专题九 构词法-【练客中考】2026年浙江新中考英语课堂精讲本（外研版）

专题九 构词法 [语法填空：2025.66] 核心考点精讲 考点1)派生法（在一个单词的前面或后面加上一个词缀的构词法叫派生法。） un-:able→unable,usual-→unusual,.happy→unhappy im-:polite→impolite,possible-→impossible 表否定 意义 dis-:like→dislike,.appear-→disappear,agree-→disagree 前 mis-:understand->misunderstand re-(再；又；重复)：view→review,build→rebuild,write→rewrite 表肯定 inter-(相互；交互；在一起)：net→internet,national-→international 意义 a-(处于…状态或过程中)：live→alive,sleep→asleep -y:rain→rainy,luck→lucky,.health-→healthy -ly:love->lovely,friend->friendly -ous:danger→dangerous,humor→humorous -fu:use→iseful,.care→careful,.help→nelpful 名词→形容词 -less(与-ful语义相反)：use→useless,.care→careless,help→helpless ern:west->western,south->southern,east eastern,north->northern -en:gold→golden,wood→wooden al:nation-national,traditiontraditional ish:fool-foolish,child-childish -ist:art→artist,piano-→pianist,violin-→violinist,science-→scientist -hood:child-childhood,neighbor-neighborhood;-ship:friend-friendship 名词→名词 -ese:China-→Chinese,Japan→Japanese 缀 -n/-an/-ian:Australia-Australian,Europe-European,music-musician -ing:interest-→interesting,relax-→relaxing,worry-→worrying 动词→形容词 -ed:interest-interested,relax->relaxed,worry-worried -er/-or/-ress:teach→teacher,.win→winner,act→actor,.visit-→visitor 动词→名词 -ing(动名词)：paint-→painting,build-→building,cross-→crossing 形容词→副词ly(补充，表“方式、程度”)：happy-→happily,quick-→quickly ness(表性质、状态)：happy-→happiness,sad→sadness 形容词→名词 -ity(表状态、性质)：active-→activity,possible-→possibility -th(表性质、状态)：strong-→strength,long→length 考点2合成法（用两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成法。） 合成动词。 结构：副词+动词o 例：overcome,.oversleep 名词+名词0 例：basketball,bookshop 合成名词0 形容词+名词0 例：blackboard,.greenhouse 合成形容词o 结构：介词+名词o 例：underground 合成副词o 结构：副词+名词o 例：upstairs,downstairs 合成介词o 结构：介词+名词o 例：inside,.outside 108 浙江英语（外研版）课堂精讲本 考点3转化法（英语中，把一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种词性，这种构词法叫作转化法。） 类型 示例 名词 book(n.)书→(u.)预订 hand(n.)手(u.)交；递 water(n.)水→(u.)浇水 → land(n.)陆地→(u.)着陆 name(n.)名字→(u.)命名 score(n.)分数→(u.)得分 动词 动词 cook(u.)烹饪→(n.)厨师 rain(u.)下雨→(n.)雨 walk(u.)散步，走→(n.)散步 → break(.)打破→(n.)休息 stop(u.)停止→(n.)车站 lift(u.)举起→(n.)电梯 名词 形容词 clean(ad.)千净的→(u.)打扫 open(ad.)开放的→(u.)打开 → last(ad.)最后的→(u.)持续 tidy(ad.)整洁的→(u.)使整洁 动词 形容词 ight(ad.)正确的→(n.)正确 wrong(ad.)错误的→(n.)不义行为；恶行 → back(ad.)后面的→(n.)背部；后面 light(ad.)明亮的→(n.)光 名词 核心考点精练 I.语法填空基础训练。 1.This math problem is very easy.Everyone can solve it (easy). 2.It is sunny and (wind)today.Let's go outside and fly kites. 3.Sometimes brothers or sisters will (agree)with each other,but they still care about each other. 4.The children are playing games,and the house is full of (laugh). 5.You'd better ask others for help.It's (possible)to finish the work alone in one day. 6.Planting some flowers in your garden is very (help)for attracting bees. 7.I like traveling because I can meet some (interest)people and things along the way. 8.Tom got lost in the forest.(luck),he found the right way to get out at last. 9.As a (lead)of a team,you need to plan well and make good decisions quickly. 10.Though she didn't win,Ann was(satisfy)with her result in the marathon. Ⅱ.语法填空。 I love autumn sunsets.They create lots of 1.wonder)views that make people happy.Unlike other seasons,autumn is truly special.When the sun sets,the sky 2.(paint)with all kinds of colors. And whenever I'm feeling down,just looking at the autumn sunset has the power to turn my mood around. One autumn evening,I was really in 3.bad mood.It was all because of those super-hard math problem).I couldn't solve them.I 5. (sit)all alone by the river near my school and couldn't help sighing ()But that wasn't 6. (use)at all. Suddenly,like a surprising gift,the setting sun caught my eye.I raised my head and looked up at the sky. The sun was shining brightly and giving 7. warm)to me.As the sun slowly went down,the river sparkled(闪烁)as if it was filled with diamonds.. The sunlight made me feel warm and full of strength.It also made me think deeply:8. we meet difficulties in life,shouldn't we keep moving forward bravely,just like the sun will surely rise again after a long night?After that I felt much better and went home 9.(happy).This was my first time seeing 10. beautiful the autumn sunset is.And I will never forget it. 温馨提示请完成《裸后作业本A)P33习题 专题九构词法 109Passage 3 1.has become 2.to be 3.brought 4.complained 5.mainly 6.are expected 7.encourages 8.to manage 9.are required 10.will bring PartⅡ 1.to make 2.learning 3.to save 4.to face PartⅢ 1.meaning 2.to listen 3.because 4.feelings 5.makes 6.useful 7.saying 8.speaks 9.relaxed 10.becomes 技巧应用 Passage 11.were moved 2.comes 3.but 4.a 5.himself 6.started 7.as 8.to support 9.kinds 10.helpful Passage 2 1.but 2.was heading 3.dangerous 4.skills 堂精讲 5.laid 6.quickly 7.to take 8.an 9.decision 10.was organized 本 专题三形容词和副词 核心考点精练 I.1.asleep 2.humorous 3.healthy 4.politely 5.afraid II.6.more convenient 7.happiest 8.greatest 9.better 10.healthier 11.largest 12.less 13.earliest 14.more carefully 15.more beautiful II.1.understand 2.hobbies 3.always 4.harder 5.serious 6.more 7.interesting 8.shy 9.really 10.especially IV.1.highest 2.more expensive 3.excited 4.more difficult 5.early 6.most dangerous 7.worse 8.colder 9.harder 10.most amazing 微专题三形容词、副词填空 一针对词汇运用和语法填空 技巧归纳 I.1.peacefully 2.complete 3.worth 4.seldom 5.lively II.6.proudly 7.friendly 8.lowest 9.more easily 10.exactly II.A.1.decides 2.exciting 3.in danger 4.mixes 5.fresh 6.courage B.1.really 2.shyer 3.completely 4.nervous 5.most beautiful/prettiest 6.stronger 7.deepest 8.suddenly 9.more bravely 10.hard/difficult IV.1.especially 2.rains 3.longest 4.sunny 5.well 6.cooler 7.finally 8.enjoyable 9.natural 10.seasons 技巧应用 I.A.1.take part in 2.famous 3.most beautiful 4.better 5.seriously 6.as B.1.island 2.excited 3.afraid 4.braver 5.Suddenly 6.knives 7.heavily 8.successfully 9.protect 10.itself II.Passage 11.the thickest 2.Clearly 3.quickly 4.flew 5.more worried 6.smaller 7.from 8.fast 9.hours 10.most amazing Passage 2 1.traditional 2.beautiful 3.developed 4.to wear 5.on 6.has helped 7.a 8.But 9.videos 10.quickly 专题四代词 针对训练 I.1.their 2.him 3.her 4.ours 5.themselves 6.mine 7.itself II.8.These 9.those 10.to learn 6 浙江英语（外研 IlI.11.anyone/anybody 12.others 13.everything 14.none 15.either 16.neither IV.17.Whom 18.Which 19.What 20.Whose 核心考点精练 I.1.another 2.my 3.themselves 4.Either 5.both II.6.her 7.his 8.These 9.them 10.him 11.mine 12.their 13.hers 14.myself 15.Who 微专题四代词填空 针对词汇运用和语法填空 I.1.myself 2.us 3.them 4.It 5.themselves 6.both 7.any 8.something II.1.Why 2.my 3.Neither 4.their 5.children 6.These 7.others 8.ourselves 9.hugged 10.perfectly 专题五数词 核心考点精练 I.1.third 2.once 3.twelfth 4.Millions 5.sixth II.1.first 2.second 3.minutes 4.meters 5.hundreds 专题六介词 核心考点精练 I.1.During 2.against 3.along 4.except 5.for 6.from 7.through II.8.on 9.with 10.as 11.across 12.in 13.under 14.over 15.besides IlI.1.without 2.for 3.in 4.from 5.by 6.at 7.around 8.to 专题七冠词 核心考点精练 I.1.an 2.an 3.the 4.a 5.the 6.a;an 7.a 8.The 9.an 10.the II.1.the/a 2.However 3.the 4.so 5.a 6.an 专题八连词 核心考点精练 1.unless/until 2.If 3.When 4.and 5.or 6.since 微专题五无提示词填空 针对语法填空 I.1.what 2.the 3.so 4.across 5.the 6.an 7.between 8.the 9.in 10.by 11.except/but 12.that 13.if 14.Although/Though 15.a II.1.a 2.among 3.with 4.However 5.if 6.when 7.or 8.what 9.who 10.the 专题九构词法 核心考点精练 I.1.easily 2.windy 3.disagree 4.laughter 5.impossible 6.helpful 7.interesting 8.Luckily 9.leader 10.satisfied II.1.wonderful 2.is painted 3.a 4.problems 5.sat 6.useful 7.warmth 8.When/If 9.happily 10.how 专题十句子种类和简单句 核心考点精练 1.1.What 2.do 3.spend 4.Keep 5.How 6.Whose 7.What 8.Where 9.What 10.How II.1.from 2.so 3.Why 4.to 5.what 6.How 版)参考答案