内容正文:
外研社八年级英语(下)
单词讲解课件
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains
讲解内容
经典例题
例句翻译
常用搭配
读音、词性
新单词(预习)
New words
pm n. 下午(用于表示钟点的数字之后)
promise v. 许诺,保证,答应 n. 保证,承诺,诺言
tonight adv. (在)今晚
interrupt v. 打断讲话;中断行动;打扰
realise v. 知道;明白;认识到;顿悟
lamp n. 灯
blouse n. 女士宽松短衫,女衬衫
pale adj. 苍白的
attach v. 系;绑;贴
wrist n. 手腕
policewoman n. 女警察
elderly adj. 年老的,渐老的(委婉用法)
plot n. 情节
point n. 要点,重点,中心意思,主要含义
lazy adj. 懒洋洋度过的
sofa n. 长沙发
term n. 学期
conversation n. 谈话,交谈,会话
disagreement n. 意见不合,分歧,争论
peer n. 同龄人
pressure n. (工作或生活中的)压力
disappointed adj. 失望的,沮丧的
fail v. 失败,未做到
heartbreaking adj. 使人心碎的
skiing n. 滑雪运动
completely adv. 完全地,全部地,彻底地
upon prep. 在……上面
fall upon v. 落在(某人)身上
clearly adv. 清楚地,明白地
pm
pm /ˌpiː ˈem/n. 下午(用于表示钟点的数字之后)
【常见搭配】
at 3 pm, from 9 am to 6 pm
【原文例句】
The clock reads 10:27 pm. (P21)
【中考考点】
时间表达法,与 am(上午)对应。需置于具体时间数字之后。
【经典例题】
The meeting will start at 2:30 ________.
A. pm B. am C. o’clock D. morning
答案:A
promise v. 许诺,保证,答应n. 保证,承诺,诺言
【常见搭配】
v.:promise to do sth., promise sb. sth.
n.:keep/break a promise, make a promise
【原文例句】
v.:Yes, I promised to be back before 9 tonight.
n.:Do you remember your promise?
【中考考点】
1. 动词用法:promise (sb.) to do sth.。
2. 名词短语:make/keep a promise。
3. 区分 promise(承诺)和 allow(允许)。
【经典例题】
He ________ to help me with my homework.
A. allowed B. promised C. said D. told
答案:B
tonight
tonight adv. (在)今晚
【常见搭配】
tonight’s news, see you tonight
【原文例句】
Yes, I promised to be back before 9 tonight.
【中考考点】
时间副词,表示“在今天晚上”。与 this evening 同义,但 tonight 更强调夜间。
【经典例题】
There will be a football match on TV ________.
A. today night B. night C. tonight D. yesterday night
答案:C
interrupt
interrupt v. 打断(某人的)讲话;中断(某人的)行动;打扰
【常见搭配】
interrupt sb./sth., sorry to interrupt
【原文例句】
Mum: (interrupting) A deal is a deal!
【中考考点】
动词,后可接人或物作宾语。注意其名词形式为 interruption。
【经典例题】
It‘s impolite to ________ others when they are talking.
A. interrupt B. introduce C. interview D. interest
答案:A
realise
realise v. 知道;明白;认识到;顿悟
【常见搭配】
realise sth., realise that…
【原文例句】
On my way back, I realised that my phone was at Jiacheng‘s house.
【中考考点】
动词,后可接名词或 that 从句。美式拼写为 realize。
【经典例题】
I didn‘t ________ how late it was until you called me.
A. realise B. recognise C. remember D. receive
答案:A
lamp
lamp n. 灯
【常见搭配】
a desk/table lamp, street lamp, turn on/off the lamp
【原文例句】
Halfway back, I noticed an old woman under a street lamp.
【中考考点】
可数名词。与 light(光;灯)近义,但 lamp 通常指具体的台灯、路灯等设备。
【经典例题】
She is reading under the ________ on her desk.
A. light B. lamp C. flash D. candle
答案:B
blouse
blouse n. 女士宽松短衫,女衬衫
【常见搭配】
a silk blouse, wear a blouse
【原文例句】
She was wearing a thin blouse and it was cold.
【中考考点】
可数名词,专指女性上装。区别于 shirt(多指男士衬衫或中性衬衫)。
【经典例题】
My mother bought a beautiful white ________ to match her skirt.
A. shirt B. blouse C. coat D. dress
答案:B
pale
pale adj. 苍白的
【常见搭配】
look/turn/go pale, pale blue/green(淡蓝色/绿色)
【原文例句】
She looked pale.
【中考考点】
形容词,描述脸色或颜色浅淡。比较级 paler,最高级 palest。
【经典例题】
When she heard the bad news, her face turned ________.
A. red B. black C. pale D. yellow
答案:C
attach
attach v. 系;绑;贴
【常见搭配】
attach sth. to sth., be attached to(附属于;喜爱)
【原文例句】
I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist.
【中考考点】
动词,常用搭配 attach A to B(将A附着在B上)。
【经典例题】
Please ________ a photo to your application form.
A. attack B. attract C. attach D. attend
答案:C
wrist
wrist n. 手腕
【常见搭配】
wrist watch(手表),hurt one’s wrist
【原文例句】
I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist.
【中考考点】
可数名词,身体部位。与 ankle(脚踝)对应。
【经典例题】
He wears a fitness tracker on his ________ to check his heart rate.
A. arm B. wrist C. hand D. finger
答案:B
policewoman
policewoman n. 女警察
【常见搭配】
a kind policewoman
【原文例句】
I waited with her until she was taken home by a policewoman.
【中考考点】
可数名词,复合词(police + woman)。复数形式为 policewomen。
【经典例题】
The ________ helped the lost child find his parents.
A. policeman B. policewoman C. police D. police officer
答案:B
elderly
elderly adj. 年老的,渐老的(委婉用法)
【常见搭配】
the elderly(老年人,集体名词),an elderly man/lady
【原文例句】
So you sent her home? (注:文中描述的老人即 elderly woman,但未直接使用该词,此处以其近义概念理解)
【中考考点】
形容词,比 old 更礼貌、正式。常与 the 连用,表示一类人。
【经典例题】
We should offer our seats to ________ people on the bus.
A. the elderly B. an elderly C. elderly D. elder
答案:A
plot
plot n. 情节
【常见搭配】
the plot of a story/film, a complicated plot
【例句】
Can you follow the plot so far?
你到目前能理解这个情节吗?
【中考考点】
可数名词,指小说、电影等的情节发展。
【经典例题】
The ________ of this novel is so exciting that I couldn‘t put it down.
A. place B. plan C. plot D. play
答案:C
point
point n. 要点,重点,中心意思,主要含义
【常见搭配】
the main point, get to the point(切入正题),point of view(观点)
【原文例句】
To give good advice to others, you should try to understand their point of view.
【中考考点】一词多义,此处为抽象名词“要点”。还可表示“点;分数;尖端”。
【经典例题】
I didn‘t understand the ________ of his long speech.
A. point B. idea C. thought D. meaning
答案:A
lazy
lazy adj. 懒洋洋度过的
【常见搭配】
a lazy afternoon/day, feel lazy
【原文例句】
Betty’s dad didn’t allow her to have a lazy day on the sofa.
【中考考点】
形容词,描述一种悠闲、放松的状态,不一定是贬义的“懒惰”。比较级 lazier,最高级 laziest。
【经典例题】
We spent a ________ Sunday afternoon watching movies at home.
A. busy B. lazy C. tired D. hard
答案:B
sofa
sofa n. 长沙发
【常见搭配】
sit on the sofa, a leather sofa
【原文例句】
Betty’s dad didn’t allow her to have a lazy day on the sofa.
【中考考点】
可数名词。与 couch 同义,但 sofa 更常用。
【经典例题】
The family usually sit together on the ________ in the living room.
A. chair B. desk C. sofa D. bed
答案:C
term
term n. 学期
【常见搭配】
the new term, mid-term exam(期中考试),at the end of term
【原文例句】
Do you still remember my space project from last term?
【中考考点】
可数名词,指学校的学期。也指“术语;条款”。
【经典例题】
We will have a school trip next ________.
A. time B. term C. year D. month
答案:B
conversation
conversation n. 谈话,交谈,会话
【常见搭配】
have a conversation with sb., in conversation
【原文例句】
How about this? Let’s … have a family conversation.
【中考考点】
可数名词,指非正式的谈话。与 talk 近义,但 conversation 更强调双向交流。
【经典例题】
I had a long ________ with my teacher about my future plans.
A. speech B. conversation C. lecture D. report
答案:B
disagreement
disagreement n. 意见不合,分歧,争论
【常见搭配】
have a disagreement with sb. about sth., in disagreement
【原文例句】
Write ______, I had a disagreement with my parents.
【中考考点】
可数/不可数名词,动词形式为 disagree(不同意)。
【经典例题】
They had a ________ about where to go for the holiday.
A. agreement B. disagreement C. argument D. disappointment
答案:B
peer
peer n. 同龄人
【常见搭配】
peer pressure(同龄人压力),one’s peers
【原文例句】
What does the picture show? PEER PRESSURE.
【中考考点】
可数名词,常以复数形式出现。指年龄、地位等相近的人。
【经典例题】
Teenagers are often influenced by their ________.
A. parents B. teachers C. peers D. leaders
答案:C
pressure
pressure n. (工作或生活中的)压力
【常见搭配】
under pressure, put pressure on sb., blood pressure(血压)
【原文例句】
What does the picture show? PEER PRESSURE.
【中考考点】
不可数名词。常用短语 under pressure(在压力下)。
【经典例题】
Many students feel a lot of ________ before exams.
A. pleasure B. pressure C. treasure D. measure
答案:B
disappointed
disappointed adj. 失望的,沮丧的
【常见搭配】
be/feel disappointed with/at/about sth., a disappointed look
【原文例句】
Back then, I was so disappointed at being too short and failing to get on the basketball team.
【中考考点】
形容词,描述人的感受。动词形式为 disappoint(使失望)。常用结构 be disappointed that…
【经典例题】
He was very ________ because he didn‘t win the competition.
A. excited B. interested C. disappointed D. surprised
答案:C
fail
fail v. 失败,未做到
【常见搭配】
fail (in) an exam, fail to do sth.(未能做某事)
【例句】
He won't allow himself to fail.
他不容许自己失败。
【中考考点】
动词。核心搭配 fail to do sth.(未能/忘记做某事)。反义词为 succeed(成功)。
【经典例题】
He ________ to catch the last bus, so he had to walk home.
A. failed B. forgot C. fell D. felt
答案:A
heartbreaking
heartbreaking adj. 使人心碎的
【常见搭配】
a heartbreaking story/scene
【原文例句】
I couldn’t help laughing at my heartbreaking words then.
【中考考点】
形容词,由“heart”(心)+“breaking”(打破)构成,形容极其悲伤的事物。
【经典例题】
It was a ________ movie about a lost dog finding its way home.
A. interesting B. exciting C. heartbreaking D. boring
答案:C
skiing
skiing n. 滑雪运动
【常见搭配】
go skiing, a skiing trip, skiing equipment
【原文例句】
“Why not try something else, like swimming or skiing?” suggested my best friend.
【中考考点】
不可数名词,动词为 ski。以 -ing 形式表示一项运动,类似的有 swimming, skating。
【经典例题】
They went ________ in the mountains last winter.
A. ski B. skied C. skiing D. to ski
答案:C
completely
completely adv. 完全地,全部地,彻底地
【常见搭配】
completely different/finished/wrong
【原文例句】
But soon, I fell completely in love with the sport.
【中考考点】
副词,修饰形容词、动词或整个句子,表示程度。形容词形式为 complete(完整的)。
【经典例题】
I ________ forgot about our meeting yesterday.
A. completely B. complete C. completed D. completing
答案:A
upon prep. 在……上面
【常见搭配】
once upon a time(从前),depend upon(依赖)
【原文例句】
It may fall upon us at any stage in our lives.
【中考考点】
介词,与 on 同义,但更正式。常用在固定短语中。
【经典例题】
________ hearing the news, she burst into tears.
A. On B. Upon C. At D. In
答案:B
fall upon
fall upon v. 落在(某人)身上
【常见搭配】
A responsibility falls upon sb.(责任落在某人身上)
【原文例句】
It may fall upon us at any stage in our lives.
【中考考点】
动词短语,常指责任、灾难等“降临”到某人身上。注意 fall 的过去式 fell,过去分词 fallen。
【经典例题】
The duty to take care of the family ________ the eldest son.
A. fell upon B. fell down C. fell off D. fell over
答案:A
clearly
clearly adv. 清楚地,明白地
【常见搭配】
see/hear/understand clearly, speak clearly
【原文例句】
I know clearly that failure lasts just a moment.
【中考考点】
副词,修饰动词。形容词形式为 clear(清晰的)。
【经典例题】
Please speak more ________ so that everyone can hear you.
A. clear B. clearing C. clearly D. clearest
答案:C
新单词(复习)
New words
pm n. 下午(用于表示钟点的数字之后)
promise v. 许诺,保证,答应 n. 保证,承诺,诺言
tonight adv. (在)今晚
interrupt v. 打断讲话;中断行动;打扰
realise v. 知道;明白;认识到;顿悟
lamp n. 灯
blouse n. 女士宽松短衫,女衬衫
pale adj. 苍白的
attach v. 系;绑;贴
wrist n. 手腕
policewoman n. 女警察
elderly adj. 年老的,渐老的(委婉用法)
plot n. 情节
point n. 要点,重点,中心意思,主要含义
lazy adj. 懒洋洋度过的
sofa n. 长沙发
term n. 学期
conversation n. 谈话,交谈,会话
disagreement n. 意见不合,分歧,争论
peer n. 同龄人
pressure n. (工作或生活中的)压力
disappointed adj. 失望的,沮丧的
fail v. 失败,未做到
heartbreaking adj. 使人心碎的
skiing n. 滑雪运动
completely adv. 完全地,全部地,彻底地
upon prep. 在……上面
fall upon v. 落在(某人)身上
clearly adv. 清楚地,明白地
感谢聆听 批评指导
Thanks for listening
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