Unit 2【刷语法】一般过去时的被动语态（重点语法提升练）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版）

2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（外研版2024） Unit 2 Growing pains and gains【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) 单元语法：一般过去时的被动语态 什么是被动语态？ 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者，理解为“被……” 。 不同时态的被动语态： 被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”，be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行者，只强调突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 一般过去时的被动语态： 1. 肯定结构：was / were+过去分词； 1. 否定结构：wasn’t / weren’t+过去分词； 1. 一般疑问句把was / were放到句首。 如：The school was built 100 years ago. 这所学校是100年前建造的。 He wasn’t invited to the party. Were you invited? 他没有被邀请去聚会。你被邀请了吗？ 【易错警示】 难点（1）：动词短语变成被动语态时，要保持完整，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 如：The old are taken good care of in the old people’s home.老人们在敬老院被照顾得很好。 难点（2）：省略to的动词不定式，在被动语态中要还原to。 难点（3）：不用被动语态的词，常见的有： 1. 五感官三变化两发生：look，smell，taste，feel，sound，become，get，turn，happen，take place。 如：The flowers smell nice.花闻起来很香。（不能用are smelt） Great changes took place in China.中国发生了巨大变化。（不能用were taken place） 2. come out，belong to，break out，spread，appear，disappear也不用被动语态。 如：The CD came out yesterday.这个CD昨天就发行了。（不能用was come out） 3. 某些可以和“well，easily，smoothly” 连用的不及物动词，且主语是物体，不用被动语态。这类词有：read，write，draw，wash，clean，cook，sell，lock，open，cut。 如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种笔写起来很流畅。（不能用is written） This kind of shirt sells very well.这款裙子卖得很好。（不能用is sold） 难点（4）：一些易混淆的被动语态用法 1.have sth. done=have sb. do sth.请别人做某事 如：I have my TV repaired.=I have someone repair my TV.我请人修电视。 2.It is said that … / It is believed that … / It is reported that … 据说 / 据认为 / 据报道 如：It’s said that the library has a long history.据说这个图书馆有悠久的历史。 3.grow表示种植时，有被动语态；grow表示成长，生长时，没有被动语态。 如：Rice is grown in the south of China.水稻种植在中国南方。 Rice grows well this year.水稻今年长得很好。（不能用is grown） 4.sth. need / require doing=sth. need / require to be done 需要 / 要求做某事 如：The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered. 花需要浇水。 难点（5）：带双宾语的动词变被动语态： 语法过关小测 满分：60分；时间：40分钟 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共30分） 1．The story ________ by a young writer last year. It has become very popular among teenagers. A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written 2．Paper ________ by Cai Lun in the Han Dynasty, and it’s one of the greatest inventions in China. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．will be invented 3．The Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing in 2022. It was a great success. A．hold B．held C．were held D．are held 4．—It’s reported that some robots ________ to work with traffic policemen in some cities. —That’s amazing! A．have send B．were sending C．will send D．were sent 5．The scientist __________ to explain the invention at the fair yesterday. A．invites B．invited C．is invited D．was invited 6．The shared bike system __________ by a young company last year. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 7．The movie________ by a famous director last year. A．is directed B．directed C．was directed D．directs 8．The invention __________ by a team of scientists last month. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 9．All the tables ________ with red cloth for the party yesterday. A．cover B．covered C．are covered D．were covered 10．The playground ________ with snow this morning. We couldn’t play basketball. A．covers B．covered C．is covered D．was covered 11．The netizen’s story about following rules ________ by many people on social media last week. A．shares B．shared C．is shared D．was shared 12．The iced bridge over Laodong Lake ________ last month. Now people can walk on it safely. A．builds B．built C．was built D．is built 13．—Can I borrow this book? —Sorry, it ________ to Linda. She will return it next week. A．lends B．is lent C．has lent D．was lent 14．This kind of smart watch ________ by a young inventor last year, and it’s very popular now. A．invents B．invented C．was invented D．is invented 15．—What did you do last May Day? —I planned to go out but we ________ on the way because of a traffic accident. A．were trapping B．are trapping C．were trapped D．are trapped 16．Because of the heavy rainstorm, visitors in Qingdao ________ to stay away from the beach yesterday. A．warned B．are warned C．were warned D．have warned 17．The students _________ how to do eye exercises just now. A．was taught B．were taught C．is taught D．teaching 18．It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．was used D．has used 19．—Did Robert get that job? —No. He ________ because he had no working experience. A．refuses B．refused C．has refused D．was refused 20．The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge ________ in Guizhou Province on January 17, 2025. A．is connecting B．will be connected C．was connected D．has connected 21．In the past few years, great changes ________ in our town. More and more high buildings took the place of the small houses. A．have taken place B．have been happened C．have been taken place 22．The meeting ________ next Monday. A．will be happened B．will take place C．will be taken place D．will happen 23． The chemicals that make swimming pool water safe can have side effects (副作用). They need ________ at least once a week. A．check B．checked C．checking D．to check 24．The car needs checking. The accidents will _______ if it _______ as soon as possible. A．be happened; isn’t checked B．happen; won’t be checked C．be happened; doesn’t check D．happen; isn’t checked 25．Your car is very dirty. It needs ________. A．to wash B．to washing C．be washed D．washing 26．The cakes in the restaurant________, so they________ well. A．are tasted better; are sold B．are tasted good; sell C．taste well; are sold D．taste good; sell 27．Silk ________ more comfortable than cotton. A．feels B．felt C．is feeling D．is felt 28．—I’m thinking whether the dog _________. —It ________ after returning from camping. A．needs washing, is smelt badly B．needs to wash, smells badly C．needs washing, smells bad D．needs to be washed, is smelt bad 29．Some magazines ________ monthly every year. A．come out B．publish C．published D．comes out 30．This book is very interesting. It’s worth ________. A．reading B．read C．reads D．to read 二、用所给词的正确形式填空（每小题1分，共10分） 31．Paper-cutting (invent) in China more than 1,500 years ago. 32．Twenty-two brave soldiers were (choose) to risk their lives. 33．The museum (found) in 1872 and is now a popular tourist attraction. 34．This new shopping app (develop) by a young team last year. 35．He (trap) in the dark, unable to see anything around. 36．This morning, a car hit a tree and the driver (hurt) badly. 37．He will finish the work if he (give) another 2 hours tomorrow. 38．Knives (used) to cut cakes. 39．Some people think they (cut) off from the outside world if they move to the countryside. 40．The work (finish) in two hours. 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分） 41．My father made me write. （改为被动语态） I was by my father. 42．My mother bought me a new dress last week.（改为被动语态） A new dress me by my mother last week. 43．We set up Earth Day in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. （改为被动语态） Earth Day up in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. 44．Thomas didn’t throw the old magazines away yesterday. (改为被动语态) The old magazines   away yesterday. 45．My aunt wrote this novel. （改为同义句） This novel my aunt. 46．He gave the little girl an apple. = 或 47．They didn’t clean the classroom yesterday. The classroom yesterday. 48．Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit Lucy. 49．Yesterday, my dad did most of housework. Yesterday, most of housework my father. 50．The father made the kid cry. The kid made cry his father. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（外研版2024） Unit 2 Growing pains and gains【刷语法】(重点语法提升练) 单元语法：一般过去时的被动语态 什么是被动语态？ 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者，理解为“被……” 。 不同时态的被动语态： 被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”，be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行者，只强调突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 一般过去时的被动语态： 1. 肯定结构：was / were+过去分词； 1. 否定结构：wasn’t / weren’t+过去分词； 1. 一般疑问句把was / were放到句首。 如：The school was built 100 years ago. 这所学校是100年前建造的。 He wasn’t invited to the party. Were you invited? 他没有被邀请去聚会。你被邀请了吗？ 【易错警示】 难点（1）：动词短语变成被动语态时，要保持完整，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 如：The old are taken good care of in the old people’s home.老人们在敬老院被照顾得很好。 难点（2）：省略to的动词不定式，在被动语态中要还原to。 难点（3）：不用被动语态的词，常见的有： 1. 五感官三变化两发生：look，smell，taste，feel，sound，become，get，turn，happen，take place。 如：The flowers smell nice.花闻起来很香。（不能用are smelt） Great changes took place in China.中国发生了巨大变化。（不能用were taken place） 2. come out，belong to，break out，spread，appear，disappear也不用被动语态。 如：The CD came out yesterday.这个CD昨天就发行了。（不能用was come out） 3. 某些可以和“well，easily，smoothly” 连用的不及物动词，且主语是物体，不用被动语态。这类词有：read，write，draw，wash，clean，cook，sell，lock，open，cut。 如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种笔写起来很流畅。（不能用is written） This kind of shirt sells very well.这款裙子卖得很好。（不能用is sold） 难点（4）：一些易混淆的被动语态用法 1.have sth. done=have sb. do sth.请别人做某事 如：I have my TV repaired.=I have someone repair my TV.我请人修电视。 2.It is said that … / It is believed that … / It is reported that … 据说 / 据认为 / 据报道 如：It’s said that the library has a long history.据说这个图书馆有悠久的历史。 3.grow表示种植时，有被动语态；grow表示成长，生长时，没有被动语态。 如：Rice is grown in the south of China.水稻种植在中国南方。 Rice grows well this year.水稻今年长得很好。（不能用is grown） 4.sth. need / require doing=sth. need / require to be done 需要 / 要求做某事 如：The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered. 花需要浇水。 难点（5）：带双宾语的动词变被动语态： 语法过关小测 满分：60分；时间：40分钟 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共30分） 1．The story ________ by a young writer last year. It has become very popular among teenagers. A．writes B．wrote C．is written D．was written 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个故事是一位年轻作家去年写的。它在青少年中变得非常受欢迎。 考查 一般过去时的被动语态。根据“by a young writer”可知， a young writer表示被动动作的执行者，且“last year”为过去时间状语，可知需用被动语态的过去时形式。故选D。 2．Paper ________ by Cai Lun in the Han Dynasty, and it’s one of the greatest inventions in China. A．invented B．is invented C．was invented D．will be invented 【答案】C 【详解】句意：纸是在汉代被蔡伦发明的，它是中国最伟大的发明之一。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。invented发明，过去式；is invented被发明，一般现在时的被动语态；was invented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态；will be invented将被发明，一般将来时的被动语态。根据“Paper…by Cai Lun in the Han Dynasty”可知，纸被发明是过去发生的事情，且纸与发明之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 3．The Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing in 2022. It was a great success. A．hold B．held C．were held D．are held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2022年冬奥会在北京举行，取得了巨大成功。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。hold举行；held举行，过去式；were held被举行，一般过去时的被动语态；are held被举行，一般现在时的被动语态。根据“in 2022”可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语“The Winter Olympic Games”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，因此这里用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 4．—It’s reported that some robots ________ to work with traffic policemen in some cities. —That’s amazing! A．have send B．were sending C．will send D．were sent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—据报道，在一些城市，一些机器人被派去和交警一起工作。—太神奇了！ 考查被动语态。主语“some robots”是动作的承受者，即机器人被派去工作，因此需用被动语态be done。故选D。 5．The scientist __________ to explain the invention at the fair yesterday. A．invites B．invited C．is invited D．was invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位科学家昨天在展览会上被邀请去解释这个发明。 考查时态和被动语态。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知动作发生在过去，且主语“the scientist”是“邀请”动作的承受者，需用一般过去时的被动语态，D选项符合，故选D。 6．The shared bike system __________ by a young company last year. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 【答案】B 【详解】句意：共享单车系统是去年由一家年轻的公司开发的。 考查被动语态。is developed被开发，一般现在时的被动；was developed被开发，一般过去时的被动；developed(被)开发，过去式/过去分词；develops开发，一般现在时。主语“The shared bike system”和谓语动词develop之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态be developed；再根据“last year”可知，应使用一般过去时，且主语为单数可数名词，结合题目空处应填was developed。故选B。 7．The movie________ by a famous director last year. A．is directed B．directed C．was directed D．directs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这部电影是去年由一位著名导演执导的。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“last year”可知，该句需要用过去时，且“movie”和“direct”是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态was directed。故选C。 8．The invention __________ by a team of scientists last month. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这项发明是上个月由一组科学家研发出来的。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的时间状语“last month”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时；又因为主语“The invention”与动词“develop”之间是被动关系，即发明是被研发出来的，所以应使用被动语态。因此，句子应使用一般过去时的被动语态，即was developed。故选B。 9．All the tables ________ with red cloth for the party yesterday. A．cover B．covered C．are covered D．were covered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天所有的桌子都铺上了红布用于聚会。 考查被动语态和时态。根据“All the tables...with red cloth for the party yesterday”可知句子主语“tables”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态“be covered”；时间状语“yesterday”表明动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态“were covered”。故选D。 10．The playground ________ with snow this morning. We couldn’t play basketball. A．covers B．covered C．is covered D．was covered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天早上操场被雪覆盖了，我们没法打篮球。    考查动词的时态和语态。covers一般现在时主动语态；covered一般过去时主动语态；is covered一般现在时被动语态；was covered一般过去时被动语态。根据“this morning”可知，时态为一般过去时；主语“The playground”和谓语“cover”之间是被动关系，表示操场被雪覆盖，应用被动语态，其结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是单数，用was，cover的过去分词是covered。故选D。 11．The netizen’s story about following rules ________ by many people on social media last week. A．shares B．shared C．is shared D．was shared 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周，这位网民关于遵守规则的故事在社交媒体上被许多人分享。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。shares三单形式；shared过去式；is shared一般现在时被动；was shared一般过去时被动。句子主语“story”与动词“share”之间为被动关系，时间状语“last week”表示过去，需用被动语态的过去式。故选D。 12．The iced bridge over Laodong Lake ________ last month. Now people can walk on it safely. A．builds B．built C．was built D．is built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月，劳动湖上的冰桥建成了。现在人们可以安全地在上面行走。 考查被动语态。根据“last month”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；主语“The iced bridge”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选C。 13．—Can I borrow this book? —Sorry, it ________ to Linda. She will return it next week. A．lends B．is lent C．has lent D．was lent 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我能借这本书吗？——抱歉，它被借给琳达了。她下周会归还。 考查被动语态和时态。分析句子结构可知，主语it指代书，与动词lend之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态，故排除选项A、C；根据答语“She will return it next week.”可知，借书给琳达是过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，was lent符合题意，故选D。 14．This kind of smart watch ________ by a young inventor last year, and it’s very popular now. A．invents B．invented C．was invented D．is invented 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这种智能手表是去年一位年轻的发明家发明的，现在非常受欢迎。 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“last year”可知，此处是一般过去时。句子主语This kind of smart watch与谓语invent之间是被动关系，故此处是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是was/were done。故选C。 15．—What did you do last May Day? —I planned to go out but we ________ on the way because of a traffic accident. A．were trapping B．are trapping C．were trapped D．are trapped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——过去的五一劳动节你做了什么？——我本来打算出去，但因为一场交通事故，我们在路上被困住了。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“What did you do last May Day?”可知，对话谈论的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，we和trap之间是被动关系，即“我们被困住”，要用一般过去时的被动语态，应该用were trapped。故选C。 16．Because of the heavy rainstorm, visitors in Qingdao ________ to stay away from the beach yesterday. A．warned B．are warned C．were warned D．have warned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于暴雨，青岛的游客昨天被警告远离海滩。 考查被动语态和时态。根据“visitors in Qingdao...to stay away from the beach yesterday”可知，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词过去分词，主语visitors是复数，be动词用were。故选C。 17．The students _________ how to do eye exercises just now. A．was taught B．were taught C．is taught D．teaching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们刚才被教怎么做眼保健操。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“just now”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，而主语The students和谓语teach为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“was/were+done”，主语The students是复数，故选B。 18．It is said that Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel (隧道) ________ in July, 2025. A．will use B．is used C．was used D．has used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说芜湖龙湾长江隧道于2025年7月投入使用。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“in July，2025”可知，句子应该用一般过去时，排除选项A、B和D；又因为主语“Wuhu Longwan Yangtze River Tunnel”和谓语动词“use”之间是被动关系，表示隧道被使用，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+动词的过去分词”。故选C。 19．—Did Robert get that job? —No. He ________ because he had no working experience. A．refuses B．refused C．has refused D．was refused 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——罗伯特得到那份工作了吗？——没有。他因为没有工作经验而被拒绝了。 考查被动语态及时态。refuses拒绝，三单形式；refused过去式和过去分词形式；has refused现在完成时结构；was refused 一般过去时的被动语态结构。根据语境可知，“He”和“refuse”之间是被动关系，即他是“被拒绝”的，且问句中“Did”表明事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“refuse”的过去分词是“refused”，所以应填“was refused”。故选D。 20．The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge ________ in Guizhou Province on January 17, 2025. A．is connecting B．will be connected C．was connected D．has connected 【答案】C 【详解】句意：花江大峡谷大桥于2025年1月17日在贵州省合拢。    考查动词的时态和语态。句中的时间状语“on January 17, 2025”指的是过去时间。主语The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge是一个事物，它与connect(连接) 之间是被动关系。因此，应使用过去时态的被动语态。故选C。 21．In the past few years, great changes ________ in our town. More and more high buildings took the place of the small houses. A．have taken place B．have been happened C．have been taken place 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我们镇发生了巨大的变化。越来越多的高楼大厦取代了小房子。 考查动词用法。take place发生；happen发生。两个词均无被动，故选A。 22．The meeting ________ next Monday. A．will be happened B．will take place C．will be taken place D．will happen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：会议将于下周一举行。 考查动词辨析和无被动语态情况。take place常指(某事)按计划进行或按计划发生；happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的发生。happen和take place均不可用于被动语态，可先排除A、C两项；而此会议的举行是有计划的或预料之中会发生的事情，用take place。故选B。 23． The chemicals that make swimming pool water safe can have side effects (副作用). They need ________ at least once a week. A．check B．checked C．checking D．to check 【答案】C 【详解】句意：使游泳池水安全的化学物质会有副作用。它们需要每周至少检查一次。 考查非谓语动词。need作为实义动词时，need to do sth.“需要做某事”，表主动，主语通常是人，need doing sth“需要被做某事”，表被动，主语通常是物，物+need+doing =物+need+to be done。根据“The chemicals that make swimming pool water safe can have side effects (副作用). They need”可知，是这些化学物质需要被检查，表被动，故选C。 24．The car needs checking. The accidents will _______ if it _______ as soon as possible. A．be happened; isn’t checked B．happen; won’t be checked C．be happened; doesn’t check D．happen; isn’t checked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这辆车需要检查。如果不尽快检查，事故就会发生。 考查时态与语态。第一空，happen为不及物动词，无被动，所以排除A和C选项。根据“if’可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，所以B选项错误，故选D。 25．Your car is very dirty. It needs ________. A．to wash B．to washing C．be washed D．washing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你的车很脏。它需要被清洗。 考查非谓语动词。need接动名词，表示被动意义，这时动名词和主语之间有动宾关系，“need doing”可转换为“need to be done”结构，根据语境可知，此处指汽车需要被清洗。故选D。 26．The cakes in the restaurant________, so they________ well. A．are tasted better; are sold B．are tasted good; sell C．taste well; are sold D．taste good; sell 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这家餐馆的蛋糕味道很好，所以卖得很好。 考查被动语态的用法。taste尝起来；sell卖。taste是系动词，没有被动形式，后面用形容词作表语；sell well表示物体本身的质量好而畅销，用主动表被动，也不能用被动语态。故选D。 27．Silk ________ more comfortable than cotton. A．feels B．felt C．is feeling D．is felt 【答案】A 【详解】句意：丝绸比棉摸起来舒服。 考查感官系动词。feel为感官系动词，用主动形式表达被动含义，因此排除D项。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，因此排除C项。主语是第三人称单数，动词用单三形式，故选A。 28．—I’m thinking whether the dog _________. —It ________ after returning from camping. A．needs washing, is smelt badly B．needs to wash, smells badly C．needs washing, smells bad D．needs to be washed, is smelt bad 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我在想狗是不是需要洗澡。——露营回来后，它闻起来很不好。 考查被动语态。sth. need doing“某事需要被做”，此处用主动表被动，也可用sth. need to be done表示，排除B；smell为系动词，用主动表被动，排除AD。故选C。 29．Some magazines ________ monthly every year. A．come out B．publish C．published D．comes out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有些杂志每年都出一期。 考查动词短语。come out出版；publish出版。根据every year可知，此句是一般现在时，主语是复数形式，动词用原形，排除C和D选项。Some magazine与动词之间是被动关系，如果用publish要用一般现在时被动语态，而come out是主动表被动，故选A。 30．This book is very interesting. It’s worth ________. A．reading B．read C．reads D．to read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这本书很有趣。值得一读。 考查非谓语动词辨析。根据be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，为主动表被动用法。故选A。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空（每小题1分，共10分） 31．Paper-cutting (invent) in China more than 1,500 years ago. 【答案】was invented 【详解】句意：剪纸是1500多年前在中国被发明的。由时间状语more than 1,500 years ago可知，需用一般过去时；主语Paper-cutting和动词invent之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词。主语是单数，be动词用was，invent的过去分词是invented。故填was invented。 32．Twenty-two brave soldiers were (choose) to risk their lives. 【答案】chosen 【详解】句意：22名勇敢的士兵被选中去冒生命危险。choose“选择”，动词原形，根据“Twenty-two brave soldiers were...to risk their lives.”可知，主语士兵与动词“choose”的关系是被动，句子为一般过去时态，一般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词，choose的过去分词为chosen。故填chosen。 33．The museum (found) in 1872 and is now a popular tourist attraction. 【答案】was founded 【详解】句意：这座博物馆建于1872年，现在是热门旅游景点。句子主语“The museum”和“found（建立）”是被动关系（博物馆被建立），且时间“in 1872”是过去时，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态“was founded”。故填was founded。 34．This new shopping app (develop) by a young team last year. 【答案】was developed 【详解】句意：这个新的应用是去年被一个年轻团队开发的。根据提示可知，主语“app”与“develop”为被动关系，“last year”提示用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为 was developed。故填was developed。 35．He (trap) in the dark, unable to see anything around. 【答案】was trapped 【详解】句意：他被困在黑暗中，看不到周围的任何东西。“he”和“trap”是被动关系，且描述过去的状态，用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，“trap”的过去分词是“trapped”，主语是“he”，故用“was trapped”。故填was trapped。 36．This morning, a car hit a tree and the driver (hurt) badly. 【答案】was hurt 【详解】句意：今天早上，一辆汽车撞到了树上，司机受了重伤。根据“This morning, a car hit a tree and the driver...(hurt) badly.”可知，司机在事故中受伤，表示“被动”，用be hurt“受伤”，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was hurt。 37．He will finish the work if he (give) another 2 hours tomorrow. 【答案】is given 【详解】句意：如果明天再给他两小时，他会完成这项工作。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；从句主语“he”与动词“give”之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is + given”。故填is given。 38．Knives (used) to cut cakes. 【答案】are used 【详解】句意：刀子用于切蛋糕。根据句子的结构可知，此处应该使用被动语态来表示“刀子被用来做某事”，主语“Knives”是复数形式，时态是一般现在时，be动词用are。故填are used。 39．Some people think they (cut) off from the outside world if they move to the countryside. 【答案】will be cut 【详解】句意：一些人认为，如果他们搬到农村，他们将与外面的世界隔绝。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，所以主句是将来时，由于主语they与谓语动词cut off是动宾关系，所以是将来时态的被动，其结构为will be done。故填will be cut。 40．The work (finish) in two hours. 【答案】will be finished 【详解】句意：这项工作将在两小时内完成。根据“in two hours”可知，句子的时态为一般将来时，又因为the work和finish之间是动宾关系，所以这个句子是一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will+be+动词的现在分词，finish的过去分词为finished。故填will be finished。 三、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分） 41．My father made me write. （改为被动语态） I was by my father. 【答案】 made to write 【详解】句意：我被父亲强迫写（东西）。根据要求可知，要改为被动语态，made的被动语态形式是be made to do sth.“被迫做某事”，此处放于谓语动词was之后，故填made；to；write。 42．My mother bought me a new dress last week.（改为被动语态） A new dress me by my mother last week. 【答案】 was bought for 【详解】句意：上周我妈妈给我买了一条新连衣裙。主动句“buy sb sth”改为被动句时，结构为“sth be bought for sb”。本句为一般过去时，主语“a new dress”是单数，用was；“buy”的过去分词为bought；“给某人”用for sb。故填was；bought；for。 43．We set up Earth Day in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. （改为被动语态） Earth Day up in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. 【答案】 was set 【详解】句意：我们在1970年设立了地球日，要求人们保护地球。改为被动语态，原句的宾语Earth Day变为主语，结构为be done，时态为一般过去时，be动词用was，set的过去分词为set。故填was；set。 44．Thomas didn’t throw the old magazines away yesterday. (改为被动语态) The old magazines   away yesterday. 【答案】 weren’t thrown 【详解】句意：托马斯昨天没有扔掉旧杂志。原句是一般过去时的否定句，the old magazines是动词throw的承受者，构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语是复数，此处应用否定形式weren’t，throw的过去分词是thrown。故填weren’t；thrown。 45．My aunt wrote this novel. （改为同义句） This novel my aunt. 【答案】 was written by 【详解】句意：我阿姨写了这本小说。原句是主动语态，改为同义句需转换为被动语态“be+过去分词”，write的过去分词为written，主语是This novel，时态为一般过去时，be动词用was；by“被”。故填was；written；by。 46．He gave the little girl an apple. = 或 【答案】 He gave an apple to the little girl. The little girl was given an apple. 【详解】句意：他给这个小女孩一个苹果。改成同义句时，give sb. sth.=give sth .to sb.表示“给某人某物”，根据“gave”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，可改成：He gave an apple to the little girl；也可改成被动语态，The little girl与gave之间是被动关系，需一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+done，主语为The little girl，需was，give的过去分词为given。故填He gave an apple to the little girl；The little girl was given an apple. 47．They didn’t clean the classroom yesterday. The classroom yesterday. 【答案】 wasn’t cleaned 【详解】句意：他们昨天没有打扫教室。可以描述为“昨天教室没有被打扫。”此句为一般过去时的被动语态。由于主语是单数，所以是wasn’t cleaned。故填wasn’t；cleaned。 48．Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit Lucy. 【答案】 was bought by 【详解】句意：露西买了一些水果。此处是主动语态变为被动语态。根据“Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit…Lucy.”两个句子对照，可知转换后的句子主语是原句的宾语，应用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，构成为was/were done by…，fruit为不可数名词，应用was，故填was；bought；by。 49．Yesterday, my dad did most of housework. Yesterday, most of housework my father. 【答案】 was done by 【详解】句意：昨天，我爸爸做了大部分家务。根据“Yesterday”可知，时态为一般过去时；且主语“most of housework”与 “my father” 之间构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为 “most of housework”，故be动词用was。故填was;  done;  by。 50．The father made the kid cry. The kid made cry his father. 【答案】 was to by 【详解】句意：父亲把孩子弄哭了。根据“The kid”和“The father made the kid cry.”可知，此处需要一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was；make改为被动语态时，需要把省略的to还原；因此第二空用to；最后一空用by，表示“被”。故填was；to；by。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $