期末复习学案 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦外研新版八上期末复习，核心涵盖现在完成时（影响/结果、持续动作及瞬间动词转换）、过去进行时（结构、when/while用法）、不定式（固定搭配）及重点词汇短语，通过对比已学时态搭建语法网络，以句型转换、动词填空等练习为支架，衔接基础与应用。 资料特色在于语法讲练结合，通过表格归纳（如过去进行时用法表）和错题类型分析提升语言能力，词汇结合语境例句强化记忆，综合题型（完形、阅读）联系现实话题培养思维品质，分层设计助力学生自主构建知识体系，高效备考。

外研新版八上期末复习 1、 语法部分(现在完成时/不定式/过去进行时) 现在完成时的具体用法 ①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常用的时间状语：already，so far，never，just，before，recently，for a long time，in the past/last few years等。 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. 在过去的10年中我们的城市发生了很大变化。 ②现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)，常与for(+时间段)，since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如： He has lived here since 1990. 自从1990年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1990年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。) 注意：for和since的用法。 ①for + 时间段 译为：……时间 ②since + 过去一个时间点(译为：自从……以来) ③since + 时间段 + ago ④since + 从句(过去时) ⑤It is + 时间段 + since + 从句(过去时) 注意：瞬间动词(buy, die, join, lose...)与for 或since引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延续性动词。变化如下：　　 come/arrive/reach/get to→be in 　　 go out→be out 　　 finish→be over 　　 open→be open 　　 die→be dead 　　 buy→have 　　 fall ill→be ill 　　 come back→be back 　 put on→be on/wear 　　 worry→be worried 　　 catch a cold→have a cold 1） 句型转换 1. She has just cleaned the room.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ the room ______. 2. She has finished her work.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ her work? 3.He has painted a beautiful picture for his sister.（改为否定句）（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he ______ for his sister? 4. I have seen the film twice.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ have you seen the film? 5. They have known each other since childhood.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ have they known each other? 2）用动词的适当形式填空 1. Tom ______ (just arrive) at the station. He missed the train by one minute. 2. We ______ (already clean) the classroom. It’s very tidy now. 3. She ______ (not eat) breakfast yet. She is hungry now. 4. ______ you ______ (find) your lost key? 5. They (live) in London since 2018. 6. —Is Tom at home? —No, he ______ (go)to the library. He ______ (go)there an hour ago. 7. I ______ (never be) to Paris, but I want to go there someday. 8. I (argue) with him for a long time, but he didn’t listen to me. 9. The rain ______ (stop). Let’s go for a walk. 10. We ______ (know) each other for ten years. 过去进行时用法表 项目 具体内容 示例 结构 肯定：主语 + was/were+v.-ing 否定：主语 + was/were not+v.-ing 疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + v.-ing She was dancing.（肯定）；She wasn’t dancing.（否定）；Was she dancing?（疑问） 标志词 at this time yesterday, at that time, at 8 last night, when/while 引导的从句 What were you doing at 8 last night? He was reading when I came. 用法 1. 表过去某一时刻或时间段正在进行的动作 2. when 从句（一般过去时）+ 主句（过去进行时）：表 “瞬间动作发生时，持续动作正在进行” 3. while 从句 / 主句（均为过去进行时）：表 “两个持续动作同时进行” 1. They were playing chess at this time yesterday. 2. When the rain came, he was walking.（when + 一过，主句 + 过进） 3. While she was cooking, I was cleaning.（while + 过进，主句 + 过进） 注意事项： 1. when 后可接一般过去时或过去进行时，while 后只能接过去进行时（错误：While he came，正确：When he came）； 2. 描述 “过去同时进行的两个动作” 时，while 连接的句子需用过去进行时（如 “While I was listening to music, my sister was drawing”）。 1) 句型转换 1. He was reading a newspaper at 9 o’clock yesterday morning. (改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ a newspaper at 9 o’clock yesterday morning? 2. They were having a party when the fire started.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ they ______ when the fire started? 3. She was singing a song in the room.（改为否定句） She ______ ______ a song in the room. 4. I was walking to school when I saw a cat.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ to school? 5. Were you cleaning the window at this time yesterday?（作肯定回答） ______, ______ ______. 2) 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. I ______ (read) a book when the phone rang. 2. They ______ (have) a meeting at this time yesterday. 3. She ______ (cook) dinner when the earthquake (happen). 4．We (climb) the hill when it began to rain heavily yesterday. 5. —Tom, I didn’t see you and your wife at the party in the company yesterday evening. —Oh, we ________ my son’s graduation at home. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. He wants ________ (travel) around the world because he enjoys ________ (see)new places. 2. We expect them ______ (arrive) on time. 3. She decided ______ (apply) for the job. 4. They enjoy ______ (explore) new places. 5. He hopes ______ (become) a scientist in the future. 6. I don’t mind ______ (help) you with your homework. 7. She plans ______ (visit) the science museum next week. 8. They practice ______ (speak) English every day. 9. He refused ______ (give) up his dream. 10. The teacher told us ______ (not talk) in class. 11. They encourage us ______ (take) part in the sports meeting. 12. My father taught me ______ (ride) a bike when I was young. 13. The boss made the workers ______ (work) for ten hours a day. 14. We allow children ______ (play) in the park. 15. She got up early ______ (catch) the early bus. 16. We exercise every day ______ (keep) healthy. 17. They went to the supermarket ______ (buy) some food.Jim is my best friend. 18. He is good at ________ (telling )jokes and he always makes me ________(laugh). 19. ________ (keep) ourselves safe from danger, we must wear helmets when riding electric bikes. 20. The river is very deep. The villagers warn us ________ (not swim) here. 2、 重点单词/短语/句型 常考词汇 By Jean 2026 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 suppose v. 假设，认为 secretly adv. 暗自 cover v. 覆盖 truly adv.真实地，确实地 difference n. 差别，差异 underline v.在……之下划线 success n. 成功，胜利 wise adj.明智的，明断的 second n.秒 value n.价值v. 重视，定价，估价 possible adj.可能的 act v. 扮演，行动，起作用 doubt n. 怀疑 fear n.害怕，恐惧；担忧 satisfy v.使（某人）满意 risky adj. 有危险的，有风险的 stick v.粘,贴;n.木棍 large adj.巨大的，大的 shout v.大声说，喊叫;n.呼喊 nor conj.也不 comfort v.安慰 knock v.碰撞；碰倒，撞倒 poem n.诗；韵文 afraid adj.害怕的，恐惧的 message n.要旨，主题思想,信息 return v.返回，归还 offer v.提供，给予 cheerful adj.高兴的 ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的 uncertain adj. 不确定的，无把握的 quite adv.很；较为 whenever conj.每当 stressed adj.焦虑的，紧张的 personal adj.个人的，私人的 argue v.争论，争吵 divide v.(把……)分开 relative n.家人；亲戚 pass v.过去，流逝; 递给；通过 invent v.发明 print v.打印 weigh v.称重，有…重 decide v.决定，决断，判断 congratulation n. 祝贺 恭喜 advertise v.登广告 create v.创造 design v.设计 imagine v. 想象 expect v.期待 without prep.缺乏，没有 curious adj.好奇的 fail v.失败( n.failure) drive v.促使（某人做某事） fair n.展览会；adj.公平的；(头发)金色的 talent n.天资，天赋，才能 despite prep.尽管，虽然，任凭 unexpected adj.想不到的 payment(n.)支付,付款 convenient(adj.)方便的,便利的 development(n.)进步,发展 simply(adv.)只是,仅仅 advantage(n.) 好处,优点 attitude n.看法，态度 device n.设备，仪器 function n.功能，作用 progress n.进步 strange adj.奇怪的，不寻常的 century n.世纪 noise (n.) 噪声 responsibility (n.) 责任 honesty (n.) 诚实 block v.堵住，挡住 reduce v.缩小；减少；降低 spread v.传播 respect (v./n) 尊重 limit v.限制，限定 cheat v. 欺诈，欺骗 trust v./n. 信任 society (n.) 社会 whether conj.是否 against prep.反对；违背 experienced (adj.) 有经验的 enemy (n.) 敌人 angry (adj.) 愤怒的 breath (n.) 呼吸 behaviour (n.) 行为 safe (adj.) 安全的-safety (n.) 安全 understand (v.) 理解 survive v.幸存；幸免于难 brave (adj.) 勇敢的 shock (n.) 震惊 scared (adj.) 害怕的 shut (v.) 合上，关闭 service (n.) 服务 warning (n.) 警告 operate (v.) 操作；给...做手术 bleed (v.) 流血 increase v.增加；增大；提高 while n.一会儿，一段时间 courage (n.) 勇气 thick adj.浓密的；混浊的 crowd (n.) 人群 drawback n.缺点，毛病 upcoming adj. 即将发生的 hero (n.) 英雄(复数heroes) continue v.继续前行 terrible (adj.)非常严重的 danger (n.)危险 slim adj.苗条的，修长的 wound (n.)伤口 重点短语 1. 2. feel like：有 … 的感觉；想要 … 3. keep sth. + adj.：保持某物怎么样 4. arrive in：抵达，到达；乘车到达 5. beside sb.：除某人之外 6. instead of：(是 …)而不是 …， 7. come through：到达；穿过；传来 8. look up：向上看；改善；拜访(某 人)；查找 9. rush to：(使某人)急速去；奔赴 10. for the first time：初次，第一次 11. turn one's head：回头；掉过头来； 回首 12. without doing sth.：不做某事 13. to one's surprise：使某人惊奇的是 14. stick to sth.：坚持 15. be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 16. make a difference (to)....有影响，有区别 17. get along with 与……相处 18. agree with 同意 19. lead to 导致 20. change one's mind 改变某人的主意 21. give away 赠送；捐赠 22. set up 建立；设立 23. personal relationships 个人关系 24. be busy with(in doing) 忙于…… 25. in return 作为回报 26. give up (doing) 放弃 27. reach an agreement on...在……达成一致 28. great inventions 伟大的发明 29. drive sb to do sth 驱使某人做某事 30. make a display board 制作展示板 31. the importance of... ⋯的重要性 32. a robotic arm 一条机械臂 33. shake hands with sb 与某人握手 34. be born without... 天生缺少⋯ 35. what's worse 更糟糕的是 36. blow sb away 让某人惊叹不已 37. fix problems 解决问题 38. one after another 一个接一个 39. hit on success 偶然获得成功 40. digital life 数字生活 41. cost sb an arm and a leg 花费某人很多钱 42. stone cold 冷得像石头一样 43. except for...除......之外 44. instead of 而不是；代替 45. light up 照亮；变得明亮 46. so...that...如此......以至于...... 47. give up on (doing) sth.对......不抱希望 48. look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 49. follow the rules 遵守规则 50. a mountain of 大量的；堆积如山的 51. turn around 转身；情况好转 52. clear one’s throat 清清嗓子 53. catch the train 赶火车 54. spread some happiness 传播快乐 55. cause an accident 导致意外事故 56. post personal information上传个人信息 57. make sth a piece of cake 使某事变得非常容易 58. behave badly 表现糟糕 59. online safety 网络安全 60. be based on 以...为基础 61. solve the problems解决问题 62. so as to 以便于；为了 63. take a deep breath 深吸一口气 64. wear seat belts 系安全带 65. tell the truth 说实话；告知真相 66. avoid doing 避免做某事 67. social media 社交媒体 68. turn to sb for help 向某人求助 69. be aware of 意识到 70. natural disasters 自然灾害 71. from side to side 从一边到另一边 72. be thick with… 充满了…… 73. get away from … 逃离…… 74. lift sb's spirits 振奋某人的情绪 75. go off (报警或闹钟)突然响起 76. emergency services 应急服务机构 77. draw sb's attention 引起某人的注意 78. social media 社交媒体 重点句型 U1 1. Clouds came through the window and filled my heart.乌云穿过窗户，涌进了我的心里。 2. However, doubts and fears often hold us back.然而，怀疑和恐惧常常会阻止我们前进。 3. Have a try and try harder. I believe you can write your own story.试一试，再努力一点。我相信你能写出自己的故事。 4. Nothing is impossible as long as you try and stick to it.只要你尝试并坚持下去，没有什么是不可能的。 U2 1. But spring never comes, nor summer. 但是春天没有来，夏天也没有。 2. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. 树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。 3. How selfish I've been! 我真是太自私了! 4. Shared joy is a double joy. 分享的快乐是双倍的快乐。 5. It is often difficult for people to talk about their fears with others. 人们往往难以与他人谈论自己的恐惧。 6. Whenever they walk down the lane,they remember how kindness encourages more kindness. 每当他们走在这条 小巷里，他们都会想起善意是如何促进更多的善意的。 U3 1. 他是用塑料积木和鱼线制作了它。He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line. 2. Benjamin Franklin is a great example. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. 杰明 · 富兰克林就是一个很好的例子。他对电产生了浓厚的兴趣，并对其本质充满了好奇。 3. He was so curious about space that he invented a"flying chair"! 他对太空如此好奇，发明了一把“飞行椅”! 4. Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. 尽管失败了，但他的好奇心给未来的探索者提供了灵感。 U4 1. But it took forever to find a bike! 但我花了好久才找到一辆自行车! 2. As I always make digital payments in China, I never carry my wallet. 因为我在中国总是用数字支付的方式， 所以我从来不带钱包。 3. When l got home, I was so tired that l gave up on cooking. 到家时，我非常疲倦，因此放弃了做饭的想法。 U5 1. I almost jumped up in surprise. 我差点惊地跳起来。 2. My face turned as red as a tomato! 我的脸涨的像西红柿一样红！ 3. I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. 我转过身去看其他乘客的脸。 4. I took a deep breath, stood up and cleared my throat. 我深吸一口气，站了起来，清了清嗓子...... 5. In some urgent situations, it might be okay to break certain rules without causing harm. 在一些紧急情况下，在 不造成伤害的情况下，违反某些规则可能是可以的。 6. Think 20 years back when chatting face to face with loved ones far away was a dream. 想想20年前，与遥远的亲人面对面交谈还是一个梦想。 7. To protect your online accounts, it's important to use a “strong and long” password. 为了保护你的在线账户，使用“强且长”的密码很重要。 8. Instead, turn to your parents, teachers or other trusted adults for help. 相反，向你的父母，老师或其他值得信赖的成年人寻求帮助。 9. You don't have to face your problems alone! 你不必独自面对问题！ U6 1. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood. 我们继续前行，而鸟云像洪水一样笼罩了大地。 2. Everything was covered in ash, like the snow in winter. 所有东西都被灰烬覆盖，就像冬天的雪一样。 3. After a night of living between hope and fear,we had no thoughts of things to come. 在希望和恐惧之间生活 了一夜之后，我们对将要发生的事情没有任何想法。 4. As time went by,people were becoming louder and angrier. 随着时间流逝，人们声音越来越大，变得越来越愤怒。 5. Warning times for storms in China have been increased to 90%. 中国的暴风雨预警时间已提高到42分钟，且准确率超过90%。 6. With the support of her family and friends,Niu Yu slowly came out from the shadows. 在家人和朋友的支持下， 牛钰慢慢从阴影中走了出来。 7. She completed the hard 10-year journey of finding herself again. 她完成了漫长的十年寻找自我的旅程。 8. But it is also a good chance to show people the power of being brave. 但这也是一个向人们展示勇敢的力量 的好机会。 3、 题型综合 (1) 根据句意及所给提示补全单词. 1．All the group members believed that nothing is (possible) if they put their hearts into it. 2．Edward and Tom are the two main (character) in The Prince and the Pauper. 3．The boy is curious about the (high) of the famous tower. 4．After practicing day and night, Mary gave a (success) piano show at her school. 5．The Yellow River is the (two) longest river in China. 6．It is difficult for college students to find an interesting and (satisfy) job. 7．We should (value) the time we spend with family. 8．Water is important for us, so we should use it . (wise) 9．There is almost no between the twins. (different) 10．The (crowd) street made her feel nervous. 11．They (secret) prepared a surprise party for her. 12．He is one of the most famous (paint) in China. 13．The family photos taken during our trip are (price) memories. 14．They reached an (agree) after discussing the problem. 15．He felt (comfort) when his friend supported him. 16．My aunt prefers (walk) to taking a bus. 17．I really feel like (go) for a walk in the nearest park this afternoon. 18．We should avoid (eat) too much junk food in order to stay healthy. 20．Stephen is looking forward to (meet) his new friend David from Australia. 21. “Just one more month!” she said to (she). 22．The little bird fell out of its nest and was in great (dangerous). 23．Mr Brown praised his son for his (honest). 24．Please say it again. I didn’t quite hear you because of the (noisy). 25．Most people communicate with each other on WeChat at present. It’s (convenience). 26．You can make a (pay) in any bank. 27．Remember, (behavior) badly online has costs. 28．The (smell) food made me feel sick. 29．We need to keep all the doors locked (keep) our home safe. 30．If I could speak (完美的) English, I would travel around the world. 31．Could you help me leave a(n) (消息) for her? 32． (分成) your weekly pocket money into parts so that you can save some. 33．Don’t be (害怕的) to talk about your feelings. 34．She wrote a beautiful (诗) for the school poetry competition. 35．A good learner usually has a good (理解力；感觉) of how to make learning fun. 36．Nancy sees the competition as a chance to (证明) herself. 37．The bookstore is (在……的对面) our school. 38．The young man has a great ________ (天资，天赋，才能) for music. He can play several musical instruments well. 39. The host of the party gave a ________ (生动的) speech and made everyone laugh. 40. Parents always worry about their children’s a________ (行为) at school. (2) 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 A There were two brothers named John and Joey in a small town. They were two talented (有才能的) boys. They showed great talents at an early age and they did much 1 (well) than their classmates. As time went by, they grew up. But they 2 (choose) different ways to live. John focused on his future. He used all of his talents to find 3 good job. He travelled to different countries and visited many important people and 4 (place). Everyone thought that he would be a great man in the future. However, the 5 (two) young man, Joey, was different. He was warm-hearted and he thought he should help people around. He was always busy 6 (do) much work to help those in need. One day, people in the town met some problems. They came to ask Joey and John for help. Joey tried to help them get out 7 trouble. He even gave most of his money to help improve their lives. His kindness touched their hearts. At the same time, John still kept doing his job and did not help them, 8 he became less popular than Joey and he felt sad. Later, Joey talked with him and he knew that his talents were not only for 9 (he). He learned from Joey that he should often help people, and he 10 (real) understood the spirit of the saying “Roses given, fragrance (香气) in hand”. B There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. 1 it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 2 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? According to some research, before toothbrushes 3 (appear), the ancient Chinese people cleaned their teeth with some small tree branches. About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brush with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the world’s 4 (early) form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of (代替) pig hair 5 pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to ancient times and brush your teeth 6 (comfortable). It 7 (sound) fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found 8 (it) way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The 9 (invent) of toothbrushes was not well-known, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good habit of 10 (brush) teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. (3) 完形填空 The 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala brought a wonderful show that combined (结合) technology and tradition. It was the show of “YangBOT”. A group of humanoid (像人的) robots 1 by a famous Chinese technology (科技) company became famous. These robots were special. And they were carefully programmed to do the lively Yangge 2 which is a well-known Chinese folk art (民间艺术). To get ready for this great show, the robots 3 hard. They used 4 technology to learn every movement of the dance. Their bodies had 5 joints (关节) and good sensors, so they could move 6 and smoothly (顺滑地), even on the unusual stage. The audience (观众) was really excited when they saw the 7 spin the colorful handkerchiefs (手帕) while dancing, just like real dancers. It was a show that made everyone 8 . The show was very successful and soon became a hot topic on social media. Young people thought it was 9 and very interesting, and the older people also 10 its special charm and the good mix of modern and traditional things. 1．A．made B．found C．set D．started 2．A．talk B．song C．dance D．speech 3．A．practiced B．remembered C．thought D．guessed 4．A．new B．old C．common D．simple 5．A．strong B．bad C．weak D．small 6．A．badly B．slowly C．correctly D．noisily 7．A．robots B．audience C．human D．show 8．A．sad B．nervous C．surprised D．angry 9．A．boring B．cool C．bad D．kind 10．A．doubted B．disliked C．enjoyed D．hated (4) 阅读理解 In the age of social media, maintaining healthy relationships has become more challenging than ever. A recent study conducted by the University of Oxford reveals that excessive use of social media platforms is linked to increased feelings of loneliness and depression among teenagers. The study followed 1, 500 teenagers aged 13-18 for two years. Researchers found that those who spent more than three hours a day on social media were 35% more likely to report feelings of loneliness. “While social media can connect people in many ways, it also creates a false sense of connection,” said Dr. Emma Robinson, the lead researcher. “Young people often compare their lives with the carefully curated images they see online, which can lead to feelings of inadequacy.” However, the study also found that social media can have positive effects when used moderately. Teens who used social media to engage in meaningful conversations or join supportive communities reported higher levels of well-being. “It’s not about banning social media,” Dr. Robinson said. “It’s about promoting healthy usage habits and teaching young people to use these platforms mindfully.” Many schools have started implementing programs to educate students about responsible social media use. These programs focus on developing critical thinking skills and promoting offline interactions. “We need to help young people understand that real relationships require face-to-face communication,” said Sarah Johnson, a school counselor. “Social media should be a tool, not a substitute for real human connection.” 1．What is the main finding of the Oxford study? A．Social media has no effect on teenagers. B．Excessive social media use causes loneliness. C．Social media improves mental health. D．Teenagers use social media for three hours daily. 2．Why does social media create a false sense of connection? A．Because it’s not real communication. B．Because people post curated images. C．Because it’s only for teenagers. D．Because it’s too time-consuming. 3．What is Dr. Robinson’s suggestion? A．Ban social media entirely. B．Promote healthy usage habits. C．Encourage more online interactions. D．Study social media effects further. 4．What do the school programs focus on? A．Banning social media B．Promoting offline interactions. C．Teaching coding skills. D．Increasing screen time. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Positive Effects of Social Media B．How to Use Social Media Wisely C．Social Media: A Tool for Real Connection D．The Oxford Study on Teenagers $