专项上分集训（六）任务型阅-【初中上分卷】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语配套课件（译林版·新教材）

这是一份初中英语八年级下册期末复习课件，聚焦任务型阅读专项集训，包含6篇新素材语篇，每篇配有语篇导读、填空及问答题目和详细解析，为学生提供结构化学习支架。 资料特色突出，融合新课标核心素养，语篇主题涵盖健康、环保、文化差异等，如通过中美拥抱文化对比培养跨文化意识，结合“体重管理年”项目引导分析问题提升思维品质，课件支持WPS编辑和超链接跳转，助力教师高效教学，帮助学生提升语言能力和学习效率。

英 语 八年级下册 YL 1 2 3 专项上分集训（六） 任务型阅 4 Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 3 Passage 4 Passage 5 Passage 6 目 录 鼠标轻轻一点，内容立即呈现 5 Passage 1 新素材 咬指甲的真相 Sometimes, we see some people reading books while biting their nails （指甲）.We may think it is a kind of behaviour that means they are focused. But in fact, it is more than that and science has proved it. Nail biting can begin at an early age. According to a broadcaster （广播公司）, up to about 45 per cent of teenagers bite their nails. There is not an exact answer to explain why people bite their nails. But most commonly, nail biting is said to be a nervous habit. It is done because of 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 stress, boredom or excitement. What’s more, scientists found that people with higher levels of intelligence （智力） are the ones who start biting their nails at an early age. They believe that compared with the average person, those with higher levels of intelligence may feel higher levels of stress more easily. This habit is bad for the biters. It can give them red or sore fingertips. And long-term nail biting can affect （影响） how our nails grow. But don’t worry! There are many ways to stop biting your nails. First, keep your nails clean. The more you focus on taking care of your nails, the less likely you are to start biting them again. Also, when you feel stressed, try to relax. Doing exercise or having a warm bath both help.#1.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nail biting Introduction ·It can start when people are 1.________________. ·Up to about 45 per cent of teenagers have the 2.______. 3.________ ·It has something to do with a nervous habit because people feel stressed, bored or excited. ·The higher levels of intelligence people have, the higher levels of stress they may feel, and the more likely they will bite their nails. Effects （影响） ·It can give them red or sore fingertips. ·Long-term nail biting can affect the 4._____ our nails grow. Solutions ·Keep your nails clean. Focus more on looking after your nails. ·If you feel stressed, it is 5._______ to do exercise or have a warm bath to relax yourself. young/small/little habit Reasons way helpful 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了咬指甲的原因和危害，以及如何停止咬指甲。 1 2 3 4 5 6 1. ________________ young/small/little 【解析】根据第二段中的“Nail biting can begin at an early age.”可知，咬指甲可 能在很小的时候就开始了，are后跟形容词作表语。故填young/small/little。 2. ______ habit 【解析】根据第二段中的“… up to about 45 per cent of teenagers bite their nails.”可知，高达45%的青少年有咬指甲的习惯，the后跟名词。故填habit。 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 3. ________ Reasons 【解析】根据第三段中的“There is not an exact answer to explain why people bite their nails.”及表格右侧内容可知，这里主要讲了咬指甲的原因，用可数名词 复数，且首字母需要大写。故填Reasons。 4. _____ way 【解析】根据“And long-term nail biting can affect how our nails grow.”可知，长 期咬指甲会影响指甲的生长方式。故填way。 5. _______ helpful 【解析】根据“Doing exercise or having a warm bath both help.”可知，感到压力 大时做运动或洗澡是有帮助的，is后跟形容词作表语。故填helpful。 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 Passage 2 [2025江苏南京调研]Now, more and more children take mobile phones. As a result, they spend most of their time on screen. It has been a big problem which always worries parents. Here are some suggestions on how parents can help children balance screen time with playtime. Make rules around screen time early on Before giving your child their first smart phone, make sure that both you and your child learn about online protection, like how to stay away from bad apps. These basic but important rules can lead your child to inform you if they receive any texts from someone they don’t know and not to share their personal information online. 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 Make a contract （合约） for the whole family Come up with the contract together—it could cover everything, such as how long the child can spend in front of the screen, what games they can play without supervision （监督） and how to be punished if they break the family law. 1 2 3 4 5 6 13 Lead by example When making contracts with your child, remember they will be more willing to follow rules if you do too. As a parent, it’s important to be a good model for your child, not only with regard to technology but within everyday life. When staying away from technology, it offers a chance for you all to spend quality time together, knowing one another better. 1 2 3 4 5 6 14 Find the value of physical play It’s clear that you can’t keep children from enjoying screen time. You should find a happy way to help kids to be kids, also let them keep up with, and feel a part of the modern world. You can replace screen time with play and physical activities, and even reward your child with items they enjoy if they reduce the time they spend on screen. 1 2 3 4 5 6 15 How to 1._______ your children’s screen time Some 2._______ _____________f or parents Make rules Learn to protect yourselves online, like 3._________ bad apps. ·With the rules, your child will inform you when receiving texts from 4._________. ·Never share his personal information online. Make a5._______ contract Each member should join in. Everything could be covered: ·The time 6.______ in front of the screen. ·The games played without supervision. ·The punishment if the family law is 7._______. control suggest ions/tips/advice avoiding strangers family spent broken 1 2 3 4 5 6 16 Some 2._______ _____________f or parents Lead byexample ·Parents should be good models for your children. ·Staying away from technology can help you all be 8.______ to each other. Find thevalue ofphysical play ·It is 9.__________ for you to stop them enjoying screen time, but you can replace screen time with play and physical activities. ·Reward children if they spend 10._____ time on screen. suggest ions/tips/advice closer impossible less 续表 1 2 3 4 5 6 17 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文介绍了几点父母如何控制孩子的屏幕时间的建议。 1 2 3 4 5 6 1. _______ control 【解析】根据“Here are some suggestions on how parents can help children balance screen time with playtime.”及下文可知文章就父母如何控制孩子看屏幕的 时间给出了几点建议，故此处应用control表示“控制”，how to do表示“如何做”。 故填control。 2. ____________________ suggestions/tips/advice 【解析】根据“Here are some suggestions on how parents…”可知，文章是给出了 几点建议。结合Some，故填suggestions/ tips/advice。 1 2 3 4 5 6 19 3. _________ avoiding 【解析】根据“Before giving your child their first smart phone, make sure that both you and your child learn about online protection, like how to stay away from bad apps.”此处指远离不良应用程序，stay away from的同义表达为avoid； 介词like后应用动词-ing形式。 故填avoiding。 4. _________ strangers 【解析】根据lead your child to inform you if they receive any texts from someone they don’t know可知，这里指“陌生人”，此处表泛指，应用复数形式。 故填strangers。 1 2 3 4 5 6 20 5. _______ family 【解析】根据Make a contract for the whole family及下文可知，此处是指制定 “家庭”合约。故填family。 6. ______ spent 【解析】根据how long the child can spend in front of the screen可知，此处指花 费在屏幕前的时间。设空前的The time与spend之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故填 spent。 1 2 3 4 5 6 21 7. _______ broken 【解析】根据how to be punished if they break the family law可知，此处是指违 反家庭规则；主语为the family law，与break之间是被动关系。空前有is，故填 broken。 8. ______ closer 【解析】根据“When staying away from technology, it offers a chance for you all to spend quality time together, knowing one another better.”可知，远离科技产品 可以增进彼此的了解，让彼此的关系“更近”。故填closer。 1 2 3 4 5 6 22 9. __________ impossible 【解析】根据“It’s clear that you can’t keep children from enjoying screen time.” 可知，你无法阻止孩子们享受屏幕时间，即阻止孩子看屏幕是不可能的。故填 impossible。 10. _____ less 【解析】根据even reward your child with items they enjoy if they reduce the time they spend on screen可知，此处是指“花更少的时间在屏幕上”。故填less。 1 2 3 4 5 6 23 Passage 3 [2025江苏泰州期中]Which animals are smart? Your answer may be dogs, monkeys, or elephants. Now, there is one more animal that can be added to the list: sheep. Scientists from Cambridge University said that people can educate sheep to know familiar （熟悉的） human faces. Before testing, scientists showed the sheep pictures of four famous people, like former US president Barack Obama. Then the sheep went into a room with two computer screens. Each screen showed a human face. One screen showed the 1 2 3 4 5 6 24 famous person and the other screen showed a random （随机的） person. The sheep often walked toward the screen with the famous person’s face. After finding out the animals’ ability to identify famous people, researchers （研究人员） gave them a new task. They wanted to see if the farm animals could correctly identify the same people from different directions. The animals were still able to know them, though they were a bit slower than before. Finally, the researchers wanted to know if the sheep could identify their trainers. Photos of their trainers were randomly shown on screen along with a number of unfamiliar faces. This time, nobody taught the sheep first, but they picked out the photos very easily. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The results show that the animals’ face identification abilities are very close to those of monkeys and humans. Face identification is a difficult process. But sheep are very clever. When they see other sheep, they use this process to know one another. The researchers said it might be interesting in the future to find out if sheep can identify different facial expressions made by humans.#1.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Test report Researchers 1._________ from Cambridge University. Subject Sheep on the 2.____ of the smart animals. Process oftesting ·Sheep saw pictures of famous people 3._____ as Barack Obama. ·Then they were shown two screens with human 4.______, one famous and one random. ·Sheep were shown the same people from different directions. ·Sheep were shown the photos of their trainers 5.________ receiving any training first. Scientists list such faces without 1 2 3 4 5 6 27 6.________ ·Sheep could identify famous faces. ·Sheep knew people’s faces even if scientists 7.________ the directions. ·It was very 8._____ for sheep to identify their trainers. Conclusion ·Sheep are as 9.____________ as monkeys and humans. ·10._____________ research can explore their abilities to identify humans’ facial expressions. 【Passage 3·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了在聪明的动物行列中，羊也是其中一个， 并且通过一些实验论证了这个观点。 Results changed easy clever/smart Future/Further 1 2 3 4 5 6 1. _________ Scientists 【解析】根据Scientists from Cambridge University可知，这里指来自剑桥大学的 科学家，句首单词首字母大写，故填Scientists。 2. ____ list 【解析】根据“Now, there is one more animal that can be added to the list: sheep.”可知，羊在最聪明的动物的清单上，故填list。 1 2 3 4 5 6 29 3. _____ such 【解析】根据“Before testing, scientists showed the sheep pictures of four famous people, like former US president Barack Obama.”可知，此处用such as表示“像”， 故填such。 4. ______ faces 【解析】根据“Each screen showed a human face.One screen showed the famous person and the other screen showed a random person.”可知，科学家向它们展示 了两张人脸。故填faces。 1 2 3 4 5 6 30 5. ________ without 【解析】根据“This time, nobody taught the sheep first, but they picked out the photos very easily.”可知，此处是指在没有接受任何训练的情况下，without意为 “没有”，符合语境，故填without。 6. ________ Results 【解析】根据“The results show that the animals’ face identification abilities are very close to those of monkeys and humans.”可知，表格右边展现的是这个研究 的结果，首字母应大写，故填Results。 1 2 3 4 5 6 31 7. ________ changed 【解析】根据“They wanted to see if the farm animals could correctly identify the same people from different directions.The animals were still able to know them, though they were a bit slower than before.”可知，即使改变方向，羊也能 认出人的脸，根据空前的knew可知，此句是一般过去时，故填changed。 8. _____ easy 【解析】根据but they picked out the photos very easily可知，羊很容易就能认出 驯兽师，was后接形容词作表语，故填easy。 1 2 3 4 5 6 32 9. ____________ clever/smart 【解析】根据“The results show that the animals’ face identification abilities are very close to those of monkeys and humans.Face identification is a difficult process.But sheep are very clever.”可知，羊和猴子和人类一样聪明，“as… as”中 间用形容词原级，故填clever/smart。 10. _____________ Future/Further 【解析】根据“The researchers said it might be interesting in the future to find out if sheep can identify different facial expressions made by humans.”可知，未 来的/进一步的研究可以探索它们识别人类面部表情的能力。设空在句首，故填 Future/Further。 1 2 3 4 5 6 33 Passage 4 This is a story from a meeting held by some people and two things in nature. We call it the Four-Sided Talk. Let’s “listen to” everyone carefully and find out what they think. An old tree: I am thousands of years old, but I have fewer and fewer friends. I’m afraid I will be cut someday. People cut down many trees to make paper and chopsticks. Soon there will be no trees to make air fresh and to protect people from floods. Mother nature is making many disasters to teach people a lesson. 1 2 3 4 5 6 34 The river: What the old tree said is right. I not only make the earth more beautiful, but provide the clean water for people and animals. Now I’m sad because people put waste into me, which kills many animals and plants that drink my water. Some people drink this kind of water and get sick too. People: We have lived on earth since ancient times. The earth is our home. We have done some harm to our home! From now on, we should make full use of the resources on earth and protect the earth. Let’s try our best! The United Nations: We know a little about the environmental problems. Hearing what you said, we’ve decided to protect the earth and love the earth. We’ve also made the 5 June World Environment Day.#5 【Passage 4·语篇导读】本文主要讲述了人类和自然界中的树和河流开会的故事。 1 2 3 4 5 6 1.What is the meeting called in the story? ____________________ The Four-Sided Talk. 【解析】根据“We call it the Four-Sided Talk.”可知答案。 2.Why do people cut down a lot of trees? ____________________________ To make paper and chopsticks. 【解析】根据“People cut down many trees to make paper and chopsticks.”可知， 人们砍伐很多树木是为了造纸和制作筷子。 1 2 3 4 5 6 36 3.How long have people lived on earth? ___________________ Since ancient times. 【解析】根据“We have lived on earth since ancient times.”可知答案。 4.How does nature teach people a lesson? _______________________________________________ By making many disasters./It makes many disasters. 【解析】根据“Mother nature is making many disasters to teach people a lesson.” 可知，自然界通过制造很多灾难来给人们教训。 5.新考向 开放性试题 What should we students do after reading this passage? _______________________________________ We should protect the environment/earth./... 【解析】开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 1 2 3 4 5 6 37 Passage 5 When was the last time you gave or received a hug? Do your parents hug you before you go to school? In Western countries, it is quite common to greet close friends or relatives with a hug. You might hug your teammates after winning a game. If one of your friends is having a bad day, you can hug them to cheer them up. Friends who haven’t seen each other for a long time will usually hug each other when meeting. Of course, people in different countries have different opinions when it comes to hugging. After coming to China, I’ve noticed that people are generally more reluctant （不情愿的） to hug than in my home country, the USA. 1 2 3 4 5 6 38 My Chinese friends told me that hugging is considered to be very intimate （亲密的） in their culture. It usually only happens between people who are really close to each other, like couples. Chinese people don’t usually hug in public either. But people’s attitudes towards hugging can also change. I remember watching a video story about a “hugging party” in Shanghai. A local artist held the party, inviting strangers and asking them to hug each other. The Chinese participants （参与者） clearly looked uncomfortable. However, after the party, several of them changed their minds. They decided that hugging doesn’t have to be awkward （尴尬的） and can actually be quite nice. So next time you see your mum or dad, give them a hug—see how it makes you feel.#3.1 【Passage 5·语篇导读】文章主要介绍了在不同国家关于拥抱的不同看法和做法。 1 2 3 4 5 6 1.When may you hug your teammates? _____________________ After winning a game. 【解析】根据第二段中“You might hug your teammates after winning a game.”可 知，你可能会在赢得比赛后拥抱你的队友。 2.Where does the writer come from? __________ The USA. 【解析】根据第三段中的“After coming to China, I’ve noticed that people are generally more reluctant to hug than in my home country, the USA.”可知,作者来 自美国。 1 2 3 4 5 6 40 3.How do Chinese people like hugging? ______________ Very intimate. 【解析】根据第四段中“My Chinese friends told me that hugging is considered to be very intimate in their culture.”可知，在中国拥抱被认为是非常亲密的。 4.Who held a “hugging party” in Shanghai? ______________ A local artist. 【解析】根据第五段中“A local artist held the party, inviting strangers and asking them to hug each other.”可知答案。 1 2 3 4 5 6 41 5.新考向 开放性试题 Do you often hug your parents? Why do you do so? _______________________________________________________________________ ______________________ Yes, I do.Because I think this can show my love to them./No, I don’t.Because I think it is awkward./… 【解析】开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可。 1 2 3 4 5 6 42 Passage 6 新素材 体重管理年 In recent years, more and more people, especially teenagers, are facing weight problems. To help people develop healthy habits and keep a proper weight, China starts an important public health project known as the “Weight Management Year”. The project includes the following areas. First, it encourages the public to form healthy habits. Families and schools are advised to use tools like weight scales （秤） and health calendars to record progress. Schools are also taking 1 2 3 4 5 6 43 steps to control sugary snacks and make sure students take part in at least one hour of physical activity daily. Second, cities are improving social support by building more parks, sports centres and walking trails （小路）. For example, a popular 50-kilometre hiking event in Foshan connects exercise with outdoor exploration. Third, medical organizations now offer “weight management clinics （诊所）” where doctors give people useful advice on balanced diets and exercise plans. Health experts are ready to offer people practical ways for having a healthy weight. For example, instead of having fried chicken every day, we can choose 1 2 3 4 5 6 grilled （烤的） chicken, which is less risky. More importantly, people can get free recipes （菜谱） online for each daily meal. Last month, a vlogger posted the changes of his weight. He followed the recipes provided by the government and lost 2.5 kilograms in a week. The “Weight Management Year” project sends a clear message: achieving a healthy weight is not just about appearance but about building a longer and more energetic life. By getting changes little by little, the public will become healthier, then a healthier society is ahead of us.#1.4 【Passage 6·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了中国启动“体重管理年”项目的原因、具体 措施以及健康专家的建议。 1 2 3 4 5 6 1.Why does China start the “Weight Management Year” project? __________________________________________________________ To help people develop healthy habits and keep a proper weight. 【解析】根据第一段的“To help people develop healthy habits and keep a proper weight, China starts an important public health project known as the ‘Weight Management Year’.”可知答案。 2.How long should students exercise every day according to the project? _____________________ For at least one hour. 【解析】根据第二段的“Schools are also taking steps to control sugary snacks and make sure students take part in at least one hour of physical activity daily.” 可知答案。 1 2 3 4 5 6 46 3.How many areas are included in the project according to the passage? ________ 3/Three. 【解析】根据第二段的“The project includes the following areas.”以及后文的三个 具体措施可知答案。 4.What do the cities build to improve social support? _________________________________________ More parks, sports centres and walking trails. 【解析】根据第二段的“Second, cities are improving social support by building more parks, sports centres and walking trails.”可知答案。 1 2 3 4 5 6 47 5.Do health experts suggest fried chicken for a proper weight? ___________________ No（, they don’t）. 【解析】根据第三段的“For example, instead of having fried chicken every day, we can choose grilled chicken, which is less risky.”可知答案。 1 2 3 4 5 6 48 $