内容正文:
参考答案:
1.to go
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他终于得到了出国深造的机会。a chance to do sth是习惯用法,动词不定式作后置定语。故填to go。
2.to enter
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:刘洋是第一位进入太空的中国女宇航员。分析句子结构可知,名词astronaut前面有序数词the first修饰,需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to enter。
3.to climb
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你的孩子一直在找机会从窗户爬出去。修饰名词opportunity,需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to climb。
4.to accompany
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她有一个助手帮她摆脱困境。现在她有陪伴家人的精力了。此处用不定式作后置定语修饰energy。故填to accompany。
5.to look
【详解】考查不定式。句意:我有一种强烈的冲动,想看看那些在我眼前闪现的随机事物。urge意为“冲动”,其后跟不定式作后置定语,因此空格处是不定式,故填to look。
6.to solve
【详解】考查不定式。句意:我们还没有找到解决问题的办法。way后接不定式作定语。故填to solve。
7.to fight
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我认为这是打击犯罪的最好方法。名词means表示“方法,手段”,其后常用不定式短语作后置定语,means to do...,意为“做……的方法”。故填to fight。
8.to settle
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他总是班里第一个解决问题的学生。分析句子结构可知,设空处应填不定式to settle,充当定语,修饰student。故填to settle。
9.to be solved
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动式。句意:在我们做好在月球上长期停留的准备之前,还有许多问题需要解决。结合句意可知,此处指“待解决”,表示将来的动作,用动词不定式作定语,且动词solve和problems之间是被动关系,故用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be solved。
10.to figure
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员无法控制想要解开谜团的渴望。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“control”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,应用不定式作后置定语,对抽象名词“desire”进行解释说明,“figure out”意为“弄清,想出”,故空格处应填“to figure”。故填to figure。
11.to solve
【详解】考查不定式。句意:情况如此紧急,我们必须马上想出一个有效的办法来解决问题。根据所给动词solve和空格前的名词way可知,该题是考查名词way后面的定语要用to do不定式。故填to solve。
12.to get
【详解】此处是动词不定式做后置定语,故答案为to get。
13.to arrive
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:——最后一个到的付饭钱。——同意!the last/first+名词,后常接不定式做定语。故填to arrive。
14.to do
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意:我相信将来人们在网上购物会更方便。it be+adj.+(for sb.)+to do...为固定句型,其中it是形式主语,不定式是真正的主语;分析句子可知,句中that宾语从句中使用了该句型,提示词应用不定式形式作主语。故填to do。
15.to be appointed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她成为该公司有史以来第一个被任命为董事的女性。woman前有序数词first修饰,空处应填动词不定式作后置定语,且动词appoint和woman之间是被动关系,故此处用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be appointed。
16.to reduce
【详解】考查不定式。句意:这是我们能想出的减少学生浴室里浪费水的最好的方法。分析句子可知,“we can think of”是作way的定语,所以句子主干为This is the best way to do sth.意为;这是去减少学生浴室水浪费的最好的方法,不定式作way的后置定语,所以此处应用动词不定式。故填to reduce。
【点睛】
17.to get
【详解】考查不定式。句意:他能和人相处是他的主要优势。分析句子可知,“(get) on well with people”作ability的后置定语,某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时,它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语。be able to do sth“能够作某事”,able后接不定式,故其名词形式ability后接不定式作定语,故填to get。
【点睛】
18.to defend
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他们不给他辩护的机会。分析可知,“_____ (defend) himself”为之前名词“a chance(一个机会)”的后置定语,“a chance to do sth”,固定短语,意为“做某事的机会”,动词不定式作后置定语。故填to defend。
19.to abandon
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在接到弃船的命令后,路易斯从水中救了更多的人,把他们拖进救生艇。名词order后接不定式作定语。故填to abandon。
20.to go
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。“序数词+名词”后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to go。
21.to be
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些活动看起来满足了我想成为有用的人的愿望,以及与其他人的生活建立起一种有意义的联系。空格处是后置定语,修饰desire,要用不定式。故填to be。
22.to eat
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她饿了,想在冰箱里找点事吃。分析可知,空处修饰不定代词something需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to eat。
23.to be accomplished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们希望这个项目在2018年底完成,能成为这个城市一个受欢迎的旅游景点。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词will be,accomplish应用非谓语动词形式,根据后文“by the end of 2018”可知,应用不定式表将来发生的动作,且project和accomplish构成被动关系,应用不定式的被动式to be done。故填to be accomplished。
24.to raise##of raising
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有谁能想到筹集资金的办法?a way to do/of doing sth.为固定用法,表示“做……的方法”。故填to raise/of raising。
25.to achieve
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我不得不做的事情太多了,凌晨3点出发是实现一切的唯一途径。分析句子可知用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词way。故填to achieve。
26.to arrive
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最后到的人要受到老板的批评。分析句子可知,the last后用to do不定式结构作后置定语,the last one to arrive意思为:最后一个到的。故填:to arrive。
27.to land
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:2019年,中国成为了第一个在月球背面登陆探测器—嫦娥四号—的国家。根据句子结构可知,设空处为非谓语动词作定语;country前面有序数词the first修饰,需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to land。
28.to work
【详解】考查不定式做后置定语。句意:他有做顾问的潜力。have the potential to do sth. 为固定短语,意为有做某事的潜力。结合句意此处需要不定式做potential的后置定语。故填to work。
29.to become
【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意:我的父母鼓励我立志成为一名政治家。短语in one's ambition to do,意为“有……的抱负”,不定式作后置定语,故填to become。
30.to smile
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你至少试着笑一下吧?空处修饰名词attempt,需填动词不定式作后置定语。故填to smile。
31.to be published
【详解】考查不定式。句意:他下一月将被出版的第一部书是以一个真实的故事为根据的。空格处是定语,根据next month可知是将来动作,由于publish与它所修饰的词book是被动关系,因此要用动词不定式的一般式的被动式,表将来和被动。故填to be published。
32.to buy
【详解】考查不定式。句意:他有许多要买的东西,因此他早晨起得很早就进城去了。空格处是后置定语,buy与主语He是逻辑主动关系,且表将来,因此要用动词不定式的一般式。故填to buy。
33.to escape
【详解】考查不定式。句意:由于蒸汽没有办法蒸发,茶壶就爆炸了。空格处是定语,修饰way要用不定式。故填to escape。
34.to be made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们半小时后要开会。会议上要做的决定将影响我们公司的未来。分析句子可知,“(make) at the meeting”是非谓语动词短语,作后置定语修饰名词The decision;根据前面的“We’re having a meeting in half an hour.”可知,会议还没开始,“The decision”后面的定语应用动词不定式,表示将要发生的动作;又因为make与其逻辑“The decision”之间被动关系,所以要用动词不定式的被动式,表将来和被动。故填to be made。
35.to see
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个小团体的自行车之旅是观赏华盛顿特区世界闻名的樱花树和美丽的花朵的绝佳方式。分析句子可知,空处修饰名词way使用动词不定式作定语。故填to see。
36.to ensure
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:虽然昆士兰铁路尽一切努力确保火车按预定时间运行,但火车之间或火车服务与公共汽车服务之间的连接不能得到保证。固定搭配“make every effort to do sth.”表示“尽一切努力做某事。”,所以ensure应用不定式结构,作effort的后置定语,故填to ensure。
37.to explore
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我相信我会在这里结交新朋友,在高中有很多值得探索的地方。此处作后置定语修饰a lot应用不定式。故填to explore。
38.to receive
【详解】考查不定式。句意:你是下一个接受体检的人。分析句子结构可知,设空处需填入不定式,作代词the next one的定语,表示将来的动作。故填to receive。
【点睛】
39.to expand
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:要扩张公司到海外的计划正在实施。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里需要动词不等式做后置定语,修饰名词“The plan”。故填to expand。
40.to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:每天都有令人兴奋的事情做。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词is,所以空处需要填do的非谓语动词形式。分析句意可知,空处需要填入不定式形式to do表将来,作something的后置定语。故填to do。
41.to go
【详解】考查不定式。句意:杨利伟在中国著名的原因是他是第一个进入太空的中国宇航员。分析句子可知,“(go) into space” 作后置定语,修饰the first Chinese astronaut,中心词由序数词修饰用不定式作后置定语,故填to go。
42.to be sent
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:要被派去洪灾地区的医疗队伍将于明日启程。分析句子可知,其主干结构明晰,send是非谓语动词,作The medical team的后置定语,send与被修饰词之间应该是动宾关系,应使用不定式的被动式to be+过去分词。故填to be sent。
43.to be ranked
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她是女子世界评级前50名中唯一一位加拿大女性。结合句意可知,空白处应该作后置定语修饰woman,而woman与rank之间是动宾关系(女性被评等级),应使用不定式的被动式,即to be+过去分词的结构。故填to be ranked。
44.to go
【详解】考查动词不定式作定语。句意:他是第一个出国深造的专家。分析句子成分和结构可知,句中已有系动词was,无连词,可知这是一个简单句,所以设空处是非谓语动词;根据句意可知,设空处充当定语修饰名词specialist;名词前有序数词first修饰,所以要用动词不定式作定语。故填to go。
45.to be discussed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:明天会议上要讨论的问题很重要。分析句子可知,discuss(讨论)是非谓语动词,作后置定语修饰名词The question,与其逻辑主语The question之间有被动关系,根据句中时间状语tomorrow可知,“discuss”是将要去做的事情,所以应使用动词不定式的被动式,表示将来和被动。故填to be discussed。
46.to invent
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:事实上,中国是第一个发明纸的国家。序数词修饰名词,后常用不定式作定语。根据句意,故填to invent。
47.to find
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他匆忙赶到学校,却发现没有人。根据“hurried”可知,句子已有谓语动词,故空处需要非谓语动词 。Only to do动词不定式作结果状语,表示一种意想不到的结果,译为“结果却……”,符合句意。故填to find。
48.to hold
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们学校的演讲厅足够容纳2000人。此处为固定句型:be+adj.+ enough+ to do sth.“足够......可以做某事”,不定式为结果状语。故填to hold。
49.to be told
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:放学后我们去阅览室看书,却被告知它正在装修。only to do “不料(却)……,结果(却)……”, 表示意想不到的结果。逻辑主语we与tell之间为被动关系,所以用不定式的被动语态。根据句意,故填to be told。
50.to be informed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们到了机场,却被告知由于暴风雪航班已经取消了。此处为only to do结构,不定式作结果状语,表示“不料竟会……”,且they与inform构成被动关系,应用to be done形式。故填to be informed。
51.to look
【详解】考查非谓语动词,固定句型。句意:为了养活她的孩子,她找了一份保姆的工作,照顾那些因为母亲太忙而不能照顾自己孩子的孩子。too+adj./adv.+to do表示“太……而不能……”。故填to look。
52.to answer
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:这个问题很难回答。结合结构“主语+be+形容词+to do Sth ”可知,此处应该填不定式to answer在句中作结果状语,该结构中的不定式用主动形式表被动的意义。故to answer。
53.to see
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:一项研究表明,跑步者比不跑步的人多活3年。你不需要跑得很快或很长时间就能看到好处。分析句子可知,空格处为非谓语,根据句意,此处应用动词不定式作状语,表示结果,有将来含义。故填to see。
54.to be caught
【详解】考查不定式的被动语态。句意:小偷半夜进了屋,结果被藏在那里的警察抓住了。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处动词不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果;主语thief和动词catch之间是被动关系,故应用catch的被动形式;故此处应用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be caught。
55.to stand
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:现在我足够勇敢站起来回答问题。“be+形容词+enough+to do”表示“足够……做某事”,不定式短语作结果状语,故填to stand。
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Unit 2 Natural Disasters
动词不定式作定语和结果状语
1.He finally got the chance _________ (go) abroad for further study.
2.Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut ________ (enter) the space.
3.Your child has been looking for an opportunity ________(climb) out of the window.
4.She has an assistant to help her out. Now she has the energy _______(accompany) her family.
5.I had a strong urge ________ (look) at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes.
6.We’ll have to think of a way ______(solve) the problem.
7.I think this is the best means __________(fight) crime.
8.He is always the first student ______ (settle) the problems in his class.
9.There are still many problems ________ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. (solve)
10.The researcher can’t control the desire ______ (figure) out the mystery.
11.The situation is so urgent that we must figure out an effective way ___________(solve) the problem right now.
12.Tom is always the first person ________(get) to the office.
13.—The last one________(arrive) pays the meal.
—Agreed!
14.I’m convinced that it will be more convenient for people_________ (do) some shopping online in the future.
15.She became the first woman ever __________(appoint) as director in the company.
16.This is the best way we can think of _________(reduce) the waste of water in students' bathrooms.
17.His ability ________(get) on well with people is his chief advantage.
18.They didn’t give him a chance _____(defend) himself.
19.After receiving the order ___________(abandon) ship, Louis saved more men from water, dragging them into the lifeboat.
20.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ________(go) into space.
21.These activities seemed to satisfy my desire_____ (be) useful and to feel a meaningful connection to the lives of others.
22.She was hungry and wanted to find something ________(eat) in the refrigerator.
23.We hope that this project ________(accomplish)by the end of 2018 will be a popular tourist attraction of the city.
24.Can anybody think of a way ________(raise) money?
25.There are so many things I have to do, and a 3 a.m. start is the only way ________ (achieve) everything.
26.The last one ____________ (arrive) shall be criticized by the boss.
27.In 2019, China became the first country________(land) a probe—Chang'e 4—on the far side of the moon.
28.He has the potential________ (work) as a consultant.
29.My parents encouraged me in my ambition ________(become)a statesman.
30.Will you at least make an attempt ________ (smile)?
31.His first book ________(publish) next month is based on a true story.
32.He had a lot of things ________(buy), so he arose early in the morning and went to town.
33.Since the steam had no way________(escape), the teapot exploded.
34.We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ________ (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.
35.This small group bike tour is a fantastic way ________(see) the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C.
36.While Queensland Rail makes every effort ________(ensure)trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
37.I believe I will make new friends here, and there's a lot________(explore) at senior high.
38.You are the next one________ (receive)the physical examination.
39.The plan _________ (expand) the company overseas is being carried out.
40.There is something exciting ____________ (do) every day.
41.The reason why Yang Liwei is famous in China is that he is the first Chinese astronaut ________ (go) into space.
42.The medical team ________ (send) to the flood-stricken area will start off tomorrow.
43.She is the only Canadian woman ________ (rank) in the top 50 of the women’s world rankings.
44.He was the first specialist ________ (go) abroad for further education.
45.The question ________ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is very important.
46.The fact was that China was the first country ________ (invent) paper.
47.He hurried to school only_____________ (find) nobody there.
48.The speech hall in our school is big enough __________ ( hold) 2,000 people.
49.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only ________ (tell) that it was being decorated.
50.They arrived at the airport, only ________(inform) that the flight had been cancelled due to the snowstorm.
51.To support her children, she got a job as a babysitter for children with mothers too busy ________(look) after their own children.
52.The question was very difficult ________(answer).
53.According to a study, runners live three years longer than non•runners. You don't have to run fast or for long ______ (see) the benefit.
54.The thief went into the house at midnight, only ____________(catch) by the police hiding there.
55.Now I’m brave enough ____________(stand) up and answer the question.
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