内容正文:
译林版八年级英语(下)
单词讲解课件
Unit 8 A green world
讲解内容
经典例题
例句翻译
常用搭配
读音、词性
新单词(预习)
New words
soil 土壤
chemical 化学品的 化学的 化学制品
truck 卡车 载重汽车
unclean 不洁净的
fuel 燃料
pour 倾倒 倒出 倾泻
air conditioning 空调系统
ecofriendly 环保的
separate 使分开 区分
separate into 把分成
recycle 回收利用
level 标准 水平
successfully 有成效地
total 总的
strict 严格的
control 控制
break 违背 使破损
punish 惩罚
fine 对处以罚款
resource 资源
wisely 明智地
run out 用完 耗尽
make a difference 有作用 有影响
management 管理
poster 海报
pollute 污染
affect 影响
gas 气体 汽油 天然气
seabird 海鸟
desertification 沙漠化
hardly 几乎不 几乎没有
singleuse 供一次使用的
secondhand 二手的
battery 电池
electronic 电子的
electricity 电 电能
soil
soil /sɔɪl/n. 土壤
【短语搭配】
rich soil, soil pollution, protect the soil
【原文例句】
There are already a lot of harmful chemicals in the air, water and soil.
【中考考点】
不可数名词
同义词:earth, land(土地)
【经典例题】
Plants need good ________ to grow well.
A. soil B. soils C. soiling D. soiled
答案:A
chemical
chemical /ˈkemɪkl/adj. 化学品的;化学的n. 化学制品
【短语搭配】
chemical waste, chemical reaction, harmful chemicals
【原文例句】
There are already a lot of harmful chemicals in the air, water and soil.
【中考考点】
形容词和可数名词
复数:chemicals
【经典例题】
The factory produces many different ________.
A. chemical B. chemicals C. chemistry D. chemist
答案:B
truck
truck /trʌk/n. 卡车;载重汽车
【短语搭配】
delivery truck, truck driver, truck load
【原文例句】
Noise from trucks and buses on the road.
(路上卡车和公共汽车的噪音。)
【中考考点】
可数名词
英式英语:lorry
【经典例题】
A large ________ was blocking the road.
A. truck B. trucks C. trucking D. trucked
答案:A
unclean
unclean /ˌʌnˈkliːn/adj. 不洁净的
【短语搭配】
unclean water, unclean air, unclean hands
【原文例句】
Burning of unclean fuels.
(燃烧不洁净的燃料。)
【中考考点】
形容词,作定语或表语
前缀 un表示否定
【经典例题】
Don't drink the ________ water from the river.
A. clean B. unclean C. cleaner D. cleanliness
答案:B
fuel
fuel
fuel /ˈfjuːəl/n. 燃料
【短语搭配】
fossil fuel, fuel consumption, save fuel
【原文例句】
Burning of unclean fuels.
(燃烧不洁净的燃料。)
【中考考点】
可数名词和不可数名词
注意发音:/ˈfjuːəl/
【经典例题】
We need to find cleaner ________ for cars.
A. fuel B. fuels C. fueling D. fueled
答案:B
pour
pour /pɔː(r)vt. & vi. 倾倒,倒出;倾泻
【短语搭配】
pour into, pour out, pour water
【原文例句】
Chemicals poured into rivers and lakes.
(化学物质被倒入河流和湖泊。)
【中考考点】
及物和不及物动词
描述液体流动
【经典例题】
She ________ some milk into the glass.
A. pour B. pours C. poured D. pouring
答案:C
air conditioning
air conditioning /eə kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ/n. 空调系统
【短语搭配】
turn on air conditioning, air conditioning unit
【原文例句】
We can also plant more trees or use less air conditioning.
(我们还可以多种树或少用空调。)
【中考考点】
不可数名词
缩写:AC
【经典例题】
The ________ in the office is too cold.
A. air conditioning B. air conditionings C. air conditioner D. air condition
答案:A
eco-friendly
eco-friendly /ˌiːkəʊ ˈfrendli/adj. 环保的
【短语搭配】
eco-friendly products, eco-friendly lifestyle, eco-friendly materials
【原文例句】
We should use more eco-friendly cleaning products.
(我们应该使用更多环保的清洁产品。)
【中考考点】
复合形容词,作定语
同义词:environmentally friendly
【经典例题】
This company produces ________ packaging.
A. eco friend B. eco-friendly C. eco-friendliness D. eco-friend
答案:B
separate
separate /ˈseprət/v. & vi.(使)分开;区分
【短语搭配】
separate from, separate into, separate the waste
【原文例句】
In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled.
【中考考点】
及物和不及物动词
形容词:separate(分开的)
【经典例题】
Please ________ the paper from the plastic.
A. separate B. separates C. separating D. separated
答案:A
separate ... into
separate ... into 把……分成
【短语搭配】
separate into groups, separate into parts
【原文例句】
In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups...
【中考考点】
动词短语,后接复数名词
表示分类或分组
【经典例题】
The teacher ________ the class ________ four teams.
A. separate; into B. separates; into C. separated; into D. separating; into
答案:C
recycle
recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/v. 回收利用
【短语搭配】
recycle paper, recycle plastic, recycling bin
【例句】
We can recycle plastic bottles.
我们可以回收塑胶瓶。
【中考考点】
及物动词
名词形式:recycling(回收利用)
【经典例题】
We should ________ all our plastic bottles.
A. recycle B. recycles C. recycled D. recycling
答案:A
level
level /ˈlevl/n. 标准,水平
【短语搭配】
high level, at the level of, level of education
【原文例句】
In fact, Switzerland has one of the highest levels of waste recycling in the world...
【中考考点】
可数名词
另一意思:层,级别
【经典例题】
Her English has reached a high ________.
A. level B. levels C. leveled D. leveling
答案:A
successfully
successfully /səkˈsesfəli/adv. 有成效地
【短语搭配】
successfully complete, successfully finish, successfully achieve
【原文例句】
...it successfully recycles more than 50% of its total waste.
【中考考点】
副词,修饰动词
形容词形式:successful(成功的)
【经典例题】
The team ________ finished the project on time.
A. success B. successful C. successfully D. successes
答案:C
total
total /ˈtəʊtl/adj. 总的
【短语搭配】
total number, total amount, in total
【原文例句】
...it successfully recycles more than 50% of its total waste.
【中考考点】
形容词,作定语
名词:total(总数)
【经典例题】
What is the ________ cost of the trip?
A. total B. totals C. totally D. totalness
答案:A
strict
strict /strɪkt/adj. 严格的
【短语搭配】
strict rules, be strict with, strict parents
【原文例句】
There are strict rules about how many trees people are allowed to cut down...
【中考考点】
形容词,作定语或表语
常用结构:be strict with sb(对某人严格)
【经典例题】
Our teacher is very ________ about homework.
A. strict B. stricter C. strictly D. strictness
答案:A
control
control /kənˈtrəʊl/v. & n. 控制
【短语搭配】
control pollution, under control, lose control
【原文例句】
...as well as laws to control air and water pollution.
【中考考点】
及物动词和名词
名词为不可数
【经典例题】
The government is trying to ________ the spread of the disease.
A. control B. controls C. controlled D. controlling
答案:A
break
break /breɪk/vt. & vi. 违背;(使)破损
【短语搭配】
break the rules, break the law, break down
【原文例句】
When people break these rules, they will be punished.
(当人们违反这些规则时,他们将受到惩罚。)
【中考考点】
及物和不及物动词
过去式 broke,过去分词 broken
【经典例题】
You will be fined if you ________ the traffic rules.
A. break B. breaks C. broke D. broken
答案:A
punish
punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/v. & vi. 惩罚
【短语搭配】
punish sb for, punish by law, severely punish
【原文例句】
When people break these rules, they will be punished.
(当人们违反这些规则时,他们将受到惩罚。)
【中考考点】
及物动词,后接宾语
名词形式:punishment
【经典例题】
The teacher ________ the student for cheating.
A. punish B. punishes C. punished D. punishing
答案:C
fine
fine /faɪn/vt. 对……处以罚款
【短语搭配】
fine sb for, get fined, heavy fine
【原文例句】
...if we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police.
【中考考点】
及物动词,常用被动语态
同形形容词:fine(好的;晴朗的)
【经典例题】
He was ________ for parking in the wrong place.
A. fine B. fines C. fined D. fining
答案:C
resource
resource /rɪˈsɔːs/n. 资源
【短语搭配】
natural resources, resource management, limited resources
【原文例句】
We depend on its rich resources to live...
(我们依靠它丰富的资源生存……)
【中考考点】
可数名词,常用复数
指自然资源
【经典例题】
We must protect our natural ________.
A. resource B. resources C. resourcing D. resourced
答案:B
wisely
wisely /ˈwaɪzli/adv. 明智地
【短语搭配】
choose wisely, use wisely, wisely decide
【原文例句】
...so it is important for us to protect it wisely.
(……因此对我们来说明智地保护它很重要。)
【中考考点】
副词,修饰动词
形容词形式:wise(明智的)
【经典例题】
He ________ saved his money for the future.
A. wise B. wiser C. wisely D. wisdom
答案:C
run out用完,耗尽
【短语搭配】
run out of, time runs out, run out soon
【原文例句】
These new types of energy will never run out.
(这些新型能源将永远不会耗尽。)
【中考考点】
动词短语,不及物
及物用法:run out of sth(用完某物)
【经典例题】
We need to buy more milk—we've ________.
A. run out B. run out of C. ran out D. running out
答案:A
make a difference 有作用,有影响
【短语搭配】
make a big difference, make no difference, make a positive difference
【原文例句】
Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!
(记住,每个人都可以做点有影响的事!)
【中考考点】
动词短语,difference 前可加形容词
表示“产生变化或影响”
【经典例题】
Your help will ________ to the children's lives.
A. make a difference B. make difference C. make the difference D. make differences
答案:A
management /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/n. 管理
【短语搭配】
waste management, management skills, under management
【原文例句】
There are strict laws about waste management in the city.
(这个城市有严格的废物管理法律。)
【中考考点】
不可数名词
动词形式:manage(管理)
【经典例题】
Good time ________ is important for success.
A. manage B. manages C. management D. manager
答案:C
poster /ˈpəʊstə(r)n. 海报
【短语搭配】
movie poster, put up posters, poster design
【原文例句】
Posters will be designed by Sandy for the activities.
(海报将由桑迪为活动设计。)
【中考考点】
可数名词
同义词:notice, advertisement
【经典例题】
They put up ________ to advertise the school play.
A. poster B. posters C. poster's D. posters'
答案:B
pollute
pollute /pəˈluːt/vt. 污染
【短语搭配】
pollute the air, pollute rivers, heavily polluted
【原文例句】
In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers, so many of them are polluted.
【中考考点】
及物动词
名词形式:pollution(污染)
【经典例题】
Factories should not ________ the environment.
A. pollute B. pollutes C. polluted D. polluting
答案:A
affect
affect /əˈfekt/vt. 影响
【短语搭配】
affect health, seriously affect, negatively affect
【原文例句】
In some cities, people’s health is affected by air pollution.
【中考考点】
及物动词,后接宾语
注意与 effect(n. 影响)区分
【经典例题】
The bad weather ________ our travel plans.
A. affect B. affects C. affected D. affecting
答案:C
gas
gas /ɡæs/n. 气体;汽油;天然气
【短语搭配】
harmful gases, natural gas, gas station
【原文例句】
Harmful gases in the air make people ill...
(空气中的有害气体使人生病……)
【中考考点】
可数名词(指气体种类)
不可数名词(指汽油、天然气)
【经典例题】
Cars produce exhaust ________ that pollute the air.
A. gas B. gases C. gasses D. gas's
答案:B
seabird
seabird /ˈsiːbɜːd/n. 海鸟
【短语搭配】
protect seabirds, seabird species, seabird habitat
【原文例句】
Sadly, over one million seabirds and over 100,000 sea animals died because of this.
【中考考点】
可数名词
复合词:sea(海)+ bird(鸟)
【经典例题】
Many ________ are dying from plastic pollution.
A. seabird B. seabirds C. seabird's D. seabirds'
答案:B
desertification
desertification /dɪˌzɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 沙漠化
【短语搭配】
fight desertification, prevent desertification, desertification problem
【原文例句】
...desertification has been a problem across almost 30% of the earth’s land.
【中考考点】
不可数名词
动词形式:desertify(沙漠化)
【经典例题】
________ is a serious environmental problem in some areas.
A. Desert B. Desertification C. Deserted D. Deserting
答案:B
hardly
hardly /ˈhɑːdli/adv. 几乎不,几乎没有
【短语搭配】
hardly ever, hardly any, hardly believe
【原文例句】
It hardly had any plants.
(它几乎没有任何植物。)
【中考考点】
副词,表示否定
位于句首时句子要倒装
【经典例题】
I ________ know anyone at the party.
A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest
答案:B
single-use
single-use /ˌsɪŋɡl ˈjuːs/adj. 供一次使用的
【短语搭配】
single-use plastics, single-use products, single-use items
【原文例句】
Say no to single-use plastic bags and bottles.
(对一次性塑料袋和瓶子说“不”。)
【中考考点】
复合形容词,作定语
同义词:disposable
【经典例题】
We should reduce the use of ________ plastic products.
A. single use B. single-use C. single using D. single used
答案:B
second-hand
second-hand /ˌsekənd ˈhænd/adj. 二手的
【短语搭配】
second-hand clothes, second-hand books, second-hand shop
【原文例句】
Shop in second-hand stores.
(在二手商店购物。)
【中考考点】
复合形容词,作定语
也可作副词:buy second-hand(买二手货)
【经典例题】
He bought a ________ car to save money.
A. second hand B. second-hand C. second handed D. second handing
答案:B
battery
battery /ˈbætri; ˈbætərin. 电池
【短语搭配】
rechargeable battery, battery life, car battery
【原文例句】
Don’t forget to collect batteries and electronic products for recycling too.
(别忘了也收集电池和电子产品进行回收。)
【中考考点】
可数名词
复数:batteries
【经典例题】
The remote control needs new ________.
A. battery B. batteries C. battery's D. batteries'
答案:B
electronic
electronic /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/adj. 电子的
【短语搭配】
electronic devices, electronic music, electronic waste
【原文例句】
Don’t forget to collect batteries and electronic products for recycling too.
(别忘了也收集电池和电子产品进行回收。)
【中考考点】
形容词,作定语
名词形式:electronics(电子学;电子设备)
【经典例题】
Most ________ products contain harmful chemicals.
A. electric B. electronic C. electrical D. electricity
答案:B
electricity
electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/n. 电,电能
【短语搭配】
save electricity, electricity bill, generate electricity
【原文例句】
We can turn off lights when leaving a room to save electricity.
(我们可以在离开房间时关灯以节省电力。)
【中考考点】
不可数名词
形容词:electric(电动的);electrical(电的)
【经典例题】
The storm cut off the ________ supply to the town.
A. electric B. electrical C. electricity D. electronic
答案:C
新单词(复习)
New words
soil 土壤
chemical 化学品的 化学的 化学制品
truck 卡车 载重汽车
unclean 不洁净的
fuel 燃料
pour 倾倒 倒出 倾泻
air conditioning 空调系统
ecofriendly 环保的
separate 使分开 区分
separate into 把分成
recycle 回收利用
level 标准 水平
successfully 有成效地
total 总的
strict 严格的
control 控制
break 违背 使破损
punish 惩罚
fine 对处以罚款
resource 资源
wisely 明智地
run out 用完 耗尽
make a difference 有作用 有影响
management 管理
poster 海报
pollute 污染
affect 影响
gas 气体 汽油 天然气
seabird 海鸟
desertification 沙漠化
hardly 几乎不 几乎没有
singleuse 供一次使用的
secondhand 二手的
battery 电池
electronic 电子的
electricity 电 电能
感谢聆听 批评指导
Thanks for listening
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