Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Writing a biography-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册教用Word(外研版)

本讲义聚焦高中英语人物传记写作核心知识点，以屠呦呦传记范文为引，系统梳理传记“引言-主体（时间顺序）-评价”的结构框架，解析时间状语、分词短语、倒装句等语言手法，通过佳句积累与莫言传记写作任务，搭建“范文分析-手法学习-实践应用”的学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过范文解构与句式仿写提升学生语言表达准确性，借助时间顺序组织内容培养逻辑思维。实例中莫言传记写作的审题谋篇、句间衔接指导，既助力课堂教学高效开展，又便于学生课后自主练习，查漏补缺，强化写作技能。

Section Ⅳ　Writing a biography Step 1　品教材范文 　　In 2015， for the first time， a Chinese scientist won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.She is Tu Youyou. 　　Born in Ningbo， Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930， Tu Youyou studied at Beijing Medical College （now Peking University Health Science Centre） from 1951 to 1955.Since 1955， she has worked at China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences as a tenured and chief researcher.In 1969， she worked as the leader of a research team aiming to discover a treatment for malaria.By 1972， she had managed to extract qinghaosu from a Chinese herb， which is very effective in fighting malaria.Fourteen years later， she obtained a New Drug Certificate for qinghaosu， issued by the Ministry of Health of China.Because of her great contribution， she was presented with the Nobel Prize at the age of 85.In 2019， she was also nominated for “The Greatest Person of the 20th Century”. Not only has she saved many people suffering from malaria， but also she has proved the effectiveness of Chinese herbs.Furthermore， she is admired because she devotes most of her time and energy to medical research. Step 2　析写作手法 学语言： 1.使用了时间状语for the first time，强调了获得此奖项的重要性。 2.使用了过去分词短语Born in Ningbo ...1930作状语，语言简洁，语义表达明确。 3.用“Since＋过去时间点（主句使用现在完成时）”进一步说明了屠呦呦的奉献精神。 4.使用现在分词短语aiming to ...for malaria作后置定语，明确指出该研究团队的目标。 5.用“By＋过去时间点（主句使用过去完成时）”说明了所取得的成绩，同时用which引导的非限制性定语从句说明了青蒿素的疗效。 6.使用了部分倒装句Not only has she ... from malaria，使句式富有变化，突出屠呦呦所做出的贡献。 学结构： Introduction：name of the person and his/her biggest achievement→Main body：major events （in time order）→Your opinion on his/her contribution Step 3　背出彩佳句 一、开门见山，介绍人物的一些个人信息 1.Known as a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty， Li Shizhen was born in 1518. 李时珍生于1518年，是明代一位著名的医学家。 2.Having a gift for writing， he made up his mind to become a writer when he grew up. 他有写作的天赋，并决心长大后成为一名作家。 二、个人的成长经历以及取得的成就 1.Li Shizhen wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu， which is a collection of Chinese herbs including over 2，000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters. 李时珍著有《本草纲目》一书，这是一本中草药的集锦，收录了2，000多种中草药，有数百万字。 2.In order to finish the task， he visited mountains， called on ordinary people， tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments by himself. 为了完成这项任务，他走访了大山，拜访了普通人，品尝各种药草，甚至亲自做试验。 3.It took him 37 years to finish the task， and his book is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine. 他花了37年才完成这一任务，他的书被认为对中医药的发展作出了巨大贡献。 三、总结概括人物形象 1.Such is Wang Xiaoping， a simple man who has made great achievements in the field of medicine. 这就是王小平，一个在医学领域取得巨大成就的普通人。 2.His story tells us that we should value what we have and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life. 他的故事告诉我们，我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的，尽我们最大的努力克服生活中的任何困难。 3.Madame Curie made great contributions to the development of science， which paved the way for further research. 居里夫人对科学的发展作出了巨大的贡献，为进一步的研究铺平了道路。 　　根据提示信息，写一篇莫言的人物传记。 姓名：莫言（管谟业） 出生日期：1955年2月17日 出生地：山东高密一个穷苦人家 兴趣爱好：自幼喜欢阅读、书法（calligraphy） 性格特征：开朗、幽默 教育经历：1986年毕业于解放军艺术学院（PLA Academy of Arts）； 1991年毕业于北京师范大学并获文学硕士学位 （Master of Arts）。 主要成就：2011年凭借《蛙》获中国最高文学奖——茅盾文学奖； 2012年获诺贝尔文学奖（Nobel Prize in Literature）。 评价：第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家，被誉为对中国文学作出巨大贡献的作家之一。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、审题谋篇，结构分明 明确体裁 人物传记 确定时态和人称 一般过去时和一般现在时为主；第三人称为主 布局文章架构 第一段：引入话题，总体介绍莫言； 第二段：介绍细节，叙述莫言的生平； 第三段：个人感受，莫言的主要成就及对他的评价 二、要点陈述，语言规范 1.1955年2月17日莫言出生于山东高密的一个贫困家庭。 　Mo Yan was born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955.　 2.莫言原名管谟业，早年对读书和书法产生了浓厚的兴趣。 　Mo Yan’s original name is Guan Moye，and he showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.　 3.此外，他不仅外向而且有很强的幽默感。 　What’s more，not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.　 4.1986年从解放军艺术学院毕业后，莫言继续深造，五年后，他从北京师范大学获得了文学硕士学位。 　After he graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.　 5.他对文学有天赋，在2011年凭借《蛙》一书获得中国最高文学奖——茅盾文学奖。 　With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.　 6.令所有中国人兴奋的是，在2012年他成为第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家，这必将为中国文学的发展作出巨大贡献。 　To all Chinese people’s excitement， in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.　 三、句间衔接，过渡自然 1.用过去分词短语作状语、whose引导非限制性定语从句改写要点1和2。 　Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.　 2.用动词-ing短语作状语改写要点4。 　Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.　 四、检查誊写，卷面整洁 　　　Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years. What’s more， not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.　 　　　Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986， Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later. With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.　 　　　To all Chinese people’s excitement，in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.　 动作描写 earn v.挣（钱） donate v.捐赠，捐献 extend v.持续，延伸 break into a smile突然笑起来 hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.犹豫 assistance n.帮助，援助→assist v.帮助 rise to one’s feet站起身来 obtain v.获得，得到 人物描写 insight n.顿悟，猛醒 disability n.残疾，残障 perseverance n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈 generous adj.慷慨的，大方的 情感描写 sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的 relief n.减轻，缓解→relieved adj.放心的，感到宽慰的 一、翻译句子 1.保罗透过窗户喊道：“快上车！” 　Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！”　 2.马克毫不犹豫地跳下自行车，坐到汽车后座上。 　Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.　 3. 在他的帮助下，马克安全了。 　With his assistance， Mac was safe.　 4. “哦，天哪，我的朋友还在修自行车！”马克喊道。 　“Oh，my god，my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.　 5. 保罗很快把车开回去了。 　Paul drove the car back quickly.　 6. 幸运的是，几分钟后，他们找到了另外两个骑自行车的人。 　Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.　 7. 马克松了一口气，对保罗说：“没有你的慷慨相助，我将成为狼的晚餐。” 　Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul， “Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.”　 8.听到这些，保罗笑了起来。 　Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.　 二、连句成篇 　　　Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！” Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.With his assistance， Mac was safe.“Oh， my god， my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.Paul drove the car back quickly.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul，“Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.” Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　Tom Gorzycki， 87， closed his Minnesota barbershop （理发店） 23 years ago， but he’s still cutting hair. 　　He offers free haircuts to locals on Tuesday mornings — with a catch： they are encouraged to contribute what they can to Arm in Arm in Africa， a Minnesota-based organization that Gorzycki and his wife， Mary， have volunteered with for several years. The non-profit supports poor communities in South Africa by providing food， healthcare and educational opportunities. In the past five years， he’s been cutting hair for free， who has raised more than 10，000 for the organization. 　　Barbering has been Gorzycki’s life for 70 years. He joined the US Navy in 1952. While on a Navy ship， Gorzycki started watching the barber on board do his job.“I would like to help， and through trial and error （不断摸索）， I got pretty good at it，” said Gorzycki. He soon became the ship’s barber. 　　In his retirement， Gorzycki and his wife focused on volunteer efforts to fill their time. The couple visited South Africa twice with the organization — in 2012 and 2015. “We were just so impressed with the people， the friendliness and the acceptance，” he added. “We’re all family now.” What surprised Gorzycki most about the South Africans he met， he said， is that “they are the most generous with what little they have”. 　　More than once， he witnessed people sharing their allotment （份额） of food with others who needed it more. “They are all poor， and yet they are willing to let go of it so somebody else can have it，”said Gorzycki. 　　“Arm in Arm in Africa is thankful for Gorzycki’s continuous contributions，” said Pat Dawson， director of the organization.“Tom’s personal giving goes far beyond his barbershop giving. Tom is just such an inspiring guy. He’s been generous and a model of the kind of person we’d love 10，000 of in our organization.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。八十七岁的老人多年坚持提供免费剪发服务，旨在筹集善款以帮助南非的贫苦人群。 1.Why has Gorzycki offered free haircuts during the past five years？（　　） A.To raise money for a charity. B.To live up to a promise to his wife. C.To help the poor in his local community. D.To draw media attention to his barbershop. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Gorzycki免费为他所在社区的人们剪发，并鼓励他们给慈善机构Arm in Arm in Africa捐钱；再根据第二段最后一句可知，在过去的五年里，Gorzycki提供免费剪发服务是为了给该慈善机构筹集善款，以帮助南非的贫苦人群。catch在本段中作名词，意为“隐藏的困难”。 2.When did Gorzycki learn how to cut hair？（　　） A.After he retired at the age of 64. B.When he served in the US Navy. C.After he met Pat Dawson for the first time. D.When he worked for Arm in Arm in Africa. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Gorzycki于1952年加入美国海军，舰船上理发师的工作吸引了他，于是他主动帮忙，后来经过不断的摸索，他也成了舰船上的理发师。由此可知，他是在美国海军服役期间学会理发的。 3.Which aspect of South Africans impressed Gorzycki most？（　　） A.Their family sizes. B.Their thirst for knowledge. C.Their willingness to share. D.Their poor living conditions. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四、五段内容可知，让Gorzycki印象最深刻的是，他所见到的南非人尽管很穷，却十分慷慨，只要有人比他们更需要（食物），他们就会分享自己仅有的一点儿（食物）。 4.What does Pat Dawson think of Gorzycki？（　　） A.He should open more barbershops. B.He sets a good example for others. C.He is a creative and talented barber. D.He should care more about himself. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在Pat Dawson看来，Gorzycki慷慨大方、有影响力，是其机构的模范典型。也就是说Gorzycki为他人树立了好榜样。 B 　　Earlier this year Rodney Smith Jr. made headlines （头条） when he drove eight hours from his home in Huntsville， Alabama， to cut the lawn （草坪） for an elderly soldier in North Carolina who couldn’t find anyone to help him with his yard work. 　　That wasn’t the first time the twenty-nine-year-old Bermuda native had gained such attention. To do his good deeds （好事）， Rodney often finds leads for those in need through social media. 　　Back to one August afternoon in 2015， Rodney Smith Jr. was driving home. That’s when Rodney saw an elderly man struggling to mow （修剪） his lawn. He would take a couple of shaky steps， using the handle to secure himself， stop， then slowly push the mower （割草机） again. Rodney decided to help. Mr Brown thanked him greatly， and Rodney went home feeling satisfied. 　　Sitting at his computer to do his homework， Rodney couldn’t get Mr Brown out of his mind. There must be many Mr Browns out there. He went online and posted that he would mow lawns for free for senior citizens. Messages flooded in. 　　One day a cancer-battling woman said she wasn’t having a good day. Rodney decided to do more than mowing lawns. After he finished mowing， he knocked on her door. “You’re going to win this fight， Madam，” he said. Then he asked folks to pray for her on social media. 　　Word of Rodney’s mission spread. A grandmother in Ohio said he’d encouraged her 12-year-old grandson to mow lawns. He got a letter from a seven-year-old boy in Kansas. “Mr Rodney， I would like to be a part of your program， and I’ll make you proud，” he wrote. 　　That gave Rodney an idea. In 2017， he decided to establish a programme Raising Men Lawn Care Service to make a national movement for young people. The kids learn the joy of giving back. 　　Yard work seems like a small， simple thing， but taking care of the lawn means a lot to the people they do it for. “When we mow their yards for free， they can use the money for healthcare and food etc. It means more than you would think，” Rodney said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rodney Smith Jr.免费为有需求的老年人修剪草坪，对他们的生活产生了积极影响的故事。 5.Rodney drew attention for his 　　　　.（　　） A.mowing skills　　　 B.dream C.driving distance　 D.generosity 解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章前两段内容可知，Rodney引起大家的关注是因为他总是为有需求的人无私提供帮助。 6.Why did Rodney knock on a lady’s door？（　　） A.To comfort her. B.To pray for her. C.To share gardening tips. D.To ask about her health. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第五段中Rodney说的话可知，Rodney敲开女士的房门，是为了鼓励她，安慰她。 7.Where do Rodney’s decisions of mowing lawns for free come from？（　　） A.Social media.　 B.Personal success. C.Daily inspiration.　 D.People’s courage. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，Rodney帮布朗先生修剪了草坪，然后联想到还有很多像布朗先生一样无法自己修剪草坪的人，于是他决定免费为老年人修剪草坪，所以他的决定来自日常生活的灵感。 8.What is the best title for the passage？（　　） A.Giving Free， Gaining Fortune B.Mowing a Lawn， Making a Life C.Serving the Senior， Satisfying the Self D.Changing a Little， Challenging the Limits 解析：B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Rodney免费为有需求的老年人修剪草坪，对他们的生活产生了积极影响。 因此，B项最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　When you hear the word “integrity”， it can feel weighty. In simple words， integrity means sticking to values and morals.9.（　　） So let’s get started. 　　You build better relationships. 　　10.（　　） The best benefit of having integrity is because you are honest with whomever you meet， you build effective relationships with others， including your family and your classmates. When you have integrity， you will naturally get high-quality relationships. 　　Your credibility （信誉） increases. 　　Without question， integrity increases your credibility a lot. 11.（　　） It is in people’s nature to believe in someone who has moral values and ethics （道德标准）. You basically become a man of your word. 　　Your level of confidence increases. 　　When you have integrity， your level of confidence automatically increases. Without integrity， you will find it uncomfortable to be honest with yourself， so it’s hard to figure out just where you are within yourself. Naturally， your self-confidence drops.12.（　　） 　　You get leadership skills. 　　When people start trusting you， you get leadership abilities.13.（　　） Leadership is not only one of the finest qualities that a person can possess， but also an important life skill that youth should learn in their development. A.When you have integrity， you sleep well at night. B.Integrity is very important to improving your relationships. C.People start putting their trust in you when you have integrity. D.A person with integrity becomes a natural inspiration to others. E.All in all， integrity makes you feel very sure about the person you are. F.In order to get success in life， one should know why integrity is important. G.This is the reason why you will see that most leaders are people who have integrity. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因。 9.F　设空处在文中起承上启下的作用。上文介绍了诚实正直的含义，下面几段说明了拥有诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因，故F项符合语境。 10.B　本段小标题“你会建立更好的关系”概括了本段的主要内容。故B项（诚实正直的品质对于改善人际关系非常重要）符合语境。 11.C　空前一句说，毫无疑问的是，诚实正直的品质会大大提高你的信誉。空后一句指出，信任拥有道德价值和道德标准的人是人类的天性。C项（当你拥有诚实正直的价值观时，人们就会开始信任你）符合语境。 12.E　上文指出，如果你是一个诚实正直的人，那么你的自信心自然会变强。反之，自信心就会下降。E项（总之，诚实正直的品质能让你对自己充满信心）符合语境。 13.G　上文说明了当人们开始信任你时，你就拥有了领导力。下文指出了领导力不仅仅是最优秀的品质之一，也是年轻人在成长过程中应该学习的一项重要生活技能。G项（这就是为什么你会发现大多数领导者都是诚实正直的人）符合语境。 Ⅲ.完形填空 　　Hansen and his 10-year-old son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch.They started Project Empathy （共情） four years ago to 　14　 a meal， listen to their stories and figured out how they could 　15　 help. 　　“Just start with a smile， a hello.It really just starts with that.If you do it， you can make a connection.A small gesture can have a 　16　 impact on others less fortunate，” Hansen 　17　 in an interview. 　　Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger 　18　.Ward， a homeless， was 　19　 in a flat.He credited the Hansens with helping him 　20　 the difficult process of moving off the streets.“It is great to have friends who make us feel 　21　 and I’m impressed with the pair，” Ward said. 　　Father and son’s 　22　 have developed into a passion project that 　23　 faith and community， which emphasizes the 　24　 community members can have in uplifting the homeless.They know they can’t settle the homeless 　25　 alone.They’re hoping Empathy will 　26　. 　　“My hope for the future is to 　27　 more connections across our country.We could and we will succeed 　28　 we have other people join in and help the homeless，” Chase said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hansen父子成立“共情”项目帮助无家可归者的故事。 14.A.buy　　　　　　　　　 B.cook C.share　 D.eat 解析：C　根据下文Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger 　18　.可知，此处用share符合语境，share是原词复现。 15.A.often　 B.further C.also　 D.even 解析：B　结合上下文可知，除了给那些无家可归的人分享食物和听他们讲述自己的事情外，父子俩想出如何为他们提供进一步的帮助。 16.A.dramatic　 B.different C.minimum　 D.decisive 解析：A　根据上下文可知，此处指一个小小的动作能给那些不幸的人带来巨大的影响。 17.A.remarked　 B.praised C.joked　 D.quoted 解析：A　此处用了Hansen采访时说的一段话。 18.A.desires　 B.connections C.motivations　 D.opinions 解析：B　根据上文If you do it， you can make a connection.可知，此处用connections符合语境，connection是原词复现。 19.A.provided　 B.permitted C.abandoned　 D.housed 解析：D　结合上下文可知，此处是指Hansen父子给Ward提供了一间公寓来居住。 20.A.through　 B.for C.despite　 D.to 解析：A　根据句意可知，此处考查固定用法help sb through“帮某人渡过难关”。 21.A.surprised　 B.relaxed C.awesome　 D.calm 解析：C　结合上下文可知，Hansen父子帮助无家可归的人，和他们分享食物、给他们提供住所等，这让他们感觉非常好。 22.A.dreams　 B.influences C.experiences　 D.efforts 解析：D　结合上下文可知，此处是指父子俩帮助无家可归的人的努力影响了周围的人。 23.A.assesses　 B.compares C.highlights　 D.respects 解析：C　根据下文which emphasizes the 　24　 community members can have in uplifting the homeless可知，此处用highlights符合语境，highlight和emphasize是同义词复现。 24.A.importance　 B.task C.chance　 D.role 解析：D　结合上下文可知，此处是指社区的每个成员都可以帮助无家可归的人，即每个人都可以充当帮助别人的角色。 25.A.argument　 B.problem C.debt　 D.conflict 解析：B　根据常识可知，无家可归是一个社会问题。 26.A.go away　 B.catch on C.fade out　 D.give off 解析：B　根据上文They know they can’t settle the homeless 　25　 alone.可推测，他们希望“共情”这个项目可以变得流行，这样可以让更多的人来帮助无家可归者。 27.A.spread　 B.miss C.exchange　 D.maintain 解析：A　根据下文across our country可知，此处用spread符合语境。 28.A.before　 B.if C.until　 D.so 解析：B　根据句意可知，此处用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。 Ⅳ.语法填空 　　Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he 29.　　　　　　 （notice） a car was stuck on railroad tracks.Then he heard a train whistle.Sammy threw down his sunglasses and keys and ran towards the car.30.　　　　　　 elderly man， Jean Papich， eighty-four， sat in the driver’s seat， 31.　　　　　　 （turn） the key and hitting the gas.His wife， Marion， seventy-eight， was looking 32.　　　　　　 （nervous） at him.Then Sammy walked 33.　　　　　　 the car and pushed it forward， but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt （沥青）.He could see the train approaching fast. 　　It might be 34.　　　　　　 （easy） to push the car backward， Sammy thought.He ran around to the front of the vehicle and shouted at Jean 35.　　　　　　 （put） the car in neutral （空挡）.Sammy could feel the ground trembling under his feet.He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully.Finally， the car rolled off the tracks.When Sammy looked up， the train was just a couple of 36.　　　　　　 （foot） away.Sammy， shocked and 37.　　　　　　 （speech）， went back to work as the crowd gathered at the scene. 　　Weeks later， Marion called to thank Sammy.He responded， “I just did 38.　　　　　　 I had to do.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sammy在路上发现了一辆车被卡在火车轨道上，眼看火车就要驶来，Sammy拼尽全力帮助司机将车推离火车轨道。 29.noticed　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处在从句中作谓语。根据was driving可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填noticed。 30.An　考查冠词。此处泛指“一位老人”，且elderly的发音以元音音素开头。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填An。 31.turning　考查非谓语动词。此处与hitting并列，且turn和主语elderly man之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。故填turning。 32.nervously　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词looking，应用副词。故填nervously。 33.behind　考查介词。Sammy 往前推车时应该位于车的后面。故填behind。 34.easier　考查形容词的比较级。Sammy将往前推和往后推作比较，因此用比较级。故填easier。 35.to put　考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to put。 36.feet　考查名词的单复数。foot为可数名词，此处被a couple of修饰，应用复数形式。故填feet。 37.speechless　考查词形转换。根据and可知，空处与shocked为并列成分，应用形容词。speechless意为“（惊讶得）说不出话的”，符合语境。故填speechless。 38.what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语。故填what。 Ⅴ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Jennifer， a middle school student， was in Mr Green’s class. After only a month at school， she began to be home on a regular basis asking for plenty of crayons， paper， etc. At first， her mother， Sophia， just dutifully provided whatever she needed， never questioning her. 　　After ongoing requests for the items for several weeks， Sophia became concerned and asked her， “Jennifer， what are you doing with your stationery （文具）？” However， Jennifer would always respond with an answer that satisfied Sophia. 　　One day， after supplying the same things to Jennifer， Sophia seriously asked her once again， “Jennifer！ What is exactly going on with your stationery？” Knowing her excuses would no longer work， Jennifer bent her head and kept silence. With her mind filled with confusion， Sophia lifted her daughter’s chin and looked into her eyes， asking， “What is wrong？ Are you making money by reselling school supplies？” Sophia waited for what seemed like a long time for Jennifer to answer. 　　“Mom，” Jennifer said， “I’ve known a boy， called Jack， who is a student in the nearby school sponsored by a charity. He is an immigrant and has two brothers. He doesn’t have enough stationery to do his work. He only has two crayons to colour with， and his art paper is messy. I have been putting the new stationery you bought me in his desk before the others came in， so he still doesn’t know I gave it to him. Our teacher， Mr Green， always told us to be an honest person. I knew I didn’t do it. Mom， don’t be angry. I didn’t mean to tell you a lie， but I didn’t want anyone to know it was me.” 　　Sophia stood there in disbelief. Jennifer had took on the role of an adult and tried to hide her good intentions. Sophia hugged Jennifer tightly， saying， “Baby， I will never get mad at you for wanting to help someone， but why didn’t you just come and tell me？” This time， Sophia did not have to wait for her quick answer， but decided to act. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 　　The next day， Sophia told Mr Green what Jennifer had said， and invited him to visit Jack’s family together. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　The acts of Sophia and Mr Green unexpectedly set off a wave of donations in Jennifer’s school.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　The next day， Sophia told Mr Green what Jennifer had said， and invited him to visit Jack’s family together. Jack’s mother heard the knock on the door and answered it quickly. The immigrant family lived in a small house， where there was not even a single piece of furniture. But some brightly coloured pictures on the walls attracted their attention. Apparently they were painted by Jack and his brother. Sophia and Mr Green explained why they came， and then gave the mother the stationery and clothes they had bought. 　　The acts of Sophia and Mr Green unexpectedly set off a wave of donations in Jennifer’s school. Determined to help those in need of help at the charity school， both the teachers and the students actively donated money and goods. Some children brought their treasured stationery， and some even donated their piggy POTS. Seeing such a scene， Sophia and Mr Green were moved， thinking they could definitely make a difference. 12 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $