Unit 1 课时4 Grammar（课件）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦现在完成时，系统涵盖其肯定/否定/疑问形式、用法（过去持续到现在等）及过去分词构成，通过深圳变化对话导入，经规则总结、例句解析、练习巩固，搭建从感知到应用的学习支架。 其亮点是以真实情境（深圳发展、家乡变化）培养语言能力，通过规则归纳与for/since对比提升思维品质，融入家乡变化讨论增强文化意识。含对话、练习、讨论模板，学生能在语境中运用语法，教师可直接使用提升教学效率。

Unit 1 Past and Present 译林版把年级下册 Grammar 阅读课 Present perfect tense The rise of Shenzhen Learning Aims Learn the forms of affirmative sentences, negative sentences, and questions of the present perfect tense, as well as the forms of affirmative and negative answers. 01 Understand the rules for the formation of the past participle forms of regular and irregular verbs. 02 Communicate personal experiences and changes by writing sentences or short dialogues using the present perfect tense. 03 What tense does the writer use? How do you know that? Lead-in Present perfect tense Work out rules present now 主语+have/has助动词 + done(过去分词)+其他 Present perfect tense 现在完成时的基本构成 ： I/We/You/They + have + done(过去分词）+其它。 He/She/It + has + done(过去分词）+其它。 e.g. They ______________ their homework. (finish） He ______________his homework. （finish) have finished has finished Work out rules 现在完成时的一般疑问句 Have you arrived？ Has she arrived？ Have/Has 主语 Have Tom and Jane arrived？ 肯定句的主语和have/has调换位置变一般疑问句 过去分词 Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. Yes, they have. / No, they have’t. 现在完成时 过去持续到现在的动作或状态 过去的行为对现在产生影响 动作已经发生0-多次 结构: 标志词: 主语+have/has done+其它 already,ever,just,never,recently,yet,before since,for,in the past years, over/during the years, in recent years, so far Work out rules When to use? Sentences 现在完成时与for和since的用法 I have been here for 10 days. I have been here since 10 days ago. I have been here since I was born. for+一段时间 since+时间点（年月周日时） I have been here since January 10th. since+时间段+ago since+一般过去时从句 Sentences 现在完成时的肯定句、否定句与一般疑问句 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 sb have/has done (sth). sb have/has not done (sth). Have/Has sb arrived? Yes, sb have/has. No, sb haven’t/hasn’t . I have We have You have They have He/She/It has have not has not =I’ve =We’ve =You’ve =They’ve =He’s/She’s/It’s =haven’t =hasn’t Present perfect tense 过去分词的构成 finish / repair change / live try / study stop / plan 规则动词+ed 以e结尾的+d 以辅音字母y结尾的-y+ied 以元音+辅音结尾的短动词，双写尾字母+ed Present perfect tense 过去分词的构成 Present perfect tense 过去分词的构成 A-A-A A-B-A A-B-B A-B-C hit,put,cut,cost,spread,hurt,set,let come,become,run meet,make,catch,keep,win,hold, tell,spend,have,lead,fight,think, fall,take,drive,know,see,write,choose forget,lie,hide,wake,eat,steal,begin Exercises has changed has turned has improved have moved built haven’t visited Exercises found has worked left went has returned bought have visited Exercises have lived have been have fallen have been Have; noticed are enjoy Discussion Talk with your partner about the changes in your hometown, using the present perfect tense roads: transport: buildings: environment: city: ? Discussion Talk with your partner about the changes in your hometown, using the present perfect tense A: Hi! Long time no see.I heard you went back to your hometown in Guizhou last month. How was the visit? B: Oh, it's amazing! So many changes have taken place since I left our town five years ago. The old dirt roads have turned into wide streets, and there are even new bus stations. Have you ever seen a village with its own library?Ours has one now-we never had that before! Discussion Talk with your partner about the changes in your hometown, using the present perfect tense A: Wow, that's great. My hometown in Sichuan has changed a lot too. We used to live in small wooden houses, but most families have moved into new buildings. B: Really? My grandma says the government has built a new bridge through the mountain. It used to take two hours to go to the town centre, but now it only takes 20 minutes. Many young people have come back to start businesses-like my cousin, who has opened an online fruit shop. Practice 1. I can’t find my key. I’m afraid I ________ it. 2. I won’t go to the cinema with my friends tomorrow. I ____________ the film many times. 3. Can I borrow your dictionary? Sorry, I ____________ it to Sandy. 4. Let’s go home now. The rain ___________. 5. The bus _________. You’d better wait for another 10 minutes. have lost have watched have lent has stopped has left Homework 1. Remember the grammar rules by heart. 2. Remember the Past participle of irregular verbs 3. Finish the exercise. Thank you $