专题18 九上Unit 4 （复习讲义）(仁爱科普版教材梳理）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦九上Units 4核心内容，覆盖中考高频考点，包括重点词汇拓展、易混词辨析、核心句型及被动语态、定语从句语法。通过思维导图构建知识网络，以“考点通关”分模块突破，结合考点梳理、方法指导与真题训练，帮助学生系统掌握知识点内在联系，针对性突破语法难点。 亮点在于“靶向突破”教学策略，如通过语境对比训练辨析“be made of/from”等易混词，结合被动语态时态变化和定语从句关系代词用法讲解，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。配套分层练习和近年模拟题即时反馈，确保高效复习，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师提供清晰复习节奏指导。

专题19 九上Units 4 （复习讲义）（仁爱科普版教材梳理） 目录 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 思维导图·网络构建 2 考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 6 考点3 重点句型 8 考点4 重点语法 10 优题精选·练能提分 15 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 12个课标单词及拓展解析 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用被动语态 4. 熟练运用定语从句 易混词辨析 1.辨析 be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by与be made into 2.辨析 realize, achieve与come true 重点句型 1.When was it invented? 2.“A wonderful movie will be shown tonight.” 3.“Then our dreams will be realized.” 4.It has been+一段时间+ since +从句 / It is+一段时间+ since +从句 5.“He is our national hero who traveled around the earth in Shenzhou V for 21 hours in 2003” 6.“China is the third nation that sent a person into space” 7.“It’s a spaceship which was launched as China’s first lunar probe” 8.“Spaceships which now mainly use electronic controls used to be controlled by astronauts.” 重点语法 被动语态 关系代词(that/which/who)引导的定语从句 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析和句型会融合到各种题型中考查。 被动语态、定语从句是高频考点，主要在单项选择、完形填空、和语法填空中考查。 （1）重点词汇背默 见下文 （2）易混词辨析 1.辨析 be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by与be made into 2.辨析 realize, achieve与come true （3）句型精讲 1.When was it invented? 2.“A wonderful movie will be shown tonight.” 3.“Then our dreams will be realized.” 4.It has been+一段时间+ since +从句 / It is+一段时间+ since +从句 5.“He is our national hero who traveled around the earth in Shenzhou V for 21 hours in 2003” 6.“China is the third nation that sent a person into space” 7.“It’s a spaceship which was launched as China’s first lunar probe” 8.“Spaceships which now mainly use electronic controls used to be controlled by astronauts.” （4）单元语法 1.被动语态2.关系代词(that/which/who)引导的定语从句 考点1 重点词汇 一．重点词汇背默及拓展 1.invent v.发明→ n.发明，创造→ n.发明者；发明家 2.think v.认为;想→ （过去式/过去分词） → n.想法，看法；主意 1.describe v.描述；形容；把……称为→ n.描述，形容 2.general adj.一般的，普通的；大体的→ adv.一般地，通常 3.electricity n.电；电能→ adj.电子的［新课标增］→ adj.用电的；电动的 4.doubt n.& v.怀疑，疑惑→ adj.不确定的，怀疑的 5.inside prep.在……内（里） adv.在里面→ （反义词） prep.在……外面adv.在外面 6.connect v.连接；把……联系起来→ n.连接；关系 75.certain adj.确定的，无疑的；一定会……→ adv.无疑；当然 8.wife n.妻子，太太→ （pl.） 9.paint n.油漆v.用颜料画→ n.画家；油漆匠→ n.绘画 二．重点单词解析 1.weigh的用法 —How heavy is the biggest blue whale? —As I know, it weighs about 240,000 kilos. 归纳拓展 对重量进行提问，可以用以下几种句型： How much does sth./sb.weigh? How heavy is sth./sb.? What's the weight of sth./sb.? What's one's weight? 用weigh或weight的正确形式填空。 1.A train can 　 　 more than 30,000 kilos!  2.He has grown both in height and 　 　.   3.Cao Chong is known for coming up with the simple way to 　 　 the elephant when he was a child.   4.A football 　 　 about 400 grams.  5.I 　 　 245 pounds and was out of shape.  2.doubt的用法 There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business.毫无疑问，电脑在技术和商业领域中是非常有用的。 词性及含义 用法 n.疑惑，疑问 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… without doubt（一般用于句首）毫无疑问 be in doubt不确定；拿不准 v.怀疑 用于肯定句中，后接if或whether引导的宾语从句 用于否定句或疑问句中，后接that引导的宾语从句，that可省略 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.毫无疑问,她适合这个工作。 　 　 she is suitable for the job.  2.我们真的怀疑Robert是否能通过攀岩测试,因为他错过了很多训练。 　 　 Robert will pass the rock climbing test, for he missed a lot of training.  3.warn的用法 Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning. 按要求完成下列练习。 1.He warned me 　 　(keep) away from this bad habit.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  2.She 　 　(warn) that if she did it again, she would lose her job.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  3.He was about to run across the street when I warned him 　 　 the danger.(用适当的介词填空)  4.Doctors gave a 　 　(warn) against eating any junk food.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  5.They warned us not to climb the mountain in such bad weather. (变为同义句) They 　 　 not to climb the mountain in such bad weather.  6.警察提醒他不要在红灯亮着时横穿马路。(根据汉语意思完成句子) The policeman warned him 　 　the road when the traffic light is red.  随堂训练 1.The computer has influenced our life a lot since it 　 　 (invent).  2.A 　 　 (think) is an idea that you have in your mind.  3.Li Lei is getting fatter and fatter these days, so he must take action to lose 　 　(weigh).  4.According to Wang Jun's 　 　(describe), the police caught the robber successfully.   5.Now some kinds of 　 　(electricity) products have changed our life greatly, such as computers and mobile phones.  6.The robots in the future 　 　(may) start to think for themselves.  7.This is a valuable 　 　(paint), so you must take good care of it.  1．（2024·四川自贡·一模）—In most countries, it is impolite to ask a woman ________. —Oh, I see. A． whether has she got married B．what is her age C．how much she weighs 2．（2023·福建漳州·一模）There’s no doubt ________ China is a safe place to live. A．if B．that C．whether 3．（2022·福建福州·模拟预测）At first, I doubted ________, but it later turned out that they were the pride of China. A．that the girls would lose the football match B．if the girls could win the football match C．how the girls could win the football match 4．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Surprising! Our little son stays away from that pool. —Good boy. I ________ him not to get close to it twice. A．have warned B．will warn C．was warning 5．（2025·福建三明·一模）Our teachers and parents always warn us ________ in the river. It’s too dangerous. A．not swim B．swimming C．not to swim 考点2 易混词辨析 1.辨析 be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by与be made into What's it made of?它是由什么制成的？ 含义及用法 be made of 后跟原材料，表示“由……制成”，从成品中可以看出原材料 be made from 后跟原材料，表示“由……制成”，从成品中看不出原材料 be made in 后跟地点或时间，表示“在某地/某时制造” be made by 后跟人，表示“由某人制造” be made into 后跟成品，表示“被制成……” 2.Grapes can be made wine. 3.The chair in the kitchen was made a local worker. 4.The mobile phones made China are very popular all over the world now. 5.The cake is made butter, sugar and eggs.It tastes delicious. 2.辨析 realize, achieve与come true Then our dreams will be realized.那么我们的梦想就会实现 含义及用法 realize “实现，将……变为现实”，常用于“sb.+realize（s）+one's dream/goal”结构，主语为物时通常用于被动语态 achieve “实现；达到”，常用于“sb.+achieve（s）+one's dream/goal”结构，主语为物时通常用于被动语态 come true “实现，成真，成为现实”，后面不接宾语,无被动语态 1.In order to ___ her dream, she experienced a lot of failures and pains. A.come true B.accept C.realize 4.After years of hard work, her dream ___. A.achieved B.was realized C.was come true 1．（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）Books are made ________ paper and paper is made ________ wood. A．of, of B．of, from. C．from, of 2．（2025·福建福州·三模）Dreams won’t come true ________ you work hard for them. A．so B．unless C．until 3．（2021·福建泉州·二模）—Helen practiced hardest among us and she won first prize in the competition. —A dream can’t come true ________ hard work. A．over B．through C．without 考点3 重点句型 表达希望和愿望 1.I wish I could go into space some day.我梦想有一天可以遨游太空。 2.I hope your dream will come true.我希望你的梦想可以实现。 3.Inventing is interesting and exciting and everyone can be an inventor.发明既有趣又令人兴奋,每个人都可以成为一位发明家。 谈论过去的事件 4.It's said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life.据说他（托马斯·爱迪生）一生中发明了两千多种东西。 谈论未来的事情 1.We will be able to do anything that can be done on the earth.我们将能够做在地球上能做的任何事。 2.I think you should first master some basic computer skills.我认为你首先应该掌握一些基本的计算机技能。 3.Let's work hard.Then our dreams will be realized.让我们努力学习。然后我们的梦想就会实现。 谈论科技，表达情感，给出建议 1.All of you must be very proud.你们大家一定都很自豪。 2.It proves that China has made great progress in its space industry.那证明中国已在航天事业上取得了巨大进步。 3.There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business.毫无疑问,电脑在技术和商业领域中很有使用价值。 随堂训练 1.It 　 　(由……制成) metal.  2.It 　 　(被用来……) sending satellites or spaceships into space.  3.I hope your dream will 　 　(实现).  4.　 　(据说……) he invented more than two thousand things during his life.  5.Inventions 　 　(产生) in many ways.  6.　 　(……中没有一个) these things was planted in fields.  7.　 　 your inventions 　 　(与……分享……) others.  8.We will 　 　(能够做任何……的事) can be done on the earth.  9.Some scientists believe that aliens can be found in 　 　(外太空).  10.But I 　 　 science 　 　(与……相比更喜欢……) dance.  11.The gravity on the surface of Mars is about 　 　(五分之二) as strong as it is on the earth.  12.It's a spaceship which was launched as China's first 　 　(月球探测器).  13.There is 　 　(毫无疑问) computers are very useful in technology and business.  14.　 　(例如), if we work on computers too long, we may get headaches or sore eyes.  15.No one knows 　 　(确切地), but most people think that robots will be part of our lives.  16.In a few years, perhaps robots will 　 　(自行思考), just as people use their brains and act for themselves.  1．（25-26九年级上·福建泉州·周测）A: I wish I could go into space some day. B: I hope . 2．（25-26九年级上·福建泉州·周测）A: My English teacher said I need to practice writing more. What do you think I should do? B: You can every day. 3．（25-26九年级上·福建泉州·周测）A: What’s the lock used for? B: The lock . 4.（25-26九年级上·福建南平·月考） A: ? B: The radio was invented by Guglielmo Marconi. 考点4 重点语法 一般过去时的被动语态 1.概念 表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。 2.结构 was/were＋及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构： ①肯定句：主语＋was/were＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他). Some trees were planted by students on Tree Planting Day.在植树节学生们种了一些树。 ②否定句：主语＋was/were not＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他). The computer wasn’t bought yesterday.昨天没买电脑。 ③一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)？ Was this desk made by your father？这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗？ ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)？ When was he called a hero？他什么时候被称为英雄的？ 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.A new kind of glasses 　 　(invent) last year to help people read e-books without using their hands. 2.June 8th 　 　(name) by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. 3.(2023温州改编)As a new member of the club， Tina 　 　(invite) to have a party with the other members yesterday. 看图写话 4.　build， 1886　　 　 5.　when， invent　　 　 一般将来时的被动语态 1.概念 表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动动作。 2.结构 shall/will＋be＋及物动词的过去分词(shall常用于第一人称； will用于各种人称) 一般将来时的被动语态的句式结构： ①肯定句：主语＋shall/will＋be done(＋其他). The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 ②否定句：主语＋shall/will＋not＋be done(＋其他). The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.展览不会推迟到下周举办。 ③一般疑问句：Shall/Will＋主语＋be done(＋其他)？ Will water be turned into ice when it is below freezing point？ 如果温度在冰点之下，水会变成冰吗？ ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋shall/will＋主语＋be done(＋其他)？ When will these books be published？这些书将在什么时候出版？ 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.－The school sports meet is coming. －Yes. It 　 　(hold) next week. 2.－Can I move into the new room？　－No， you can’t. It 　 　(paint) soon. 3.(2024厦门同安区二模改编)－After watching the 3·15 news， I am worried about the food safety in our society. －More actions 　 　(take) to solve the problem in the future. 完成句子 4.(2023广州)我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。 I hope one day my art works 　 　 　 　 　 　 in the art gallery. 关系代词(that/which/who)引导的定语从句 复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词后。引导定语从句的关系代词包括that、 which、 who等。 关系代词在定语从句中所作成分以及指代内容如下： (1)which→主语、宾语(指物) She has a small office which is used for private discussions.她有一间小办公室，用于私人会谈。 (2)who→主语、宾语、表语(指人) This is the boy who often helps me.这就是经常帮助我的那个男孩。 (3)that→主语、宾语、表语(指人或物) You can accomplish all that you desire if you put your heart and soul in it.如果你全身心投入，你就能实现你所渴望的一切。 1.(2024长春改编)As a science lover， I hope I can invent a bike 　 　 can fly in the sky. 2.(2024乐山改编)－I’ll never forget the experiences 　 　 we had in the volunteer work last summer. －Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. 3.(2023三明一检改编)－What can we do for the left-home children in the village 　 　 need help？ －We can help them with their study online on weekends. 4.－Do you know the girl　 　 is talking with our teacher？ －Oh， she is my sister. 1．（2025·福建福州·三模）The new space station ________ by Chinese scientists next month. A．completes B．is completed C．will be completed 2．（2025·福建龙岩·二模）The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu from August 7 to 17, 2025. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 3．（2025·福建泉州·三模）In the future, more foreign tourists ________ to experience the visa-free entry policy in China. A．were attracted B．are attracted C．will be attracted 4．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Beijing Opera ________ to more schools in the future. —That’s so great. A．is introduced B．was introduced C．will be introduced 5．（2025·福建南平·二模）You can order food online and it ________ to you soon. A．is sent B．was sent C．will be sent 6．（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）I like musicians ________ quiet and slow music. A．which plays B．who play C．which play 7．（2024·福建厦门·二模）—Nowadays young people use “digital pickled vegetables (电子榨菜)” to describe the videos ________ they watch while eating. —Yes. And these videos are often about daily life. They’re easy to watch and enjoy. A．who B．what C．that 8．（2025·福建泉州·一模）—During the Paris Olympic Games, the Chinese athletes won a total of 40 gold medals. —They are the role models in this new age ________ we should learn from. A．when B．who C．which 9．（23-24九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）A best friend is a person ________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”. A．who B．which C．what 10．（2025·福建厦门·一模）Duolingo is a useful app ________ offers many language courses. A．which B．who C．whose 一、词汇训练 1.Please put them_________________（门后） 2.I hear someone______________（唱歌）in the next room. 3.The cruel boss made workers________________(工作)for 12 hours a day. 4.Can you make yourself___________________（被理解）in foreign countries? 5.The pandas that were sent to Taiwan are___________ __________ _____________（身体很好） with the care of raisers. 6.__________ ___________ ___________ ____________（毫无疑问）that learning English well is very important to teenagers. 7.She is a patient teacher. She often replies_____________ _____________ _____________（一遍又一遍）． 8.She is________________ _____________（为……而骄傲）her clever child. 9.We'll go abroad for a journey _____________ _____________ _____________（只要）our money is enough. 10.The wine _____________ _____________ _____________（由……制成）grapes and it tastes nice. 11.I_____________ ____________ ______________（肯定）that he is at home. 12.He has done a lot of useful things__________ _________ _____________（在他一生中）． 13.The story that you told me yesterday___________ _____________ _____________（以……为基础）a real thing． 14.Put the stone____________ ____________ ____________ _____________（相隔）about 20 meters from the door. 15.They will_____________ _____________ _____________(能)study in my study. 16.I forgot his telephone number.______________ _____________（更糟糕的是），I forgot his address , too. 二、语法解析 （一）用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The radio was_________________(invent) by Guglielmo Marconi in 1895. 2.Cellphones are__________________(wide) used in people's daily life. 3.Today, I'm not_________________(allow) to play computer games. 4.MP3 is used for__________________(help) us to improve our English. 5.No doubt___________________(clone) can help save those animals in danger. （二）将方框中所给词以适当形式填空 be made of be made from be made in be made up of 1.This pen _______________China. 2.The paper ______________ wood. 3. The passage______________three parts. 4.The scarf ______________silk. be dues for be used as be used by be used to 5.Stamps __________________ sending letters. 6.Knives____________________ cut things. 7.Recorders______________________English teachers. 8.The same words __________________describe his feelings. 9.Mobile phones___________________ tools that make people communicate easily. 10. English ___________ widely ______________ many people from different countries. （三）将下列句子改为被动语态 1. I should tell them an interesting story before they go to bed. _________________________________________________________ 2.You can keep the book for a week. _________________________________________________________ 3.You should repair it first. _________________________________________________________ 4.You must hand in your homework tomorrow morning. _________________________________________________________ 5.We shouldn't throw waste paper everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean. __________________________________________________________ （四）翻译下列句子 1.我梦想有一天能够飞上月球。 I_____________ ________________flying to the moon one day． 2.中国再次成功发射了人造卫星。 China has____________ __________the man-made satellite into space successfully again. 3.杨利伟是我们的民族英雄。 Yang Liwei is our________________ __________________ . 4.他对计算机技术不是很了解。 He_________ __________ __________ _____________ about computer technology． 5.金属可以制成各种各样的物品。 Metal can be____________ ________________ all kinds of things. 6.虽然我肯定他就在那儿，但他不回答我。 I________ ___________ _____________that He's there, but he doesn't answer me. 7.只要是在天气好，能看见星星的晚上，这种方法就很有用。 This method_________ __________at night________ _________ ____________the weather was good and the stars could be seen. 8.这部电影改编于科幻小说。 This film__________ __________ __________ a science fiction story. 9.警察远远地跟着他。 The police followed him_____________ _______________ ___________． 10.我们的成功远远超出我们的预想。 Our success was____________ _____________what we thought. 三 、将方框中所给单词的正确形式填入短文。 earth, take, dry, live, slow, on ，leave, jump, fly, praise Some day you may go to the moon. A tall rocket will 1 you into space. The rocket _ 2 a long way to a space station. You will stop there for a short time. Then a big spaceship will take you to the moon . About three days later, the ship slowly goes down and gets to the moon. You are now on the moon, but you can not 3 your spaceship. You must put on a space suit for the moon. It is very hot in the day and very cold at night. If you don't wear a space suit, you can't live there. You 4 out of the spaceship and begin to walk. The moon is much smaller than the earth. The things on the moon are lighter than those on the 5 . You jump high in the air every time you take a step. The moon moves 6 , so one day on the moon is as 7 as two weeks on the earth. It never rains on the moon, and everything on the moon is 8 . There are no threes or other 9 things of any kind. There is nothing to do there. The earth is a far better place to live 10 , but scientists are trying to make the best of the moon. 四．完形填空 （2025·福建·二模）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Kitty Lunn decided to be a dancer when she was 8. By the time she was 15, she studied with famous teachers and danced in well-known ballets such as Swan Lake and The Nutcracker. When she was 1 , Kitty moved to New York City, where she worked as an actress and a dancer. Kitty was getting ready to perform in her first Broadway (百老汇) show when her life 2 forever. While hurrying to practice, Kitty slipped (滑到) on some ice. She 3 a flight of stairs and broke her back. After the accident, she could move her arms and body 4 not her legs. She had to use a wheelchair to get around. At first, Kitty thought her life as a dancer was over. But she didn’t lose 5 in life and learned something important. Kitty found a way to 6 doing what she loved. In 1994, Kitty Lunn started Infinity Dance Theater. Its members are 7 with and without disabilities. They use movements from ballet, modern dance, and jazz. Kitty uses a special lightweight wheelchair. When the 1996 Olympics were held in Atlanta, Kitty was there. She performed a dance called The Dancer Within. This title 8 describes what Kitty believes. The Infinity dancers perform all over the world. They also help dance teachers learn to work with 9 students. There are many other dance companies that include both wheelchair and standing dancers. Each of them would agree with Kitty’s advice when she says, “Listen to the dancer in your 10 .” There’s always a way to dance! 1．A．older B．thinner C．busier 2．A．improved B．succeeded C．changed 3．A．pulled down B．fell down C．cut down 4．A．or B．and C．but 5．A．face B．weight C．confidence 6．A．suggest B．continue C．avoid 7．A．workers B．teachers C．dancers 8．A．widely B．exactly C．seriously 9．A．impolite B．dishonest C．disabled 10．A．heart B．company C．school 五．语法填空 （2025·福建·二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式 (不超过两个词)，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Shadow play (皮影戏), one of the oldest operas in China, started in ancient Chang’an over 2,000 years ago. Shadow play was developed 1 (rapid) in the Tang and Song Dynasties. It was a popular folk drama in ancient China 2 also the ancestor (祖先) of films in the world. At that time, it 3 (bring) people pleasure as modern movies and TVs do. Actors sing with the music, and control shadow tools at 4 same time. The contents of those plays are more about traditional historical dramas and 5 (story). Shadow play 6 (be) the treasure among the world’s culture and art. Chinese Shadow play is the 7 (early) art of motion (移动) shadow pictures dubbed (配音) by people in the world. This ancient art has been very popular. It has provided the Chinese people 8 a lot of joyful time for thousands of years. Shadow play played an important role in 9 (lead) the invention and development of the modern movies. Several years ago, shadow play 10 (list) in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists (联合国非遗名录). 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题19 九上Units 4 （复习讲义）（仁爱科普版教材梳理） 目录 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 思维导图·网络构建 2 考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 6 考点3 重点句型 8 考点4 重点语法 10 优题精选·练能提分 15 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 12个课标单词及拓展解析 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用被动语态 4. 熟练运用定语从句 易混词辨析 1.辨析 be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by与be made into 2.辨析 realize, achieve与come true 重点句型 1.When was it invented? 2.“A wonderful movie will be shown tonight.” 3.“Then our dreams will be realized.” 4.It has been+一段时间+ since +从句 / It is+一段时间+ since +从句 5.“He is our national hero who traveled around the earth in Shenzhou V for 21 hours in 2003” 6.“China is the third nation that sent a person into space” 7.“It’s a spaceship which was launched as China’s first lunar probe” 8.“Spaceships which now mainly use electronic controls used to be controlled by astronauts.” 重点语法 被动语态 关系代词(that/which/who)引导的定语从句 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析和句型会融合到各种题型中考查。 被动语态、定语从句是高频考点，主要在单项选择、完形填空、和语法填空中考查。 （1）重点词汇背默 见下文 （2）易混词辨析 1.辨析 be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by与be made into 2.辨析 realize, achieve与come true （3）句型精讲 1.When was it invented? 2.“A wonderful movie will be shown tonight.” 3.“Then our dreams will be realized.” 4.It has been+一段时间+ since +从句 / It is+一段时间+ since +从句 5.“He is our national hero who traveled around the earth in Shenzhou V for 21 hours in 2003” 6.“China is the third nation that sent a person into space” 7.“It’s a spaceship which was launched as China’s first lunar probe” 8.“Spaceships which now mainly use electronic controls used to be controlled by astronauts.” （4）单元语法 1.被动语态2.关系代词(that/which/who)引导的定语从句 考点1 重点词汇 一．重点词汇背默及拓展 1.invent v.发明→ invention n.发明，创造→ inventor n.发明者；发明家 2.think v.认为;想→ thought（过去式/过去分词） → thought n.想法，看法；主意 1.describe v.描述；形容；把……称为→ description n.描述，形容 2.general adj.一般的，普通的；大体的→ generally adv.一般地，通常 3.electricity n.电；电能→ electronic adj.电子的［新课标增］→ electric adj.用电的；电动的 4.doubt n.& v.怀疑，疑惑→ doubtful adj.不确定的，怀疑的 5.inside prep.在……内（里） adv.在里面→ outside （反义词） prep.在……外面adv.在外面 6.connect v.连接；把……联系起来→ connection n.连接；关系 75.certain adj.确定的，无疑的；一定会……→ certainly adv.无疑；当然 8.wife n.妻子，太太→ wives （pl.） 9.paint n.油漆v.用颜料画→ painter n.画家；油漆匠→ painting n.绘画 二．重点单词解析 1.weigh的用法 —How heavy is the biggest blue whale? —As I know, it weighs about 240,000 kilos. 归纳拓展 对重量进行提问，可以用以下几种句型： How much does sth./sb.weigh? How heavy is sth./sb.? What's the weight of sth./sb.? What's one's weight? 用weigh或weight的正确形式填空。 1.A train can 　 　 more than 30,000 kilos!  2.He has grown both in height and 　 　.   3.Cao Chong is known for coming up with the simple way to 　 　 the elephant when he was a child.   4.A football 　 　 about 400 grams.  5.I 　 　 245 pounds and was out of shape.  1.weigh　2.weight　3.weigh　4.weighs 5.weighed 2.doubt的用法 There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business.毫无疑问，电脑在技术和商业领域中是非常有用的。 词性及含义 用法 n.疑惑，疑问 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问…… without doubt（一般用于句首）毫无疑问 be in doubt不确定；拿不准 v.怀疑 用于肯定句中，后接if或whether引导的宾语从句 用于否定句或疑问句中，后接that引导的宾语从句，that可省略 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.毫无疑问,她适合这个工作。 　 　 she is suitable for the job.  2.我们真的怀疑Robert是否能通过攀岩测试,因为他错过了很多训练。 　 　 Robert will pass the rock climbing test, for he missed a lot of training.  1.There's no doubt that　2.We really doubt whether/if 3.warn的用法 Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning. 按要求完成下列练习。 1.He warned me 　 　(keep) away from this bad habit.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  2.She 　 　(warn) that if she did it again, she would lose her job.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  3.He was about to run across the street when I warned him 　 　 the danger.(用适当的介词填空)  4.Doctors gave a 　 　(warn) against eating any junk food.(用所给词的适当形式填空)  5.They warned us not to climb the mountain in such bad weather. (变为同义句) They 　 　 not to climb the mountain in such bad weather.  6.警察提醒他不要在红灯亮着时横穿马路。(根据汉语意思完成句子) The policeman warned him 　 　the road when the traffic light is red.  1.to keep　2.was warned　3.about/of　4.warning 5.gave us a warning　6.not to cross 随堂训练 1.The computer has influenced our life a lot since it 　 　 (invent).  2.A 　 　 (think) is an idea that you have in your mind.  3.Li Lei is getting fatter and fatter these days, so he must take action to lose 　 　(weigh).  4.According to Wang Jun's 　 　(describe), the police caught the robber successfully.   5.Now some kinds of 　 　(electricity) products have changed our life greatly, such as computers and mobile phones.  6.The robots in the future 　 　(may) start to think for themselves.  7.This is a valuable 　 　(paint), so you must take good care of it.  1.was invented　2.thought　3.weight　4.description 　5.electronic　6.may/might　7.painting 1．（2024·四川自贡·一模）—In most countries, it is impolite to ask a woman ________. —Oh, I see. A． whether has she got married B．what is her age C．how much she weighs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在大多数国家，问女士体重是不礼貌的。——哦，我知道了。 考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，A和B都是疑问语序，排除在外，故选C。 2．（2023·福建漳州·一模）There’s no doubt ________ China is a safe place to live. A．if B．that C．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，中国是一个安全的地方来居住。 考查同位语从句。if如果，是否；that名词性从句中为连接词，无意义；whether是否。根据“There’s no doubt”和“China is a safe place to live”可知，There is no doubt that+完整句子“……是毫无疑问的”，此处的that引导同位语从句，在句子中不做成分，只起连接作用。故选B。 3．（2022·福建福州·模拟预测）At first, I doubted ________, but it later turned out that they were the pride of China. A．that the girls would lose the football match B．if the girls could win the football match C．how the girls could win the football match 【答案】B 【详解】句意：刚开始，我怀疑女生们是否能赢得足球比赛，但是后来证明她们是中国的骄傲。 考查宾语从句。doubt的否定形式，后面接的宾语从句，用that引导宾语从句，doubt的肯定形式，后面接宾语从句，用if/whether引导；根据“but it later turned out that they were the pride of China.”可知，此处表示她们是否会赢，故选B。 4．（2025·福建厦门·二模）—Surprising! Our little son stays away from that pool. —Good boy. I ________ him not to get close to it twice. A．have warned B．will warn C．was warning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——令人惊讶！我们的小儿子远离了那个水池。——好孩子，我已经警告过他两次不要靠近它了。 考查动词时态。have warned现在完成时；will warn一般将来时；was warning过去进行时。根据“twice”可知，表示已经警告过他两次不要接近它，用现在完成时，have/has done，主语为I，用have。故选A。 5．（2025·福建三明·一模）Our teachers and parents always warn us ________ in the river. It’s too dangerous. A．not swim B．swimming C．not to swim 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的老师和父母总是警告我们不要在河里游泳。太危险了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Our teachers and parents always warn us…in the river”可知，此处是说“警告我们不要游泳”，warn sb not to do sth“警告某人不做某事”。故选C。 考点2 易混词辨析 1.辨析 be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by与be made into What's it made of?它是由什么制成的？ 含义及用法 be made of 后跟原材料，表示“由……制成”，从成品中可以看出原材料 be made from 后跟原材料，表示“由……制成”，从成品中看不出原材料 be made in 后跟地点或时间，表示“在某地/某时制造” be made by 后跟人，表示“由某人制造” be made into 后跟成品，表示“被制成……” 2.Grapes can be made wine. 3.The chair in the kitchen was made a local worker. 4.The mobile phones made China are very popular all over the world now. 5.The cake is made butter, sugar and eggs.It tastes delicious. 1.into 2.by 3.in 4.from 2.辨析 realize, achieve与come true Then our dreams will be realized.那么我们的梦想就会实现 含义及用法 realize “实现，将……变为现实”，常用于“sb.+realize（s）+one's dream/goal”结构，主语为物时通常用于被动语态 achieve “实现；达到”，常用于“sb.+achieve（s）+one's dream/goal”结构，主语为物时通常用于被动语态 come true “实现，成真，成为现实”，后面不接宾语,无被动语态 1.In order to __C_ her dream, she experienced a lot of failures and pains. A.come true B.accept C.realize 4.After years of hard work, her dream __B_. A.achieved B.was realized C.was come true 1．（2025·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）Books are made ________ paper and paper is made ________ wood. A．of, of B．of, from. C．from, of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：书是用纸做的，纸是用树木做的。 考查介词辨析。be made of由……制成（可以看出原材料）；be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）。书由纸制成，纸的形态未完全改变，因此第一空是of，木材加工为纸浆后变成纸，无法直接看出木材形态，因此第二空是from。故选B。 2．（2025·福建福州·三模）Dreams won’t come true ________ you work hard for them. A．so B．unless C．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：梦想不会实现，除非你为此努力奋斗。 考查unless引导的条件状语从句。so因此；unless除非；until直到。根据“Dreams won’t come true”和“you work hard for them”可知，除非你为梦想努力奋斗，否则梦想不会实现，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 3．（2021·福建泉州·二模）—Helen practiced hardest among us and she won first prize in the competition. —A dream can’t come true ________ hard work. A．over B．through C．without 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Helen在我们当中练得最刻苦，她在比赛中获得了第一名。——不努力，梦想是不可能实现的。 考查介词辨析。over超过；through通过；without没有。根据“A dream can’t come true … hard work”可知，没有努力的工作，是不会实现梦想的，故选C。 考点3 重点句型 表达希望和愿望 1.I wish I could go into space some day.我梦想有一天可以遨游太空。 2.I hope your dream will come true.我希望你的梦想可以实现。 3.Inventing is interesting and exciting and everyone can be an inventor.发明既有趣又令人兴奋,每个人都可以成为一位发明家。 谈论过去的事件 4.It's said that he invented more than two thousand things during his life.据说他（托马斯·爱迪生）一生中发明了两千多种东西。 谈论未来的事情 1.We will be able to do anything that can be done on the earth.我们将能够做在地球上能做的任何事。 2.I think you should first master some basic computer skills.我认为你首先应该掌握一些基本的计算机技能。 3.Let's work hard.Then our dreams will be realized.让我们努力学习。然后我们的梦想就会实现。 谈论科技，表达情感，给出建议 1.All of you must be very proud.你们大家一定都很自豪。 2.It proves that China has made great progress in its space industry.那证明中国已在航天事业上取得了巨大进步。 3.There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business.毫无疑问,电脑在技术和商业领域中很有使用价值。 随堂训练 1.It 　 　(由……制成) metal.  2.It 　 　(被用来……) sending satellites or spaceships into space.  3.I hope your dream will 　 　(实现).  4.　 　(据说……) he invented more than two thousand things during his life.  5.Inventions 　 　(产生) in many ways.  6.　 　(……中没有一个) these things was planted in fields.  7.　 　 your inventions 　 　(与……分享……) others.  8.We will 　 　(能够做任何……的事) can be done on the earth.  9.Some scientists believe that aliens can be found in 　 　(外太空).  10.But I 　 　 science 　 　(与……相比更喜欢……) dance.  11.The gravity on the surface of Mars is about 　 　(五分之二) as strong as it is on the earth.  12.It's a spaceship which was launched as China's first 　 　(月球探测器).  13.There is 　 　(毫无疑问) computers are very useful in technology and business.  14.　 　(例如), if we work on computers too long, we may get headaches or sore eyes.  15.No one knows 　 　(确切地), but most people think that robots will be part of our lives.  16.In a few years, perhaps robots will 　 　(自行思考), just as people use their brains and act for themselves.  1.is made of　2.is used for　3.come true　4.It's said that5.come about　6.None of　7.Share　with　8.be able to do anything that　9.outer space　10.prefer　to　11.two-fifths　12.lunar probe　13.no doubt that　14.For instance　15.for certain　16.think on their own 1．（25-26九年级上·福建泉州·周测）A: I wish I could go into space some day. B: I hope . 【答案】your dream can come true 【详解】根据“I wish I could go into space some day.”可知此处应祝福对方的梦想成真，即I hope your dream can come true。故填your dream can come true。 2．（25-26九年级上·福建泉州·周测）A: My English teacher said I need to practice writing more. What do you think I should do? B: You can every day. 【答案】keep a diary in English 【详解】根据“My English teacher said I need to practice writing more. What do you think I should do?”可知，回答应针对如何提高英语写作给出具体建议。英语中“记日记”常用“keep a diary”，结合语境可补充为“keep a diary in English”，表示每天用英语写日记，符合逻辑，情态动词can后用动词原形。故填keep a diary in English。 3．（25-26九年级上·福建泉州·周测）A: What’s the lock used for? B: The lock . 【答案】is used for locking the door 【详解】根据“A: What’s the lock used for?”可知，此处是回答这把锁的用途，可回答为“这把锁被用来锁门”，be used for“被用来”，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，be用is；for后需跟动名词，locking the door“锁门”。故填is used for locking the door。 4.（25-26九年级上·福建南平·月考） A: ? B: The radio was invented by Guglielmo Marconi. 【答案】Who was the radio invented by? 【详解】根据答语“The radio was invented by Guglielmo Marconi.”可知，问句应该是“收音机是谁发明的?”，对人提问用who，因为收音机是过去被发明，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the radio是单数，be动词用was。故填Who was the radio invented by? 考点4 重点语法 一般过去时的被动语态 1.概念 表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。 2.结构 was/were＋及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构： ①肯定句：主语＋was/were＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他). Some trees were planted by students on Tree Planting Day.在植树节学生们种了一些树。 ②否定句：主语＋was/were not＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他). The computer wasn’t bought yesterday.昨天没买电脑。 ③一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)？ Was this desk made by your father？这张桌子是你爸爸做的吗？ ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)？ When was he called a hero？他什么时候被称为英雄的？ 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.A new kind of glasses 　was invented　(invent) last year to help people read e-books without using their hands. 2.June 8th 　was named　(name) by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. 3.(2023温州改编)As a new member of the club， Tina 　was invited　(invite) to have a party with the other members yesterday. 看图写话 4.　build， 1886　　The bridge was built in 1886.　 5.　when， invent　　When was the bike invented？　 一般将来时的被动语态 1.概念 表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动动作。 2.结构 shall/will＋be＋及物动词的过去分词(shall常用于第一人称； will用于各种人称) 一般将来时的被动语态的句式结构： ①肯定句：主语＋shall/will＋be done(＋其他). The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 ②否定句：主语＋shall/will＋not＋be done(＋其他). The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.展览不会推迟到下周举办。 ③一般疑问句：Shall/Will＋主语＋be done(＋其他)？ Will water be turned into ice when it is below freezing point？ 如果温度在冰点之下，水会变成冰吗？ ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋shall/will＋主语＋be done(＋其他)？ When will these books be published？这些书将在什么时候出版？ 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.－The school sports meet is coming. －Yes. It 　will be held　(hold) next week. 2.－Can I move into the new room？　－No， you can’t. It 　will be painted　(paint) soon. 3.(2024厦门同安区二模改编)－After watching the 3·15 news， I am worried about the food safety in our society. －More actions 　will be taken　(take) to solve the problem in the future. 完成句子 4.(2023广州)我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。 I hope one day my art works 　will　 　be　 　shown　 in the art gallery. 关系代词(that/which/who)引导的定语从句 复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词后。引导定语从句的关系代词包括that、 which、 who等。 关系代词在定语从句中所作成分以及指代内容如下： (1)which→主语、宾语(指物) She has a small office which is used for private discussions.她有一间小办公室，用于私人会谈。 (2)who→主语、宾语、表语(指人) This is the boy who often helps me.这就是经常帮助我的那个男孩。 (3)that→主语、宾语、表语(指人或物) You can accomplish all that you desire if you put your heart and soul in it.如果你全身心投入，你就能实现你所渴望的一切。 1.(2024长春改编)As a science lover， I hope I can invent a bike 　which/that　 can fly in the sky. 2.(2024乐山改编)－I’ll never forget the experiences 　which/that　 we had in the volunteer work last summer. －Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. 3.(2023三明一检改编)－What can we do for the left-home children in the village 　who/that　 need help？ －We can help them with their study online on weekends. 4.－Do you know the girl　who/that　 is talking with our teacher？ －Oh， she is my sister. 1．（2025·福建福州·三模）The new space station ________ by Chinese scientists next month. A．completes B．is completed C．will be completed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个新的空间站将于下个月由中国科学家完成。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据下文“by Chinese scientists next month.”可知，“next month”是一般将来时的时间标志，且“space station”和“complete”之间是被动关系（空间站被完成），所以要用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”。故选C。 2．（2025·福建龙岩·二模）The 12th World Games ________ in Chengdu from August 7 to 17, 2025. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：第12届世界运动会将于2025年8月7日至17日在成都举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。is held一般现在时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态。根据“from August 7 to 17, 2025”可知，句子描述的是将来的事情，且主语“The 12th World Games”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，即运动会是被举行的，所以应该用一般将来时的被动语态“will be + 过去分词”。故选C。 3．（2025·福建泉州·三模）In the future, more foreign tourists ________ to experience the visa-free entry policy in China. A．were attracted B．are attracted C．will be attracted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在未来，将会有更多的外国游客被吸引来体验中国的免签政策。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the future”可知，此处用一般将来时态；主语“foreign tourists”和“attract”之间是被动关系，即“外国游客被吸引”，所以应该用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是“will be + 过去分词”。故选C。 4．（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Beijing Opera ________ to more schools in the future. —That’s so great. A．is introduced B．was introduced C．will be introduced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在未来，京剧将走进更多学校。——那太棒了。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the future”可知，本句为一般将来时；句子主语Beijing Opera和动词“introduce”之间为被动关系，因此此处为一般将来时的被动，故选C。 5．（2025·福建南平·二模）You can order food online and it ________ to you soon. A．is sent B．was sent C．will be sent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你可以网上订餐，它很快就会被送到你手上。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“soon (很快)”可知，时态是一般将来时，主语it和谓语之间是动宾关系，表示“被送”，所以用一般将来时的被动语态 (will be done)，故选C。 6．（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）I like musicians ________ quiet and slow music. A．which plays B．who play C．which play 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢那些演奏安静和慢音乐的乐手。 考查定语从句关系词。who 指人，在从句中作主语；which 指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；此处先行词musicians是人，故用who；且musicians为复数，从句谓语动词需用动词原形。故选B。 7．（2024·福建厦门·二模）—Nowadays young people use “digital pickled vegetables (电子榨菜)” to describe the videos ________ they watch while eating. —Yes. And these videos are often about daily life. They’re easy to watch and enjoy. A．who B．what C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——如今年轻人用“电子榨菜”来形容他们吃东西时看的视频。——那是真的。并且这些视频通常是关于日常生活的。它们很容易看并且很好看。 考查定语从句。根据“Nowadays young people use ‘digital pickled vegetables (电子榨菜)’ to describe the videos ... they watch while eating.”可知，空处到句末是定语从句，what不引导定语从句，排除B选项，结合先行词“videos”可知，此处指代物，应用that。故选C。 8．（2025·福建泉州·一模）—During the Paris Olympic Games, the Chinese athletes won a total of 40 gold medals. —They are the role models in this new age ________ we should learn from. A．when B．who C．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在巴黎奥运会上，中国运动员共获得40枚金牌。——他们是这个新时代的榜样，我们应该向他们学习。 考查定语从句。when何时；who谁；which哪一个。根据“They are the role models in this new age ... we should learn from.”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是role models，指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用who引导定语从句。故选B。 9．（23-24九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）A best friend is a person ________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”. A．who B．which C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：最好的朋友就是当你需要他或她时，总是会出现的那个人。俗话说：“患难见真情”。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a person，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选A。 10．（2025·福建厦门·一模）Duolingo is a useful app ________ offers many language courses. A．which B．who C．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Duolingo是一个有用的应用程序，提供许多语言课程。 考查定语从句关系词。which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。先行词app指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故选A。 一、词汇训练 1.Please put them_________________（门后） 2.I hear someone______________（唱歌）in the next room. 3.The cruel boss made workers________________(工作)for 12 hours a day. 4.Can you make yourself___________________（被理解）in foreign countries? 5.The pandas that were sent to Taiwan are___________ __________ _____________（身体很好） with the care of raisers. 6.__________ ___________ ___________ ____________（毫无疑问）that learning English well is very important to teenagers. 7.She is a patient teacher. She often replies_____________ _____________ _____________（一遍又一遍）． 8.She is________________ _____________（为……而骄傲）her clever child. 9.We'll go abroad for a journey _____________ _____________ _____________（只要）our money is enough. 10.The wine _____________ _____________ _____________（由……制成）grapes and it tastes nice. 11.I_____________ ____________ ______________（肯定）that he is at home. 12.He has done a lot of useful things__________ _________ _____________（在他一生中）． 13.The story that you told me yesterday___________ _____________ _____________（以……为基础）a real thing． 14.Put the stone____________ ____________ ____________ _____________（相隔）about 20 meters from the door. 15.They will_____________ _____________ _____________(能)study in my study. 16.I forgot his telephone number.______________ _____________（更糟糕的是），I forgot his address , too. 1.behind the door 2.singing 3. work 4. understood 5. in good health 6. There is no doubt 7.again and again 8. proud of 9. as long as 10. is made from 11. know for certain/sure 12. in/during his life 13. is based on 14. at distance of 15 .be able to 16 .What’s worse 二、语法解析 （一）用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The radio was_________________(invent) by Guglielmo Marconi in 1895. 2.Cellphones are__________________(wide) used in people's daily life. 3.Today, I'm not_________________(allow) to play computer games. 4.MP3 is used for__________________(help) us to improve our English. 5.No doubt___________________(clone) can help save those animals in danger. 1.invented 2.widely 3.allowed 4.helping 5.cloning （二）将方框中所给词以适当形式填空 be made of be made from be made in be made up of 1.This pen _______________China. 2.The paper ______________ wood. 3. The passage______________three parts. 4.The scarf ______________silk. be dues for be used as be used by be used to 5.Stamps __________________ sending letters. 6.Knives____________________ cut things. 7.Recorders______________________English teachers. 8.The same words __________________describe his feelings. 9.Mobile phones___________________ tools that make people communicate easily. 10. English ___________ widely ______________ many people from different countries. 1.is made in 2.is made from 3.is made up of 4.is made of 5.are used for 6.are used to 7.are used by 8.were used to 9.are used as 10.is used; by （三）将下列句子改为被动语态 1. I should tell them an interesting story before they go to bed. _________________________________________________________ 2.You can keep the book for a week. _________________________________________________________ 3.You should repair it first. _________________________________________________________ 4.You must hand in your homework tomorrow morning. _________________________________________________________ 5.We shouldn't throw waste paper everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean. __________________________________________________________ 1.An interesting story should be told to them before they go to bed. 2.The book can be kept for a week. 3.It should be repaired first. 4.Your homework must be handed in tomorrow morning. 5.Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere.It’s our duty to keep our city clean. （四）翻译下列句子 1.我梦想有一天能够飞上月球。 I_____________ ________________flying to the moon one day． 2.中国再次成功发射了人造卫星。 China has____________ __________the man-made satellite into space successfully again. 3.杨利伟是我们的民族英雄。 Yang Liwei is our________________ __________________ . 4.他对计算机技术不是很了解。 He_________ __________ __________ _____________ about computer technology． 5.金属可以制成各种各样的物品。 Metal can be____________ ________________ all kinds of things. 6.虽然我肯定他就在那儿，但他不回答我。 I________ ___________ _____________that He's there, but he doesn't answer me. 7.只要是在天气好，能看见星星的晚上，这种方法就很有用。 This method_________ __________at night________ _________ ____________the weather was good and the stars could be seen. 8.这部电影改编于科幻小说。 This film__________ __________ __________ a science fiction story. 9.警察远远地跟着他。 The police followed him_____________ _______________ ___________． 10.我们的成功远远超出我们的预想。 Our success was____________ _____________what we thought. 1.dream of 2. sent up 3. national hero 4. knows only a little 5.made into 6. know for certain 7. worked well; as long as 8. is based on 9. at a distance 10. far beyond 三 、将方框中所给单词的正确形式填入短文。 earth, take, dry, live, slow, on ，leave, jump, fly, praise Some day you may go to the moon. A tall rocket will 1 you into space. The rocket _ 2 a long way to a space station. You will stop there for a short time. Then a big spaceship will take you to the moon . About three days later, the ship slowly goes down and gets to the moon. You are now on the moon, but you can not 3 your spaceship. You must put on a space suit for the moon. It is very hot in the day and very cold at night. If you don't wear a space suit, you can't live there. You 4 out of the spaceship and begin to walk. The moon is much smaller than the earth. The things on the moon are lighter than those on the 5 . You jump high in the air every time you take a step. The moon moves 6 , so one day on the moon is as 7 as two weeks on the earth. It never rains on the moon, and everything on the moon is 8 . There are no threes or other 9 things of any kind. There is nothing to do there. The earth is a far better place to live 10 , but scientists are trying to make the best of the moon. 1.take 2.flies 3.leave 4. jump 5. earth 6. slowly 7. long 8. dry 9. living 10. on 四．完形填空 （2025·福建·二模）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Kitty Lunn decided to be a dancer when she was 8. By the time she was 15, she studied with famous teachers and danced in well-known ballets such as Swan Lake and The Nutcracker. When she was 1 , Kitty moved to New York City, where she worked as an actress and a dancer. Kitty was getting ready to perform in her first Broadway (百老汇) show when her life 2 forever. While hurrying to practice, Kitty slipped (滑到) on some ice. She 3 a flight of stairs and broke her back. After the accident, she could move her arms and body 4 not her legs. She had to use a wheelchair to get around. At first, Kitty thought her life as a dancer was over. But she didn’t lose 5 in life and learned something important. Kitty found a way to 6 doing what she loved. In 1994, Kitty Lunn started Infinity Dance Theater. Its members are 7 with and without disabilities. They use movements from ballet, modern dance, and jazz. Kitty uses a special lightweight wheelchair. When the 1996 Olympics were held in Atlanta, Kitty was there. She performed a dance called The Dancer Within. This title 8 describes what Kitty believes. The Infinity dancers perform all over the world. They also help dance teachers learn to work with 9 students. There are many other dance companies that include both wheelchair and standing dancers. Each of them would agree with Kitty’s advice when she says, “Listen to the dancer in your 10 .” There’s always a way to dance! 1．A．older B．thinner C．busier 2．A．improved B．succeeded C．changed 3．A．pulled down B．fell down C．cut down 4．A．or B．and C．but 5．A．face B．weight C．confidence 6．A．suggest B．continue C．avoid 7．A．workers B．teachers C．dancers 8．A．widely B．exactly C．seriously 9．A．impolite B．dishonest C．disabled 10．A．heart B．company C．school 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了舞蹈家基蒂因意外瘫痪后，仍坚持舞蹈梦想并创办包容性舞团的励志故事。 1．句意：长大后，基蒂搬去纽约，在那里她既是演员也是舞者。 older更年长的；thinner更瘦的；busier更忙碌的。根据时间线，8岁决定成为舞者，15岁已与名师学习，之后“长大一些”搬到纽约符合逻辑。故选A。 2．句意：基蒂正准备出演个人首部百老汇剧目时，她的人生彻底改变。 improved改善；succeeded成功；changed改变。根据“Kitty was getting ready to perform in her first Broadway (百老汇) show when her life ... forever.”可知，滑倒事故导致人生“永远改变”，与后文残疾的转折呼应。故选C。 3．句意：一次排练赶路时，她在冰上滑倒，摔下一段楼梯，摔断了脊柱。 pulled down拆毁；fell down摔倒；cut down削减。根据“She ... a flight of stairs and broke her back.”可知，滑倒后“摔下楼梯”符合逻辑。故选B。 4．句意：事故后，她的胳膊和身体能活动，但双腿无法动弹，只能靠轮椅出行。 or或者；and和；but但是。根据“she could move her arms and body ... not her legs.”可知，前后为转折关系。故选C。 5．句意：但她没丧失对生活的信心，还领悟到重要的事。 face脸；weight体重；confidence信心。根据“But she didn’t lose ... in life and learned something important.”可知，没有失去对生活的信心。故选C。 6．句意：基蒂找到继续热爱之事的方法。 suggest建议；continue继续；avoid避免。根据“Kitty found a way to ... doing what she loved.”可知，尽管残疾，她找到“继续”热爱事业的方式。故选B。 7．句意：成员包含舞者，有残障和非残障人士。 workers工人；teachers教师；dancers舞者。根据“Its members are ... with and without disabilities.”可知，舞蹈剧院的成员应为“舞者”。故选C。 8．句意：这个标题精准诠释她的信念。 widely广泛地；exactly确切地；seriously严肃地。根据“This title ... describes what Kitty believes.”可知，这个标题“确切地”表达了她的信念。故选B。 9．句意：他们还助力舞蹈老师学会与残障学生合作。 impolite不礼貌的；dishonest不诚实的；disabled残疾的。根据“They also help dance teachers learn to work with ... students.”可知，帮助舞蹈老师学习与“残疾”学生合作，呼应前文“with disabilities”。故选C。 10．句意：倾听你内心里的舞者声音。 heart内心；company公司；school学校。根据“Listen to the dancer in your ...”可知，“dancer in your heart”为常见比喻，强调内心信念。故选A。 五．语法填空 （2025·福建·二模）阅读下面短文，根据语境在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式 (不超过两个词)，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Shadow play (皮影戏), one of the oldest operas in China, started in ancient Chang’an over 2,000 years ago. Shadow play was developed 1 (rapid) in the Tang and Song Dynasties. It was a popular folk drama in ancient China 2 also the ancestor (祖先) of films in the world. At that time, it 3 (bring) people pleasure as modern movies and TVs do. Actors sing with the music, and control shadow tools at 4 same time. The contents of those plays are more about traditional historical dramas and 5 (story). Shadow play 6 (be) the treasure among the world’s culture and art. Chinese Shadow play is the 7 (early) art of motion (移动) shadow pictures dubbed (配音) by people in the world. This ancient art has been very popular. It has provided the Chinese people 8 a lot of joyful time for thousands of years. Shadow play played an important role in 9 (lead) the invention and development of the modern movies. Several years ago, shadow play 10 (list) in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists (联合国非遗名录). 【答案】1．rapidly 2．and 3．brought 4．the 5．stories 6．is 7．earliest 8．with 9．leading 10．was listed 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国传统艺术形式——皮影戏。 1．句意：皮影戏在唐宋时期发展迅速。根据“Shadow play was developed...”可知，此处修饰动词“developed”，要用副词形式，“rapid”的副词是“rapidly”。故填rapidly。 2．句意：它是中国古代一种流行的民间戏剧，也是世界上电影的祖先。根据“It was a popular folk drama in ancient China...also the ancestor (祖先) of films in the world.”可知，前后是并列关系，用“and”连接。故填and。 3．句意：当时，它像现代电影和电视一样给人们带来快乐。根据“At that time”可知，时态是一般过去时，“bring”的过去式是“brought”。故填brought。 4．句意：演员们随着音乐唱歌，同时控制皮影工具。根据“at...same time”可知，此处是固定短语“at the same time”（同时）。故填the。 5．句意：这些戏剧的内容更多的是关于传统的历史剧和故事。根据“and”可知，此处与“dramas”并列，要用名词复数形式，“story”的复数是“stories”。故填stories。 6．句意：皮影戏是世界文化艺术中的瑰宝。根据“Shadow play...the treasure among the world’s culture and art.”可知，句子是一般现在时，主语“Shadow play”是单数，be动词用“is”。故填is。 7．句意：中国皮影戏是世界上最早由人配音的动态皮影艺术。根据“the...(early) art”可知，此处用形容词最高级，前面要加定冠词“the”，“early”的最高级是“earliest”。故填earliest。 8．句意：几千年来，它给中国人民带来了许多欢乐时光。根据“provided the Chinese people...a lot of joyful time”可知，此处是固定短语“provide sb. with sth.”（给某人提供某物）。故填with。 9．句意：皮影戏在现代电影的发明和发展中发挥了重要作用。根据“in...(lead) the invention and development”可知，介词“in”后接动名词，“lead”的动名词是“leading”。故填leading。 10．句意：几年前，皮影戏被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。根据“Several years ago”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语“shadow play”与“list”是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是单数，be动词用“was”，“list”的过去分词是“listed”。故填was listed。 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $