2025-2026学年北师大版高二上学期英语寒假作业第16天(共17天)

Winter Vacation Homework（十六） 一、语法小练---单句填空[旨在复习主谓一致] 1．The number of students who choose science majors (increase) steadily now. 2．In the conference room (be) the manager or his assistants, ready to answer questions. 3．Playing basketball (help) me make more friends and keep healthy. 4．A number of students     (be) going for a picnic this weekend. 5．The writer, along with all the editors, (work) from home on Fridays according to the new policy. 6．I think five million dollars (be) enough to make a good film. 7．Many a college student (send) to the poor area to help the children there last month. 8．So far, neither the actors nor the director (know) the outcome of the selection. 9．All the students but one (pass) the exam already. 10．Large quantities of money (need) to treat his father’s disease. 11．Every boy and every girl (be) pleased when they saw Shenzhou VI was sent up to the space. 12．Three fifths of the land in this area (be) covered with forests and grasslands to protect the environment. 13．To communicate with foreign tourists fluently (require) a lot of daily practice of oral English. 14．Not only the students but also their teacher (prepare) for the coming exam these days. 15．The teacher, along with his students, (be) going to the museum tomorrow. 二、综合提升---阅读理解[旨在提升学生语篇理解能力] For years, as an art influencer, I lived online, documenting all aspects of my life and desiring more followers on Instagram. A constant panic over lost connections the emptiness of endless scrolling, and a nearly missed car accident left me feeling drained. Overwhelmed, I deactivated my account and bought an old Nokia. Then, everything changed. Only after giving up my smartphone did I realize how distracted and anxious I had become. Withdrawal was difficult, but as months passed, subtle changes accumulated. When the Internet wasn’t immediately accessible, the urge to use it faded away, and parts of me that had been buried under years of digital noise surfaced. Without endless scrolling, hours have returned to me. I can use the otherwise screen time to be healthy or productive, but I can also use it to appreciate the lost art of idleness. I spend a good part of the day just leafing through magazines, drinking cups of tea, poking clumsily at the piano. I don’t believe it is possible to waste time when I am fully present. Staying in touch has proved easier than expected. My dumbphone still allows calls and texts, and most online — messaging tools are available on my computer. It turns out that the only people I really need to contact on the go are those I am working with. What time will you be there? or I’m running late — that’s urgent information. Some interactions, such as group chats, messages to friends and family abroad might feel urgent, but once I step away from them, I realize that the sense of urgency is a product of software engineering, my own anxiety, or a combination. It has been years since I downgraded. I now carry a film camera instead of a smartphone, and the deliberate act of taking photos brings me genuine joy. When people ask whether I miss my smartphone, I think back to the height of my addiction. I was constantly online, yet rarely present. How could I miss that time? I was hardly even there. 1．What led the author to deactivate his Instagram account? A．A loss of connections. B．A sense of personal burnout. C．A near miss of an accident. D．A decline of online followers. 2．Which best describes the author’s life in paragraph 2? A．Absorbed in new hobbies. B．Stuck in digital withdrawal. C．Focused on quality moments. D．Built on health and productivity. 3．What does the author realize after shifting to the dumbphone? A．He has to rely on computers. B．Real-time contact is much needed. C．Close relationships are hard to maintain. D．The sense of urgency is overemphasized. 4．What does the author’s experience show? A．Stopping scrolling, restoring health. B．Quitting Instagram, embracing possibility. C．Downgrading devices, upgrading presence. D．Dropping smartphone, recognizing urgency. 三、综合提升---阅读七选五[旨在提升学生语篇理解能力] Have you ever wished there were a magic method to make learning easier and more efficient? 1 Named after a Nobel winner in physics known for simplifying complex ideas, this method can help you unlock your potential and gain a deep understanding of various topics. Step 1: Start by getting a blank sheet of paper. Write down everything you already know about a topic. This serves as your initial knowledge base. As you dive deeper into the topic, continue to add new information and insights to your sheet. Be patient during this process. 2 Step 2: Explain your topic in a way that a 12-year-old child could understand. 3 Begin by simplifying your notes. It’s easy to complicate a subject. However, the true challenge, and the true demonstration of understanding, is in simplification. Only someone who truly comprehends a subject can break it down into its simplest terms, making it accessible to people of all ages. Step 3: Write down your explanations. It is a powerful tool in the learning process. This activity facilitates reflection, through which we identify areas where further learning is needed. The learning process is iterative (迭代的). Never hesitate to go back to the source materials, especially the parts you don’t fully grasp yet. 4 Repeat this process until your explanations are simple and clear. Step 4: Save the page where you have documented simplified explanations. This is an important step, as this document will serve as a valuable reference in the future. By applying this technique to all new concepts you learn, you will gradually build up a comprehensive folder (文件夹) of knowledge. 5 This way, not only will you be strengthening what you have learned, but you will also have the chance to improve your understanding over time. A．This is an effective test of your understanding. B．Look no further than the Feynman Technique. C．Learning is not a race, but a journey of discovery. D．Make it a habit to review this folder a few times a year. E．This folder contains other people’s complicated explanations. F．Review these parts, reflect on them, and improve your understanding. G．The Feynman technique breaks the learning process into four broad steps. 四、佳句必背[旨在积累写作素材] 1. It is important for everyone to learn to respect others. 学会尊重他人对每个人来说都很重要。 2. It is generally believed that education is the key to success. 人们普遍认为，教育是成功的关键。 Winter Vacation Homework（十六）参考答案 一、单句填空答案 1．is increasing 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：选择理科专业的学生数量如今正在稳步增长。句中时间状语now表示当前正在进行的动作，需用现在进行时，主语the number of students表示“学生的数量”，为单数概念，对应的be动词需用is，所以谓语动词为is increasing。故填is increasing。 2．is 【详解】考查时态，倒装和主谓一致。句意：在会议室里，经理或者他的助手们正坐在那里准备回答问题。地点状语In the conference room位于句首，引起句子全部倒装，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，or连接并列主语时谓语根据就近原则确定，即根据the manager确定，the manager是单数，因此空格处用is，故填is。 3．helps 【详解】考查动名词。句意：打篮球帮助我交到更多朋友，还能保持身体健康。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。故填helps。 4．are 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：许多学生这周末要去野餐。分析句子可知，主语a number of students为复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式；根据时间状语this weekend可知，句子表示的是将要发生的动作，谓语动词用现在进行时表将来，其结构为“be 动词+现在分词”。故填are。 5．works 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：按照新政策，作者和所有编辑在星期五都在家工作。根据“on Fridays”可知，这是一个习惯性、规律性的动作，故用一般现在时，主语部分有along with连接，遵循就远原则，谓语与the writer保持一致，是第三人称单数。故填works。 6．is 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我认为五百万美元足够拍一部好电影了。句中主语five million dollars是表示金额的复数名词短语，但在英语中，当金钱、时间、距离等复数名词短语作主语时，通常被视为一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式句子表达的是说话人的主观看法，属于客观陈述，用一般现在时，因此be动词用 is。故填is。 7．was sent 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：上个月，很多大学生被送到贫困地区去帮助那里的孩子。此处在句中作谓语动词，主语为Many a college student，与send之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语last month可知，此处应用一般过去时，“many a+单数名词”作主语，谓语动词应用单数，故填was sent。 8．has known 【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，演员们和导演都还不知道选拔的结果。根据时间状语“So far(到目前为止)”可知，此处应用现在完成时“have/has done”；neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，本句中靠近谓语的主语是the director，为单数，所以助动词用has，know的过去分词为known。故填has known。 9．have passed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：除了一个学生之外，所有学生都已经通过了考试。当主语后接but短语时，谓语动词的单复数由but前的主语决定，本句中but前的主语All the students为复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式；句中already是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+过去分词”，结合主语的复数形式，助动词使用have。故填have passed。 10．are needed 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：治疗他父亲的疾病需要大量资金。根据语境可知，句子描述的是客观实际情况，应用一般现在时；“money”和“need”之间是被动关系，即“资金被需要”，应用被动语态；且当主语为“large quantities of+名词”时，无论后面的名词是可数还是不可数，谓语动词都要用复数形式。故填are needed。 11．was 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：当看到神舟六号被送入太空时，每个男孩和女孩都感到很开心。“every+单数名词+and+every+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。根据从句谓语saw可知，本句描述过去发生的事情， 主句也是一般过去时，be动词用was。故填was。 12．is 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这个地区五分之三的土地被森林和草原覆盖，以保护环境。空处和covered构成谓语，主语为Three fifths of the land in this area，the land“土地”不可数，当“分数/百分数+of+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，且句子应该是描述目前的现状，时态用一般现在时。故填is。 13．requires 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：要与外国游客流利交流，需要大量的英语口语日常练习。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词不定式短语To communicate with foreign tourists fluently作主语，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，此空应是requires。故填requires。 14．is preparing 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：这些天不仅是学生们，他们的老师也在为即将到来的考试做准备。根据时间状语“these days”可知，动作是近期一直在进行的，需用现在进行时“am/is/are doing”。当“not only... but also...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”，即与离它最近的主语“their teacher”保持一致。“their teacher”为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式“is”；prepare的现在分词为preparing。故填is preparing。 15．is 【详解】考查主谓一致，时态和主谓一致。句意：老师和他的学生们明天要去博物馆。句子描述现在的事实，时态用一般现在时，along with连接两个并列主语时，谓语由前面的主语来确定，即根据The teacher来确定，The teacher是单数，因此空格处用单数is，故填is。 二、阅读理解答案 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者曾因沉迷Instagram而焦虑疲惫，于是停用账号，使用老式手机。他发现摆脱数字干扰后，生活更有条理，能享受闲暇时光，并重新发现生活的乐趣。作者感悟到，减少屏幕使用、提升专注度是改善生活质量的关键。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A constant panic over lost connections, the emptiness of endless scrolling, and a nearly missed car accident left me feeling drained. Overwhelmed, I deactivated my account and bought an old Nokia.(对失去联系的持续恐慌、无休止的滚动带来的空虚感，以及险些遭遇的车祸，都让我感到筋疲力尽。不堪重负，我停用了我的账户，买了一部老诺基亚手机。)”可知，作者因为感到个人疲惫不堪，包括对失去联系的恐慌、无休止刷屏的空虚感以及差点发生车祸的经历，所以决定停用Instagram账号。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Without endless scrolling, hours have returned to me. I can use the otherwise screen time to be healthy or productive, but I can also use it to appreciate the lost art of idleness. I spend a good part of the day just leafing through magazines, drinking cups of tea, poking clumsily at the piano.(没有了无休止的滚动，时间又回到了我身边。我可以利用原本用于刷屏的时间来保持健康或提高效率，但我也可以用它来欣赏已经失传的闲暇艺术。我一天中的大部分时间都花在翻阅杂志、喝茶、笨拙地弹钢琴上。)”可知，作者现在的生活更注重质量时刻，比如翻阅杂志、喝茶、弹钢琴等，享受闲暇时光，而不是被数字设备所占据。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Some interactions, such as group chats, messages to friends and family abroad might feel urgent, but once I step away from them, I realize that the sense of urgency is a product of software engineering, my own anxiety, or a combination.(一些互动，比如群聊、给国外朋友和家人的信息，可能会让人觉得很紧急，但一旦我远离它们，我就会意识到这种紧迫感是软件工程、我自己的焦虑，或者两者的结合所造成的。)”可知，作者在换用非智能手机后意识到，许多原本感觉紧急的互动其实是被过度强调了紧迫感，这种紧迫感可能源于软件设计或个人焦虑。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I now carry a film camera instead of a smartphone, and the deliberate act of taking photos brings me genuine joy. When people ask whether I miss my smartphone, I think back to the height of my addiction. I was constantly online, yet rarely present. How could I miss that time? I was hardly even there.(我现在带的是胶片相机而不是智能手机，刻意拍照的行为给我带来了真正的快乐。当人们问我是否想念我的智能手机时，我会回想起我上瘾最严重的时候。我一直在网上，但很少出现在现场。我怎么会想念那段时光呢？我几乎都不在那里。)”可知，作者通过降低设备等级(从智能手机到非智能手机、胶片相机)，提升了在现实生活中的存在感和体验质量，享受到了真正的快乐。因此，作者的经历表明降低设备等级可以提升现实生活的体验。故选C项。 三、阅读七选五答案 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了费曼技巧的四个步骤，通过简化复杂概念、自我解释、记录反思和定期复习，帮助学习者更高效地掌握知识。 1．根据上文“Have you ever wished there were a magic method to make learning easier and more efficient? (你是否曾希望有一种神奇的方法能让学习变得更轻松高效？)”和下文“Named after a Nobel winner in physics known for simplifying complex ideas, this method can help you unlock your potential and gain a deep understanding of various topics. (以诺贝尔物理学奖得主的名字命名，以简化复杂的思想而闻名，这种方法可以帮助你释放你的潜力，并深入了解各种主题。)”可知，上文提出了一个问题，即是否曾希望有一种神奇的方法能让学习变得更轻松高效，下文介绍了让学习变得更轻松高效的费曼技巧，这是一种有效的方法。因此，空处应该引出费曼技巧。B选项“Look no further than the Feynman Technique. (不妨看看费曼技巧)”直接引出了费曼技巧，能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“Step 1: Start by getting a blank sheet of paper. Write down everything you already know about a topic. This serves as your initial knowledge base. As you dive deeper into the topic, continue to add new information and insights to your sheet. Be patient during this process. (第一步：先找一张白纸。写下你已经知道的关于一个话题的一切。这将作为您的初始知识库。随着你对主题的深入了解，继续向你的表格中添加新的信息和见解。在这个过程中要有耐心。)”可知，上文提到开始学习一个主题时，要耐心地写下已知信息和新学到的信息。因此，空处应该强调在这个过程中的耐心态度。C选项“Learning is not a race, but a journey of discovery. (学习不是比赛，而是一场探索之旅)”强调了学习是一个需要耐心的过程，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 3．根据上文“Step 2: Explain your topic in a way that a 12-year-old child could understand. (第二步：用一个12岁的孩子都能理解的方式来解释你的主题。)”和下文“Begin by simplifying your notes. It’s easy to complicate a subject. However, the true challenge, and the true demonstration of understanding, is in simplification. Only someone who truly comprehends a subject can break it down into its simplest terms, making it accessible to people of all ages. (从简化你的笔记开始。把一个问题复杂化是很容易的。然而，真正的挑战和理解的真正体现是简化。只有真正理解一门学科的人才能把它分解成最简单的术语，让所有年龄段的人都能理解。)”可知，上文提到了第二步是像向12岁孩子解释一样简化主题。下文接着说简化笔记，说明解释过程的挑战性。因此，空处应该说明解释过程对于检验理解的重要性。A选项“This is an effective test of your understanding. (这是对你理解的有效测试)”强调了解释对于检验理解的重要性，能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“Step 3: Write down your explanations. It is a powerful tool in the learning process. This activity facilitates reflection, through which we identify areas where further learning is needed. The learning process is iterative (迭代的). Never hesitate to go back to the source materials, especially the parts you don’t fully grasp yet. (第三步：写下你的解释。它是学习过程中一个强大的工具。这项活动有助于反思，通过反思，我们可以确定需要进一步学习的领域。学习过程是迭代的。毫不犹豫地回到原始材料，特别是你还没有完全掌握的部分。)”和下文“Repeat this process until your explanations are simple and clear. (重复这个过程，直到你的解释简单明了。)”可知，上文提到如果在某些部分理解不够充分，不要犹豫回到原始材料中去。下文要求重复这个过程直到解释变得简单明了。因此，空处应该是建议回顾并改进理解。F选项“Review these parts, reflect on them, and improve your understanding. (回顾这些部分，反思它们，并提高你的理解)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“Step 4: Save the page where you have documented simplified explanations. This is an important step, as this document will serve as a valuable reference in the future. By applying this technique to all new concepts you learn, you will gradually build up a comprehensive folder (文件夹) of knowledge. (步骤4：保存已记录简化解释的页面。这是重要的一步，因为这份文件将在今后提供有价值的参考。通过将这种方法应用到你学习的所有新概念中，你将逐渐建立一个全面的知识文件夹。)”和下文“This way, not only will you be strengthening what you have learned, but you will also have the chance to improve your understanding over time. (这样，你不仅可以巩固你所学的知识，而且随着时间的推移，你也有机会提高你的理解能力。)”可知，上文提到保存记录简化解释的页面作为未来的参考。下文则强调了定期复习这些资料的重要性。因此，空处应该是建议养成定期复习的习惯。D选项“Make it a habit to review this folder a few times a year. (养成每年复习几次这个文件夹的习惯)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 ✾高二英语寒假作业第 1 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $