2025-2026学年北师大版高二上学期英语寒假作业第12天(共17天)

Winter Vacation Homework（十二） 一、强化基础---词汇拓展[旨在为突破语法填空积累词汇] 名词变复数 第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．analysis分析→ 2．bacterium细菌→ 3．basis基础→ 4．child儿童→ 5．datum资料；数据→ 6．tooth牙齿→ 7．mouse老鼠→ 8．crisis危机→ 9．criterion标准，准则→ 10．medium媒体；媒介→ 11．phenomenon现象→ 12．stomach胃→ 13．thesis论文；论点→ 14．piano钢琴→ 15．tomato西红柿→ 16．activity活动→ 17．grown-up成年人→ 18．gentleman绅士→ 19．belief信念，信仰→ 20．passer-by路人→ 二、语法小练---单句填空[旨在复习名词性从句] 1．Susan’s experiences show that if an individual excels in their professional capacity, then a question of they are female or male is not important. 2． English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. 3．Videos and an interactive chat robot allow users to get the platform provides beyond text and further broaden users’ horizons. 4．The reason why he is late for school is he missed the bus. 5．There is little doubt Earth is getting warmer and warmer. 6．More often than not, the results are different from people expect. 7．Our research offers further scientific evidence a mix of positive and negative emotions promotes well-being. 8． is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 9． he will come or not doesn’t matter much. 10．The question is is responsible for what has happened. 11．There is no denying more and more people choose to study abroad. 12．It is likely Native Americans were living in California fifteen thousand years ago. 三、综合提升---阅读七选五[旨在提升学生语篇理解能力] Bedtime rituals (仪式) At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite shown but engaging in a regular bedtime ritual could actually help you sleep better. 1 And if you turn these bedtime activities into a ritual — that is, if you do them every night around the same time — you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need. What is a bedtime ritual? A bedtime ritual is a set of activities that you perform nightly in preparation for going to bed. 2 For children, 20 to 45 minutes should be enough time to wind down. Your bedtime ritual should include practices that help you relax, like having a cup of warm milk. It can also incorporate practical activities, like brushing your teeth or putting on pajamas. 3 . How to Create Your Own Bedtime Ritual? There’s no formula for the perfect bedtime ritual, so you might want to try several different activities before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. 4 If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day. If classical music soothes you, turn on some Bach or Mozart while you enjoy a bath. And remember to prioritize comfort. Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. 5 When the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. A．Avoid activities known to interfere with sleep. B．For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. C．Start out with two or three activities that help you feel relaxed. D．Settling down with some relaxing activities can tell your body it’s time to sleep. E．Wear comfortable pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low. F．Sleeping behaviors develop during childhood and often become fixed patterns by adulthood. G．Whatever you choose to include in your ritual, the key is doing them consistently every night. 四、综合提升---语法填空[旨在提升学生语言综合运用能力] Chen Ning Yang, a famous Chinese physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away at the age of 103, according to Chinese media. He was known as one of the 1 (influential) scientists in the world. In 1957, Yang and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, 2 (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research on the law of parity. Their discovery helped people better understand elementary particles, the tiny parts that make up all matter. Born in 1922 in Anhui Province, Yang was the eldest of five children. Growing up on the campus of Tsinghua University, 3 his father taught mathematics, he developed 4 deep love for science. As a teenager, Yang once told his parents, “One day, I want to win the Nobel Prize.” 5 (remarkable), this dream came true at the age of 35. Having earned his bachelor’s degree in 1942 from the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yang kept on 6 (complete) a master’s degree at Tsinghua. After the Sino-Japanese War, he went to the United States on a Tsinghua scholarship 7 studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi, who built the world’s first nuclear reactor. Throughout his long career, Yang devoted 8 (he) to many fields of physics, focusing especially 9 statistical mechanics and symmetry principles. It was not only the Nobel Prize that honored him; in 1957, he received the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award, and a year later, an honorary doctorate from Princeton University — a clear 10 (recognize) of his lifelong devotion to science. Winter Vacation Homework（十二）参考答案 一、强化基础---词汇拓展答案　 1.analyses 2.bacteria 3. bases 4.children 5.data 6. teeth 7. mice 8. crises 9. criteria 10.media 11. phenomena 12. stomachs 13. theses 14. pianos 15. tomatoes 16. activities 17. grown-ups 18. gentlemen 19. beliefs 20.passers-by 二、单句填空答案 1．whether 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：苏珊的经历表明，如果一个人在专业能力上表现出色，那么他们是男性还是女性的问题并不重要。分析句子结构，空格后的 “they are female or male”是一个完整的从句，作介词“of”的宾语。当表示“是否”且与 “or”连用构成“是……还是……”的选择关系时，应用whether引导宾语从句。故填whether。 2．That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：英语被接受为国际语言是一个事实。“English is being accepted as an international language”为主语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，用that引导，句首首字母应大写。故填That。 3．what 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：视频和交互式聊天机器人让用户获取该平台所提供的除文本之外的内容，进一步拓宽用户的视野。分析句子结构，____ the platform provides作get的宾语，是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作provides的宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用what。故填what。 4．that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他上学迟到的原因是他错过了公共汽车。空处引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 5．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越温暖。空处引导同位语从句，对名词doubt进行解释说明，从句不缺成分，句意完整，应用无实际意义的that引导。故填that。 6．what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：往往结果和人们预料的不一样。设空处引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语；从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 7．that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们的研究提供了进一步的科学证据，表明积极和消极情绪的混合会促进幸福感。本空引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句不缺成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 8．What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：进行太空旅行所需要的是周密的准备。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写。故填What。 9．Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他来不来其实都不太重要。空处引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，表示“是否……”句型为whether...or not，首字母大写。故填Whether。 10．who 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁该对所发生的事负责。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“谁”应用连接代词who作引导词。故填who。 11．that 【详解】考查名词性从句、固定句型。句意：无可否认，越来越多的人选择出国留学。本句为固定句型there is no denying that…，that引导同位语从句，解释denying的具体内容。故填that。 12．that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：一万五千年前美洲原住民很可能就生活在加利福尼亚了。句中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句子意思完整，故用that引导主语从句，It is likely that...是固定句型，意为“很可能……”。故填that。 三、阅读七选五答案 1．D 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡前仪式的作用、定义以及如何为自己制定专属睡前仪式的相关方法。 1．由上文“At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite shown but engaging in a regular bedtime ritual could actually help you sleep better. (在漫长的一天结束时，你可能想瘫倒在电视机前，看一集你最喜欢的节目，但有规律的睡前仪式实际上可以帮助你睡得更好)”可知，本空要说明睡前仪式帮助睡眠的具体原理，由后文“And if you turn these bedtime activities into a ritual (如果你把这些睡前活动变成一种仪式)”可知，本句要先提及睡前放松活动的作用，D选项“Settling down with some relaxing activities can tell your body it’s time to sleep (进行一些放松活动能让身体知道该睡觉了)”能承上启下，符合题意。D项中的“relaxing activities”与后文“bedtime activities”相对应。故选D。 2．由上文“A bedtime ritual is a set of activities that you perform nightly in preparation for going to bed. (睡前仪式是你每晚为入睡做准备的一系列活动)”可知，本空会进一步补充睡前仪式的相关细节，由后文“For children, 20 to 45 minutes should be enough-time to wind down. (对于儿童来说，20 到 45 分钟的放松时间就足够了)”可知，本句应是介绍成年人睡前仪式的时长，B选项“For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. (对于成年人来说，睡前仪式通常持续30分钟到1小时)”能形成对应，符合题意。B项中的“For adults”与后文“For children”相对应。故选B。 3．由上文“Your bedtime ritual should include practices that help you relax, like having a cup of warm milk. It can also incorporate practical activities, like brushing your teeth or putting on pajamas. (你的睡前仪式应该包含能帮你放松的活动，比如喝杯温牛奶。也可以加入一些实用活动，比如刷牙或换上睡衣)”可知，本空会对睡前仪式的活动选择进行总结，G选项“Whatever you choose to include in your ritual, the key is doing them consistently every night. (无论你选择在仪式中加入什么活动，关键是每晚坚持去做)”能承接前文，符合题意。G项中的“Whatever you choose to include”与前文列举的各类活动相对应。故选G。 4．由上文“There’s no formula for the perfect bedtime ritual, so you might want to try several different activities before settling on a consistent routine. (完美的睡前仪式没有固定模式，所以在确定固定流程前你可以尝试几种不同活动)”可知，本空会给出制定睡前仪式的具体起步建议，由后文“If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching.(如果你喜欢锻炼和运动，可以尝试瑜伽或温和的伸展运动)”等举例可知，本句应是建议从少量放松活动开始，C选项“Start out with two or three activities that help you feel relaxed. (从两到三个能让你放松的活动开始)”能引出下文，符合题意。C项中的“two or three activities”与后文列举的各类活动相对应。故选C。 5．由上文“And remember to prioritize comfort. Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. (记得把舒适放在首位。无论你的睡前仪式是在床上还是其他地方进行，都要确保环境是放松的)”可知，本空会具体说明如何营造舒适放松的环境，由后文“When the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. (到了该入睡的时候，你就准备好了)”可知，本句的建议能帮助进入入睡状态，E选项“Wear comfortable pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low. (穿上舒适的睡衣，蜷在温暖的毯子下，调暗灯光)”能承接前文，符合题意。E项中的“comfortable pajamas”以及“cozy blanket”和“lights low”均是对“your environment is relaxing”的具体体现。故选E。 四、语法填空答案 1．most influential 2．won 3．where 4．a 5．Remarkably 6．completing 7．and 8．himself 9．on 10．recognition 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了著名华裔物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主杨振宁的生平事迹、学术成就及所获荣誉，展现了他对物理学界的杰出贡献。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：他被认为是世界上最具影响力的科学家之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，influential的最高级形式为most influential。故填most influential。 2．考查动词时态。句意：1957年，杨振宁与另一位物理学家李政道因对宇称定律的研究共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。根据时间状语In 1957可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，win的过去式为won。故填won。 3．考查定语从句。句意：他在清华大学的校园里长大，他的父亲在那里教数学，在成长过程中，他对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tsinghua University，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。 4．考查冠词。句意：他在清华大学的校园里长大，他的父亲在那里教数学，在成长过程中，他对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。develop a love for...为固定搭配，表示“对……产生热爱”，deep是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，这个梦想在他35岁时实现了。空格处修饰整个句子，作状语，需用副词形式，remarkable的副词为remarkably，句首首字母大写。故填Remarkably。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：1942年，杨振宁从昆明国立西南联合大学获得学士学位后，继续在清华大学攻读硕士学位。keep on doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“继续做某事”，所以此处用complete的动名词形式completing。故填completing。 7．考查连词。句意：抗日战争结束后，他凭借清华大学的奖学金前往美国，并在芝加哥大学师从恩里科·费米，费米建造了世界上第一座核反应堆。空格前后为两个并列的谓语动词went和studied，表示顺承关系，所以用连词and。故填and。 8．考查反身代词。句意：在漫长的职业生涯中，杨振宁致力于物理学的多个领域，尤其专注于统计力学和对称原理。devote oneself to...为固定搭配，表示“致力于……”，主语为Yang，对应的反身代词为himself。故填himself。 9．考查介词。句意：在漫长的职业生涯中，杨振宁致力于物理学的多个领域，尤其专注于统计力学和对称原理。focus on...为固定搭配，表示“专注于……”，所以此处用介词on。故填on。 10．考查名词。句意：不仅是诺贝尔奖表彰了他；1957年，他获得了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦纪念奖，一年后，又获得了普林斯顿大学的荣誉博士学位——这是对他毕生致力于科学事业的明确认可。空格处前有不定冠词a和形容词clear修饰，需用名词形式，recognize的名词为recognition。故填recognition。 ✾高二英语寒假作业第 2 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $