内容正文:
Unit 4 Sports 知识清单
单词考点
序号
知识点
1
sport n. 运动;体育活动 ball sports 球类运动;water sports 水上运动;do sports 做运动;play sports 进行体育锻炼
2
game n. 游戏;比赛 ball game 球类比赛;football game 足球赛;play a game 玩游戏
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match n. 比赛;竞赛 football match 足球比赛;tennis match 网球赛;watch a match 看比赛
4
activity n. 活动 sports activities 体育活动;outdoor activities 户外活动;after-school activities 课外活动
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player n. 运动员;选手 football player 足球运动员;team player 团队选手;top player 顶尖选手
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team n. 队;团队 football team 足球队;team work 团队合作;be on a team 加入团队
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field n. 场地 sports field 运动场;football field 足球场;play on the field 在场上比赛
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gym n. 体育馆;健身房 go to the gym 去体育馆;gym class 体育课
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track n. 跑道;轨道 running track 跑道;on the track 在跑道上
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court n. 球场 basketball court 篮球场;tennis court 网球场;volleyball court 排球场
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race n. 赛跑;竞赛 100-meter race 百米赛跑;relay race 接力赛;run a race 参加赛跑
12
jump v. & n. 跳;跳跃 high jump 跳高;long jump 跳远;jump high 跳得高
13
run v. 跑;奔跑 run fast 跑得快;long-distance run 长跑;go running 去跑步
14
swim v. 游泳(过去式/过去分词:swam/swum) go swimming 去游泳;swim in the pool 在泳池游泳
15
play v. 玩;打(球) play football 踢足球;play basketball 打篮球;play tennis 打网球
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kick v. 踢 kick the ball 踢球;kick a goal 进球;shuttlecock kicking 踢毽子
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throw v. 投;掷;扔(过去式/过去分词:threw/thrown) throw the ball 传球;throw far 扔得远
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catch v. 接住;抓住(过去式/过去分词:caught/caught) catch the ball 接球;catch up 追上
19
score v. 得分;进球 score a goal 进球得分;score points 得分;n. 分数;得分 high score 高分
20
win v. 赢;获胜(过去式/过去分词:won/won) win the game 赢得比赛;win a prize 获奖;winner n. 获胜者
21
safety n. 安全;平安 sports safety 运动安全;personal safety 人身安全;safe adj. 安全的
22
gear n. 设备;用具 sports gear 运动装备;protective gear 防护装备;helmet n. 头盔
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hurt v. 受伤;感到疼痛 get hurt 受伤;hurt one’s ankle 伤到脚踝;adj. 受伤的 be hurt 受伤的
24
break v. 打破;折断(过去式/过去分词:broke/broken) break a record 打破纪录;break a leg 腿部骨折
25
exercise n. 锻炼;运动 do exercise 锻炼身体;morning exercise 早操;eye exercises 眼保健操;v. 锻炼 exercise every day 每天锻炼
26
fit adj. 健康的;合适的 keep fit 保持健康;fit for sports 适合运动;fitness n. 健康;健身
27
strong adj. 强壮的;有力的 strong body 强壮的身体;strong muscles 强健的肌肉;strengthen v. 增强
28
fast adj. & adv. 快的;快速地 run fast 跑得快;fast runner 跑得快的人;fast pace 快节奏
29
quick adj. 快的;迅速的 quick reaction 快速反应;quick movement 敏捷的动作;quickly adv. 快速地
30
excited adj. 兴奋的;激动的 be excited about 对……感到兴奋;exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 exciting match 激动人心的比赛
31
relax v. 放松;休息 relax after sports 运动后放松;relaxation n. 放松 muscle relaxation 肌肉放松
32
energy n. 能量;精力 full of energy 充满精力;save energy 节省能量;energetic adj. 精力充沛的
33
health n. 健康 good health 身体健康;health benefits 健康益处;healthy adj. 健康的 healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
34
skill n. 技能;技巧 sports skills 运动技能;basic skills 基本技能;improve skills 提升技能
35
rule n. 规则;规定 game rules 比赛规则;follow rules 遵守规则;break rules 违反规则
课文考点
序号
知识点
1
疑问词 what/who 的用法 - 疑问词 what: ① 询问事物(运动、物品等):What sports do you like? 你喜欢什么运动?;What do you need for sports? 你运动需要什么? ② 询问活动:What are you doing on Sports Day? 运动会那天你要做什么?;What does the STEM club do? STEM社团做什么? ③ 作主语时,无需加助动词 do/does:What happened in the match? 比赛中发生了什么?;What makes sports fun? 什么让运动有趣?- 疑问词 who: ① 询问人(运动员、队友等):Who is your favourite sports star? 你最喜欢的体育明星是谁?;Who do you play basketball with? 你和谁一起打篮球? ② 作主语时,无需加助动词 do/does:Who won the race? 谁赢得了赛跑?;Who wants to join the football team? 谁想加入足球队?- 句型结构对比: 作宾语(加助动词):What do you play? 你玩什么(运动)?;Who does she train with? 她和谁一起训练? 作主语(不加助动词):What is your favourite sport? 你最喜欢的运动是什么?;Who is the best player in the team? 队里谁是最好的选手?
2
频度副词(Adverbs of frequency) - 常见频度副词(按频率从高到低):always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、rarely(罕见地)、never(从不)- 位置规则: ① 位于 be 动词之后:He is always the first to arrive at the gym. 他总是第一个到体育馆;They are often late for practice. 他们训练经常迟到。 ② 位于实义动词之前:I usually play football after school. 我通常放学后踢足球;She often goes swimming on weekends. 她经常周末去游泳。- 句型转换: 否定句:He never breaks the game rules. 他从不违反比赛规则;She doesn’t often play tennis. 她不常打网球。 疑问句:Do you sometimes play badminton? 你有时打羽毛球吗?;How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次?
3
词汇语义网(Word group)—— 运动相关核心分类
类别
核心词汇
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球类运动(Ball sports)
football(足球)、basketball(篮球)、tennis(网球)、volleyball(排球)、badminton(羽毛球)、baseball(棒球)、table tennis(乒乓球)、Frisbee(飞盘)
田径运动(Athletics)
running(跑步)、sprint(短跑)、long-distance run(长跑)、high jump(跳高)、long jump(跳远)、shot-put(推铅球)、relay race(接力赛)
其他运动(Other sports)
swimming(游泳)、rock climbing(攀岩)、kung fu(功夫)、jogging(慢跑)、cycling(骑行)、rope skipping(跳绳)、shuttlecock kicking(踢毽子)、tug of war(拔河)
运动装备(Sports gear)
football(足球)、basketball(篮球)、racket(球拍)、helmet(头盔)、running shoes(跑鞋)、sports clothes(运动服)、rope(绳子)、shuttlecock(毽子)
运动场地(Sports places)
sports field(运动场)、gym(体育馆)、basketball court(篮球场)、tennis court(网球场)、running track(跑道)、swimming pool(游泳池)、climbing wall(攀岩墙)
运动动作(Sports actions)
run(跑)、jump(跳)、kick(踢)、throw(掷)、catch(接)、shoot(射)、score(得分)、climb(爬)、swim(游)、play(打、踢)
运动安全(Sports safety)
warm up(热身)、wear protective gear(穿戴防护装备)、follow rules(遵守规则)、don’t get hurt(避免受伤)、drink water(喝水)、don’t run too fast(不要跑太快)
4
发音重点:字母组合 ei、ea、ee 的常见发音 - ei: /eɪ/:eight、weight、neighbour、they、grey;- ea: /iː/:tea、team、easy、eat、clean; /e/:bread、head、ready、weather; /eɪ/:break、great;- ee: /iː/:bee、see、feel、keep、meet、feet。
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书面表达——我的最喜欢的运动时刻(A sports report) - 结构:开篇点题(点明运动项目、时间地点)→ 描述过程(动作、场景、感受)→ 结尾总结(收获、感悟)- 常用表达: ① 开篇:It’s Sports Day! I took part in the 100-meter race. It was one of the most exciting moments in my life. 今天是运动会!我参加了百米赛跑,这是我人生中最激动人心的时刻之一。 ② 过程描述:At the starting line, I felt a little nervous but excited. When the gun fired, I ran as fast as I could. My classmates cheered for me loudly. Finally, I crossed the finish line and won the second place. 在起跑线上,我有点紧张但很兴奋;发令枪响后,我拼尽全力奔跑;同学们大声为我加油;最后,我冲过终点线,获得了第二名。 ③ 结尾:This experience taught me that perseverance is important. Sports not only makes me strong but also brings me happiness and friendship. 这次经历让我明白坚持很重要,运动不仅让我变得强壮,还带给我快乐和友谊。
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情景交际——运动相关交流 - 询问运动喜好: What sports do you like best? 你最喜欢什么运动?;I like basketball best because it’s exciting. 我最喜欢篮球,因为它很刺激。 Do you often play sports? 你经常做运动吗?;Yes, I go running every morning. 是的,我每天早上跑步。- 谈论运动安全: What should we do before sports? 运动前我们应该做什么?;We should warm up and wear sports clothes. 我们应该热身并穿上运动服。 You look hurt. What’s the matter? 你看起来受伤了,怎么了?;I fell when playing football. My knee hurts a little. 我踢足球时摔倒了,膝盖有点疼。- 表达关心与建议: You’d better rest and put some ice on it. 你最好休息一下,在上面敷点冰。;Don’t run too fast next time. Safety first! 下次别跑太快,安全第一!- 谈论比赛结果: Who won the basketball match? 篮球比赛谁赢了?;Our class won! We scored 56 points. 我们班赢了!我们得了56分。
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常见搭配(Word partner)—— 运动相关动词+名词 - play + 球类运动:play football(踢足球)、play basketball(打篮球)、play tennis(打网球)、play badminton(打羽毛球)、play table tennis(打乒乓球)- do + 非球类运动/锻炼:do exercise(锻炼身体)、do kung fu(练功夫)、do sit-ups(做仰卧起坐)、do pull-ups(做引体向上)- go + 户外/水上运动:go running(去跑步)、go swimming(去游泳)、go cycling(去骑行)、go hiking(去徒步)- 其他常用搭配:have a match(进行比赛)、take part in(参加)、win the game(赢得比赛)、break a record(打破纪录)、improve skills(提升技能)、follow rules(遵守规则)、warm up(热身)
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文化常识——不同国家的国球/特色运动 - 中国:乒乓球(table tennis)是国球,普及度高,技术水平世界领先;功夫(kung fu)是特色运动,融合武术与养生,享誉世界。- 英国:板球(cricket)是国球,是英国人最喜爱的团队运动之一,体现绅士风度与团队协作。- 挪威:越野滑雪(cross-country skiing)是国民运动,因冬季多雪,滑雪成为日常锻炼和休闲的重要方式。- 马来西亚:藤球(sepaktakraw)是特色运动,结合排球与足球的特点,禁止用手触球,考验身体协调性。
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“运动与健康”核心句型 - 建议类:You should exercise for 30 minutes every day. 你应该每天锻炼30分钟;Why not join the football team? 为什么不加入足球队呢?;It’s a good idea to warm up before sports. 运动前热身是个好主意。- 描述类:Playing sports makes us strong and healthy. 做运动让我们强壮健康;She is good at running. She runs very fast. 她擅长跑步,跑得很快;Our team worked together and won the match. 我们团队合作,赢得了比赛。- 感悟类:Sports teach us teamwork and perseverance. 运动教会我们团队合作和坚持;I love sports because they bring me joy and confidence. 我喜欢运动,因为它们带给我快乐和自信;Safety is more important than winning. 安全比获胜更重要。
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一般现在时与一般过去时对比(运动场景) - 一般现在时:表习惯性运动、客观事实、能力描述,常配频度副词; 例:I play basketball every Saturday. 我每周六打篮球;He is good at swimming. 他擅长游泳;Football is a popular sport. 足球是一项受欢迎的运动。- 一般过去时:表过去发生的运动、比赛、经历,常配过去时间状语(yesterday、last week、on Sports Day); 例:I won the long jump yesterday. 我昨天赢得了跳远比赛;We played a football match last Sunday. 我们上周日踢了一场足球赛;She hurt her ankle in the game. 她在比赛中伤到了脚踝。
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