专题9 句子的种类和简单句-【练客中考】2026年贵州新中考英语精讲册（人教版）

专题九句子的种类和简单句 思维导图 串考点 般疑问句 S+V→主语+谓语 特殊疑问句 疑问句 S+V+0→主语+谓语+宾语 选择疑问句 S+V+P主语+系动词+表语 S+V+IO+DO→ 基本句型 肯定形式 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 句子的 祈使句 否定形式 S+V+O+0C→ 种类和 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 简单句 What引导 感叹句 How引导 肯定句和否定句 陈述句 There be句型（存现句）】 与主谓一致 核心考点 精讲练 【知识必备】六大基本句型 命题点2疑问句 句型一：主语+谓语（不及物动词） 1.一般疑问句 Everybody laughed. 定义：直接用yes或no回答的疑问句。 主语谓语 句型二：主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 句式结构 示例 My mother likes these flowers. Be动词+主语+ -Are these your books? 主语谓语宾语 其他？ No,they aren't. 句型三：主语+系动词+表语 -Must we keep quiet in Lily is smart. 情态动词+主语+动 the classroom? 主语系动词表语 词原形+其他？ -Yes,you must.No shouting 句型四：主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+ in the classroom. 直接宾语 助动词+主语+动词 -Do you like doing sports Mary bought John a birthday gift. 原形+其他？ in your free time? 主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语 -Yes,I do. 句型五：主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语 2.特殊疑问句 补足语 (1)定义：由疑问代词（词组）或疑问副词（词 Jane made her mother happy 组)引导的疑问句。 主语谓语宾语 宾语补足语 (2)结构：特殊疑问词（词组）+助动词/系动 句型六：There be+主语(+地点/时间状语) 词/情态动词+主语+其他？ There are five bananas in the basket. (3)特殊疑问词 There be 主语 地，点状语 特殊 命题点1陈述句 疑问词 含义及用法 常用答语 1.陈述句的肯定形式[详见上文“【知识必备】”] 2.陈述句的否定形式 who “谁”，询问身份 人物姓名或身份 (1)主语+be动词+not+其他。 “谁的”，询问所 名词所有格或名词 (2)主语+情态动词/助动词+not+动词原形 whose 有物的归属 性物主代词 +其他。 (3)no,never,hardly,seldom,few,little, “什么”，询问身 nobody,none,nothing等词构成否定句。 what 份、职业、观点、看 具体内容、职业等 (4)“to0.to..”本身具有否定的含义。 法等 专题九句子的种类和简单句 133 具体内容或在已给 3.选择疑问句 “哪一个”，询问 which 特定的人或物 出的选项中进行 定义：对问题给出两个或两个以上选项， 选择 供对方选择其一的疑问句称为选择疑问句。 “为什么”，询问 ①Because+句子. why 原因 ②To+动词原形 句式结构 示例 一般疑问句+or+另 Are you a nurse or a doc “什么时候”，询 表示时间的名词或 when 一选项？ tor? 问时间 介词短语 Which season do you like “哪里”，询问地 表示地点的名词、介 特殊疑问句，AorB? where 点、位置 词短语 better,summer or winter? 【注意】选择疑问句不用yes或no回答，根据实际 “如何，怎样”，询 表示方式的短语或 how 问方式、感受 表示感受的形容词 情况回答即可。 (4)特殊疑问词词组 命题点3 祈使句[语言运用第一节：2025 疑问 含义及用法 词组 常用答语 类别 结构 示例 “多长”，询问物 基数词+单位名词 Do型：(Please+)动 Please help me. 体的长度 how +long 词原形(+其他). long “多久”，询问时 for+时间段/since+ 肯定 Be型：Be+表语(+其 Be careful！ 间的长短 过去时间点或从句 形式 他)！ “多久以后”，询 Let型：Let+宾语+动 Let's have a rest. how 问动作要多长时 in+一段时间 词原形(+其他). soon 间发生或结束 Don't+动词原形(+ Don't always de 基数词(+单位名词 其他). pend on others. how “多少”，询问可 Let's not be late many 数名词的数量 +of+可数名词复 Let+宾语+not+动 数) 否定 词原形(+其他). again. 形式 “多少钱”，询问 No+名词/动名词！ No parking！ how 价格 基数词(+单位名 Never+动词原形(+其 Never forget what much “多少”，询问不 词) 他) your dream is. 可数名词的量 【祈使句的应答】 基数词(+单位名 1.以Let's开头的肯定祈使句，常用Good idea./ how far “多远”，询问距离 词)/ts+一段时间 OK.等应答。 +'s… 2.其他祈使句，常用一般将来时应答。如：Ys/ how “多久一次”，询 表示频度的短语或 OK/Thanks,I will.Sorry/No,I won't. often 问频率 every day等时间状语 注意++++++++++++ 注意 “祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构可以转换成 特殊疑问句既可以使用完整答语（其中名词 由if引导的条件状语从句。如：Hurry up,or you 常用代词代替)，也可以只回答提问部分。如： will miss the train.快点，否则你要错过火车了。 Where is my schoolbag?既可回答“It's under the =If you hurry up,you won't miss the train. chair..”,也可回答“Under the chair.”。 =If you don't hurry up,you will miss the train. 34 贵州新中考英语(RJ)精讲册 @针对训练 12.我们别在无关紧要的事上浪费时间。 I.根据中文提示，补全英语译文 Let us time on things that 1.[2025贵州]第三，别忘了阅读食品包装上的营 don't matter. 养信息。这样我们能很好地选择食物。 命题点4感叹句[语言运用第-节：2023】 Third, to read the nutri- 引导词 句式结构 示例 tional information on food packaging.Then we What+a/an+形容词 What a good time we can make good food choices. +可数名词单数(+ had at the party last 2.[2025贵州]让我们管理好体重，保持健康！ 主语+谓语+其他)！ night！ Let's manage our weight What What+形容词+可 Listen！Someone is healthy！ 数名词复数/不可 playing the piano. 3.[2025贵州省一模]朋友们，不要错过感受这片 数名词(+主语+ -Wow！What nice 神奇土地的机会哦！ 谓语)！ music！ Dear friends, the chance How+形容词/副词 How exciting the news to experience the wonderful land! （+主语+谓语)！ is! 4.[2023贵州省一模]不要害怕失败。每次跌倒， How+形容词+a How 我们都会学到新的东西。 an+可数名词单数 How beautiful a dress！ afraid of failure.Every (+其他)！ time we fall down,we can learn something new. How+主语+谓语！ How time flies！ 5.[2025贵阳白云二模]运动设施现已全面升级， 【技巧点拨】感叹句五步法确定how与what 就等着你们来使用！让我们一起动起来吧！ 第一步： 从后往前看找主谓 Our upgraded sports facilities are ready for you 若有 若没有 to use！ together！ 第二步 主谓 主谓 6.[2025贵阳鸟当二模]欢迎来到活力乌当旅游 第三步 看主谓前是 有名词 看句末是 否是名词 否有名词 度假。 lively Wudang and enjoy 第四步： 无名词 若名词是 若名词是可数 无名词 不可数名 名词单数， 根 your relaxing holidays here! 词或可数 据名词前的形 名词复数 容词的音素作 7.此处禁止垂钓。 形式 决定 here. 第五步： 用how 用what 用what a(n) 用how 8.今日事，今日毕。 @针对训练 Never what you can do Ⅱ.根据中文提示，补全英语译文 today till tomorrow. 1.[2023贵州]《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊！ 9.艾丽丝，请将你的书收起来放在书架上。 beautiful poem Going up Alice,please your books the Hill is on the shelf. 2.[2025贵州省一模]这里的小吃美味极了！深 10.学会诚实地表达自己，你会发现交朋友很 受广大游客喜爱。 容易。 the snacks are!They are to express yourself honestly, warmly welcomed by the tourists. you will find it easy to make friends 3.[2024贵州省一模]贾玲导演的电影《热辣滚 11.要有礼貌，尊重每一个人。 烫》是多么激动人心啊！ and treat everyone with the film YOLO directed by respect. Jia Ling is！ 专题九句子的种类和简单句 135 4.[2025遵义二模]地球是多么宏伟而美丽的星 1.There be句型的结构 球啊！它是无数生命的摇篮。 句子 magnificent and beautiful 结构 示例 种类 planet Earth is!It is a cradle of countless lives. There be+主语+地 There is some food 5.[2025贵阳乌当二模]进入任何一个村寨，你都 肯定句 点/时间状语 in the fridge. 能感受到当地村民是多么的友好、热情！ Coming into any village,you will feel There be not (+any)/ There isn't any food and warm the local people are! 否定句no+主语+地点/时间 in the fridge. 6.[2025遵义三模]看到新技术和绿色能源遍布 状语 各地，将会多么令人兴奋啊！ Be there (any) it will be to see new tech- 一般 Is there any food in +主语+地点/时间 疑问句 nologies and green energy everywhere! the fridge? 状语？ 7.AI学习应用程序是多么方便的工具啊！ tools AI learning apps are! 特殊疑问词（组）+ 特殊 How much food is 8.在老师们的指导和帮助下，我们成功了。多 主语+be+there+ 疑问句 there in the fridge? 地点/时间状语？ 么难忘的一次比赛啊！ With teachers'guidance and help,we finally 含情态 There can/may/should There can be some made it. unforgettable 动词 (not)be... food in the fridge. match it was！ 2.There be句型的时态 9.中国在科技方面取得了多么巨大的进步啊！ 时态 句式结构 示例 progress China has made in technology！ 一般 There is/are+主语 There is a cat on the 10.我多么希望能改变这儿的一切啊！ 现在时 (+其他)： chair. I to change everything There is/are going here! 般 There is going to be tobe/will be+主语 11.黛西是个多么聪明的学生啊！总能想出有 将来时 a meeting tomorrow. (+其他)： 创意的方法解数学题。 There was/were/used There were many How student Daisy is! 一般 tobe+主语(+其 flowers in my garden She always finds creative ways to solve math 过去时 他) last year. problems. 12.学生们在英语课堂上做笔记多么认真啊！ There have been 现在 There have/has been the students are taking great changes in my 完成时 +主语(+其他)， notes in English class！ hometown. 命题点5 There be句型（存现句）与主谓 【辨析】there be与have/has的区别 一致[语言运用第一节：2025,2024] (1)“There be+主语(+其他).”表示“某地 P考向1 There be句型（存现句） 存在某人/某物”，而“主语+have/has+ There be句型表示“某地或某时有某人或某 其他.”表示“某人拥有某物”。 物”。there无实际意义，be动词遵循“就近原 (2)There be句型与have/has/had(作实义动 则”，即和离它最近的主语的人称和数保持一 词时)不能出现在一个句子中，如： 致。如：There is a dog and two cats.=There are There have a lot of people in the park.(x) two cats and a dog There are a lot of people in the park.(V) 136贵州新中考英语(J)精讲册 ·考向2主谓一致（课标仅作理解要求）】 1.语法一致：即谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 主语 谓语 示例 可数名词单数、不可数名词或代词单数 Water is important to everyone. 动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句 What he said is very meaningful. something,someone,everything,anybody, Each student has an English dictionary in our nothing,each,no one,either,neither 单数 class. 不定代词 one of+可数名词复数 One of the books is boring. The number of the students in this school is the number of+可数名词复数 about 2.000. 可数名词复数或代词复数 Many students are in the classroom. a number of+可数名词复数 复数 A number of books were given to the poor students. and和both.and..连接并列主语 Both Peter and his sister are from Canada. 由cup,bottle,pair等计量单位名词修 由计量单位名词的 Three pairs of shoes are made by my grandmother 饰的名词 单复数形式决定 every day. none/neither/either of+可数名词/代词 单数、复数都可以 None of those magazines sell/sells well. 复数 主语后有with,together with,except,but, The mother together with her three sons was very 取决于主语的数 like,as well as,rather than,including happy. 分数/百分数+of+名词 取决于名词的数 60%of the students in our class are girls. 2.意义一致：即谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致。 主语 谓语 示例 集体名词（如：family/class/team/group/ 取决于主 My family is a small one.（表示整体) public等) 语的意义 My family all like classical music..（表示家庭成员) 集合名词（如：people/police/cattle等） The police are looking for the thief. the+姓氏名词复数，表示“.…一家人”或 “…夫妇二人” 复数 The Greens are going to have a party. the+形容词表示一类人 The rich are not always happy. 表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运 算等的词或短语 Two hours is enough for you to finish your homework. 单数 and连接并列主语，表示同一个人或物时 The famous writer and teacher is giving a speech. 3.就近一致：指谓语动词的数与距其最近的主语保持一致。 用法 示例 either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also..., Not only I but also Tom and Mary enjoy watching televi- not.but.等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数要由离 sion. 谓语动词最近的主语来决定 Either I or he is right. 在There be句型（存现句）中，be动词与距其最近的 There are two trees and a horse behind the house. 主语在数上保持一致 专题九句子的种类和简单句 137 @针对训练 V.根据中文提示，补全英语译文 Ⅲ.语言运用第二节基础练 1.[2025贵州]有很多管理好体重的方法。 1.[2025贵州节选]Two main techniques(技巧)can many ways to manage our be found in Chinese painting.One weight. (be）gongbi,often referred to as“fine-line' 2.[2024贵州]相声中有说学逗唱四种主要艺术 painting. 手段。 2.[2023贵州节选]In one show,people learn how four key skills of xiangsh- plastic fools fish and other sea animals.They eng-shuo,xue,dou and chang. 3.[2025贵州省-模]贵州位于中国的西南部，这 think the plastic (be)food,eat it, 里有许多风景名胜和特色民族文化。 and get very sick or even die. Guizhou is located in the southwest of China. 3.[2024贵州省一模节选]One advantage plenty of places of interest (be)that self-driving cars aren't distracted and unique ethnic culture 心)，as humans sometimes are when driving. 4.[2025遵义一模]两年前，这条街上有家书店。 4.[2025黑龙江改编]There (be)no a bookstore 2 years ago. yogurt and no tomatoes on the shopping list.We 5.[2025黔东南州二模]中国有一句流传几个世 need to add them to the salad. 纪的谚语：“变化带来繁荣，停滞导致落后。” 5.The rest of the students (be）playing a saying in China for cen- basketball on the playground. turies,"Change brings prosperity while stagna- 6.The number of the students in this class tion leads to decline. (be)50 now. 6.[2025贵阳白云二模]学校有丰富多彩的体育 7.The Browns go)out for a walk after 课和运动社团，让你快乐健身的同时，还能培 dinner every day. 养团队协作能力。 8.Nothing （matter）more than people's colorful PE classes and differ- safety and health. ent sports clubs in our school.You'll discover 9.Going cycling with friends on weekends enjoyable ways to stay fit while building team- (give)me a feeling of great happiness work skills. 10.Either the monitor or the group leaders 7.明天一班和三班之间有一场篮球赛。 There a basketball match (collect)the homework after class. between Class One and Class Three tomorrow. 11.The manager knows that one third of the work- 8.没有什么困难能阻止我们成为更好的人。 ers in the factory (be)women. any difficulties that can 12.Both my father and mother (be） stop us from growing into better people. English teachers,but they work in different 9.自从我出生以来，我的家人就住在同一套公 schools. 寓里。 13.Not only the students but also their teacher Since I was born,my family (be)preparing for the cultural festi- in the same flat. val performance. 10.上周那场大风暴过后，有许多志愿者帮忙清 14.One thousand kilometers (be)quite 理海滩。 a long way in ancient times,but now we can many volunteers helping finish the journey in about one hour by air. clean the beaches after the big storm last week. 138 。贵州新中考英语(J)精讲册III.1.had 2.longer 3.brought 4.to keep 5.villages 6.was caused 7.less 8.reaching 9.burning 10.to change 微专题2用所给动词的适当形式 填空—针对语言运用第二节 I.1.developed 2.visitors 3.pronunciation 4.started 5.creative 6.to read 7.To create 8.went 9.chosen 10.enjoyable 11.paintings 12.will make 13.seen 14.is becoming 15.decisions 16.failure 17.surprising 18.sleepy 19.service 20.readers 21.protection 22.to discover 23.was helping 24.choice 25.has helped 26.awake 27.success 28.is 29.changes 30.to stay 31.was founded 32.exciting 33.will be carried 34.to go 35.thankful II.Passage 11.brings 2.widely 3.touching 4.are 5.patience 6.to learn 7.works 8.feelings 9.are printed 10.wonderful Passage 2 1.owner 2.cooking 3.importance 4.to show 5.them 6.turned 7.spending 8.vegetables 9.will be 10.more 专题三 形容词和副词 I.Cloze 1 1-5 CABBC 6-10 BABCC Cloze 2 1-5 AABBC 6-10 CCABC II.1.so wonderful 2.good for 3.it's exciting 4.full of 5.are filled 6.Choose wisely 7.is harmful/does harm 8.bravely try IlI.1.easier 2.most important 3.better 4.more beautiful 5.more 6.closer 7.larger 8.less 9.fewer 10.more interesting 11.longest 12.hottest 13.healthier 14.luckiest 15.stronger 16.faster 17.worse 18.lowest 19.cheaper 20.bigger IV.1.the longest 2.more convenient 3.the wiser 4.the happiest 5.the largest 6.most beautiful 7.it easier 8.the worst 9.even/much stronger V.1.usually 2.means 3.better/well 4.clearing 5.to remember 6.their 7.weight 8.more easily 9.importance 10.hours 微专题3用所给形容词、副词的适当形式 填空一针对语言运用第二节 I.1.well 2.directly 3.carefully 4.widely 5.unable 6.more politely 7.more helpful 8.wiser 9.thicker 10.cleverest 11.more heavily 12.cleaner 13.most famous 14.luckiest 15.warmest 16.highest 17.tallest 18.truth 19.difficulty 20.silence II.1.their 2.better 3.carried 4.faster 5.plants 6.happily 7.healthily 8.quickly 9.useful 10.most beautiful 专题四代词 I.1.its 2.his 3.them 4.our 5.our 6.us 7.theirs 8.mine 9.her 10.their 11.your 12.my 13.me 14.him 15.yourself II.1.themselves 2.your 3.mine 4.growing 5.him 6.were 7.our Π.1-4CBDA IV.1.it's important 2.Those;cousins 3.It took 4.It's reported 5.It seems V.1.others 2.any 3.anyone 4.nothing 5.Neither VI.1.both;and 2.neither;nor 3.either;or 4.a little 5.something wrong 6.nothing but VII.1-4 BCDA 微专题4用所给代词的适当形式 填空一针对语言运用第二节 I.1.itself 2.him 3.yourself 4.ours 5.its 6.mine 7.your 8.his II.1.my 2.is called 3.to read 4.months 5.ourselves 6.are 7.taught 8.them 9.happiness 10.us 6 贵州新中考英语(R 专题五 数词 I.1.first 2.third 3.ninth 4.sixties 5.hundreds 6.twice 7.million 8.fifths 9.second 10.twelfth 11.once II.1.millions of 2.a/one third 3.four hundred 4.her eighties 5.a/one thousand III.1.thousands 2.first 3.second 4.ninth 5.trees 6.divides 7.holes 专题六 介词 I.1-5 BFDCI 6-9 HGEA Ⅱ.Passage11-6 EDGAFB Passage 2 1-6 EABGDF II.1.in person 2.at least 3.by themselves 4.instead of 5.in trouble 6.on foot 7.Thanks to 专题七冠词 I.1.the 2.a 3.an 4.The 5.a 6.the 7.an 8.the 9.a 10.a 11.the 12.the 13.an 14.The 15.a 16.the 17.an 18.the 19.the 20.a II.1-4 BADC 专题八 连词 I.1-7 ACBCFED II.1.both:and 2.either:or 3.not only 4.neither:nor Ⅲ.1-5 CBADE6-9DACB IV.1-6 DCGAFB V.1.so that 2.No matter 3.Even if/though 4.as long 5.whether;or 微专题5完形第一节专练一 针对专题六至专题八 Passage 1 1-6 BACGDE Passage 2 1-6 AGCFBE Passage 3 1-6 DBFEAC Passage 4 1-6 EGDAFB Passage 5 1-6 CFGADB Passage 6 1-6 GBFEDA Passage 7 1-6 CFDGAB Passage 8 1-6 GCEBAF 专题九句子的种类和简单句 I.1.don't forget 2.to keep/stay 3.don't miss 4.Don't be 5.Let's move 6.Welcome to 7.No fishing 8.put off 9.put away 10.Learn;and 11.Be polite 12.not waste II.1.What a 2.How delicious 3.How exciting amazing 4.What a 5.how friendly 6.How exciting 7.What convenient 8.What an 9.What great 10.How:wish 11.clever/smart a 12.How carefully III.1.is 2.is 3.is 4.is 5.are 6.is 7.go 8.matters 9.gives 10.collect 11.are 12.are 13.is14.is IV.1.There are 2.There are 3.There/Here are 4.There was 5.There is 6.There are 7.will be 8.There aren't 9.have lived 10.There were 专题十 主从复合句 I.1-6 EBFCGD II.1.wonder if /whether 2.what;like/love 3.how to 4.how astronauts 5.when;will 6.is like 7.don't think 8.were strict 9.know where 10.realized/understood why IⅢ.1-6 EGBFAC IV.1.who/that discovered 2.which/that needs/requires 3.who/that wore 4.that/which have 5.that sent 6.different that 7.that;should 8.that;changed 9.which/that has 10.that helps 11.who/that live 12.who/that guided 13.that;visited 14.which/that/make 15.that isn't 16.that;remember 17.who keep 专题十一 构词法 I.1.wonderful 2.wisely 3.happiness 4.friendly 5.artist 6.carefully 7.unhealthy 8.driver 9.personal 10.development 11.natural 12.alive 13.importance 14.ability II.1.traditional 2.patiently 3.brought 4.interested 5.to brew 6.was filled 7.wouldn't 8.their 9.moments 10.Chinese J) 参考答案及解析