Unit 2 同步练习2025-2026学年沪教版(五四学制）英语八年级下册

2026年上海英语新教材8B Unit 2 同步练习 基础练习： 作业1(词汇) I.Write the words according to their grammatical forms(根据词性要求写出单词) 1. n.发现；发觉 v.发现；发觉 2. n.探索；勘查 v.探索 adj.未经勘查的 3. n.经济 adj.经济的；经济学的 4. n. (身体或精神上的)疾病，病 adj.生病的；不舒服的 5. adv.全部地；整个地 adj.全部的；完全的 6. n.偶然；(交通)事故；意外事件 adj.意外的；偶然的 7. v.医治；治疗 n.治疗；护理 8. adj.严重的；严肃的 adv.严重地；严肃地 9. adj.医学的；医疗的 n.药，药物；医学 Ⅱ.Translate the following phrases into English(根据汉语写出英语词组) 1.帮助传播知识 2.理解你的观点；明白你的意思 3.表达一个观点 4.详尽地 5.使……变成 6.无论怎么样 7.与……保持联系 8.转折点 9.幸亏；多亏；由于 10.偶然；意外地 11.令某人惊讶的是 12.使……变亮 Ⅲ.Complete the sentences with the phonetics(根据音标写单词，完成下列句子) 1. Jessie asks whether the /'eɪnʃənt/ Greeks won the battle through a trick. 2. School officials believe that the electronic /mə'tɪərɪəlz/ will make students enjoy learning more. 3. A gold medal was /ə'wɔ:dɪd/ to Gary for his brave actions by the organisation. 4. Why not get into the habit of reading in your /speə(r)/ time? 5. This new model of the robot can /'ha:dli/ be used in the world now. 6. The doctor put a small /tju:b/ in the patient's arm to give him medicine. IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子) 1. Why didn't you tell him the truth when he asked you about his ? (ill) 2. The published the first modern-style newspaper in 1609. (Germany) 3. You can know quite a few stories about amazing from the book. (explore) 4. It's true to the words, while the meaning is wrong. (total) 5. I want to live in the city centre.It's much to get what I need when I live there. (easy) 6. Some tourists an old water town with a long history. (discovery) 7. She reminded that even the greatest scientists failed many times before making a discovery. (she) 8. Mary was restored to health after a period of medical . (treat) V. Complete the following passage with the words in the box.Each can only be used once(将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A.skin B.invention C.method D.discover E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 1 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn't have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls(卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 2 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 3 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 4 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. 1. 2. 3. 4. Keys: 作业1(词汇) I.1.discovery;discover 2.exploration;explore;unexplored 3.economy;economic 4.illness;ill 5. totally;total 6.accident;accidental .7.treat;treatment 8.serious;seriously 9.medical;medicine Ⅱ.1.help spread knowledge 2.see your point 3.express an opinion 4.with details 5.turn..into 6.no matter how 7.keep in touch with... 8.turning point 9.thanks to 10.by accident 11.to one's surprise 12.light up Ⅲ.1.ancient 2.materials 3.awarded 4.spare 5.hardly 6.tube IV.1.illness 2.Germans 3.explorers/explorations 4.totally 5.easier 6.discovered 7.herself 8.treatment V.1.B 2.A 3.C 4.E 作业2(语法) I .Change the following sentences into exclamatory ones(将下列句子改为感叹句) 1. The little girl sings very beautifully in the school talent show. in the school talent show! 2. It is a wonderful experience to travel around the ancient town with my family. it is to travel around the ancient town with my family! 3. The scientists have made great progress in the field of AI technology recently. the scientists have made in the field of AI technology recently! 4. The students in our class finished their group project quite successfully last week. the students in our class finished their group project last week! 5. It was an exciting moment when our team won the city basketball competition. it was when our team won the city basketball competition! 6. The old man told us very interesting stories about his childhood in the countryside. the old man told us about his childhood in the countryside! 7. The teacher gave us useful advice on how to improve our English writing skills. the teacher gave us on how to improve our English writing skills! 8. Sally's mother used an encouraging voice to fill her with confidence. Sally's mother used to fill her with confidence! 9. The young inventor designed the small solar lamp very creatively. the young inventor designed the small solar lamp! 10. It is a meaningful activity to help the elderly clean their houses before the Spring Festival. it is to help the elderly clean their houses before the Spring Festival! Ⅱ.Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案完成短文) Last month, a major scientific discovery in artificial intelligence 1 the National Innovation Prize. The invention—an intelligent learning system—didn't happen 2 accident. A research team worked hard for over five years before they finally succeeded. This system is designed to help students learn more efficiently. It can process 3 pieces of learning information and spread much knowledge in a more vivid and understandable way. For example, it uses virtual reality to 4 students to “travel” inside a cell or “walk”on Mars. Teachers can use it to make 5 easier to explain difficult concepts. What's more, the system encourages students to learn by themselves.They can imagine 6 their own science projects or doing experiments in a simulated lab. It offers 7 every day—maybe a challenging maths game or an interesting historical story. 8 encouraging it is to see technology changing education! This system is even 9 than we thought. It hardly leaves any student behind—whether they learn fast 10 need more time. We're living in a wonderful time full of creativity and discoveries. Maybe one day, you will also create something important that helps people around the world! ( )1.A.awarded B.is awarded C.was awarded ( )2.A.in B.by C.on ( )3.A.thousands of B.thousand of C.several thousands of ( )4.A.allow B.make C.let ( )5.A.that B.it C.this ( )6.A.design B.to design C.designing ( )7.A.something exciting B.exciting something C.anything exciting ( )8.A.What B.How C. What an ( )9.A.powerful B.more powerful C.much powerful ( )10.A.and B.so C.or Ⅲ.Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词) 1. That successful speech turned him into a star in the company.(改为一般疑问句) that successful speech him into a star in the company? 2. Jane can hardly understand German before she wants to visit Germany.(改为反义疑问句) Jane can hardly understand German before she wants to visit Germany, ? 3. People used plants to make shoes around 7,000 BCE to protect their feet.(对画线部分提问) use plants to make shoes around 7,000 BCE? 4. We should use social media to spread useful knowledge.(对画线部分提问) use social media to spread? 5. The headmaster awarded one of the students the top prize in the contest. (改为被动 语态) One of the students the top prize in the contest by the headmaster. 6. My sister asked me,“Will you buy a bottle of milk on your way home?”(改为间接引语) My sister asked me buy a bottle of milk on my way home. 7. Steven practised his speaking ability by joining the school's speech club.(对画线部分提问) Steven practise his speaking ability? 8. The flood was too deep for people to walk through. (保持句意基本不变) The flood was people couldn't walk through it. Keys: 作业2(语法) I.1.How beautifully the little girl sings 2.What a wonderful experience 3.What great progress 4.How successfully 5.What an exciting moment 6.What interesting stories 7.What useful advice 8.What an encouraging voice 9.How creatively 10.What a meaningful activity Ⅱ.1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.C Ⅲ.1.Did;turn 2,can'she 3.Why did people 4.What should we 5.was awarded 6.whether/if I would 7.How did 8.so deep that 作业3(阅读) I.Choose the best answer(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Daisy was a teenager and she set up her own company in 2015.At that time, she was only 14. Her company could earn about 1.3 million dollars a year with the invention of a kind of super sweet. It could save kids'teeth instead of destroying them. It all began when Daisy went to a bank with her dad in 2012. At that time,a clerk in the bank gave her some sweets. However, her dad warned her that the sweets were bad for her teeth. But Daisy didn't want to miss the sweets. She said, “Why can't I make some healthy sweets?They are good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to them." With that in mind,Daisy asked her dad if she could start her own company.With her dad's permission,she spent the following three years realising her dream. Though her dad helped,it was believed that Daisy's success came from her hard work.She talked to dentists about what a healthier sweet would contain and learned more about teeth cleaning.She spent many hours a day researching online and doing experiments to get a recipe(配方)that was tasty and did no harm to the teeth.Therefore,she succeeded in making a kind of sweet only using natural materials and it can reduce the bacteria(细菌) in kids'mouths.Daisy and her father had a business meeting with a supermarket owner. He finally agreed to sell the sweets. As the sweet's success grew,Daisy became famous.With her parents'help,Daisy was generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she started her business early in life, she didn’t just want to make money.Daisy wanted to do what she could to help others find their smiles.She was generous enough to donate nearly half of the money she earned every year to an organisation called Big Smiles. With her wisdom and effort,it seems that anything could be possible. ( )1.Daisy set up her own company when she was . A.twelve B.thirteen C.fourteen D.fifteen ( )2.The underlined word“that”in paragraph 2 refers to the idea of . A. arguing with her dad in the bank B.making some healthy sweets C. asking the clerk for more sweets D.saying no to all kinds of sweets ( )3.According to Daisy,she expected from her business. A.to earn more money B.to beat other companies C.to make herself a good dentist D.to help others find smiles ( )4.The best title for the passage is“ ”. A.How to get on well with parents B.Tips for teenagers to start business C.Daisy and the super sweets D.The importance of keeping smiles Ⅱ.Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文) The Wright Brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright were famous American brothers. They owned a bicycle shop in Ohio. They loved bicycles. But they also loved the idea of flying.In 1896,they began to experiment,or try new ideas in flight. First, they started by testing kites. Then, they worked on gliders,which are planes without motors (马达). These experiments showed them how an airplane should 1 . They learned how it should rise,turn,and come back to the ground. The brothers flew their gliders at Kitty Hawk.That is a beach in North Carolina.It was very windy there. That helped their gliders take off. In 1903, they 2 a machine that they called The Flyer. It had a motor and was their first airplane.The Flyer was large and heavy. The brothers could not 3 wind to help it fly,so they built a track for it.They wheeled The Flyer along the track to help it rise. In December 903,the Wright Brothers were ready to test The Flyer. The plane lifted about ten feet off the ground. It flew over the sand for a short time.Then,it landed back on the ground.The Flyer only travelled about 120 feet (36.5 metres). 4 , it had flown! The brothers continued to work on their plane.After a while,it could stay in the air for over an hour. Other 5 followed the work of the Wright brothers. They looked for ways to improve airplanes. They helped planes fly faster and longer. They also worked to make planes 6 to fit more people.Today,hundreds of planes take to the sky each day.People fly to go across the country or across the seas. We have the Wright Brothers to thank for the first flight. ( )1.A.leave B.land C.move D.change ( )2.A.created B.controlled C.discovered D.removed ( )3.A.wait for B.deal with C.care for D.depend on ( )4.A.As a result B.However C.What's more D.Afterwards ( )5.A,methods B.ideas C.experiments D.inventors ( )6.A.warmer B.bigger C.safer D.cleaner Keys: 作业3(阅读) I.1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C Ⅱ.1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.B 作业4(写作) I.Complete the sentences(根据中文提示，完成句子) 1. A great inventor never gives up easily, (即使他失败很多次). 2. (无论那位发明家遇到什么困难),he should never lose hope. 3. The teacher made the class more organised (通过设置一些规则). 4. Taking care of a pet can help a child (变得更加独立和负责任). 5. Good communication is essential to (保持项目顺利进行). 6. Scientists often make a new discovery by observing carefully (而不是仅仅接受旧观点). 7. The invention of the steam engine (改变了历史进程)by starting the Industrial Revolution. 8. This bag (用可再生材料制成的),which is good for the environment. Ⅱ.Translate the following sentences into English(根据所给提示词将下列句子翻译成英文) 1. 许多伟大的发明，比如微波炉，实际上都是被偶然创造出来的。(by accident) 2. 令所有人惊讶的是，他那个简单的发明解决了社区的一个大问题。(to one's surprise) 3. 当我们团队在比赛中获得一等奖时，真是令人鼓舞! (how encouraging) 4. 爱迪生在发明电灯泡的过程中，失败了成千上万次。(thousands of) 5. 亚历山大 · 弗莱明偶然的发现将霉菌变成了一种救命的药物。(turn...into) 6. 暴风雨中，一道突如其来的闪电瞬间照亮了黑暗的天空。(light up) 7. 印刷术的发明是人类历史上一个重大的转折点。(turning point) 8. 她详细地分享了她的北京之旅。 (with details) 9. 老师发现化学实验正在散发出一种奇怪的气味。(find...doing) 10. 那位勇敢的士兵因从着火的房子里救出孩子而被授予奖章。 (award) Ⅲ.Writing (写作) 假设你校即将举办“科技创新设计竞赛”。请你以学生代表的身份，准备一个发言，介 绍一项你认为能改善校园或家庭生活的“小发明”。 内容要点： 1.这项发明的名称和功能； 2.它是如何工作的； 3.它会给人们的生活带来怎样的积极变化。 Keys； 作 业 4 ( 写 作 ) I.1.even if he fails many times 2.Whatever difficulties the inventor faces 3.by setting some rules 4.become more independent and responsible 5.keep the project running smoothly 6.instead of just accepting old ideas 7.changed the course of history 8.is made from recycled materials Ⅱ.1.Many great inventions,like the microwave oven,were actually made by accident. 2.To everyone's surprise,his simple invention solved a big problem for the community. 3.How encouraging it was when our team won first prize in the competition! 4.Edison failed thousands of times in the process of inventing the light bulb. 5.Alexander Fleming's accidental discovery turned mould into life-saving medicine, 6.A sudden flash of lightning lit up the dark sky instantly during the storm. 7.The invention of the printing was a major turning point in human history. 8.She shared the story of her trip to Beijing with details. 9.The teacher found the chemical experiment giving off a strange smell 10.The brave soldier was awarded a medal for saving the child from the burning house. Ⅲ.One possible version: I want to introduce a“Smart Lunchbox”.It doesn't seem like a major invention,but it can turn cold food into a warm meal in just one minute by using solar energy.This makes it possible for students to have a hot and healthy lunch at school every day.How convenient it is! It might be costly,but I believe with further development,it will become inexpensive.If I can create it,I hope it can win an award at our science competition.This small invention can truly make our daily lives better. 提高练习： I.Choose the word with a different sound(选出画线部分发音不同的单词)(共3分) ( )1.A.economy B.socialism C.bone D.total ( )2.A.malaria B.award C.habit D.material ( )3.A.wheel B.who C.whether D.what II.Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(共10分) Scientific exploration does not always follow a plan. Sometimes, the greatest discovery happens 4 accident. One day, a German scientist named Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen was surprised to see a strange light coming from a tube in his lab.How strange! This light could pass 5 black paper and even his hand, showing only the bone inside. He had discovered 6 the X-ray. This amazing finding was 7 used in medical tests to find illness, and Röentgen 8 a Nobel Prize. 9 amazing discovery it was! It made it possible to treat serious injuries more effectively after dark and without major surgery. Another life-saving discovery was penicillin. To 10 surprise, Sir Alexander Fleming found some mould growing in his lab. This mould seemed to stop the bacteria from growing. With more research, he turned this mould into a powerful medicine. This 11 changed the course of medical history. Later,a team,including a scientist who volunteered herself for the work,went on to successfully get the active part.Thanks to their hard work, penicillin has saved 12 lives from war injuries and diseases. These stories show that a single turning point,often born from curiosity about the unexpected, 13 light up the path of human progress. ( )4.A.in B.for C.by ( )5.A.with B.through C.over ( )6.A.something important B.important something C.anything important ( )7.A.wide B.widely C.wisely ( )8.A.awarded B.is awarded C.was awarded ( )9.A.What B.What an C.How ( )10.A.his B.he C.himself ( )11.A.great B.complete C.totally ( )12.A.million of B.several millions of C.millions of ( )13.A.must B.can C.should III.Complete the following passage with the words in the box.Each can only be used once( 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)(共8分) A.attractive B.tried C.surprising D.expensive E.areas There are many things in our everyday lives that have been invented accidentally. Some of these special accidents are quite 14 . For example,at first jeans were made for workers.They were very strong and didn't wear out easily.Later on,people who worked in different 15 found jeans could be used for a long time and they were fashionable and 16 . Thus, jeans became popular all over the world. The invention of the ballpoint pen was a surprise, too. Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren't clear enough. He 17 dry ink and a steel ball. Amazingly, this kind of pen could write clearly, 14. 15. 16. 17. A.mixture B.hold C.result D.colourful E.reason When you see 18 fireworks, you probably don't think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them. He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The 19 burnt and formed beautiful light. Even the ice cream cones were the 20 of an accident. Ice cream cones were invented at the 1904 World's Fair in St Louis, US. On a hot day, an ice cream vendor (小贩), had used up all of his cups to 21 ice cream. Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry (网格状糕点) with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit. 18. 19. 20. 21. IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)(共8分) 22. Don't always tell your partner what to do next.Let her solve the problem by (she) 23. People forget unimportant information in order to better remember important (detail) 24. This teacher always his students patiently.So every student likes him very much.(treatment) 25. When I was only a five-year-old boy,I was ill and needed attention all the time.(serious) 26. The teacher's words made me feel more confident before the exam. (encourage) 27. It is now realised that being able to work with other people is one of the main keys to success.(succeed) 28. Poor Danny! He injured his arm when riding his bike.(accident) 29. The wounded was taken to the local hospital by the workers.(medicine) V.Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改写句子)(共12分) 30. The teacher spread his knowledge and passion for science to his students.(改为反义疑问句) 31. The teacher awarded him a certificate for his hard work.(对画线部分提问) 32. The German scientist was surprised to see a green light coming from the tubes.(对画线部分提问) 33. The local TV station reported the news about the fire last night.(改为被动语态) 34. It is encouraging to see your invention finally work.(改为感叹句) 35. the British scientist, by, penicillin, accident, discovered(.) (连词成句) C.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答问题)(共8分) Mary Anning:the fossil(化石)hunter As a fossil scientist, Mary Anning made great contributions to her field in the 19th century. Her name is now widely known in Britain and even Europe. But that was not always the case. Anning was a talented woman. She did not receive any proper education and taught herself geology(地质学)and paleontology(古生物学). Anning grew up by the sea. At a young age, she showed great interest in studying the fossils along the coastline. Anning worked very hard. She went out in all weathers to search for fossils. At the age of 12, she uncovered a skeleton(骨架)that looked like a crocodile(鳄鱼). Then, after ten years of tireless effort,she made an amazing discovery. It was a huge fossil of something that the world had never seen before. However, many of Anning's findings disagreed with theories that had been widely accepted.What's more,at that time, people had little respect for female scientists. Anning's findings were even published without her name. During her lifetime, she was never seriously considered to be a scientist. But such troubles didn't stop Anning from making more discoveries. The woman was still keen on studying all sizes and types of fossils alongside the sea.Her discoveries helped prove the existence of some extinct animals.They formed the basis for Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species(《物种起源》). In recent years, more and more people have come to realise the importance of Anning’s work. She is now listed among the top ten British women who have greatly affected the history of science.Anning was an ambitious and hard-working woman in history. She deserves to be remembered. Task 1: 36. Mary Anning was a fossil scientist.wasn't she? 37. How did Mary Anning learn geology and paleontology? 38. What happened to her at the age of 12? 39. W hen did she discover that the skeleton was a huge fossil of something that the world had never seen before? 40. W hat did her discovery help prove? Task 2: 41. If you have a chance to interview Mary Anning, what question would you like to ask her most? Why? (In 30 words.) Keys: I.1.A 2. C 3.B II. 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.B III. 14.C 15.E 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.C 21.B IV. 22.herself 23.details 24.treats 25.seriously 26.encouraging 27.successfully 28.accidentally 29.medical V. 30.The teacher spread his knowledge and passion for science to his students,didn't he? 31.Why did the teacher award him a certificate? 32.What was the German scientist surprised to see coming from the tubes? 33.The news about the fire was reported by the local TV station last night. 34.How encouraging it is to see your invention finally work! 35.The British scientist discovered penicillin by accident. C. 36.Yes, she was. 37.She taught herself geology and paleontology. 38.At the age of 12,she uncovered a skeleton that looked like a crocodile. 39.When she was 22. 40.Her discoveries helped prove the existence of some extinct animals and formed the basis for Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species. 41.“What kept you going when facing so many difficulties?” Because her perseverance in adversity is inspiring,and knowing her motivation can encourage us when we meet challenges.(Any reasonable answer is acceptable.) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年上海英语新教材8B Unit 2 同步练习 基础练习： 作业1(词汇) I.Write the words according to their grammatical forms(根据词性要求写出单词) 1. n.发现；发觉 v.发现；发觉 2. n.探索；勘查 v.探索 adj.未经勘查的 3. n.经济 adj.经济的；经济学的 4. n. (身体或精神上的)疾病，病 adj.生病的；不舒服的 5. adv.全部地；整个地 adj.全部的；完全的 6. n.偶然；(交通)事故；意外事件 adj.意外的；偶然的 7. v.医治；治疗 n.治疗；护理 8. adj.严重的；严肃的 adv.严重地；严肃地 9. adj.医学的；医疗的 n.药，药物；医学 Ⅱ.Translate the following phrases into English(根据汉语写出英语词组) 1.帮助传播知识 2.理解你的观点；明白你的意思 3.表达一个观点 4.详尽地 5.使……变成 6.无论怎么样 7.与……保持联系 8.转折点 9.幸亏；多亏；由于 10.偶然；意外地 11.令某人惊讶的是 12.使……变亮 Ⅲ.Complete the sentences with the phonetics(根据音标写单词，完成下列句子) 1. Jessie asks whether the /'eɪnʃənt/ Greeks won the battle through a trick. 2. School officials believe that the electronic /mə'tɪərɪəlz/ will make students enjoy learning more. 3. A gold medal was /ə'wɔ:dɪd/ to Gary for his brave actions by the organisation. 4. Why not get into the habit of reading in your /speə(r)/ time? 5. This new model of the robot can /'ha:dli/ be used in the world now. 6. The doctor put a small /tju:b/ in the patient's arm to give him medicine. IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子) 1. Why didn't you tell him the truth when he asked you about his ? (ill) 2. The published the first modern-style newspaper in 1609. (Germany) 3. You can know quite a few stories about amazing from the book. (explore) 4. It's true to the words, while the meaning is wrong. (total) 5. I want to live in the city centre.It's much to get what I need when I live there. (easy) 6. Some tourists an old water town with a long history. (discovery) 7. She reminded that even the greatest scientists failed many times before making a discovery. (she) 8. Mary was restored to health after a period of medical . (treat) V. Complete the following passage with the words in the box.Each can only be used once(将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A.skin B.invention C.method D.discover E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 1 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn't have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls(卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 2 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 3 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 4 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. 1. 2. 3. 4. 作业2(语法) I .Change the following sentences into exclamatory ones(将下列句子改为感叹句) 1. The little girl sings very beautifully in the school talent show. in the school talent show! 2. It is a wonderful experience to travel around the ancient town with my family. it is to travel around the ancient town with my family! 3. The scientists have made great progress in the field of AI technology recently. the scientists have made in the field of AI technology recently! 4. The students in our class finished their group project quite successfully last week. the students in our class finished their group project last week! 5. It was an exciting moment when our team won the city basketball competition. it was when our team won the city basketball competition! 6. The old man told us very interesting stories about his childhood in the countryside. the old man told us about his childhood in the countryside! 7. The teacher gave us useful advice on how to improve our English writing skills. the teacher gave us on how to improve our English writing skills! 8. Sally's mother used an encouraging voice to fill her with confidence. Sally's mother used to fill her with confidence! 9. The young inventor designed the small solar lamp very creatively. the young inventor designed the small solar lamp! 10. It is a meaningful activity to help the elderly clean their houses before the Spring Festival. it is to help the elderly clean their houses before the Spring Festival! Ⅱ.Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案完成短文) Last month, a major scientific discovery in artificial intelligence 1 the National Innovation Prize. The invention—an intelligent learning system—didn't happen 2 accident. A research team worked hard for over five years before they finally succeeded. This system is designed to help students learn more efficiently. It can process 3 pieces of learning information and spread much knowledge in a more vivid and understandable way. For example, it uses virtual reality to 4 students to “travel” inside a cell or “walk”on Mars. Teachers can use it to make 5 easier to explain difficult concepts. What's more, the system encourages students to learn by themselves.They can imagine 6 their own science projects or doing experiments in a simulated lab. It offers 7 every day—maybe a challenging maths game or an interesting historical story. 8 encouraging it is to see technology changing education! This system is even 9 than we thought. It hardly leaves any student behind—whether they learn fast 10 need more time. We're living in a wonderful time full of creativity and discoveries. Maybe one day, you will also create something important that helps people around the world! ( )1.A.awarded B.is awarded C.was awarded ( )2.A.in B.by C.on ( )3.A.thousands of B.thousand of C.several thousands of ( )4.A.allow B.make C.let ( )5.A.that B.it C.this ( )6.A.design B.to design C.designing ( )7.A.something exciting B.exciting something C.anything exciting ( )8.A.What B.How C. What an ( )9.A.powerful B.more powerful C.much powerful ( )10.A.and B.so C.or Ⅲ.Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词) 1. That successful speech turned him into a star in the company.(改为一般疑问句) that successful speech him into a star in the company? 2. Jane can hardly understand German before she wants to visit Germany.(改为反义疑问句) Jane can hardly understand German before she wants to visit Germany, ? 3. People used plants to make shoes around 7,000 BCE to protect their feet.(对画线部分提问) use plants to make shoes around 7,000 BCE? 4. We should use social media to spread useful knowledge.(对画线部分提问) use social media to spread? 5. The headmaster awarded one of the students the top prize in the contest. (改为被动 语态) One of the students the top prize in the contest by the headmaster. 6. My sister asked me,“Will you buy a bottle of milk on your way home?”(改为间接引语) My sister asked me buy a bottle of milk on my way home. 7. Steven practised his speaking ability by joining the school's speech club.(对画线部分提问) Steven practise his speaking ability? 8. The flood was too deep for people to walk through. (保持句意基本不变) The flood was people couldn't walk through it. 作业3(阅读) I.Choose the best answer(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Daisy was a teenager and she set up her own company in 2015.At that time, she was only 14. Her company could earn about 1.3 million dollars a year with the invention of a kind of super sweet. It could save kids'teeth instead of destroying them. It all began when Daisy went to a bank with her dad in 2012. At that time,a clerk in the bank gave her some sweets. However, her dad warned her that the sweets were bad for her teeth. But Daisy didn't want to miss the sweets. She said, “Why can't I make some healthy sweets?They are good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to them." With that in mind,Daisy asked her dad if she could start her own company.With her dad's permission,she spent the following three years realising her dream. Though her dad helped,it was believed that Daisy's success came from her hard work.She talked to dentists about what a healthier sweet would contain and learned more about teeth cleaning.She spent many hours a day researching online and doing experiments to get a recipe(配方)that was tasty and did no harm to the teeth.Therefore,she succeeded in making a kind of sweet only using natural materials and it can reduce the bacteria(细菌) in kids'mouths.Daisy and her father had a business meeting with a supermarket owner. He finally agreed to sell the sweets. As the sweet's success grew,Daisy became famous.With her parents'help,Daisy was generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she started her business early in life, she didn’t just want to make money.Daisy wanted to do what she could to help others find their smiles.She was generous enough to donate nearly half of the money she earned every year to an organisation called Big Smiles. With her wisdom and effort,it seems that anything could be possible. ( )1.Daisy set up her own company when she was . A.twelve B.thirteen C.fourteen D.fifteen ( )2.The underlined word“that”in paragraph 2 refers to the idea of . A. arguing with her dad in the bank B.making some healthy sweets C. asking the clerk for more sweets D.saying no to all kinds of sweets ( )3.According to Daisy,she expected from her business. A.to earn more money B.to beat other companies C.to make herself a good dentist D.to help others find smiles ( )4.The best title for the passage is“ ”. A.How to get on well with parents B.Tips for teenagers to start business C.Daisy and the super sweets D.The importance of keeping smiles Ⅱ.Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文) The Wright Brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright were famous American brothers. They owned a bicycle shop in Ohio. They loved bicycles. But they also loved the idea of flying.In 1896,they began to experiment,or try new ideas in flight. First, they started by testing kites. Then, they worked on gliders,which are planes without motors (马达). These experiments showed them how an airplane should 1 . They learned how it should rise,turn,and come back to the ground. The brothers flew their gliders at Kitty Hawk.That is a beach in North Carolina.It was very windy there. That helped their gliders take off. In 1903, they 2 a machine that they called The Flyer. It had a motor and was their first airplane.The Flyer was large and heavy. The brothers could not 3 wind to help it fly,so they built a track for it.They wheeled The Flyer along the track to help it rise. In December 903,the Wright Brothers were ready to test The Flyer. The plane lifted about ten feet off the ground. It flew over the sand for a short time.Then,it landed back on the ground.The Flyer only travelled about 120 feet (36.5 metres). 4 , it had flown! The brothers continued to work on their plane.After a while,it could stay in the air for over an hour. Other 5 followed the work of the Wright brothers. They looked for ways to improve airplanes. They helped planes fly faster and longer. They also worked to make planes 6 to fit more people.Today,hundreds of planes take to the sky each day.People fly to go across the country or across the seas. We have the Wright Brothers to thank for the first flight. ( )1.A.leave B.land C.move D.change ( )2.A.created B.controlled C.discovered D.removed ( )3.A.wait for B.deal with C.care for D.depend on ( )4.A.As a result B.However C.What's more D.Afterwards ( )5.A,methods B.ideas C.experiments D.inventors ( )6.A.warmer B.bigger C.safer D.cleaner 作业4(写作) I.Complete the sentences(根据中文提示，完成句子) 1. A great inventor never gives up easily, (即使他失败很多次). 2. (无论那位发明家遇到什么困难),he should never lose hope. 3. The teacher made the class more organised (通过设置一些规则). 4. Taking care of a pet can help a child (变得更加独立和负责任). 5. Good communication is essential to (保持项目顺利进行). 6. Scientists often make a new discovery by observing carefully (而不是仅仅接受旧观点). 7. The invention of the steam engine (改变了历史进程)by starting the Industrial Revolution. 8. This bag (用可再生材料制成的),which is good for the environment. Ⅱ.Translate the following sentences into English(根据所给提示词将下列句子翻译成英文) 1. 许多伟大的发明，比如微波炉，实际上都是被偶然创造出来的。(by accident) 2. 令所有人惊讶的是，他那个简单的发明解决了社区的一个大问题。(to one's surprise) 3. 当我们团队在比赛中获得一等奖时，真是令人鼓舞! (how encouraging) 4. 爱迪生在发明电灯泡的过程中，失败了成千上万次。(thousands of) 5. 亚历山大 · 弗莱明偶然的发现将霉菌变成了一种救命的药物。(turn...into) 6. 暴风雨中，一道突如其来的闪电瞬间照亮了黑暗的天空。(light up) 7. 印刷术的发明是人类历史上一个重大的转折点。(turning point) 8. 她详细地分享了她的北京之旅。 (with details) 9. 老师发现化学实验正在散发出一种奇怪的气味。(find...doing) 10. 那位勇敢的士兵因从着火的房子里救出孩子而被授予奖章。 (award) Ⅲ.Writing (写作) 假设你校即将举办“科技创新设计竞赛”。请你以学生代表的身份，准备一个发言，介 绍一项你认为能改善校园或家庭生活的“小发明”。 内容要点： 1.这项发明的名称和功能； 2.它是如何工作的； 3.它会给人们的生活带来怎样的积极变化。 提高练习： I.Choose the word with a different sound(选出画线部分发音不同的单词)(共3分) ( )1.A.economy B.socialism C.bone D.total ( )2.A.malaria B.award C.habit D.material ( )3.A.wheel B.who C.whether D.what II.Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)(共10分) Scientific exploration does not always follow a plan. Sometimes, the greatest discovery happens 4 accident. One day, a German scientist named Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen was surprised to see a strange light coming from a tube in his lab.How strange! This light could pass 5 black paper and even his hand, showing only the bone inside. He had discovered 6 the X-ray. This amazing finding was 7 used in medical tests to find illness, and Röentgen 8 a Nobel Prize. 9 amazing discovery it was! It made it possible to treat serious injuries more effectively after dark and without major surgery. Another life-saving discovery was penicillin. To 10 surprise, Sir Alexander Fleming found some mould growing in his lab. This mould seemed to stop the bacteria from growing. With more research, he turned this mould into a powerful medicine. This 11 changed the course of medical history. Later,a team,including a scientist who volunteered herself for the work,went on to successfully get the active part.Thanks to their hard work, penicillin has saved 12 lives from war injuries and diseases. These stories show that a single turning point,often born from curiosity about the unexpected, 13 light up the path of human progress. ( )4.A.in B.for C.by ( )5.A.with B.through C.over ( )6.A.something important B.important something C.anything important ( )7.A.wide B.widely C.wisely ( )8.A.awarded B.is awarded C.was awarded ( )9.A.What B.What an C.How ( )10.A.his B.he C.himself ( )11.A.great B.complete C.totally ( )12.A.million of B.several millions of C.millions of ( )13.A.must B.can C.should III.Complete the following passage with the words in the box.Each can only be used once( 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)(共8分) A.attractive B.tried C.surprising D.expensive E.areas There are many things in our everyday lives that have been invented accidentally. Some of these special accidents are quite 14 . For example,at first jeans were made for workers.They were very strong and didn't wear out easily.Later on,people who worked in different 15 found jeans could be used for a long time and they were fashionable and 16 . Thus, jeans became popular all over the world. The invention of the ballpoint pen was a surprise, too. Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren't clear enough. He 17 dry ink and a steel ball. Amazingly, this kind of pen could write clearly, 14. 15. 16. 17. A.mixture B.hold C.result D.colourful E.reason When you see 18 fireworks, you probably don't think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them. He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The 19 burnt and formed beautiful light. Even the ice cream cones were the 20 of an accident. Ice cream cones were invented at the 1904 World's Fair in St Louis, US. On a hot day, an ice cream vendor (小贩), had used up all of his cups to 21 ice cream. Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry (网格状糕点) with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit. 18. 19. 20. 21. IV.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)(共8分) 22. Don't always tell your partner what to do next.Let her solve the problem by (she) 23. People forget unimportant information in order to better remember important (detail) 24. This teacher always his students patiently.So every student likes him very much.(treatment) 25. When I was only a five-year-old boy,I was ill and needed attention all the time.(serious) 26. The teacher's words made me feel more confident before the exam. (encourage) 27. It is now realised that being able to work with other people is one of the main keys to success.(succeed) 28. Poor Danny! He injured his arm when riding his bike.(accident) 29. The wounded was taken to the local hospital by the workers.(medicine) V.Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改写句子)(共12分) 30. The teacher spread his knowledge and passion for science to his students.(改为反义疑问句) 31. The teacher awarded him a certificate for his hard work.(对画线部分提问) 32. The German scientist was surprised to see a green light coming from the tubes.(对画线部分提问) 33. The local TV station reported the news about the fire last night.(改为被动语态) 34. It is encouraging to see your invention finally work.(改为感叹句) 35. the British scientist, by, penicillin, accident, discovered(.) (连词成句) C.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答问题)(共8分) Mary Anning:the fossil(化石)hunter As a fossil scientist, Mary Anning made great contributions to her field in the 19th century. Her name is now widely known in Britain and even Europe. But that was not always the case. Anning was a talented woman. She did not receive any proper education and taught herself geology(地质学)and paleontology(古生物学). Anning grew up by the sea. At a young age, she showed great interest in studying the fossils along the coastline. Anning worked very hard. She went out in all weathers to search for fossils. At the age of 12, she uncovered a skeleton(骨架)that looked like a crocodile(鳄鱼). Then, after ten years of tireless effort,she made an amazing discovery. It was a huge fossil of something that the world had never seen before. However, many of Anning's findings disagreed with theories that had been widely accepted.What's more,at that time, people had little respect for female scientists. Anning's findings were even published without her name. During her lifetime, she was never seriously considered to be a scientist. But such troubles didn't stop Anning from making more discoveries. The woman was still keen on studying all sizes and types of fossils alongside the sea.Her discoveries helped prove the existence of some extinct animals.They formed the basis for Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species(《物种起源》). In recent years, more and more people have come to realise the importance of Anning’s work. She is now listed among the top ten British women who have greatly affected the history of science.Anning was an ambitious and hard-working woman in history. She deserves to be remembered. Task 1: 36. Mary Anning was a fossil scientist.wasn't she? 37. How did Mary Anning learn geology and paleontology? 38. What happened to her at the age of 12? 39. W hen did she discover that the skeleton was a huge fossil of something that the world had never seen before? 40. W hat did her discovery help prove? Task 2: 41. If you have a chance to interview Mary Anning, what question would you like to ask her most? Why? (In 30 words.) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $