Unit 6 过去进行时语法讲解及习题-2025-2026学年外研版八年级上册

本初中英语单元复习讲义以过去进行时为核心，通过“定义-用法-易混点”三级框架系统构建知识体系，用对比表格清晰呈现过去进行时与一般过去时的差异、when与while的用法区别，结合典型例句梳理四大核心用法的时间状语搭配和动作特征，形成层次分明的知识脉络。 讲义亮点在于分层递进的习题设计，题型一“动词适当形式填空”聚焦语法结构运用，题型二“句子改写”强化句式转换能力，题型三“单项选择”深化时态辨析思维。每题附详细解析，如通过“While my mom was cooking, my dad was reading”实例解析while连接同步动作，培养语言能力和思维品质。基础题巩固知识，综合题提升应用，助力学生自主复习，也为教师提供精准教学依据。

外研版八年级上册Unit 6 语法讲解 过去进行时 一、语法定义 过去进行时用于表示过去某个具体时间点/时间段内正在进行的动作，或过去某一阶段持续发生的动作。其核心结构为助动词was/were + 动词现在分词（v.-ing），助动词的选择由主语人称和数决定： · 第一人称单数（I）、第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词）→ was · 第二人称（you）、复数主语（we/they/复数名词）→ were 二、核心用法（附典型例句） 用法1：表过去具体时间点正在进行的动作 常搭配at 7 p.m. yesterday、this time last night、when the phone rang等具体时间状语，聚焦动作在过去某一刻的进行状态。 · 例句：She was writing a letter at 8 o’clock yesterday evening.（昨晚八点她正在写信） · 例句：What were you doing when the earthquake happened?（地震发生时你正在做什么？） 用法2：表过去时间段内持续进行的动作 常搭配from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon、all day last Sunday、the whole morning等时间段状语，强调动作在过去某段时间的延续性。 · 例句：They were planting trees from morning to afternoon yesterday.（昨天他们从早到晚都在种树） · 例句：I was studying English the whole night last night.（昨晚我一整晚都在学英语） 用法3：表过去两个动作同时进行 用while连接，可接两个过去进行时（表动作同步持续），也可接一个过去进行时、一个一般过去时（表短暂动作打断持续动作）。 · 同步持续：While my mom was cooking, my dad was reading a newspaper.（妈妈做饭时，爸爸在看报纸） · 动作打断：While I was walking to school, I met my old friend.（我步行去学校时，遇到了老朋友） 用法4：表过去计划好的即将发生的动作 go、come、leave、arrive、start等移动性动词的过去进行时，可表示过去计划中即将发生的动作。 · 例句：He was leaving for New York the next day.（他第二天就要动身去纽约了） · 例句：They were coming to our party last Saturday.（上周六他们本打算来参加我们的派对） 三、易混点深度辨析 1. 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时 维度 过去进行时 一般过去时 核心含义 强调动作的进行状态（未完成） 强调动作的完成结果（已结束） 时间状语 at 9 yesterday、this time last week yesterday、last month、two days ago 例句 He was eating dinner at 6 p.m.（六点时他正在吃晚饭） He ate dinner at 6 p.m.（他六点吃了晚饭） 2. when vs while的用法差异 连词 接动词类型 从句常用时态 例句 when 短暂性/延续性动词 一般过去时 When the bell rang, we were having class.（铃响时我们正在上课） while 仅延续性动词 过去进行时 While we were having class, the bell rang.（我们上课的时候铃响了） 语法习题 题型一：用所给动词的适当形式填空 （考查过去进行时的结构、时间状语搭配及while/when的用法） 1. He ______ (play) basketball at 4 p.m. yesterday. 2. I ______ (not watch) TV when my parents came back. 3. ______ she ______ (clean) the room at this time last night? 4. They ______ (listen) to music from 7 to 9 last night. 5. The teacher ______ (talk) to a student when I entered the office. 6. She ______ (draw) a picture while her brother ______ (play) the piano. 7. My grandfather ______ (fish) by the lake all morning yesterday. 8. ______ you ______ (do) your homework when I called you? 9. We ______ (leave) for Beijing the next day, so we bought a lot of snacks. 10. The children ______ (swim) in the river when it began to rain. 题型二：按要求改写句子 （考查过去进行时的否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句转换） 1. Lucy was reading a storybook at 10 a.m. yesterday.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________________________ 2. They were playing football on the playground last Saturday.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 3. He was cooking in the kitchen when I knocked at the door.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 4. We were visiting the museum from 9 to 11 yesterday morning.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 5. She was waiting for the train at the station.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 6. The boys were flying kites in the park.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________________________ 7. I was washing clothes while my sister was watching TV.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 8. He was going to the supermarket when I saw him.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 9. They were cleaning the street all afternoon.（改为一般疑问句） _________________________________________________________________ 10. She was working in the garden this time last week.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________________________ 题型三：单项选择 （考查过去进行时的用法、时态辨析、when/while的搭配） 1. — What ______ you ______ at 8 o’clock last night? — I ______ a book. A. did; do; read B. were; doing; was reading C. are; doing; am reading 2. While my sister ______ the piano, my brother ______ the guitar. A. played; played B. was playing; played C. was playing; was playing 3. When the firemen arrived, the people ______ out of the building. A. ran B. are running C. were running 4. — Was he ______ his bike at 7 p.m. yesterday? — No, he ______. He was mending his car. A. repairing; wasn’t B. repair; didn’t C. repairing; didn’t 5. She ______ to the park when she saw a cat in a tree. A. walked B. was walking C. is walking 6. They ______ volleyball all morning yesterday, so they felt very tired. A. played B. are playing C. were playing 7. ______ you ______ the window when the wind blew strongly? A. Were; closing B. Did; close C. Are; closing 8. He ______ for Shanghai tomorrow, so he is busy packing his luggage now.（表过去计划） A. leaves B. left C. was leaving 9. — What was your cousin doing when you visited her? — She ______ with her dolls. A. plays B. was playing C. played 10. While we ______ the film, the electricity went out. A. watch B. were watching C. watched 习题答案与详细解析 题型一：用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. was playing（at 4 p.m. yesterday是过去具体时间点，主语he为第三人称单数，用was + playing） 2. wasn’t watching（when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时的否定式，主语I用wasn’t + watching） 3. Was; cleaning（一般疑问句，主语she为第三人称单数，将was提至句首，后接cleaning） 4. were listening（from 7 to 9 last night是过去时间段，主语they为复数，用were + listening） 5. was talking（when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，主语the teacher为第三人称单数，用was + talking） 6. was drawing; was playing（while连接两个同时进行的动作，主语she和her brother均为第三人称单数，分别用was + drawing/playing） 7. was fishing（all morning yesterday是过去时间段，主语my grandfather为第三人称单数，用was + fishing） 8. Were; doing（一般疑问句，主语you用were，提至句首，后接doing） 9. were leaving（leave是移动性动词，过去进行时表过去计划的即将动作，主语we用were + leaving） 10. were swimming（when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，主语the children为复数，用were + swimming） 题型二：按要求改写句子 1. Lucy wasn’t reading a storybook at 10 a.m. yesterday. 解析：过去进行时否定句直接在was后加not，缩写为wasn’t。 2. — Were they playing football on the playground last Saturday? — No, they weren’t. 解析：一般疑问句将were提至句首；否定回答用“No, 主语 + weren’t.”。 3. What was he doing when you knocked at the door? 解析：对动作提问用what，后接一般疑问句，用doing替代原动作。 4. When were you visiting the museum? 解析：对时间段提问用when，后接一般疑问句，主语we变you，were位置不变。 5. — Was she waiting for the train at the station? — Yes, she was. 解析：一般疑问句将was提至句首；肯定回答用“Yes, 主语 + was.”。 6. The boys weren’t flying kites in the park. 解析：否定句在were后加not，缩写为weren’t。 7. What were you doing while your sister was watching TV? 解析：对动作提问用what，后接一般疑问句，主语I变you，was变were。 8. Where was he going when you saw him? 解析：对地点提问用where，后接一般疑问句。 9. Were they cleaning the street all afternoon? 解析：一般疑问句将were提至句首。 10. When was she working in the garden? 解析：对时间提问用when，后接一般疑问句。 题型三：单项选择 1. B 解析：at 8 o’clock last night是过去具体时间点，用过去进行时提问和回答。 2. C 解析：while连接两个同时进行的动作，均用过去进行时。 3. C 解析：when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表消防员到达时人们正从楼里跑出来。 4. A 解析：过去进行时的一般疑问句结构为“Was + 主语 + v.-ing”，否定回答用wasn’t。 5. B 解析：when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表走路去公园时看到树上的猫。 6. C 解析：all morning yesterday是过去时间段，用过去进行时表持续动作。 7. A 解析：when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时的一般疑问句，主语you用were。 8. C 解析：leave是移动性动词，过去进行时表过去计划好的即将发生的动作。 9. B 解析：when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表拜访时表妹正在玩玩偶。 10. B 解析：while引导的从句用过去进行时，表看电影时停电了。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $