Unit 5 Animal friends 情态动词can,could,may和形容词作定语和表语（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材译林版七年级下册

Unit 5 Animal friends 核心语法精练（情态动词can,could,may和形容词作定语和表语） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 10 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一 语法填空 12 题型二 阅读理解 15 一.情态动词 can，could， may的用法 情态动词是表示说话人的语气或情态，本身有词义但不能单独作谓语的词。 情态动词在句中必须后跟动词原形，并与后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。 1. 情态动词can的用法： （1）表示能力，意为“能，会”。 Millie can play the piano.米莉会弹钢琴。 （2）表示许可，意为“可以”。 You can use my pen. 你可以用我的钢笔。 Can you pass me the books？你能给我递一下那些书吗？ 2. 情态动词could的用法： could是can的过去式， 表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”。 Could you speak English at the age of five？ 你5岁的时候会说英语吗？ 在某些场合，could可用来代替 can，表示现在的情况。在现代英语中，could比can语气更委婉。若用could表示委婉请求，回答时，应该用 can，而不用 could。 -Could you answer me a question？你能回答我一个问题吗？ -Yes， I can. /Sorry， I can＇t. 是的，我能。/抱歉，我不能。 3.情态动词may的用法：表示许可，意为“可以”。 May I come in？我可以进来吗？ You may take everything you like.你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 must“必须”；need“需要”；may“可以”，常表示许可。 二.形容词讲解 定义:形容词(adjective),简称adj,用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词 形容词的用法 1）作定语 Li Mei is a beautiful girl. The new student comes from Japan. 2）作表语 My father's car is very expensive The English story is very interesting 一、单项选择 1．— The radio says it is a ________ day today. — Yes. It’s ________ heavily now. A．rain; raining B．rainy; raining C．rainy; rainy D．rain; rainy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——收音机上说今天是一个雨天。——是的，看！现在雨下大了。 考查形容词及动词现在分词。rain下雨，动词；rainy下雨的，有雨的，形容词；raining是现在分词形式。第一个空后day是名词，这里应填形容词作定语，故用rainy；第二个空表示正在发生的事情，用现在进行时，空前是It is的缩写，这里应用现在分词。故选B。 2．What exciting news! We will have a ________ holiday after the exam. A．two-month B．two months C．two-months D．two month 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息啊！考试过后，我们将要有两个月的假期。 考查复合形容词。two-month两个月的，是复合形容词，放在名词前作定语；two months两个月。原句指的是“两个月的假期”，因此用复合形容词two-month作定语，修饰名词holiday。故选A。 3．—The young lady goes to the Dancing Club every day. —________ lifestyle is good for her ________. A．Healthy; health B．Health; healthy C．Health; health D．Healthy; healthy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这位年轻的女士每天都去舞蹈俱乐部。——健康的生活方式对她的健康有益。 考查形容词和名词。healthy健康的；health健康。根据“...lifestyle is good for her...”可知，第一处填形容词，修饰lifestyle；第二处填名词，her health“她的健康”，故选A。 4．When his wife died, he lived ________, but his lovely pet dog made him feel less ________. A．alone; alone B．alone; lonely C．lonely; alone D．lonely; lonely 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当他妻子去世的时候，他独自生活，但是他的可爱的宠物狗使他并没有感到那么孤独。 考查形容词和副词的用法。alone单独地，副词，侧重说明独自一人，只表示客观的状态；lonely孤独的，形容词，侧重人主观上感到孤独，寂寞。根据语境可知，第一空侧重“独自一人居住”，需用副词alone修饰动词lived；第二空侧重于“情感上的孤独”，系动词feel后跟形容词lonely作表语。故选B。 5．Alice’s body became smaller and smaller. Soon she was ________ to go through the door, so she decided to enter the garden. A．too small B．too big C．small enough D．enough small 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爱丽丝的身体变得越来越小。很快她就小到足以穿过门了，于是她决定进入花园。 考查形容词辨析和enough的用法。too small太小的；too big太大的；small enough足够小的；enough small表达错误，enough修饰形容词时需后置，不能放在形容词前。根据“go through the door”可知，此处是指身体变得足够小到能穿过门，应用“adj. enough to do sth.”结构，表示“足够……去做某事”。故选C。 6．—The snacks smells _________. You need to throw them away because ants can smell things _________. —OK, I will do it right now. A．bad; well B．bad; good C．badly; well D．badly; good 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——零食闻起来很臭。你需要把它们扔掉，因为蚂蚁的嗅觉很好。——好的，我现在就做。 考查形容词和副词用法。bad坏的，形容词；well好地，副词；good好的，形容词；badly坏地，非常，副词。感官动词“smells”后跟形容词作表语，可排除C、D选项；“smell things”中的smell为实义动词，意为“闻，嗅”，因此应用副词来修饰，可排除B选项。故选A。 7．—You’ll have to be ________. The plane leaves in about two hours. —Ok, I’ll do everything ________. A．quick; quick B．quick; quickly C．quickly; quick D．quickly; quickly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你必须要快点。飞机将在大约两小时后起飞。——好的。我会快速地做每件事。 考查形容词和副词的用法。根据be可知，第一空应用形容词，排除选项CD；根据“I’ll do everything”可知，第二空修饰动词短语，应用副词quickly。故选B。 8．—Do you know the saying “When I walk along with two others, they ________ become my teachers.”? —Yes. It tells us it’s important to learn from the people around us. A．should B．must C．can D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道“三人行，必有我师焉”这句谚语吗？——知道。它告诉我们向身边的人学习很重要。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；must必须；can可以；need需要。can意为“能够，可以”，在此表示“（他们）可以成为我的老师”，符合谚语含义。故选C。 9．—Could you speak English, please? I can’t follow you. —Er, I ________ speak English well, but let me try. A．can B．could C．can’t D．couldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——请问你能说英语吗？我没听懂你的话。——呃，我英语说得不好，但让我试试。     考查情态动词辨析。can/could能；can’t不能；couldn’t不能，过去式。根据“but let me try”可知，此处表示不能把英语说好，但可以试试。句子时态是一般现在时，can’t符合语境。故选C。 10．—Could I take the picture book home, Mrs Rice? —No, you ________. You ________ only read it here. A．couldn’t; can B．couldn’t; may C．can’t; can D．mustn’t; could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以把这本图画书带回家吗，Rice太太？——不，你不能。你只能在这里读。 考查情态动词辨析。couldn’t不能，过去式；can’t不能，原形；mustn’t禁止；can能，原形；may可以，原形；could能，过去式。根据“Could I take the picture book home, Mrs Rice?”可知，此句中could表示委婉语气，不是过去式，所以否定回答用can’t；第二空表示“只能在这里读”，用can表示“能，可以”。故选C。 11．—________ I park my car here? —I am afraid you ________. Look at the sign “No parking!” A．Need; couldn’t B．Could; can’t C．Must; can’t D．Can; needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以把车停在这里吗？——恐怕不能。看“禁止停车”的标志！ 考查情态动词辨析。Need需要；couldn’t不能；Could可以；can’t不能；Must必须；Can可以；needn’t不必。根据“I park my car here”可知，此处是征求意见，可用can/could，排除A/C，其否定回答用can’t表示“不能”。故选B。 12．—________ I touch your rabbit? —I’m afraid you ________. Sometimes it’s not friendly. A．Can; can B．May; may C．Can; may not D．May; can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我可以摸摸你的兔子吗？——恐怕不行。有时候它不太友好。 考查情态动词辨析。can能；may可以，表示正式请求许可；can’t不能；may not可能不。根据“...I touch your rabbit?”可知用may更合适、更礼貌；回答“不行”应使用can’t表示禁止或拒绝。故选D。 13．—_________ I feed the bird, Mum? —Sorry. I’m afraid you _________. The sign over there says, “Please do not feed the birds.” A．Need; couldn’t B．May; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Can; needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以喂鸟吗？——对不起。恐怕你不能。那边的牌子上写着：“请不要喂鸟。” 考查情态动词。Need需要；May可以；Could能，是can的过去式，也可以表示委婉语气；Can能，可以；couldn’t不能，是can’t的过去式；can’t不能；needn’t不必。根据“The sign over there says, ‘Please do not feed the birds.’”可知，第一空表示请求允许，用May或Could；第二个空表示不可以喂鸟，因此第二空用can’t。故选B。 14．—You are so good at roller skating now! —Thanks. But I ________ even stand up on my skates when I first tried it. A．could B．couldn’t C．can’t D．may 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你现在轮滑这么好。——谢谢。但是当我第一次尝试的时候，甚至连站起来都不会。 考查情态动词。could能，会，can的过去式；couldn’t不能，不会；can’t不能，不会；may可能。根据后文“when I first tried it.”可知，时态为一般过去时，此处应该使用can的过去式could，又由“But”可知，前后构成转折关系，所以此处应该表达但是当我第一次尝试的时候，甚至连站起来都不会，填入couldn’t。故选B。 15．—Can you jump high, Dad? —No, I can’t. But when I was your age, I ________ jump very high. A．could B．can C．couldn’t D．can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——爸爸，你能跳得很高吗？——不，我不能。但当我像你这么大的时候，我能跳得很高。 考查情态动词。could能够；can可以；couldn’t不能；can’t不能。But表示转折，说明可以跳得很高，根据“was”可知，本句是一般过去时，故选A。 16．Sophie ______ read both English and French when she was only five years old. A．can B．could C．may D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Sophie五岁时就能阅读英语和法语。 考查情态动词用法。can能，表示现在具备的能力；could能，表婉转或过去具备的能力；may可能；need需要。根据“read both English and French when she was only five years old.”可知，空处强调过去具备阅读英语和法语的能力，需can的过去式could。故选B。 17．—Could I feed the monkeys in the zoo, Mum? —No, you ________. It’s not good for them. A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以在动物园里喂猴子吗？——不，你不可以。这样对它们不好。 考查动词辨析。couldn’t不可以；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不可以。“Could I...?”表示委婉地请求允许，其否定回答用“can’t”，表示不允许。故选D。 18．—Mr. Wang, I finished all the class tasks. ________ I read my storybook now? —Yes, you may. Good job! A．Can B．Must C．May D．Could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王先生，我完成了所有的课堂任务。我现在可以读我的故事书吗？——是的，你可以。干得好！ 考查情态动词。Can能；Must必须；May可以；Could能。根据“Yes, you may.”可知，此处表示请求允许，“May I…?”是请求许可的常见句型，强调礼貌和正式性。故选C。 19．—________ I borrow your book?      —Sorry, I ________ it at school. A．May, lost B．Should, left C．May, left D．Could, lost 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以借你的书吗？——抱歉，我把它落在学校了。 考查情态动词及动词辨析。May可以；Should应该；Could可以；lost丢失；left遗忘。May表示请求许可，此处用于礼貌请求借东西；空格2表示东西落在学校忘拿了，而非丢失。故选C。 20．—Mum, could I go out with my friends? —Of course you ________. Remember to come back before 10 p.m. A．can B．must C．will D．could 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以和朋友们出去吗？——当然可以。记得晚上10点前回来。 考查情态动词辨析。can可以（表示许可，用于一般现在时）；must必须；will将要；could可以（can的过去式，用于一般过去时，也可表示委婉语气）。 问句中“could”是委婉请求许可，答句用“can”回应许可，符合语境，故选A。 二、完成句子 21．去年我不会骑自行车，但现在我会了。 Last year, I a bike, but now I . 【答案】 couldn’t ride can 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“不会骑自行车”和“会”的英文表达。cannot ride a bike意为“不会骑自行车”，根据“Last year”可知，时态为“一般过去时”，动词用过去式，can的过去式为could，所以前半句为couldn’t ride a bike；can意为“会”，根据“now”可知，情态动词用原形，所以后半句填can。故填couldn’t；ride；can。 22．历史老师希望我们可以经常参观博物馆。 Our teacher we often visit museums. 【答案】 history hopes can 【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查单词history“历史”，hope“希望”和can“可以”。history为名词，此处作定语；根据语境可知时态为一般现在时，而主语our history teacher为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应用其第三人称单数形式；can为情态动词，没有人称的变化，故填history；hopes；can。 23．Nancy was able to play the piano when she was five years old. ( 改为同义句 ) Nancy the piano at the age of five. 【答案】 could play 【详解】句意：南希五岁时就能弹钢琴了。be able to意为“能够”，与can意思一样。又因时态为一般过去时，故填could，且情态动词后跟动词原形。故填could；play。 24．她害怕蛇，因为蛇可能会咬她。 She snakes because they her. 【答案】 is afraid of may bite 【详解】害怕be afraid of，主语是she，be动词用is；可能may，情态动词后加动词原形；咬bite。故填is；afraid；of；may；bite。 25．它们不能像其他鸟一样飞，但它们能游得很快。 They fly like other birds, but they swim fast. 【答案】 can’t can 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“不能”和“能”，can’t“不能”，can“能”，是情态动词，故填can’t；can。 26．你的宠物狗会做什么? your pet dog ? 【答案】 What can do 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“什么”“会”和“做”。这是一个特殊疑问句，疑问词用What（表示 “什么”），置于句首；“会”用情态动词can，后接动词原形；“做”用动词原形do。特殊疑问句的结构为“疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形”，故填What；can；do。 27．我可以帮你做你的家庭作业吗？ I your homework? 【答案】 May help you with 【详解】对比中英文可知，此处缺的是“可以”和“帮助某人做某事”，第一空位于句首表示征求对方许可用情态动词may，大写首字母；第二空“帮助某人某事”help sb with sth.；空格在情态动词后，填动词原形。故填May；help you with。 28．我们有足够的钱来买这些书。 We have money these books. 【答案】 enough to buy 【详解】根据中英文对照，enough表示“足够的”；buy“买”，动词，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，故填enough；to buy。 29．她是个很善良的女孩。她从不惹麻烦。 She is a girl. She never . 【答案】 kind makes trouble 【详解】kind“善良的”，形容词作定语；make trouble“惹麻烦”，此句是一般现在时，主语she是单数形式，动词用三单，故填kind；makes trouble。 30．这个男孩太小了，还不能照顾自己。 The boy is too to himself. 【答案】 young look after 【详解】“太小”too young；“too...to”太……而不能，后面接动词原形；“照顾”look after。故填young；look；after。 题型一 语法填空 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 My name is Bob, a student in a middle school. I love animals very much. I often 1 (went) to the zoo to see animals when I 2 (be) free. I have 3 (second) pets at home, a dog and a cat. The dog is black and the cat is white. They both look 4 (interest). My dog’s name is Heihei. He is very smart. He can dance and 5 (walking) on two legs. He likes running around me. I take 6 (he) for a walk in the park every evening. Baibai is the name of my cat. She is kind 7 lazy. She often sleeps in the daytime, 8 she is very fat. She likes playing with balls. When I come back home from school, Heihei and Baibai always run 9 (happy) to me. I give 10 (they) something to eat and then play with them. It’s very interesting to keep Heihei and Baibai. They bring me much fun. I like them very much. 【答案】 1．go 2．am 3．two 4．interesting 5．walk 6．him 7．of 8．so 9．happily 10．them 【导语】本文是Bob的自我介绍，他分享了自己对动物的喜爱，详细介绍了家中的两只宠物——狗“黑黑”和猫“白白”的外形、性格特点，以及自己与它们的日常互动，体现了Bob和宠物之间的亲密关系及宠物带来的快乐。 1．句意：当我有空的时候，我经常去动物园看动物。根据“I often...to the zoo to see animals when I...free.”可知，句中“often”表明句子时态是一般现在时态，主语“I”是第一人称，谓语动词用原形，“went”的原形是“go”。故填go。 2．句意：当我有空的时候，我经常去动物园看动物。根据“I often...to the zoo to see animals when I...free.”可知，句中“often”表明句子时态是一般现在时态，主语“I”搭配的“be”动词是“am”。故填am。 3．句意：我家里有两只宠物，一只狗和一只猫。根据“I have...pets at home, a dog and a cat”可知，此处表示“两只”宠物，是指数量，应该使用基数词，“second”是序数词，其基数词形式是“two”。故填two。 4．句意：它们俩看起来都很有趣。根据“They both look...”可知，此处表示看起来是“有趣的”，是形容词作表语，“interest”的形容词形式是“interesting”和“interested”，描述事物“有趣”使用“interesting”，描述人“感兴趣”使用“interested”，此处指宠物有趣，因此使用“interesting”。故填interesting。 5．句意：它会跳舞，还会用两条腿走路。根据“He can dance and...on two legs.”可知，句中“can”后接动词原形，“walking”的原形是“walk”。故填walk。 6．句意：我每天晚上带它去公园散步。根据“I take...for a walk in the park every evening.”可知，句中“take” 是动词，后接人称代词作宾语，应该使用宾格形式，“he”的宾格是“him”。故填him。 7．句意：它有点懒。根据“She is kind...lazy”可知，此处表示猫“有点”懒，“kind of”是固定短语，意为“有点”，后接形容词。故填of。 8．句意：它经常在白天睡觉，所以它很胖。根据“She often sleeps in the daytime...she is very fat”可知，猫“白天睡觉”是“变胖”的原因，此处需用表示结果的连词“so”。故填so。 9．句意：当我放学回家时，黑黑和白白总是高兴地跑向我。根据“When I come back home from school, Heihei and Baibai always run...to me.”可知，此处表示“高兴地”跑，需用副词修饰动词“run”，“happy”的副词形式是“happily”。故填happily。 10．句意：我给它们一些吃的，然后和它们一起玩。根据“ I give...something to eat and then play with them.”可知，句中“give”是动词，后接人称代词作宾语，应该使用宾格形式，“they”的宾格形式是“them”。故填them。 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Now the students are in front of the South Gate of Sunshine Zoo. They 1 (follow) a tour guide in the zoo for the next three hours. Go straight from the South Gate, and the 2 (one) they see is the Panda House. Pandas eat bamboo and enjoy 3 (lie) down all day long. What’s interesting is that their eyes are different from 4 (we). Pandas are cute. Every year, lots of 5 (visit) come here to see them. To the north of the Panda House, they find the lions. Lions are the kings of the animal world 6 they are dangerous. Remember 7 (not go) near them. Turn left into the World of Birds. Birds make beautiful sounds when they sing. Then they come to the Monkeys’ Forest. A baby monkey is jumping around and makes them 8 (laugh). To the east of it, they see the giraffes. The giraffes’ long necks help them eat the leaves from the trees. Go 9 the bridge, and they see the elephants. Elephants’ large ears are like open fans. Here you can see all kinds 10 animals. Have a nice trip! 【答案】 1．will follow/are going to follow 2．first 3．lying 4．ours 5．visitors 6．and 7．not to go 8．laugh 9．across 10．of 【导语】本文主要介绍了学生们在阳光动物园的游览路线和看到的动物，包括熊猫、狮子、鸟类、猴子、长颈鹿和大象等。 1．句意：他们将在接下来的三个小时里跟随导游游览动物园。根据“for the next three hours”可知，应用一般将来时，其结构是“will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”，主语They表示复数，所以应用be动词are。故填will follow/are going to follow。 2．句意：从南门直走，他们首先看到的是熊猫馆。根据空前的“the”可知，空处应填one的序数词形式first。故填first。 3．句意：熊猫吃竹子，喜欢整天躺着。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定用法，空处应填lie的动名词形式lying。故填lying。 4．句意：有趣的是他们的眼睛和我们的不一样。根据提示词和“What’s interesting is that their eyes are different from...”可知，此处指“熊猫的眼睛和我们的眼睛不一样”，空后没有名词eyes，所以空处应填名词性物主代词ours，用于替代our eyes。故填ours。 5．句意：每年，许多游客来这里看它们。lots of后接可数名词的复数形式，visit的名词形式是visitor，空处应填visitor的复数形式visitors。故填visitors。 6．句意：狮子是动物世界的国王，它们很危险。根据“Lions are the kings of the animal world...they are dangerous.”可知，空格前后是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 7．句意：记住不要靠近它们。remember not to do sth.“记住不要做某事”，所以空处应填not to go。故填not to go。 8．句意：一只小猴子跳来跳去，逗他们笑。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，固定用法，空处应填动词laugh的原形。故填laugh。 9．句意：走过这座桥，他们看到了大象。根据“Go...the bridge, and they see the elephants.”可知，此处指“走过桥”，go across“穿过”符合语境。故填across。 10．句意：在这里你可以看到各种各样的动物。all kinds of“各种各样的”，固定词组。故填of。 题型二 阅读理解 Last Sunday, I had a wonderful day at the zoo with my family. We arrived at the zoo at 6:00 a.m. The weather was perfect—sunny but not too hot. First, we visited the monkey house. The monkeys were very funny. They jumped from tree to tree and made strange sounds. My little brother, Tom, laughed a lot when he saw the monkeys playing with each other. Then we went to see the elephants. They were so big! One elephant was using its trunk to spray water. Another elephant was eating hay. The zookeeper told us that elephants can eat up to 300 pounds of food every day! After that, we watched the penguin show. The penguins swam very fast in the water. They looked like they were flying underwater. A zookeeper fed them fish and told us interesting facts about penguins. Did you know the penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere (半球)? At noon, we had lunch at the zoo restaurant. I had a hamburger and French fries. My parents had salads, and Tom had chicken nuggets. The food was delicious. In the afternoon, we visited the reptile house where we saw snakes, lizards (蜥蜴), and turtles. I don’t like snakes very much, but the colorful lizards were beautiful. Before we left, we bought some souvenirs from the gift shop. I got a stuffed penguin toy to remember our wonderful day at the zoo. 1．What did Tom do when he saw the monkeys? A．He cried. B．He laughed. C．He was scared. D．He fed them. 2．What did the writer learn about elephants? A．They can swim very fast. B．They can spray water with their mouths. C．They can eat up to 300 pounds of food daily. D．They live only in the Southern Hemisphere. 3．Which kind of animals live in the reptile house? A．Animals that can fly. B．Animals that can climb or crawl. C．Animals that live in water. D．Animals that dig tunnels (钻洞). 4．Which of the following shows the right order (顺序) of their visit at the zoo? A．Elephants→Monkey House→Penguin Show→Reptile House→Gift Shop B．Monkey House→Elephants→Penguin Show→Reptile House→Gift Shop C．Penguin Show→Monkey House→Reptile House→Elephants→Gift Shop D．Monkey House→Reptile House→Penguin Show→Elephants→Gift Shop 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家上周日在动物园的愉快经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“My little brother, Tom, laughed a lot when he saw the monkeys playing with each other.”可知，汤姆看到猴子时的反应是大笑。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The zookeeper told us that elephants can eat up to 300 pounds of food every day!”可知，作者了解到大象每天能吃多达300磅的食物。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段“we visited the reptile house where we saw snakes, lizards, and turtles.”可知，作者在爬行动物馆看到了蛇、蜥蜴和乌龟，它们都是可以爬行或蠕动的动物，由此推知，可以爬行或蠕动的动物住在爬行动物馆。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, we visited the monkey house.”，第三段“Then we went to see the elephants.”，第四段“After that, we watched the penguin show.”，第六段“In the afternoon, we visited the reptile house”以及最后一段“Before we left, we bought some souvenirs from the gift shop.”可知，正确顺序为：Monkey House→Elephants→Penguin Show→Reptile House→Gift Shop。故选B。 Butterflies are among the most beautiful insects (昆虫) on our planet. Their colorful wings, flying from one flower to another, bring fun to people of all ages. However, they are in big trouble now. Since 2000, the number of butterflies has dropped by almost a quarter. Collin Edwards, who works at the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, led a study on this worrying situation. Volunteers play an important role in understanding the situation. They love butterflies and help monitor them. Monitoring here means carefully watching and taking notes of their numbers, living places, and behaviors. This helps scientists like Edwards find out what’s going on. Three main things are causing the number of butterflies to reduce. First, their homes are disappearing. As cities grow and forests are cut down, butterflies’ homes are destroyed. Second, pesticides (杀虫剂) are a big problem. Pesticides are used to kill harmful insects, but they also harm butterflies and other helpful insects. Third, climate change is making things worse. The Earth is getting warmer. This changes the places where butterflies can live. Some of the plants they depend on might die because of the warmer climate. ________  A simple way is to plant flowers. They are good for butterflies in our gardens. These flowers not only provide butterflies with food but also offer them a safe place. We can also tell people to use fewer pesticides and protect butterflies’ living places. By doing these things, we can help save the butterflies. 1．Which picture best shows the change in butterfly population since 2000? A．B．C． D． 2．Why do volunteers monitor butterflies? A．To sell butterflies to scientists. B．To train butterflies to live in cities. C．To catch and collect butterflies for research. D．To record their numbers, living places, and behaviors. 3．How does the writer organize the information in Paragraph 3? A．By listing causes and explaining each one. B．By telling a story about beautiful butterflies. C．By describing different events in time order. D．By comparing butterflies with other insects. 4．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 4? A．Planting flowers is the only way to save butterflies. B．Protecting butterflies requires global government action. C．There is something we can do to help protect butterflies. D．Scientists have already solved the butterfly population crisis. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了蝴蝶数量减少的现状、原因以及人们可以采取的保护措施。 1．细节理解题。文中提到“Since 2000, the number of butterflies has dropped by almost a quarter.”，表示蝴蝶数量持续下降，因此最合适的图表应显示蝴蝶数量逐渐减少的趋势。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Monitoring here means carefully watching and taking notes of their numbers, living places, and behaviors.”可知，志愿者的作用是记录蝴蝶的数量、栖息地和行为。故选D。 3．推理判断题。第三段首先提出“Three main things are causing the number of butterflies to reduce”，接着分别解释家园消失、农药影响和气候变化三个原因，属于列举原因并逐一说明。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据下文“A simple way is to plant flowers... We can also tell people to use fewer pesticides and protect butterflies’ living places.”可知，此处应是引出人们可以采取的措施，最佳补充句是“There is something we can do to help protect butterflies.”。故选C。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Animal friends 核心语法精练（情态动词can,could,may和形容词作定语和表语） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、完成句子 10 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一 语法填空 12 题型二 阅读理解 15 一.情态动词 can，could， may的用法 情态动词是表示说话人的语气或情态，本身有词义但不能单独作谓语的词。 情态动词在句中必须后跟动词原形，并与后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。 1. 情态动词can的用法： （1）表示能力，意为“能，会”。 Millie can play the piano.米莉会弹钢琴。 （2）表示许可，意为“可以”。 You can use my pen. 你可以用我的钢笔。 Can you pass me the books？你能给我递一下那些书吗？ 2. 情态动词could的用法： could是can的过去式， 表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”。 Could you speak English at the age of five？ 你5岁的时候会说英语吗？ 在某些场合，could可用来代替 can，表示现在的情况。在现代英语中，could比can语气更委婉。若用could表示委婉请求，回答时，应该用 can，而不用 could。 -Could you answer me a question？你能回答我一个问题吗？ -Yes， I can. /Sorry， I can＇t. 是的，我能。/抱歉，我不能。 3.情态动词may的用法：表示许可，意为“可以”。 May I come in？我可以进来吗？ You may take everything you like.你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 must“必须”；need“需要”；may“可以”，常表示许可。 二.形容词讲解 定义:形容词(adjective),简称adj,用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词 形容词的用法 1）作定语 Li Mei is a beautiful girl. The new student comes from Japan. 2）作表语 My father's car is very expensive The English story is very interesting 一、单项选择 1．— The radio says it is a ________ day today. — Yes. It’s ________ heavily now. A．rain; raining B．rainy; raining C．rainy; rainy D．rain; rainy 2．What exciting news! We will have a ________ holiday after the exam. A．two-month B．two months C．two-months D．two month 3．—The young lady goes to the Dancing Club every day. —________ lifestyle is good for her ________. A．Healthy; health B．Health; healthy C．Health; health D．Healthy; healthy 4．When his wife died, he lived ________, but his lovely pet dog made him feel less ________. A．alone; alone B．alone; lonely C．lonely; alone D．lonely; lonely 5．Alice’s body became smaller and smaller. Soon she was ________ to go through the door, so she decided to enter the garden. A．too small B．too big C．small enough D．enough small 6．—The snacks smells _________. You need to throw them away because ants can smell things _________. —OK, I will do it right now. A．bad; well B．bad; good C．badly; well D．badly; good 7．—You’ll have to be ________. The plane leaves in about two hours. —Ok, I’ll do everything ________. A．quick; quick B．quick; quickly C．quickly; quick D．quickly; quickly 8．—Do you know the saying “When I walk along with two others, they ________ become my teachers.”? —Yes. It tells us it’s important to learn from the people around us. A．should B．must C．can D．need 9．—Could you speak English, please? I can’t follow you. —Er, I ________ speak English well, but let me try. A．can B．could C．can’t D．couldn’t 10．—Could I take the picture book home, Mrs Rice? —No, you ________. You ________ only read it here. A．couldn’t; can B．couldn’t; may C．can’t; can D．mustn’t; could 11．—________ I park my car here? —I am afraid you ________. Look at the sign “No parking!” A．Need; couldn’t B．Could; can’t C．Must; can’t D．Can; needn’t 12．—________ I touch your rabbit? —I’m afraid you ________. Sometimes it’s not friendly. A．Can; can B．May; may C．Can; may not D．May; can’t 13．—_________ I feed the bird, Mum? —Sorry. I’m afraid you _________. The sign over there says, “Please do not feed the birds.” A．Need; couldn’t B．May; can’t C．Could; couldn’t D．Can; needn’t 14．—You are so good at roller skating now! —Thanks. But I ________ even stand up on my skates when I first tried it. A．could B．couldn’t C．can’t D．may 15．—Can you jump high, Dad? —No, I can’t. But when I was your age, I ________ jump very high. A．could B．can C．couldn’t D．can’t 16．Sophie ______ read both English and French when she was only five years old. A．can B．could C．may D．need 17．—Could I feed the monkeys in the zoo, Mum? —No, you ________. It’s not good for them. A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 18．—Mr. Wang, I finished all the class tasks. ________ I read my storybook now? —Yes, you may. Good job! A．Can B．Must C．May D．Could 19．—________ I borrow your book?      —Sorry, I ________ it at school. A．May, lost B．Should, left C．May, left D．Could, lost 20．—Mum, could I go out with my friends? —Of course you ________. Remember to come back before 10 p.m. A．can B．must C．will D．could 二、完成句子 21．去年我不会骑自行车，但现在我会了。 Last year, I a bike, but now I . 22．历史老师希望我们可以经常参观博物馆。 Our teacher we often visit museums. 23．Nancy was able to play the piano when she was five years old. ( 改为同义句 ) Nancy the piano at the age of five. 24．她害怕蛇，因为蛇可能会咬她。 She snakes because they her. 25．它们不能像其他鸟一样飞，但它们能游得很快。 They fly like other birds, but they swim fast. 26．你的宠物狗会做什么? your pet dog ? 27．我可以帮你做你的家庭作业吗？ I your homework? 28．我们有足够的钱来买这些书。 We have money these books. 29．她是个很善良的女孩。她从不惹麻烦。 She is a girl. She never . 30．这个男孩太小了，还不能照顾自己。 The boy is too to himself. 题型一 语法填空 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 My name is Bob, a student in a middle school. I love animals very much. I often 1 (went) to the zoo to see animals when I 2 (be) free. I have 3 (second) pets at home, a dog and a cat. The dog is black and the cat is white. They both look 4 (interest). My dog’s name is Heihei. He is very smart. He can dance and 5 (walking) on two legs. He likes running around me. I take 6 (he) for a walk in the park every evening. Baibai is the name of my cat. She is kind 7 lazy. She often sleeps in the daytime, 8 she is very fat. She likes playing with balls. When I come back home from school, Heihei and Baibai always run 9 (happy) to me. I give 10 (they) something to eat and then play with them. It’s very interesting to keep Heihei and Baibai. They bring me much fun. I like them very much. 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Now the students are in front of the South Gate of Sunshine Zoo. They 1 (follow) a tour guide in the zoo for the next three hours. Go straight from the South Gate, and the 2 (one) they see is the Panda House. Pandas eat bamboo and enjoy 3 (lie) down all day long. What’s interesting is that their eyes are different from 4 (we). Pandas are cute. Every year, lots of 5 (visit) come here to see them. To the north of the Panda House, they find the lions. Lions are the kings of the animal world 6 they are dangerous. Remember 7 (not go) near them. Turn left into the World of Birds. Birds make beautiful sounds when they sing. Then they come to the Monkeys’ Forest. A baby monkey is jumping around and makes them 8 (laugh). To the east of it, they see the giraffes. The giraffes’ long necks help them eat the leaves from the trees. Go 9 the bridge, and they see the elephants. Elephants’ large ears are like open fans. Here you can see all kinds 10 animals. Have a nice trip! 题型二 阅读理解 Last Sunday, I had a wonderful day at the zoo with my family. We arrived at the zoo at 6:00 a.m. The weather was perfect—sunny but not too hot. First, we visited the monkey house. The monkeys were very funny. They jumped from tree to tree and made strange sounds. My little brother, Tom, laughed a lot when he saw the monkeys playing with each other. Then we went to see the elephants. They were so big! One elephant was using its trunk to spray water. Another elephant was eating hay. The zookeeper told us that elephants can eat up to 300 pounds of food every day! After that, we watched the penguin show. The penguins swam very fast in the water. They looked like they were flying underwater. A zookeeper fed them fish and told us interesting facts about penguins. Did you know the penguins live only in the Southern Hemisphere (半球)? At noon, we had lunch at the zoo restaurant. I had a hamburger and French fries. My parents had salads, and Tom had chicken nuggets. The food was delicious. In the afternoon, we visited the reptile house where we saw snakes, lizards (蜥蜴), and turtles. I don’t like snakes very much, but the colorful lizards were beautiful. Before we left, we bought some souvenirs from the gift shop. I got a stuffed penguin toy to remember our wonderful day at the zoo. 1．What did Tom do when he saw the monkeys? A．He cried. B．He laughed. C．He was scared. D．He fed them. 2．What did the writer learn about elephants? A．They can swim very fast. B．They can spray water with their mouths. C．They can eat up to 300 pounds of food daily. D．They live only in the Southern Hemisphere. 3．Which kind of animals live in the reptile house? A．Animals that can fly. B．Animals that can climb or crawl. C．Animals that live in water. D．Animals that dig tunnels (钻洞). 4．Which of the following shows the right order (顺序) of their visit at the zoo? A．Elephants→Monkey House→Penguin Show→Reptile House→Gift Shop B．Monkey House→Elephants→Penguin Show→Reptile House→Gift Shop C．Penguin Show→Monkey House→Reptile House→Elephants→Gift Shop D．Monkey House→Reptile House→Penguin Show→Elephants→Gift Shop Butterflies are among the most beautiful insects (昆虫) on our planet. Their colorful wings, flying from one flower to another, bring fun to people of all ages. However, they are in big trouble now. Since 2000, the number of butterflies has dropped by almost a quarter. Collin Edwards, who works at the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, led a study on this worrying situation. Volunteers play an important role in understanding the situation. They love butterflies and help monitor them. Monitoring here means carefully watching and taking notes of their numbers, living places, and behaviors. This helps scientists like Edwards find out what’s going on. Three main things are causing the number of butterflies to reduce. First, their homes are disappearing. As cities grow and forests are cut down, butterflies’ homes are destroyed. Second, pesticides (杀虫剂) are a big problem. Pesticides are used to kill harmful insects, but they also harm butterflies and other helpful insects. Third, climate change is making things worse. The Earth is getting warmer. This changes the places where butterflies can live. Some of the plants they depend on might die because of the warmer climate. ________  A simple way is to plant flowers. They are good for butterflies in our gardens. These flowers not only provide butterflies with food but also offer them a safe place. We can also tell people to use fewer pesticides and protect butterflies’ living places. By doing these things, we can help save the butterflies. 1．Which picture best shows the change in butterfly population since 2000? A．B．C． D． 2．Why do volunteers monitor butterflies? A．To sell butterflies to scientists. B．To train butterflies to live in cities. C．To catch and collect butterflies for research. D．To record their numbers, living places, and behaviors. 3．How does the writer organize the information in Paragraph 3? A．By listing causes and explaining each one. B．By telling a story about beautiful butterflies. C．By describing different events in time order. D．By comparing butterflies with other insects. 4．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 4? A．Planting flowers is the only way to save butterflies. B．Protecting butterflies requires global government action. C．There is something we can do to help protect butterflies. D．Scientists have already solved the butterfly population crisis. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $