2025-2026学年北师大版高二上学期英语寒假作业第17天(共17天)

Winter Vacation Homework（十七） 一、阅读理解 第一节 阅读 A Encounters with folk music and distinctive European instruments are always a creative inspiration. Anything different from the usual mainstream and listening habits makes us curious. Germany: Waldzither Only recently, Waldzither made it onto the UNESCO list of intangible cultural heritage. It has been around for more than 120 years, dating back to around 1900, when it first appeared in Thuringia. Interestingly, the first models of this folk instrument were made and played by loggers and miners, who then passed on their knowledge from generation to generation. Greece: Bouzouki The bouzouki is an international ambassador of Greece and has long become a symbol of Greece, displaying an unstoppable passion for life and Southern melancholy at the same time. This pear-shaped stringed instrument, often seen as traditional, only entered Greece’s culture in the 1920s. With six or eight double chorus strings, the bouzouki is available in Greek or Irish versions. Switzerland: Alphorn Switzerland has more to offer than pocket knives, cheese, and chocolate. The country also has a musical national symbol: the alphorn. Around four metres in length, the wooden instrument was originally used by sheepmen to communicate across mountains and valleys. The alphorn is a natural instrument that seeks to explore the emotions of freedom, vastness, and loneliness through the sounds of nature. Armenia: Duduk This flute ranks among the world’s hardest to play yet develops as a beloved national instrument of Armenia. With an emotionally fascinating sound, the duduk tells stories of loneliness and vastly expansive landscapes. Crafted traditionally from selected woods which are wetted, dried, and then stored for several years to dry out completely, the duduk since 2005 has been recognized by UNESCO. 1．Which instrument has different versions? A．Waldzither. B．Bouzouki. C．Alphorn. D．Duduk. 2．What was the alphorn initially designed for? A．Folk stories telling. B．Interaction among sheepmen. C．Knowledge spreading. D．Protection of local culture. 3．What do the four instruments have in common? A．Their music fits common listening habits. B．They all play mainstream music. C．Their music appeals to Europeans only. D．They are unique folk instruments. B Why am I always buying new luggage? I don’t know, but here I go again. It seems that I cannot keep decent luggage for some reason. My red luggage looked so nice and strong when I bought it years ago. A trip or two with airport luggage handlers playing soccer with it and it began to break. The outside of it left plastic crumbs(碎屑) behind me like being followed by ants. I bought a small purple suitcase for the airline specifications when I went to Egypt. It was not a bad choice. When hundreds of black suitcases all looking identical came tumbling out on the carousel at the airport, my purple one was easy to spot. So, I figured I would use the purple one again this time. But I forgot my daughter borrowed the purple suitcase and it now belongs to her. I can never seem to keep decent luggage. About the time when I purchased a nice leather Samsonite years ago, luggage with wheels came along. My no-wheel luggage was instantly outdated. After my leather luggage went the way of the dinosaur, I bought a new black suitcase, the largest one I could find. “This will hold everything,” I thought. And it did. But it weighed a ton. Most airlines charge $25 these days to check the luggage, and it is much too large to carry on. This time my new suitcase is blue. Unlike the two-wheel versions, which still require a certain amount of balance and strain your back when you pull it through the airport, it is a spinner, with four wheels. You can push it, pull it, or walk beside it. And it has round wheels like a ball instead of flat wheels. It’s the latest thing, the luggage salesman assured me. Now that I’ve spent big bucks, I’m certain they will come out with something even better, something indestructible that can do cartwheels(侧手翻)instead of merely spin. My little spinner will be obsolete before I can use it twice. Suitcase designers are busy every day dreaming up new ideas. They now have smart luggage that will produce an electronic signal. Traveling gets more complicated every day. 4．Why was the red luggage broken? A．It was badly treated by luggage handlers. B．It is of poor quality. C．It was seriously bitten by ants. D．It is made of plastic. 5．Why did the writer buy the purple suitcase? A．It could hold many things. B．It was of the required size. C．It was in her favourite color. D．It was a gift for her daughter. 6．What is special about the blue suitcase? A．It is unbreakable. B．It is a two-wheel version. C．It is a nice leather suitcase with no wheels. D．It has round wheels and can move easily. 7．What is the tone of the text? A．Moving and vivid. B．Ironic and humorous. C．Warm and imaginative. D．Humble and cautious. C Let’s face it: we are influenced by AI algorithms (算法) when surfing the Internet on a daily basis. If you think about it, almost anything you can possibly click on over the Internet wants to influence you in some way. Even if it’s not an advertisement and the goal isn’t literally to sell you a product or service, it wants to influence you somehow, whether it’s getting you to think something, feel something, or do something. Behind every blogger, YouTube personality, and social media influencer, there are the companies that own the platforms these bloggers and influencers use: YouTube, Meta, TikTok, Instagram, and the rest. Generally speaking, the goal of these platforms is to keep users on them as often as possible for as long as possible and this increases the likelihood of those users clicking on targeted ads. These platforms use the users’ data to serve the content most likely to arouse their emotions and keep them engaged. The kind of content that’s effective at keeping people engaged often happens to be emotionally charged: sensational (轰动的), controversial, or misinformative. Unfortunately, due to its massive computing power, AI is very good at understanding your psychology (often better than you do) and, therefore, using content that is most likely to “push your buttons”. Obviously, AI itself has no emotions. It doesn’t “want” to influence you or to have power over you, but it does simply because, in the context of the Internet, that’s what it’s been programmed to do. The people who use AI as their tools are simply trying to accomplish the goal of any platform or company, which is to be profitable. In a previous post, I wrote about being data literate. Well, the first step towards protecting yourself against AI’s influence is to be conscious of the fact that we live in an attention economy in which much of the business occurs between companies that want your attention and the content platforms that provide it to them. 8．What message does the author try to convey about social media in paragraph 3? A．It is developing rapidly. B．It is trying to control us. C．It enjoys great popularity. D．It offers us a variety of choices. 9．What kind of content do the social media platforms favour most? A．The content that causes emotional reactions. B．The content that creates value for users. C．The content that spreads positive energy. D．The content that makes users feel satisfied. 10．Which of the following may be to blame according to the author? A．AI algorithms. B．Content creators. C．Social media users. D．Social media platforms. 11．What will the author probably talk about in the paragraph that follows? A．How social media platforms work. B．How AI algorithms are influencing us. C．Some measures to protect ourselves. D．Some negative effects of AI algorithms. D During World War II, mathematician Alan Turing gathered a team of logic experts to decode enemy messages, a key step toward victory. If there was one branch of mathematics which could be said they were using systematically, it was symbolic logic. However, the curriculum designs that methodically develop students’ symbolic logic abilities are relatively rare. Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. Symbolic logic turns this kind of argument into algebra (代数学), readily shared, solved and generalized for solving mysteries. For careers such as electrical engineering and computer science, the value of symbolic logic is undeniable. The fundamental building blocks of modern digital computers are circuits representing “AND” and “OR”, which are common in symbolic logic. Almost every computer program contains similar “if-then-else” logical conditions. Professional programmers must routinely write and troubleshoot such statements. But symbolic logic is not solely limited to technical fields. Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching responsible citizenship requires providing students with mathematical reasoning skills. For example, consider a debate over a study finding that most adults without high-school certificates earn less. A responsible citizen must think through the implications along the lines of the book-theft case example above. No certificate likely means lower income, but low income doesn’t mean no certificate. Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasonings sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens. In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education — teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. Consider, for instance, some global-warming doubters use one day of cold weather as proof that global warming is a hoax (骗局). But a logical thinker can quickly spot that weather is short-term, while climate is long-term change. Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning. Symbolic logic is essential for intellectual development. By integrating symbolic logic into educational frameworks, we equip future generations with the intellectual tools to navigate complex challenges. Training for it must be included in the curriculum and cannot be left to chance. 12．According to the passage, symbolic logic can play a primary role when ________. A．a chef is creating a new recipe by combining different materials B．a doctor is identifying one’s illness by using signs and test findings C．a student is deciding which club to join based on personal interests D．a journalist is writing a feature article by interviewing local people 13．The phrase “second nature” in Paragraph 4 implies that symbolic logic training helps citizens to ________. A．follow social rules without questioning B．perform logical reasoning automatically C．prioritize rationality over emotions in daily life D．memorize common argument patterns mechanically 14．From the passage, we learn that symbolic logic ________. A．tells the difference between separate incidents B．is mainly applied in solving mathematical puzzles C．questions the basic principles of modern computers D．enables people to detect and challenge false arguments 15．The author may agree that current symbolic logic education is ________. A．manageable and will improve naturally B．acceptable if alternative courses are available C．unsatisfying for the lack of symbolic logic courses D．problematic and ignores logical reasoning practice 第二节 阅读七选五 Repetition, the act of doing something again and again, is a foundation of learning and skill development. 16 , so from childhood, we are taught to keep practicing, keep trying, and keep improving. The followings are about what repetition can bring to you. 17 . Task repetition is a key to transforming short-term memories into long-term memories. Learning and speaking a new language illustrate the process. Repetition helps to strengthen new ideas and behaviors in your mind, making them more familiar and easier to recall. Repetition builds habits. As you repeat something over and over again, it allows you to act on it without conscious effort. When you’re learning to play an instrument or do a sport, repetition is key for building muscle memory. 18 . Repetition provides familiarity. Familiarity is the basic source of psychological and social stability. 19 . This is why repeated experiences, such as drinking coffee or listening to music, often make us more enjoyable over time. Repetition brings refreshment. 20 . But you are more likely to enjoy something the second time around than you think. As repeating things can be considered as another opportunity to experience something fully, such as seeing things that you didn’t see the first time around. In sum, by embracing repetition as an essential part of your personal growth journey, you can make steady progress towards your goals and achieve the success you desire. A．Repetition improves memory B．Repetition increases creativity C．Things are usually fresh the first time D．It is our habits that determine our future E．Thus you can gradually improve your performance F．Repeated effort improves ability and deepens understanding G．The more we are familiar with something, the more we like it 二、完形填空 I am a mum, a wife and an author of Tea with the Dutchess: How to do anything with style. Every day when 21 my children off to school, I whisper “ 22 your manners with you”. This might sound like I am about to give a long lecture. However, I just want to remind them that manners bring kindness to the world, and kindness is what this world 23 . There is nothing 24 about good old manners. Elegance and charm are not 25 relics of the past but essential 26 that can enhance personal and professional success in the present. Qualities such as kindness, elegance and grace can 27 enormous material wealth and outward 28 . Besides your manners, bring your acts of kindness with you, and spread your acts of kindness, such as 29 your seat to an elder in the bus. Little things like this will not go 30 . A smile, a gentle or 31 word to a stranger or a friend may have a bigger 32 than you think. It may sound so simple, but in simplicity 33 the most wonderful things. When laying your head to rest at night, ask yourself if you have an influence on someone’s life today. If the answer is yes to this question, the 34 are that you have made a heart sing and restored a bit of hopefulness in humanity or simply lifted a 35 . 21．A．leaving B．showing C．seeing D．dropping 22．A．grab B．seize C．bring D．fetch 23．A．needs B．obtains C．claims D．becomes 24．A．well-received B．time-honored C．well-established D．old-fashioned 25．A．hardly B．merely C．absolutely D．completely 26．A．virtues B．beliefs C．customs D．behaviors 27．A．bring about B．clear away C．build on D．go beyond 28．A．sources B．features C．appearances D．performances 29．A．saving B．offering C．occupying D．reserving 30．A．unaffected B．unreported C．unnoticed D．unexpected 31．A．precise B．energetic C．innovative D．encouraging 32．A．result B．impact C．outcome D．existence 33．A．lead B．live C．create D．forget 34．A．extents B．points C．chances D．degrees 35．A．mood B．spirit C．sense D．position 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Increase your productivity. This is 36 AI tools attract its users. However, despite hopes that the technology will improve the 37 (efficient) of work, not everyone is on board. According to BBC, 59 percent of men aged 18 to 65 around the world use generative AI at least once a week, compared 38 51 percent of women. The gender gap is even 39 (wide) among younger people; 71 percent of men and 59 percent of women aged 18 to 24 use generative AI weekly. Why are women less open to AI than men? According to AI expert Jodie Cook, this gap reflects the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields (science, technology, engineering and mathematics). “For ages, STEM fields 40 (lead) by males. The current pattern in the use of AI tools appears 41 (mirror) this difference,” Cook told the BBC． Certain patterns in female thinking might also play 42 role. In a survey of 486 students, 43 (divide) by academic performance, researchers found that high-performing female students were more likely to use ChatGPT only when it had been allowed by their professor. “It’s the idea that I have to do it on my own without 44 (take) shortcuts,” Cook explained. For some experts, women’s reluctance (不情愿) to use AI is troubling, as it could lead to technology being designed more for men. Others, however, are less alarmed, pointing out that AI may right now act more as a “digital toy”, and women may 45 (simple) be better at avoiding distractions. 四、书信写作 假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举办关于“AI在日常生活中的应用”的英语演讲比赛。请你给外教 Mr Smith 写封邮件，邀请他担任评委，内容包括： 1. 比赛安排； 2. 期待回复。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80 个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 五、书面表达 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Emily Harper sat at her desk, staring blankly at the math problems in front of her. Numbers and variables danced confusingly across the page, laughing at her every effort. At school, Emily was known for her artistic talents, but math had always been her weakness. No matter how hard she tried, she just couldn’t make sense of it. Her struggles only worsened in the 10th grade. The pressure to keep up with her classmates grew, and the poor grades shook her confidence. Her parents decided to step in. “We need to find you some help,” her mother gently suggested one evening. Then came Mr. Jenkins, a retired local teacher known for his unique teaching style. Emily was initially resistant; the idea of spending extra hours on a subject she hated seemed like a punishment. But she unwillingly agreed, knowing something had to change. Their first session was tense. Mr. Jenkins, sensing her frustration, didn’t dive straight into problems. Instead, he asked about her interests. When Emily spoke passionately about her painting, he smiled. “Math is like art, Emily. It has patterns and beauty if you know where to look.” Doubtful but inspired, Emily listened as he began to explain concepts through visual examples. He used colors and shapes, turning abstract numbers into something almost tangible (有形的). For the first time, math seemed less like a foreign language and more like a puzzle waiting to be solved. However, progress was slow. Weeks passed with, minimal improvement, and Emily’s patience wore thin. A particularly difficult quiz left her in tears, convinced she was sure to fail. Mr Jenkins said, “Remember, Emily, every artist starts with a blank canvas. Masterpieces aren’t created overnight. ” Encouraged by his firm belief, Emily pushed on. She began to see the connections between the steps, how each solution followed a logical path. Small victories in practice problems gave her some hope. Mr. Jenkins was always there, celebrating her successes, no matter how minor. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Gradually, Emily’s confidence grew with Mr. Jenkins’ help. _______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emily’s heart raced when the results day arrived. _______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Winter Vacation Homework（十七）参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B B D A B D B B A D 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C B B D C F A E G C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 D C A D B A D C B C 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 D B B C A 阅读理解答案： 1．B 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了德国、希腊、瑞士和亚美尼亚四种独特的民间乐器（瓦尔德齐特琴、布祖基琴、阿尔卑斯长号、杜杜克笛），包括它们的历史渊源、特点及文化意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“Greece: Bouzouki”部分中的“With six or eight double chorus strings, the bouzouki is available in Greek or Irish versions.(布祖基琴有六根或八根双合唱弦，分为希腊版和爱尔兰版)”可知，布祖基琴有不同版本。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据“Switzerland: Alphorn”部分中的“Around four metres in length, the wooden instrument was originally used by sheepmen to communicate across mountains and valleys.(这种木制乐器长约四米，最初由牧羊人用于跨山跨谷交流)”可知，阿尔卑斯长号最初的设计用途是牧羊人间的交流。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Encounters with folk music and distinctive European instruments are always a creative inspiration. Anything different from the usual mainstream and listening habits makes us curious.(接触民间音乐和独特的欧洲乐器总是能带来创作灵感。任何不同于常规主流和聆听习惯的事物都会让我们感到好奇)”及下文对四种乐器的介绍可知，它们的共同点是“独特的民间乐器”。故选D项。 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者用幽默的口吻为读者讲述了她与行李箱之间的爱恨情仇，表现了技术对生活的影响。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“A trip or two with airport luggage handlers playing soccer with it and it began to break.(一两次和机场行李搬运工一起玩足球，它就开始破裂了)”可知，红色行李箱破了是因为机场行李搬运工如踢足球般粗暴地对待这个行李箱，故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“I bought a small purple suitcase for the airline specifications when I went to Egypt.(我去埃及的时候，按照航空公司的规定买了一个紫色的小手提箱)”可知，作者当时买紫色行李箱是迫于机场对行李箱的规格要求，故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike the two-wheel versions, which still require a certain amount of balance and strain your back when you pull it through the airport, it is a spinner, with four wheels. You can push it, pull it, or walk beside it. And it has round wheels like a ball instead of flat wheels.(两轮的版本仍然需要一定程度的平衡，当你把它拉过机场时，你的背部会绷紧，而它不同于两轮版本，它是一个有四个轮子的旋转器。你可以推它，拉它，或者走在它旁边。它有像球一样的圆形轮子，而不是扁平的轮子)”可知，这个蓝色手提箱有圆形的轮子，移动起来很方便。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“A trip or two with airport luggage handlers playing soccer with it and it began to break.(一两次和机场行李搬运工一起玩足球，它就开始破裂了)”；“The outside of it left plastic crumbs(碎屑) behind me like being followed by ants.(它的外面在我身后留下了塑料屑，就像被蚂蚁跟着一样)”以及第五段“After my leather luggage went the way of the dinosaur, I bought a new black suitcase, the largest one I could find.(在我的皮箱过时之后，我买了一个新的黑色手提箱，这是我能找到的最大的一个)”中playing soccer with it、went the way of the dinosaur、can do cartwheels等语句说明了作者用幽默并略带讽刺的语言讲述了她和行李箱之间的故事，故选B。 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了我们必须面对这样一个事实：各大社交媒体平台正在利用人工智能算法来影响和控制我们，表面看它们是在吸引我们的注意力，其背后的真实目的自然是利益。 8．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Behind every blogger, YouTube personality, and social media influencer, there are the companies that own the platforms these bloggers and influencers use: YouTube, Meta, TikTok, Instagram, and the rest. Generally speaking, the goal of these platforms is to keep users on them as often as possible for as long as possible and this increases the likelihood of those users clicking on targeted ads.(在每个博主、YouTube名人和社交媒体影响者的背后，都有拥有这些博主和影响者使用的平台的公司：YouTube、Meta、TikTok、Instagram等。一般来说，这些平台的目标是让用户尽可能频繁地使用它们，从而增加这些用户点击目标广告的可能性)”可知，本段作者列举YouTube、Meta、TikTok、Instagram等这些社交媒体平台为例，主要说明它们在吸引我们的注意力，最终目的是增加我们点击广告的概率。由此可知，作者在本段想要传达的信息是社交媒体正试图控制我们。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The kind of content that’s effective at keeping people engaged often happens to be emotionally charged: sensational (轰动的), controversial，or misinformative.(那些能有效吸引人们的内容往往是充满情感的：轰动的、有争议的或错误的信息)”可知，社交媒体上最能有效吸引用户的内容是那些轰动的、有争议的或错误的信息，这些内容有一个共同点，那就是能激发或煽动网友们的各种情绪反应，故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Obviously, AI itself has no emotions. It doesn’t “want” to influence you or to have power over you, but it does simply because, in the context of the Internet, that’s what it’s been programmed to do. The people who use AI as their tools are simply trying to accomplish the goal of any platform or company, which is to be profitable.(显然，人工智能本身没有情感。它并不“想要”影响你或对你有权力，但它这样做只是因为，在互联网的背景下，这就是它被编程的目的。使用人工智能作为工具的人只是试图实现任何平台或公司的目标，即盈利)”可知，作者认为，人工智能本身没有情感，也无意影响我们或者调动我们的情绪，真正试图操控和影响我们的是社交媒体平台以及背后的公司，且第三段中“Behind every blogger, YouTube personality, and social media influencer, there are the companies that own the platforms these bloggers and influencers use: YouTube, Meta, TikTok, Instagram, and the rest.(在每个博主、YouTube名人和社交媒体影响者的背后，都有拥有这些博主和影响者使用的平台的公司：YouTube、Meta、TikTok、Instagram等)”也指出，社交媒体平台的上的内容生产者也是被平台操控的。故选D。 11．推理判断题。最后一段中“Well, the first step towards protecting yourself against AI’s influence is to be conscious of the fact that we live in an attention economy in which much of the business occurs between companies that want your attention and the content platforms that provide it to them.(保护自己不受人工智能影响的第一步是要意识到这样一个事实，即我们生活在一个注意力经济中，在这个经济中，许多业务发生在想要你关注的公司和为他们提供关注的内容平台之间)”谈到如何保护自己不受人工智能影响。由此可推知，作者接下来可能会继续就如何进行自我保护给我们提出更多的建议和措施。故选C。 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了符号逻辑的重要性及其在教育中的应用。 12．推理判断题。根据第二段“Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. (符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们能够检查某些结论是否正确地基于一系列事实得出。以图书馆失窃案为例。如果嫌疑人在失窃当天不在图书馆，那么他们就不可能是小偷。如果在场，他们则有可能是，也有可能不是。在图书馆并不意味着他们偷了书。)”可知，符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们能够检查某些结论是否正确地遵循了一组事实。因此，当医生根据症状和检查结果来诊断病情时，符号逻辑可以发挥主要作用，帮助医生根据事实推断出正确的结论。故选B。 13．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasonings sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens. (对符号逻辑的训练能够让这类推理融入公民的认知过程，并使其成为他们的second nature。)”可知，这里指的是通过训练，这些推理过程变得自然而然，成为公民的一种自动能力。因此，second nature在此处意为“天性，自动的能力”，与perform logical reasoning automatically“自动进行逻辑推理”意思相符。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第五段“In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education — teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. (此外，符号逻辑使个人能够通过区分个别事件和系统性证据来反驳虚假声明。最有效的策略在于预防性教育——教导人们从源头上识别错误的推理。)”可知，符号逻辑使人们能够检测和挑战错误的论点。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据第六段“Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning. (有些人怀疑是否需要单独开设符号逻辑课程，认为其他课程也能起到同样的作用。例如，在写作课程中，学生学习如何发现不合逻辑的论证，三角学中也涵盖基本的证明。通过不使用任何符号来教授人们逻辑思维，也可以获得很多收获。但只有符号逻辑能确保逻辑的严密性。零敲碎打的方法是不够的；需要一整学期的课程来进行全面的学习。)”可知，作者可能同意当前的符号逻辑教育由于缺乏符号逻辑课程而不令人满意。故选C。 阅读七选五答案： 16．F 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍重复作为学习和技能培养的基础，能带来改善记忆、养成习惯等多方面益处，助力个人成长。 16．根据前文“Repetition, the act of doing something again and again, is a foundation of learning and skill development.(重复，即一次次做某事的行为，是学习和技能培养的基础。)”和后文“so from childhood, we are taught to keep practicing, keep trying, and keep improving.(因此从童年起，我们就被教导要不断练习、不断尝试、不断进步。)”可知，空格处应说明重复的作用，承接前文并引出后文的教导，F选项“Repeated effort improves ability and deepens understanding(重复的努力能提升能力并加深理解)”中的“Repeated effort”呼应前文“Repetition”，解释了“为何要不断练习”，符合语境。故选F项。 17．根据后文“Task repetition is a key to transforming short-term memories into long-term memories. Learning and speaking a new language illustrate the process. Repetition helps to strengthen new ideas and behaviors in your mind, making them more familiar and easier to recall.(任务重复是将短期记忆转化为长期记忆的关键。学习和说一门新语言就体现了这一过程。重复有助于在你的脑海中强化新想法和行为，使它们更熟悉、更容易回忆。)”可知，本段核心是重复对记忆的改善作用，A选项“Repetition improves memory(重复改善记忆)”作为本段小标题，概括了后文内容，符合语境。故选A项。 18．根据前文“Repetition builds habits. As you repeat something over and over again, it allows you to act on it without conscious effort. When you’re learning to play an instrument or do a sport, repetition is key for building muscle memory.(重复养成习惯。当你一次次重复某事时，你会在无意识中做出行动。当你学习演奏乐器或做运动时，重复是培养肌肉记忆的关键。)”可知，空格处应说明重复养成习惯后的效果，E选项“Thus you can gradually improve your performance(因此你能逐渐提升自己的表现)”中的“Thus”承接前文“重复培养肌肉记忆”，说明其最终能带来表现提升，符合语境。故选E项。 19．根据前文“Repetition provides familiarity. Familiarity is the basic source of psychological and social stability.(重复带来熟悉感。熟悉感是心理和社会稳定的基本来源。)”和后文“This is why repeated experiences, such as drinking coffee or listening to music, often make us more enjoyable over time.(这就是为什么重复的经历，比如喝咖啡或听音乐，往往会让我们随着时间的推移感到更愉悦。)”可知，空格处应说明熟悉感与喜爱之间的关系，G选项“The more we are familiar with something, the more we like it(我们对某事物越熟悉，就越喜欢它)”承接前文“熟悉感”，解释了后文“重复经历更愉悦”的原因，符合语境。故选G项。 20．根据前文“Repetition brings refreshment.(重复带来新鲜感。)”和后文“But you are more likely to enjoy something the second time around than you think. As repeating things can be considered as another opportunity to experience something fully, such as seeing things that you didn’t see the first time around.(但你第二次喜欢某样东西的可能性比你想象的要大。因为重复某事可以被视为另一个充分体验的机会，比如看到你第一次没看到的东西。)”可知，空格处应先提及第一次的新鲜感，与后文“第二次的体验”形成对比，C选项“Things are usually fresh the first time(事情通常第一次是新鲜的)”中的“the first time”与后文“the second time around”呼应，通过“but”转折突出重复带来的新体验，符合语境。故选C项。 完形填空答案： 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者每天送孩子上学时都会提醒他们要有礼貌，因为礼貌能带来善意，而世界需要善意。作者鼓励人们展现小善举，如在公交车上让座。这些行为虽小却意义重大，简单的善行中蕴含着巨大的美好。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天送孩子们去上学时，我都会轻声说“带着你们的礼貌”。A. leaving离开；B. showing展示；C. seeing看见；D. dropping落下，送。根据下文“my children off to school”可知，此处指作者每天送孩子上学的时候。drop sb. off为固定短语，意为“送某人（到某地）”。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天送孩子们去上学时，我都会轻声说“带着你们的礼貌”。A. grab抓住；B. seize抓住，夺取；C. bring带来；D. fetch拿来。根据下文“ Besides your manners, bring your acts of kindness with you”可知，此处指作者低声向孩子们说要“带上礼貌”。故选C。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只是想提醒他们，礼貌给世界带来善意，而善意是这个世界所需要的。A. needs需要；B. obtains获得；C. claims声称；D. becomes变得。根据上文“manners bring kindness to the world, and kindness is what this world”和下文“Besides your manners, bring your acts of kindness with you, and spread your acts of kindness”可知，此处作者想表达的是善意是世界需要的东西。故选A。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：良好的旧礼仪并没有过时。A. well-received受欢迎的；B. time-honored历史悠久的；C. well-established得到确认的；D. old-fashioned过时的。根据下文“Elegance and charm”和“relics of the past but essential”可知，此处说礼仪不过时。故选D。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：优雅和魅力绝不仅仅是过去的遗物，而是在当下能够促进个人和职业成功的基本美德。A. hardly几乎不；B. merely仅仅；C. absolutely绝对地；D. completely完全地。根据下文“relics of the past but essential”可知，此处表示否定，强调优雅和魅力不只是过去的遗物。故选B。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：优雅和魅力绝不仅仅是过去的遗物，而是在当下能够促进个人和职业成功的基本美德。A. virtues美德；B. beliefs信念；C. customs习俗；D. behaviors行为。根据上文“Elegance and charm”和下文“can enhance personal and professional success in the present. Qualities such as kindness, elegance and grace”可知，优雅和魅力是当下促进个人和职业成功所必需的美德。故选A。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：善良、优雅和风度等品质所能带来的影响，可远远超越巨额物质财富和外在形象。A. bring about带来；B. clear away清除；C. build on以……为基础；D. go beyond超出。根据上文“Elegance and charm are not relics of the past but essential that can enhance personal and professional success in the present.”可知，善良、优雅和有风度是当下能够促进个人和职业成功的基本美德，它们能够超越巨大的物质财富。故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良、优雅和风度等品质所能带来的影响，可远远超越巨额物质财富和外在形象。A. sources来源；B. features特征；C. appearances外表；D. performances 表演。根据上文“Qualities such as kindness, elegance and grace can enormous material wealth and outward”可知，此处指超越巨大的物质财富与外表。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了你的礼貌，带上你的善举，传播你的善举，比如在公交车上给老人让座。A. saving节省；B. offering提供；C. occupying占据；D. reserving预订。根据上文“spread your acts of kindness”和下文“your seat to an elder in the bus”可知，此处表示主动给老人让座。故选B。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像这样的小事不会被忽视。A. unaffected不受影响的；B. unreported未报道的；C. unnoticed未被注意到的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据下文“A smile, a gentle”和“word to a stranger or a friend may have a bigger”可知，此处表达的是善举虽小但不会被忽视。故选C。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对陌生人或朋友的一个微笑、一句温和或鼓励的话语可能会产生比你想象中更大的影响。A. precise精确的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. innovative创新的；D. encouraging鼓励的。根据上文“A smile”可知，对应微笑应是鼓励的话语。故选D。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对陌生人或朋友的一个微笑、一句温和或鼓励的话语可能会产生比你想象中更大的影响。A. result结果；B. impact影响；C. outcome结果；D. existence存在。根据上文“to a stranger or a friend may have a bigger”可知，此处表达的是对陌生人或朋友的一个微笑、一句温柔或者鼓励的话语所产生的重大影响，have an impact on...为固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。故选B。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这听起来可能很简单，但最美好的事物往往蕴含在简单之中。A. lead引导；B. live生活，留存；C. create创造；D. forget忘记。根据上文“in simplicity”和下文“the most wonderful things”可知，此处表达的是简单之中蕴含美好，live留存，符合语境。故选B。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这个问题的答案是肯定的，那么很有可能你已经让某个人满心欢喜，并恢复了对人性的一点希望，或仅仅是让某个人的心情变好。A. extents程度；B. points要点；C. chances可能性；D. degrees程度。根据上文“If the answer is yes to this question”和下文“are that you have made a heart sing”可知，此处表达的是如果答案是肯定的，那么很可能你已经对他人产生了积极的影响，the chances are that...为固定短语，意为“很有可能……”。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果这个问题的答案是肯定的，那么很有可能你已经让某个人满心欢喜，并恢复了对人性的一点希望，或仅仅是让某个人的心情变好。A. mood心情；B. spirit精神；C. sense感觉；D. position位置。根据上文“simply lifted a ”可知，此处表达的是让某个人的心情变好。lift a mood为固定短语，意为“改善心情；使心情变好”。故选A。 语法填空答案： 36．how 37．efficiency 38．with 39．wider 40．have been led 41．to mirror 42．a 43．divided 44．taking 45．simply 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了在使用人工智能工具方面存在的性别差异现象，即男性使用人工智能工具的比例高于女性，分析了造成这种差异的原因，包括女性在STEM领域代表性不足以及女性思维模式等因素，同时也提及了专家们对女性使用人工智能工具意愿较低这一现象的不同看法。 36．考查表语从句。句意：这就是人工智能工具吸引用户的方式。is后面为表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，结合语境，此处表示方式，所以用连接副词how引导表语从句。故填how。 37．考查名词。句意：然而，尽管人们希望这项技术能提高工作效率，但并非所有人都支持。根据空前的“the”以及空后的“of work”可知，此处需要用名词形式，efficient的名词是efficiency，意为“效率”。故填efficiency。 38．考查介词。句意：据英国广播公司报道，全球18岁至65岁的男性中，59%的人每周至少使用一次生成式人工智能，而女性这一比例为51%。此处为固定搭配compared with，表示“与……相比”。故填with。 39．考查形容词比较级。句意：年轻人中的性别差距更大；18岁至24岁的男性中，71%的人每周使用生成式人工智能，女性这一比例为59%。根据空前的even以及语境可知，此处表示与前文情况相比，年轻人中的性别差距更大，所以用形容词wide的比较级wider。故填wider。 40．考查动词时态和语态。句意：长期以来，STEM领域一直由男性主导。根据时间状语“For ages”可知，此处强调从过去一直持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，且主语STEM fields与lead之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been +过去分词”，主语是复数，故填have been led。 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：目前人工智能工具使用上的模式似乎反映了这种差异。此处为固定搭配appear to do sth.，表示“似乎做某事”，所以用动词不定式to mirror。故填to mirror。 42．考查冠词。句意：女性思维中的某些模式可能也起了作用。此处为固定搭配play a role，表示“起作用”。故填a。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一项对486名按学业成绩划分的学生的调查中，研究人员发现，成绩优异的女学生更有可能只有在教授允许的情况下才使用ChatGPT。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，students与divide之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词divided。故填divided。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这种想法就是我必须靠自己完成，不能走捷径，”库克解释道。空前为介词without，所以此处用动名词形式taking作宾语。故填taking。 45．考查副词。句意：然而，另一些人则不那么担忧，他们指出，人工智能目前可能更像是一个“数字玩具”，而女性可能只是更善于避免分心。此处修饰句子，应用副词simply，意为“仅仅，只是”。故填simply。 应用文写作答案： One possible version: Dear Mr Smith, I am Li Hua, a student from the English Club at our school. I am writing with great enthusiasm to invite you to serve as a judge for the upcoming English speech contest organized by our club. The contest will be held in the school auditorium at 2:00 pm next Friday, the theme of which is “The Application of AI in Daily Life”. It aims to inspire students’ interest in the combination of technology and learning. We believe your presence will surely add professionalism to the event. I sincerely hope you can join us and look forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Smith写封邮件，邀请他在学校英语社团即将举办的“AI在日常生活中的应用”的英语演讲比赛中担任评委，说明比赛安排，期待他的回复。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 热情、激情：enthusiasm→passion 比赛：contest→competition 主题：theme→topic 激励、激发：inspire→motivate 2. 句式拓展： 同义句转换： 原句：I am writing with great enthusiasm to invite you to serve as a judge for the upcoming English speech contest organized by our club. 拓展句：I am writing with great enthusiasm to invite you to serve as a judge for the upcoming English speech contest that will be organized by our club. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The contest will be held in the school auditorium at 2:00 pm next Friday, the theme of which is “The Application of AI in Daily Life”.（运用了以介词+关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。） 【高分句型2】We believe your presence will surely add professionalism to the event.（运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句。） 读后续写答案： One possible version: Gradually, Emily’s confidence grew with Mr. Jenkins’ help. She found herself approaching math problems with a newfound curiosity instead of anxiety. The once confusing numbers and symbols began to become patterns she could understand. Mr. Jenkins continued to teach her in his unique way. Emily started to enjoy the challenge, and her once hesitant hand now moved steadily across the paper. The joy she felt when a solution clicked into place was something she had never expected to experience with math. Emily’s heart raced when the results day arrived. She sat in the classroom, her hands trembling slightly as she received her test paper. Her eyes widened in disbelief as she saw the grade — a solid A. Tears of relief and happiness welled up in her eyes. She looked up at Mr. Jenkins, who stood at the back of the classroom, watching her with a proud smile. In that moment, Emily knew that she had not only conquered her fear of math but also discovered the power of perseverance. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米丽在数学上一直很薄弱，10年级时情况更糟，父母为她请来了以独特教学方式闻名的退休教师詹金斯先生。起初艾米丽很抗拒，但在詹金斯先生用艺术类比讲解数学概念后，她开始有了新的认识。尽管进步缓慢，艾米丽在詹金斯先生的鼓励下坚持学习，逐渐看到了数学中的逻辑和美感。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在詹金斯先生的帮助下，艾米丽的信心逐渐增强。”可知，第一段可描写艾米丽在詹金斯先生的帮助下，对数学的态度转变，开始享受解决数学问题的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“成绩公布日到来时，艾米丽的心怦怦直跳。”可知，第二段可描写艾米丽看到自己数学成绩后的反应，以及她对自己克服数学恐惧、学会坚持的感悟。 2. 续写线索：信心增强——态度转变——享受挑战——成绩公布——看到成绩——感悟坚持 3. 行为类 ① 理解：understand/comprehend ② 颤抖：tremble/shake ③ 克服：conquer/get over 情绪类 ①轻松：relief/ease ②高兴：happiness/delight 【点睛】【高分句型1】The once confusing numbers and symbols began to become patterns she could understand. (运用了省略that的定语从句) 【高分句型2】She looked up at Mr. Jenkins, who stood at the back of the classroom, watching her with a proud smile. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语) ✾高二英语寒假作业第 1 页 共 15 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $