner. I had always believed that I was unable to learn a musical instrument.
Then came the lockdown (封控) of 2020. I had to stay in a hotel in Chiang Mai in Thailand with my 3 (friend) guitar. Being locked in the hotel, I had nothing to do but pick up the guitar.
I focused on how 4 (play) five of my favorite songs on the guitar. I slowly started learning how to play by 5 (follow) online classes. I have to agree that beating time was very difficult for me, 6 I didn’t give it up. I listened to the songs, focused on their rhythms and tried my best to follow them.
I practiced every morning until I found my own rhythm and developed my own style of the songs, even after the lockdown in Chiang Mai was over. Finally, 7 May 28, 2022, I gave a guitar performance to my friends. I was so nervous 8 I forgot to turn the microphone on at the 9 (begin). But when I hit the first chord (和弦), my music was cheered loudly by many people. It was my best memory of 2022.
In short, my word of the past three years is FOCUS. If you focus on your goal (目标), you 10 (be) able to surprise everyone.
五、选词填空
(2025·广东·一模)请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
nearly comfortable busy back take change and other never advice by I
Wei Jingyi is one of the first-grade students in primary schools in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. Every afternoon at school, 1 pressing the button of the chair, she is able to move its back to an almost 180-degree angle (角).
Then she enjoys sleeping on her 2 during the 30-minute lunch break. “I like our new chairs. 3 hands don’t get numb (麻木的) like before and I feel more comfortable,” Wei said.
So far, the local government has spent 4 one million yuan and provided over 1,000 sets of chairs through a healthy lunch break program. “In a survey in 2021, we found that most of the primary school students 5 a short sleep in the classroom during the lunch break. They were often in a(n) 6 position with their heads resting on the hands placed on the desk,” said Chen Xudong, a leader of the program. “Sleeping on the stomach would do harm to both the student’s study 7 their physical development. So we have to 8 the chairs. To make students more comfortable, the chairs have been improved two times according to students’ 9 .”
The program tries to provide chairs for first-grade students in primary schools till 2025 and then gradually for 10 grades.
$专题09 介词和介词短语
目录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 思维导图·网络构建 2
03 考点通关·靶向突破 3
一、表时间的介词 3
二、表地点和方位的介词 5
三、表方式的介词 8
四、其他常用的介词 9
五、介词短语 11
04 优题精选·练能提分 19
课标要求
复习目标
介词
· 掌握常见介词(in/on/at/for/with/by 等)的基本用法
· 能区分易混介词(如 in/on/at 表时间、地点的差异)
· 理解介词与其他词类的搭配逻辑
1.知识梳理:理清介词分类与核心用法,掌握高频搭配,搭建完整知识体系。
2.能力提升:在各类题型中快速识别考点,准确运用介词及短语,形成连贯解题思路。
3.易错突破:攻克易混介词与短语,通过专项训练减少失分。
4.应试提效:熟练运用解题方法,形成稳定思维,确保该考点少失分、不失分。
·
介词短语
· 熟练掌握 “动词 + 介词”“形容词 + 介词”“名词 + 介词” 等固定搭配
· 能在语境中准确识别和运用介词短语
· 区分同义 / 近义介词短语的细微差别(如 on time /in time)
命题预测
介词和介词短语主要在语法选择、选词填空、语法填空等题型中考察。
解题锦囊
在做题时,首先应该掌握所有介词的用法,在做题的时候根据下面步骤解析:
第一步:分析题干,锁定考点
观察空格前后的词汇(如动词、形容词、名词)和句子成分,判断题目是考查介词的基础用法(时间、地点、方式等),还是固定搭配(动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词、名词 + 介词)。
第二步:结合语境 / 搭配,筛选选项
若考查基础用法,对比选项介词的适用场景,结合句子的时间、地点、逻辑关系排除干扰项;
若考查固定搭配,直接匹配对应的介词短语,确认搭配的准确性。
第三步:代入验证,确定答案
将选定的介词或介词短语代入题干,通读句子,检查语法是否通顺、语义是否契合语境,避免因忽略细节导致错误。
介词是一种虚词,用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中 作定语,状语,表语和宾语补足语。
一、表时间的介词
1. at,in,on表示时间的区别
词汇
用法
示例
at
表示具体的时间点,常用于表示钟点及某些词组中
at half past five 在五点半 at 7:30在七点半 at that time在那时
at noon 在中午 at midnight在午夜
at dawn在黎明 at dusk在黄昏
at the beginning/end of 在……开始/结束时 at the age of 在……岁时
in
用于表示世纪、年、月、季节、在上午/下午/晚上/白天等
in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon在下午
in the evening 在晚上 in July 在七月
in spring在春天 in the 1990s在二十世纪九十年代
表示从现在算起到若干时间以后,意为“在……时间后”,用于一般将来时或过去将来时态
I will come back in 3 days.我将在3天后返回。
on
用于表示确定的时间,具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上或一般节日等
on the weekend在周末 on Christmas在圣诞节
on Children’s day在儿童节 on Monday morning在星期 一上午
on December 1st 2024 在2024年12月1日
on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早晨
注意
在以this,that,next,last,tomorrow,yesterday等开始的表示时间的单词或词组前不用介词。
I will go to Beijing next week.下周我将去北京。
2. for,since,from表示时间的区别
词汇
用法
示例
for
“for+一段时间”意为“已经多长时间
了”,强调某动作或状态持续了多长时间,可与过去、现在、将来等多种时态连用,谓语动词只能用延续性动词
She has worked there for four years
.她已经在那里工作4年了。
since
用作介词时,意为“自从,自……以后”,指从某一时间一直延续至今,后接时间点,通常与完成时连用
The factory has been there since spring 1989.
那家工厂自1989年春就在那里了。
用作连词,用来引导一个时间状语从句
Great changes have taken place in his hometown since he left.自从他离开以后,他的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
from
from表示开始的时间,意为“从……”
(from…to…“从……到……”),谓语可用过去、现在或将来时态
Students go to school from Monday to Friday.
学生们周一至周五上学。
3. to,past,pass表时间的区别
词汇
用法
示例
to
介词,大于30分钟时,表示“差”
ten to seven 6:50
past
介词,小于30分钟时,表示“过”
ten past six 6:10
pass
动词,表示“经过,过去”
He passed by me.他从我身边经过。
4.before和after
词汇
用法
示例
before
①指时间“在……以前”,后面一般接时间点
I will get to Australia before Friday.我将于星期五之前到达澳大利亚。
②表次序,意为“在……之前,先于”
Those with babies can get on the bus before others.
带小孩的人可以先上公共汽车。
after
指时间“在……以后”,后面接时间点或时间段均可
接时间段时,多和一般过去时连用
He came back after a few days.几天后他回来了。
接时间点时,多和一般将来时连用
I’ll call you after 4:30.四点半以后我给你打电话。
5. 其他时间介词
词汇
用法
示例
till/until
“到……为止,直到……之时,直至”
在肯定句中主句谓语动词要用延续性动词。
You’d better stay in bed till tomorrow.你最好在床上待到明天。
I shall wait until ten o’clock.我将等到10点钟。
在否定句中,not…until…“直到……才……”。
I didn’t go to bed until eleven last night.昨天晚上直到11点钟我才睡觉。
by
“不迟于;到......为止”,常与完成时连用
by then到那时,by now到目前为止
He has learned 2000 words by now.到目前为止,他已经学了 2000 个单词。
during
在…… 期间(强调时间范围)
I read a book during the holiday.我在假期里读了一本书。
(可能只在假期某几天读,不是整个假期都在读)
through
一直……,整个……,(强调自始至终)
It snowed through the night.
雪下了一整夜。(从天黑到天亮一直下,没停)
二、表地点和方位的介词
1.in,on,to,at
词汇
用法
示例
in
表示地点,意为“在……内”,用于内部
He put his hands in his pockets.他把手放进口袋。
Guangdong is in the south of China.
(广东属于中国)广东位于中国南部。
on
“在……上面”,用于表面接触,指在一个平面上
There was a carpet on the floor.地板上铺着一块地毯。
表示与某一地区接壤
Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.(广东不属于湖南,但与湖南是毗邻关系)广东在湖南的南边。
to
表示 “朝…… 方向去”(强调动作趋向)
She walked to the bus stop quickly.
她快步走向公交车站。
在…… 方向(范围之外),指两个地方不接壤。
Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国的东面。
2.表地点的介词(in与at)
词汇
用法
示例
in
in后接大地方; 也指占某物的一部分,表示“在……里”
Einstein was born in a city in southern Germany.
爱因斯坦出生在德国南部的一个城市。
at
at后接小地方;也指具体地点,表示“在某处,在某地”
at home在家 at the bus stop在公交车站
in China在中国 in the world在世界上
We live at No.36 Renmin Road.
我们住在人民路36号。
3. to, from, for
词汇
用法
示例
to
到达……地点(目的地)或方向
He came to Japan in 1980.他1980年来到日本。
from
从……地点起
The train starts from Beijing and ends at Guangzhou.
这趟列车从北京始发,终点站是广州。
for
表示目的地,"向……" for表目的时,一般都是和固定动词搭配。如 leave for, head for,start for...。
I will leave for America next week.
下周我将动身去美国。
4.above,below,over,under
词汇
用法
示例
above
“在……之上,高于……”,与物体表面不接触,表示相对高度,不一定是在正上方
The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。
below
“在……下方,低于……”,是above的反义词
The Dead Sea is below sea level.死海的海面低于海平面。
over
“在……之上”,与物体表面不接触,表示垂直之上
There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。
under
“在……下面”,是over的反义词。与物体表面不接触,表示垂直在下
There is a boat under the bridge.桥下有一艘船。
5. between,among
词汇
用法
示例
among
“在(三者或三者以上)之间”
The man who is standing among the students is Lily’s father.站在学生中间的是莉莉的父亲。
between
“在(两者)之间”,常用词组:between…and…在……与……之间
I will be back between five and six.
我将在5点到6点之间回来。
6.through,across,past,over
词汇
用法
示例
through
介词,纵穿(从空间穿过)
The soldiers went through the forest.那些士兵穿过了树林。
across
介词,横穿(横过某个平面)
He is walking across the street.他正在横穿马路。
past
介词,路过.经过
He walked past me without saying“Hello”.他经过我旁边时没有说“你好”。
over
从一边到另一边或越过某一高度
The dog jumped over the fence and ran away. 狗跳过栅栏跑了。
7.in front of,in the front of
词汇
用法
示例
in front of
“在……的前面(范围外)”
There are some trees in front of the classroom.
教室前面有一些树。
in the front of
“在……的前部(范围内)”
Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom.
我们的老师经常坐在教室的前面。
三、表方式的介词
表方式的介词用于说明动作的手段、方法、工具或行为的方式,常见的有 by, with, in, 等,具体用法和例句如下:
1. 交通工具
词汇
用法
示例
by
by+乘坐交通工具(零冠词)
I usually go to school by bike. 我通常骑自行车上学。
in/on
in/on+限定词+交通工具
We usually go to the supermarket in a car.我们通常开车去超市。
He's gone out for a ride on his bike.他骑自行车出去兜风了。
2.表示工具、材料、手段的介词(with,in,by,through与 on)
词汇
用法
示例
with
with(+限定词)+具体的工具
1. I write with a pen.我用钢笔写字。
2. She cuts the apple with a knife.她用刀子切苹果。
in
in+某种语言或材料
1. He speaks in Chinese.他用中文说话。
2. The letter was written in ink.该信件为墨水书写。
by
by+某种手段或方法(若by后接名词,名词前不加冠词;若by后接动词,则要用动词-ing形式)
1. She learns English by reading.她通过阅读学英语。
2.This sweater was knitted by hand.这件毛衣是手工编织的。
through
through +具体途径或手段
1. I know the news through my mom.我通过妈妈知道了这个消息。
2. I like to learn about the world through the Internet.我喜欢通过互联网了解世界。
on
on 常与电视、收音机、电话、网络等连用,表示“在……上/中/里”
1. He calls me on the phone.他给我打电话。
2.We watched the Spring Festival Gala on TV last night.
昨晚我们在电视上看了春晚。
四、其他常用的介词
1. besides,except,but ,except for,including
介词
用法
例句
except
意为“除……之外”,表排他含义,侧重于排除同类的人或物,指从整体中除去一部分
All students are present except Jim.
除了吉姆之外,所有的学生都出席了。(Tom没出席)
except for
意为“除……”,侧重不同类事物的排除,
表示对整体主要部分的肯定
The square is tidy except for a car.
除了一辆车之外,广场上非常整洁。(车和广场不是一类概念)
besides
意为“除……之外(还)……”,后接的人或物包含在整体之内,表示补充说明
Two others are playing football besides Tom.
除了Tom外,还有两个人正在踢足球。(共有三个人)
but
but除……之外,多与表示否定意义的词连用,表示“只有"之意
He had no choice but to get two jobs to earn money.
他别无选择,只能找两份工作挣钱维持生计。
including
意为“包括……在内”,含有补充说明之意,后常接名词(短语)或动名词(短语)
All the students in the class passed the exam, including Tom and Lily.班里所有学生都通过了考试,包括汤姆和莉莉。
2. 其他重要介词
词汇
用法
示例
against
“反对”“违背”,其反义词为for。若表示“强烈反对”,一般与副词strongly搭配
They are strongly against the idea.他们强烈反对这个意见。
强调物体之间的接触、倚靠关系。
The little girl stood against the wall quietly.小女孩静静地靠在墙上。
表 “以…… 为背景;衬托”
The red flag looks bright against the blue sky.红旗在蓝天映衬下显得格外醒目。
表 “防备;抵御”,后接可能带来威胁的人或事物。
The soldiers fought against the enemy bravely.士兵们英勇地与敌人作战。
beyond
表示范围、水平、限度、能力等“超出;多于;为……所不能及”
His bad behavior is beyond a joke.他的不良行为超出了开玩笑的范围。
about
“关于”,多用于内容和观点比较一般性的情况
What is your excuse about your being late yesterday?你昨天迟到的借口是什么?
like
“像……一样”,用于说明相似关系
He talked to me like my father.他像父亲那样跟我谈话。(他不是我父亲)
表示 “例如;诸如”(用于列举同类人或事物)
I like sports like basketball and swimming.
我喜欢运动,比如篮球和游泳。
into
“往……里(进、蹦、跳)去”,常和动词连用
Many frogs jumped into the lake.许多青蛙跳进了湖里。
with
表示伴随,也表示“和……一起”
She lives with her parents.她同父母住在一起。
With his help, I succeeded in finishing the task.在他的帮助下,我成功完成了这项任务。
具有;带有
a girl with long hair 一个长头发的女孩
without
“没有”,用作状语
He left without saying a word.他什么也没有说就离开了。
for
(1)表示目的,“为了”
She saved money for a new computer.她存钱是为了买一台新电脑。
(2)表原因、理由
Hang Zhou is famous for the West Lake.杭州以西湖闻名。
(3)表用途、对象
I bought a beautiful dress for my daughter.我给我女儿买了一条漂亮的裙子。
(4)表示交换 / 等价:以…… 为交换;换……
He sells his books for fifty yuan.他以50元的价格卖掉了他的书。
(5)表示支持 / 赞成:拥护……
All the students are for this plan.所有学生都赞成这个计划。
along
“沿着,顺着”
We walked along the street to the supermarket.我们沿着街道步行去超市。
as
“作为,以……的身份”,后跟表示职业、职务、身份的名词
We chose him as captain of our team.我们选他当我们的队长。
off
“离开,脱离”
Keep off the grass.勿踏草地。
about
表 “关于;有关”
She is talking about her new English teacher.
她正在谈论她的新英语老师。
表 “大约;大概”
There are about 50 students in our class.
我们班大约有50名学生。
五、介词短语
1. 介词+名词
例如:
1)on + 名词:
on time 准时 | on foot 步行 | on show 展出 | on duty 值日;值班 | on sale 降价出售;促销 |
on the way 在途中 | on the whole 总的来说 | on purpose 故意地 |on holiday/vacation 在度假
2)in + 名词:
in time 及时 | in trouble 陷入困境 | in a hurry 匆忙地 | in general 通常;一般来说 |
in fact 事实上;实际上 | in public 公开地;当众 | in silence 沉默地 | in turn 依次;轮流
3)at + 名词:
at first 起初;首先 | at last 最后;终于 | at once 立刻;马上 | at present 目前;现在 | at home 在家 |
at school 在上学;在学校 | at work 在工作
4)by + 名词:
by accident 偶然地 | by the way 顺便说一下 | by hand 手工 |
by mistake 错误地;无意地 | by chance 偶然;碰巧
5)for + 名词:
for example 例如 | for sure 无疑;肯定 | for fun 为了好玩;取乐 | for free 免费
6)out of + 名词:
out of breath 上气不接下气 out of service 不在服务区;有故障
out of control 失去控制,无法管理 out of danger 脱离危险
out of work 失业 out of date 过时
out of trouble 摆脱困难 out of place 不合时宜
out of sight看不见 out of reach够不着
7)under + 名词:
under control 处于控制之中 | under repair 正在修理 | under pressure 在压力之下
8)with+名词:
with confidence 有信心地 with courage英勇地
with difficulty 困难地 with fear 害怕地
with interest 有兴趣地 with joy 高兴地
with pride 骄傲地 with success 成功地
with pleasure 愉快地
2. 名词+介词
例如:
key + to :key to the door — 门的钥匙 key to the problem — 问题的关键
answer + to:answer to the question — 问题的答案
solution + to:solution to the trouble — 麻烦的解决办法
invitation + to:invitation to the party — 派对的邀请函
attention + to :pay attention to — 注意
love + for: love for parents — 对父母的爱
respect + for:respect for teachers — 对老师的尊重
interest + in:interest in English — 对英语的兴趣
difficulty + in:difficulty in learning — 学习中的困难
success + in: success in the exam — 考试中的成功
difference + between: difference between A and B — A 和 B 之间的区别
relationship + between: relationship between friends — 朋友之间的关系
reason + for: reason for being late — 迟到的原因
excuse + for: excuse for the mistake — 犯错的借口
3. 动词+介词(更多详情见“专题04 动词和动词短语”。)
1)同一动词+不同介词
例如:
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
look at 看
look for 寻找
look around 环顾四周
look after 照顾
look up 查阅;向上看
look forward to 期待
2)不同动词+同一介词
例如:worry about 为……担忧 talk about 谈论
think about 考虑 care about 关心;在乎
4.(be)+形容词+介词
1). about
be crazy about 对…… 着迷
be worried about 对…… 感到担忧
be sure about 对…… 有把握
be careful about 对…… 小心
be excited about 对…… 感到兴奋
be happy about 对…… 感到高兴
be serious about 对…… 认真
be sorry about 对… 感到遗憾 / 抱歉
2). with
be good with 擅长…… 的;对…… 有办法
be careful with 小心 (对待)……
be angry with 生…… 的气
be patient with 对…… 有耐心
be satisfied with 对…… 感到满意
be busy with 忙于
be popular with 受欢迎
3). at
be good at 擅长
be amazed at 惊讶于……
be angry at 对…… 感到愤怒
be bad at 不擅长……
be surprised at 对…… 感到吃惊
4). of
be proud of 因…… 而自豪
be afraid of 害怕
be tired of 厌烦
be full of 充满
be short of 短缺;缺乏……
be sure of 坚信,确信
be sorry for 对…… 感到抱歉
be thankful for 对…… 感激
5). in
be interested in 对…… 感兴趣
be rich in 富含……
be dressed in 穿着……
be weak in 不擅长
be successful in 在…… 方面获得成功
6). to
be close to 接近
be able to 能够……
be similar to 与…… 相似
be harmful to 对…… 有危害
be friendly to 对…… 友好
be good to 对…… 好
be polite to 对…… 有礼貌
be useful to 对…… 有用
be kind to 对…… 友好,善待……
be important to 对…… 重要
be thankful to 感激……
be famous/known to 为…… 所熟知
7). for
be thirsty for 渴望;渴求……
be good for 对…… 有益
be famous/known for 以…… 闻名;为人知晓
be ready for 准备好……
be late for 迟到
be fit for 适合,胜任
8). from
be different from 与…… 不同
be absent from 缺席
be far from 远离
5. 其他介词短语
例如:because of 因为
instead of 而不是
according to 根据
by means of 借助;通过
in addition to 除…… 之外(还)
as a result 因此
thanks to 幸亏,由于
up to 多达,直到
in memory of 纪念
ahead of 提前,领先
with the help of 在…… 的帮助下
一、语法选择
1.(2025·广东·真题)Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables a small knife.
A.by B.for C.with
【答案】C
【解析】句意:后来,当妈妈包饺子时,莉莉会用小刀帮忙切菜。
by通过;for为了;with用。根据“Lily would help cut vegetables...a small knife”可知,此处指用小刀切菜,用介词with。故选C。
2.(2025·广州·真题) I dropped my things the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back.
A.in B.on C.from D.off
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我把东西扔在海滩上,然后跳了进去。
in在里面;on在上面;from来自;off离开。根据“I dropped my things...the beach”可知,此处表示把东西扔在海滩上,on the beach“在海滩上”。故选B。
3.(2024·广州·真题)At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking 7 the penguin eggs near the rocks. He quickly drove it away.
A.above B.off C.towards D.from
【答案】C
【解析】句意:就在这时,爸爸注意到一只海鸟朝岩石附近的企鹅蛋走去。
above 在……以上,超过;off 从……离开;towards 向,朝着;from 从。根据“walking ... the penguin eggs”可知,是向企鹅蛋走去。故选C。
4.(2025·广州·一模)She went to Westwind help.
A.on B.to C.for D.with
【答案】C
【解析】句意:她去找Westwind寻求帮助。
on在……之上;to到;for为了;with和。go to sb for help“向某人寻求帮助”,固定搭配。故选C。
5.(2025·广东·一模)He never forgot the experience helping the old woman and continued spreading kindness.
A.of B.to C.with
【答案】A
【解析】句意:他从未忘记帮助老妇人的经历,并继续传播善良。
of……的;to到;with和。根据“the experience...helping the old woman”可知,此处表示“……的经历”,应用介词of。故选A。
6.(2025·广州·二模)They moved with the wind instead of fighting it.
A.with B.for C.against D.to
【答案】C
【解析】句意:它们随风而动而非对抗风。
with和;for为了;against对抗;to向。 “fight against”是固定搭配,表示“对抗;和……作斗争”,对应前文“moved with the wind”。故选C。
7.(2025·广州·二模)With agreement the boy’s parents, they bought him one.
A.to B.about C.from D.in
【答案】C
【解析】句意:经男孩父母的同意,他们给他买了床。
to到;about关于;from从,来自;in在。根据“the boy’s parents”和“they bought him one.”可知,买床要获得来自男孩父母的同意。故选C。
8.(2025·广东·二模)In 2021, Luan started preparing the marathon after learning about the sign-up.
A.at B.in C.for
【答案】C
【解析】句意:栾开始为马拉松做准备。
at在;in在……里;for为了。 “prepare for”为固定搭配(为……准备)。故选C。
二、选词填空
1.(2025·广东·真题)Every day, he can see his neighbors playing chess in the park, dancing the river or chatting in the market.
along although beauty because deep enjoy example explore new performance something under
【答案】along
【解析】句意:每天,他都能看到邻居们在公园里下棋、在河边跳舞或在市场上聊天。根据“dancing...the river”和备选词可知,此处指沿着河边跳舞,along“沿着”符合语境,故填along。
2.(2024·广东·真题)These create a sense of community bikers. They share road information, biking experience and sometimes even meals.
always among and answer believe big but city grow seldom they whenever
【答案】among
【解析】句意:这些在骑自行车的人中创造了一种社区意识。根据“These create a sense of community...bikers.”和备选词可知,这些在骑自行车的人中创造了一种社区意识,among “在……之间” 符合语境,故填among。
3.(2025·广东·模拟)In ancient times, houses were laid in a certain way. The gate of the house would face south, with the bathroom in the northeastern part of the house.
correct out shop describe difference comfort west left say top direct one
【答案】out
【解析】句意:在古代,房屋以特定方式规划布局。根据“houses were laid … in a certain way.”及备选词可知,lay out是固定短语,意为“布置;设计;规划布局”;这里用被动语态were laid out,说明古代房屋的建造布局方式。故填out。
4.(2025·广东·模拟)These bricks were later used in many of his projects, the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis Building in Shanghai.
ugly four he especial help become make include year beauty listen report
【答案】including
【解析】句意:这些砖块后来被用于他的许多项目,包括成都的水井坊博物馆和上海的诺华大厦。根据“…the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis Building in Shanghai.”可知,此处表示包括的项目,including意为“包括”,介词。故填including。
5.(2025·广东·三模)In China, Go is considered “hand conversations” as well.
use since like they directly start as full together come how methods
【答案】as
【解析】句意:在中国,围棋也被视为“手谈”。根据“is considered…‘hand conversations’”可知,此处考查短语be considered as“被认为是……”,故填as。
三、语法填空
1.(2024·深圳·真题)My teammates are international students coming different countries.
【答案】from
【解析】句意:我的队员们都是来自不同国家的国际学生。come from“来自”。故填from。
2.(2023·深圳·真题)Chinese people often greet each other by asking, “Did you eat?” instead “How are you?”
【答案】of
【解析】句意:中国人经常用“你吃了吗?”而不是“你好吗?”来互相问候。根据“instead...‘How are you?’”可知,此处考查短语instead of“代替;而不是”。故填of。
3. (2025·深圳·二模)Now, Qiu Qiu keeps posting hanfu videos English online and taking part in offline hanfu events in the US.
【答案】in
【解析】句意:现在,秋秋一直在网上发布英文汉服视频,并参加美国的线下汉服活动。in English“用英语”,是固定搭配。故填in。
4.(2025·深圳·一模)The festival falls the first day of the Chinese calendar.
【答案】on
【解析】句意:这个节日在中国农历的第一天。“fall on+日期”通常用于描述某个事件或节日适逢某一天。故填on。
5.(2025·深圳·二模)Avoid wasting electricity: Turn the light when you leave a room.
【答案】off
【解析】句意:当你离开房间时关灯。根据“Turn...the light when you leave a room.”可知,空处指“关闭”,需turn off,固定搭配。故填off。
6.(2025·深圳·一模)He was famous this wisdom and great contributions he made to the Ming Dynasty.
【答案】for
【解析】句意:他以他的智慧和对明朝做出的巨大贡献而闻名。be famous for“因……而闻名”。故填for。
7.(2025·深圳·一模)It turned out there was a big fight Gonggong, the god of water, and Zhurong, the god of fire.
【答案】between
【解析】句意:原来水神共工和火神祝融之间发生了一场大战。根据“there was a big fight...Gonggong, the god of water, and Zhurong, the god of fire”,此处指两者之间发生了大战。故填between。
8.(2025·深圳·一模)After getting out of the British Museum, she returns to China the help of a Chinese reporter.
【答案】with
【解析】句意:离开大英博物馆后,她在一名中国记者的帮助下回到了中国。根据句意和空格后的“the help of”可知,此处考查固定短语“with the help of”,意为“在……的帮助下”。故填with。
一、单项选择
1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast.
A.in B.of C.at D.on
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克早上起得很早。他经常在早餐前跑步。
考查介词词义辨析。in表示时间时,常表示在早晨、下午或晚上;of……的;at表示时间时,后跟具体时刻;on表示时间时,用于某天的前面。句中“the morning”指的是在早上,应用介词in。故选A。
2. ________ May 30, 2023, China’s manned spaceship Shenzhou XV blasted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
A.At B.In C.On D.To
【答案】C
【详解】句意:2023年5月30日,中国载人飞船神舟15号从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空。
考查介词辨析。At其后加时间点;In其后加早上、下午、晚上等;On其后加星期或具体的某天;To到。“May 30, 2023”是具体的某天,用介词on。故选C。
3. Vincent sometimes sits ________ the river and listens to music.
A.on B.by C.over D.under
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Vincent有时坐在河边,听音乐。
考查介词辨析。on在……上面;by在……旁边;over在……上方;under在……下面。sit by the river表示“坐在河边”,因此空格处应用介词by。故选B。
4. They arrived ________ Beijing yesterday.
A.in B.at C.on D.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他们昨天到达了北京。
考查介词辨析。in后接大地点;at后接小地点;on后接具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上;for后接一段时间。Beijing(北京)是大地点,所以此处应该用in,表示到达北京。故选A。
5. The student center is ________ the library and the gym.
A.across B.next C.between D.at
【答案】C
【详解】句意:学生活动中心在图书馆和体育馆之间。
考查介词辨析。across穿过;next靠近(常与to连用);between在……之间(常与and连用);at在(后接小地点)。根据“the library and the gym”可知,此处指在两者之间,要用between,故选C。
6.(2025·北京西城·二模)This Saturday morning, Lily and Lucy will meet ________ the gate of the Olympic Forest Park and jog together.
A.in B.on C.at D.to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:本周六上午,丽丽和露西将在奥林匹克森林公园门口见面并一起慢跑。
考查介词辨析。in在……里;on在……上;at在……,后加小地点;to朝向。根据“meet ... the gate of the Olympic Forest Park”可知,at the gate of ...“在……门口”。故选C。
7.(2025·江苏连云港·二模)Tim is so kind that he often helps the old walk ________ the busy road safely.
A.about B.across C.above D.against
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Tim很善良,他经常帮助老人安全地穿过繁忙的道路。
考查介词辨析。about关于;across穿过;above在……上;against反对。根据“helps the old walk...the busy road safely”可知,此处表达穿过繁忙的道路,walk across“走过”。故选B。
8.(2025·江苏扬州·一模)If someone is ________ your way, wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.
A.in B.on C.by D.along
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果有人挡了你的路,一直等到他离开而不是把他推到一边。
考查介词。in在……里面;on在……上面;by在……旁边;along沿着。此处考查短语in one’s way意为“挡路,阻碍”。故选A。
9. My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot.
A.by; by B.on; on C.by; on D.on; by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我父亲经常骑自行车去上班,但有时他步行。
考查介词。“by + 交通工具” 表示出行方式,by bike 意为“骑自行车”;“on foot”是固定短语,意为“步行”,故选C。
10.(2025·安徽·模拟预测)The eco-tourism project helps villagers earn more money ________ destroying the environment.
A.without B.with C.by D.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:生态旅游项目帮助村民在不破坏环境的情况下赚更多的钱。
考查介词辨析。without没有;with用;by通过;for为了。根据“destroying the environment.”可知,生态旅游项目帮助村民赚钱的同时没有破坏环境。故选A。
11. —How could the girl complete such a great artwork only with some sand?
—Actually, she made it just ________ practicing over and over again.
A.with B.by C.for D.in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这个女孩是如何能够只用一些沙子就完成了如此伟大的一个艺术作品?——实际上,她成功只是通过一遍又一遍的练习。
考查介词辨析。with带有,具有;by通过;for为了;in在……里面。根据“made it just...practicing over and over again”可知,一遍又一遍的练习是女孩成功的方式,故选B。
12. The boy _______ glasses is my brother.
A.wear B.wears C.with D.in
【答案】C
【详解】句意:那个戴眼镜的男孩是我弟弟。
考查介词用法。wear穿着,动词原形;wears动词三单形式;with穿着,介词,后接配饰/携带物;in穿着,介词,后接颜色/服装/材质。句子谓语为“is”,不能再用动词wear/wears,排除A和B;空后“glasses”为配饰物品,应用介词with,排除D。故选C。
13. (2025·安徽滁州·一模)Alice’s head teacher praised her ________ making great progress in her subjects this term.
A.with B.as C.by D.for
【答案】D
【详解】句意:Alice的校长因为她这个学期在功课上取得了巨大进步而表扬她。
考查介词辨析。with和……在一起,表伴随;as由于,表原因,其后接句子;by通过,表方式;for因为,表原因,其后接名词或短语。根据“Alice’s head teacher praised her…making great progress”可知,此处表示表扬的原因,应用介词for。故选D。
14.(2025·四川广元·模拟预测)Everyone in the class signed up for the soccer game ________ Mike, who needed to rest his sore leg but promised to cheer for the team.
A.except B.except for C.besides D.beyond
【答案】A
【详解】句意:班里的每个人都报名参加了足球比赛除了迈克,他需要休息他疼痛的腿,但答应为球队加油。
except除了(不包括在内);except for除了,一般用于不同类事物的排除;besides除了(还有),beyond超过。根据“who needed to rest his sore leg but promised to cheer for the team.”可知,迈克没参加比赛,迈克不属于报名的那部分人;“everyone”和“Mike”都是班级里的人,所以不适合用“except for”。故选A。
15. I hear that Betty has another two houses ________ the flat she is living in now.
A.except B.except for C.besides D.instead of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我听说贝蒂除了现在住的那套公寓外,还有另外两套房子。
考查词义辨析。except除了;except for除了;besides除……之外还有;instead of而不是。根据“Betty has another two houses ... the flat she is living in now.”可知,是指贝蒂除了现在住的那套公寓外,还有另外两套房子,用besides。故选C。
16. _________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A.As B.For C.with D.Through
【答案】C
【详解】句意:随着产量上升了60%,公司又度过了辉煌的一年。
考查介词的用法。as作连词表示伴随,后接句子;for作介词表示原因时,后面不能跟复合宾语;“with + 名词/代词 + 介词短语”构成with的复合结构;through为介词,表示通过,用在这里与语境不符。根据“production up by 60%”可知,此处“production”是名词,与后面“up by 60%”可以一起和with构成复合结构,表示伴随。故选C。
17.(2025·江苏南通·模拟预测)All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle.
A.includes B.including C.include D.included
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他的所有家人都去无锡旅行了,包括他的叔叔。
考查介词的用法。根据“All of his family”和空格后的“his uncle”可知此处应用介词including表示包括他的叔叔在内的所有家人都去旅行了。故选B。
18.(2024·安徽六安·一模)Don’t step on the grass! It is _________ the rules of the park.
A.over B.behind C.among D.against
【答案】D
【详解】句意:别践踏草坪!这是违背公园规则的。
考查介词辨析。over在……上面;behind在……后面;among在……中;against违反。由“Don’t step on the grass! ”这句带警告意味的祈使句可知,后一句表达的是“这是违背公园规则的”。be gainst“违背”。故选D。
19. It’s generous ________ Linda to donate so much money________that sick boy.
A.for;for B.of;to C.for;to D.of;for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:琳达给那个生病的男孩捐了这么多钱,真是太慷慨了。
考查介词。it’s+adj.+for/of+sb.+to do意为“某人做某事是怎样的”,当前面的形容词是来描述后面事情时用for ;前面形容词用来形容某人的人格特质时用of。空前“generous慷慨的”是来形容人格特质的,所以第一空填of;第二空表示“给那个生病的男孩捐钱”,介词to“给”,表示方向,所以第二空填to。故选B。
20. The king suspected that the crown was not entirely made ________ pearls.
A.of B.from C.for D.up of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:国王怀疑这顶王冠并非完全由珍珠制成。
考查介词辨析。be made of 表示“由……制成”,且能看出原材料;be made from 也表示“由……制成”,但看不出原材料;be made for 意为“为……而做”;be made up of 意为“由……组成”。句中“珍珠”是直接可见的原材料,应用 be made of。故选A。
21. Many people get together with their family ________ Mid-Autumn Day.
A.on B.in C.at D.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:许多人在中秋节与家人团聚。
考查介词辨析。on后常接具体的某一天;in后常接月份、季节和年份等;at后常接时间点;for为了,后常接一段时间。根据“Mid-Autumn Day”可知,中秋节那一天是具体的一天,表示在具体某一天或特定节日时使用介词on。故选A。
22. The road ________ success is not that easy, but we can make it ________ working hard.
A.to; past B.of; for C.to; by D.of; by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:通往成功的道路并不容易,但我们可以通过努力来实现它。
考查介词的用法。to到;past经过;of属于……的;for为了;by通过。“the road to...”是固定搭配,表示“通往……的道路”,此处“the road to success”即“通往成功的道路”,所以第一个空应填“to”;“by+doing”表示“通过某种方式”,“by working hard”意思是“通过努力工作”,表示实现目标的方式,所以第二个空应填“by”。故选C。
23.The kind-hearted woman has been helping students ________ by offering them what they need.
A.in need B.in silence C.in surprise D.in time
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这位善良的女士一直在帮助有需要的学生,为他们提供所需的东西。
考查介词短语。in need有需要的;in silence沉默地;in surprise惊讶地;in time及时。根据后半句“by offering them what they need”可知,帮助的对象是“有需要的学生”。故选A。
24. If you treat others with all your heart, you will get friendship ________.
A.in surprise B.in person C.in return D.in trouble
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果你全心全意对待他人,你将得到友谊作为回报。
考查介词短语辨析。in surprise惊讶地;in person亲自;in return作为回报;in trouble处于困境中。根据句意“treat others with all your heart”可知,会得到友谊作为回报,强调付出后的回应。故选C。
25. Henry keeps exercising every morning. ________, he looks healthier and healthier.
A.As a result B.In fact C.However D.Moreover
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Henry每天早上坚持锻炼。结果,他看起来越来越健康。
考查介词短语。As a result结果;In fact事实上;However然而;Moreover而且。分析前后句可知,坚持锻炼的结果是越来越健康,as a result符合语境。故选A。
26. (2025·山东东营·中考真题)Small changes, like drinking water ________ cola, can help you lose weight.
A.ahead of B.because of C.instead of D.together with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:一些小改变,比如喝水而不是喝可乐,能帮你减肥。
考查介词短语。ahead of在……之前;because of因为;instead of而不是;together with和……一起。根据“Small changes”可知,此处是用喝水代替喝可乐来达到减肥效果。故选C。
27.(2025·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Excuse me, can you post my new ID card to me?
—Sure. You’d better sign (签名) ________ when you receive it.
A.at present B.in order C.at work D.in person
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你能把我的新身份证寄给我吗?——当然。收到后,你最好亲自签收。
考查介词短语。at present目前;in order井然有序;at work在工作;in person亲自。根据“You’d better sign...”可知,指的是要亲自签收。故选D。
28.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)He wouldn’t allow bad moods to get ________ when he was doing his job.
A.on the way B.in the way C.along the way D.by the way
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他在工作时不会让坏情绪妨碍自己。
考查介词短语。on the way在路上;in the way阻碍,妨碍;along the way沿途;by the way顺便说一下。根据“He wouldn’t allow bad moods to get...when he was doing his job.”可知,应是“不会让坏情绪妨碍自己的工作”。故选B。
29.(2025·安徽·中考真题)We can do a lot to develop writing skills. ________, keep a diary.
A.After all B.For example C.As a result D.In a word
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们可以做很多事情来培养写作技能。例如,坚持写日记。
考查介词短语。After all毕竟;For example例如;As a result因此;In a word总之。根据“We can do a lot to develop writing skills. ..., keep a diary.”可知,此处是举例说明,故选B。
30. When we see a new word in an article, we can guess its meaning ________ the context.
A.instead of B.according to C.thanks to D.so that
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我们在文章中看到一个生词时,我们可以根据上下文猜测它的意思。
考查介词短语辨析。instead of而不是;according to根据;thanks to多亏了;so that以便。根据“we can guess its meaning…the context.”可知,猜测词义应基于上下文,应用“according to”。故选B。
31. Taizhou Library is best known _____ foreign books, and it’s open ______ the public from Monday to Friday.
A.as; to B.for; in C.for; to D.as; for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:泰州图书馆以外文书籍而出名,并且从周一到周五对公众开放。
考查介词辨析。as 作为;to 到;for 对于,因为;in 在里面。根据 “Taizhou Library is best known...foreign books” 可知,图书馆是因外文书籍而闻名,be known for “因…… 而出名” 符合语境,故用 for。第二空:be open to 是固定搭配,意为 “对…… 开放”。故选 C。
32. Marie Curie was talented ________ physics and chemistry.
A.about B.in C.with D.by
【答案】B
【详解】句意:居里夫人在物理和化学方面很有天赋。
考查介词辨析。about 关于;in 在…… 方面;with 和;by 被。此处是结构 “be talented in”,表示 “在…… 方面有天赋”。故选 B。
33. You should be careful ________ the knife when you use it.
A.of B.with C.at D.in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当你使用刀的时候,你应该小心使用它。
考查介词辨析。of…… 的;with 在处理某物时;at 在某地;in 在…… 里面。根据 “You should be careful...the knife when you use it.” 可知,此处应选 with,构成短语 be careful with sth.,意为 “小心某物”。故选 B。
34.— Qiqihar has made great progress in recent years.
— Exactly! People’s living conditions have improved a lot. We are proud ________ our hometown.
A.of B.in C.for D.with
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—— 齐齐哈尔近些年取得了巨大的进步。—— 确实如此!人们的生活条件改善了很多。我们为自己的家乡感到自豪。
考查固定介词搭配。of…… 的;in 在…… 里;for 为了;D. with 和…… 一起。根据 “be proud of” 为固定短语,表示 “为…… 感到骄傲”,所以 of 符合语境。故选 A。
35. Tina is familiar ________ the voice. She often hears it.
A.with B.to C.in D.at
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Tina 熟悉这个声音。她经常听到它。
考查介词辨析。with 和;to 向;in 在…… 里;at 在(某处 / 某时间点)。根据 “She often hears it.” 可判断,Tina 对这个声音很 “熟悉”。当人是主语时,应用 be familiar with... 表示 “对…… 熟悉”。故选 A。
二、根据句意填入合适的介词。
1. The UN has sent armies to keep peace 1945.
【答案】since
【详解】句意:自1945年以来,联合国一直派遣军队维持和平。根据“The UN has sent armies to keep peace”可知,该句为现在完成时,空格后为时间点,应用介词since,表示“自从”,故填since。
2. Look left and then right before you walk the street.
【答案】across
【详解】句意:过马路前,先向左看,再向右看。根据“Look left and then right before you walk…the street.”可知,此处表示过马路;walk across“穿过”,表示从物体表面横穿,符合语境。故填across。
3. Her family often watches films weekends
【答案】on/at
【详解】句意:她的家人经常在周末看电影。at/on weekends是固定搭配,意为“在周末”,可知应填on,符合语境和短语搭配要求,故填on/at。
4. She tried to reach her friend phone, but the line was busy.
【答案】by
【详解】句意:她试图通过电话联系她的朋友,但线路正忙。根据“She tried to reach her friend...phone, but the line was busy.”的语境可知,此处指“通过电话(方式)”,用固定搭配by phone,符合语境。故填by。
5. I will have a big family dinner the first day of January.
【答案】on
【详解】句意:我将会在一月的第一天吃一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐。根据“the first day of January”可知,此处指的是具体的一天,应用介词on。故填on。
6. They like to borrow some books their friends.
【答案】from
【详解】句意:他们喜欢从朋友那里借一些书。根据“borrow some books...their friends”可知,此处表达“从朋友那里借书”,“borrow sth. from sb.”是固定短语搭配,意为“从某人那里借某物”。故填from。
7. The teacher is very patient his students.
【答案】with
【详解】句意:这位老师对他的学生们非常有耐心。固定搭配“be patient with sb.”意为“对某人有耐心”,此处需要填入介词with。故填with。
8. If you have trouble, you can ask Mr. Green advice.
【答案】for
【详解】句意:如果你有问题,你可以向格林先生请教。ask sb for advice“向某人请教、向某人寻求建议”,固定搭配。故填for。
9. Tom wants to buy a book English grammar.
【答案】on/about
【详解】句意:汤姆想要买一本关于英语语法的书。表示“关于(某一主题)”要用介词on或about;English grammar意为“英语语法”。故填on或about。
10. Gina’s brother arrived France last Friday.
【答案】in
【详解】句意:吉娜的兄弟上周五抵达法国。根据“arrived... France”可知,此处是指抵达法国,由于France是国家,较大的地方,应用arrive in,其后接较大的地方,故填in。
11. The train was late, so we waited half an hour.
【答案】for
【详解】句意:火车晚点了,所以我们等了半个小时。“wait for + 一段时间”是常用搭配,意为“等待……时长”,此处“half an hour”是具体的时间段,需要用介词for。故填for。
12. Deng Qingming, an astronaut of Shenzhou 15, achieved his dream many years’ hard work.
【答案】through
【详解】句意:邓清明是神舟十五号的宇航员,他通过多年的不懈努力实现了自己的梦想。根据“achieved his dream ... many years’ hard work.”可知,是指通过多年的努力实现了梦想,用介词through“通过”。故填through。
13. Danny’s help, I can’t finish my job in such a short time.
【答案】Without
【详解】句意:没有Danny的帮助,我无法在这么短的时间内完成工作。根据“... Danny’s help, I can’t finish my job in such a short time.”可知,此处表达的是没有Danny的帮助,不可能在这么短的时间内完成工作;考查without“没有”,介词,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Without。
14. All the people went home Mr. Wang, for he had to finish his work.
【答案】except
【详解】句意:除了王先生,所有的人都回家了,因为他必须完成他的工作。根据“he had to finish his work”可推知,王先生需完成工作,因此他没有回家。由此可知,此处表示除王先生外,所有的人都回家了。介词except“除……之外”符合语境。故填except。
15. Parents should provide a loving environment their children.
【答案】for
【详解】句意:父母应该为孩子提供一个充满爱的环境。provide sth. for sth.为固定搭配,意思是“为……提供某物”。故填for。
三、语法选择
(2025·广东广州·三模)Cristina Mittermeier, 1 pioneering photographer, cares about nature and wants to protect it. Her lens (镜头) inspires action and offers hope.
Mittermeier’s love for nature began early. This love led her 2 marine (海洋的) biology, a field she focused on with the dream of studying whales at 3 . But soon she saw the damaging 4 of industrial fishing, which caused a change in her career. “ 5 I wanted to do was try 6 best to call on the whole world to understand how easily the oceans can 7 .” she explained. Science, while necessary, felt not enough to influence a larger population. Photography became her chosen tool.
She has invented a form of “visual medicine”, balancing the seriousness of environmental problems with a call to action. Her ideas for 8 nature are practical and include listening to what local people know and how they live with the environment.
Mittermeier’s 9 book Hope shows her efforts in environmental protection. By working with people from all over the world to create the book, she turned it 10 a group effort instead of just her own. The book’s 130 photographs, covering twenty years, are displayed (展示) on the basis of themes 11 tell the story of life on our planet.
Through her work, Mittermeier continually 12 importance to the role of youth in reshaping the planet’s future. Visual storytelling, she argues, is 13 to encourage young people to take action quickly — by directing attention to finding means of solving problems and celebrating victories, however small.
Cristina Mittermeier’s life shows the great power of art with a purpose. Her lens catches not just what is 14 what could be, urging us all to act toward a future where people and nature can live 15 .
1.A.a B.an C.the D./
2.A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied
3.A.one B.ones C.first D.firstly
4.A.affect B.affects C.effects D.effective
5.A.What B.That C.How D.Why
6.A.I B.me C.my D.mine
7.A.are destroyed B.be destroy C.being destroyed D.be destroyed
8.A.help B.helping C.helped D.to help
9.A.late B.lateness C.latest D.lately
10.A.with B.on C.at D.into
11.A.that B.what C.how D.why
12.A.attach B.attaches C.had attached D.have attached
13.A.like B.alike C.likes D.likely
14.A.and B.but C.so D.or
15.A.peace B.peaces C.peaceful D.peacefully
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.D
【导语】本文介绍摄影师Cristina Mittermeier,她热爱自然并致力于保护自然。她对自然的热爱促使其学习海洋生物学,后因看到工业捕鱼的破坏改变职业方向,用摄影呼吁人们关注环境问题,通过作品展示、合作等方式,借助视觉故事讲述鼓励年轻人行动,其镜头捕捉现实与可能性,推动人与自然和谐共生。
1.句意:Cristina Mittermeier,一位先锋摄影师,关心自然并想保护它。
a不定冠词;an不定冠词;the定冠词;/不填。根据“Cristina Mittermeier, … pioneering photographer, cares about nature and wants to protect it.”可知,pioneering photographer是可数名词单数,这里泛指“一位摄影师”,且pioneering以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故选A。
2.句意:这种热爱促使她学习海洋生物学。
study动词原形;to study动词不定式;studying现在分词;studied动词过去式。根据“This love led her … marine (海洋的) biology...”可知,lead sb. to do sth.“促使某人做某事”,是固定搭配。故选B。
3.句意:……这个领域她起初专注于研究鲸鱼的梦想。
one基数词;ones不定代词;first序数词;firstly副词。根据“a field she focused on with the dream of studying whales at.”可知,at first“起初;一开始”是固定短语。故选C。
4.句意:但很快她看到工业捕鱼的破坏性影响。
affect动词;affects动词三单形式;effects名词复数;effective形容词。根据“But soon she saw the damaging … of industrial fishing...”可知,damaging“破坏性的”,后接名词。故选C。
5.句意:“我想要做的是尽我最大努力呼吁全世界明白海洋多么容易被破坏。”她解释道。
What什么;That那个;How如何;Why为何。根据“… I wanted to do was try…”可知,本句为主语从句中,do缺宾语,用What引导。故选A。
6.句意:“我想要做的是尽我最大努力呼吁全世界明白海洋多么容易被破坏。”她解释道。
I主格代词;me宾格代词;my形容词性物主代词;mine名词性物主代词。根据“What I wanted to do was try … best to call on the whole world...”可知,try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”,主语是I,形容词性物主代词是my。故选C。
7.句意:“我想要做的是尽我最大努力呼吁全世界明白海洋多么容易被破坏。”她解释道。
are destroyed一般现在时被动语态;be destroy表述错误;being destroyed现在进行时被动语态;be destroyed被动语态。根据“...understand how easily the ocean can.”可知,海洋是被破坏,用被动语态be destroyed,情态动词can后接动词原形。故选D。
8.句意:她关于帮助自然的想法是切实可行的。
help动词原形;helping现在分词;helped动词过去式;to help动词不定式。根据“Her ideas for … nature are practical...”可知,for是介词,后接动名词。故选B。
9.句意:Mittermeier的最新书籍《Hope》展示了她在环境保护方面的努力。
late形容词;lateness名词;latest形容词;lately副词。根据“Mittermeier’s … book Hope shows her efforts in environmental protection.”可知,book是名词,需用形容词修饰,latest意思是“最新的”,这里修饰摄影师出的最新的书。故选C。
10.句意:通过与世界各地的人合作创作这本书,她把它变成了一种集体努力,而不仅仅是她自己的努力。
with伴随;on在……上;at在某地;into进入。根据“By working with people from all over the world to create the book, she turned it … a group effort instead of just her own.”可知,turn...into...“把……变成……”是固定短语。故选D。
11.句意:这本书的130张照片,涵盖二十年,基于讲述我们星球生命故事的主题展示。
that那个;what什么;how如何;why为何。根据“The book’s 130 photographs, covering twenty years, are displayed (展示) on the basis of themes … tell the story of life on our planet.”可知,本句为定语从句,先行词themes指物,关系词用that。故选A。
12.句意:通过她的作品,Mittermeier不断重视年轻人在重塑地球未来中的作用。
attach动词原形;attaches动词三单形式;had attached过去完成时;have attached现在完成时。根据“Through her work, Mittermeier continually … importance to the role of youth in reshaping the planet’s future.”可知,attach importance to“重视”,主语是第三人称单数,本句为一般现在时,需用动词三单形式。故选B。
13.句意:视觉故事讲述,她认为,有可能鼓励年轻人快速行动。
like动词原形;alike形容词;likes动词三单形式;likely副词。根据“Visual storytelling, she argues, is … to encourage young people to take action quickly...”可知,be likely to“有可能”,这里表示通过视觉故事讲述,可能会鼓励年轻人。故选D。
14.句意:她的镜头不仅捕捉是什么,还有可能是什么。
and并且;but但是;so如此;or或者。根据“Her lens catches not just what is … what could be...”可知,not just...but...“不仅……还……”是固定搭配。故选B。
15.句意:……呼吁我们朝着人与自然能和谐地生活的未来行动。
peace名词;peaces平静;peaceful形容词;peacefully副词。根据“...urging us all to act toward a future where people and nature can live.”可知,修饰动词live用副词。故选D。
四、语法填空
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have always loved music. When I was a teenager, I used 1 (dream) of becoming a rock star. But 2 (exact), my effort didn’t match my love, and soon the guitar my mother bought for me lay quietly in the corner. I had always believed that I was unable to learn a musical instrument.
Then came the lockdown (封控) of 2020. I had to stay in a hotel in Chiang Mai in Thailand with my 3 (friend) guitar. Being locked in the hotel, I had nothing to do but pick up the guitar.
I focused on how 4 (play) five of my favorite songs on the guitar. I slowly started learning how to play by 5 (follow) online classes. I have to agree that beating time was very difficult for me, 6 I didn’t give it up. I listened to the songs, focused on their rhythms and tried my best to follow them.
I practiced every morning until I found my own rhythm and developed my own style of the songs, even after the lockdown in Chiang Mai was over. Finally, 7 May 28, 2022, I gave a guitar performance to my friends. I was so nervous 8 I forgot to turn the microphone on at the 9 (begin). But when I hit the first chord (和弦), my music was cheered loudly by many people. It was my best memory of 2022.
In short, my word of the past three years is FOCUS. If you focus on your goal (目标), you 10 (be) able to surprise everyone.
【答案】
1.to dream 2.exactly 3.friend’s 4.to play 5.following 6.but 7.on 8.that 9.beginning 10.will be
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对音乐的热爱,以及在疫情封锁期间专注练习吉他、最终成功表演的经历,传递了“专注目标就能带来惊喜”的感悟。
1.句意:当我十几岁的时候,我曾梦想成为一名摇滚明星。“used to do sth.”是固定搭配,意为“过去常常做某事”,所以填“to dream”。故填to dream。
2.句意:但确切地说,我的努力与我的热爱并不匹配,很快妈妈给我买的吉他就静静地躺在角落里了。 根据“my effort didn’t match my love”可知,此处修饰整个句子,要用“exact”的副词形式“exactly”。故填exactly。
3.句意:我不得不和朋友的吉他一起待在泰国清迈的一家酒店里。根据“my…guitar”可知,此处修饰名词“guitar”,要用“friend”的所有格形式“friend’s”。故填friend’s。
4.句意:我专注于如何用吉他弹奏五首我最喜欢的歌曲。“how to do sth.”是固定结构,意为“如何做某事”。故填to play。
5.句意:我开始通过跟着在线课程学习弹奏。 “by doing sth.”是固定结构,意为“通过做某事”。故填following。
6.句意:我得承认,跟上节奏对我来说很难,但我没有放弃。 根据“beating time was very difficult for me…I didn’t give up”可知,此处表转折关系,用连词“but”。故填but。
7.句意:最终,在2022年5月28日,我给朋友们进行了一场吉他表演。 根据“May 28, 2022”可知,具体日期前用介词“on”。故填on。
8.句意:我太紧张了,以至于一开始忘了打开麦克风。 “so…that…”是固定搭配,意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
9.句意:我太紧张了,以至于一开始忘了打开麦克风。“at the beginning”是固定搭配,意为“一开始”,所以填“beginning”。故填beginning。
10.句意:如果你专注于你的目标,你会让所有人都感到惊喜。根据“if you focus on your goal”可知,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,主句用一般将来时“will be”。故填will be。
五、选词填空
(2025·广东·一模)请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
nearly comfortable busy back take change and other never advice by I
Wei Jingyi is one of the first-grade students in primary schools in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. Every afternoon at school, 1 pressing the button of the chair, she is able to move its back to an almost 180-degree angle (角).
Then she enjoys sleeping on her 2 during the 30-minute lunch break. “I like our new chairs. 3 hands don’t get numb (麻木的) like before and I feel more comfortable,” Wei said.
So far, the local government has spent 4 one million yuan and provided over 1,000 sets of chairs through a healthy lunch break program. “In a survey in 2021, we found that most of the primary school students 5 a short sleep in the classroom during the lunch break. They were often in a(n) 6 position with their heads resting on the hands placed on the desk,” said Chen Xudong, a leader of the program. “Sleeping on the stomach would do harm to both the student’s study 7 their physical development. So we have to 8 the chairs. To make students more comfortable, the chairs have been improved two times according to students’ 9 .”
The program tries to provide chairs for first-grade students in primary schools till 2025 and then gradually for 10 grades.
【答案】
1.by 2.back 3.My 4.nearly 5.took 6.uncomfortable 7.and 8.change 9.advice 10.other
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了江西省九江市为小学生提供可调节椅子的健康午休计划。
1.句意:每天下午在学校,通过按下椅子的按钮,她能够将椅子的靠背调整到几乎180度角。根据“Every afternoon at school ... pressing the button of the chair,”及备选词汇可知,这里表示通过按下椅子的按钮。句中“pressing the button of the chair”是动名词短语作方式状语,需要一个介词,by有“通过……方式”的意思。故填by。
2.句意:然后她在30分钟的午休时间里享受着仰躺睡觉。根据“Then she enjoys sleeping on her ... during the 30-minute lunch break.”及备选词汇可知,这里表示她在30分钟的午休时间里享受着仰躺睡觉。on one’s back是固定短语,表示“仰躺”,这里指在椅子靠背上仰躺睡觉。故填back。
3.句意:魏说:“我喜欢我们的新椅子。我的手不像以前那样麻木了,我感觉更舒服了。” 根据“... hands don’t get numb (麻木的) like before and I feel more comfortable”及备选词汇可知,这里表示我的手不像以前那样麻木了。hands是名词,前面需要形容词性物主代词来修饰,根据语境是魏说自己的手,所以用my。故填My。
4.句意:到目前为止,当地政府已经花费了将近一百万元,并通过一个健康午休项目提供了1000多套椅子。根据“So far, the local government has spent ... one million yuan and provided over 1,000 sets of chairs through a healthy lunch break program.”及备选词汇可知,这里表示当地政府已经花费了将近一百万元。副词nearly有“将近,几乎”的意思,作状语。故填nearly。
5.句意:在2021年的一项调查中,我们发现大多数小学生在午休时间会在教室里小睡一会儿。根据“In a survey in 2021, we found that most of the primary school students ... a short sleep in the classroom during the lunch break.”及备选词汇可知,这里表示大多数小学生在午休时间会在教室里小睡一会儿。根据“in a survey in 2021”可知句子时态是一般过去时,take a short sleep是“小睡一会儿”,take的过去式是took。故填took。
6.句意:他们经常处于一种不舒服的姿势,头靠在放在桌子上的手上。根据“They were often in a(n) ... position with their heads resting on the hands placed on the desk”及备选词汇可知,这里表示他们经常处于一种不舒服的姿势。position是名词,前面需要形容词修饰,根据后面描述的姿势可知是不舒服的,comfortable的反义词uncomfortable表示“不舒服的”。故填uncomfortable。
7.句意:趴着睡觉对学生的学习和身体发育都有害。根据“Sleeping on the stomach would do harm to both the student’s study ... their physical development.”及备选词汇可知,这里表示趴着睡觉对学生的学习和身体发育都有害。both...and...是固定搭配,表示“两者都”,连接并列成分。故填and。
8.句意:所以我们必须更换椅子。根据“So we have to ... the chairs.”及备选词汇可知,这里表示我们必须更换椅子。have to是情态动词,其后接动词原形,change有“改变,更换”的意思。故填change。
9.句意:为了让学生更舒服,椅子根据学生的建议已经改进了两次。根据“To make students more comfortable, the chairs have been improved two times according to students’ ...”及备选词汇可知,这里表示椅子根据学生的建议已经改进了两次。 students’是名词所有格,其后接名词,advice是不可数名词,“建议”的意思。故填advice。
10.句意:该项目试图在2025年之前为小学一年级学生提供椅子,然后逐渐为其他年级提供。根据“The program tries to provide chairs for first-grade students in primary schools till 2025 and then gradually for ... grades.”及备选词汇可知,这里表示该项目逐渐为其他年级提供。other表示“其他的”,后接名词复数。故填other。
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