Unit 1 Knowing Me，Knowing You（复习讲义）英语外研版必修第三册

该高中英语复习讲义通过分类表格与结构化框架系统构建单元知识体系，涵盖必记单词、必背短语、常用结构、核心语法及写作模块。单词按词性与主题分栏整理，短语以功能场景归类，语法部分通过“概念-用法-易错点”三层解析呈现动词-ed形式作状语的逻辑关系，写作模块则以“问题引入-建议框架-模板句式”构建表达路径，清晰呈现知识内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“基础巩固-能力提升-综合应用”的分层练习设计，如单词拼写结合词性转换与语境填空，语法填空融入真实语篇情境，书面表达提供“同情-建议-鼓励”模板句式，有效培养学生语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。同时配套阅读理解、完形填空等题型，适配不同层次学生需求，为教师实施精准复习教学提供系统资源支持，助力学生自主构建知识网络。

Knowing me，knowing you（复习讲义） 必记 单词 steam n. 蒸汽，水蒸气 loose adj.说话随便（轻率）的 sink v.使（船）沉没 fault n. 责任，过错 resolve v.解决（问题,困难） strategy n. 计谋, 策略; 行动计划 signal n. 信号; 暗号 breath n. 一口气 annoyed adj.恼怒的, 烦恼的 adjust v. 适应,(使)习惯 core adj. 核心的(课程、团体等) ensure v. 确保, 保证 complexity n. 复杂性, 错综复杂 forgive v. 原谅, 宽恕 criticise v. 批评, 指责 embarrassment n. 尴尬, 难为情 gender n. 性别 duty n. 职责, 义务; 责任justify v. 证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理; 为······辩护 frank adj. 坦率的, 坦诚的, 直言不讳的 latter n. 后者 moreover adv. 此外, 而且independent adj. 独立的 apart adv. 分离, 分开 fence n. 栅栏, 围栏, 篱笆 必背 短语 fit in with 与.......合得来，适应 in a mess杂乱，混乱；陷入困境 let down使失望，辜负 loose lips sink ships祸从口出 be ashamed of 为......感到羞愧 have a chat with 与⋯⋯交流 take a breath吸一口气 take the lead 领先 by accident偶然，意外地 white lies善意的谎言 look down on轻视，看不起 tell the truth说实话 accuse sb of sthzhi指控某人..... help out带一把 let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 be angry with对⋯⋯发脾气；生⋯⋯的气 tell a lie说谎 be disappointed with 对......失望 to what extent多大程度上 in advance 提前，预先 apologise to sb for sth向⋯⋯道歉 move on继续移动；前进 pull one's weight做好分内事，尽责 常用 结构 whatever 引导的宾语从句 It be +过去分词+that The reason for... is to do 语法 动词-ed形式作状语 写作 如何适应新环境并处理好人际关系 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：let down 使失望，辜负（教材P2） 【用法】let sb down使某人失望；辜负某人 【拓展】let alone 更不用说 let sb in 让某人进来 let go of 放开，松手，放弃 let out 释放，发出（叫声等） ►The boy’s poor performance let his parents down.男孩糟糕的表现让他的父母很失望。 ►Let go of things you can't change. 你改变不了的事情，就让它去吧。 ►There isn't enough room for us, let alone any guests. 连我们都没有足够的空间，更不用说客人了。 知识点2：disappoint使失望，辜负（教材P2） 【拓展】 disappoint v使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的→disappointment n.失望 be disappointed at/with/by/in...对...失望 be disappointed to do... 因做...而失望 to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 What disappoints sb/what makes sb disappointed is... 令某人失望的是 ►Though he was disappointed at the disappointing result of the examination, he tried to hide his inner disappointment in order to not discourage his parents.尽管他对这个令人失望的实验结果感到失望，他还是尽力去隐藏自己的失望为了不让他的父母感到沮丧。 ►To my disappointment, the new movie is so meaningless. 令我失望的是，这部新电影毫无意义。 ►What disappoints me /what makes me disappointed is the new movie is so meaningless.令我失望的是，这部新电影毫无意义。 知识点3 embarrassed adj.尴尬的（教材P2） 【拓展】 embarrass v使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的→embarrassment n尴尬 be embarrassed at/about ...对...尴尬 to one’s embarrassment 令某人失望的是 What embarrasses sb/what makes sb embarrassed is... 令某人失望的是 in/with embarrassment 尴尬地 ►You rescued me from an embarrassing situation. 我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。 ►To my embarrassment,I forgot my lines on the stage and I was embarrassed at/ about my terrible performance.I froze there,with my face flushed in/with embarrassment. 令我尴尬的是，我在舞台上忘词了，我为自己糟糕的表现感到尬尴。我僵在那里，尴尬地满脸通红。 ►What embarrassed me /what made me embarrassed was to get up without knowing waht to say .令我尴尬的是站 在舞台上不知道说什么。 知识点4：concentrate on 集中注意力与于...（教材P3） 【用法】concentrate one’s attention on集中注意力于... 【拓展】“集中注意力于..”表达方法 focus on / fix one’s eyes on/fix on be buried/lost /absorbed in pay attention to / devote oneself to / apply oneself to ► （2017全国卷Ⅲ）She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.为了专心学习，她已经拒绝了几次做主演的演出邀请。 ►With his eyes fixed on reading ,he didn’t notice her .因为他集中注意力在阅读，他并没有注意到她。 知识点5：apologize to向某人道歉（教材P3） 【用法】apologise to sb. for(doing) sth. 向……道歉 因(做)某事而向某人道歉 【拓展】apologize=apologies v.道歉→apology n.道歉 Make/offer an apology to sb. for(doing) sth. 给某人道歉 accept/ refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉 owe sb. an apology 欠某人一个道歉 ► The manager apologized to me for his fault in dealing with the matter.经理为他在处理此事中的过失向我道歉。 ►You need to make an apology to the teacher for being late for class. 你应该为上课迟到一事向老师道歉。 知识点6：take a breath n.吸了一口气（教材P6） 【拓展】breath n.呼吸→breathe v.呼吸 hold one's breath屏住呼吸 take a breath吸一口气 out of breath上气不接下气 take sb's breath away令某人惊叹 breathe in/ out吸/呼气 ►I took a breath and resolved to continue climbing the mountain. When I reached the top,I was breathless/out of breath. Though I was exhausted and hungry, the fantastic scenery took my breath away and I cried in excitement. 我吸了一口气，决定继续爬山。当我到达山顶时，我上气不接下气。虽然我又累又饿，但这奇妙的景色让我惊叹不已，我激动地大叫起来。 知识点7：annoyed adj.恼怒的（教材P7） 【拓展】annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气→annoying adj.使人生气的；令人气恼的→annoyance n.恼怒，烦恼；使人烦恼的事) be annoyed with sb生某人的气 be annoyed at/ about sth对某事生气 be annoyed to do sth因做某事而恼怒 be annoyed that…对……感到生气 to one' s annoyance使某人生气的是 What annoys sb/what makes sb annoyed is... 令某人恼怒的是 ► I was annoyed with him about/ at his annoying table manners. 由于他令人讨厌的餐桌礼仪，我很恼他。 ► I was annoyed that he talked loudly with his mouth full of food. 他满嘴食物就大声说话使我很恼火。 ► To my annoyance, he pointed at others with his chopsticks. 令我气恼的是，他用筷子指着别人。 What annoyed me/what made me annoyed was that he pointed at others with his chopsticks.令某人恼怒的是他用筷子指着别人。 知识点8：adjust v.适应，使习惯（教材P7） 【拓展】adjust v.调整；调节；适应；（使）习惯→adjustment n.调整；调节；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的) adjust... to(doing)...调整······以适应（做）…… adjust oneself to…使自己适应…… adjust to (doing) sth 适应（做）某事 make an adjustment/ adjustments to...对……作出调整 ► I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust(myself) to the new surroundings.environment我写信向您寻求一些关于如何适应新环境的建议。 ► To be frank,I like this adjustable bicycle very much and I can't thank you enough. 坦诚地来说，我十分喜欢这辆可调节的自行车，十分感谢你。 知识点9：criticise v.批评，指责（教材P7） 【拓展】criticize v.批评，批判→critic n.批评家；评论家；挑剔的人→critical adj. 批评的；关键的；危急的→criticism n. 批评；评论 criticize sb./sth. 批评/指责某人/某物 criticize + for + doing sth. 因做某事而批评 【易混辨析】criticize VS blame criticize：侧重“指出缺点/问题进行批评”，可用于中性评论； blame：侧重“归咎于，指责某人应承担责任”，结构为blame sb. for sth. / blame sth. on sb.。 ►He wrote a report to criticize the bad service of the restaurant.他写了一份报告，指责这家餐厅的服务太差。 ►She criticized my writing style, not blaming me for the mistake.她批评了我的写作风格，并没有因这个错误指责我。 ►She viewed the findings with a critical eye. 她以批评的眼光看待这些研究结果。 单元语法：动词的-ed形式作状语 一．基本概念 过去分词作状语是指过去分词在句中充当状语成分，修饰谓语动词或整个句子。过去分词通常表示被动或完成的意义。过去分词（短语）作状语，表示动作发生的背景或情况，一般都有逗号，同其他成分隔开，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。过去分词（短语）在句中作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。 二．位置与标点 句首：通常用逗号与主句隔开（强调状语） 句中：前后都用逗号隔开（插入语性质） 句末：常用逗号隔开，也可不用（尤其是伴随状语） 主要功能及用法 1. 表示时间。过去分词（短语）作时间状语，相当于一个when或while等引导的时间状语从句，可替换为“when/after/once等+主语+be+过去分词”结构。通常放在句首。 Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. 从山上看去，这座城市显得宏伟壮观。 = When it is seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. Asked about his family, the boy lowered his head.当被问及他的家庭时，男孩低下了头。 = When he was asked about his family, the boy lowered his head. 2. 表示原因。过去分词（短语）作原因状语，可替换为“because/as/since+主语+be+过去分词”结构多放在句首。 Deeply moved by the story, she couldn’t help crying.被这个故事深深感动，她忍不住哭了。 = Because she was deeply moved by the story, she couldn’t help crying. Born into a poor family, he had little chance to go to school.由于出生在一个贫困家庭，他几乎没有机会上学。 = Because he was born into a poor family, he had little chance to go to school. 3. 表示条件。过去分词（短语）作条件状语，可替换为“if/unless+主语+be+过去分词”结构。一般放在句首。 Given more time, we could do it better.如果被给予更多时间，我们能做得更好。 = If we were given more time, we could do it better. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.如果和你比起来，我还有很长的路要走。 = If I am compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 4. 表示让步。过去分词（短语）作让步状语，可替换为“although/though/even if+主语+be+过去分词”结构，常放在句首。 Wounded, the soldier continued to fight.虽然受了伤，这名士兵继续战斗。 = Although he was wounded, the soldier continued to fight. Praised by the teacher, he remained modest.尽管受到了老师的表扬，他依然保持谦虚。 = Though he was praised by the teacher, he remained modest. 5. 表示方式或伴随情况。过去分词（短语）作方式或伴随状语，可以转换成一个并列分句，可位于句首或句末。 He walked into the room, followed by his dog.他走进房间，后面跟着他的狗。 The teacher entered the classroom, carried a pile of books in his arms.老师走进教室，手里抱着一摞书。 6. 表示结果。通常放在句末，前面可用逗号隔开。 The glass fell to the ground, broken into pieces.杯子掉在地上，摔成了碎片。 He fired, killed one of the enemy soldiers.他开了枪，打死了一名敌兵。 三．易错点 1.过去分词（短语）作状语，前面可以带有相应的连词（词组），如when, until, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless等，表时间、让步、方式、条件等。 When(we are) faced with difficulties,we should find a way to resolve it.当面对困难时，我们要想办法去解决它。 2.过去分词（短语）的逻辑主语与分词动作之间存在被动关系，现在分词（短语）的逻辑主语与分词动作之间存在主动关系。 Seen from the top of the mountain, the park is beautiful.从山顶看，公园是如此漂亮。 分析：公园是被看的对象，应用表示被动的过去分词。 Hearing the news, she burst into tears.听到这个消息，她突然被大哭起来。 分析：句子主语she 听到这个消息，应用表示主动的现在分词。 3.过去分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。如果主语不一致，要在分词前加上逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。 错误：Used properly, we can make our writing more powerful. 正确：Used properly, language can make our writing more powerful.正确运用语言，能让文字更具感染力。 或：If we use language properly, we can make our writing more powerful. 分析：过去分词“used”的逻辑主语应是“language”，而不是“we”。 The boy rushed into the classroom, his face covered with sweat.那个男孩跑进教室，脸上全是汗。 （his face是分词短语covered...的逻辑主语） 4.有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示主语的某种情绪或状态。常见的这类形容词化的过去分词有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, pleased,disappointed等。 Disappointed at her friend’s behaviour, the girl stood there without saying a word. 因为对她朋友的行为很失望，那个女孩站在那儿，一句话也没说。 单元写作：人际关系 本单元的写作任务为学习如何就人际关系问题理性寻求建议或者给出他人建议，关键词为沟通与成长。在人际交往中，我们难免遇到误解、矛盾或困惑，学习以理性、温暖的方式提供建议，不仅能帮助他人，也能提升我们自己处理人际问题的能力。 写作要点： 第一段：表达同情+写作目的 第二段：提出建议 第三段：表达希望 ※写作模板 Offering Advice to Help a Friend I was really sorry to hear that you’re going through a tough time. Please remember that it’s completely normal to feel this way, and I’m writing to share a few thoughts that might help.” I suggested that you could first _______________________ (具体建议一), and then try to _______________________ (具体建议二). I also shared my own experience of _______________________ (可分享相关个人经历以增强说服力). I’m confident that things will get better for you soon. Please don’t hesitate to reach out if you want to talk more. Wishing you peace and strength.” ※开头常用句式 表达关心 I was really sorry to hear that you’re going through a tough time. It truly saddens me to know that you’re feeling so down lately. I can only imagine how difficult this must be for you. 安慰与鼓励 Please remember that it’s completely normal to feel this way sometimes. You’re not alone in this — many people go through similar challenges. I want you to know that I’m here for you, no matter what. 表明目的 I’m writing to share a few thoughts that might help you through this. I hope my advice can offer you some comfort and practical support. I’ve put together some suggestions that helped me when I was in a similar situation. ※主体段落常用句式 引入建议 Based on my own experience, I’d suggest first… One thing that might help is to… Why not try…? It could make a difference. 分步建议 To start with, you could consider… After that, it might be useful to… Another option would be to… 分享个人经历 I remember when I faced something similar, I… What worked for me was…, and I hope it might help you too. I once felt the same way, and what helped me was… ※结尾常用句式 表达信心 I’m confident that things will get better for you soon. You have the strength to overcome this — I believe in you. Take things one step at a time; you’re stronger than you think. 送上祝福 Wishing you peace and strength during this time. I hope these suggestions bring you some relief and clarity. May you find comfort and renewed energy in the days ahead. 保持联系 Please don’t hesitate to reach out if you want to talk more. I’m always here to listen whenever you need me. …… 一、单词拼写 （A）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He takes a deep ________(breathe) and continues to climb the mountain. 2. My partner's ____________(annoy) behavior annoyed me so much that my voice began to trembled. 3. The chair is ______________ and you can adjust it to your height. The _________ is not difficult to make.(adjust) 4. Most of us are longing to be____________(independence) of our parents, which shows that we' ve grown up; but when meeting with difficulties, we’ ll have to depend on them. 5. Mother is always __________ (concern)about me. However, I wasn't aware of this when I was a kid. 6. We are sure (come) up with a strategy by tomorrow. 7. Tom felt _____________ (embarrass) because the fault he made was __________________(embarrass). 8. I hope you will accept my (apologize) and forgive me for my fault. 9. (give) enough protection, some endangered animals can be protected from extinction. 10. Not (treat) fairly, Tom sent a WeChat message to the agony aunt to share his feelings. （B）根据首字母及句意写出单词 11. We c________________ you because we wanted to help you, not find fault with you. 12. At present, I am in a m________ in my heart and need someone to help me out. 13. It's your f _____________to let the dog loose and run away. 14.The best strategy to r_______________ the problem is to apologise to him. 15. To my embarrassment, my parents have never f______________ me for my fault. 16. I feel it my d_____________ to pull my weight and help them out. 17. Look！It's like a ______________ (信号) when a ship sinks.We should rescue it immediately. 18. He recognized his fault and _____________(确保) that would never make the same mistake again. 19. The company's sales _______________ (策略) let us down. 20. There are two approaches to resolve that, but they will increase the _________________ (复杂性) of the test. 二、选词填空 help out, let down, let off steam, take a breath, pull one's weight, by accident loose lips sink ships, find fault with, apologise to, concentrate on , 21. When I was in a bad mood, I would go for a run to ____________. 22. It was _____________ that I found my missing ring in my garden. 23. He went onto the stage with his legs trembling, ____________ and began his speech. 24. In my opinion, ______________ is not only a good quality but our duty. 25. He is always willing to ______________ whenever I am in trouble, for which I appreciate greatly. 26. There is nothing worse than to ____________by people who have not kept their promises. 27. It is your fault to let off steam. I think you'd her. 28.As the saying goes, “ .” Therefore,the best strategy is to talk less and do more. 29. I am angry with Jack because he is always everything I do. 30.We should _ finding a solution to this problem. 三、阅读理解 （24-25高一·广东江门·期中） “I’m going to fail!” My best friend cried. She and I had this conversation almost every day while we were in high school. The truth was that my friend never failed in any subjects. I just think that she can’t accept failures because she lives her life as a perfectionist (完美主义者). What she fails to understand is that a lot of good can come from failures. For example, failure can help build relationships. Once I was cooking dinner for a friend, I was tired, and several dishes I tried to make turned out bad. I grew more and more upset until my friend told me that I shouldn’t worry. She cared more about our friendship than the dishes. That day, I learned that failure doesn’t always make people dislike you. In fact, after she said those words to me, I grew closer to her. Failure can make success evermore exciting. Every few years, there would be an important test in the PE class at our school. Students had to run a mile within eight minutes. I was never good at running, so I failed every time until the third year at school. Then I began working out regularly, and yet still failed that year. A few days later, however, the teacher gave me and some other students another chance to run and I got a pass finally! You can’t imagine how excited I was after that. I felt the memory of the success was as sweet as honey, because I had to overcome failure to reach it. Now it’s clear to see that failure can teach us good lessons. It’s not an end—it can be a beginning. 31．What did the author finally get from a failed cooking? A．Worries. B．A closer friendship. C．Bad feelings. D．More experience. 32．Why did the author feel excited after the running test? A．Because she could work out regularly. B．Because she received honey as a reward. C．Because she achieved success after many failures. D．Because she got another chance to take the test. 33．What does the underlined word “overcome” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Successfully deal with. B．Quickly respond to. C．Narrowly escape from D．Eagerly come up with. 34．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A．to show the negative effects of failures B．to point out her best friends fear of failures C．to introduce different types of failures D．to encourage the readers to face failures bravely 四、七选五 It's sometimes hard to understand a teenager.It's even harder if a teenager doesn't agree with you. 35_________ Listen to what the teenager has to say. 36_________While you may not entirely agree with what he's saying, the tension will be lessened if the teenager feels like you are listening and trying to understand him.Also, he might return the favor and give you the chance to talk as well. It's best to have a conversation where both of your opinions matter rather than fight and possibly hurt each other in the process. Understand that while teenager may appear grown up and perhaps even sound matured, his mind has not fully developed, and he cannot think like an adult all the time. 37_______However, this doesn't mean you' re completely right or he deserves to be ridiculed or treated like a child. 38___________ However, remember that the teenager should understand when“no” is"no”. Avoid bringing up a compromise every time you disagree on something. This might teach him that he can always get away with what he wants, whenever he wants it. If the conversation launches into an argument,stop it. Tell him that you both need to calm down and think clearly or the problem will never be solved. If he refuses to listen and continues arguing, step out of the room and allow time for both of you to settle down. Do not scold him or shout back. Your words will possibly be lost on the teenager since you both are too angry to listen to each other. 39____________ A. Come up with a compromise if the situation allows one. B. He still needs to learn, and he doesn't know every-thing. C. Avoid having a bad tone, including accusations in your words. D. This article tells you how to disagree with a teenag-er in a kind manner. E. Find the good points the teenager has and mention the negative points too. F. People like being listened to, so give him the chance to express his opinion. G. Bring up the topic after a while and make sure you listen to each other patiently. 五、完形填空 I met my best friend Tom when we were 12. We bonded over our love for basketball and quickly became 40______. We walked to school together, shared snacks, and even dreamed of playing on the same college team. But things took a turn when we entered high school. Tom joined the basketball team and started spending most of his time with his new teammates. I felt deeply 41______________ and began to think he no longer cared about our friendship. One day, we had a heated argument about a basketball game. I 42__________ him of ignoring me for his teammates, and he shouted back that I was being too childish. We didn’t talk for weeks after that. I was 43_____________ and sad, but my pride stopped me from reaching out to say sorry. Every time I passed him in the hallway, I just 44___________ my head and walked away quickly. Then, on a rainy afternoon, I heard a soft knock on my door. I opened it and saw Tom standing outside with an umbrella in his hand. He looked nervous and handed me a crumpled（皱巴巴的） letter. In it, he wrote that he missed our old days 45_______ and that being on the team didn’t change how much he 46_______________ our friendship. He also explained he’d been so 47_____________ with daily practice that he had no extra time, but he had always kept me in his heart. Reading the letter, I felt warm tears 48_____________ down my cheeks. I apologized for being so 49________________ and not understanding his situation. He forgave me right away and smiled through his own tears. We hugged tightly, and the sound of the rain seemed to 50_________ all our misunderstandings. From then on, we learned to communicate our feelings openly and never let small arguments 51_________________ our friendship again. We made a 52_________to make time for each other no matter how busy we were. True friendship, we realized, doesn’t mean being together all the time. It requires patience, understanding, and a willingness to 53____________ each other’s faults. This experience taught me that the best relationships are the ones we 54___________ for, even when it’s hard. 40 A. separate B. inseparable C. similar D. familiar 41. A. left out B. put out C. given out D. cut out 42. A. warned B. cheated C. accused D. reminded 43. A. lonely B. angry C. calm D. proud 44. A. nodded B. shook C. raised D. hung 45. A. smoothly B. terribly C. formally D. gradually 46 A. valued B. forgot C. changed D. doubted 47. A. bored B. busy C. pleased D. satisfied 48. A. jumping B. moving C. rolling D. running 49. A. brave B. stubborn C. honest D. careless 50. A. wash away B. pass away C. take away D. put away 51. A. protect B. develop C. damage D. improve 52. A.breakthrough B. quarrel C. difference D. promise 53. A. hide B. accept C. correct D. avoid 54. A. fight B. look C. wait D. care 六、语法填空 Kang Yu, a 24-year-old volunteer teacher in a remote town in the mountains of Yunnan Province,was teaching calligraphy to the eighth graders when all of 55_________ sudden, the clouds seemed to burst and the electricity went out. 56__________ (see) that the students were staring at the rain, Kang 57___________ (immediate) got a burst of inspiration. She told them to go outside, under a shelter, to enjoy the rain and come back to write something like a poem. Much 58__________ her surprise, the works written by the students were far beyond her expectations! Inspired by that class, Kang 59____________(found) the non-profit, Enlighten Our Future, to help Chinese young- sters improve their mental well-being and their exam grades through poetry composition and 60_______ (appreciate). She managed to persuade 13 school to adopt the“Four Season Poetry Lessons”project, with a teaching plan, content 61________ method she provided. So far, the poetry lessons 62_______ (design) by the nonprofit have helped 680,000 students in 823 primary and middle schools, mostly in poor areas. Now Enlighten Our Future is run by three full-time workers, including Kang, 60 part-time workers, 280 backups and more than 1,000 volunteers. “What's great about poetry is that it can help one to find an 63___________ (effect) way to communicate with oneself,” she says. “64________ they need is not sympathy, but recognition, which I think will influence their whole life.” 55.____________ 56.______________ 57.______________ 58.__________ 59.___________ 60.___________ 61._______________ 62.______________ 63._________ 64.____________七、书面表达 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的外国笔友Tom写信向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给他写一封回信。要点如下： 1.表示理解并给予安慰；2.提出建议并说明理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:脾气,情绪 temper ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you （复习讲义） 必记 单词 steam n. 蒸汽，水蒸气 loose adj.说话随便（轻率）的 sink v.使（船）沉没 fault n. 责任，过错 resolve v.解决（问题,困难） strategy n. 计谋, 策略; 行动计划 signal n. 信号; 暗号 breath n. 一口气 annoyed adj.恼怒的, 烦恼的 adjust v. 适应,(使)习惯 core adj. 核心的(课程、团体等) ensure v. 确保, 保证 complexity n. 复杂性, 错综复杂 forgive v. 原谅, 宽恕 criticise v. 批评, 指责 embarrassment n. 尴尬, 难为情 gender n. 性别 duty n. 职责, 义务; 责任justify v. 证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理; 为······辩护 frank adj. 坦率的, 坦诚的, 直言不讳的 latter n. 后者 moreover adv. 此外, 而且independent adj. 独立的 apart adv. 分离, 分开 fence n. 栅栏, 围栏, 篱笆 必背 短语 fit in with 与.......合得来，适应 in a mess杂乱，混乱；陷入困境 let down使失望，辜负 loose lips sink ships祸从口出 be ashamed of 为......感到羞愧 have a chat with 与⋯⋯交流 take a breath吸一口气 take the lead 领先 by accident偶然，意外地 white lies善意的谎言 look down on轻视，看不起 tell the truth说实话 accuse sb of sthzhi指控某人..... help out带一把 let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 be angry with对⋯⋯发脾气；生⋯⋯的气 tell a lie说谎 be disappointed with 对......失望 to what extent多大程度上 in advance 提前，预先 apologise to sb for sth向⋯⋯道歉 move on继续移动；前进 pull one's weight做好分内事，尽责 常用 结构 whatever 引导的宾语从句 It be +过去分词+that The reason for... is to do 语法 动词-ed形式作状语 写作 如何适应新环境并处理好人际关系 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：let down 使失望，辜负（教材P2） 【用法】let sb down使某人失望；辜负某人 【拓展】let alone 更不用说 let sb in 让某人进来 let go of 放开，松手，放弃 let out 释放，发出（叫声等） ►The boy’s poor performance let his parents down.男孩糟糕的表现让他的父母很失望。 ►Let go of things you can't change. 你改变不了的事情，就让它去吧。 ►There isn't enough room for us, let alone any guests. 连我们都没有足够的空间，更不用说客人了。 知识点2：disappoint使失望，辜负（教材P2） 【拓展】 disappoint v使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的→disappointment n.失望 be disappointed at/with/by/in...对...失望 be disappointed to do... 因做...而失望 to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 What disappoints sb/what makes sb disappointed is... 令某人失望的是 ►Though he was disappointed at the disappointing result of the examination, he tried to hide his inner disappointment in order to not discourage his parents.尽管他对这个令人失望的实验结果感到失望，他还是尽力去隐藏自己的失望为了不让他的父母感到沮丧。 ►To my disappointment, the new movie is so meaningless. 令我失望的是，这部新电影毫无意义。 ►What disappoints me /what makes me disappointed is the new movie is so meaningless.令我失望的是，这部新电影毫无意义。 知识点3 embarrassed adj.尴尬的（教材P2） 【拓展】 embarrass v使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的→embarrassment n尴尬 be embarrassed at/about ...对...尴尬 to one’s embarrassment 令某人失望的是 What embarrasses sb/what makes sb embarrassed is... 令某人失望的是 in/with embarrassment 尴尬地 ►You rescued me from an embarrassing situation. 我正感到尴尬，你为我解了围。 ►To my embarrassment,I forgot my lines on the stage and I was embarrassed at/ about my terrible performance.I froze there,with my face flushed in/with embarrassment. 令我尴尬的是，我在舞台上忘词了，我为自己糟糕的表现感到尬尴。我僵在那里，尴尬地满脸通红。 ►What embarrassed me /what made me embarrassed was to get up without knowing waht to say .令我尴尬的是站 在舞台上不知道说什么。 知识点4：concentrate on 集中注意力与于...（教材P3） 【用法】concentrate one’s attention on集中注意力于... 【拓展】“集中注意力于..”表达方法 focus on / fix one’s eyes on/fix on be buried/lost /absorbed in pay attention to / devote oneself to / apply oneself to ► （2017全国卷Ⅲ）She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.为了专心学习，她已经拒绝了几次做主演的演出邀请。 ►With his eyes fixed on reading ,he didn’t notice her .因为他集中注意力在阅读，他并没有注意到她。 知识点5：apologize to向某人道歉（教材P3） 【用法】apologise to sb. for(doing) sth. 向……道歉 因(做)某事而向某人道歉 【拓展】apologize=apologies v.道歉→apology n.道歉 Make/offer an apology to sb. for(doing) sth. 给某人道歉 accept/ refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉 owe sb. an apology 欠某人一个道歉 ► The manager apologized to me for his fault in dealing with the matter.经理为他在处理此事中的过失向我道歉。 ►You need to make an apology to the teacher for being late for class. 你应该为上课迟到一事向老师道歉。 知识点6：take a breath n.吸了一口气（教材P6） 【拓展】breath n.呼吸→breathe v.呼吸 hold one's breath屏住呼吸 take a breath吸一口气 out of breath上气不接下气 take sb's breath away令某人惊叹 breathe in/ out吸/呼气 ►I took a breath and resolved to continue climbing the mountain. When I reached the top,I was breathless/out of breath. Though I was exhausted and hungry, the fantastic scenery took my breath away and I cried in excitement. 我吸了一口气，决定继续爬山。当我到达山顶时，我上气不接下气。虽然我又累又饿，但这奇妙的景色让我惊叹不已，我激动地大叫起来。 知识点7：annoyed adj.恼怒的（教材P7） 【拓展】annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoy vt.使恼怒，使生气→annoying adj.使人生气的；令人气恼的→annoyance n.恼怒，烦恼；使人烦恼的事) be annoyed with sb生某人的气 be annoyed at/ about sth对某事生气 be annoyed to do sth因做某事而恼怒 be annoyed that…对……感到生气 to one' s annoyance使某人生气的是 What annoys sb/what makes sb annoyed is... 令某人恼怒的是 ► I was annoyed with him about/ at his annoying table manners. 由于他令人讨厌的餐桌礼仪，我很恼他。 ► I was annoyed that he talked loudly with his mouth full of food. 他满嘴食物就大声说话使我很恼火。 ► To my annoyance, he pointed at others with his chopsticks. 令我气恼的是，他用筷子指着别人。 What annoyed me/what made me annoyed was that he pointed at others with his chopsticks.令某人恼怒的是他用筷子指着别人。 知识点8：adjust v.适应，使习惯（教材P7） 【拓展】adjust v.调整；调节；适应；（使）习惯→adjustment n.调整；调节；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的) adjust... to(doing)...调整······以适应（做）…… adjust oneself to…使自己适应…… adjust to (doing) sth 适应（做）某事 make an adjustment/ adjustments to...对……作出调整 ► I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust(myself) to the new surroundings.environment我写信向您寻求一些关于如何适应新环境的建议。 ► To be frank,I like this adjustable bicycle very much and I can't thank you enough. 坦诚地来说，我十分喜欢这辆可调节的自行车，十分感谢你。 知识点9：criticise v.批评，指责（教材P7） 【拓展】criticize v.批评，批判→critic n.批评家；评论家；挑剔的人→critical adj. 批评的；关键的；危急的→criticism n. 批评；评论 criticize sb./sth. 批评/指责某人/某物 criticize + for + doing sth. 因做某事而批评 【易混辨析】criticize VS blame criticize：侧重“指出缺点/问题进行批评”，可用于中性评论； blame：侧重“归咎于，指责某人应承担责任”，结构为blame sb. for sth. / blame sth. on sb.。 ►He wrote a report to criticize the bad service of the restaurant.他写了一份报告，指责这家餐厅的服务太差。 ►She criticized my writing style, not blaming me for the mistake.她批评了我的写作风格，并没有因这个错误指责我。 ►She viewed the findings with a critical eye. 她以批评的眼光看待这些研究结果。 单元语法：动词的-ed形式作状语 一．基本概念 过去分词作状语是指过去分词在句中充当状语成分，修饰谓语动词或整个句子。过去分词通常表示被动或完成的意义。过去分词（短语）作状语，表示动作发生的背景或情况，一般都有逗号，同其他成分隔开，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。过去分词（短语）在句中作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。 二．位置与标点 句首：通常用逗号与主句隔开（强调状语） 句中：前后都用逗号隔开（插入语性质） 句末：常用逗号隔开，也可不用（尤其是伴随状语） 主要功能及用法 1. 表示时间。过去分词（短语）作时间状语，相当于一个when或while等引导的时间状语从句，可替换为“when/after/once等+主语+be+过去分词”结构。通常放在句首。 Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. 从山上看去，这座城市显得宏伟壮观。 = When it is seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. Asked about his family, the boy lowered his head.当被问及他的家庭时，男孩低下了头。 = When he was asked about his family, the boy lowered his head. 2. 表示原因。过去分词（短语）作原因状语，可替换为“because/as/since+主语+be+过去分词”结构多放在句首。 Deeply moved by the story, she couldn’t help crying.被这个故事深深感动，她忍不住哭了。 = Because she was deeply moved by the story, she couldn’t help crying. Born into a poor family, he had little chance to go to school.由于出生在一个贫困家庭，他几乎没有机会上学。 = Because he was born into a poor family, he had little chance to go to school. 3. 表示条件。过去分词（短语）作条件状语，可替换为“if/unless+主语+be+过去分词”结构。一般放在句首。 Given more time, we could do it better.如果被给予更多时间，我们能做得更好。 = If we were given more time, we could do it better. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.如果和你比起来，我还有很长的路要走。 = If I am compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 4. 表示让步。过去分词（短语）作让步状语，可替换为“although/though/even if+主语+be+过去分词”结构，常放在句首。 Wounded, the soldier continued to fight.虽然受了伤，这名士兵继续战斗。 = Although he was wounded, the soldier continued to fight. Praised by the teacher, he remained modest.尽管受到了老师的表扬，他依然保持谦虚。 = Though he was praised by the teacher, he remained modest. 5. 表示方式或伴随情况。过去分词（短语）作方式或伴随状语，可以转换成一个并列分句，可位于句首或句末。 He walked into the room, followed by his dog.他走进房间，后面跟着他的狗。 The teacher entered the classroom, carried a pile of books in his arms.老师走进教室，手里抱着一摞书。 6. 表示结果。通常放在句末，前面可用逗号隔开。 The glass fell to the ground, broken into pieces.杯子掉在地上，摔成了碎片。 He fired, killed one of the enemy soldiers.他开了枪，打死了一名敌兵。 三．易错点 1.过去分词（短语）作状语，前面可以带有相应的连词（词组），如when, until, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless等，表时间、让步、方式、条件等。 When(we are) faced with difficulties,we should find a way to resolve it.当面对困难时，我们要想办法去解决它。 2.过去分词（短语）的逻辑主语与分词动作之间存在被动关系，现在分词（短语）的逻辑主语与分词动作之间存在主动关系。 Seen from the top of the mountain, the park is beautiful.从山顶看，公园是如此漂亮。 分析：公园是被看的对象，应用表示被动的过去分词。 Hearing the news, she burst into tears.听到这个消息，她突然被大哭起来。 分析：句子主语she 听到这个消息，应用表示主动的现在分词。 3.过去分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。如果主语不一致，要在分词前加上逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。 错误：Used properly, we can make our writing more powerful. 正确：Used properly, language can make our writing more powerful.正确运用语言，能让文字更具感染力。 或：If we use language properly, we can make our writing more powerful. 分析：过去分词“used”的逻辑主语应是“language”，而不是“we”。 The boy rushed into the classroom, his face covered with sweat.那个男孩跑进教室，脸上全是汗。 （his face是分词短语covered...的逻辑主语） 4.有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示主语的某种情绪或状态。常见的这类形容词化的过去分词有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, pleased,disappointed等。 Disappointed at her friend’s behaviour, the girl stood there without saying a word. 因为对她朋友的行为很失望，那个女孩站在那儿，一句话也没说。 单元写作：人际关系 本单元的写作任务为学习如何就人际关系问题理性寻求建议或者给出他人建议，关键词为沟通与成长。在人际交往中，我们难免遇到误解、矛盾或困惑，学习以理性、温暖的方式提供建议，不仅能帮助他人，也能提升我们自己处理人际问题的能力。 写作要点： 第一段：表达同情+写作目的 第二段：提出建议 第三段：表达希望 ※写作模板 Offering Advice to Help a Friend I was really sorry to hear that you’re going through a tough time. Please remember that it’s completely normal to feel this way, and I’m writing to share a few thoughts that might help.” I suggested that you could first _______________________ (具体建议一), and then try to _______________________ (具体建议二). I also shared my own experience of _______________________ (可分享相关个人经历以增强说服力). I’m confident that things will get better for you soon. Please don’t hesitate to reach out if you want to talk more. Wishing you peace and strength.” ※开头常用句式 表达关心 I was really sorry to hear that you’re going through a tough time. It truly saddens me to know that you’re feeling so down lately. I can only imagine how difficult this must be for you. 安慰与鼓励 Please remember that it’s completely normal to feel this way sometimes. You’re not alone in this — many people go through similar challenges. I want you to know that I’m here for you, no matter what. 表明目的 I’m writing to share a few thoughts that might help you through this. I hope my advice can offer you some comfort and practical support. I’ve put together some suggestions that helped me when I was in a similar situation. ※主体段落常用句式 引入建议 Based on my own experience, I’d suggest first… One thing that might help is to… Why not try…? It could make a difference. 分步建议 To start with, you could consider… After that, it might be useful to… Another option would be to… 分享个人经历 I remember when I faced something similar, I… What worked for me was…, and I hope it might help you too. I once felt the same way, and what helped me was… ※结尾常用句式 表达信心 I’m confident that things will get better for you soon. You have the strength to overcome this — I believe in you. Take things one step at a time; you’re stronger than you think. 送上祝福 Wishing you peace and strength during this time. I hope these suggestions bring you some relief and clarity. May you find comfort and renewed energy in the days ahead. 保持联系 Please don’t hesitate to reach out if you want to talk more. I’m always here to listen whenever you need me. 一、单词拼写 （A）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He takes a deep ________(breathe) and continues to climb the mountain. 2. My partner's ____________(annoy) behavior annoyed me so much that my voice began to trembled. 3. The chair is ______________ and you can adjust it to your height. The _________ is not difficult to make.(adjust) 4. Most of us are longing to be____________(independence) of our parents, which shows that we' ve grown up; but when meeting with difficulties, we’ ll have to depend on them. 5. Mother is always __________ (concern)about me. However, I wasn't aware of this when I was a kid. 6. We are sure (come) up with a strategy by tomorrow. 7. Tom felt _____________ (embarrass) because the fault he made was __________________(embarrass). 8. I hope you will accept my (apologize) and forgive me for my fault. 9. (give) enough protection, some endangered animals can be protected from extinction. 10. Not (treat) fairly, Tom sent a WeChat message to the agony aunt to share his feelings. 【答案】 1.breath 2.annoying 3.adjustable;adjustment 4.independent 5.concerned 6.to come 7.embarrassed;embarrassing 8.apology 9.Given 10.treated 【解析】 1.解析：根据语境考查固定搭配 take a deep breath（深呼吸），故填 breath。句意：他深吸一口气，继续爬山。 2. 解析：根据语境修饰 behavior，需用形容词。annoy 是动词，形容词形式为 annoying（令人烦恼的）或 annoyed（感到烦恼的）。此处描述行为本身令人烦恼，应用 annoying。故填 annoying。句意：我搭档令人恼火的行为让我如此烦躁，以至于我的声音开始颤抖。 3.解析：第一空描述椅子特性，需用形容词 adjustable（可调节的）。第二空作主语，需用名词adjustment（调整）。故填 adjustable; adjustment。句意：这把椅子是可调节的，你可以根据身高调整它。调整并不难进行。 4. 解析：根据语境考查固定搭配 be independent of，independence 是名词，形容词为 independent。故填 independent。句意：我们大多数人都渴望独立于父母，这表明我们已经长大；但遇到困难时，我们仍不得不依赖他们。 5. 解析：考查固定搭配be concerned about 表示“关心，担心”。故填 concerned。句意：母亲总是关心我。然而，我小时候并没有意识到这一点。 6.解析：考查固定搭配be sure to do sth 表示“一定会做某事”。故用不定式 to come。句意：我们确信明天前会想出一个策略。 7. 解析：第一空描述 Tom 的感受，需用-ed 结尾形容词 embarrassed（感到尴尬的）；第二空他犯的错误是令人尴尬的embarrassing。故填 embarrassed; embarrassing。句意：汤姆感到尴尬，因为他犯的错误令人尴尬。 8. 解析：根据语境“接受我的道歉”，accept 后接名词。apologize 是动词，名词形式为 apology。my 后接名词，用单数。故填 apology。句意：我希望你能接受我的道歉，并原谅我的过错。 9. 解析：逻辑主语 some endangered animals 与 give 之间是被动关系（被给予保护），需用过去分词 Given 表条件，相当于 If they are given...。故填 Given。句意：如果得到足够的保护，一些濒危动物就能免于灭绝。 10. 解析：逻辑主语 Tom 与 treat 之间是被动关系（未被公平对待），需用过去分词 treated 表原因，相当于 Because he was not treated...。故填 treated。句意：因为没有得到公平对待，汤姆给知心大姐发了微信消息分享自己的感受。 （B）根据首字母及句意写出单词 11. We c________________ you because we wanted to help you, not find fault with you. 12. At present, I am in a m________ in my heart and need someone to help me out. 13. It's your f _____________to let the dog loose and run away. 14.The best strategy to r_______________ the problem is to apologise to him. 15. To my embarrassment, my parents have never f______________ me for my fault. 16. I feel it my d_____________ to pull my weight and help them out. 17. Look！It's like a ______________ (信号) when a ship sinks.We should rescue it immediately. 18. He recognized his fault and _____________(确保) that would never make the same mistake again. 19. The company's sales _______________ (策略) let us down. 20. There are two approaches to resolve that, but they will increase the _________________ (复杂性) of the test. 【答案】11.criticized 12.mess 13.fault 14.resolve 15.forgiven 16.duty 17.signal 18.ensured 19.strategies 20.complexity 【解析】 11. 解析：根据语境可推断空格处为“批评”之意。由wanted可知主句也应用过去时，主语we为复数，故填criticised/criticized。句意：我们批评你是因为我们想帮助你，而不是挑你的毛病。 12.解析：根据语境可推断空格为“困境、混乱”之意，考查固定搭配in a mess，意为“处于混乱/困境中”，故填mess。 句意：目前，我心乱如麻，需要有人帮我走出来。 13.解析：根据语境“让狗松开跑掉”是“你的……”，可推断为“过错、过失”之意，故填fault。句意：让狗松开并跑掉是你的过错。 14. 解析：根据语境可推断空格处为“解决、处理”之意，不定式to后接动词原形，故填resolve。句意：解决这个问题的最佳策略是向他道歉。 15. 解析：根据语境“从未……我的过错”，可推断为“原谅”之意。现在完成时（have never）后接过去分词，故填forgiven。句意：令我难堪的是，我的父母从未原谅过我的过错。 16. 解析：根据语境“尽自己的力量帮助他们是我的……”，可推断为“责任”之意。考查固定搭配feel it one‘s duty to do sth.（觉得做某事是自己的责任），故填duty。句意：我觉得尽自己的一份力量帮助他们是我的责任。 17. 解析：根据中文提示“信号”及语境“船沉没时”，应填入signal，前面有冠词a，用单数形式，故填 signal。句意：看！这就像船沉没时发出的信号。我们应该立即救援。 18. 解析：根据中文提示“确保”及并列结构（recognized and…），应填入动词过去式。确保为ensured后接that从句，表示确保的内容，故填ensured。句意：他认识到了自己的错误，并确保不会再犯同样的错误。 19. 解析：根据中文提示“策略”及语境“销售……让我们失望”，应填入strategy。由sales修饰，常用复数形式strategies，表示一系列策略，故填strategies。句意：公司的销售策略让我们失望了。 20. 解析：根据中文提示“复杂性”及定冠词the，应填入对应英文名词。复杂性为complexity，为不可数名词，故填complexity。句意：解决那个问题有两种策略，但它们会增加测试的复杂性。 二、选词填空 help out, let down, let off steam, take a breath, pull one's weight, by accident loose lips sink ships, find fault with, apologise to, concentrate on , 21. When I was in a bad mood, I would go for a run to ____________. 22. It was _____________ that I found my missing ring in my garden. 23. He went onto the stage with his legs trembling, ____________ and began his speech. 24. In my opinion, ______________ is not only a good quality but our duty. 25. He is always willing to ______________ whenever I am in trouble, for which I appreciate greatly. 26. There is nothing worse than to ____________by people who have not kept their promises. 27. It is your fault to let off steam. I think you'd her. 28.As the saying goes, “ .” Therefore,the best strategy is to talk less and do more. 29. I am angry with Jack because he is always everything I do. 30.We should _ finding a solution to this problem. 【答案】 21.let off steam 22.by accident 23. took a breath 24.pulling our weight 25.help out 26.be let down 27.apologise to 28.loose lips sink ships 29.finding fault with 30.concentrate on 【解析】 21. 解析：根据语境“心情不好时去跑步”，可推断考查固定搭配 let off steam “发泄情绪、释放压力”，符合句意，且不定式to后接动词原形。故填 let off steam。句意：当我心情不好时，我会去跑步发泄一下。 22. 解析：根据语境“在花园里找到丢失的戒指”，可推断这是“偶然的、意外的”。故填 by accident。句意：我是在花园里偶然找到我丢失的戒指的。 23.解析：根据语境“双腿颤抖地上台，……然后开始演讲”，可推断考查固定搭配 take a breath。句子为并列过去时动作，故用过去式 took a breath。故填 took a breath。句意：他双腿颤抖地走上台，吸了一口气，然后开始演讲。 24.解析：根据语境可推断考查“尽职尽责、尽力”pull one‘s weight 。句中主语为抽象概念，用动名词短语 pulling our weight 表示。故填 pulling our weight。句意：在我看来，尽职尽责不仅是一种好品质，更是我们的责任。 25.解析：根据语境“每当我遇到麻烦时，他总是愿意……”，可推断考查固定短语 help out“提供帮助、帮忙摆脱困境”。且be willing to后接动词原形。故填 help out。句意：每当我遇到麻烦时，他总是乐意相助，我对此非常感激。 26. 解析：根据语境“被不守承诺的人……”，可推断是“令人失望”。句中为不定式的被动语态，故用 be let down。故填 be let down。句意：没有什么比被不守承诺的人辜负更糟糕的了。 27. 解析：根据语境可推断考查固定搭配 apologise to sb. 意为“向某人道歉”。句中had better后接动词原形。故填 apologise to。句意：你发脾气是你的错。我认为你最好向她道歉。 28. 解析：根据结论“少说多做”，可推断谚语与“言多必失、祸从口出”，故填 Loose lips sink ships。句意：俗话说：“祸从口出。”因此，最好的策略是少说多做。 29.解析：根据语境考查固定短语 find fault with 意为“挑剔、找茬”。句中与is always构成现在进行时态，强调一贯行为，故用 finding fault with。故填 finding fault with。句意：我对杰克很生气，因为他总是挑剔我做的每件事。 30.解析：根据语境“我们应该……寻找这个问题的解决方案”，可推断是“集中精力、专注于”。且should后接动词原形。故填 concentrate on。句意：我们应该专注于寻找这个问题的解决方案。 三、阅读理解 （24-25高一·广东江门·期中） “I’m going to fail!” My best friend cried. She and I had this conversation almost every day while we were in high school. The truth was that my friend never failed in any subjects. I just think that she can’t accept failures because she lives her life as a perfectionist (完美主义者). What she fails to understand is that a lot of good can come from failures. For example, failure can help build relationships. Once I was cooking dinner for a friend, I was tired, and several dishes I tried to make turned out bad. I grew more and more upset until my friend told me that I shouldn’t worry. She cared more about our friendship than the dishes. That day, I learned that failure doesn’t always make people dislike you. In fact, after she said those words to me, I grew closer to her. Failure can make success evermore exciting. Every few years, there would be an important test in the PE class at our school. Students had to run a mile within eight minutes. I was never good at running, so I failed every time until the third year at school. Then I began working out regularly, and yet still failed that year. A few days later, however, the teacher gave me and some other students another chance to run and I got a pass finally! You can’t imagine how excited I was after that. I felt the memory of the success was as sweet as honey, because I had to overcome failure to reach it. Now it’s clear to see that failure can teach us good lessons. It’s not an end—it can be a beginning. 31．What did the author finally get from a failed cooking? A．Worries. B．A closer friendship. C．Bad feelings. D．More experience. 32．Why did the author feel excited after the running test? A．Because she could work out regularly. B．Because she received honey as a reward. C．Because she achieved success after many failures. D．Because she got another chance to take the test. 33．What does the underlined word “overcome” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Successfully deal with. B．Quickly respond to. C．Narrowly escape from D．Eagerly come up with. 34．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A．to show the negative effects of failures B．to point out her best friends fear of failures C．to introduce different types of failures D．to encourage the readers to face failures bravely 【答案】31.B 32.C 33.A 34.D 【解析】 篇章导读：这是一篇记叙文。作者通过叙述自己失败后获得成功的故事，鼓励读者勇敢地面对失败。 31.细节理解题。根据第三段的 That day, Ilearned that failure doesn't always make peopledislike you. In fact, after she said those wordsto me, I grew closer to her (那天，我学到了失败并不总会让人们不喜欢你。事实上，在她对我说了那些话之后，我和她关系更亲近了) ，可知作者在那次做饭失败后，她和朋友的关系更亲近了。故选B。 32.细节理解题。根据第四段的I was never good at running,so I failed every time until the third year at school. Then I began working out regularly,and yet still failed that year. A few days later,however, the teacher gave me another chanceto run and I got a pass finally！You can't imagine how excited I was after that (我从来都不擅长跑步，所以我每次都失败了，直到学校三年级。然后我开始定期锻炼，但那一年还是失败了。然而几天后，老师又给我一次跑步的机会，我终于通过了考试。你无法想象在那之后我是多么的激动)，可知，作者是经历多次失败后成功通过了考试，所以她很激动。故选C。 33.词句猜测题。根据本段的I was never good at running,so I failed every time until the third year at school. Then I began working out regularly,and yet still failed that year. A few days later,however, the teacher gave me another chance to run and I got a pass finally！You can't imagine how excited I was after that (我从来都不擅长跑步，所以我每次都失败了，直到学校三年级。然后我开始定期锻炼，但那一年还是失败了。然而几天后，老师又给我一次跑步的机会，我终于通过了考试。你无法想象在那之后我是意见反馈激动)，以及本句I felt the memory of the success was as sweet as honey, because I had to overcome failure to reach it (我觉得成功的记忆像蜂蜜一样甜蜜，因为我必须overcome失败才能实现它) ，可知"to reach it"的代词"it"指代前面在跑步上获得的成功，所以overcome表示"克服"。A. Successfully deal with (成功处理) ; B.Quickly respond to (快速响应) ; C.Narrowly escape from (勉强逃离); D.Eagerly come up with (急切地想出)。故选A。 34写作目的题。通读全文可知叙述自己失败后获得成功的故事，特别是最后一段的 Now its clear to see that failure can teach us good lessons. It's not an end, but it can be a beginning (现在很明显，失败可以给我们很好的教训。这不是结束，它可能是一个开始) ，可推知作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励读者勇敢面对失败，故选D。 四、七选五 It's sometimes hard to understand a teenager.It's even harder if a teenager doesn't agree with you. 35_________ Listen to what the teenager has to say. 36_________While you may not entirely agree with what he's saying, the tension will be lessened if the teenager feels like you are listening and trying to understand him.Also, he might return the favor and give you the chance to talk as well. It's best to have a conversation where both of your opinions matter rather than fight and possibly hurt each other in the process. Understand that while teenager may appear grown up and perhaps even sound matured, his mind has not fully developed, and he cannot think like an adult all the time. 37_______However, this doesn't mean you' re completely right or he deserves to be ridiculed or treated like a child. 38___________ However, remember that the teenager should understand when“no” is"no”. Avoid bringing up a compromise every time you disagree on something. This might teach him that he can always get away with what he wants, whenever he wants it. If the conversation launches into an argument,stop it. Tell him that you both need to calm down and think clearly or the problem will never be solved. If he refuses to listen and continues arguing, step out of the room and allow time for both of you to settle down. Do not scold him or shout back. Your words will possibly be lost on the teenager since you both are too angry to listen to each other. 39____________ A. Come up with a compromise if the situation allows one. B. He still needs to learn, and he doesn't know every-thing. C. Avoid having a bad tone, including accusations in your words. D. This article tells you how to disagree with a teenag-er in a kind manner. E. Find the good points the teenager has and mention the negative points too. F. People like being listened to, so give him the chance to express his opinion. G. Bring up the topic after a while and make sure you listen to each other patiently. 【答案】35.D 36.F 37.B 38.A 39.G 【解析】 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何以一种友好的方式不同意一个青少年的观点。 35. D 根据上文“It's even harder if a teenager doesn't agree with you.(如果一个青少年不同意你的观点，那就更难了。)”可知，D项 (这篇文章告诉你如何以一种友好的方式不同意一个青少年的观点。）承上启下，统领下文。 36. F 根据设空前“Listen to what the teenager has to say.（聆听这个孩子说了什么。）”可知，这段讲述的是要倾听。F项（人们喜欢被倾听，所以给他表达自己观点的机会。）与话题一致，并且与上下文意思衔接紧密。 37. B 根据设空前“Understand that while teenager may appear grown up and perhaps even sound matured, his mind has not fully developed, and he cannot think like an adult all the time.（要知道，虽然青少年可能看起来已经长大了，甚至听起来也成熟了，但他的思维还没有完全发展，他不能一直像一个成年人那样思考。）”可知，B项（他仍然需要学习，他不是什么都知道。）与上文衔接紧密。选项中he指代的就是上句的teenager. 38. A 设空处是本段的主题句。根据形式一致的原则设空处应为祈使句。根据设空后的However，可知设空处与下文为转折关系；再根据设空后“Avoid bringing up a compromise every time you disagree on something. This might teach him that he can always get away with what he wants,whenever he wants it.（每次你不同意某件事的时候避免妥协。这也许会使他明白，他不可能什么时候都能得到他想要的。）”可知，A项（如果情况允许，提出一个折中方案。）符合语境。 39. G 根据设空前“Your words will possibly be lost on the teenager since you both are too angry to listen to each other.（你的话很可能对方听不进去，因为你们都太生气了。）”可知，G项（过一会儿再提出这个话题，确保你们耐心地倾听对方。）与上一句意思衔接紧密。 五、完形填空 I met my best friend Tom when we were 12. We bonded over our love for basketball and quickly became 40______. We walked to school together, shared snacks, and even dreamed of playing on the same college team. But things took a turn when we entered high school. Tom joined the basketball team and started spending most of his time with his new teammates. I felt deeply 41______________ and began to think he no longer cared about our friendship. One day, we had a heated argument about a basketball game. I 42__________ him of ignoring me for his teammates, and he shouted back that I was being too childish. We didn’t talk for weeks after that. I was 43_____________ and sad, but my pride stopped me from reaching out to say sorry. Every time I passed him in the hallway, I just 44___________ my head and walked away quickly. Then, on a rainy afternoon, I heard a soft knock on my door. I opened it and saw Tom standing outside with an umbrella in his hand. He looked nervous and handed me a crumpled（皱巴巴的） letter. In it, he wrote that he missed our old days 45_______ and that being on the team didn’t change how much he 46_______________ our friendship. He also explained he’d been so 47_____________ with daily practice that he had no extra time, but he had always kept me in his heart. Reading the letter, I felt warm tears 48_____________ down my cheeks. I apologized for being so 49________________ and not understanding his situation. He forgave me right away and smiled through his own tears. We hugged tightly, and the sound of the rain seemed to 50_________ all our misunderstandings. From then on, we learned to communicate our feelings openly and never let small arguments 51_________________ our friendship again. We made a 52_________to make time for each other no matter how busy we were. True friendship, we realized, doesn’t mean being together all the time. It requires patience, understanding, and a willingness to 53____________ each other’s faults. This experience taught me that the best relationships are the ones we 54___________ for, even when it’s hard. 40 A. separate B. inseparable C. similar D. familiar 41. A. left out B. put out C. given out D. cut out 42. A. warned B. cheated C. accused D. reminded 43. A. lonely B. angry C. calm D. proud 44. A. nodded B. shook C. raised D. hung 45. A. smoothly B. terribly C. formally D. gradually 46 A. valued B. forgot C. changed D. doubted 47. A. bored B. busy C. pleased D. satisfied 48. A. jumping B. moving C. rolling D. running 49. A. brave B. stubborn C. honest D. careless 50. A. wash away B. pass away C. take away D. put away 51. A. protect B. develop C. damage D. improve 52. A.breakthrough B. quarrel C. difference D. promise 53. A. hide B. accept C. correct D. avoid 54. A. fight B. look C. wait D. care 【答案】 40-44 BACAD 45-49 BABCB 50-54 ACDBA 篇章导读：本文通过叙述“我”与好友汤姆从亲密到疏远，最终通过真诚沟通重归于好的经历，探讨了友谊中误解的产生、情感的波动，以及修复关系所需的核心要素。 40. B. inseparable考查形容词：前文体现二人友谊亲密，inseparable表“形影不离的”；A“分离的”、C“相似的”、D“熟悉的”均不符语境。 41 A. left out 考查介词短语：固定搭配，表“被冷落、被排除在外”，对应Tom与队友相处多的语境；B“扑灭”、C“分发”、D“删掉”为形近短语干扰。 42. C. accused考查动词及固定搭配：accuse sb. of doing sth，表“指责某人做某事”，对应后文 “ignoring me”的内容；A“警告”、B“欺骗”、D“提醒”无此搭配且不符语境。 43. A. lonely考查形容词：前文“数周不说话”以及后文“sad”，体现作者孤独感；B“生气的”、C“平静的”、D“骄傲的”与“sad”并列逻辑不符。 44. D. hung考查动词，hang此处为熟词生义，hung one’s head是固定搭配，表“低下头（因尴尬/难过）”；A“点头”、B“摇晃”、C“抬起”不符合此处表示回避的语境。 45. B. terribly 考查副词：terribly 作副词表示十分，非常，此处他十分想念我们过去的旧时光；A“光滑地”、C“正式地”、D“逐渐地”。 46. A. valued考查动词；value做动词为“重视、珍视”，对应后文“kept me in his heart”；B“忘记”、C“改变”、D“怀疑”与文意相反。 47. B. busy考查形容词，固定搭配be busy with sth表“忙于某事”，对应后文“no extra time”；A“无聊的”、C“高兴的”、D“满意的”不符语境。 48. C. rolling考查固定搭配roll down固定搭配，表“滚落”，专指眼泪、汗珠滑落；A“跳”、B“移动”、D“跑”无此搭配且不贴合眼泪动作。 49. B. stubborn考查形容词：前文“骄傲让我不愿道歉”体现作者“固执的”；stubborn表“固执的、倔强的”；A“勇敢的”、C“诚实的”、D“粗心的”均不符。 50. A. wash away考查动词短语表“冲走、消除”，雨水象征消除误会；B“去世”、C“拿走”、D“收拾”为形近短语干扰。 51.C. damage考查动词：结合前文误会差点毁友谊的语境，damage表“损害、破坏”；A“保护”、B“发展”、D“提升”与文意相反。 52. D. promise考查名词 promise为承诺，我们做出承诺无论多忙，都要为对方腾出时间。A“突破”、B“吵架”、C“差异”不符合语境。 53. B. accept考查动词：结合友谊“包容”的核心，accept表“接受”彼此的缺点；A“隐藏”、C“纠正”、D“避免”均不符主题。 54. A. fight考查动词：fight for表“为……努力争取”，指克服困难维系关系； B“寻找”、C“等待”D“关心”不符合语境。 六、语法填空 Kang Yu, a 24-year-old volunteer teacher in a remote town in the mountains of Yunnan Province,was teaching calligraphy to the eighth graders when all of 55_________ sudden, the clouds seemed to burst and the electricity went out. 56__________ (see) that the students were staring at the rain, Kang 57___________ (immediate) got a burst of inspiration. She told them to go outside, under a shelter, to enjoy the rain and come back to write something like a poem. Much 58__________ her surprise, the works written by the students were far beyond her expectations! Inspired by that class, Kang 59____________(found) the non-profit, Enlighten Our Future, to help Chinese young- sters improve their mental well-being and their exam grades through poetry composition and 60_______ (appreciate). She managed to persuade 13 school to adopt the“Four Season Poetry Lessons”project, with a teaching plan, content 61________ method she provided. So far, the poetry lessons 62_______ (design) by the nonprofit have helped 680,000 students in 823 primary and middle schools, mostly in poor areas. Now Enlighten Our Future is run by three full-time workers, including Kang, 60 part-time workers, 280 backups and more than 1,000 volunteers. “What's great about poetry is that it can help one to find an 63___________ (effect) way to communicate with oneself,” she says. “64________ they need is not sympathy, but recognition, which I think will influence their whole life.” 55.____________ 56.______________ 57.______________ 58.__________ 59.___________ 60.___________ 61._______________ 62.______________ 63._________ 64.____________ 【答案】55. a 56.Seeing 57.immediately 58.to 59. founded 60.appreciation 61.and 62.designed 63.effective 64.What 【解析】 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。云南山区一个偏远小镇的志愿教师康宇受到一堂观雨写诗课的启发创立了非营利组织“启迪我们的未来”，旨在通过诗歌创作和鉴赏来帮助孩子们提高心理健康水平和学习成绩。55. a 考查冠词。all of a sudden是固定短语，表示“突然地”，故填a. 56.Seeing 考查非谓语动词。Kang与see是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，句首首字母大写，故填Seeing. immediately 考查词性转换。修饰动词got用副词，故填immediately. to 考查介词。to one's surprise表示“使某人惊讶的是”，故填to. founded 考查谓语动词。Kang 创建了这个非营利组织，和found是主动关系，且为一般过去时，故填founded。 60.appreciation 考查词性转换。此处与前面的“composition”并列，用名词形式作介词through的宾语，表示抽象意义，不可数。故填appreciation. 61.and 考查连词。Teaching plan，content均为名词，和method并列，故填and. 62.designed 考查非谓语动词。lessons与design是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填designed. 63.effective考查词性转换。句意：她说，“诗歌的伟大之处在于，它可以帮助人们找到一种与自己沟通的有效方式。”修饰名词way应用形容词，故填effective. 65. what考查主语从句的引导词。此处为主语从句，从句中缺主语，指物，句首首字母大写,故填What. 七、书面表达 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的外国笔友Tom写信向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给他写一封回信。要点如下： 1.表示理解并给予安慰；2.提出建议并说明理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:脾气,情绪 temper 【答案】 Dear Tom, I'm terribly sorry to know that you' re having such a bad time. The truth is everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be wrong, so you don't have to worry so much. Hope my suggestions will be useful to you. First of all, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is.a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. In addition, go outdoors and play team games with your friends, as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. I hope you' ll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal. Yours Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $