Unit 5 单词讲解课件-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

译林版八年级英语（下） 单词讲解课件 Unit 5 Good manners 讲解内容 经典例题 例句翻译 常用搭配 读音、词性 新单词（预习） New words manners 礼仪 礼貌 litter 垃圾 tap 水龙头 wait in line 排队等候 patiently 耐心地 congratulation 祝贺 hallway 走廊 正门过道 on time 准时 feel at home 舒服自在 不拘束 normally 通常 address 称呼某人 politeness 礼貌 realize 意识到 behave 表现 differently 不同地 praise 称赞 赞美 pleased 高兴 reply 回答 答复 modest 谦虚的 openly 公开地 毫不隐瞒地 host 主人 hospitable 好客的 热情友好的 plate 盘子 碟子 refuse 拒绝 回绝 used to sthdoing sth 习惯于某事物 适应某事物 fully 完全地 全部地 充分地 新单词（预习） New words all at once 一起 同时 jump the line 插队 loudly 吵闹地 push 挤开 推动 past 在另一边 到另一侧 in ones way 挡道 discussion 讨论 promise 承诺 许诺 keep ones word 信守诺言 pear 梨 even though 尽管 即使 belong 应在某处 适应 belong to 属于 respectfully 尊敬地 move 使感动 打动 earphone 耳机 circle 圆圈 tip 小费 peaceful 安静的 平静的 impolite 失礼的 粗鲁的 hug 拥抱 kiss 亲吻 quietly 安静地 平静地 rush 急促 仓促行事 冲 unless 除非 tasty 美味的 可口的 manners manners /ˈmænəz/n. [pl.] 礼仪，礼貌 【短语搭配】 good manners, bad manners, table manners 【原文例句】 Good manners and kindness are always in fashion. （良好的礼仪和善意永不过时。） 【中考考点】 总是以复数形式出现 指具体礼仪行为时常用复数 【经典例题】 It is good ________ to say "please" and "thank you". A. manner B. manners C. mannered D. mannerly 答案：B litter litter /ˈlɪtə(r)n. 垃圾 【短语搭配】 drop litter, pick up litter, litter bin 【例句】 If you see litter in the corridor, pick it up. 如果你看到走廊里有垃圾，就把它捡起来。【中考考点】 不可数名词 动词形式：litter（乱扔垃圾） 【经典例题】 Please don't throw ________ on the ground. A. litter B. litters C. littering D. littered 答案：A tap tap /tæp/n. 水龙头 【短语搭配】 turn on the tap, tap water, hot water tap 【原文例句】 Leave the tap running. （让水龙头一直开着。） 【中考考点】 可数名词 英式英语；美式英语用 faucet 【经典例题】 Don't forget to turn off the ________ after washing your hands. A. tap B. taps C. tape D. tapping 答案：A wait in line wait in line排队等候 【短语搭配】 wait in line patiently, wait in line for 【原文例句】 Wait in line patiently. （耐心排队等候。） 【中考考点】 动词短语，不及物 line 前不加冠词 【经典例题】 We had to ________ for over an hour to get tickets. A. wait line B. wait in line C. wait on line D. wait for line 答案：B patiently patiently /ˈpeɪʃntli/adv. 耐心地 【短语搭配】 wait patiently, listen patiently 【原文例句】 Wait in line patiently. （耐心排队等候。） 【中考考点】 副词，修饰动词 形容词形式：patient（耐心的） 【经典例题】 The teacher explained the problem ________ to the students. A. patient B. patients C. patiently D. patience 答案：C congratulation congratulation /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/n. 祝贺 【短语搭配】 Congratulations!, send congratulations 【原文例句】 Congratulations, Shirley. You're a primary school student now! （祝贺你，雪莉。你现在是小学生了！） 【中考考点】 常用复数形式 congratulations 后可接 on sth 【经典例题】 ________ on your success in the competition! A. Congratulation B. Congratulations C. Congratulating D. Congratulate 答案：B hallway hallway /ˈhɔːlweɪ/n. 走廊；正门过道 【短语搭配】 school hallway, long hallway, walk down the hallway 【原文例句】 Remember, you shouldn't run in the hallways after class. （记住，课后不应该在走廊里奔跑。） 【中考考点】 可数名词 同义词：corridor 【经典例题】 The students lined up in the ________ before entering the classroom. A. hallway B. hallways C. hall way D. hallways' 答案：A on time on time 准时 【短语搭配】 arrive on time, be on time for 【原文例句】 And don't forget to come back to class on time. （别忘了准时回教室。） 【中考考点】 介词短语，作状语 区别于 in time（及时） 【经典例题】 The train arrived ________ at 9:00 AM. A. on time B. in time C. at time D. by time 答案：A feel at home feel at home 舒服自在，不拘束 【短语搭配】 make sb feel at home, feel at home with 【原文例句】 My Chinese friends are kind enough to make me feel at home... （我的中国朋友们很友好，让我感到宾至如归……） 【中考考点】 动词短语，表示放松舒适的状态 可接地方或人群作宾语 【经典例题】 The host family made us ________ during our stay. A. feel at home B. feel home C. feel like home D. feel at house 答案：A normally normally /ˈnɔːməli/adv. 通常 【短语搭配】 normally do, normally used, normally open 【原文例句】 For example, they normally use nin to address others in a formal situation. 【中考考点】 副词，表示通常情况 同义词：usually, generally 【经典例题】 I ________ go to bed at 10:00 PM. A. normal B. normally C. normality D. normalize 答案：B address address /əˈdres/vt. 称呼（某人） 【短语搭配】 address sb as, address by name, properly address 【原文例句】 ...they normally use nin to address others in a formal situation. 【中考考点】 及物动词，后接人作宾语 更常见词义：地址（n.） 【经典例题】 How should I ________ the teacher—Mr. Li or Teacher Li? A. address B. addresses C. addressing D. addressed 答案：A politeness politeness /pəˈlaɪtnəs/n. 礼貌 【短语搭配】 show politeness, with politeness, politeness strategy 【原文例句】 If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can’t go wrong with nin. 【中考考点】 不可数名词 形容词形式：polite（有礼貌的） 【经典例题】 He always speaks with great ________ to older people. A. polite B. politely C. politeness D. politer 答案：C realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/vt. (= realise) 意识到 【短语搭配】 realize that, realize the importance, suddenly realize 【原文例句】 I’ve also realized that the Chinese behave differently to the British when it comes to praise. 【中考考点】 及物动词，后可接名词、从句 注意英式拼写 realise 【经典例题】 I didn't ________ how late it was until my mother called me. A. realize B. realizes C. realizing D. realized 答案：D behave /bɪˈheɪv/vi. 表现 【短语搭配】 behave well, behave badly, behave oneself 【原文例句】 I’ve also realized that the Chinese behave differently to the British when it comes to praise. 【中考考点】 不及物动词 反身动词：behave oneself（表现规矩） 【经典例题】 The children ________ very well at the party. A. behave B. behaves C. behaved D. behaving 答案：C differently /ˈdɪfrəntli/adv. 不同地 【短语搭配】 think differently, act differently, see differently 【原文例句】 I’ve also realized that the Chinese behave differently to the British when it comes to praise. 【中考考点】 副词，修饰动词 形容词形式：different（不同的） 【经典例题】 People from different cultures may ________ the same situation. A. differ B. different C. differently D. difference 答案：C praise praise praise /preɪz/n. & vt. 称赞，赞美 【短语搭配】 praise sb for, high praise, praise and criticism 【原文例句】 I’ve also realized that the Chinese behave differently to the British when it comes to praise. 【中考考点】 名词（不可数）和动词 常见搭配：praise sb for sth 【经典例题】 The teacher ________ the student for his hard work. A. praise B. praises C. praised D. praising 答案：C pleased pleased /pliːzd/adj. 高兴 【短语搭配】 be pleased with, pleased to do, look pleased 【原文例句】 If someone says my Chinese is good, I’ll be pleased and tell them I love learning the language. 【中考考点】 形容词，作表语 常用结构：be pleased to do sth 【经典例题】 I'm very ________ to meet you. A. please B. pleased C. pleasing D. pleasure 答案：B reply reply /rɪˈplaɪ/vt. & vi. 回答，答复 【短语搭配】 reply to, reply with, in reply to 【原文例句】 But when I praise my Chinese friends, instead of saying “Thank you”, they often smile and reply, “Nali, nali.” 【中考考点】 不及物动词，后接 to + 宾语 及物动词，直接接宾语（回答的内容） 【经典例题】 I wrote him a letter but he hasn't ________ yet. A. reply B. replies C. replied D. replying 答案：C modest modest /ˈmɒdɪst/adj. 谦虚的 【短语搭配】 be modest about, modest person, modest success 【原文例句】 They are too modest to accept praise openly. （他们太谦虚了，不愿公开接受赞美。） 【中考考点】 形容词，多形容人的品质 反义词：proud（骄傲的） 【经典例题】 Even though he is very successful, he remains ________. A. modest B. modesty C. modestly D. modestness 答案：A openly openly /ˈəʊpənli/adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地 【短语搭配】 talk openly, openly admit, openly criticize 【原文例句】 They are too modest to accept praise openly. （他们太谦虚了，不愿公开接受赞美。） 【中考考点】 副词，修饰动词 形容词形式：open（公开的） 【经典例题】 They ________ discussed their problems with the teacher. A. open B. opened C. openly D. opening 答案：C host host /həʊst/n. 主人 【短语搭配】 host family, host country, host a party 【原文例句】 One day, my host was nice enough to invite me to dinner... （一天，我的房东很友好地邀请我吃晚饭……） 【中考考点】 可数名词 动词形式：host（主办；主持） 【经典例题】 Our ________ showed us around the city. A. host B. hosts C. hosted D. hosting 答案：A hospitable hospitable /hɒˈspɪtəbl/adj. 好客的，热情友好的 【短语搭配】 hospitable people, hospitable reception 【原文例句】 One day, my host was nice enough to invite me to dinner, and he was so hospitable. 【中考考点】 形容词，多形容人或行为 名词形式：hospitality（好客） 【经典例题】 The local people are very ________ to tourists. A. hospital B. hospitable C. hospitably D. hospitality 答案：B plate plate /pleɪt/n. 盘子，碟子 【短语搭配】 dinner plate, paper plate, on a plate 【原文例句】 He was telling me to eat more and kept putting food on my plate. 【中考考点】 可数名词 注意与“dish”（一盘菜；碟子）的区别 【经典例题】 She put the cake on a small ________. A. plate B. plates C. plating D. plated 答案：A refuse refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/vi. & vt. 拒绝，回绝 【短语搭配】 refuse to do, refuse an offer, politely refuse 【原文例句】 I ate so much because I was too polite to refuse! （我吃了很多，因为太有礼貌而不愿拒绝！） 【中考考点】 及物动词：后接名词或不定式 不及物动词：单独使用 【经典例题】 He ________ to answer the question. A. refuse B. refuses C. refused D. refusing 答案：C used to sth/doing sth used to sth/doing sth 习惯于某事（物），适应某事（物） 【短语搭配】 get used to, be used to, become used to 【原文例句】 It can be hard at first to get used to all these differences. 【中考考点】 后接名词、代词或动名词 区别于 used to do（过去常常） 【经典例题】 I'm ________ the cold weather here now. A. used to B. use to C. using to D. used for 答案：A fully fully /ˈfʊli/adv. 完全地，全部地，充分地 【短语搭配】 fully understand, fully developed, fully agree 【原文例句】 To enjoy world travel fully, it is not a good idea to try and do too much all at once. 【中考考点】 副词，修饰动词或形容词 形容词形式：full（满的） 【经典例题】 I ________ support your decision. A. full B. fully C. fullness D. fuller 答案：B all at once all at once 一起；同时 【短语搭配】 happen all at once, do all at once 【原文例句】 To enjoy world travel fully, it is not a good idea to try and do too much all at once. 【中考考点】 副词短语，作状语 表示“同时发生” 【经典例题】 Don't try to learn everything ________. A. all at once B. at once all C. once all at D. all once at 答案：A jump the line 插队 【短语搭配】 don't jump the line, jump the queue（英式） 【原文例句】 Please wait patiently enough to let everyone get their turn. Don’t jump the line. （请耐心等待让每个人轮到自己。不要插队。） 【中考考点】 动词短语，不及物 口语表达，正式表达：cut in line 【经典例题】 It's impolite to ________ in public places. A. jump line B. jump the line C. jump lines D. jump the lines 答案：B loudly loudly /ˈlaʊdli/adv. 吵闹地 【短语搭配】 speak loudly, laugh loudly, play loudly 【原文例句】 Please keep quiet. Don’t talk too loudly. （请保持安静。不要说话太大声。） 【中考考点】 副词，修饰动词 形容词形式：loud（大声的） 【经典例题】 The children were playing ________ in the garden. A. loud B. loudly C. louder D. loudness 答案：B push /pʊʃ/vi. & vt. 挤开；推动 【短语搭配】 push open, push through, push button 【原文例句】 Also, they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way. 【中考考点】 及物和不及物动词 反义词：pull（拉） 【经典例题】 Please don't ________ others when getting on the bus. A. push B. pushes C. pushing D. pushed 答案：A past /pɑːst/prep. 在另一边，到另一侧 【短语搭配】 walk past, go past, run past 【原文例句】 Also, they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way. 【中考考点】 介词，表示“经过” 其他词性：adj.（过去的）；n.（过去） 【经典例题】 He walked ________ me without saying a word. A. pass B. past C. passed D. passing 答案：B in one's way in one's way 挡道 【短语搭配】 be in the way, get in one's way 【原文例句】 Also, they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way. 【中考考点】 介词短语，表示“妨碍某人” one's 需根据主语变化 【经典例题】 Could you move your bike? It's ________. A. in my way B. on my way C. by my way D. at my way 答案：A discussion discussion /dɪˈskʌʃn/n. 讨论 【短语搭配】 have a discussion, under discussion, group discussion 【原文例句】 The time for discussion is past. 讨论的时间已过。 【中考考点】 可数名词（指具体讨论）和不可数名词（指讨论活动） 动词形式：discuss 【经典例题】 We had a long ________ about the problem. A. discuss B. discusses C. discussion D. discussing 答案：C promise promise /ˈprɒmɪs/vt. & vi. 承诺，许诺 【短语搭配】 promise to do, promise sb sth, make a promise 【原文例句】 If he promised others something, he always kept his word. 【中考考点】 及物动词：后接不定式或从句 名词：promise（诺言） 【经典例题】 She ________ to help me with my homework. A. promise B. promises C. promised D. promising 答案：C keep one's word 信守诺言 【短语搭配】 always keep one's word, fail to keep one's word 【原文例句】 If he promised others something, he always kept his word. 【中考考点】 固定短语，word 用单数 反义词：break one's word（食言） 【经典例题】 You should ________ if you want people to trust you. A. keep your word B. keep your words C. keep word D. keep words 答案：A pear /peə(r)n. 梨 【短语搭配】 pear tree, a piece of pear, sweet pear 【原文例句】 They found a pear tree beside the road, so they each picked a pear and ate it. 【中考考点】 可数名词 注意发音：/peə(r)/ 【经典例题】 Would you like an apple or a ________? A. pear B. pears C. pear's D. pears' 答案：A even though 尽管；即使 【短语搭配】 even though, even if 【原文例句】 ...even though no one knew who the pear tree belonged to. （……尽管没人知道这棵梨树属于谁。） 【中考考点】 引导让步状语从句 语气比 although 更强 【经典例题】 ________ it was raining, they went out for a walk. A. Even though B. Even C. Though even D. Even as 答案：A belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/vi. 应在（某处）；适应 【短语搭配】 belong here, belong together, belong in 【原文例句】 ...even though no one knew who the pear tree belonged to. （……尽管没人知道这棵梨树属于谁。） 【中考考点】 不及物动词，不用于进行时 常与介词 to 连用 【经典例题】 This book ________ to the school library. A. belong B. belongs C. belonging D. belonged 答案：B belong to 属于 【短语搭配】 belong to sb, belong to a group 【原文例句】 ...even though no one knew who the pear tree belonged to. （……尽管没人知道这棵梨树属于谁。） 【中考考点】 动词短语，后接人或物 不用于被动语态 【经典例题】 The red bike ________ my sister. A. belong to B. belongs to C. is belong to D. is belonging to 答案：B respectfully /rɪˈspektfəli/adv. 尊敬地 【短语搭配】 speak respectfully, treat respectfully, bow respectfully 【原文例句】 Standing in the snow to wait for Master Cheng respectfully. （恭敬地站在雪中等待程老师。） 【中考考点】 副词，修饰动词 形容词形式：respectful（表示尊敬的） 【经典例题】 The students listened ________ to their teacher. A. respect B. respectful C. respectfully D. respectfulness 答案：C move /muːv/vt.（使）感动，打动 【短语搭配】 be moved by, move to tears, deeply move 【原文例句】 When the master woke up, he was moved to see the two students waiting in the deep snow. 【中考考点】 及物动词，常用被动语态 更常见词义：移动（v.）；行动（n.） 【经典例题】 We were all ________ by her sad story. A. move B. moves C. moving D. moved 答案：D earphone /ˈɪəfəʊn/n. 耳机 【短语搭配】 wear earphones, earphone jack, wireless earphone 【原文例句】 Don’t listen to music on your phone without wearing earphones. （不要不戴耳机在手机上听音乐。） 【中考考点】 可数名词，常用复数 同义词：headphone 【经典例题】 She always wears ________ when listening to music. A. earphone B. earphones C. earphoned D. earphoning 答案：B circle /ˈsɜːkl/n. 圆圈 【短语搭配】 stand in a circle, draw a circle, circle of friends 【原文例句】 Chinese people like to sit in a circle in a restaurant because it is easy for big groups to talk and reach food in the middle. 【中考考点】 可数名词 动词形式：circle（环绕） 【经典例题】 The children sat in a ________ on the floor. A. circle B. circles C. circling D. circled 答案：A tip tip /tɪp/n. 小费 【短语搭配】 leave a tip, tip the waiter, generous tip 【原文例句】 It is common to leave a tip when British people have meals in restaurants, but Chinese people only pay for the meal. 【中考考点】 可数名词 另一意思：提示，建议 【经典例题】 We left a 10% ________ for the good service. A. tip B. tips C. tipping D. tipped 答案：A peaceful peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/adj. 安静的，平静的 【短语搭配】 peaceful place, peaceful life, peaceful sleep 【原文例句】 It is usually very peaceful inside because people have to be quiet there. 【中考考点】 形容词，作定语或表语 名词形式：peace（和平） 【经典例题】 It's so ________ in the countryside at night. A. peace B. peaceful C. peacefully D. peacefulness 答案：B impolite /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/adj. 失礼的，粗鲁的 【短语搭配】 impolite behavior, be impolite to, consider impolite 【原文例句】 This is quite impolite because it will trouble other visitors. （这相当不礼貌，因为会打扰其他游客。） 【中考考点】 形容词，多形容行为 反义词：polite（有礼貌的） 【经典例题】 It is ________ to talk with your mouth full. A. polite B. impolite C. politeness D. impoliteness 答案：B hug hug /hʌɡ/n., vt. & vi. 拥抱 【短语搭配】 give a hug, hug each other, tight hug 【原文例句】 ...but British people like to greet one another with a big hug... 【中考考点】 可数名词和动词 过去式/过去分词：hugged 【经典例题】 She ________ her mother goodbye at the airport. A. hug B. hugs C. hugged D. hugging 答案：C kiss kiss /kɪs/n., vt. & vi. 亲吻 【短语搭配】 kiss on the cheek, kiss goodbye, blow a kiss 【原文例句】 ...and sometimes we greet relatives or close friends with a kiss. 【中考考点】 可数名词和动词 复数：kisses 【经典例题】 She gave her daughter a goodnight ________. A. kiss B. kisses C. kissing D. kissed 答案：A quietly quietly /ˈkwaɪətli/adv. 安静地；平静地 【短语搭配】 speak quietly, walk quietly, sit quietly 【原文例句】 Eat quietly with your mouth closed, and do not talk with food in your mouth. （闭着嘴安静地吃，不要含着食物说话。） 【中考考点】 副词，修饰动词 形容词形式：quiet（安静的） 【经典例题】 Please close the door ________ when you leave. A. quiet B. quietly C. quieter D. quietness 答案：B rush rush /rʌʃ/vt. & vi. 急促；仓促行事；冲 【短语搭配】 rush to do, rush out, rush hour 【原文例句】 Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry. （不要匆忙吃饭，除非你不得不急着离开。） 【中考考点】 及物和不及物动词 名词：rush（匆忙；高峰期） 【经典例题】 Don't ________ your decision—think carefully. A. rush B. rushes C. rushed D. rushing 答案：A unless /ənˈles/conj. 除非 【短语搭配】 unless otherwise, unless stated, unless you 【原文例句】 Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry. （不要匆忙吃饭，除非你不得不急着离开。） 【中考考点】 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果不” 主句常用否定 【经典例题】 You won't pass the exam ________ you study harder. A. if B. unless C. because D. when 答案：B tasty tasty /ˈteɪsti/adj. 美味的，可口的 【短语搭配】 tasty food, very tasty, tasty meal 【原文例句】 Say how tasty the food is, so the host knows that you are enjoying the meal. （说食物多么美味，这样主人就知道你吃得很开心。） 【中考考点】 形容词，多形容食物 同义词：delicious 【经典例题】 The soup your mother made is really ________. A. taste B. tasty C. tasted D. tasting 答案：B 新单词（复习） New words manners 礼仪 礼貌 litter 垃圾 tap 水龙头 wait in line 排队等候 patiently 耐心地 congratulation 祝贺 hallway 走廊 正门过道 on time 准时 feel at home 舒服自在 不拘束 normally 通常 address 称呼某人 politeness 礼貌 realize 意识到 behave 表现 differently 不同地 praise 称赞 赞美 pleased 高兴 reply 回答 答复 modest 谦虚的 openly 公开地 毫不隐瞒地 host 主人 hospitable 好客的 热情友好的 plate 盘子 碟子 refuse 拒绝 回绝 used to sthdoing sth 习惯于某事物 适应某事物 fully 完全地 全部地 充分地 新单词（复习） New words all at once 一起 同时 jump the line 插队 loudly 吵闹地 push 挤开 推动 past 在另一边 到另一侧 in ones way 挡道 discussion 讨论 promise 承诺 许诺 keep ones word 信守诺言 pear 梨 even though 尽管 即使 belong 应在某处 适应 belong to 属于 respectfully 尊敬地 move 使感动 打动 earphone 耳机 circle 圆圈 tip 小费 peaceful 安静的 平静的 impolite 失礼的 粗鲁的 hug 拥抱 kiss 亲吻 quietly 安静地 平静地 rush 急促 仓促行事 冲 unless 除非 tasty 美味的 可口的 感谢聆听 批评指导 Thanks for listening null 1440.0 null 1272.0 null 1176.0 1104.0 null 1968.0 null 2520.0 null 1416.0 null 2063.6726 1776.0 null 1344.0 null 1344.0 null 1920.0 null 1464.0 null 1440.0 null 1920.0 null 1248.0 null 1392.0 null 1440.0 null 1368.0 null 1872.0 null 1296.0 null 1488.0 null 1104.0 null 1392.0 2016.0 null 1368.0 null 2194.2854 1056.0 null 1392.0 null 1080.0 null 1224.0 1680.0 null 1584.0 null 1296.0 1104.0 null 1224.0 Blues 1906.938 null 1368.0 null 2377.1433 null 2112.0 null 1296.0 null 1920.0 null 1344.0 null 1227.7546 null 1440.0 null 1416.0 null 1128.0 null 1104.0 null 1440.0 null 1248.0 null 1344.0 null 1464.0 $