摘要:
这是一份初中英语八年级下册(YL版)期末复习课件,围绕词汇、语法、写作三大模块构建学习支架。包含基础诊断(A卷)检测薄弱,专项上分集训(填词、单选、短文填空等)针对性练习,提优验收(B卷)综合提升,助力学生系统巩固学期重点。
资料特色在于分层训练与核心素养融合,如词汇集训通过语境填词(如“polite”“attention”)提升语言运用能力,语法练习结合英国礼仪短文填空渗透文化意识,写作翻译题培养思维逻辑。详细解析帮助学生自主学习,为教师提供精准教学资源,有效提升学生期末复习效率和综合语言能力。八年级学生处于初中承上启下阶段,需巩固基础并逐步适应中考题型,该资料能帮助他们查漏补缺,为后续学习奠定坚实基础。
内容正文:
英 语
八年级下册 YL
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2
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专项上分集训(一)
词汇&语法&写作
词汇上分 - 练透词汇
语法上分 - 练透语法
写作上分 - 练透写作
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词汇集训
语法集训
写作集训
目 录
鼠标轻轻一点,内容立即呈现
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编者按:先做基础诊断(A卷)检测薄弱,再到专项上分集训进行错题对应练习,
补足短板,最后做提优验收(B卷)综合提升。
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词汇集训
Ⅰ.根据汉语或首字母提示填词
1.Both boys had good ________ (礼貌), politely shaking hands.
2.Once the caller has introduced himself or herself, you can ___________ (称呼)
the caller properly.
3.We should _____________ (意识到) the importance of getting enough sleep
for our health.
4.The dress in the shop window looks very beautiful, but it’s too expensive. I
can’t _______ (买得起) it.
5.Your pen writes so _________ (顺畅地).Where did you buy it?
manners
address/call
realize/realise
afford
smoothly
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6.Everyone should actively join in this c ______ show to raise money for the
poor.
7.Their father is too s _____ and puts too much pressure on his children.
8.Anyone who does anything against the law will end up being p ________.
9.Don’t change it easily if you make a p _______.Or your friends will not trust
you.
10.In order to keep world p _____, we need to fight against war.
harity
trict
unished
romise
eace
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Ⅱ.单项选择
11.—Have you heard of the saying “Fall down seven times, stand up eight.”?
—Yes, it means you may fail many times, but you keep going to ________ your
dreams.( )
A
A.achieve B.record C.choose D.change
【解析】考查动词。achieve意为“实现”;record意为“记录”;choose意为“选择”;
change意为“改变”。此处表示“实现梦想”,achieve符合语境。故选A项。
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12.—Now scientists are starting using AI to talk with animals in their languages.
—Sounds ________ to be true. How does it work?( )
B
A.good enough B.too good C.easy enough D.too bad
【解析】考查固定搭配。too good to be true是固定搭配,表示“好得难以令人相
信”。故选B项。
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13.—China has formed a deep friendship with countries around the world.
—That’s true. We are working ________ together in many fields.( )
A
A.closely B.nervously C.hardly D.humorously
【解析】考查副词。句意为:——中国与世界各国建立了深厚的友谊。——确实
如此。我们正在很多领域紧密地合作。closely意为“紧密地”;nervously意为“紧张
地”;hardly意为“几乎不”;humorously意为“幽默地”。结合a deep friendship可知,
双方应是“紧密合作”,closely符合语境。故选A项。
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14.—The oil on the earth will ________ one day.
—I think so. We should make good use of it.( )
C
A.find out B.give out C.run out D.sell out
【解析】考查动词短语。句意为:——地球上的石油终有一天会用完。——我认
为是这样的。我们应该好好利用它。find out意为“查明”;give out意为“分发”;
run out意为“用完;耗尽”;sell out意为“卖完”。结合答语可知此处指石油会“耗
尽”,run out符合语境。故选C项。
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15.Rose builds 15 beds for homeless dogs in her community. It’s ________ not
only to the dogs but also to the community.( )
A
A.meaningful B.polite C.natural D.healthy
【解析】考查形容词。meaningful意为“有意义的”;polite意为“礼貌的”;natural意
为“自然的”;healthy意为“健康的”。为流浪狗搭建狗窝是公益行为,对狗和社区都
是“有意义的”,meaningful符合语境。故选A项。
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16.In order to better protect giant pandas, we need to help ________ the giant
pandas to go back to the wild.( )
C
A.count B.donate C.train D.invite
【解析】考查动词。句意为:为了更好地保护大熊猫,我们需要帮助训练大熊猫
回归野外。count意为“数数”;donate意为“捐赠”;train意为“训练”;invite意为“邀
请”。大熊猫回归野外前需要适应野外生存,因此需要“训练”,train符合语境。故
选C项。
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17.—What is your key to success?
—I believe that nothing difficult will be ________ if I put my heart into
it.( )
B
A.by the way B.in the way C.on the way D.in some ways
【解析】考查短语。by the way意为“顺便说一下”;in the way意为“阻碍;挡路”;
on the way意为“在途中”;in some ways意为“在某些方面”。结合语境,故选B项。
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18.The TV series To the Wonder (《我的阿勒泰》) really makes a great
________ to Altay (阿勒泰).And it has become a great place for
travelling.( )
A
A.difference B.surprise C.chance D.problem
【解析】difference意为“差异”;surprise意为“惊喜”;chance意为“机会”;problem
意为“问题”。make a great difference to是固定短语,意为“对……产生很大影响”,
符合语境。故选A项。
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19.He is just like a ________ man if he doesn’t wear glasses.( )
B
A.deaf B.blind C.poor D.homeless
【解析】考查形容词。句意为:如果他不戴眼镜,他就像一个盲人。deaf意为“聋
的”;blind意为“盲的;看不见的”;poor意为“贫穷的”;homeless意为“无家可归的”。
眼镜的作用是帮助视力不佳的人看清事物,不戴眼镜会看不清,像盲人一样,
blind符合语境。故选B项。
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20.Last weekend, John didn’t go to the cinema.________, he went to an old
people’s home.( )
C
A.Otherwise B.Moreover C.Instead D.But
【解析】考查副词和连词。句意为:上周末,约翰没有去看电影。相反,他去了
养老院。otherwise意为“否则”;moreover意为“此外”;instead意为“反而;相反”;
but意为“但是”。根据空后的逗号及语境可知,Instead符合题意。故选C项。
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Ⅲ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
21.Is there anything else you’d like to talk to our _______ (read)?
readers
【解析】our后接名词,read的名词reader(读者)符合语境;此处表示复数概念,
应用其复数形式。故填readers。
22.British people think it ________ (polite) to talk about subjects like age,
weight or salary.
impolite
【解析】根据常识可知,英国人忌讳谈论此类话题,故此处应填 polite的反义词,
构成“think it+形容词+to do sth”结构。故填impolite。
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23.The sick in poor areas in my country don’t have to pay for medical
______________ (treat).
treatment(s)
【解析】句意为:在我国的贫困地区,病人不必支付医疗费用。medical是形容词,
后接名词;treat对应的名词是treatment(治疗),作可数名词或不可数名词,结合
语境,故填treatment(s)。
24.We should learn the ___________ (different) between British English and
American English. They’re useful for our study.
differences
【解析】learn是及物动词,后接名词作宾语,different(不同的)对应的名词是
difference(区别);结合They’re,故填differences。
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25.It’s great for us to work _______ (close) with the special athletes and help
them achieve their dreams.
closely
【解析】句意为:对我们来说,与特殊运动员紧密合作并帮助他们实现梦想是很
棒的。此处修饰动词work,应用副词,结合语境,故填closely。
26.Smoking is ________ (harm) to our health, so we must keep away from it.
harmful
【解析】句意为:吸烟对我们的健康有害,所以我们必须远离它。be 动词后接形
容词作表语;be harmful to是固定短语,意为“对…… 有害”。故填harmful。
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27.It’s necessary to teach teenagers to spend their pocket money _______
(wise).
wisely
【解析】句意为:教青少年明智地花零花钱是有必要的。此处修饰动词spend,应
用副词。故填wisely。
28.Gulliver found himself _______ (able) to move. His arms and legs were
tied to the ground.
unable
【解析】根据“His arms and legs were tied to the ground.”可知,他不能动了,
故填able的反义词unable(不能的)。
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29.Come on, everybody! We still need a further __________ (discuss) on this
project.
discussion
【解析】句意为:大家加油!关于这个项目,我们还需要进一步讨论。a后接可数
名词单数。故填discussion。
30.Tom was riding too __________(care).As a result, his bike rushed into the
river.
carelessly
【解析】句意为:汤姆骑车太粗心了。结果,他的自行车冲进了河里。根据 his
bike rushed into the river可知,他骑车很粗心;此处修饰动词,应用副词。故填
carelessly。
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Ⅳ.方框选词
limit on board carry on yet similar
31.Lucy and her twin sister look very _______.
similar
【解析】句意为:露西和她的双胞胎妹妹看起来非常像。look是系动词,后接形
容词作表语;结合twin sister可知,此处表示“相似的”,similar符合语境。故填
similar。
32.Welcome _________! We wish you a safe and pleasant journey.
on board
【解析】welcome on board是固定表达,常用于交通工具(飞机、船、火车等)
上,符合语境。故填on board。
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33.We have strict laws to _____ air and water pollution.
limit
【解析】句意为:我们有严格的法律来限制空气和水污染。此处不定式符号 to后
接动词原形;结合strict laws和pollution可知,法律的作用是“限制”污染,limit符合
语境。故填limit。
34.Whenever there is trouble, Dad tells me to keep calm and _________.
carry on
【解析】句意为:每当遇到麻烦时,爸爸都告诉我要保持冷静并坚持干。结合句
意可知选carry on,此处与keep clam并列,动词应用原形。故填carry on。
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35.The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found
it ____, keep looking.
yet
【解析】此处表示“还未找到”,yet 常用于现在完成时的否定句或疑问句中,意为
“还”,符合语境。故填yet。
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pollute pride divide attention use
36.You must give your full _________ to what you are doing.
attention
【解析】句意为:你必须把全部注意力放在你正在做的事情上。full是形容词,后
接名词;give attention to是固定短语,意为“关注;注意”,符合语境。故填
attention。
37.The _____ car in this store is quite cheap.
used
【解析】句意为:这家店里的二手车相当便宜。此处修饰名词car,用形容词;结
合cheap可知,此处指“用过的;二手的”,选use,used car表示 “二手车”。故填
used。
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38.Mum ________ the cake into four pieces and gave one piece to Jenny.
divided
【解析】结合into four pieces可知,此处表示 “把…… 分成”,用“divide…
into…”;根据gave可知,句子用一般过去时。故填divided。
39.People should recycle to help decrease _________.
pollution
【解析】句意为:人们应该回收利用,以帮助减少污染。decrease是动词,后接名
词作宾语;pollute对应的名词是pollution(污染),为不可数名词,符合语境。故
填pollution。
40.The teacher took ______ in helping his students win the English competition.
pride
【解析】句意为:这位老师为帮助学生赢得英语竞赛而感到自豪。take pride in是
固定短语,意为“为…… 感到自豪”,故填pride。
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语法集训
Ⅴ.单项选择
41.It is not wise ________ teenagers to be crazy about stars. It is more
important ________ them to learn more about Chinese culture.( )
B
A.for;for B.of;for C.of;of D.for;of
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意为:青少年痴迷于明星是不明智的。对他们来说,
更多地了解中国文化更重要。“It is+形容词+of sb to do sth”中,形容词描述人的
品质(如 wise);“It is+形容词+for sb to do sth”中,形容词描述事情的性质。
结合wise和important可知选B项。
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42.The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles.( )
D
A.hold B.are held C.will hold D.will be held
【解析】考查动词。句意为:2028 年奥运会将在洛杉矶举办。2028 年是未来的
时间,用一般将来时;主语与hold是被动关系,用被动语态。故选D项。
43.—Mum, could I join the Summer Camp?
—Of course. You are ________ to decide things by yourself.( )
C
A.too old B.too young C.old enough D.enough old
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意为:——妈妈,我能参加夏令营吗?——当然可以。
你已经足够大了,可以自己决定事情了。“too+形容词+to”表示“太……而不能”;
“形容词+enough+to do”表示 “足够……能做”。结合语境,故选C项。
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44.—I’m going to take the exam tomorrow.
—Take it easy. If you are ________, you will get a good result.( )
C
A.too careful B.too careless C.careful enough D.careless enough
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意为:——我明天要参加考试。——放轻松。如果你
足够细心,就会取得好成绩。结合句意,故选C项。
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45.When Mary ________ help, she often says “Thank you”, even to her family
members.( )
B
A.offers B.is offered C.will offer D.will be offered
【解析】考查动词。句意为:当玛丽被提供帮助时,她经常说“谢谢”,即使对家
人也是如此。Mary与动词offer是被动关系,用被动语态;根据often可知用一般现
在时。主语 Mary是第三人称单数,故选B项。
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46.The food there doesn’t taste as good as it ________.Don’t judge only by your
eyes.( )
C
A.smells B.is smelt C.looks D.is looked
【解析】考查动词。句意为:那里的食物尝起来不如它看起来好。不要只凭你的
眼睛判断。smell意为“闻起来”;look意为“看起来”。感官动词作系动词,无被动语
态,排除B、D两项。结合eyes可知此处指 “看起来”,looks符合语境。故选C项。
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47.—Did the doctors save the old man?
—Yes. He ________ on the morning of 10th May. And now he is out of
danger.( )
D
A.was operated B.operated
C.operated on D.was operated on
【解析】考查动词(短语)。句意为:——医生们救了那个老人吗?——是的。
他在5月10日早上进行了手术。现在他脱离危险了。表示“给某人做手术”,应用
operate on sb,此处表被动,应用被动语态,被动语态中on不可省略,故选D项。
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48.We told him ________ risk ________ in these bad conditions.( )
C
A.not to;travel B.not;travel C.not to;travelling D.not;travelling
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意为:我们告诉他不要在这些恶劣条件下冒险旅行。
tell sb not to do sth是固定搭配,意为“告诉某人不要做某事”,risk doing sth意为
“冒险做某事”,均为固定搭配。故选C项。
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49.—I ________ reading English every morning.
—Great! Now English ________ the most useful communication tool in Britain
and some other countries.( )
B
A.am used to;is used by B.am used to;is used as
C.used to;is used by D.used to;is used as
【解析】考查固定搭配。be used to doing sth意为“习惯于做某事”,used to do
sth意为“过去常常做某事”。根据reading和every morning可知第一空表示“习惯于”。
be used by意为“被…… 使用”;be used as意为“被用作……”。第二空表示“被用
作”。故选B项。
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50.Pay attention to your words. Just as the saying goes, “A tree ________ by its
fruit, and a man by its talk.”( )
B
A.knows B.is known C.knew D.will be known
【解析】考查动词。A tree与动词know是被动关系,用被动语态;时态为一般现
在时,主语A tree是第三人称单数,用is known。故选B项。
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Ⅵ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
51.Mary’s ________ (absent) from class makes her teacher angry.
absence
【解析】句意为:玛丽缺课让她的老师很生气。名词所有格 Mary’s后接名词,
absent(缺席的)对应的名词是absence(缺席),结合makes,故填absence。
52.Alice was ______ (bad) hurt in that accident so she might be absent from
school these days.
badly
【解析】此处修饰形容词hurt(受伤的),用副词;bad对应的副词是badly
(严重地),be badly hurt表示“受重伤”。故填badly。
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53.The _____ (true) of the matter was that we had no other choice but to do
what we should do.
truth
【解析】句意为:事情的真相是,我们别无选择,只能做我们该做的事。结合The
及of可知,此处用名词,true(真实的)对应的名词是truth(真相),结合was,
故填truth。
54.Lu Xun ________ (suffer) from high body temperature but never dropped
his pen.
suffered
【解析】句子描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时;suffer的过去式是suffered,
suffer from表示“遭受(疾病等)”。故填suffered。
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55.Air and water are seriously ________ (pollute) in this area because of the
factories nearby.
polluted
【解析】句意为:由于附近的工厂,这个地区的空气和水受到了严重污染。此处
表示“被污染”,用被动语态;结合空前的are,故填polluted。
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Ⅶ.短文填空
The UK is a country with good manners. Here is some 56.u ______
information for you.
British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake hands
with you when they meet you for the 57.f ____ time. They greet relatives or
58.c _____ friends with a hug. They like to start a conversation with something
like the 59.w _______, holidays, or music. They avoid 60.t _______ about age,
weight and so on.
seful
irst
lose
eather
alking
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In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting
or laughing 61.l __________.If you’re in their way, they’ll say “62.e ______ me”
and wait till you move. British people are 63.p _____ at home too. They say
“please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m
afraid I can’t…” when they want to 64.r ______ something.
When we are in a strange place, we should not only try to understand the
local culture 65.b ___ also respect it.#1.3
【短文填空·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了在英国在社交礼仪、公共行为规范等方面
的礼仪。
oud/loudly
xcuse
olite
efuse
ut
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useful
【解析】根据语境并结合首字母提示可知,此处指有用的信息,应用形容词useful
作定语。故填useful。
57. _____
first
【解析】for the first time意为“第一次”,是固定搭配。故填first。
58. ______
close
【解析】根据“They greet relatives or… friends with a hug.”并结合首字母提示可
知,此处指亲密的朋友。故填close。
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59. ________
weather
【解析】根据start a conversation with something并结合首字母提示及常识可知,
英国人喜欢谈论天气。故填weather。
60. _______
talking
【解析】句意为:他们避免谈论年龄、体重等。talk about意为“谈论”,avoid
doing sth意为“避免做某事”,均为固定搭配。故填talking。
61. ___________
loud/loudly
【解析】根据keep their voice down并结合首字母提示可知,空处表示“大声地”,
应用副词loud/loudly。故填loud/loudly。
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62. _______
excuse
【解析】excuse me表示礼貌请求,为固定用法,符合语境。故填excuse。
63. ______
polite
【解析】根据下文并结合首字母提示可知,英国人在家里也很礼貌。故填polite。
64. _______
refuse
【解析】根据“I’m afraid I can’t…”并结合首字母提示可知,此处指“拒绝”;want
to do sth表示“想要做某事”。故填refuse。
65. ____
but
【解析】“not only… but also…”意为“不仅……而且……”,是固定搭配,符合语
境。故填but。
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写作集训
Ⅷ.根据汉语意思完成句子(每空一词)
66.这些问题将在会议上被逐个讨论。
The problems _____ ____ _________ one by one at the meeting.
will
be
discussed
67.警察成功地解救了陷入困境的游客们。
The police __________________ _____ ____________ the tourists in trouble.
succeeded/managed
in/to
saving/ save
68.志愿者下周会在街上散发传单吗?
Will leaflets be _______ ____ in the street by volunteers next week?
handed
out
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69.如果你想了解更多有关太空的知识,请浏览《时间简史》这本书。
If you want to know more about space, please _____ ________ the book A Brief
History of Time.
look
through
70.上个月,新城中学举行了第14届校运动会。
The 14th school sports meeting of Xincheng Middle School __________
__________ last month.
was /took
held/place
71.在他的老师的帮助下,我相信他在英语方面将会取得巨大的进步。
With his teacher’s help, I’m sure that he’ll ______ ______ _________ in English.
make
great
progress
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72.年轻人习惯通过因特网和朋友保持联系。
Young people are used to ______________ ___ ______ _____ their friends by
the internet.
keeping/staying
in
touch
with
73.当我们小的时候,我们喜欢玩捉迷藏。
We enjoyed ________ _____________ when we were young.
playing
hide-and-seek
74.如果我有足够的钱,我将去外国旅行。
If I have enough money, I’m going to ______ ___ ___ _______ ________.
travel
to
a
foreign
country
75.一些同学痴迷于短视频,这并非明智之举。
It is unwise of some students to ____ ______ about short videos.
be
crazy
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Ⅸ.英汉互译
76.Danny is confident enough to win the match.
______________________________
丹尼足够自信能赢得这场比赛。
77.If you read more books, you will always have something interesting to talk
about!
________________________________________
如果你多读书,你总会有有趣的事情可谈!
78.He always refuses to let me watch my favourite TV show.
____________________________________
他总是不让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。
79.My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.
______________________________
我的问题是我和家人相处不来。
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80.Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time
for proper communication.
______________________________________________________________
也许你可以多做些家务,这样他们就有更多时间进行恰当的交流了。
81.如果你缩短淋浴时间,更多的水将会被节省下来。
_________________________________________________
More water will be saved if you take shorter showers.
82.我的父母经常警告我不要打断别人说话。
______________________________________________
My parents often warn me not to cut in on others.
83.老师说过的话将对我们产生很大的影响。
__________________________________________________
What the teacher said will make a big difference to us.
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84.对这个年轻人来说,有必要尽快戒烟。
___________________________________________________________________
It is necessary for the young man to give up smoking as soon as possible.
85.在慈善商店里,你能买到物美价廉的商品。
__________________________________________________________
You can buy good-quality goods at low prices in a charity shop.
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$