期末过去进行时核心要点讲义 -2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语上册

该初中英语讲义通过表格归纳时间状语类型、规则列表梳理动词ing变化、对比表格解析when/while用法，系统构建过去进行时知识体系，按“含义-结构-用法”逻辑分层呈现，突出“进行性”“未完成性”核心及动词双写、时间状语匹配等重难点。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导，通过动词ing形式填空（如run→running）、when/while句型转换（如合并句子）等题型，结合“动作性质判断法”培养语言运用能力与思维品质。基础题巩固句型结构，综合题提升语境应用，附详细答案解析，助力学生自主复习，教师可据此实施精准分层教学。

过去进行时核心要点精讲 一、基本含义（两个核心） 1. 过去进行时表示在过去某一个具体的时间点或时间段正在发生或进行的动作。它强调动作在过去的“进行性”和“未完成性”。 · 表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作 I was doing my homework at 9:00 pm last night. · 表示过去有一段时间正在进行的动作 He was working in a bank when I worked there . 2、 句型结构 1. 肯定句:主语 + was/were + V-ing + 其他 I was studying at 9 last night. 2. 否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + V-ing She wasn’t watching TV then. 3. Was/Were + 主语 + V-ing? 回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t. Were you sleeping at midnight? 4. 特殊疑问句:疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ing? What were you doing? 3、 动词ing形式变化规则 1. 一般情况 直接加ing read-reading play-playing eat- eating 2. 以不发音e结尾 去e加ing Write-writing dance-dancing live- living 3. 以重读闭音节结尾 双写尾字母加ing run running run-running swim-swimming sit-sitting 4. 以ie结尾 变ie为y加ing Lie-lying die-dying tie-tying 5. 以元音+e结尾 直接加ing see-seeing agree-agreeing · 双写规则判断（判断是否需要双写）： get → getting ✓ (重读闭音节) open → opening ✗ (非重读) listen → listening ✗ (结尾不是单辅音) begin → beginning ✓ (重音在gin，双写n) 4、 时间状语 类型 具体表达 例句 时间点 at 8 yesterday, at that moment I was reading at 8 yesterday. 时间段 from 3 to 5, all morning They were working from 3 to 5. 固定表达 at this time yesterday/last week We were having dinner at this time yesterday. when从句 when + 一般过去时 When he arrived, I was cooking. while从句 while + 过去进行时 While I was walking, it rained. 5、 when和while的用法区别 1. When的三种主要用法 · 用法1：When + 一般过去时（从句）→ 主句用过去进行时 表示“当某个瞬间动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行” When the bell rang, we were having class. （铃响时，我们正在上课） When I arrived, they were discussing the plan. （我到达时，他们正在讨论计划） · 用法2：When + 一般过去时 → 主句用一般过去时 表示“当某个动作发生时，紧接着发生另一个动作” When he came in, everyone stood up. （他进来时，大家都站了起来） When the rain stopped, we went out. （雨停时，我们出去了） · 用法3：When + 过去进行时 → 主句用一般过去时 表示“当某个动作正在进行时，发生另一个瞬间动作” When I was walking in the park, I met an old friend. （我在公园散步时，遇到了一位老朋友） 2. When的两种主要用法 · 用法1：While + 过去进行时 → 主句用过去进行时 表示“在某个动作持续期间，另一个动作同时进行” While I was cooking, my sister was watching TV. （我做饭时，妹妹在看电视） While they were playing, we were studying. （他们在玩时，我们在学习） · 用法2：While + 过去进行时 → 主句用一般过去时 表示“在某个动作持续期间，发生另一个瞬间动作” While we were eating, the phone rang. （我们吃饭时，电话响了） While he was sleeping, someone knocked at the door. （他睡觉时，有人敲门了） 3. 详细用法对比 维度 When While 核心含义 表示“当某个时刻” 表示“在某个期间” 时间性质 时间点（瞬间） 时间段（持续） 从句时态 可用各种时态 通常用进行时态 动作特点 主从句动作可先后发生 主从句动作同时发生 位置 可放句首或句中 通常放句首 常见搭配 when + 一般时态 while + 进行时态 4.判断技巧：快速判断用When还是While： · 看动作性质 瞬间动作（arrive, finish, start）→ 多用when 持续动作（read, study, work）→ 可用while · 看时间关系 强调“时刻” → when 强调“期间” → while · 看时态需求 从句要用进行时 → while 从句可用一般时 → when 6、 练习 （一）用所给动词的正确形式填空（15题） 1.At 7 last night, I __________ (watch) a movie. 2.What __________ you __________ (do) when the rain started? 3.While Tom __________ (play) basketball, his phone rang. 4.They __________ (not study) at 9 yesterday morning. 5.__________ she __________ (sleep) when you called? 6.We __________ (have) dinner from 6 to 7 yesterday. 7.I saw Mary while I __________ (wait) for the bus. 8.At this time last Sunday, we __________ (climb) the mountain. 9.The students __________ (listen) to the teacher carefully at that moment. 10.It __________ (snow) when I woke up this morning. 11.While my mother __________ (cook), I __________ (clean) my room. 12.He __________ (read) a book all afternoon yesterday. 13.__________ the birds __________ (sing) when you opened the window? 14.I __________ (walk) home when I met an old friend. 15.They __________ (practice) English from 3 to 4 yesterday. （二）句型转换练习 A. 将下列句子改为过去进行时 1.I read a book at 8 yesterday. → _________________________________________ 2.They played games at that time. → _________________________________________ 3.Did she watch TV? (改为过去进行时疑问句) → _________________________________________ 4.He didn’t sleep well. (改为过去进行时否定句) → _________________________________________ B. 用when或while连接句子 1.I walked home. It rained. (用while连接) → _________________________________________ 2.The phone rang. I was taking a shower. (用when连接) → _________________________________________ 3.She cooked dinner. He cleaned the room. (用while连接) → _________________________________________ C. 改为否定句和疑问句 1.They were dancing at the party. (否定句) → _________________________________________ 2.She was writing a letter. (一般疑问句) → _________________________________________ 3.We were waiting for you. (特殊疑问句) → _________________________________________ （三）翻译练习 1.昨天下午3点，我正在打篮球。 _________________________________________ 2.当妈妈回来时，我正在做作业。 _________________________________________ 3.昨天晚上8点到9点，我们在看电影。 _________________________________________ 4.昨天这个时候，他们在公园里散步吗？ _________________________________________ 5.下雨时，我正在回家的路上。 _________________________________________ （四）综合填空 Last night at 8, I (1) __________ (do) my homework. My sister (2) __________ (listen) to music in her room. While we (3) __________ (do) our own things, suddenly the lights (4) __________ (go) out. Everything (5) __________ (become) dark. I (6) __________ (not see) anything. My sister (7) __________ (scream). Our parents (8) __________ (watch) TV downstairs at that moment. They (9) __________ (come) upstairs with a flashlight. We (10) __________ (wait) for the electricity to come back for an hour. （五）选择填空 1.______ I was walking in the park, I found a wallet. A. When B. While C. Both A and B 2.______ the bell rang, the students were listening carefully. A. When B. While C. Both A and B 3.______ I opened the door, the cat ran out. A. When B. While C. Both A and B 4.______ my mother was cooking, I set the table. A. When B. While C. Both A and B 5.What were you doing ______ I called you? A. when B. while C. Both A and B （六）用when或while填空 1.______ I arrived at the station, the train had left. 2.______ we were having dinner, the lights went out. 3.______ he was young, he lived in Shanghai. 4.______ she was reading, her brother was playing games. 5.I was doing my homework ______ my friend visited me. （七）合并句子 1.I was reading a book. My mother came back. (用when合并) → __________________________________ 2.They were playing football. It began to rain. (用while合并) → __________________________________ 3.The telephone rang. I was taking a shower. (用when合并) → __________________________________ (用while合并) → __________________________________ 4.She cooked dinner. He cleaned the room. (用while合并) → __________________________________ 参考答案 （一） 1.was watching 2. were, doing 3. was playing 4. weren’t studying 5. Was, sleeping 6.were having 7. was waiting 8. were climbing 9. were listening 10. was snowing 11. was cooking, was cleaning 12. was reading 13. Were, singing 14. was walking 15. were practicing （二） A: 1.I was reading a book at 8 yesterday. 2.They were playing games at that time. 3.Was she watching TV? 4.He wasn’t sleeping well. B: 1.While I was walking home, it rained. 2.When the phone rang, I was taking a shower. 3.While she was cooking dinner, he was cleaning the room. C: 1.They weren’t dancing at the party. 2.Was she writing a letter? 3.What were you doing? （三） 1.I was playing basketball at 3 yesterday afternoon. 2.When my mother came back, I was doing my homework. 3.From 8 to 9 last night, we were watching a movie. 4.Were they walking in the park at this time yesterday? 5.While it was raining, I was on my way home. （四） 1.was doing 2. was listening 3. were doing 4. went 5. became 6.couldn’t see 7. screamed 8. were watching 9. came 10. waited/were waiting （五） 1.B (While - 强调在散步的过程中) 2.A (When - 铃响是瞬间动作) 3.A (When - 开门是瞬间动作) 4.B (While - 两个持续动作同时发生) 5.A (When - 打电话是瞬间动作) （六） 1.When 2.While 3.When 4.While 5.when （七） 1.When I was reading a book, my mother came back. 2.While they were playing football, it began to rain. 3.When the telephone rang, I was taking a shower. 4.While I was taking a shower, the telephone rang. 5.While she was cooking dinner, he was cleaning the room. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $