Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 介绍伟大的科学家（单元应用文写作精练）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 介绍伟大的科学家 应用文写作精练 写作主题 识 主题：本单元旨在介绍伟大的科学家 写作框架： 1．开头 介绍科学家的基本情况。 2．主体 介绍科学家取得的成就及社会影响 3．结尾 收获或感想及对未来的展望。 写作词汇短语： 1.be keen on doing...热衷于做…… 2.be attracted to...被……吸引 3.be crazy about...对……痴迷　　 4.be into...对……十分感兴趣 5.be fond of doing sth.喜欢做某事 6.have/show a passion for...酷爱……;对……极度喜爱 7.be talented in/have a talent for...在……方面有天赋 8.be enthusiastic/passionate about...对……充满热情/激情 9.graduate from毕业于 10.win a scholarship获得奖学金 11.be given the title of...获得……称号 12.think/speak highly of...高度评价/赞扬…… 13.be known/famous as...作为……而闻名 14.be honored as...被誉为…… 15.set a good example树立好榜样 16.be awarded...for...因为……被授予…… 17.deserve our admiration and respect值得我们钦佩和尊重 写作句型： 1.In 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering qinghaosu, which is the key to the treatment for malaria. 2015年，她因发现青蒿素——疟疾治疗的关键药物——荣获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 2.So great is her contribution to the world that she has become the idol of many people.她对世界的贡献如此巨大，已成为众人心中的偶像。 3.Inspired by her story, I decided to study harder to realize my dream.受此激励，我决定加倍努力，实现自己的梦想。 写作模板： 　　假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Jack想要了解中国的科学家。你决定向他介绍2015年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的屠呦呦,因为她发现了青蒿素,为人类治疗疟疾作出了巨大贡献。请根据以下要求写一封回信。内容包括: 　　1.屠呦呦的简介; 　　2.屠呦呦对你的影响。 思路点拨 Dear Jack, I'm glad to know that you are interested in Chinese scientists. I'm writing to introduce my favorite scientist Tu Youyou to you. Tu Youyou, a great scientist, devoted most of her time to conducting experiments to find the cure for malaria. Finally her efforts paid off. In 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering ginghaosu,which is the key to the treatment for malaria. So which great is her contribution to the world that she has become the idol of many people. Inspired by her story, I decided to study harder to realize my dream. I hope her story can also have a positive effect on you. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua （2025·甘肃平凉·模拟预测）请你为下周的“Science and Scientists”英语讨论课准备一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.介绍一位你最喜欢的科学家； 2.你最欣赏他或她的哪些方面。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 　　假定你是李华,你校英文报“名人风采”栏目正在征稿,请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,介绍一位你最敬佩的科学家,要点包括: 　　1.人物简介; 　　2.敬佩理由。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 The Scientist I Admire Most 1．（24-25高二上·全国·单元测试）假定你是李华，请根据下面表格中的内容提示，以“My Hero”为题，为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文，介绍你比较喜欢的一位中国科学家。 姓名 梁建英 出生年份 1972年 职务 中国高铁总设计师 主要经历 1. 1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作 2. 带领其团队研发出时速300~350千米的高速动车组 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 高速动车组 high-speed EMU 2．（2022高二上·广西·学业考试）已故的伟大科学家袁隆平对世界作出了巨大贡献。请你根据下列表格信息提示，以“The greatest hero in my heart—Yuan Longping”为题，写一篇英文短文简单介绍袁隆平院士的生平事迹，并提出纪念他的一个方法。 生平 1930年出生于北京 1964年开始研究特殊水稻 1975年研发出杂交水稻(hybrid rice) 1980年杂交水稻在中国及许多国家和地区推广 2021年逝世 贡献 解决食物短缺问题,被称为杂交水稻之父(the“Father of Hybrid Rice”) 注意：①短文应包括以上信息，为使行文连贯可适当增加细节;②词数在100词左右，标题已经给出，不计入总词数。 The greatest hero in my heart—Yuan Longping 3．（21-22高二上·浙江宁波·月考）你校英语报正在征文,请根据下列表格内的内容投稿。 姓名 陈薇,一位军人,中国著名的科学家之一 出生 1966年2月,浙江 个人信息 1988年毕业于浙江大学,1998年获得博士学位,因为科研贡献多次获奖,并于2020年获得“人民英雄”国家荣誉称号 贡献 2020年疫情爆发，为了对抗疫情陈薇和她的团队成功研制出抗新冠疫苗,对抗击新冠肺炎做出了巨大贡献 参考词汇: “人民英雄”国家荣誉称号： the “People's Hero” national honorary title 新冠疫苗：the Coronavirus vaccine   军人： soldier  博士学位doctorate 疫情epidemic 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 4．（23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）假定你是李华 ，你校英文校报正在征集关于我国明代（Ming Dynasty）李时珍的文章。请你写一篇短文投稿。 要点如下： 简介 出生于1518年，医学家（medical scientist） 著作 《本草纲目》Ben Cao Gang Mu，中草药（herbs）总集，包含近2,000 种中草药、数百万字（characters），历时37年。 经历和精神 访民间，走群山，尝百草，亲身做实验，不畏艰险 评价和感悟 …… 注意：1.写作词数应为100词左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 5．（24-25高二上·福建厦门·月考）习近平总书记高度关心关怀中国科技事业和广大科学家群体，并提出新时代科学家精神的内涵，即“胸怀祖国、服务人民的爱国精神，勇攀高峰、敢为人先的创新精神，追求真理、严谨治学的求实精神，淡泊名利、潜心研究的奉献精神，集智攻关、团结协作的协同精神，甘为人梯、奖掖后学的育人精神”。你校英文报 “科学家与科学精神”专栏，正在面向全校学生征稿，请你结合总书记的讲话精神，以“What makes a great scientist?”为题写一篇短文投稿，用英文讲一个中国科学家的故事，内容包括： 1. 该科学家的简介； 2. 该科学家的科学精神（举例说明）； 3. 你对该科学家的评价。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 介绍伟大的科学家 应用文写作精练 写作主题 识 主题：本单元旨在介绍伟大的科学家 写作框架： 1．开头 介绍科学家的基本情况。 2．主体 介绍科学家取得的成就及社会影响 3．结尾 收获或感想及对未来的展望。 写作词汇短语： 1.be keen on doing...热衷于做…… 2.be attracted to...被……吸引 3.be crazy about...对……痴迷　　 4.be into...对……十分感兴趣 5.be fond of doing sth.喜欢做某事 6.have/show a passion for...酷爱……;对……极度喜爱 7.be talented in/have a talent for...在……方面有天赋 8.be enthusiastic/passionate about...对……充满热情/激情 9.graduate from毕业于 10.win a scholarship获得奖学金 11.be given the title of...获得……称号 12.think/speak highly of...高度评价/赞扬…… 13.be known/famous as...作为……而闻名 14.be honored as...被誉为…… 15.set a good example树立好榜样 16.be awarded...for...因为……被授予…… 17.deserve our admiration and respect值得我们钦佩和尊重 写作句型： 1.In 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering qinghaosu, which is the key to the treatment for malaria. 2015年，她因发现青蒿素——疟疾治疗的关键药物——荣获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 2.So great is her contribution to the world that she has become the idol of many people.她对世界的贡献如此巨大，已成为众人心中的偶像。 3.Inspired by her story, I decided to study harder to realize my dream.受此激励，我决定加倍努力，实现自己的梦想。 写作模板： 　　假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Jack想要了解中国的科学家。你决定向他介绍2015年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的屠呦呦,因为她发现了青蒿素,为人类治疗疟疾作出了巨大贡献。请根据以下要求写一封回信。内容包括: 　　1.屠呦呦的简介; 　　2.屠呦呦对你的影响。 思路点拨 Dear Jack, I'm glad to know that you are interested in Chinese scientists. I'm writing to introduce my favorite scientist Tu Youyou to you. Tu Youyou, a great scientist, devoted most of her time to conducting experiments to find the cure for malaria. Finally her efforts paid off. In 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering ginghaosu,which is the key to the treatment for malaria. So which great is her contribution to the world that she has become the idol of many people. Inspired by her story, I decided to study harder to realize my dream. I hope her story can also have a positive effect on you. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua （2025·甘肃平凉·模拟预测）请你为下周的“Science and Scientists”英语讨论课准备一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.介绍一位你最喜欢的科学家； 2.你最欣赏他或她的哪些方面。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 【答案】 Good morning, everyone! Today, I’d like to talk about Marie Curie, my favorite scientist. She was a pioneer in radioactivity research and the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. What I admire most is her perseverance. Despite facing financial struggles and gender barriers, she never gave up on her experiments. Her discovery of radium and polonium revolutionized medicine and science. Moreover, she selflessly shared her findings without patents, showing her dedication to humanity. Marie Curie inspires me not only for her brilliance but also for her courage to challenge limits. Thank you for your listening! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇发言稿，介绍一位自己最喜欢的科学家以及最欣赏他或她的哪些方面。 【详解】1.词汇积累 欣赏：admire→appreciate 此外：moreover→besides 奉献：dedication→devotion 尽管：despite→in spite of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Moreover, she selflessly shared her findings without patents, showing her dedication to humanity. 拓展句：Moreover, she selflessly shared her findings without patents, which showed her dedication to humanity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What I admire most is her perseverance.（运用了what引导主语从句） 【高分句型2】Moreover, she selflessly shared her findings without patents, showing her dedication to humanity.（运用了现在分词作状语） 　　假定你是李华,你校英文报“名人风采”栏目正在征稿,请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,介绍一位你最敬佩的科学家,要点包括: 　　1.人物简介; 　　2.敬佩理由。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 The Scientist I Admire Most 【答案】 The Scientist I Admire Most 　　There are many famous scientists in China and Qian Xuesen impressed me the most. When Qian was at college, he realized China needed its own powerful air force to defend the country, so he made the decision to major in aviation. He went to America in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies and returned to China in 1955. Under Qian's leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets. 　　Qian devoted himself to the country and helped make China stronger. He is an example to me and his spirit will inspire me to keep moving forward. 1．（24-25高二上·全国·单元测试）假定你是李华，请根据下面表格中的内容提示，以“My Hero”为题，为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文，介绍你比较喜欢的一位中国科学家。 姓名 梁建英 出生年份 1972年 职务 中国高铁总设计师 主要经历 1. 1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作 2. 带领其团队研发出时速300~350千米的高速动车组 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 高速动车组 high-speed EMU 【答案】 My Hero Each person has his or her own hero. My hero is Liang Jianying. Born in 1972, she is the general designer of the China high-speed EMU. She graduated from university in 1995. Ever since, she has been devoting all her time and energy to the development of the Chinese high-speed railway. Afterwards, she led her team and invented the 300-350 km/h high-speed EMU, making it more convenient for us to travel around quickly. Liang Jianying has set a good example for us. From her, I realise that we should keep on trying until we realise our dreams. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按照要求以《我的英雄》为题，为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文，介绍考生比较喜欢的一位中国科学家。 【详解】1.词汇积累 总设计师：general designer→ chief designer 发展：development→ progression 后来：afterwards→ thereafter 意识到：realise→ be aware 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Born in 1972, she is the general designer of the China high-speed EMU. 拓展句：She, who was born in 1972, is the general designer of the China high-speed EMU. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Afterwards, she led her team and invented the 300-350 km/h high-speed EMU, making it more convenient for us to travel around quickly.（运用了现在分词making作状语） 【高分句型2】From her, I realise that we should keep on trying until we realise our dreams.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 2．（2022高二上·广西·学业考试）已故的伟大科学家袁隆平对世界作出了巨大贡献。请你根据下列表格信息提示，以“The greatest hero in my heart—Yuan Longping”为题，写一篇英文短文简单介绍袁隆平院士的生平事迹，并提出纪念他的一个方法。 生平 1930年出生于北京 1964年开始研究特殊水稻 1975年研发出杂交水稻(hybrid rice) 1980年杂交水稻在中国及许多国家和地区推广 2021年逝世 贡献 解决食物短缺问题,被称为杂交水稻之父(the“Father of Hybrid Rice”) 注意：①短文应包括以上信息，为使行文连贯可适当增加细节;②词数在100词左右，标题已经给出，不计入总词数。 The greatest hero in my heart—Yuan Longping 【答案】 The greatest hero in my heart—Yuan Longping Yuan Longping was a famous agricultural scientist. He was born in Beijing in 1930. In 1964, he started a special study about rice. In 1975, he developed a new kind of rice called hybrid rice. In 1980, he began to help people grow more rice not only in China but also in many other areas around the world. In 2021, to our sadness, he died in Changsha. Yuan Longping made a great contribution to the agriculture of the world, solving the problem of food for millions of people. So he is called the“Father of Hybrid Rice”. To remember him,I think we should save food in our daily life. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英文短文简单介绍袁隆平院士的生平事迹，并提出纪念他的一个方法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 特殊的：special→particular 开发：develop→exploit 种类：kind→variety 悲伤：sadness→sorrow 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Yuan Longping made a great contribution to the agriculture of the world, solving the problem of food for millions of people. 拓展句：Yuan Longping made a great contribution to the agriculture of the world, because he solved the problem of food for millions of people. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 In 1975, he developed a new kind of rice called hybrid rice.(运用了过去分词作后置定语) 【高分句型2】To remember him, I think we should save food in our daily life.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语) 3．（21-22高二上·浙江宁波·月考）你校英语报正在征文,请根据下列表格内的内容投稿。 姓名 陈薇,一位军人,中国著名的科学家之一 出生 1966年2月,浙江 个人信息 1988年毕业于浙江大学,1998年获得博士学位,因为科研贡献多次获奖,并于2020年获得“人民英雄”国家荣誉称号 贡献 2020年疫情爆发，为了对抗疫情陈薇和她的团队成功研制出抗新冠疫苗,对抗击新冠肺炎做出了巨大贡献 参考词汇: “人民英雄”国家荣誉称号： the “People's Hero” national honorary title 新冠疫苗：the Coronavirus vaccine   军人： soldier  博士学位doctorate 疫情epidemic 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 【答案】 Chen Wei is not only a soldier but also one of the most famous scientists in China. Chen Wei was born in February, 1966. At the age of 22, she graduated from Zhejiang University. In 1998, she earned a doctorate. Chen Wei has won many prizes for her great contributions to medical science for many years. At the beginning of 2020, a terrible disease, which was later known as COVID-19 suddenly broke out in some parts of our country. Chen Wei was ordered to develop the vaccine against COVID-19. Chen Wei and her team have been working hard since they received the order. After many days' hard work, they eventually succeeded in developing the effective vaccines, for which she was awarded the “People's Hero” national honorary title at the end of 2020. 【分析】本篇书面表达属于人物简介，你校英语报正在征文,请根据下列表格内的内容投稿。 姓名 陈薇,一位军人,中国著名的科学家之一 出生 1966年2月,浙江 个人信息 1988年毕业于浙江大学,1998年获得博士学位,因为科研贡献多次获奖,并于2020年获得“人民英雄”国家荣誉称号 贡献 2020年疫情爆发，为了对抗疫情陈薇和她的团队成功研制出抗新冠疫苗,对抗击新冠肺炎做出了巨大贡献 【详解】词汇积累 被叫做：be called → be known as 发生：happen→ break out 最终：finally→ eventually 成功：manage to→ succeed in 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：At the age of 22, she graduated from Zhejiang University. In 1998, she earned a doctorate.    拓展句：At the age of 22, she graduated from Zhejiang University and earned a doctorate in 1998. 【点睛】[高分句型1] At the beginning of 2020, a terrible disease, which was later known as COVID-19 suddenly broke out in some parts of our country. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] After many days' hard work, they eventually succeeded in developing the effective vaccines, for which she was awarded the “People's Hero” national honorary title at the end of 2020. (运用了介词+ which引导的非限制性定语从句) 4．（23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）假定你是李华 ，你校英文校报正在征集关于我国明代（Ming Dynasty）李时珍的文章。请你写一篇短文投稿。 要点如下： 简介 出生于1518年，医学家（medical scientist） 著作 《本草纲目》Ben Cao Gang Mu，中草药（herbs）总集，包含近2,000 种中草药、数百万字（characters），历时37年。 经历和精神 访民间，走群山，尝百草，亲身做实验，不畏艰险 评价和感悟 …… 注意：1.写作词数应为100词左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】      As we all know, Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. He was born in 1518. In his life, not only did he call on ordinary people and visit mountains but he also tasted different kinds of herbs and even carried out experiments with himself, fearless of danger and difficulty. By working hard, he wrote a famous book called Ben Cao Gang Mu, which is a collection of Chinese herbs. It took him 37 years to complete the book including nearly 2, 000 Chinese herbs with millions of Chinese characters, which is considered to have an important influence on the development of Chinese medicine. Li Shizhen is reminded for his great contribution to the world medicine. 【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生写一篇关于我国明代（Ming Dynasty）李时珍的文章投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 有名的：famous→well-known 拜访：call on→visit 进行：carry out→conduct 完成：complete→finish 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：As we all know, Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. He was born in 1518. 拓展句：As we all know, Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, who was born in 1518. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In his life, not only did he call on ordinary people and visit mountains but he also tasted different kinds of herbs and even carried out experiments with himself , fearless of danger and difficulty.(not only...but also连接句子时，not only位于句首，该部分用部分倒装) 【高分句型2】By working hard, he wrote a famous book called Ben Cao Gang Mu , which is a collection of Chinese herbs.(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 5．（24-25高二上·福建厦门·月考）习近平总书记高度关心关怀中国科技事业和广大科学家群体，并提出新时代科学家精神的内涵，即“胸怀祖国、服务人民的爱国精神，勇攀高峰、敢为人先的创新精神，追求真理、严谨治学的求实精神，淡泊名利、潜心研究的奉献精神，集智攻关、团结协作的协同精神，甘为人梯、奖掖后学的育人精神”。你校英文报 “科学家与科学精神”专栏，正在面向全校学生征稿，请你结合总书记的讲话精神，以“What makes a great scientist?”为题写一篇短文投稿，用英文讲一个中国科学家的故事，内容包括： 1. 该科学家的简介； 2. 该科学家的科学精神（举例说明）； 3. 你对该科学家的评价。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】 What makes a great scientist? Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on hybrid rice than Yuan Longping. Born in 1930 in Beijing, Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture to tackle the crisis of serious food shortage. After graduating from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953, Yuan spent over 50 years researching rice, devoting all his time and energy to the study of agriculture. Through intense effort, Yuan successfully developed the first hybrid rice. Because of his research, China’s rice production is increasing rapidly, solving the problem of the lack of food for many countries. As a result, he earned the name of “the father of hybrid rice”. Famous as he was, he lived a simple life and cared little for money or celebrity. On 22 May 2021, the whole country was saddened by Yuan’s death, and people honored and remembered him in different ways. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求以“What makes a great scientist?”为题用英文写一个关于中国科学家的故事。 【详解】1.词汇积累 紧要关头：crisis → emergency 影响：impact → effect 名誉：celebrity → fame/renown 获得：earn → achieve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：After graduating from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953, Yuan spent over 50 years researching rice, devoting all his time and energy to the study of agriculture. 拓展句：After he graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953, Yuan spent over 50 years researching rice, devoting all his time and energy to the study of agriculture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Born in 1930 in Beijing, Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture to tackle the crisis of serious food shortage. (运用了过去分词短语作状语和不定式作目的状语) 【高分句型2】Famous as he was, he lived a simple life and cared little for money or celebrity. (运用了as引导让步状语从句) 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $