Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A 核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

Unit 2 Stay Healthy (Section A) 核心知识点精讲精练 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语，斜体为听力文本中短语) 1. stay healthy 保持健康 2. take (good) care of (好好)照顾 3. don’t feel well 感觉不舒服 4. can’t help oneself 忍不住，情不自禁 5. Help yourself！ 请自便！ 6. sore throat 喉咙痛 7. talk too much 讲话太多 8. have a stomachache 胃痛 9. drink some water with honey 喝加蜂蜜的水 10. see a dentist 看牙医 11. fall off 从...上摔下来 12. have a runny nose 流鼻涕 13. bruised knee 淤青的膝盖 14. *suffer from 受苦；受折磨 15. have a very bad headache 严重的头痛 16. get some rest 休息 17. for now 暂时，目前 18. *take a seat 坐下 19. *take one’s temperature 给某人量体温 20. have a fever 发烧 21. get out of bed 起床 22. do a test 做检查 23. have the flu 患流感 24. take some medicine 吃一些药 25. wear a mask 戴口罩 26. *stop...from doing 防止…；阻止… 27. pass the flu virus to others 把流感病毒传播给其他人 28. in your hands 受某人照料；受某人控制 29. get an X-ray 拍X光片 30. clean the cut 清洁伤口 31. in hospital 住院 32. used to 曾经，过去常常 33. *what’s more 更有甚者；更为重要的是 34. change your screen’s brightness 改变屏幕亮度 35. cross the road 过马路 36. in fact 事实上，实际上 37. avoiding using your phone 避免使用手机 38. instead of 代替，而不是 39. send them messages 给他们发信息 40. fall from... 从...摔下来 2、 重点词汇解析 1. ourselves /ˌaʊəˈselvz/ pron. 我们自己 [词汇拓展] self (n.) 自己；our (pron.) 我们的(形容词物主代词)；ours(pron.)我们的(名词性物主代词) we (pron.) 我们；us (pron.) 我们（宾格） [词汇搭配] take care of ourselves 照顾我们自己；by ourselves 我们自己 [词汇例句] We can finish the work by ourselves. 我们可以自己完成这项工作。 [随学随练] 用we适当形式填空 (1) “How can ________ get out now?” Sarah shouted.  (2) Don’t let ________weaknesses make ________feel bad. (3) Their room is on the third floor and ________ is on the fifth floor. (4) —Who taught you English, kids? —Nobody. We just learnt it ________. [词汇用法] · -self/-selves 构成的代词叫作反身代词。第一人称和第二人称的反身代词由形容性物主代词词尾加-self/-selves构成；第三人称的反身代词由宾格代词词尾加-self/-selves构成。 · 同一人称反身代词有单复数之分。 人称 主格人称代词 宾格人称代词 反身代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 I 我 we 我们 me 我 us 我们 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 you 你 you 你们 you 你 you 你们 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他/她/它们 him 他 her 她 it 它 them 他/她/它们 himself 他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己 · 反身代词可以作相同人称的宾语，表示动作的主语和宾语时同一个人。 The girl can dress herself. (注意：不用her) 2. sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 [词汇拓展] soreness (n.) 疼痛 [词汇搭配] have a sore throat 喉咙痛；sore muscles 肌肉酸痛 [词汇例句] I have a sore throat after shouting too much. 大喊大叫后我喉咙痛。 3. throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙 [词汇拓展] throaty (adj.)声音低沉的；嘶哑的 身体部位名词：stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 胃；腹部；back背部；knee膝盖；arm手臂 shoulder 肩膀；neck脖子；waist 腰 [词汇搭配] sore throat 喉咙痛；clear one's throat 清喉咙；have a frog in one’s throat(暂时)失音，嗓音嘶哑 [词汇例句] He cleared his throat and then began to speak. 他清了下嗓子，然后开始讲话。 [随学随练] 单项填空 You’d better drink some hot tea with honey when you have a ________. A．sore throat B．sore back C．toothache D．headache 4. stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/ n. 胃痛；肚子疼 [词汇拓展] stomach (n.) 胃；ache (n./v.) 疼痛 headache /ˈhedeɪk/ n. 头痛；toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/ n. 牙痛；backache /ˈbækeɪk/ n. 背痛；腰痛 [词汇搭配] have a stomachache 胃痛；suffer from stomachache 患胃痛 [词汇例句] She ate too much and had a stomachache. 她吃太多，胃痛了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Dr. Smith, I have ________ stomachache and I couldn’t sleep last night. —You should go to get ________ X-ray first. A．a; a B．a; an C．/; an D．/; a (2) —What’s wrong with you? —I didn’t have breakfast today and I have a ________. A．stomach ache B．headache C．toothache 5. press /pres/ v. 压；按；挤；推 [词汇拓展] pressure (n.) 压力；pressing (adj.) 紧迫的；紧急的 [词汇搭配] press down on your nose 按住你的鼻子；press the button 按按钮；press for不断要求 [词汇例句] She pressed the red button to start the machine. 她按下红色按钮启动机器。 [随学随练] 单项填空 If you have a nosebleed, you can __________ the sides of your nose at once. A．press B．put C．wash D．take 6. nosebleed /ˈnəʊzbliːd/n. 鼻出血 [词汇拓展] nose (n.) 鼻子；bleed (v.) 流血；blood (n.) 血；血液 [词汇搭配] have a nosebleed 流鼻血；stop a nosebleed 止住鼻血 [词汇例句] Whenever I have a cold I get a nosebleed. 每次我感冒都会流鼻血。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What should I do if I ________? —You should put your head down and press the sides of your nose. A．have a fever B．have a cold C．hurt my back D．have a nosebleed 7. dentist /ˈdentɪst/n. 牙科医生 [词汇拓展] dental (adj.) 牙齿的；tooth (n.) 牙齿 doctor医生；physician医师；(尤指)内科医生；surgeon外科医生 [词汇搭配] see a dentist 去看牙医；at the dentist’s牙科诊所 [词汇例句] My mother is a dentist. 我妈妈是一名牙科医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I have a toothache. I want to see a ________. A．nurse B．dentist C．actor D．player 8. fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ n. 发烧；极度兴奋 [词汇拓展] feverish (adj.) 发烧的；激动地 [词汇搭配] have a high fever 发高烧；reduce the fever退烧 [词汇例句] Angie waited in a fever of excitement. 安吉在极度兴奋中等待着。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Your face looks a bit red. —Yeah, my head feels very hot. Maybe I have a ________. A．stomachache B．toothache C．sore throat D．fever (2) —Henry has caught ________ bad cough with ________ high fever. —Really? Is it possible for him to be infected (被感染) with COVID-19? A．a; a B．a;/ C．/;a D．/; / 9. stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 胃；腹部 [词汇拓展] (pl.)stomachs ；stomachache (n.) 胃痛 [词汇搭配] put something warm on your stomach给你的肚子盖上点暖和的东西；stomach pains肚子痛 on an empty stomach空着肚子；on a full stomach饱的肚子 have no stomach for sth对…没有胃口；没有勇气或没有欲望做某事； turn one’s stomach让某人反感或厌恶 have butterflies (in your stomach)（做某事前）心慌，紧张 [随学随练] 用stomach相关表达补全句子 (1) 空腹不宜喝酒。 It's not a good idea to drink . (2) 真相会让你很反感。 The true facts will . (3) 他们不想打架。 They a fight. (4) 你不应该吃饱了就运动。 You shouldn't exercise . (5) 考试前你心里紧张是很自然的。 It’s natural to before an exam. (6) 牛有四个胃。 A cow . 10. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免；防止；回避，躲避 [词汇拓展] avoidable (adj.) 可避免的；avoidance (n.) 避免 [词汇搭配] avoid doing something 避免做某事；avoid danger 避免危险；avoid sb. 回避某人 avoid the rush hour避开交通高峰时刻 [词汇例句] She kept avoiding my eyes .她总是躲避我的目光。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He avoided __________ mistakes by practicing it over and over again. A．made B．making C．to make D．makes 11. gas /ɡæs/ n. 气体；燃气；(=gasoline/petrol)汽油 [词汇拓展] solid(n.)固体；liquid(n.)液体 [词汇搭配] natural gas 天然气；greenhouse gas温室气体；gas stove 燃气灶；a gas station加油站 [词汇用法] · gas泛指“气体”，用作不可数名词；表示“气体”的种类时，是可数名词。 Air is a mixture of gases. 空气为混合气体。 · gas表示“燃气”，“汽油”都是不可数名词。 Coal is actually cheaper than gas. 煤实际上比煤气便宜 12. ache /eɪk/ n. & v. 疼痛；v. 渴望 [词汇拓展] achy(adj.)疼痛的；headache (n.) 头痛；toothache (n.) 牙痛；heartache(n.)痛心；伤心 [词汇搭配] have an ache in... ...部位痛；aches and pains 疼痛；ache for 渴望；ache to do渴望做某事 [词汇例句] I'm aching all over. 我周身疼痛。 13. careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的 [词汇拓展] carelessly (adv.) 粗心地；carelessness (n.) 粗心；care(n./v.)关心，在意 careful(adj.)认真的，仔细的；carefully(adv.)认真地，仔细地 [词汇搭配] careless mistake 粗心的错误；a careless driver 粗心的司机 [随学随练] 用care适当形式填空 (1) Be ______ when you cross the street, or you may get hurt. (2) We should take good ______ of the elderly around us. (3) His failure in the exam was mainly caused by his ______. (4) She listened ______ to the teacher's words and wrote down all the key points. (5) It was ______ of him to leave the door unlocked when he went out. (6) The little boy did his homework so ______ that he made lots of mistakes. 14. runny /ˈrʌni/ adj. 流鼻涕的，流眼泪的；水分太多的，稀的 [词汇拓展] run (v.) 流；runny nose 流鼻涕 [词汇搭配] have a runny nose 流鼻涕；runny eyes 流泪的眼睛；runny honey水分过多的蜂蜜 [词汇例句] She has a runny nose because of a cold. 她因感冒而流鼻涕。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Look at the picture. What happened to the boy? A．He cut his finger. B．He broke his knife. C．He had a sore throat. D．He had a runny nose. 15. cough /kɒf/ n. & v. 咳嗽 [词汇拓展] coughing (n.) 咳嗽 [词汇搭配] have a cough 咳嗽 [词汇例句] He has a bad cough and should see a doctor. 他咳嗽厉害，应该看医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空 You often__________, Bill. Stop smoking, and you’ll get better soon. A．cough B．laugh C．cry D．sleep 16. suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ v. 受苦；遭受；变差，变糟 [词汇拓展] suffering (n.) 疼痛；苦难；sufferer (n.) 受苦者 [词汇搭配] suffer from 受苦；受折磨；suffer pain 遭受痛苦；suffer loss 遭受损失 [词汇用法] · suffer from 表示“因...而痛苦，受苦”，其后常接疾病名词或表示造成痛苦的原因。 如：He suffers from asthma.他患有哮喘。 Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff. 许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。 · suffer作及物动词，表示“遭受”，后常接loss(损失)，pain(痛苦)，punishment(惩罚)等。表示“受” 如：The company suffered a big loss last year. 公司去年遭受了巨大的损失。 · suffer还可以用作不及物动词，表示“变差，变糟”。 如：His health is suffering. 他的健康状况正在变差。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Alice suffered ________ a headache after reading for a long time. A．about B．from C．to D．for 17. test /test/ n.&v. 检查；测验 [词汇拓展] testing(n.)测验；检查 (adj.)难对付的，考验人的 [词汇搭配] take/do a test 参加测验；pass/fail a test 通过/没有通过测验；blood test验血 stand the test of time经得住时间的考验；test sb. on sth.就...测验某人 [词汇例句] To save his people, Shennong decided to test different wild plants by himself. 为了拯救他的族人，神农决定亲自检查不同的野生植物。 [随学随练] 用test相关表达补全句子 (1) Lily was sad because she ____________ (没有通过测验) last week—she didn’t practice enough grammar. (2) Our English teacher often ____________ (就…… 测验我们) new words and expressions after each lesson. (3) We will ____________ (参加测验) on Unit 3 next Monday, so everyone should review carefully. (4) Tom studied very hard for the math exam, so he was happy to ____________ (通过测验) easily. (5) This classic novel has been popular for over 100 years—it really ____________ (经得住时间的考验) 18. flu /fluː/ n. 流行性感冒 [词汇拓展] influenza (n.) 流感 [词汇搭配] catch/have the flu 患流感；get flu患流感；flu season 流感季节 get a flu vaccine接种流感疫苗；a flu shot打预防流感的针 [词汇例句] They get a flu shot before the flu season starts.他们在流感季节开始前接种了流感疫苗。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I have ________ terrible cold. I cough day and night. —You may have ________ flu. You’d better see a doctor. A．the; a B．the; the C．a; the 19. medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药；医学 [词汇拓展] medical (adj.) 医学的 [词汇搭配] take some medicine 服药；traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)中医；study medicine学医 the best medicine（改进状况的）最佳方法；（尤指）除去心病的良方 [词汇例句] Remember smile is the best medicine to cure your illness.记住，微笑是治愈你疾病的最佳良药。 20. virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ n. 病毒 [词汇拓展] (pl.) viruses；viral (adj.) 病毒的 [词汇搭配] the flu virus流感病毒；computer virus 电脑病毒 [词汇例句] You cannot get a virus from an email message alone.仅凭一封电子邮件是无法感染病毒的。 21. description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n. 描写；形容 [词汇拓展] describe (v.) 描述；descriptive (adj.) 描述性的 [词汇搭配] give a description of... 对...提供描述；detailed description 详细描述 [词汇例句] Her description of the event was very clear. 她对事件的描述非常清晰。 22. patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的 [词汇拓展] patience (n.) 耐心；impatient (adj.) 不耐烦的；patiently(adv.)耐心地 [词汇搭配] cancer patients癌症病人；treat patients治疗病人；be patient with 对...有耐心 [随学随练] 用patient的适当形式填空 (1) The little girl waited ______ for her mother outside the supermarket. (2) The nurse led the ______ to the examination room one by one. (3) Don’t be ______ when you are waiting for the bus— it will come soon. (4) As a primary school teacher, Mrs. Li is always ______ with her students. (5) Learning a new language requires time and ______. 23. injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 [词汇拓展] (pl.)injuries；injure (v.) 伤害；injured (adj.) 受伤的 [词汇搭配] serious injury 严重伤害；a head injury头部受伤 [随学随练] 用injury的适当形式填空 (1) The careless driver failed to stop at the red light and ______ a cyclist on the road. (2) The doctor quickly checked the ______ passengers(乘客)and sent the badly hurt ones to the hospital at once. (3) After a careful examination, the nurse wrote down the details of the athlete’s knee ______ in her notebook. [词汇辨析] injury / wound / damage / harm · injury尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤。 如：He suffered a knee injury in the football match.他在足球比赛中膝盖受伤。 · wound 指使身体受伤，尤指用武器伤害；也可用于表示心灵上的创伤。 如：a bullet/knife wound枪伤；刀伤 Seeing him again opened up old wounds .再次见到他打开了旧的创伤。 · damage 指毁坏、破坏、伤害、损害，主要针对无生命的物体。 如：Plastic waste and oil spills can cause serious damage to marine life.塑料垃圾和石油泄漏会对海洋生物造 成严重破坏。 · harm 指伤害、损害，指对物或人造成的伤害，也常用于自然界中的事物受到人类活动的影响。 Some studies show that certain wall colours can do harm to your moods. 一些研究表明，某些墙面颜色会对你的情绪产生不良影响。 24. illness /ˈɪlnəs/ n. 疾病 [词汇拓展] ill (adj.) 生病的；sickness(n.)疾病；患病；disease(n.)病；疾病 [词汇搭配] serious illness 重病；mental illness 精神疾病 [词汇辨析] illness / disease / sickness / ill / sick · illness ,disease , sickness都用作名词，illness和sickness指生病的状态；disease指具体的疾病。 如：She died after a long illness.她久病不愈而亡。 She’s suffering from a disease of the heart. 他患上了心脏病。 ill和sick都用作形容词，都可以表示“生病的”，一般ill用作表语，sick用作表语或定语都可以。 · ill用作定语时，常表示“坏的；不良的；有害的”。 如：She suffered no ill effects from the experience. 这次经历没有使她受到不良影响。 He visited the sick boy. 他去看望了那个生病的小男孩。 Lucy didn’t go to school because she was ill/sick. 露西没有去上学，因为她生病了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Amy’s been ________ for a month. She’s got a serious blood ________. A．ill; sickness B．sickness; illness C．sick; disease D．illness; disease 25. knife /naɪf/ n. 刀 [词汇拓展] (pl.) knives /naɪvz/ [词汇搭配] kitchen knife 厨房用刀；a knife and fork一副刀叉 like a knife through butter轻而易举；毫无困难 [词汇例句] He used a knife to cut the bread. 他用一把刀切面包。 26. clear /klɪə(r)/ adj. 清晰的；清楚的；明显的；晴朗无云的；畅通无阻的 v.清理；变晴朗；使人离开 adv.离开，不靠近 [词汇拓展] clearly (adv.) 清晰地 [词汇搭配] his clearest memory 他最清晰的记忆；clear water 清澈的水 clear out清理；丢掉；clear up天空转晴；使整洁，清理；解答，解释 keep/stay clear of...避开，回避 [词汇例句] The instructions are clear and easy to follow. 指示清晰易懂。 [随学随练] 写出clear在下列句子中的中文意思 (1) The sky cleared after the storm. (2) It is not clear what they want us to do. (3) Clear all those papers off the desk. (4) The road was clear and I ran over. (5) The water was so clear we could see the bottom of the lake. (6) I hope I made it clear to him that he was no longer welcome here. (7) On a clear day you can see France. (8) The police cleared the beach of people. 27. pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦 [词汇拓展] painful (adj.) 疼痛的；painless (adj.) 无痛的 [词汇搭配] the terrible pain in her legs他腿部剧烈的疼痛；the pain of separation离别的痛苦 no pain, no gain不劳则无获；take pains to do/go to great pains to do 煞费苦心；尽心竭力 [词汇例句] He felt a sharp pain in his back. 他背部感到剧痛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What’s wrong with you? —I’ve caught a cold and I’ve got a pain ________ my throat. A．in B．on C．at 28. brightness /ˈbraɪtnəs/ n. 亮度 [词汇拓展] bright (adj.)明亮的；(adv.)光亮地；明亮地；brightly(adv.)明亮地；brighten (v.) (使)变亮 [词汇搭配] change your screen’s brightness改变屏幕亮度 [词汇例句] She adjusted the brightness of the screen. 她调节了屏幕的亮度。 [随学随练] 用bright的适当形式填空 (1) The sun is shining ______ and we can have a picnic in the park. (2) Lucy has a ______ smile that makes everyone around her feel warm. (3) A little gift can ______ up the whole room and bring people closer. (4) We could see the ______ of the stars in the clear night sky. 29. environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 [词汇拓展] environmental (adj.) 环境的；environmentally (adv.) 与环境相关地 environmentalist (n.) 环保主义者 [词汇搭配] match your environment与环境相匹配；protect the environment 保护环境 a pleasant working environment 一个愉快的工作环境 [词汇例句] It’s our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境，人人有责。 [随学随练] 用bright的适当形式填空 (1) We should choose friendly products to reduce pollution to the earth. (2) A well-known will come to our school and give a talk. (3) Air and water pollution are two main problems we need to solve. (4) Plants and animals depend on each other to maintain(维持) a balanced . 30. cross /krɒs/ v. 穿越；横过；交叉 n.叉字形记号，十字形记号 adj.恼怒的；十分愤怒的 [词汇拓展] crossing (n.) 十字路口；across(prep.)在...对面；横过；crossly(adv.)生气地 [词汇搭配] cross the street 过马路；cross his arms 交叉双臂；cross out删掉，划掉(字句) [词汇例句] They crossed the finishing line together. 他们同时越过终点线。。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Don’t go　　　　the grass.And you can　　　　the road. A．cross;across B．across;cross C．across;across D．cross;cross 3、 重难句型解析 1. 询问对方身体或遇到问题的句型 · What’s the matter ?= What’s wrong ?你怎么了？ · Are you OK? 你还好吗？/你没事吧？ [随学随练] 单项填空 —________?     —I have a stomachache, doctor. A．How are you B．Can I help you C．What about you D．What’s wrong with you 2. 医生询问伤情或疾病的句型 · How are feeling? 你感觉如何？ · What’s the matter with you?你怎么了？ · Does your +身体部位+ hurt? 你...部位痛吗？ 如：Does your left leg hurt? 你左腿痛吗？ · How did you hurt yourselves? 你怎么伤到自己的? [随学随练] 单项填空 —________? —I don’t feel well. I have a stomach ache. A．How are you B．How does it feel C．What’s the matter D．Why are you here 补全对话 A: ? B: I have a stomachache. 3. 描述病情或问题的句型 · I feel terrible.我感觉很糟糕。 · I don’t feel well. 我感觉不舒服。 · I have a+疾病名称. =I’m suffering from+疾病名称. 我患了...病。 如：I have a high fever. 我发高烧。 I’m suffering from a bad cold. 我有严重的感冒。 · My+身体部位+hurts/aches. = I have a pain in my+身体部位。 我...部位痛。 如：My stomach huts. 我肚子痛。 My back aches. 我背痛。 I have a terrible pain in my head. 我头很痛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What’s the matter with the young man?    —________. A．He has a fever B．He is tall and thin C．He is friendly D．He is at home 根据图片和提示词写句子 have, yesterday 情景运用 你想告诉家人你喉咙痛，你可以这样说： 4. 提供建议的句型 · You should/ shouldn’t+动词原形(+其他). 你应该/不应该做... 如：You shouldn’t talk too much.你不应讲话太多。 · You could+动词原形(+其他). 你可以做... 如：You could eat some soft food for now. 暂时可以吃些软的食物。 · 祈使句 如：Be careful next time. 下次小心点。 Don’t eat cold food. 不要吃冷的食物。 [随学随练] 根据图片和提示词写句子 twice a day 根据所提供的图画情景，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。 A: Maybe I have a fever, what should I do? B: . 补全对话 A: I have a toothache these days. B: You need to . 5. 询问建议的句型 · Should I++动词原形(+其他)？我应该做...吗？ 如：Should I stay in side? 我应该待在家里吗？ · Can I++动词原形(+其他)？ 我可以做...吗？ 如：Can I go to school tomorrow? 我明天可以去上学吗？ · What should I do? 我应该做什么？ 6. when/while引导时间状语从句 (教材原句)When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell and hurt myself. 当我试图起床时，我差点摔倒伤到自 己。 (教材原句)When you’re outside, please wear a mask. 当你在户外时，请佩戴口罩。 (教材原句)We couldn’t enjoy ourselves while our mother was in hospital.妈妈住院期间，我们无法好好享受 生活。 when与while都可以表示“当...时”，用于引导时间状语从句。while只能接延续性动词（动作持续一段时间）。when后的状语从句的谓语动词可以是非延续动词，也可以是延续性动词。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Most of the villagers were sleeping ________ the earthquake happened. A．until B．when C．while D．after 7. as引导原因状语从句 (教材原句)And please avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse.请暂时避免喝软饮料， 因为气体可能让疼痛加剧。 此句中as the gas could make the ache worse是一个原因状语从句。because, as, since都可以用来引导原因状语从句。 如：As you were out, I left a message.你不在，所以我留了一张字条儿。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Museums are becoming more popular ______ people want to learn more about culture and history. A．until B．unless C．as D．although 4、 其他知识解析 1. too much 与too many (教材原句)I ate too much at my friend’s birthday party yesterday.昨天在我朋友的生日派对上吃太多了。 (教材原句)I think I ate too many sweet things. 我想我甜食吃太多了。 (教材原句)talked to much 讲话太多 too many表示“太多”，用于修饰可数名词复数(如第二句)。 too much表示“太多”，可用于修饰不可数名词，也可以单独使用作宾语(如第一句)。也可以作状语修饰动词(如第三句)。 [随学随练] 单项填空 There are ________ people in the park on weekends. It’s very crowded. A．too much B．much too C．too many D．many too 2. hurt用法 (教材原句)How did you hurt yourself? 你怎么伤到自己的？ (教材原句)My throat huts too. 我的嗓子也痛。 hurt用作及物动词，表示“使受伤”(如第一句)；也可以用作不及物动词，表示“疼，痛”(如第二句)。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I have to see the doctor because my stomach ________ badly. A．hurt B．hurts C．breaks D．broke 3. cut用法 (教材原句)The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by herself. 小女孩自己清理了手臂上的伤口。 (教材原句)Don’t cut yourself. 不要切到你自己。 cut可以用作名词，表示“伤口，切口”(如第一句)，也用作动词，表示“切，割”(如第二句)。 4. fall off与fall from (教材原文)I fell off my bike! 我从自行车上摔了下来。 (教材原文)Did you fall from your bike? 你从自行车上摔下来了吗？ fall from表示“从...摔下来，从...掉落”；fall off也表示“从...上摔下来，从...掉落”，其已包含“从...”的含义，后不再用from。 常用fall短语：fall in love with爱上...，喜欢上...；fall away消失，减弱；fall over摔倒；fall ill生病 如：The book fell off the desk when I passed by.我经过时，书从桌子上掉了下来。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) In autumn, leaves turn brown and start falling ______ the tree. A．from B．down C．off D．to (2) If you take this medicine, all your aches and pains will ________. A．fall off B．fall down C．fall away D．fall over 5. “疑问词+不定式”用法 (教材原句)Mr Liu knows how to take care of his teeth because he used to be a doctor himself.刘先生知道如何护理牙齿，因为他以前自己就是一名医生。 此句中，how to take care of his teeth是“疑问词+不定式”结构作knows后的直接宾语。“疑问词+不定式”结构还可以作主语，表语等。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Can you teach me how ______ steamed eggs? A．make B．making C．to make D．made 6. 不定式作目的状语 (教材原句) To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you should rest your eyes and look at something far away.为了保护眼睛，你应该每20分钟休息一次，并看向远处。 此句中To protect your eyes是不定式作目的状语。此外，不定式还可以作原因状语，结果状语等。 如：I’m glad to make a speech here.我很高兴在这里发表演讲。(原因状语) He ran fast enough to catch the bus. 他跑的足够快，赶上了公交车。(结果状语) [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Do you often climb mountains? —Yes,________ a little exercise. I’m out of shape. A．getting B．get C．to getting D．to get (2) —The teacher speaks ________ fast ________ follow. —Let’s ask her to speak more slowly. A．enough; to B．such; that C．so; that D．too; to 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) Sometimes, I have an English (测验) on an English learning app. (2) In a school (环境), students need a quiet and safe place to learn and study. (3) Traditional Chinese m (医学) has been playing an important role in treating the illness. (4) My grandpa (咳嗽) all night yesterday. That didn’t make me sleep well. (5) There is something wrong with my teeth, so I decide to go to the (牙医). (6) The teacher gave us c (清晰的) instructions before we made the teaching tools. (7) One of the camel’s (胃) is to store water and the other is to store food. (8) He always does everything carefully to (避免) making mistakes. (9) If you smell g (气体) leakage, open the windows and don’t use any electrical devices. (10) After he p (按) the key on the computer, the door opened. (11) The girl lost her parents in the earthquake, so she was in great p (痛苦). (12) The medicine is able to cure the disease by reducing the number of (病毒) in a person’s body. (13) The medical workers care for all the p (病人) warmly. (14) Jim is a good boy. He always waits for the green lights before he （穿越）the road. (15) 如果你喉咙痛，你可以喝一些热水。 If you , you can drink some hot water. (16) 你可能发烧了，让我来测量一下你的体温。 You may have a fever, so let me . (17) 我得了流感，于是去看了医生。 I and went to see the doctor. (18) 我的父母阻止我玩太多电脑游戏。 My parents me playing computer games too much. (19) 更重要的是，学英语时不要害怕犯错误。 , don’t be afraid of making mistakes when learning English. (20) Though Liu Xiang a lot his foot problem, he still worked on and returned to the first place in 2012. (因……受苦) 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) We need to protect (our) from getting sunburned on sunny days. (2) Some (gas)in the air, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, are important for life. (3) But remember that fully half of all accidents come from driver’s (careless), so always stay focused on the road. (4) Tom has a (run) nose and he has a cold. (5) Not drinking enough water is related to the (suffer) of dry throat in winter. (6) Free (medicine) care is provided by the government for the old. (7) Jack is ill. Doctor Wang tells him to take some (medicine). (8) Nothing can stop me from (dream) of becoming a basketball player. (9) The policeman asked us to give a short (describe) about the accident. (10) My good father is a professional doctor who is full of . (patient) (11) It’s wrong of the nurse to explain to the sick man (patient). (12) The girl didn’t come to school because of her serious (ill). (13) He’s been hit by a succession of (一系列) since he joined the team. (injury) (14) We should keep (knife) out of the reach of children to avoid accidents. (15) Flowers could make them less stressed and less (pain). (16) The (bright) of the full moon makes it easy to see clearly at night. (17) Some (environment) groups asked the government to close down all the factories in this area. Some people think they have gone too far. (18) I have a little telescope that helps me see the stars more (clear). (19) At last the clouds (clear) and the rain stopped. (20) This morning, Sam ate some food which went bad and now his stomach is (ache). 3. 单项填空 (1) —What’s the matter with you? —I have a ________. I have to see the dentist. A．toothache B．sore throat C．cold D．headache (2) —What’s ________ wrong with you? —I have a toothache and I got ________ X-ray just now. A．the; an B．/; an C．the; a (3) This morning, Sam ate some food which went bad and now his ________ is aching. A．leg B．arm C．stomach D．back (4) Our Chinese teacher didn't come to school today because of the ________ .We hope she will be better soon. A．description B．conversation C．illness D．brightness (5) He often ________ his foot pains, but he doesn’t stop doing sports. A．suffers from B．looks for C．fights against D．turns off (6) — I am coughing day and night. —________ Why not go to see a doctor? A．I’m sorry to hear that. B．Never mind. C．How long have you been like this? D．You’re right. (7) —I lose my voice these days. I think I’m getting sick. —That’s not good. Maybe you should ________ and rest. A．stay up late B．take some pills C．have a fever D．communicate with me (8) —We should ________ the old people. —Yes, they need our help and time. A．be strict with B．be proud of C．be patient with D．be similar to (9) —Doctor, how should I take the medicine? —Please read the instructions on medicine __________. They are __________ for the sick. A．careful; clearly B．carefully; clear C．careful; clearly D．carefully; clearly (10) —China is getting better at making high-technology products. —That’s right. People all over the world can hardly __________ buying products made in China. A．continue B．avoid C．clear D．press 4. 选词填空 A 从方框中选择合适的词填空，每词限用一次，注意使用正确形式。 press; sore; pain; careless; avoid; suffer; medicine; patient (1) My neck is so ______ that I can’t move it easily after playing computer games for hours. (2) You should take this ______ three times a day before meals to get better soon. (3) It’s important to be ______ with kids when they make mistakes in their homework. (4) The little boy ______ a lot from a high fever last week and he didn’t go to school. (5) Please ______ the button(按钮) on the machine, and it will start working in a minute. (6) Tom was ______ in the math test, so he made lots of silly mistakes. (7) If you want to ______ getting lost in the forest, you’d better take a map with you. (8) I can feel a sharp(急剧的) ______ in my leg, so I need to see a doctor right now. B 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 surprise   fever   matter   stop   wait   nurse   an   down   rest   throat   drink   than One morning, Tom didn’t feel well. He had a bad headache and a sore 1 . Tom went to the clinic (诊所). There were a lot of people in the waiting room and Tom had to 2 a long time. At last, it’s his turn, and the 3 showed Tom into the doctor’s room. The doctor asked, “what’s the 4 with you?” “I’m sick, and I can’t 5 sneezing (打喷嚏),” Tom said. “You’ve just got a cold,” the doctor checked and said. “Medicine isn’t necessary. Just go home, 6 a lot of water, and take rests for a few days.” Tom was unhappy. “There must be something you can give me, doctor,” he said. “I don’t want to be like this for several days.” The doctor thought for a moment. Then he said, “OK. Go home and get into a hot bath. Stay in it for half 7 hour until the water is cold. Then put on your swimming suit and run around the streets until you are really cold. Then lie 8 on the grass.” Tom was 9 . “But doctor,”he said, “if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). That’s much more serious 10 a cold.” “I know,” the doctor said, “but there’s medicine for pneumonia.” 5. 翻译句子 (1) —你感觉如何？ —我感觉比昨天更差了。 — — (2) —你的腿怎么了？ —一只狗咬了我的腿。我的腿现在很痛 — — (3) 你应该去看医生并且拍个X光片。 (4) 下次过马路时小心一些。 (5) Tom昨天感冒并且流鼻涕，所以他没去上学。 (6) 你要避免长时间看着屏幕。 (7) 他从椅子上摔了下来。幸运地是，他没有伤到自己。 (8) 为了防止你自己生病，你不应该吃冷的食物。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Stay Healthy (Section A) 核心知识点精讲精练 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语，斜体为听力文本中短语) 1. stay healthy 保持健康 2. take (good) care of (好好)照顾 3. don’t feel well 感觉不舒服 4. can’t help oneself 忍不住，情不自禁 5. Help yourself！ 请自便！ 6. sore throat 喉咙痛 7. talk too much 讲话太多 8. have a stomachache 胃痛 9. drink some water with honey 喝加蜂蜜的水 10. see a dentist 看牙医 11. fall off 从...上摔下来 12. have a runny nose 流鼻涕 13. bruised knee 淤青的膝盖 14. *suffer from 受苦；受折磨 15. have a very bad headache 严重的头痛 16. get some rest 休息 17. for now 暂时，目前 18. *take a seat 坐下 19. *take one’s temperature 给某人量体温 20. have a fever 发烧 21. get out of bed 起床 22. do a test 做检查 23. have the flu 患流感 24. take some medicine 吃一些药 25. wear a mask 戴口罩 26. *stop...from doing 防止…；阻止… 27. pass the flu virus to others 把流感病毒传播给其他人 28. in your hands 受某人照料；受某人控制 29. get an X-ray 拍X光片 30. clean the cut 清洁伤口 31. in hospital 住院 32. used to 曾经，过去常常 33. *what’s more 更有甚者；更为重要的是 34. change your screen’s brightness 改变屏幕亮度 35. cross the road 过马路 36. in fact 事实上，实际上 37. avoiding using your phone 避免使用手机 38. instead of 代替，而不是 39. send them messages 给他们发信息 40. fall from... 从...摔下来 2、 重点词汇解析 1. ourselves /ˌaʊəˈselvz/ pron. 我们自己 [词汇拓展] self (n.) 自己；our (pron.) 我们的(形容词物主代词)；ours(pron.)我们的(名词性物主代词) we (pron.) 我们；us (pron.) 我们（宾格） [词汇搭配] take care of ourselves 照顾我们自己；by ourselves 我们自己 [词汇例句] We can finish the work by ourselves. 我们可以自己完成这项工作。 [随学随练] 用we适当形式填空 (1) “How can ________ get out now?” Sarah shouted.  (2) Don’t let ________weaknesses make ________feel bad. (3) Their room is on the third floor and ________ is on the fifth floor. (4) —Who taught you English, kids? —Nobody. We just learnt it ________. 【答案】we; our us; ours; ourselves [词汇用法] · -self/-selves 构成的代词叫作反身代词。第一人称和第二人称的反身代词由形容性物主代词词尾加-self/-selves构成；第三人称的反身代词由宾格代词词尾加-self/-selves构成。 · 同一人称反身代词有单复数之分。 人称 主格人称代词 宾格人称代词 反身代词 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 第一人称 I 我 we 我们 me 我 us 我们 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 you 你 you 你们 you 你 you 你们 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他/她/它们 him 他 her 她 it 它 them 他/她/它们 himself 他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 themselves 他/她/它们自己 · 反身代词可以作相同人称的宾语，表示动作的主语和宾语时同一个人。 The girl can dress herself. (注意：不用her) 2. sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 [词汇拓展] soreness (n.) 疼痛 [词汇搭配] have a sore throat 喉咙痛；sore muscles 肌肉酸痛 [词汇例句] I have a sore throat after shouting too much. 大喊大叫后我喉咙痛。 3. throat /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙 [词汇拓展] throaty (adj.)声音低沉的；嘶哑的 身体部位名词：stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 胃；腹部；back背部；knee膝盖；arm手臂 shoulder 肩膀；neck脖子；waist 腰 [词汇搭配] sore throat 喉咙痛；clear one's throat 清喉咙；have a frog in one’s throat(暂时)失音，嗓音嘶哑 [词汇例句] He cleared his throat and then began to speak. 他清了下嗓子，然后开始讲话。 [随学随练] 单项填空 You’d better drink some hot tea with honey when you have a ________. A．sore throat B．sore back C．toothache D．headache 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当你喉咙痛的时候，你最好喝点蜂蜜热茶。 考查名词词义辨析。sore throat喉咙痛；sore back背痛；toothache牙疼；headache头疼。根据“You’d better drink some hot tea with honey”可知，应该是喉咙痛的时候喝蜂蜜热茶。故选A。 4. stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/ n. 胃痛；肚子疼 [词汇拓展] stomach (n.) 胃；ache (n./v.) 疼痛 headache /ˈhedeɪk/ n. 头痛；toothache /ˈtuːθeɪk/ n. 牙痛；backache /ˈbækeɪk/ n. 背痛；腰痛 [词汇搭配] have a stomachache 胃痛；suffer from stomachache 患胃痛 [词汇例句] She ate too much and had a stomachache. 她吃太多，胃痛了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Dr. Smith, I have ________ stomachache and I couldn’t sleep last night. —You should go to get ________ X-ray first. A．a; a B．a; an C．/; an D．/; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——史密斯医生，我胃疼得厉害，昨晚都没睡着。——你应该先去拍个X光片。   考查冠词用法。have a stomachache“胃痛”；X-ray以元音音素开头，前面应用不定冠词an。故选B。 (2) —What’s wrong with you? —I didn’t have breakfast today and I have a ________. A．stomach ache B．headache C．toothache 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？——我今天没吃早饭，我肚子疼。 考查名词辨析。stomach ache肚子疼；headache头疼；toothache牙疼。根据答句中“didn’t have breakfast”可知，没吃早饭通常会导致“肚子疼”，故选A。 5. press /pres/ v. 压；按；挤；推 [词汇拓展] pressure (n.) 压力；pressing (adj.) 紧迫的；紧急的 [词汇搭配] press down on your nose 按住你的鼻子；press the button 按按钮；press for不断要求 [词汇例句] She pressed the red button to start the machine. 她按下红色按钮启动机器。 [随学随练] 单项填空 If you have a nosebleed, you can __________ the sides of your nose at once. A．press B．put C．wash D．take 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你流鼻血，你可以立即按压鼻子两侧。 考查动词辨析。press按；put放；wash洗；take拿，根据空前的“If you have a nosebleed”和空后的“the sides of your nose at once”可知，应该是立即按压鼻子两侧，故选A。 6. nosebleed /ˈnəʊzbliːd/n. 鼻出血 [词汇拓展] nose (n.) 鼻子；bleed (v.) 流血；blood (n.) 血；血液 [词汇搭配] have a nosebleed 流鼻血；stop a nosebleed 止住鼻血 [词汇例句] Whenever I have a cold I get a nosebleed. 每次我感冒都会流鼻血。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What should I do if I ________? —You should put your head down and press the sides of your nose. A．have a fever B．have a cold C．hurt my back D．have a nosebleed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——如果我流鼻血该怎么办？——你应该低下头，压住鼻子两侧。 考查动词短语。have a fever发烧；have a cold感冒；hurt my back伤到了背部；have a nosebleed流鼻血。根据“You should put your head down and press the sides of your nose.”可知，这是应对流鼻血的措施。故选D。 7. dentist /ˈdentɪst/n. 牙科医生 [词汇拓展] dental (adj.) 牙齿的；tooth (n.) 牙齿 doctor医生；physician医师；(尤指)内科医生；surgeon外科医生 [词汇搭配] see a dentist 去看牙医；at the dentist’s牙科诊所 [词汇例句] My mother is a dentist. 我妈妈是一名牙科医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I have a toothache. I want to see a ________. A．nurse B．dentist C．actor D．player 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我牙痛。我想看牙医。 考查名词词义辨析。nurse护士；dentist牙医；actor男演员；player运动员。根据前文“I have a toothache.”可知，牙痛要看牙医。故选B。 8. fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ n. 发烧；极度兴奋 [词汇拓展] feverish (adj.) 发烧的；激动地 [词汇搭配] have a high fever 发高烧；reduce the fever退烧 [词汇例句] Angie waited in a fever of excitement. 安吉在极度兴奋中等待着。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Your face looks a bit red. —Yeah, my head feels very hot. Maybe I have a ________. A．stomachache B．toothache C．sore throat D．fever 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的脸看起来有点红。——是的，我的头感觉很热。也许我发烧了。 考查名词及名词短语辨析。stomachache胃痛；toothache牙痛；sore throat喉咙痛；fever发烧。根据“my head feels very hot”可知，此处指发烧。故选D。 (2) —Henry has caught ________ bad cough with ________ high fever. —Really? Is it possible for him to be infected (被感染) with COVID-19? A．a; a B．a;/ C．/;a D．/; / 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——亨利发高烧，咳得很厉害。——真的吗？他有可能感染新冠肺炎吗？ 考查冠词用法。catch a cough“咳嗽”，have a fever“发烧”，其前都应加不定冠词a。故选A。 9. stomach /ˈstʌmək/ n. 胃；腹部 [词汇拓展] (pl.)stomachs ；stomachache (n.) 胃痛 [词汇搭配] put something warm on your stomach给你的肚子盖上点暖和的东西；stomach pains肚子痛 on an empty stomach空着肚子；on a full stomach饱的肚子 have no stomach for sth对…没有胃口；没有勇气或没有欲望做某事； turn one’s stomach让某人反感或厌恶 have butterflies (in your stomach)（做某事前）心慌，紧张 [随学随练] 用stomach相关表达补全句子 (1) 空腹不宜喝酒。 It's not a good idea to drink . (2) 真相会让你很反感。 The true facts will . (3) 他们不想打架。 They a fight. (4) 你不应该吃饱了就运动。 You shouldn't exercise . (5) 考试前你心里紧张是很自然的。 It’s natural to before an exam. (6) 牛有四个胃。 A cow . 【答案】on an empty stomach；turn your stomach；have no stomach for on a full stomach；have butterflies in your stomach；has four stomachs 10. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免；防止；回避，躲避 [词汇拓展] avoidable (adj.) 可避免的；avoidance (n.) 避免 [词汇搭配] avoid doing something 避免做某事；avoid danger 避免危险；avoid sb. 回避某人 avoid the rush hour避开交通高峰时刻 [词汇例句] She kept avoiding my eyes .她总是躲避我的目光。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He avoided __________ mistakes by practicing it over and over again. A．made B．making C．to make D．makes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他通过反复练习来避免犯错。 考查非谓语动词。made过去式或过去分词；making动名词或现在分词；to make不定式；makes第三人称单数形式。根据“He avoided...mistakes by practicing it over and over again.”可知，“avoid doing sth.”是固定用法，表示“避免做某事”，所以此处要用“make”的动名词形式“making”来作“avoided”的宾语。故选B。 11. gas /ɡæs/ n. 气体；燃气；(=gasoline/petrol)汽油 [词汇拓展] solid(n.)固体；liquid(n.)液体 [词汇搭配] natural gas 天然气；greenhouse gas温室气体；gas stove 燃气灶；a gas station加油站 [词汇用法] · gas泛指“气体”，用作不可数名词；表示“气体”的种类时，是可数名词。 Air is a mixture of gases. 空气为混合气体。 · gas表示“燃气”，“汽油”都是不可数名词。 Coal is actually cheaper than gas. 煤实际上比煤气便宜 12. ache /eɪk/ n. & v. 疼痛；v. 渴望 [词汇拓展] achy(adj.)疼痛的；headache (n.) 头痛；toothache (n.) 牙痛；heartache(n.)痛心；伤心 [词汇搭配] have an ache in... ...部位痛；aches and pains 疼痛；ache for 渴望；ache to do渴望做某事 [词汇例句] I'm aching all over. 我周身疼痛。 13. careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的 [词汇拓展] carelessly (adv.) 粗心地；carelessness (n.) 粗心；care(n./v.)关心，在意 careful(adj.)认真的，仔细的；carefully(adv.)认真地，仔细地 [词汇搭配] careless mistake 粗心的错误；a careless driver 粗心的司机 [随学随练] 用care适当形式填空 (1) Be ______ when you cross the street, or you may get hurt. (2) We should take good ______ of the elderly around us. (3) His failure in the exam was mainly caused by his ______. (4) She listened ______ to the teacher's words and wrote down all the key points. (5) It was ______ of him to leave the door unlocked when he went out. (6) The little boy did his homework so ______ that he made lots of mistakes. 【答案】careful；care；carelessness；carefully；careless；carelessly 14. runny /ˈrʌni/ adj. 流鼻涕的，流眼泪的；水分太多的，稀的 [词汇拓展] run (v.) 流；runny nose 流鼻涕 [词汇搭配] have a runny nose 流鼻涕；runny eyes 流泪的眼睛；runny honey水分过多的蜂蜜 [词汇例句] She has a runny nose because of a cold. 她因感冒而流鼻涕。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Look at the picture. What happened to the boy? A．He cut his finger. B．He broke his knife. C．He had a sore throat. D．He had a runny nose. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看这张图。这个男孩发生了什么？ 考查情景交际。He cut his finger.“他割破了手指”；He broke his knife.“他弄坏了他的刀”；He had a sore throat.“他嗓子疼”；He had a runny nose.“他流鼻涕了”。观察图片，桌子上有刀和蔬菜，举起的手指在流血，推测男孩在切菜时伤着手指了。故选A。 15. cough /kɒf/ n. & v. 咳嗽 [词汇拓展] coughing (n.) 咳嗽 [词汇搭配] have a cough 咳嗽 [词汇例句] He has a bad cough and should see a doctor. 他咳嗽厉害，应该看医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空 You often__________, Bill. Stop smoking, and you’ll get better soon. A．cough B．laugh C．cry D．sleep 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你经常咳嗽，比尔。不要吸烟了，很快你就会好多了。 考查动词辨析。cough动词，咳嗽； laugh动词，笑；cry动词，哭；sleep动词，睡觉。“咳嗽”与“吸烟”有关。故选A。 16. suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ v. 受苦；遭受；变差，变糟 [词汇拓展] suffering (n.) 疼痛；苦难；sufferer (n.) 受苦者 [词汇搭配] suffer from 受苦；受折磨；suffer pain 遭受痛苦；suffer loss 遭受损失 [词汇用法] · suffer from 表示“因...而痛苦，受苦”，其后常接疾病名词或表示造成痛苦的原因。 如：He suffers from asthma.他患有哮喘。 Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff. 许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。 · suffer作及物动词，表示“遭受”，后常接loss(损失)，pain(痛苦)，punishment(惩罚)等。表示“受” 如：The company suffered a big loss last year. 公司去年遭受了巨大的损失。 · suffer还可以用作不及物动词，表示“变差，变糟”。 如：His health is suffering. 他的健康状况正在变差。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Alice suffered ________ a headache after reading for a long time. A．about B．from C．to D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：爱丽丝在读了很长时间的书后，感到头痛。 考查介词辨析。about关于；from从；to向；for为了。suffer from意为“遭受……”符合句意。故选B。 17. test /test/ n.&v. 检查；测验 [词汇拓展] testing(n.)测验；检查 (adj.)难对付的，考验人的 [词汇搭配] take/do a test 参加测验；pass/fail a test 通过/没有通过测验；blood test验血 stand the test of time经得住时间的考验；test sb. on sth.就...测验某人 [词汇例句] To save his people, Shennong decided to test different wild plants by himself. 为了拯救他的族人，神农决定亲自检查不同的野生植物。 [随学随练] 用test相关表达补全句子 (1) Lily was sad because she ____________ (没有通过测验) last week—she didn’t practice enough grammar. (2) Our English teacher often ____________ (就…… 测验我们) new words and expressions after each lesson. (3) We will ____________ (参加测验) on Unit 3 next Monday, so everyone should review carefully. (4) Tom studied very hard for the math exam, so he was happy to ____________ (通过测验) easily. (5) This classic novel has been popular for over 100 years—it really ____________ (经得住时间的考验) 【答案】failed the test；tests us on；take a test/do a test；pass the test；stand the test of time 18. flu /fluː/ n. 流行性感冒 [词汇拓展] influenza (n.) 流感 [词汇搭配] catch/have the flu 患流感；get flu患流感；flu season 流感季节 get a flu vaccine接种流感疫苗；a flu shot打预防流感的针 [词汇例句] They get a flu shot before the flu season starts.他们在流感季节开始前接种了流感疫苗。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I have ________ terrible cold. I cough day and night. —You may have ________ flu. You’d better see a doctor. A．the; a B．the; the C．a; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我得了重感冒。我日夜咳嗽。——你可能得了流感。你最好去看医生。 考查冠词辨析。have a cold“感冒”，have the flu“得了流感”，固定搭配，故选C。 19. medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药；医学 [词汇拓展] medical (adj.) 医学的 [词汇搭配] take some medicine 服药；traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)中医；study medicine学医 the best medicine（改进状况的）最佳方法；（尤指）除去心病的良方 [词汇例句] Remember smile is the best medicine to cure your illness.记住，微笑是治愈你疾病的最佳良药。 20. virus /ˈvaɪrəs/ n. 病毒 [词汇拓展] (pl.) viruses；viral (adj.) 病毒的 [词汇搭配] the flu virus流感病毒；computer virus 电脑病毒 [词汇例句] You cannot get a virus from an email message alone.仅凭一封电子邮件是无法感染病毒的。 21. description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n. 描写；形容 [词汇拓展] describe (v.) 描述；descriptive (adj.) 描述性的 [词汇搭配] give a description of... 对...提供描述；detailed description 详细描述 [词汇例句] Her description of the event was very clear. 她对事件的描述非常清晰。 22. patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的 [词汇拓展] patience (n.) 耐心；impatient (adj.) 不耐烦的；patiently(adv.)耐心地 [词汇搭配] cancer patients癌症病人；treat patients治疗病人；be patient with 对...有耐心 [随学随练] 用patient的适当形式填空 (1) The little girl waited ______ for her mother outside the supermarket. (2) The nurse led the ______ to the examination room one by one. (3) Don’t be ______ when you are waiting for the bus— it will come soon. (4) As a primary school teacher, Mrs. Li is always ______ with her students. (5) Learning a new language requires time and ______. 【答案】patiently；patient；impatient；patient ；patience 23. injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 [词汇拓展] (pl.)injuries；injure (v.) 伤害；injured (adj.) 受伤的 [词汇搭配] serious injury 严重伤害；a head injury头部受伤 [随学随练] 用injury的适当形式填空 (1) The careless driver failed to stop at the red light and ______ a cyclist on the road. (2) The doctor quickly checked the ______ passengers(乘客)and sent the badly hurt ones to the hospital at once. (3) After a careful examination, the nurse wrote down the details of the athlete’s knee ______ in her notebook. 【答案】injured（动词过去式）；injured（形容词）；injury [词汇辨析] injury / wound / damage / harm · injury尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤。 如：He suffered a knee injury in the football match.他在足球比赛中膝盖受伤。 · wound 指使身体受伤，尤指用武器伤害；也可用于表示心灵上的创伤。 如：a bullet/knife wound枪伤；刀伤 Seeing him again opened up old wounds .再次见到他打开了旧的创伤。 · damage 指毁坏、破坏、伤害、损害，主要针对无生命的物体。 如：Plastic waste and oil spills can cause serious damage to marine life.塑料垃圾和石油泄漏会对海洋生物造 成严重破坏。 · harm 指伤害、损害，指对物或人造成的伤害，也常用于自然界中的事物受到人类活动的影响。 Some studies show that certain wall colours can do harm to your moods. 一些研究表明，某些墙面颜色会对你的情绪产生不良影响。 24. illness /ˈɪlnəs/ n. 疾病 [词汇拓展] ill (adj.) 生病的；sickness(n.)疾病；患病；disease(n.)病；疾病 [词汇搭配] serious illness 重病；mental illness 精神疾病 [词汇辨析] illness / disease / sickness / ill / sick · illness ,disease , sickness都用作名词，illness和sickness指生病的状态；disease指具体的疾病。 如：She died after a long illness.她久病不愈而亡。 She’s suffering from a disease of the heart. 他患上了心脏病。 ill和sick都用作形容词，都可以表示“生病的”，一般ill用作表语，sick用作表语或定语都可以。 · ill用作定语时，常表示“坏的；不良的；有害的”。 如：She suffered no ill effects from the experience. 这次经历没有使她受到不良影响。 He visited the sick boy. 他去看望了那个生病的小男孩。 Lucy didn’t go to school because she was ill/sick. 露西没有去上学，因为她生病了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Amy’s been ________ for a month. She’s got a serious blood ________. A．ill; sickness B．sickness; illness C．sick; disease D．illness; disease 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾米病了一个月了。她得了严重的血液病。 考查形容词及名词辨析。ill生病的，只作表语用；sick生病的，可作表语或定语；sickness疾病，不健康；illness指身体或精神上的疾病；disease指具体的病。第一句缺少表语，排除BD；根据“a serious blood ...”可知得了血液病，是具体的病，用disease。故选C。 25. knife /naɪf/ n. 刀 [词汇拓展] (pl.) knives /naɪvz/ [词汇搭配] kitchen knife 厨房用刀；a knife and fork一副刀叉 like a knife through butter轻而易举；毫无困难 [词汇例句] He used a knife to cut the bread. 他用一把刀切面包。 26. clear /klɪə(r)/ adj. 清晰的；清楚的；明显的；晴朗无云的；畅通无阻的 v.清理；变晴朗；使人离开 adv.离开，不靠近 [词汇拓展] clearly (adv.) 清晰地 [词汇搭配] his clearest memory 他最清晰的记忆；clear water 清澈的水 clear out清理；丢掉；clear up天空转晴；使整洁，清理；解答，解释 keep/stay clear of...避开，回避 [词汇例句] The instructions are clear and easy to follow. 指示清晰易懂。 [随学随练] 写出clear在下列句子中的中文意思 (1) The sky cleared after the storm. (v.)变明朗；转晴 (2) It is not clear what they want us to do. (adj.)明显的，显然的 (3) Clear all those papers off the desk. (v.)清理 (4) The road was clear and I ran over. (adj.) 畅通无阻的 (5) The water was so clear we could see the bottom of the lake. (adj.)透明的；清澈的 (6) I hope I made it clear to him that he was no longer welcome here. (adj.)清楚易懂的，明白清楚的 (7) On a clear day you can see France. (adj.)晴朗无云的 (8) The police cleared the beach of people. (v.)使人离开 27. pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦 [词汇拓展] painful (adj.) 疼痛的；painless (adj.) 无痛的 [词汇搭配] the terrible pain in her legs他腿部剧烈的疼痛；the pain of separation离别的痛苦 no pain, no gain不劳则无获；take pains to do/go to great pains to do 煞费苦心；尽心竭力 [词汇例句] He felt a sharp pain in his back. 他背部感到剧痛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What’s wrong with you? —I’ve caught a cold and I’ve got a pain ________ my throat. A．in B．on C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？——我感冒了，并且喉咙痛。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；at在……；根据“I’ve got a pain”和“my throat”可知，此处表示喉咙痛。表示身体部位疼痛时，常用介词in，a pain in the throat“喉咙痛”。故选A。 28. brightness /ˈbraɪtnəs/ n. 亮度 [词汇拓展] bright (adj.)明亮的；(adv.)光亮地；明亮地；brightly(adv.)明亮地；brighten (v.) (使)变亮 [词汇搭配] change your screen’s brightness改变屏幕亮度 [词汇例句] She adjusted the brightness of the screen. 她调节了屏幕的亮度。 [随学随练] 用bright的适当形式填空 (1) The sun is shining ______ and we can have a picnic in the park. (2) Lucy has a ______ smile that makes everyone around her feel warm. (3) A little gift can ______ up the whole room and bring people closer. (4) We could see the ______ of the stars in the clear night sky. 【答案】brightly/bright；bright；brighten；brightness 29. environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 [词汇拓展] environmental (adj.) 环境的；environmentally (adv.) 与环境相关地 environmentalist (n.) 环保主义者 [词汇搭配] match your environment与环境相匹配；protect the environment 保护环境 a pleasant working environment 一个愉快的工作环境 [词汇例句] It’s our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境，人人有责。 [随学随练] 用bright的适当形式填空 (1) We should choose friendly products to reduce pollution to the earth. (2) A well-known will come to our school and give a talk. (3) Air and water pollution are two main problems we need to solve. (4) Plants and animals depend on each other to maintain(维持) a balanced . 【答案】environmentally；environmentalist；environmental；environment 30. cross /krɒs/ v. 穿越；横过；交叉 n.叉字形记号，十字形记号 adj.恼怒的；十分愤怒的 [词汇拓展] crossing (n.) 十字路口；across(prep.)在...对面；横过；crossly(adv.)生气地 [词汇搭配] cross the street 过马路；cross his arms 交叉双臂；cross out删掉，划掉(字句) [词汇例句] They crossed the finishing line together. 他们同时越过终点线。。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Don’t go　　　　the grass.And you can　　　　the road. A．cross;across B．across;cross C．across;across D．cross;cross 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要穿过草地，，你可以穿过马路。根据across是介词，通常用与go,run,swim等搭配，cross动词，穿过，可以做谓语；故选B 点睛：across与cross是横过的意思。across是介词，通常用与go,run,swim等搭配。动词+across = cross;；cross the road 穿过马路（动作），across the road 也是穿过马路，但不是动作，类似于in the garden。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 询问对方身体或遇到问题的句型 · What’s the matter ?= What’s wrong ?你怎么了？ · Are you OK? 你还好吗？/你没事吧？ [随学随练] 单项填空 —________?     —I have a stomachache, doctor. A．How are you B．Can I help you C．What about you D．What’s wrong with you 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？——医生，我胃疼。 考查情景交际。How are you你好吗；Can I help you我能帮你吗；What about you你呢；What’s wrong with you你怎么了。根据“I have a stomachache, doctor.”可知，此处是询问对方身体状况，即“你怎么了”，应该用What’s wrong with you。故选D。 2. 医生询问伤情或疾病的句型 · How are feeling? 你感觉如何？ · What’s the matter with you?你怎么了？ · Does your +身体部位+ hurt? 你...部位痛吗？ 如：Does your left leg hurt? 你左腿痛吗？ · How did you hurt yourselves? 你怎么伤到自己的? [随学随练] 单项填空 —________? —I don’t feel well. I have a stomach ache. A．How are you B．How does it feel C．What’s the matter D．Why are you here 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——怎么啦？——我感觉不舒服。我肚子疼。 本题考查情景交际。A. How are you    你好，B. How does it feel它感觉怎么样，C. What’s the matter怎么啦，D. Why are you here你为什么在这里。根据I don’t feel well. I have a stomach ache.可知，此处询问对方怎么啦，故选C。 补全对话 A: ? B: I have a stomachache. 【答案】What’s the matter with you/What’s wrong with you 【详解】句意：A：你怎么了？B：我胃疼。根据答语“I have a stomachache.”可知，问句是在询问对方身体状况，询问“你怎么了”常见表达有“What’s the matter with you?”和“What’s wrong with you?”，二者意思相同，都符合语境。故填What’s the matter with you/What’s wrong with you。 3. 描述病情或问题的句型 · I feel terrible.我感觉很糟糕。 · I don’t feel well. 我感觉不舒服。 · I have a+疾病名称. =I’m suffering from+疾病名称. 我患了...病。 如：I have a high fever. 我发高烧。 I’m suffering from a bad cold. 我有严重的感冒。 · My+身体部位+hurts/aches. = I have a pain in my+身体部位。 我...部位痛。 如：My stomach huts. 我肚子痛。 My back aches. 我背痛。 I have a terrible pain in my head. 我头很痛。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —What’s the matter with the young man?    —________. A．He has a fever B．He is tall and thin C．He is friendly D．He is at home 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个年轻人怎么了？——他发烧了。 考查情景交际。He has a fever他发烧了；He is tall and thin他又高又瘦；He is friendly他很友好；He is at home他在家。What’s the matter with用于询问某人身体或状况出了什么问题，回答应是关于身体不适等情况。故选A。 根据图片和提示词写句子 have, yesterday 【答案】She had a fever yesterday. 【详解】根据图片和单词可知，此处表达为“她昨天发烧了。时态为一般过去时，she“她”，作主语；have a fever“发烧”，动词have要用过去式had；yesterday“昨天”。故填She had a fever yesterday. 情景运用 你想告诉家人你喉咙痛，你可以这样说： 【答案】I have a sore throat. 【详解】告诉家人喉咙痛，应该用“我喉咙痛”来表达：我：I；喉咙痛：have a sore throat。故填I have a sore throat。 4. 提供建议的句型 · You should/ shouldn’t+动词原形(+其他). 你应该/不应该做... 如：You shouldn’t talk too much.你不应讲话太多。 · You could+动词原形(+其他). 你可以做... 如：You could eat some soft food for now. 暂时可以吃些软的食物。 · 祈使句 如：Be careful next time. 下次小心点。 Don’t eat cold food. 不要吃冷的食物。 [随学随练] 根据图片和提示词写句子 twice a day 【答案】You need to take the medicine twice a day. / Take the medicine twice a day. 【详解】根据图片和单词可知，此处表达为“你需要一天吃两次药。时态为一般现在时，you“你”，作主语；need to do sth.“需要做某事”；take the medicine“吃药”；twice a day“一天两次”。故填You need to take the medicine twice a day.或Take the medicine twice a day. 根据所提供的图画情景，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。 A: Maybe I have a fever, what should I do? B: . 【答案】You should take your temperature. 【详解】A说自己可能发烧了，问该怎么办，图中是体温计，所以对应的合理建议是量体温。“should”意为“应该”是情态动词，后接动词原形，“take one’s temperature”是固定短语，意为“量体温”。故填You should take your temperature。 补全对话 A: I have a toothache these days. B: You need to . 【答案】see a dentist 【详解】根据“I have a toothache these days.”可知，对方牙疼，此处可建议去看牙医。see a dentist“看牙医”，need to do sth“”，动词用原形。故填see a dentist。 5. 询问建议的句型 · Should I++动词原形(+其他)？我应该做...吗？ 如：Should I stay in side? 我应该待在家里吗？ · Can I++动词原形(+其他)？ 我可以做...吗？ 如：Can I go to school tomorrow? 我明天可以去上学吗？ · What should I do? 我应该做什么？ 6. when/while引导时间状语从句 (教材原句)When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell and hurt myself. 当我试图起床时，我差点摔倒伤到自 己。 (教材原句)When you’re outside, please wear a mask. 当你在户外时，请佩戴口罩。 (教材原句)We couldn’t enjoy ourselves while our mother was in hospital.妈妈住院期间，我们无法好好享受 生活。 when与while都可以表示“当...时”，用于引导时间状语从句。while只能接延续性动词（动作持续一段时间）。when后的状语从句的谓语动词可以是非延续动词，也可以是延续性动词。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Most of the villagers were sleeping ________ the earthquake happened. A．until B．when C．while D．after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：地震发生时，大多数村民正在睡觉。 考查从属连词辨析。until直到；when当……时候；while当……时候；after在……之后。根据“Most of the villagers were sleeping…the earthquake happened.”可知，主句是持续性动作“were sleeping”，从句是短暂性动作“happened”，用“when”引导时间状语从句，表示当短暂事件发生时，持续性动作正在进行。故选B。 7. as引导原因状语从句 (教材原句)And please avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse.请暂时避免喝软饮料， 因为气体可能让疼痛加剧。 此句中as the gas could make the ache worse是一个原因状语从句。because, as, since都可以用来引导原因状语从句。 如：As you were out, I left a message.你不在，所以我留了一张字条儿。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Museums are becoming more popular ______ people want to learn more about culture and history. A．until B．unless C．as D．although 【答案】C 【详解】句意：博物馆正变得越来越受欢迎，因为人们想更多地了解文化和历史。 考查连词辨析。until直到；unless除非；as因为；although虽然。分析句子可知，“people want to learn more about culture and history”是“Museums are becoming more popular”的原因，as有“因为”的意思，引导原因状语从句，符合语境。故选C。 4、 其他知识解析 1. too much 与too many (教材原句)I ate too much at my friend’s birthday party yesterday.昨天在我朋友的生日派对上吃太多了。 (教材原句)I think I ate too many sweet things. 我想我甜食吃太多了。 (教材原句)talked to much 讲话太多 too many表示“太多”，用于修饰可数名词复数(如第二句)。 too much表示“太多”，可用于修饰不可数名词，也可以单独使用作宾语(如第一句)。也可以作状语修饰动词(如第三句)。 [随学随练] 单项填空 There are ________ people in the park on weekends. It’s very crowded. A．too much B．much too C．too many D．many too 【答案】C 【详解】句意：周末公园里人太多了。非常拥挤。 考查短语辨析。too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词；too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；many too无此短语。根据“people”可知，此处修饰可数名词复数，应该用too many。故选C。 2. hurt用法 (教材原句)How did you hurt yourself? 你怎么伤到自己的？ (教材原句)My throat huts too. 我的嗓子也痛。 hurt用作及物动词，表示“使受伤”(如第一句)；也可以用作不及物动词，表示“疼，痛”(如第二句)。 [随学随练] 单项填空 I have to see the doctor because my stomach ________ badly. A．hurt B．hurts C．breaks D．broke 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我必须看医生，因为我胃痛得厉害。A. hurt受伤，痛。动词原形形式，用于主语不是第三人称单数的一般现在时态；B. hurts受伤，痛。第三人称单数形式，用于主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时态；C. breaks暂停，中断。第三人称单数形式，用于主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时态。D. broke暂停，中断。过去式形式，用于一般过去时态。本句描述的是现在的状态，句子用一般现在时态。胃痛，要去看医生，答案C、D排除。主语my stomach是第三人称单数，动词要-s/es。故选B。 3. cut用法 (教材原句)The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by herself. 小女孩自己清理了手臂上的伤口。 (教材原句)Don’t cut yourself. 不要切到你自己。 cut可以用作名词，表示“伤口，切口”(如第一句)，也用作动词，表示“切，割”(如第二句)。 4. fall off与fall from (教材原文)I fell off my bike! 我从自行车上摔了下来。 (教材原文)Did you fall from your bike? 你从自行车上摔下来了吗？ fall from表示“从...摔下来，从...掉落”；fall off也表示“从...上摔下来，从...掉落”，其已包含“从...”的含义，后不再用from。 常用fall短语：fall in love with爱上...，喜欢上...；fall away消失，减弱；fall over摔倒；fall ill生病 如：The book fell off the desk when I passed by.我经过时，书从桌子上掉了下来。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) In autumn, leaves turn brown and start falling ______ the tree. A．from B．down C．off D．to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在秋天，树叶变成棕色并且开始从树上落下来。 考查动词短语辨析。fall from跌落，落下，强调从哪里摔下来；fall down 摔倒；fall off表示从……掉下；fall to落到……，被击败。这里树叶是长在树上，表示树叶从树上落下来用fall off。故选C。 (2) If you take this medicine, all your aches and pains will ________. A．fall off B．fall down C．fall away D．fall over 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你吃了这种药，你所有的疼痛就会消失。考查动词短语辨析。A. 脱落；B. 倒塌；C. 减弱/消失；D. 摔倒。根据If you take this medicine,可知fall away符合句意，故选C。 5. “疑问词+不定式”用法 (教材原句)Mr Liu knows how to take care of his teeth because he used to be a doctor himself.刘先生知道如何护理牙齿，因为他以前自己就是一名医生。 此句中，how to take care of his teeth是“疑问词+不定式”结构作knows后的直接宾语。“疑问词+不定式”结构还可以作主语，表语等。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Can you teach me how ______ steamed eggs? A．make B．making C．to make D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能教我怎么蒸蛋吗？ 考查动词不定式用法。在“teach sb. how to do sth.”结构中，应使用动词不定式“to + 动词原形”表示“如何做某事”。故选C。 6. 不定式作目的状语 (教材原句) To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you should rest your eyes and look at something far away.为了保护眼睛，你应该每20分钟休息一次，并看向远处。 此句中To protect your eyes是不定式作目的状语。此外，不定式还可以作原因状语，结果状语等。 如：I’m glad to make a speech here.我很高兴在这里发表演讲。(原因状语) He ran fast enough to catch the bus. 他跑的足够快，赶上了公交车。(结果状语) [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —Do you often climb mountains? —Yes,________ a little exercise. I’m out of shape. A．getting B．get C．to getting D．to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你经常爬山吗？——是的，为了得到一点锻炼。我身体不好。 考查非谓语动词。getting得到，动名词或现在分词，get得到，动词原形；to getting语法错误；to get为了得到。根据句意，空格处需表示爬山的目的 (锻炼身体)，应使用不定式结构。故选D。 (2) —The teacher speaks ________ fast ________ follow. —Let’s ask her to speak more slowly. A．enough; to B．such; that C．so; that D．too; to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——老师讲得太快了，我跟不上。——我们让她讲得更慢些。 考查副词短语。enough…to足够……做某事；such…that如此……以至于，such后接名词；so…that如此……以至于，so后接形容词或副词；too…to太……而不能。根据答语“Let’s ask her to speak more slowly.”可知，此处指老师讲得太快，我“跟不上”，用too...to...结构。故选D。 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) Sometimes, I have an English (测验) on an English learning app. 【答案】test 【详解】句意：有时，我会在一个英语学习应用上进行一场英语测验。根据汉语提示可知，对应的英文单词为test，在句子中作动词have的宾语。并由前面的冠词an可知为单数。故填test。 (2) In a school (环境), students need a quiet and safe place to learn and study. 【答案】environment 【详解】句意：在校园环境中，学生需要一个安静且安全的地方学习。根据汉语提示可知，environment意为“环境”。故填environment。 (3) Traditional Chinese m (医学) has been playing an important role in treating the illness. 【答案】(m)edicine 【详解】句意：中医在治疗这种疾病方面一直发挥着重要作用。medicine表示“医学”，是不可数名词，故填(m)edicine。 (4) My grandpa (咳嗽) all night yesterday. That didn’t make me sleep well. 【答案】coughed 【详解】句意：我爷爷昨晚咳嗽了一整夜，这让我没睡好。cough“咳嗽”，根据“yesterday”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式coughed。故填coughed。 (5) There is something wrong with my teeth, so I decide to go to the (牙医). 【答案】dentist 【详解】句意：我的牙齿有点问题，所以我决定去看牙医。牙医：dentist，为名词，此处应用名词单数形式，固定短语go to the dentist“去看牙医”。故填dentist。 (6) The teacher gave us c (清晰的) instructions before we made the teaching tools. 【答案】(c)lear 【详解】句意：老师在我们制作教具之前给了我们清晰的指示。根据所给汉语及首字母提示，clear“清晰的”，形容词修饰名词“instructions”。故填(c)lear。 (7) One of the camel’s (胃) is to store water and the other is to store food. 【答案】stomachs 【详解】句意：骆驼的一个胃是用来储存水，另一个用来储存食物。one of + 可数名词复数，表示“……中的一个”，因此空格处需用名词的复数形式， “胃”的英文表达为stomach，其复数形式为stomachs。故填stomachs。 (8) He always does everything carefully to (避免) making mistakes. 【答案】avoid 【详解】句意：他做每件事总是很仔细，以避免犯错。“避免”的动词是“avoid”，“avoid doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”；根据“does everything carefully”和“making mistakes”可知，仔细做事是为了“避免”犯错，此处用“to+动词原形”表目的，“avoid”符合语境。故填avoid。 (9) If you smell g (气体) leakage, open the windows and don’t use any electrical devices. 【答案】(g)as 【详解】句意：如果你闻到气体泄漏的气味，打开窗户且不要使用任何电器设备。根据首字母提示和汉语“气体”及“leakage”“don't use any electrical devices”可知，此处表示泄漏后需避免使用电器的危险物质。名词gas“气体”符合语境，为不可数名词。故填(g)as。 (10) After he p (按) the key on the computer, the door opened. 【答案】(p)ressed 【详解】句意：他按下电脑上的键后，门开了。根据汉语和首字母“p”提示可知，此处考查press“按”，动词；又根据“the door opened”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式pressed。故填(p)ressed。 (11) The girl lost her parents in the earthquake, so she was in great p (痛苦). 【答案】(p)ain 【详解】句意：这个女孩在地震中失去了父母，所以她痛苦万分。考查短语in great pain“痛苦万分”。故填(p)ain。 (12) The medicine is able to cure the disease by reducing the number of (病毒) in a person’s body. 【答案】viruses 【详解】句意：这种药能够通过减少人体内的病毒数量来治愈疾病。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填virus“病毒”，可数名词，根据“by reducing the number of...”可知，空处应用复数形式。故填viruses。 (13) The medical workers care for all the p (病人) warmly. 【答案】patients/atients 【详解】句意：医护人员热情地照顾所有的病人。根据中文提示和首字母，patient“病人”符合题意，“all”后接可数名词复数形式。故填patients。 (14) Jim is a good boy. He always waits for the green lights before he （穿越）the road. 【答案】crosses 【详解】句意：吉姆是个好孩子。他总是等绿灯再过马路。穿过：cross；根据“waits for...”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用单三。故填crosses。 (15) 如果你喉咙痛，你可以喝一些热水。 If you , you can drink some hot water. 【答案】 have a sore throat 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空出应填have a sore throat表示“喉咙痛”，前面的主语是you，谓语动词have用原形。故填have a sore throat。 (16) 你可能发烧了，让我来测量一下你的体温。 You may have a fever, so let me . 【答案】 take your temperature 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“测量一下你的体温”。take one’s temperature表示“测量某人的体温”，这里“你的”用形容词性物主代词your。故填take；your；temperature。 (17) 我得了流感，于是去看了医生。 I and went to see the doctor. 【答案】 had the flu 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“得了流感”，对应英文短语have the flu；根据“and went to see the doctor.”可知，原句是一般过去时，谓语动词have用过去式had。故填had；the；flu。 (18) 我的父母阻止我玩太多电脑游戏。 My parents me playing computer games too much. 【答案】 stop/prevent/keep from 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“阻止……”。stop/prevent/keep...from“阻止……”，本句为一般现在时态，主语为复数，动词用原形。故填stop/prevent/keep；from。 (19) 更重要的是，学英语时不要害怕犯错误。 , don’t be afraid of making mistakes when learning English. 【答案】 What’s more 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“更重要的是”，英文表达为What’s more / More importantly。故填What’s more/ More importantly。 (20) Though Liu Xiang a lot his foot problem, he still worked on and returned to the first place in 2012. (因……受苦) 【答案】 suffered from 【详解】句意：尽管刘翔遭受了很多脚疼之苦，但是他还是坚持努力工作，最后在2012年重返第一。根据中文提示可知，空处应填suffer...from“因……受苦”，根据“he still worked on and returned to the first place in 2012.”可知，时态为一般过去时，suffer的过去式为suffered。故填suffered；from。 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) We need to protect (our) from getting sunburned on sunny days. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：在晴天，我们需要保护自己不被晒伤。根据“We need to protect…from getting sunburned on sunny days.”以及提示词可知，此处指我们需要保护自己不被晒伤，主语是We，应用反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。故填ourselves。 (2) Some (gas)in the air, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, are important for life. 【答案】gases 【详解】句意：空气中的一些气体，比如氧气和二氧化碳，对生命很重要。根据“some”和“like oxygen and carbon (3) But remember that fully half of all accidents come from driver’s (careless), so always stay focused on the road. 【答案】carelessness 【详解】句意：但要记住，一半的事故来自司机的粗心大意，所以要始终专注于道路。空前有“driver’s”，表示“司机的”，需用名词作宾语，careless粗心的，形容词，其名词形式为“carelessness粗心大意”。故填carelessness。 (4) Tom has a (run) nose and he has a cold. 【答案】runny 【详解】句意：汤姆流鼻涕，感冒了。runny nose“流鼻涕”，固定短语。故填runny。 (5) Not drinking enough water is related to the (suffer) of dry throat in winter. 【答案】suffering 【详解】句意：冬天饮水不足与喉咙干燥的不适有关。suffer是动词，空处位于the...of之间，应用名词suffering。故填suffering。 (6) Free (medicine) care is provided by the government for the old. 【答案】medical 【详解】句意：政府为老年人提供免费医疗保健。 根据“Free ... (medicine) care”可知是免费医疗保健，这里应用形容词作定语，medicine的形容词形式是medical，意为“医疗的”。故填medical。 (7) Jack is ill. Doctor Wang tells him to take some (medicine). 【答案】medicine 【详解】句意：杰克生病了。王医生让他吃些药。“medicine”是不可数名词，故填medicine。 (8) Nothing can stop me from (dream) of becoming a basketball player. 【答案】dreaming 【详解】句意：没有什么能阻止我梦想成为一名篮球运动员。根据所给空前面的“from”可知，应该填的是动名词作宾语；stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”；dream“梦想”动名词形式是dreaming，故填dreaming。 (9) The policeman asked us to give a short (describe) about the accident. 【答案】description 【详解】句意：警察要求我们简短地描述一下事故的情况。冠词a修饰名词的单数形式，describe的名词形式为description。故填description。 (10) My good father is a professional doctor who is full of . (patient) 【答案】patience 【详解】句意：我的好父亲是一个充满耐心的专业医生。根据“is full of...”以及所给单词可知，此处表示充满耐心。patience“耐心”，不可数名词。故填patience。 (11) It’s wrong of the nurse to explain to the sick man (patient). 【答案】impatiently 【详解】句意：护士不耐烦地向病人解释地这种行为是不对的。空格处需修饰动词“explain”，因此应填副词，根据“It’s wrong of the nurse”可知，此处强调护士的不当行为，应是指不耐烦地向病人解释，impatiently“不耐烦地”，符合语境。故填impatiently。 (12) The girl didn’t come to school because of her serious (ill). 【答案】illness 【详解】句意：这个女孩因为重病没来上学。根据“her serious ...”可知形容词修饰名词，此处用ill的名词形式“illness”表示“疾病”，故填illness。 (13) He’s been hit by a succession of (一系列) since he joined the team. (injury) 【答案】injuries 【详解】句意：自从他加入球队以来，就接连受伤。a succession of“一系列”后接可数名词复数，injury“伤害；损伤”的复数形式是injuries，符合语境。故填injuries。 (14) We should keep (knife) out of the reach of children to avoid accidents. 【答案】knives 【详解】句意：我们应该把刀放在孩子们够不着的地方，以避免事故发生。根据“keep...out of the reach of children”可知，这里knife是可数名词，需要用复数形式表示泛指，knife的复数是knives。故填knives。 (15) Flowers could make them less stressed and less (pain). 【答案】painful 【详解】句意：鲜花能让他们压力更小，痛苦更少。pain是名词，意为“痛苦”；根据“stressed”可知，此处需要填入形容词，作make的宾语补足语，pain的形容词形式是painful“痛苦的”，符合“less+形容词”表示“更不……”的结构。故填painful。 (16) The (bright) of the full moon makes it easy to see clearly at night. 【答案】brightness 【详解】句意：满月的光亮使得夜晚能看得一清二楚。空处位于“The”后，“of”前，填名词作主语。bright“明亮的”，形容词，名词为brightness“光亮，明亮”，不可数名词。故填brightness。 (17) Some (environment) groups asked the government to close down all the factories in this area. Some people think they have gone too far. 【答案】environmental 【详解】句意：一些环保组织要求政府关闭该地区所有的工厂。一些人认为他们做得太过分了。根据“groups”可知，此处应用“environment”的形容词形式“environmental”作定语修饰名词“groups”，表示“环保的”。故填environmental。 (18) I have a little telescope that helps me see the stars more (clear). 【答案】clearly 【详解】句意：我有一个小望远镜，可以帮助我更清楚地看到星星。clear“清楚的”，形容词；空处修饰动词see，用副词clearly“清楚地”，比较级形式直接在前面加more。故填clearly。 (19) At last the clouds (clear) and the rain stopped. 【答案】cleared 【详解】句意：最后乌云散去，雨停了。and连接并列结构，前后时态需一致；根据下文 and the rain stopped可知，动词需用过去式，故填cleared。 (20) This morning, Sam ate some food which went bad and now his stomach is (ache). 【答案】aching 【详解】句意：今天早上，Sam吃了一些变质的食物，现在他的胃很疼。根据提示可知，ache“疼痛”，动词，结合空前的is可知，此处是现在进行时，结构是be doing，所以空处用动词的现在分词形式。故填aching。 3. 单项填空 (1) —What’s the matter with you? —I have a ________. I have to see the dentist. A．toothache B．sore throat C．cold D．headache 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？——我牙疼。我得去看牙医。 考查名词辨析。toothache表示“牙疼”；sore throat表示“喉咙痛”；cold表示“感冒”；headache表示“头疼”。根据“I have to see the dentist.”可知，得去看牙医，由此可推断出是牙疼。故选A。 (2) —What’s ________ wrong with you? —I have a toothache and I got ________ X-ray just now. A．the; an B．/; an C．the; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？  ——我牙疼，刚才拍了张X光片。 考查冠词用法。a一个，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前；an一个，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的可数名词单数前；the定冠词，用于表示特定的人、事物或独一无二的事物等，表特指。“What’s wrong with you?”是固定句型，意为“你怎么了？”，中间不加冠词。X-ray是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an表示“一”的概念，“got an X-ray”意为“拍了一张X光片”。故选B。 (3) This morning, Sam ate some food which went bad and now his ________ is aching. A．leg B．arm C．stomach D．back 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天早上，山姆吃了一些变质的食物，现在他的胃痛。 考查名词。leg腿；arm手臂；stomach胃；back后背。根据上文“some food which went bad”可知，食物变质了，吃进胃里会不舒服的。故选C。 (4) Our Chinese teacher didn't come to school today because of the ________ .We hope she will be better soon. A．description B．conversation C．illness D．brightness 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的语文老师今天没来学校，因为病了，我们希望她很快好起来。 考查名词辨析。description描述； conversation谈话；illness 病；brightness亮度。根据We hope she will be better soon.可知是病；故选C。 (5) He often ________ his foot pains, but he doesn’t stop doing sports. A．suffers from B．looks for C．fights against D．turns off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他经常遭受脚疼的折磨，但是他没有停止做运动。 考查动词短语。suffers from受折磨于；looks for寻找；fights against与⋯⋯作斗争；turns off关闭。根据“he doesn’t stop doing sports.”可推知前面表示“他经常遭受脚伤的痛苦”。故选A。 (6) — I am coughing day and night. —________ Why not go to see a doctor? A．I’m sorry to hear that. B．Never mind. C．How long have you been like this? D．You’re right. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我日夜咳嗽。——听到这个我很难过。为什么不去看医生呢？ 考查交际用语。I’m sorry to hear that. 听到这个我很难过；Never mind. 没关系；How long have you been like this? 你这样多久了；You’re right. 你是对的。根据“I am coughing day and night.” 可知，说话者在抱怨自己的健康问题。合适的回应应该是表示同情或关心，然后建议去看医生。故选A。 (7) —I lose my voice these days. I think I’m getting sick. —That’s not good. Maybe you should ________ and rest. A．stay up late B．take some pills C．have a fever D．communicate with me 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这些天我嗓子哑了，我觉得我生病了。——那可不太好，或许你应该吃点药然后休息。 考查情景交际。stay up late熬夜；take some pills吃点药；have a fever发烧；communicate with me和我交流。根据“I think I’m getting sick.”可知，此处是建议生病后的应对措施，“吃点药”符合语境。故选B。 (8) —We should ________ the old people. —Yes, they need our help and time. A．be strict with B．be proud of C．be patient with D．be similar to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们应该对老人有耐心。——是的，他们需要我们的帮助和时间。 考查形容词短语。be strict with对……严格；be proud of为……感到自豪；be patient with对……有耐心；be similar to与……相似。根据答语“they need our help and time”可知，老人需要帮助和时间，这暗示我们应该对他们有耐心。故选C。 (9) —Doctor, how should I take the medicine? —Please read the instructions on medicine __________. They are __________ for the sick. A．careful; clearly B．carefully; clear C．careful; clearly D．carefully; clearly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——医生，我该怎么吃药？——请仔细阅读药品说明书。它们对病人来说是清楚的。 考查词义辨析。careful仔细的；carefully仔细地；clear清楚的；clearly清楚地。根据句意可知第一个空用副词“carefully”修饰动词“read”；第二个空前有系动词“are”，后跟形容词。故选B。 (10) —China is getting better at making high-technology products. —That’s right. People all over the world can hardly __________ buying products made in China. A．continue B．avoid C．clear D．press 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——中国越来越擅长制造高科技产品。——没错。全世界的人都几乎不能避免购买中国制造的产品。 考查动词辨析。continue继续；avoid避免；clear清理;press按，压。根据“China is getting better at making high-technology products.”可知，此处表示不能避免购买中国制造的产品，故选B。 4. 选词填空 A 从方框中选择合适的词填空，每词限用一次，注意使用正确形式。 press; sore; pain; careless; avoid; suffer; medicine; patient (1) My neck is so ______ that I can’t move it easily after playing computer games for hours. 【答案】sore 【详解】句意：我的脖子很酸痛，玩了几小时电脑后都没法轻松转动。sore 作形容词，意为 “疼痛的”，常用来描述身体部位的酸痛。 (2) You should take this ______ three times a day before meals to get better soon. 【答案】medicine 【详解】句意：你应该每天饭前吃三次这种药，这样才能快点好起来。medicine 作名词，意为 “药”，take medicine 为固定搭配，意为 “吃药”。 (3) It’s important to be ______ with kids when they make mistakes in their homework. 【答案】patient 【详解】句意：当孩子作业出错时，对他们保持耐心很重要。patient 作形容词，意为 “耐心的”，be patient with sb. 为固定搭配，意为 “对某人有耐心”。 (4) The little boy ______ a lot from a high fever last week and he didn’t go to school. 【答案】suffered 【详解】句意：这个小男孩上周发了高烧，难受了好一阵子，都没去上学。根据时间状语 last week 可知用一般过去时，suffered 是 suffer 的过去式，suffer from 意为 “遭受；忍受（病痛等）”。 (5) Please ______ the button(按钮) on the machine, and it will start working in a minute. 【答案】press 【详解】句意：请按一下机器上的按钮，它马上就会开始运行。本句为祈使句，用动词原形，press 作动词，意为 “按压”。 (6) Tom was ______ in the math test, so he made lots of silly mistakes. 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：汤姆数学考试时很粗心，所以犯了很多低级错误。careless 作形容词，意为 “粗心的”，符合语境。 (7) If you want to ______ getting lost in the forest, you’d better take a map with you. 【答案】avoid 【详解】句意：如果你想避免在森林里迷路，最好随身带一张地图。want to 后接动词原形，avoid 意为 “避免”，avoid doing sth. 为固定用法。 (8) I can feel a sharp(急剧的) ______ in my leg, so I need to see a doctor right now. 【答案】pain 【详解】句意：我能感觉到腿上一阵剧痛，所以需要马上去看医生。pain 作名词，意为 “疼痛”，a sharp pain 表示 “一阵剧痛”。 B 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 surprise   fever   matter   stop   wait   nurse   an   down   rest   throat   drink   than One morning, Tom didn’t feel well. He had a bad headache and a sore 1 . Tom went to the clinic (诊所). There were a lot of people in the waiting room and Tom had to 2 a long time. At last, it’s his turn, and the 3 showed Tom into the doctor’s room. The doctor asked, “what’s the 4 with you?” “I’m sick, and I can’t 5 sneezing (打喷嚏),” Tom said. “You’ve just got a cold,” the doctor checked and said. “Medicine isn’t necessary. Just go home, 6 a lot of water, and take rests for a few days.” Tom was unhappy. “There must be something you can give me, doctor,” he said. “I don’t want to be like this for several days.” The doctor thought for a moment. Then he said, “OK. Go home and get into a hot bath. Stay in it for half 7 hour until the water is cold. Then put on your swimming suit and run around the streets until you are really cold. Then lie 8 on the grass.” Tom was 9 . “But doctor,”he said, “if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). That’s much more serious 10 a cold.” “I know,” the doctor said, “but there’s medicine for pneumonia.” 【答案】 1．throat 2．wait 3．nurse 4．matter 5．stop 6．drink 7．an 8．down 9．surprised 10．than 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了汤姆看病的经历。 1．句意：他头痛得厉害，喉咙也痛。根据“He had a bad headache and a sore”可知，设空处应该说喉咙痛，备选词throat符合语境，had a sore throat“喉咙痛”。故填throat。 2．句意：候诊室里有很多人，汤姆不得不等了很长时间。根据“There were a lot of people in the waiting room”可知，设空处应该说等了很长时间，备选词wait“等待”符合语境，had to接动词原形。故填wait。 3．句意：最后，轮到他了，护士把汤姆领进了医生的房间。根据“showed Tom into the doctor’s room.”可知，应该说护士带汤姆进医生的房间，备选词nurse“护士”符合语境，填单数名词，故填nurse。 4．句意：医生问：“你怎么了？”根据“what’s the…you”可知，考查固定句型what’s the matter with you“你怎么了”，备选词matter符合语境。故填matter。 5．句意：“我病了，不停地打喷嚏，”汤姆说。根据“sneezing (打喷嚏),”可知，设空处应该说不停打喷嚏，备选词stop符合语境，stop doing“停止做某事”，设空处前是“can’t”，填动词原形。故填stop。 6．句意：回家去，多喝水，休息几天。根据“ a lot of water”可知，设空处应该说多喝水，备选词drink“喝”符合语境，该句是祈使句，填动词原形。故填drink。 7．句意：在里面待半个小时，直到水变冷。根据“half…hour”可知，考查固定短语half an hour“半小时”，备选词an符合语境。故填an。 8．句意：然后躺在草地上。根据“lie…on the grass”可知，此处指的躺在草地上，备选词down符合语境，lie down“躺下”。故填down。 9．句意：汤姆很吃惊。根据“if I do like that, I’ll get pneumonia (肺炎). ”可知，汤姆很好奇，备选词surprise符合语境，此处修饰人，其形容词surprised“感到惊讶的”符合语境，作表语。故填surprised。 10．句意：那比感冒严重多了。根据“That’s much more serious”可知，此处指的比感冒严重，备选词than“比”符合语境。故填than。 5. 翻译句子 (1) —你感觉如何？ —我感觉比昨天更差了。 — — 【答案】—How are you feeling? —I feel even worse than yesterday. (2) —你的腿怎么了？ —一只狗咬了我的腿。我的腿现在很痛 — — 【答案】—What's wrong with your leg? / What's the matter with your leg? —A dog bit my leg. My leg hurts a lot now. / A dog bit my leg. I have a terrible pain in my leg now. / A dog bit my leg. It is aching terribly now . (3) 你应该去看医生并且拍个X光片。 【答案】You should go to the doctor and get an X-ray. (4) 下次过马路时小心一些。 【答案】Be careful when you cross the road next time. (5) Tom昨天感冒并且流鼻涕，所以他没去上学。 【答案】Tom has a cold and had a runny nose, so he didn’t go to school. (6) 你要避免长时间看着屏幕。 【答案】You should avoid looking at the screen for a long time. (7) 他从椅子上摔了下来。幸运地是，他没有伤到自己。 【答案】He fell off the chair. Luckily, he didn’t hurt himself. (8) 为了防止你自己生病，你不应该吃冷的食物。 【答案】To stop yourself from getting ill, you shouldn’t eat cold food. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $