Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 一般过去时的被动语态（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 核心语法精练（ 一般过去时的被动语态 ） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B考点夯基·专项突破 3 一.单项选择 3 二．正确形式填空 5 三．完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 一．语法填空 9 二．选词填空 10 一． 一般过去时的被动语态 　　一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。一般过去时的被动语态的各种句式如下: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The book was written by Mr Smith last year. 这本书是Smith先生去年写的。 (2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The machine wasn't repaired last week. 这台机器上周没有被修理。 (3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Was the desk made by your father? 这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗? (4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? When was the tree planted? 那棵树是什么时候种的? 二． 被动语态用法总结 一般 现在时 肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 过去时 肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+will+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+will not+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+be going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+be not going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 三． 主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况 (1)某些感官动词或系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义,如smell、feel、sound等。 This shirt feels soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。 (2)need、want、require和worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 The bike needs repairing(=needs to be repaired). 这辆自行车需要修理了。  (3)某些行为动词后加副词(有些可不加副词)可以表示被动意义,如sell、write、wash等。 These books sell well.这些书卖得很好。 一.单项选择 1．（25-26八年级下·全国·开学考试）The story ________ by a young writer last year. It has become very popular among teenagers. A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written 2．（24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业）After the storm, the playground ________ heavy snow, providing a perfect chance for a snowball fight. A．was covered B．was covered with C．was filled D．was filled with 3．（24-25八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．was used D．has used 4．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Since the English corner ______ up last month, we have organized six activities. A．has been set B．is set C．was set D．will be set 5．（24-25九年级下·江西赣州·期中）There was little time left in the meeting, so Dr. Robot ________ to cut down his speech to 20 minutes. A．asked B．was asked C．was asking D．is asked 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏盐城·月考）At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work. A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Loads of advice on how to solve the problem ________ yesterday, but it seemed that the situation didn’t get better. A．were given B．was given C．have been given D．has been given 8．（24-25八年级下·全国·单元测试）Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering. A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for D．care for 9．（2025·江西景德镇·二模）—Did you hear that our school soccer team won the game? —Yes. The news ______ on the radio this morning. A．reported B．is reported C．was reported D．reports 10．（23-24八年级下·广东广州·期中）—Who ________ this book ________? —William Shakespeare. A．did, written by B．was, written C．did, write by D．was, written by 二．正确形式填空 1．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We were all (shock) by the terrible accident yesterday. 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）She was (attract) by the beauty of the Northern Lights and decided to visit Iceland. 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·开学考试）This book (write) by a famous writer in 2023. It’s very popular now. 4．（25-26八年级上·全国·随堂练习）This new shopping app (develop) by a young team last year. 5．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）The two men were (trap) on the mountain by the terrible storm. 6．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江大庆·期中）Daming wasn’t (choose) for the team. 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）The couple were (separate) from each other because of the war. 8．（24-25七年级下·上海·期末）When the results of the exams , she hurried home to tell her parents the news. (announce) 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—I’m sorry that tickets to the movie Nezha2 you look forward to (sell) out a while ago. —What a pity! Let’s go to the one in Livat and have a look, Lucy. 10．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）The storybooks (write) by a famous writer in the 1960s. 三．完成句子 1．（24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）We used to call the thick wires cables.（改为被动语态） The thick wires cables in the past by us. 2．（24-25八年级下·上海·期中）Thomas didn’t throw the old magazines away yesterday. (改为被动语态) The old magazines   away yesterday. 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）They saw a boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. (改为被动语态) A boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）We raised 20, 000 yuan at the show. (改写成被动语态的句子) 20, 000 yuan at the party. 5．（23-24八年级下·上海闵行·月考）Saint Claus hid the presents in the long stocking on Christmas Eve. (改为被动语态) The presents in the long stocking on Christmas by Saint Claus. 6．（24-25八年级下·上海·月考）The fireman took them to the ground after John explained about Charlie. (改为被动语态) They to the ground by the fireman after John explained about Charlie. 7．（24-25九年级上·江苏南通·期中）The English teacher divided our class into 8 groups in class. (改为被动语态) Our class into 8 groups by the English teacher in class. 8．（22-23八年级下·上海·月考）We gave girls the same opportunities as boys in this school.  (改为被动语态) Girls the same opportunities as boys in this school. 9．（23-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）He made a model plane yesterday. A model plane by yesterday. 10.（23-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）All the people laughed at him.  (改为被动语态) . 一．语法填空 （23-24八年级下·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you heard of Oliver Twist or Peter Pan? These are just some of the characters that have been created by British writers. Probably 1 most famous British writer was William Shakespeare. 2 the late 1500s and early 1600s, Shakespeare wrote plays that became famous all over the world. They are still very popular today. Some of 3 (he) plays were comedies, such as Twelfth Night, others were tragedies (悲剧), such as King Lear. British people love reading stories. Early stories were often printed a chapter (章节) at a time in a newspaper. People would have to get the 4 (week) newspaper. They can’t wait to buy the newspaper every week 5 (read) the whole story. One of the most famous stories Oliver Twist, was written by Charles Dickens at that time. There are many children’s 6 (classic) by British writers. Maybe you 7 (hear) of some of them since you were a child. Robert Louis Stevenson wrote the adventure novel Treasure Island. J.M. Barrie wrote Peter Pan and Lewis Carroll wrote Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Do you know a teddy bear called Winnie the Pooh? It was created by A．A．Milne 8 it is still one of children’s favorite characters. There are so many famous and 9 (amaze) characters in British plays, novels and poetry (诗歌) and reading can 10 (real) help kids start their journey and learn to enjoy the wonderful world in different books. Why not choose some to read in the coming vacation? 二．选词填空 （2024·河南南阳·一模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 they    modern    high   Chinese   friend   leave   but    tradition   read   in In ancient China, when people were separating, they would pick a willow (柳树) twig (枝条) and give it to the person who was 1 . This was to express their wishes for him to stay. In 2 , the word for “willow” is pronounced the same as the word for “stay”. Many Chinese poets liked writing about willows in 3 works. One of the best poems is A Farewell Song (《送元二使安西》) by Wang Wei. It 4 , No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain, The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again, West of the Sunny Pass no more 5 will be seen. Nowadays, willow twigs can also be seen in 6 art. There was an amazing performance about willow twigs. 365 people held willow twigs 7 their hands on the green stage. At the same time, a painting of weeping willows (垂柳) appeared on the LED screen. The setting of 365 people stood for 365 days, and the color green meant the return of spring. The performance was praised 8 by the audience (观众). “I was deeply attracted by 9 Chinese culture,” one of them said. In short, giving a willow twig to a person is not saying goodbye 10 asking him to stay. This is the beauty of Chinese culture. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 核心语法精练（ 一般过去时的被动语态 ） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B考点夯基·专项突破 3 一.单项选择 3 二．正确形式填空 5 三．完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 一．语法填空 9 二．选词填空 10 一． 一般过去时的被动语态 　　一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。一般过去时的被动语态的各种句式如下: (1)肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The book was written by Mr Smith last year. 这本书是Smith先生去年写的。 (2)否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者). The machine wasn't repaired last week. 这台机器上周没有被修理。 (3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? Was the desk made by your father? 这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗? (4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作执行者)? When was the tree planted? 那棵树是什么时候种的? 二． 被动语态用法总结 一般 现在时 肯定句:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 过去时 肯定句:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+will+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+will not+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 一般 将来时 肯定句:主语+be going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 否定句:主语+be not going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他). 一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+be+及物动词的过去分词(+其他)? 三． 主动形式表示被动意义的常见情况 (1)某些感官动词或系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义,如smell、feel、sound等。 This shirt feels soft. 这件衬衣摸起来很柔软。 (2)need、want、require和worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。 The bike needs repairing(=needs to be repaired). 这辆自行车需要修理了。  (3)某些行为动词后加副词(有些可不加副词)可以表示被动意义,如sell、write、wash等。 These books sell well.这些书卖得很好。 一.单项选择 1．（25-26八年级下·全国·开学考试）The story ________ by a young writer last year. It has become very popular among teenagers. A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个故事是一位年轻作家去年写的。它在青少年中变得非常受欢迎。 考查 一般过去时的被动语态。根据“by a young writer”可知， a young writer表示被动动作的执行者，且“last year”为过去时间状语，可知需用被动语态的过去时形式。故选D。 2．（24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业）After the storm, the playground ________ heavy snow, providing a perfect chance for a snowball fight. A．was covered B．was covered with C．was filled D．was filled with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：暴风雨过后，操场上积了厚厚的雪，这为打雪仗提供了绝佳的机会。 考查短语辨析及一般过去时的被动语态。was covered被覆盖，一般过去时的被动；was covered with被……覆盖；was filled被充满，一般过去时的被动；was filled with充满……。根据“the playground...heavy snow”可知，是指操场被雪覆盖。故选B。 3．（24-25八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．was used D．has used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说芜湖龙湾长江隧道于2025年7月投入使用。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in July，2025”可知，句子应该用一般过去时，排除选项A、B和D；又因为主语“Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel”和谓语动词“use”之间是被动关系，表示隧道被使用，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+动词的过去分词”。故选C。 4．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Since the English corner ______ up last month, we have organized six activities. A．has been set B．is set C．was set D．will be set 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从上个月英语角成立以来，我们已经组织了六次活动。 考查句子时态。has been set现在完成时的被动语态；is set一般现在时的被动语态；was set一般过去时的被动语态；will be set一般将来时的被动语态。“since”引导的从句表示动作的起点，主句用现在完成时have + 过去分词，从句通常用一般过去时，表示过去发生的具体动作。从句中有明确的时间状语“last month”（上个月），强调动作发生在过去，因此从句需用一般过去时。故选C。 5．（24-25九年级下·江西赣州·期中）There was little time left in the meeting, so Dr. Robot ________ to cut down his speech to 20 minutes. A．asked B．was asked C．was asking D．is asked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：会议剩下的时间不多了，所以Robot博士被要求把他的演讲缩短到20分钟。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“There was little time left in the meeting, so Dr. Robot…to cut down his speech to 20 minutes.”可知，会议时间不多了，博士是“被要求”缩短演讲时间，且句子时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”，故选B。 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏盐城·月考）At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work. A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：最后，这个可怜的女人被告知，公司负担不起支付她的工资。 考查被动语态及动词短语。pay for为……付款，固定搭配。the poor man与选项核心词tell之间为被动关系，根据“couldn’t”可知，第一空需一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语为名词单数，需was，tell的过去分词为told；afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，故空处需动词不定式to pay for。故选D。 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Loads of advice on how to solve the problem ________ yesterday, but it seemed that the situation didn’t get better. A．were given B．was given C．have been given D．has been given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天给出了大量关于如何解决这个问题的建议，但情况似乎并没有好转。 考查时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，主语advice与give是被动关系，主语是不可数名词，be动词用was，故选B。 8．（24-25八年级下·全国·单元测试）Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering. A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for D．care for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上个月，当小女孩的父母在当志愿者时，她被邻居们照顾得很好。 考查时态。根据“the little girl…well enough by the neighbors”可知此处表示“被照顾”要用被动语态，再根据Last month可知此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是the little girl，结构为was done。故选B。 9．（2025·江西景德镇·二模）—Did you hear that our school soccer team won the game? —Yes. The news ______ on the radio this morning. A．reported B．is reported C．was reported D．reports 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听说我们学校的足球队赢了比赛吗？——听说了。今天早上收音机里报道了这个消息。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句中“news”和“report”之间是被动关系，即新闻是被报道的，所以要用被动语态。被动语态的结构是“be + 过去分词”。根据时间状语“this morning”可知，事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语“news”是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以be动词用was。故选C。 10．（23-24八年级下·广东广州·期中）—Who ________ this book ________? —William Shakespeare. A．did, written by B．was, written C．did, write by D．was, written by 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁写的这本书？——William Shakespeare。 考查被动语态。“this book”与“write”之间存在被动关系，需用结构be done；疑问词是who，因此需用by表示“被谁所写”（被动语态中动作的执行者需要用by引出）。故选D。 二．正确形式填空 1．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We were all (shock) by the terrible accident yesterday. 【答案】shocked 【详解】句意：我们都被昨天那场可怕的事故震惊了。shock“使震惊”是动词。主语“We”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，结构为“were + 过去分词”。故填shocked。 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）She was (attract) by the beauty of the Northern Lights and decided to visit Iceland. 【答案】attracted 【详解】句意：她被北极光的美景所吸引，决定去冰岛旅游。attract“吸引”，主语She和attract之间是被动关系，此处需要用被动语态，被动语态的结构为“be + 动词的过去分词”。故填attracted。 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·开学考试）This book (write) by a famous writer in 2023. It’s very popular now. 【答案】was written 【详解】句意：这本书是由一位著名作家在2023年写的，它现在非常受欢迎。write“写”，动词，此处主语“this book”和动词“write”之间是被动关系，结合“in 2023”可知，此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，be动词使用was。故填was written。 4．（25-26八年级上·全国·随堂练习）This new shopping app (develop) by a young team last year. 【答案】was developed 【详解】句意：这个新的应用是去年被一个年轻团队开发的。根据提示可知，主语“app”与“develop”为被动关系，“last year”提示用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为 was developed。故填was developed。 5．（25-26八年级上·全国·课后作业）The two men were (trap) on the mountain by the terrible storm. 【答案】trapped 【详解】句意：这两个人被可怕的暴风雨困在山上。根据“The two men were...on the mountain by the terrible storm.”可知，这两个人被困在山上，用动词过去分词构成被动语态。故填trapped。 6．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江大庆·期中）Daming wasn’t (choose) for the team. 【答案】chosen 【详解】句意：大明没有被选入这个队。句子主语“Daming”与谓语动词“choose”之间是被动关系，即“大明被选择”，句中已有“wasn’t”，构成一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”，choose的过去分词是chosen。故填chosen。 7．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）The couple were (separate) from each other because of the war. 【答案】separated 【详解】句意：因为战争，那对夫妇被分开了。separate分隔，动词；主语The couple和separate是被动关系，根据“were”可知，此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是was/were+过去分词，主语是复数，be动词用were，separate的过去分词是separated。故填separated。 8．（24-25七年级下·上海·期末）When the results of the exams , she hurried home to tell her parents the news. (announce) 【答案】were announced 【详解】句意：当考试结果被宣布时，她匆忙回家告诉父母这个消息。分析句子可知，结果是被公布，应用被动语态；由“hurried”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词，由“the results”可知，be动词应用were。故填were announced。 9．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—I’m sorry that tickets to the movie Nezha2 you look forward to (sell) out a while ago. —What a pity! Let’s go to the one in Livat and have a look, Lucy. 【答案】were sold 【详解】句意：——我很抱歉，你期待的电影《哪吒2》的票前段时间卖完了。——真遗憾！露西，我们去Livat的那家看看吧。根据“a while ago”可知，此处指的是过去发生的事情，因此需要使用过去时态；票是被卖完，所以用被动语态，the tickets是复数，用were sold。故填were sold。 10．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）The storybooks (write) by a famous writer in the 1960s. 【答案】were written 【详解】句意：这些故事书是一个著名作家在20世纪60年代写的。根据“The storybooks...by a famous writer in the 1960s.”可知，这些书是被作家写的，应该使用被动结构，用一般过去时，其结构为was/were done，主语是“The storybooks”，be动词用were，write的过去分词是written。故填were written。 三．完成句子 1．（24-25八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）We used to call the thick wires cables.（改为被动语态） The thick wires cables in the past by us. 【答案】 were called 【详解】句意：我们过去常把粗电线称为电缆。根据“used to call”可知，原句是一般过去时，其被动语态的结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语“The thick wires”是复数，be动词用were，call的过去分词是called。故填were；called。 2．（24-25八年级下·上海·期中）Thomas didn’t throw the old magazines away yesterday. (改为被动语态) The old magazines   away yesterday. 【答案】 weren’t thrown 【详解】句意：托马斯昨天没有扔掉旧杂志。原句是一般过去时的否定句，the old magazines是动词throw的承受者，构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语是复数，此处应用否定形式weren’t，throw的过去分词是thrown。故填weren’t；thrown。 3．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）They saw a boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. (改为被动语态) A boy swimming in the river at this time yesterday. 【答案】 was seen 【详解】句意：他们昨天这个时候看到一个男孩在河里游泳。根据“They saw a boy”可知，原句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词为“saw”。改为被动语态，要用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was/were done。主语为“A boy”，be动词用was。“saw”的原形为see“看见”，过去分词为seen。故填was；seen。 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）We raised 20, 000 yuan at the show. (改写成被动语态的句子) 20, 000 yuan at the party. 【答案】 was raised 【详解】句意：我们在演出中筹集了2万元。被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”，原句时态为一般过去时，此处也应用一般过去时，主语为“20, 000 yuan”，be动词用was，应填was raised。故填was；raised。 5．（23-24八年级下·上海闵行·月考）Saint Claus hid the presents in the long stocking on Christmas Eve. (改为被动语态) The presents in the long stocking on Christmas by Saint Claus. 【答案】 were hidden 【详解】句意：圣诞老人把礼物藏在了长袜子里。原句是主动语态，主语是“Saint Claus”，谓语是“hid”，宾语是“the presents”。改为被动语态时，宾语“the presents”变为主语，谓语“hid”改为被动形式“were hidden”，原主语“Saint Claus”变为介词“by”的宾语。故填were；hidden。 6．（24-25八年级下·上海·月考）The fireman took them to the ground after John explained about Charlie. (改为被动语态) They to the ground by the fireman after John explained about Charlie. 【答案】 were taken 【详解】句意：在约翰解释了查理的情况后，消防员把他们带到了地面。原句为一般过去时，改为被动语态时，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were+过去分词”。主语they是复数，be动词用were，take的过去分词是taken。故填were taken。 7．（24-25九年级上·江苏南通·期中）The English teacher divided our class into 8 groups in class. (改为被动语态) Our class into 8 groups by the English teacher in class. 【答案】 was divided 【详解】句意：英语老师在课堂上把我们班分成了8个组。结合谓语“divided”可知，时态为一般过去时，改为被动语态时，可表达为“在课堂上我们班被英语老师分成了8个组”，此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构：主语+was/were done，主语是“Our class”，be动词使用was；divide“分开”，过去分词为divided。故填was；divided。 8．（22-23八年级下·上海·月考）We gave girls the same opportunities as boys in this school.  (改为被动语态) Girls the same opportunities as boys in this school. 【答案】 were given 【详解】句意：我们在这所学校给女孩和男孩同样的机会。原句是一般过去时，改为被动语态仍用一般过去时，其结构为was/were done，主语Girls是复数，be用were，give的过去分词为given。故填were；given。 9．（23-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）He made a model plane yesterday. A model plane by yesterday. 【答案】 was made him 【详解】句意：他昨天做了一架模型飞机。即“昨天一个飞机模型被他制作了。”；主语“A model plane”和动词之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)。主语是单数，be动词用was；make的过去分词为made；介词“by”后跟代词宾格。故填was；made；him。 10.（23-24八年级下·全国·课前预习）All the people laughed at him.  (改为被动语态) . 【答案】He was laughed at by all the people. 【详解】句意：所有的人都嘲笑他。分析题干可知，原句时态为一般过去时，改为被动语态，句子为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done；原句的宾语“him”需变为主语“he”，位于句首，首字母要大写；主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was；动词laugh的过去分词为laughed；by all the people“被所有的人”作动作的执行者。故填He was laughed at by all the people. 一．语法填空 （23-24八年级下·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you heard of Oliver Twist or Peter Pan? These are just some of the characters that have been created by British writers. Probably 1 most famous British writer was William Shakespeare. 2 the late 1500s and early 1600s, Shakespeare wrote plays that became famous all over the world. They are still very popular today. Some of 3 (he) plays were comedies, such as Twelfth Night, others were tragedies (悲剧), such as King Lear. British people love reading stories. Early stories were often printed a chapter (章节) at a time in a newspaper. People would have to get the 4 (week) newspaper. They can’t wait to buy the newspaper every week 5 (read) the whole story. One of the most famous stories Oliver Twist, was written by Charles Dickens at that time. There are many children’s 6 (classic) by British writers. Maybe you 7 (hear) of some of them since you were a child. Robert Louis Stevenson wrote the adventure novel Treasure Island. J.M. Barrie wrote Peter Pan and Lewis Carroll wrote Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Do you know a teddy bear called Winnie the Pooh? It was created by A．A．Milne 8 it is still one of children’s favorite characters. There are so many famous and 9 (amaze) characters in British plays, novels and poetry (诗歌) and reading can 10 (real) help kids start their journey and learn to enjoy the wonderful world in different books. Why not choose some to read in the coming vacation? 【答案】1．the 2．In 3．his 4．weekly 5．to read 6．classics 7．have heard 8．and 9．amazing 10．really 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国的戏剧、小说和诗歌以及其中的著名人物。 1．句意：最著名的英国作家可能是威廉·莎士比亚。最高级“most famous”前加冠词the，故填the。 2．句意：在16世纪末和17世纪初，莎士比亚写的剧本在世界各地都很有名。根据“the late 1500s and early 1600s,”可知，在某个世纪介词用in，故填In。 3．句意：他的一些戏剧是喜剧。此空修饰名词plays，应填形容词性物主代词，故填his。 3．句意：人们必须买周报。此空修饰名词newspaper，应填形容词weekly作定语，故填weekly。 5．句意：他们迫不及待地想每周买一份报纸，看看整个故事。根据“can’t wait to buy the newspaper every week … the whole story.”可知，迫不及待买报纸是为了要看看整个故事，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to read。 6．句意：英国作家有许多儿童名著。此空在句中作主语，根据are可知，此空应填复数名词，故填classics。 7．句意：也许你从小就听说过其中的一些。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，根据you可知，助动词用have，故填have heard。 8．句意：它是由A. A. Milne创作的，它仍然是孩子们最喜欢的角色之一。空格前后是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 9．句意：英国戏剧、小说和诗歌中有很多著名的、令人惊叹的人物，阅读真的可以帮助孩子们开始他们的旅程，学会在不同的书中享受美好的世界。此空与famous是并列关系，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰物用以ing为结尾的形容词，故填amazing。 10．句意：英国戏剧、小说和诗歌中有很多著名的、令人惊叹的人物，阅读真的可以帮助孩子们开始他们的旅程，学会在不同的书中享受美好的世界。此空修饰动词help，应填副词really，故填really。 二．选词填空 （2024·河南南阳·一模）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 they    modern    high   Chinese   friend   leave   but    tradition   read   in In ancient China, when people were separating, they would pick a willow (柳树) twig (枝条) and give it to the person who was 1 . This was to express their wishes for him to stay. In 2 , the word for “willow” is pronounced the same as the word for “stay”. Many Chinese poets liked writing about willows in 3 works. One of the best poems is A Farewell Song (《送元二使安西》) by Wang Wei. It 4 , No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain, The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again, West of the Sunny Pass no more 5 will be seen. Nowadays, willow twigs can also be seen in 6 art. There was an amazing performance about willow twigs. 365 people held willow twigs 7 their hands on the green stage. At the same time, a painting of weeping willows (垂柳) appeared on the LED screen. The setting of 365 people stood for 365 days, and the color green meant the return of spring. The performance was praised 8 by the audience (观众). “I was deeply attracted by 9 Chinese culture,” one of them said. In short, giving a willow twig to a person is not saying goodbye 10 asking him to stay. This is the beauty of Chinese culture. 【答案】1．leaving 2．Chinese 3．their 4．reads 5．friends 6．modern 7．in 8．highly 9．traditional 10．but 【导语】本文主要介绍了“柳枝”的寓意，以及与它相关的诗歌和表演。 1．句意：在中国古代，人们在离别的时候会摘一根柳树的枝条送给离别的人。根据“when people were separating”可知，是指将柳枝送给即将离开的人，leave“离开”，空处用现在分词与was构成过去进行时，表达过去将来的含义。故填leaving。 2．句意：在汉语中，“柳”和“留”的发音是一样的。根据“the word for ‘willow’ is pronounced the same as the word for ‘stay’.”可知，汉语中，“柳”与“留”发音相同，Chinese“汉语”符合语境。故填Chinese。 3．句意：许多中国诗人喜欢在他们的作品中描写柳树。此处指代Many Chinese poets，用代词they，且修饰名词works，应用其形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 4．句意：这首诗写道。根据后文是诗歌的内容可知，此处是指写道，read符合语境，时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单。故填reads。 5．句意：西出阳关无故人。根据“West of the Sunny Pass no more ... will be seen.”可知，此处是指出了阳关就不再有朋友可见，friend“朋友”，空处用名词复数表泛指。故填friends。 6．句意：如今，柳条在现代艺术中也随处可见。根据“365 people held willow twigs ... their hands on the green stage. At the same time, a painting of weeping willows (垂柳) appeared on the LED screen.”可知，柳条也出现在现代艺术中，modern“现代的”，形容词作定语。故填modern。 7．句意：在绿色的舞台上，365人手持柳条。根据“365 people held willow twigs ... their hands”可知，是指将柳条握在手里，介词in“在……里”符合语境。故填in。 8．句意：这个表演受到了观众的高度赞扬。根据“was praised ... by the audience”可知，此处是指受到高度赞扬，副词highly“高度地”，修饰动词。故填highly。 9．句意：我被中国传统文化深深吸引。根据“Chinese culture”及备选词可知，是指传统的中国文化，用形容词traditional“传统的”，修饰名词。故填traditional。 10．句意：总之，送人一根柳枝，不是说再见，而是请他留下。not ... but“不是……而是”，固定结构。故填but。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $