内容正文:
Unit 1 preparing for the topic
重点知识点解析
1. Hello! 的用法
最基础的问候语,用于正式或初次见面,也可用于打电话。
标点可根据语气调整:Hello, Mary.(逗号)或 Hello! I am Li Weikang.(感叹号)。
辨析:hello 偏正式,用于第一次见面或电话沟通;hi 偏随意,用于熟人之间。
例句:
见面:Hello, I'm Lucy.
打电话:Hello, may I speak to Mr. Wang?
2. Nice to meet you. 的用法
初次见面时的友好问候,答语为 Nice to meet you, too.。
核心词:nice(令人愉快的),meet(结识)。
注意:句子开头首字母必须大写。
例句:
A: Nice to meet you.
B: Nice to meet you, too.
3. Good morning! / Good afternoon! / Good evening! / Good night!
按时间划分的问候语:
Good morning!:早上至中午12点前
Good afternoon!:中午12点至傍晚
Good evening!:傍晚至睡前
Good night!:睡前道别
回答时使用相同的句子;熟人之间可省略 good,直接说 morning/afternoon,还可加上称呼(用逗号隔开)。
例句:
Good morning, Kangkang!
Good night, Mom!
4. How are you? 的用法
日常寒暄用语,并非真的询问身体状况,答语灵活:
常见回答:I'm fine, thank you. / Fine, thanks. / I'm OK. / Not bad. / Just so-so.
反问对方可用 And you?(= And how are you?)。
例句:
A: How are you?
B: I'm very well, thank you. And you?
5. How do you do? 的用法
正式场合或初次见面的问候语,回答也用 How do you do?。
虽以问号结尾,但并非真正的疑问句,翻译时句末多用感叹号。
例句:
A: How do you do?
B: How do you do!
6. like / love 的用法
动词:表示“喜欢;喜爱”,后接动名词(doing)或不定式(to do)。
like doing sth.:表示长期的爱好
love doing sth.:表示更强烈的喜爱
名词:like 表示“喜好”,是可数名词,复数为 likes。
例句:
I like reading books.(长期爱好)
We have different likes.(不同的喜好)
He loves hiking.(强烈喜爱)
7. 英语姓名与中文姓名的区别
中文姓名:姓在前,名在后,姓和名的首字母都大写。
例:Wang Gang(王刚),Zhang Zhonghua(张中华,三个字时仅前两个字首字母大写)
英语姓名:名在前,姓在后。
例:Jim Green(吉姆·格林,Jim 是名,Green 是姓)
句型 I am... 的缩略形式是 I'm...。
例句:I am Wang Junfeng. = I'm Wang Junfeng.
8. be 动词(am / is / are)的基本用法
be 动词是系动词,意为“是;在”,形式由主语决定:
我(I)用 am
你(you)用 are
他(he)、她(she)、它(it)用 is
单数主语用 is,复数主语用 are
缩略形式:I am → I'm;name is → name's。
同义句转换:I'm Lingling. = My name is Lingling.
例句:
This is my teacher, Ms. Zhang.(主语 this 是单数)
You and I are good friends.(主语是复数)
"I" is a letter.(“I”作为字母时是单数)
9. Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms. 的用法
这些称呼必须与姓氏搭配使用,首字母大写,不能单独使用。
Mr.:先生(用于成年男性,无论婚否;也可用于男老师)
Miss:小姐(用于未婚女性;也可用于女老师)
Mrs.:夫人(用于已婚女性,随夫姓)
Ms.:女士(用于婚姻状况不明的女性)
例句:Mr. Green(格林先生),Miss Li(李小姐/李老师)
10. What's your name, please? 的用法
用于询问对方姓名,常用 My name is... 或 I am... 作答。
句型结构:what is 的缩略形式是 what's。
对划线部分提问:My name is Maria. → What is your name?
例句:
A: What's your name, please?
B: My name is Li Ping. / I am Li Ping.
11. 特殊疑问句的构成与回答
构成:特殊疑问词 + be动词/助动词 + 主语 + 其他。
常用疑问词:what(什么)、how old(多大)、who(谁)、how(怎样)、where(哪里)。
不能用 Yes 或 No 回答,需根据问题内容具体回答。
解题步骤:
找:找准特殊疑问词
提:把 be 动词/助动词提前
倒:颠倒主谓结构
抄:抄写句子其他部分(第一人称 I 变第二人称 you)
改:句号变问号
例句:
A: What do you like?
B: I like playing football.
12. 英语中的基数词(0-20)
0-10:zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten
11-20:eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty
规律:13-19 均以 -teen 结尾;注意拼写易错词:three → thirteen,five → fifteen,eight → eighteen。
用途:可表达年龄、时刻、电话号码、门牌号等。
例句:I'm thirteen years old.(表达年龄)
13. This is... 的用法
用于介绍人、物、地点的常用句型,意为“这是……”。
注意:This is... 不能缩写为 This's...。
例句:
介绍人:This is my teacher, Mr. Huang.
介绍物:This is a pen.
介绍地点:This is Beijing. Welcome to Beijing.
14. Where are you from? / be from 的用法
用于询问某人来自哪里,句型为 Where + be + 主语 + from?。
be from = come from(来自……),be 动词形式与主语保持一致。
同义句转换:I am from Beijing. = I come from Beijing.
对划线部分提问:I am from Chengdu. → Where are you from?
例句:
A: Where is Kangkang from?
B: He is from China.
15. What/Which class/grade are you in? 的用法
用于询问班级/年级,回答用 I'm in Class..., Grade...。
班级表达:先小单位 class,后大单位 grade;数字与 class/grade 连用时,首字母大写。
例句:
A: What class are you in?
B: I'm in Class Two, Grade Seven.
A: What grade is Wang Junfeng in?
B: He is in Grade Seven.
16. 介词 in / 副词 too / 大写规则
in 的用法:表示“在……里/内/上”,也可表示“用某种语言”。
例句:in China(在中国),in English(用英语)
too 的用法:表示“也”,放在句末。
例句:You like English. I like English, too.
大写规则:
句子开头首字母大写。
姓名、称呼、地名、语言名、专有名词首字母大写。
星期、月份、节日名称首字母大写。
大多数缩略词大写(如 CCTV)。
表示编号的词大写(如 Class One)。
“I”和“OK”在句中任何位置都大写。
文章标题、书名的实词首字母大写。
17. 可数名词的单复数
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,复数通常在词尾加 -s。
当复数名词作主语时,谓语动词也用复数形式。
例句:
单数:Li Xiaolong is my classmate.
复数:Li Xiaolong and Xiao Ya are my classmates.
18. How old are you? 的用法
用于询问年龄,答语为 主语 + be + 基数词 (years old).,years old 可省略。
注意:这是比较直接的问法,对长辈或上级可用更礼貌的表达:May I know your age? 或 Could you please tell me your age?
在英语国家,不要随意问别人的年龄、工资、婚否等隐私问题。
对划线部分提问:I am twelve years old. → How old are you?
例句:
A: How old are you?
B: I'm ten (years old).
19. See you. 的用法
告别用语,意为“再见/待会儿见”,答语相同。
其他表达:See you later.(再见)、See you tomorrow.(明天见)、Goodbye. / Bye.
例句:
A: See you.
B: See you.
20. 英语字母
共26个,按音素分类如下:
/eɪ/ 音素:Aa, Hh, Jj, Kk
/iː/ 音素:Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Gg, Pp, Tt, Vv, Zz
/aɪ/ 音素:Ii, Yy
/əʊ/ 音素:Oo
/juː/ 音素:Uu, Qq, Ww
/e/ 音素:Ff, Ll, Mm, Nn, Ss, Xx
/ɑː/ 音素:Rr
书写要求:
大写字母占上两格;小写字母根据笔画占1-3格;所有字母向右倾斜约5°。
分类说明:
元音字母:Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu
半元音字母:Yy(在单词中可发元音或辅音音素)
辅音字母:其余所有字母
例句:元音字母 A,辅音字母 B,半元音字母 Y
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Unit 1 Wrapping Up the Topic
重点知识点解析
1. What do you know from the name card? / know & card 的用法
know
动词,意为“知道;认识”,是及物动词,可直接跟宾语。
句型转换:主语为第三人称单数时,动词变 knows;变否定/疑问句需借助助动词 do/does。
例句:
Do you know his name?
Tom knows Mike. → Tom doesn't know Mike.
card
名词,意为“卡片;纸牌;贺卡”,可数名词,复数为 cards。
常见搭配:name card(名片)、ID card(身份证)、play cards(打牌)。
例句:
This is my name card.
2. Which girl in the picture is Liu Mei? / in 的用法
介词,意为“在……里面;在……以内”,表示位置或范围。
常见搭配:in the picture(在照片里)、in China(在中国)、in Class 1, Grade 7(在七年级一班)。
例句:
Which girl in the picture is Liu Mei?
3. Looks/Character: a tall girl / look 的用法
名词用法
意为“外观,容貌”,可数名词。
例句:
She has her father's good looks.
动词用法
意为“看”,不及物动词,强调动作,接宾语时需加介词 at。
常见搭配:look at...(看某物)。
例句:
Look! That is Li Ming.
Look at this picture.
4. Lingling is my best friend at school. / at school & at the school
· at school:表示“在学校上课/学习”,强调在学校环境中的学习活动。
例句:He is at school now.
· at/in the school:表示“在某一所具体的学校里”,不一定在学习,可指工作、参加活动等。
例句:He teaches English in the school.
5. She doesn't talk much, but she likes to help others. / talk, much, but 的用法
talk
动词,意为“说话;讨论”,行为动词,主语为第三人称单数时变 talks;变否定/疑问句需借助 do/does。
例句:
We often talk with Miss Wang.
Tom talks much. → Tom doesn't talk much.
much
副词,意为“非常;十分”,多用于修饰行为动词。
例句:
Thank you very much.
Mike knows much about our school.
but
连词,意为“但是;然而”,表转折关系,连接意思相反或相对的成分。
例句:
Our school is small but beautiful.
They are in Grade Seven, but they are in different classes.
6. I'm really happy to be friends with her. / really & be friends with... 的用法
really
副词,意为“确实;真正地”,可放在助动词/情态动词/系动词之后、行为动词之前,或形容词/副词之前加强语气。
例句:
I really love you.
She is really friendly and kind.
be friends with...
短语,意为“和……成为朋友”。
例句:
Everyone wants to be friends with you.
I want to be friends with you.
7. Li Ming and I are in Grade Seven, but we are in different classes. / 人称代词 & class & different
人称代词主格
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
I(我)
we(我们)
第二人称
you(你)
you(你们)
第三人称
he(他)/ she(她)/ it(它)
they(他们/她们/它们)
排列顺序:
· 单数:第二人称 → 第三人称 → 第一人称(you, he and I)
· 复数:第一人称 → 第二人称 → 第三人称(we, you and they)
· 强调责任/认错时:第一人称放最前面(I and you are late.)
class
名词,意为“班级;课”,可数名词,复数为 classes(以 s 结尾,加 -es)。
例句:
They are in different classes.
different
形容词,意为“不同的”,可在 be 动词后作表语,或在名词前作定语(名词常用复数)。
例句:
The two dogs are different.
They are in different classes.
8. 英语单词和句子的书写注意事项
单词书写:字母间距均匀,不要过紧或过远。
句子书写:句首单词首字母大写;单词间空出一个小写字母的宽度。
标点位置:标点符号要写在规定位置。
单线书写:
· 把单线当作四线格的第三线,想象出其他三线。
· 两线间上方留出三分之一空白。
· 使用 0.5 或 0.7 的中性笔书写。
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Unit 1 Developing the Topic
重点知识点解析
1. What about you, Meimei? / What about...? 句型
句型功能:What about...? = How about...? 用于提出建议、征求意见、询问消息或承接话题。
结构:about 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词(doing)。
核心用法:
· 向对方提出建议或请求
· 征询对方的看法或意见
· 寒暄时承接上下文的转折语
例句:
What about listening to music?
I am from Beijing. What about you?
2. I like swimming. / 动词变-ing 双写规则
核心规则:以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母(r 除外)的动词,变 -ing 时需双写该辅音字母,再加 -ing。
典型例词:
swim → swimming
run → running
例句:
Tom likes running and swimming.
What about swimming together?
3. Who is the boy over there? / over there 的用法
短语含义:副词短语,意为“在那边”。
位置规则:可位于 be 动词后作表语,也可在名词后作定语。
例句:
My basketball is over there.
Who is the girl over there?
4. Hi, everyone! My name is Lingling. / everyone 的用法
代词属性:不定代词,意为“每人;人人”。
主谓一致:作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例句:
Is everyone here?
Everyone likes listening to music.
5. She is a beautiful and lovely girl. / beautiful & lovely 的用法
beautiful
形容词,意为“美丽的;美好的”,最通用的“美”的表达,可指人、风景、事物等。形容人时,一般指女性。
例句:
Listen to the beautiful music.
You are a pretty girl.
lovely
形容词,意为“令人愉快的;迷人的”,可形容人、动物或物品。
例句:
Oh, the little cat is so lovely!
6. I like drawing pictures and reading books. / draw & read 的用法
draw
动词,意为“画;描绘”。
常见搭配:
draw a picture(画一张画)
draw pictures(画画)
例句:
We often draw pictures together.
read
动词,意为“阅读;朗读”,通常作及物动词,直接跟宾语。
常见搭配:
read books(看书)
read English books(读英语书)
例句:
They often read English books.
7. We also do many things together, such as swimming and running. / also, many, such as 的用法
also
副词,意为“也”,较正式,位于行为动词前、be 动词/助动词/情态动词后。
辨析 also & too:
· also:较正式,句中
· too:较口语,句末
例句:
He also likes English. = He likes English, too.
many
形容词,意为“许多”,后接可数名词复数。
例句:
I have many friends.
such as
短语介词,意为“例如;诸如”,用于列举整体中的部分同类人或事物,一般列举两个或以上例子。
结构:such as 前用逗号隔开,后直接跟名词/动名词(动词需用 -ing 形式)。
辨析 such as & like:
· such as:正式列举
· like:非正式举例,可替换 such as
例句:
I like doing sports, such as swimming, running and playing football.
I like little animals, like cats and dogs.
8. Xiao Ya is a great friend! / great 的用法
形容词,意为“好极的;优秀的;伟大的”,可形容人、事物、想法、计划等。
核心用法:
· 形容人:表示在某方面有卓越才能或特质
· 形容事物:表达高度认可和赞赏
例句:
She's great.
The Great Wall is in China.
It's a great plan.
9. I enjoy the time with her. / enjoy & with 的用法
enjoy
动词,意为“享受……的乐趣;喜爱”,后接名词、代词或动名词(doing),不能接不定式(to do)。
常见搭配:
enjoy oneself(过得开心,与 have a good time 同义)
例句:
Do you enjoy the film?
I enjoy myself at the new school.
with
介词,意为“和;有;用”。
核心用法:
· 表示“和……一起”,后接名词或代词宾格
例句:
She is in the same class with me.
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Unit 1 Exploring the Topic
重点知识点解析
1. I'm from China. / 专有名词用法
核心要点:表示国家、地区、语言、民族的词属于专有名词,首字母必须大写。
China(中国)→ 对应形容词/名词 Chinese(中国的;中国人;汉语)
同类例词:America(美国)→ American;England(英国)→ English
例句:
I'm from China. I speak Chinese.
She is from England. She is English.
2. friendly 的用法
词性:形容词,意为“友好的”。
常见搭配:
作表语:be friendly to sb.(对某人友好)
作定语:直接修饰名词
例句:
The girl is very friendly to her classmates.
He is a friendly teacher.
拓展:名词形式为 friend(朋友),复数 friends。
3. We all need friends. / need & all 的用法
need 的用法
实义动词,意为“需要”,后接名词、代词或动词不定式 to do。
例句:
I need a new pen.
We need to learn English well.
all 的用法
代词/形容词,意为“全部;所有的”,指代三者或三者以上。
位置规则:作同位语时,位于 be 动词后、行为动词前。
例句:
They are all students.
We all like playing games.
4. Friends can be old. Friends can be young. / can 的用法
情态动词,意为“能;可以;可能”,后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。
核心用法:
表能力:“能;会”
表许可:“可以”
表推测:“可能”
否定形式:can not → 缩写 can't
例句:
My brother can play basketball.
You can go home now.
She can't swim.
拓展:old & young 反义词对
old:老的;旧的 → 反义词 young(年轻的)/ new(新的)
例句:
My grandpa is old. I am young.
This bag is old. I want a new one.
5. Friends can be tall. Friends can be short. / tall & short 反义词对
tall:形容词,指人或动物“高的”,不能形容无生命物体的高度。
short:形容词,指人“矮的”;也可指物体“短的”。
例句:
The boy is tall. His sister is short.
This pencil is short. Please give me a long one.
6. Friends play together and help each other. / each other & and 的用法
each other
代词短语,意为“互相;彼此”,作动词或介词的宾语。
例句:
We often help each other at school.
They learn from each other.
and
并列连词,连接词性、结构相同的单词、短语或句子,表“和;并且”。
例句:
He likes reading and writing.
I get up early and go to school.
7. The text may be about Li Xiang's friends. / may & about 的用法
may 的用法
情态动词,意为“可能;可以”,后接动词原形,语气比 can 更委婉。
核心用法:
表推测:“可能”(把握性较小)
表请求:“可以”(礼貌用语)
例句:
He may be at home.
May I use your ruler?
about 的用法
介词,意为“关于”,常用搭配 be about(是关于……的)。
例句:
This book is about animals.
The talk is about English learning.
8. We often play football together. / often 的用法
频度副词,意为“经常;常常”,表示动作发生的频率。
位置规则:位于 be 动词后、行为动词前。
例句:
She is often late for class.
They often play football after school.
拓展:常见频度副词排序
always(总是)> usually(通常)> often(经常)> sometimes(有时)> seldom(很少)> never(从不)
9. Who is your best friend? / who & best 的用法
who 的用法
特殊疑问词,对人进行提问,在句中作主语,句型为 Who + 谓语 + 其他?
例句:
Who is your teacher?
Who likes singing?
best 的用法
形容词最高级,是 good 的最高级形式,意为“最好的”。
常见搭配:one's best friend(某人最好的朋友)
例句:
This is my best friend.
She is the best student in our class.
10. Here are my friends. / Here is/are... 句型
倒装句型,意为“这是……;这里有……”,be 动词形式由后面的主语决定。
主语是单数/不可数名词 → 用 is
主语是复数名词 → 用 are
例句:
Here is a pen for you.
Here are some apples.
辨析:here is vs this is
here is:强调空间位置,表示“这里有”。
this is:强调介绍,用于向他人介绍人或物。
例句:
Here is your book.
This is my mother.
11. She likes singing and playing the guitar. / play 的用法小结
动词,意为“玩;打;演奏”,核心搭配分两类:
接球类/棋类名词:不加冠词 the
接乐器类名词:必须加冠词 the
例句:
play football / play chess
play the guitar / play the piano
拓展:一般现在时句型转换(主语为三单)
否定句:She doesn't like singing.
一般疑问句:Does she like playing the guitar?
12. Li Xiang is from Beijing, too. / too 的用法
副词,意为“也”,用于肯定句末尾,前加逗号。
辨析:too vs either
too:肯定句末尾
either:否定句末尾
例句:
I like English, too.
He doesn't like math, either.
拓展:地名表达规则
汉语拼音拼写,首字母大写:Beijing / Shanghai / Guangzhou
特殊地名:Hong Kong / Macao
13. We are all new here... / new & here 的用法
new
形容词,意为“新的;新来的”,反义词 old。
例句:
This is a new bag.
I'm new in this school.
here
副词,意为“在这里;这儿”,表示近距离的位置。
例句:
Come here, please.
My teacher is here.
14. ...we are very happy to meet each other at the new school! / happy & at 的用法
happy
形容词,意为“高兴的;幸福的”。
核心搭配:be happy to do sth.(很高兴做某事)
例句:
I'm happy to see you.
They are happy to play games.
拓展:副词形式 happily(高兴地)
at 的用法
介词,后接小地点(如学校、车站、家);大地点前用 in。
例句:
at school / at home / at the bus stop
in Beijing / in China
15. You may begin like this. / like 作介词的用法
介词,意为“像;如同”,后接名词、代词或动名词,区别于动词 like(喜欢)。
例句:
Do it like this.
She looks like her mother.
16. Kangkang has three friends. / have & has 的用法
实义动词,意为“有”,人称变化规则:
主语为 I/we/you/they/复数名词 → 用 have
主语为 he/she/it/单数名词 → 用 has
例句:
I have a dog.
He has two cats.
They have many books.
17. It is a cute dog and has two big ears. / cute 的用法
形容词,意为“可爱的;讨人喜欢的”,可形容人、动物或物品,与 lovely 同义。
例句:
What a cute baby!
This is a cute rabbit.
18. It is a little black cat. / little 的用法
形容词,多义核心用法:
表示“小的”,带有喜爱的感情色彩
表示“少量的”,后接不可数名词,表否定含义
拓展:a little(一点),后接不可数名词,表肯定含义
例句:
a little bird / a little girl
There is little water in the bottle.
I have a little milk.
19. They like listening to music. / listen 的用法
不及物动词,意为“听”,强调“听”的动作,接宾语时必须加介词 to。
核心搭配:
listen to music(听音乐)
listen to the teacher(听老师讲)
listen carefully(认真听)
例句:
Listen! Someone is singing.
Please listen to me.
20. He likes playing football. / 一般现在时第三人称单数
核心规则:当主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词/不定代词)时,行为动词需变第三人称单数形式。
动词变化规则:
一般情况加 -s → play→plays / like→likes
以 s/x/ch/sh/o 结尾加 -es → watch→watches / go→goes
以辅音字母+y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 -es → study→studies
例句:
She watches TV every day.
Tom studies English hard.
21. What about you, Meimei? / What about...? 句型
句型功能:用于提出建议、征求意见或承接话题,与 How about...? 同义。
结构:about 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词 doing。
例句:
What about going to the park?
I like red. What about you?
22. I like swimming. / 动词变 ing 形式(双写规则)
核心规则:以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母(r 除外)的动词,变 ing 时双写末尾辅音字母,再加 ing。
典型例词:
swim→swimming
run→running
sit→sitting
例句:
He likes running in the morning.
They are sitting under the tree.
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