Units 5～8单元课文翻译 - 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

沪教8下课文及翻译 Unit5 reading One family, two worlds: an elephant’s story（一个家族，两个世界：一头大象的故事） 英文原文： One family, two worlds: an elephant’s story I’m now very old and near the end of my life. But I can still remember many many years ago, I lived with my mother, aunts and cousins in a wild and beautiful land. We enjoyed our time under the deep blue sky. We had more than enough to eat. We never worried about anything until one day, when I was about three. On that day, a group of two-legged strangers appeared in front of us—I found out later that they were humans. Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives. As I was about to be shot, one of them said, “Keep that little one. He’s handsome and seems smart. We can make greater use of him.” I was then trained and forced to do all kinds of stupid tricks to make humans laugh. Now, years and years later, things are changing for the better. Our population is starting to grow again. My great great grandsons and granddaughters are able to move freely across the land. They search for food, water and places to rest. The little ones sometimes damage crops and people’s homes. But they are not chased or harmed. There are no angry humans going after them. Instead, people leave them bags of corn and fruit on the roadside. The food leads them in the right direction back to their homeland. Drones follow their progress and volunteers protect them from harm. The little ones do not have to worry about anything. They move around without a care in the world. They eat when they are hungry and sleep when tired. They swim in the river and play when they feel like it. No one forces them to move away from their land. What a different world this is! This is a world of harmony between man and other animals. In the old world, we were killed for our tusks. In this new world, humans respect and value all animal species. 中文翻译： 一个家族，两个世界：一头大象的故事 我现在很老了，生命已近尾声。但我仍能记得很多很多年前，我和我的母亲、阿姨们以及表亲们生活在一片原始而美丽的土地上。我们在湛蓝的天空下享受时光。我们有充足的食物。我们从不担心任何事情，直到我大约三岁的那一天。 那天，一群两条腿的陌生人出现在我们面前——后来我才知道他们是人类。他们毫无预警地举起枪，射杀了我的母亲和几位亲戚。就在我也即将被射杀时，其中一人说：“留下那个小的。它长得俊，看起来也聪明。我们可以更好地利用它。” 随后我被训练并被迫表演各种愚蠢的把戏来逗人类发笑。 如今，许多许多年过去，情况正在好转。我们的种群数量开始再次增长。我的曾曾孙辈们能够自由地在这片土地上活动。他们寻找食物、水和休息的地方。小家伙们有时会破坏庄稼和人们的房屋。但它们不会被驱逐或伤害。没有愤怒的人类追捕它们。相反，人们会在路边留给它们一袋袋玉米和水果。这些食物引导它们走向正确的方向，返回家园。无人机跟踪它们的行踪，志愿者保护它们免受伤害。小家伙们无需担心任何事情。它们无忧无虑地四处走动。饿了就吃，累了就睡。想游泳时就在河里嬉戏，想玩耍时就尽情玩耍。没有人强迫它们离开自己的土地。 这是多么不同的一个世界啊！这是一个人类与其他动物和谐共处的世界。在旧世界里，我们因象牙而被猎杀。在这个新世界里，人类尊重并珍视所有动物物种。 Unit5 Focusing on culture The story of the red-crowned crane（丹顶鹤的故事） 英文原文： The story of the red-crowned crane *Have you ever heard the song “The Story of the Red-Crowned Crane”? You may think it is about a rare bird. In fact, it is about a girl called Xu Xiujuan.* Xiujuan was born in Zhalong, Heilongjiang Province, in 1964. Her father looked after red-crowned cranes at the local nature reserve. These tall, slim-necked birds are a symbol of luck, long life and loyalty, but they are now among the rarest crane species in the world. Xiujuan loved birds and started helping her father with his work at 17. At first, it was hard, but later she became very good at taking care of them. When she hatched her first cranes, she was only a teenager. When she was 21, Xiujuan was offered a job at a nature reserve in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. She carefully packed three red-crowned crane eggs and took them with her to Yancheng. The trip was long but Xiujuan made sure the eggs were warm and safe. Xiujuan worked hard at the nature reserve. She not only cared for cranes, but also looked after swans and other bird species. Whenever a bird became sick, she would stay with it day and night until it was strong enough to fly again. One day in 1987, two swans went missing. The workers in the nature reserve looked everywhere for them. Xiujuan was alarmed, and searched for them for two days and nights. Since it is typical of swans to feed in the wetlands, she decided to look for the birds there. She was hungry and thirsty, and her body was sore from swimming, but she continued searching in the water for many hours. Finally, she was too tired to return to the shore. Xiujuan lost her life. She was only 23. Later, a song called “The Story of the Red-Crowned Crane” was written in memory of Xiujuan and her courage and dedication. 中文翻译： 丹顶鹤的故事 *你听过《一个真实的故事》（又名《丹顶鹤的故事》）这首歌吗？你可能以为它唱的是一种珍稀的鸟。事实上，它唱的是一个叫徐秀娟的女孩。* 秀娟于1964年出生在黑龙江省扎龙。她的父亲在当地自然保护区照看丹顶鹤。这种高挑、长颈的鸟象征着吉祥、长寿和忠诚，但它们现在是世界上最稀有的鹤类之一。 秀娟喜爱鸟类，17岁就开始帮助父亲工作。起初很艰难，但后来她变得非常擅长照顾它们。当她成功孵化出第一窝鹤时，她还只是个少女。 21岁时，秀娟得到了江苏盐城自然保护区的一份工作。她仔细包好三枚丹顶鹤蛋，带着它们前往盐城。路途漫长，但秀娟确保鹤蛋温暖安全。 秀娟在自然保护区努力工作。她不仅照顾鹤，还照看天鹅和其他鸟类。每当有鸟儿生病，她都会日夜陪伴，直到它恢复体力再次飞翔。 1987年的一天，两只天鹅失踪了。保护区的工作人员四处寻找。秀娟心急如焚，连续寻找了两天两夜。由于天鹅通常在湿地觅食，她决定去那里寻找。她又饿又渴，身体因长时间游泳而酸痛，但她仍在水中搜寻了许多小时。最终，她筋疲力尽，无法游回岸边。秀娟失去了生命，年仅23岁。 后来，人们创作了一首名为《一个真实的故事》（又名《丹顶鹤的故事》）的歌曲，以纪念秀娟以及她的勇气和奉献精神。 Unit5 Cross-curricular connection The IUCN Red List（世界自然保护联盟红色名录） 英文原文： The IUCN Red List The IUCN Red List was created in 1964. It contains information about the conservation status of different animal species. The list divides species into nine categories. | NOT EVALUATED | DATA DEFICIENT | LEAST CONCERN | NEAR THREATENED | VULNERABLE | ENDANGERED | | NE | DD | LC | NT | VU | EN | Below are two of the conservation categories on the list: Vulnerable (VU) – The species risks dying out in the wild. For example: - There are fewer than 1,000 individuals left, or - the population has fallen by 30%–60% in the past 10 years / three generations. Endangered (EN) – The species faces a very high risk of dying out in the wild. For example: - There are fewer than 250 individuals left, or - the population has fallen by 50%–80% in the past 10 years / three generations. | Animal | IUCN Red List status | Current population trend | | tiger | EN | decreasing | | Asian elephant | EN | decreasing | | giant panda | VU | increasing | 中文翻译： 世界自然保护联盟红色名录 IUCN红色名录创立于1964年。它包含不同动物物种的保护状况信息。该名录将物种分为九个类别。 | 未评估 | 数据缺乏 | 无危 | 近危 | 易危 | 濒危 | | NE | DD | LC | NT | VU | EN | 以下是名录中的两个保护类别： 易危 (VU) – 该物种在野外有灭绝风险。例如： - 现存个体少于1000只，或 - 在过去10年或三代内，种群数量下降了30%–60%。 濒危 (EN) – 该物种在野外面临极高的灭绝风险。例如： - 现存个体少于250只，或 - 在过去10年或三代内，种群数量下降了50%–80%。 | 动物 | IUCN红色名录状态 | 当前种群趋势 | | 老虎 | 濒危 (EN) | 下降 | | 亚洲象 | 濒危 (EN) | 下降 | | 大熊猫 | 易危 (VU) | 增长 | 沪教8下六单元课文及翻译 Unit6 reading English Week: A chance for students to shine（英语周：学生闪耀的机会） 英文原文： English Week: A chance for students to shine Last week, students at Yangguang Junior High School worked hard to make their English Week a big success. This year's theme was "promoting cultural exchange". There were a number of events and activities during the week. There was an English book fair and a treasure hunt. Some students took part in a speaking competition. They spoke for two minutes on a topic of their choice, and there were wonderful speeches about recent technological developments in China and abroad. Other students put on an English play. They designed the costumes themselves and had great fun acting in the play. One of the most popular activities was a poster design competition. We spoke to the winner, Zhang Xin. "I'm so happy I won," he said. "I made a poster about the Silk Road. It was great to learn about this important network of trade routes between China and Europe." We spoke to several other students about English Week. One of them was Su Mei. "It gave me a chance to learn about other parts of the world, and it has really helped me improve my English speaking skills. I didn't know that learning could be this fun!" The teachers were all very happy with the result. "English Week is a great opportunity for students: they get to take part in fun activities, practise using English and acquire valuable cultural knowledge at the same time," said a teacher. "No wonder everyone is looking forward to next year's English Week!" 中文翻译： 英语周：学生闪耀的机会 上周，阳光初级中学的学生们共同努力，使他们的英语周取得了巨大成功。今年的主题是“促进文化交流”。 本周期间举办了许多活动和项目。有英语书展和寻宝游戏。一些学生参加了演讲比赛。他们就自选话题进行两分钟的演讲，其中不乏关于中外最新技术发展的精彩演说。其他学生则上演了一出英语剧。他们自己设计服装，并在表演中获得了极大的乐趣。 最受欢迎的活动之一是海报设计比赛。我们采访了获胜者张欣。“我很高兴我赢了，”他说。“我做了一张关于丝绸之路的海报。了解这条连接中国和欧洲的重要贸易路线网络真是太棒了。” 我们还采访了其他几位学生关于英语周的看法。其中一位是苏梅。“它给了我一个了解世界其他地区的机会，并且真的帮助我提高了英语口语技能。我以前不知道学习可以这么有趣！” 老师们对结果都非常满意。“英语周对学生来说是一个绝佳的机会：他们可以参加有趣的活动，练习使用英语，同时获取宝贵的文化知识，”一位老师说。“难怪大家都在期待明年的英语周！” Unit6 Focusing on culture The history of English（英语的历史） 英文原文： The history of English | 时期 Period | 名称 Designation | 描述 Description | |---|---|---| | 英语之前 Before English | | | | 约公元前500年 Approximately 500 BCE | 凯尔特人 The Celts | 在古代，不列颠岛上的人不说英语；他们很可能说的是凯尔特语。 In ancient times, people in Britain did not speak English; instead, they probably spoke Celtic languages. | | 公元43年 43 CE | 罗马人 The Romans | 大约2000年前，罗马人占领了不列颠大部分地区。他们的语言是拉丁语。 Around 2000 years ago, the Romans took over most of Britain. Their language was Latin. | | 古英语 Old English | | | | 公元5世纪 5th century CE | 盎格鲁-撒克逊人 The Anglo-Saxons | 在罗马统治几百年后，来自北欧的盎格鲁-撒克逊人成为了该岛的新统治者。他们的语言成为古英语的基础。 After a few hundred years of Roman rule, Anglo-Saxons from northern Europe became the new rulers of the island. Their language became the basis for Old English. | | 公元793年 793 | 维京人 The Vikings | 维京人在8世纪末开始袭击不列颠海岸。很快，他们在英格兰大部分地区建立了维京王国。他们将古诺斯语词汇引入了英语。 Vikings began attacking the coasts of Britain in the late 8th century. Soon, they created a Viking kingdom across a large part of England. They introduced Norse words into English. | | 中古英语 Middle English | | | | 公元1066年 1066 | 诺曼人 The Normans | 1066年，诺曼人（来自法国）征服了英格兰。他们带来了他们版本的法国语言。 In 1066, the Normans (people from France) conquered England. They brought with them their version of French. | | 中世纪 Middle Ages | 中古英语 Middle English | 诺曼法语成为政府语言，但普通人仍说古英语。然而，由于维京人和诺曼人的影响，语法和词汇很快发生了变化。古英语逐渐演变为中古英语。 Norman French became the language of government, but ordinary people continued to speak Old English. However, the grammar and vocabulary soon changed because of the influence of the Vikings and the Normans. Old English gradually turned into Middle English. | | 现代英语 Modern English | | | | 公元1400–1600年 1400–1600 | 早期现代英语 Early Modern English | 在中世纪晚期，我们今天所知的语言开始出现。在这段时间里，许多单词的拼写和发音发生了很大变化。到威廉·莎士比亚创作他的戏剧时，这种语言看起来与中古英语完全不同了。 In the late Middle Ages, the language we know today began to appear. During this time, the spelling and pronunciation of many words changed a lot. By the time William Shakespeare wrote his plays, the language looked completely different from Middle English. | | 公元1800年至今 1800– | 全球英语 Global English | 随着工业革命，英国人开始在全世界进行贸易，并使英语成为一种全球性语言。 With the Industrial Revolution, the British started trading all over the world and made English a global language. | 中文翻译： 该表格以时间线形式概述了英语的发展历程，从凯尔特语和拉丁语的影响开始，到盎格鲁-撒克逊人带来古英语基础，再到维京人和诺曼人带来的词汇与语言结构变化，促成了中古英语的形成。莎士比亚时代见证了向早期现代英语的转变，而工业革命则推动了英语的全球化。 Unit6 Cross-curricular connection The fir tree（枞树） 英文原文： The fir tree Deep in the forest grew a pretty little fir tree. The forest was a perfect home for many plants and animals, but the little fir tree was not happy. It wanted to be tall like the other trees. The sun shone, and the tree’s leaves fluttered in the soft air. Some children played and laughed as they passed by. A child said, “What a pretty little tree!” But the fir tree remained unhappy. The tree grew a little bit each year, but even this didn’t make it happy. “Oh! Why can’t I just be tall like all the other trees?” it cried. The tree was so unhappy—it took no pleasure in the warm sunshine, the birds, or the rosy clouds that floated over it morning and evening. Years passed, and finally the tree grew very tall. Still, it complained, “Oh, I must keep growing tall and old! Nothing else matters in the world!” The sunshine was tired of hearing the fir tree’s cries. “Don’t wish away your youth,” it said. “Enjoy your bright life in the fresh air—it is worth more than you think!” But the fir tree didn’t listen. One winter, a few days before Christmas, a woodcutter came and cut the unhappy fir tree down. Two men carried it into a beautiful room. On Christmas Eve, the people in the house decorated the fir tree with colourful paper, stars and candles. “How beautiful the tree is!” everyone cheered. The fir tree was happy now. “What will happen next?” it thought. The next morning, some people carried the fir tree out of the room and threw it into a dark corner of the attic. Many days and nights went by, but no one came. “Oh no,” thought the tree, “this place is dark and lonely. I wish I were in the forest with the sunshine on my leaves and the birds singing around me. The forest was the perfect home for me. I didn’t realize how happy I was at the time!” 中文翻译： 枞树 森林深处长着一棵漂亮的小枞树。森林是许多动植物的完美家园，但这棵小枞树并不快乐。它想长得像其他树一样高。 阳光照耀，树叶在柔和的微风中飘动。一些孩子路过时玩耍嬉笑。一个孩子说：“多漂亮的小树啊！” 但枞树仍然不开心。 这棵树每年都长高一点点，但即便如此，它也不快乐。“哦！为什么我就不能像所有其他的树一样高呢？” 它哭喊道。这棵树如此不快乐——它对温暖的阳光、鸟儿，或是早晚飘浮在它上空的玫瑰色云彩都感受不到丝毫乐趣。 多年过去了，这棵树终于长得非常高了。然而，它仍然抱怨道：“哦，我必须继续长高变老！世上其他一切都不重要！” 阳光听腻了枞树的哭喊。“不要虚度你的青春，” 它说。“享受你在新鲜空气中明亮的生活——它比你以为的更有价值！” 但枞树没有听。 有一年冬天，圣诞节前几天，一个樵夫来了，砍倒了这棵不快乐的枞树。两个人把它抬进了一个漂亮的房间。在平安夜，房子里的人们用彩纸、星星和蜡烛装饰了这棵枞树。“这棵树多美啊！” 每个人都欢呼起来。枞树现在很高兴。“接下来会发生什么呢？” 它想。 第二天早上，一些人把枞树抬出房间，扔进了阁楼一个黑暗的角落。许多个日日夜夜过去了，但没有人来。“哦，不，” 树想，“这个地方又黑暗又孤独。我真希望我还在森林里，阳光洒在我的叶子上，鸟儿在我周围歌唱。森林曾经是我完美的家园。我那时竟没有意识到自己有多快乐！” 沪教8下七单元课文及翻译 Unit7 reading Life in space（太空生活） 英文原文： Life in space It was the proudest moment of my life. We were waiting for instructions from ground control. The minutes seemed like hours. Finally, we took off. We were travelling so fast—it only took about 10 minutes to get into orbit. At first, it was a shock to my body. I wasn’t feeling great. However, I soon adjusted and felt better. At last, we reached the space station—my new home for a while! Let me tell you what life in space is like. Eating in space I used to worry about the food in space. But in fact we can choose from many types of food, such as fruit, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. We have different types of tea, juice and soup as well. It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! Working in space We are very busy every day. Being an astronaut is hard because you do not experience gravity when you are in orbit. Everything floats, including you, so simple tasks seem harder and take longer to do. When we go outside, we have to move very carefully. We can’t afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. However, it is an amazing experience to go outside the space station in a spacesuit. The view of the Earth is great! Sleeping in space Just like on Earth, I go to bed at a certain time. However, I sleep in a sleeping bag in a small room, and I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake! Exercising in space Exercise is an important part of our daily routine in space. When we live in space, we start losing muscle. Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. If we do not exercise, we will be very weak when we return to the Earth. Luckily, we have a small gym on the space station to help us stay fit. However, the exercise equipment is very different from what we use on Earth. 中文翻译： 太空生活 那是我生命中最自豪的时刻。我们正在等待地面控制中心的指令。每一分钟都像一小时那么漫长。终于，我们起飞了。我们的速度非常快——进入轨道只用了大约10分钟。起初，我的身体受到了冲击，感觉不太舒服。然而，我很快适应了，感觉好多了。最终，我们到达了空间站——这将是我未来一段时间的新家！让我告诉你太空生活是怎样的。 太空饮食 我曾经担心太空中的食物。但实际上，我们可以从许多种食物中选择，比如水果、坚果、鸡肉、牛肉和海鲜。我们也有不同类型的茶、果汁和汤。事实证明，在太空中进食也可以是一种享受！ 太空工作 我们每天都非常忙碌。成为一名宇航员很不容易，因为你在轨道上感受不到重力。所有东西都会漂浮，包括你自己，所以简单的任务似乎更难完成，耗时也更长。当我们到舱外时，我们必须非常小心地移动。我们不能犯任何错误，所以有时压力很大。然而，穿着宇航服到空间站外面是一次奇妙的经历。地球的景色美极了！ 太空睡眠 就像在地球上一样，我在固定时间睡觉。但是，我在一个小房间里睡在睡袋里，并且必须把我的睡袋贴在墙上。这可以防止我在房间里飘来飘去并误撞到东西！ 太空锻炼 锻炼是我们太空中日常生活的重要组成部分。当我们生活在太空时，肌肉会开始流失。锻炼可以减缓肌肉流失。如果我们不锻炼，返回地球时会非常虚弱。幸运的是，空间站上有一个小型健身房帮助我们保持健康。不过，那里的健身器材与地球上的大不相同。 Unit7 Focusing on culture Tiangong: China’s space station（天宫：中国空间站） 英文原文： Tiangong: China’s space station Chinese people have long dreamt of exploring space. In 2022, China finished building a space station called Tiangong (“Heavenly Palace”). The name comes from ancient Chinese legends about the sky. The most important part of Tiangong space station is called Tianhe (“Harmony of Heavens”). It was sent into space on 29 April 2021. Just a few weeks after it arrived at its destination, Tianhe got its first visitor—the Tianzhou-2 spacecraft. The spacecraft delivered fuel, equipment, tools and supplies for the astronauts. At this point, the space station was ready to receive human visitors. Seven weeks later, the first three astronauts arrived at Tianhe on Shenzhou-12. The crew spent three months testing equipment and preparing it for future astronauts. Since then, several more Shenzhou crews have visited Tiangong, and two more lab modules (Wentian and Mengtian) have been added. Astronauts on space missions are always very busy. They need to do important experiments and collect scientific data. But it is definitely an amazing experience. The astronauts get to go on spacewalks, and they can see the sun rise 16 times in one day because Tiangong travels at about 28,000 kilometres an hour. That means it only takes about 90 minutes to go around the Earth! At a height of about 400 kilometres above the Earth, Tiangong passes across the sky. We do not need any special tools to see it: the space station can be seen from most parts of the world with the naked eye. If you know when and where to look, you will see a tiny shiny object moving across the night sky. 中文翻译： 天宫：中国空间站 中国人长久以来一直梦想着探索太空。2022年，中国建成了一个名为“天宫”的空间站。这个名字来源于中国古代关于天空的传说。 天宫空间站最重要的部分被称为“天和”核心舱。它于2021年4月29日发射升空。在它抵达目的地几周后，天和迎来了它的第一位访客——天舟二号货运飞船。该飞船为宇航员运送了燃料、设备、工具和补给品。至此，空间站已准备好迎接人类访客。七周后，首批三名宇航员乘坐神舟十二号抵达天和。乘组花了三个月时间测试设备，为未来的宇航员做准备。自那以后，又有多个神舟乘组访问了天宫，并增加了两个实验舱（“问天”和“梦天”）。 执行太空任务的宇航员总是非常忙碌。他们需要做重要的实验并收集科学数据。但这绝对是一次奇妙的经历。宇航员可以进行太空行走，并且他们一天可以看到16次日出，因为天宫以大约每小时28,000公里的速度飞行。这意味着绕地球一圈只需要大约90分钟！ 在距离地球约400公里的高度，天宫划过天空。我们不需要任何特殊工具就能看到它：从世界大部分地区都可以用肉眼看到这个空间站。如果你知道何时何地观看，你会看到一个微小的发光物体划过夜空。 Unit7 Cross-curricular connection How BDS works（北斗导航系统如何工作） 英文原文： How BDS works What is BDS? BDS, officially known as the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, is one of the global navigation satellite systems. How does BDS work? - BDS is a group of satellites in orbit around the Earth. - Each satellite sends radio signals to the Earth with information. The signals answer two important questions: “Where in space is the satellite?” and “When did the signal leave the satellite?” - The radio signal travels through space at the speed of light—that is 299,792 kilometres per second! - On Earth, your phone receives the signal and compares it with the exact time of arrival. It then calculates the distance from the satellite. - One satellite is not enough. Your phone needs information from **at least four satellites** to calculate your precise location. It does this continuously, so when using a BDS device, you won’t get lost. What’s special about BDS? We can also use BDS for two-way communication. In areas without any mobile network, people can send text messages through BeiDou satellites. How do we use BDS? If your phone supports BDS, it will automatically pick the navigation system with the best signal at the time. Can we use BDS outside China? Yes, we can use BDS outside China, but its accuracy is higher in China and the Asia-Pacific region. 中文翻译： 北斗导航系统如何工作 什么是BDS？ BDS，官方名称为北斗导航卫星系统，是全球导航卫星系统之一。 BDS如何工作？ - BDS是一组环绕地球轨道运行的卫星。 - 每颗卫星向地球发送携带信息的无线电信号。这些信号回答两个重要问题：“卫星在太空中的什么位置？”以及“信号是何时离开卫星的？” - 无线电信号以光速在太空中传播——即每秒299,792公里！ - 回到地球这里，你的手机接收信号，并将其与精确的到达时间进行比较。然后手机计算它与卫星之间的距离。 - 一颗卫星的信息是不够的。你的手机需要四颗卫星的信息才能计算出你的位置。它一直在进行这样的计算。因此，当我们使用北斗设备时，我们就不会迷路。 BDS有何特别之处？ 我们还可以使用BDS进行双向通信。在没有任何移动网络的地区，人们可以通过北斗卫星发送短信。 我们如何使用BDS？ 如果你的手机支持BDS，它会自动选择当时信号最好的导航系统。 在中国境外可以使用BDS吗？ 是的，我们在中国境外也可以使用BDS，但其精度在中国和亚太地区更高。 沪教8下八单元课文及翻译 Unit8 reading ALIENS ARRIVE!（外星人降临！） 英文原文： ALIENS ARRIVE! Tina woke up at midnight. She looked out of her window and saw a yellow light in the sky. It suddenly dived towards the ground. She heard a noise and saw a red light. The next morning, Tina mentioned it to her brother Tom. “I’m sure something landed in the forest near the hills as I heard a loud noise last night,” she said. “Let’s go and explore after school tonight.” At 6:00 p.m., Tina and Tom reached the forest. They heard some voices speaking a strange language, so they hid behind some bushes and kept quiet. Then they saw an alien! It was tall, with a round head and a silver body. It was standing next to a long spaceship. The spaceship was damaged because of a crash. Suddenly, another alien appeared from the bushes in front of them. The children were frightened. But then Tom got a feeling at the back of his throat. He couldn’t stop himself and coughed loudly. The aliens saw them both and made a terrible noise! The children ran away in fear. The next day, Tina and Tom told their parents about the strange creatures. “They were very ugly. They had some hair, but they didn’t have any feathers,” said Tina. “There was something written on the spaceship,” said Tom. “It looked like this. I wonder what it means.” He drew some lines on a piece of paper. Dad looked at them as if they were crazy. “Since no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you. Now go to school!” The children spread their wings and flew to school together. Dad looked at the piece of paper with the strange marks on it. “It looks strange,” he said, as he looked at the word “EARTH”. 中文翻译： 外星人降临！ 蒂娜半夜醒来。她望向窗外，看到天空中有一道黄光。它突然俯冲向地面。她听到一声巨响，并看到一道红光。 第二天早上，蒂娜把这件事告诉了她的哥哥汤姆。“我敢肯定有什么东西降落在山附近的森林里，因为我昨晚听到一声巨响，”她说。“今晚放学后我们去看看吧。” 下午6点，蒂娜和汤姆来到了森林。他们听到一些说着奇怪语言的声音，于是躲在一些灌木丛后，保持安静。然后他们看到了一个外星人！它很高，有着圆圆的头和银色的身体。它站在一艘长长的宇宙飞船旁边。飞船因为坠毁而受损了。 突然，另一个外星人从他们前面的灌木丛中出现了。孩子们吓坏了。但接着汤姆感到喉咙发痒。他忍不住大声咳嗽起来。外星人看到了他们俩，并发出可怕的响声！孩子们惊恐地逃跑了。 第二天，蒂娜和汤姆把这种奇怪的生物告诉了父母。“他们非常丑。他们有一些毛发，但没有羽毛，”蒂娜说。“飞船上有一些字，”汤姆说。“看起来像这样。我想知道它是什么意思。”他在一张纸上画了几条线。 爸爸看着他们，好像他们疯了一样。“既然没有其他人看到这些外星人，我拒绝相信你们。现在上学去！”孩子们展开翅膀，一起飞向学校。 爸爸看着那张画着奇怪符号的纸。“看起来很奇怪，”他盯着那个词“EARTH（地球）”说道。 Unit8 Focusing on culture An excerpt from The Time Machine（《时间机器》节选） 英文原文： An excerpt from The Time Machine The Time Machine is a novel by H.G. Wells. It is about a man called “The Time Traveller”. The following excerpt introduces us to five different characters. Here they are having a conversation after dinner about time travel. “But,” said the Medical Man, “if Time is really only a fourth dimension of Space, why can’t we move in Time as we move about in the other dimensions of Space?” The Time Traveller smiled. “Are you so sure we can move freely in Space? We can go right and left, backward and forward, but not up and down.” “Not exactly,” said the Medical Man. “There are balloons.” “Yes, but not before the balloons.” “Well, they could a bit,” said the Medical Man. “But you can’t move at all in Time. We can’t get away from the present moment.” “My dear sir, I’m sorry to disappoint you but you’re wrong about this. The whole world is wrong. We always get away from the present moment. Our thoughts pass along the Time-Dimension from the cradle to the grave.” The Psychologist nodded. He agreed with the Medical Man, “You can move about in all directions of Space, but you can’t move about in Time.” “You are wrong. For example, if I am remembering an event very clearly, I go back to the moment when it happened. I jump back for a moment. Of course, I can’t stay back for long. But if a man can go up in a balloon, why shouldn’t he stop or speed up along the Time-Dimension, or even travel the other way?” “Oh, this,” began Filby, “is all nonsense.” “Why not?” said the Time Traveller. “It’s against reason,” said Filby. “What reason?” said the Time Traveller. “You can argue that black is white,” said Filby, “but you will never make me believe.” “Possibly not,” said the Time Traveller. “But now you begin to see my reason for studying the Four Dimensions. Long ago I had a vague idea of a machine—” “To travel through Time!” said the Very Young Man. 中文翻译： 《时间机器》节选 《时间机器》是H.G.威尔斯的小说。它讲述了一个被称为“时间旅行者”的人的故事。以下节选向我们介绍了五个不同的角色。这里是他们在晚餐后关于时间旅行的一次对话。 “但是，”医生说，“如果时间真的只是空间的第四维度，为什么我们不能像在空间的其他维度中移动那样在时间中移动呢？” 时间旅行者微笑道。“你那么确定我们能在空间中自由移动吗？我们可以左右移动，前后移动，但不能上下移动。” “不完全是，”医生说。“有热气球。” “是的，但在热气球发明之前不行。” “嗯，他们多少能移动一点，”医生说。“但你根本不能在时间中移动。我们无法脱离当下这一刻。” “我亲爱的先生，很抱歉让你失望，但你在这点上错了。全世界都错了。我们总是在脱离当下。我们的思想沿着时间维度从摇篮传递到坟墓。”心理学家点了点头。他同意医生的观点，“你可以在空间的所有方向上移动，但你无法在时间中移动。” “你错了。例如，如果我非常清晰地回忆起一个事件，我就回到了它发生的那个时刻。我跳回到过去了一瞬间。当然，我无法长久停留在那里。但如果一个人可以乘热气球上升，为什么他不能沿着时间维度停止或加速，甚至反向旅行呢？” “哦，这个，”菲尔比开口道，“全是无稽之谈。”“为什么不行？”时间旅行者说。 “这违背理性，”菲尔比说。 “什么理性？”时间旅行者说。 “你可以辩称黑就是白，”菲尔比说，“但你永远无法让我相信。” “也许不能，”时间旅行者说。 “但现在你开始明白我研究四维空间的原因了。很久以前，我对一种机器有一个模糊的想法——” “用来穿越时间！”那个非常年轻的人说道。 Unit8 Cross-curricular connection Famous science fiction authors（著名科幻作家） 英文原文： Famous science fiction authors Jules Verne (1828–1905) - Nationality: French - Books or series: Journey to the Centre of the Earth, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, Around the World in Eighty Days - Style: He is often called the “Father of Science Fiction”. His writings are full of futuristic ideas and inventions. He is the second most translated author in the world. Isaac Asimov (1920–1992) - Nationality: American - Books or series: Foundation series - Style: Isaac Asimov was an American writer. He is known for his attention to scientific detail in his science fiction. He published about 500 books during his life and has influenced science fiction writers since the 1950s. His most famous work is the Foundation series. Liu Cixin (1963– ) - Nationality: Chinese - Books or series: The Three-Body Problem - Style: Liu Cixin is a Chinese science fiction writer. He has won many awards for his stories, and the novel The Three-Body Problem made him world-famous. In 2015, Liu won the Hugo Award for Best Novel, one of the most important science-fiction prizes. Liu’s stories are popular across the world because they explore big questions about the future. His thought-provoking novels deal with topics like the destiny of humanity and the universe. 中文翻译： 著名科幻作家 儒勒·凡尔纳 (1828–1905) - 国籍： 法国 - 作品或系列： 《地心游记》、《海底两万里》、《八十天环游地球》 - 风格： 他常被称为“科幻小说之父”。他的作品充满了未来主义的想法和发明。他是世界上作品被翻译次数第二多的作家。 艾萨克·阿西莫夫 (1920–1992) - 国籍： 美国 - 作品或系列： 《基地》系列 - 风格： 艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国作家。他以在科幻作品中注重科学细节而闻名。他一生出版了约500本书，自20世纪50年代以来影响了众多科幻作家。他最著名的作品是《基地》系列。 刘慈欣 (1963– ) - 国籍： 中国 - 作品或系列： 《三体》 - 风格： 刘慈欣是中国科幻作家。他的故事赢得了许多奖项，小说《三体》使他闻名世界。2015年，刘慈欣获得了雨果奖最佳长篇小说奖，这是最重要的科幻奖项之一。刘慈欣的故事在全世界广受欢迎，因为它们探讨了关于未来的重大问题。他发人深省的小说涉及诸如人类与宇宙的命运等主题。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $