Unit 7 课时1 Section 1 Reading（课件）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

该初中英语课件围绕“宇航员太空生活”核心主题，涵盖饮食、睡眠、工作、运动等关键内容及相关词汇句型。新课导入通过展示宇航员操作场景与空间站内部图片，结合“What do they eat/sleep in space?”等问题，搭建地球与太空生活对比的学习支架，自然引出阅读语篇。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养，如学习理解环节通过True/False预判与文本验证锻炼信息分析能力，迁移创新部分引导用关键词描述太空生活提升表达创造能力。考点速递系统梳理“take off”“turn out”等短语及中考考点，助力学生高效掌握语言知识。学生能在情境中提升语言运用能力，教师可借助结构化活动优化教学流程。

Unit 7 Section 1 Reading Space exploration 沪教版2024英语（八年级下） 1 学习目标 I can talk about astronauts’ life and work in space. understand problems caused by space junk. explain China's efforts in space exploration. describe China's latest space missions. 2 01 新 课 导 入 03 应 用 实 践 06 回 顾 总 结 07 随 堂 小 练 02 学 习 理 解 04 迁 移 创 新 05 考 点 速 递 学习内容 3 新课导入 1 4 The Space Life of Astronauts Do you know about the space life of astronauts 5 What do they eat in space？ They eat their favorite food (customized定制), there are many types of food including fruits, nuts, chicken, beef, seafood, etc, and they can even roast chicken wings themselves. 6 When sleeping, it is necessary to enter the sleeping bag fixed in the cabin wall to stop floating and hitting something by mistake! How do they sleep in space？ 7 How do they work in space？ What work do they do? They are very busy every day. Such as scientific experiments, equipment repairing, and work outside the spaceship. In a weightless environment, everything floats, making simple tasks more difficult and time-consuming. 8 How do they exercise in space？Why do they need to exercise? Exercise is very important. When living in space, we start losing muscle. Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. 9 Space life is full of fun and challenges , but technology and training make everything possible. What do you think of space life? 10 学习理解 02 11 What is it like to live and work in space? Think Before you read 1 Look at the pictures from the Tiangong space station and describe astronauts’ daily lives. Use the phrases below to helpyou do exercise look at the Earth from space do experiments move carefully float around perform a spacewalk The astronauts have a lot of work to do on the space station. For example, they need to do all kinds of experiments in space. Sometimes, they even go outside the space station and perform a spacewalk…… 13 2 Below are some statements about living and working in space. Discuss in pairs and guess if they are true (T)or false (F). Then read the article on page 101 and check if you were right. Astronauts do not have much choice of food in space. T/F (2) Astronauts sleep in the same way in space as they do on Earth. T/F (3) Astronauts are not very busy so they have a lot of time to exercise. T/F (4) Astronauts must wear a spacesuit when they are inside the space station. T / F 14 Read the article about an astronaut's life in space and learn about the differences between living in space and living on Earth. Life in space It was the proudest moment of my life. We were waiting for instructions from ground control. The minutes seemed like hours. Finally, we took off. We were travelling so fast—it only took about 10 minutes to get into orbit. At first, it was a shock to my body. I wasn't feeling great. However, I soon adjusted and felt better. At last, we reached the space station—my new home for a while! Let me tell you what life in space is like. 15 Eating in space I used to worry about the food in space. But in fact we can choose from many types of food, such as fruit, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. We have different types of tea, juice and soup as well. It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! Working in space We are very busy every day. Being an astronaut is hard because you do not experience gravity when you are in orbit. Everything floats, including you, so simple tasks seem harder and take longer to do. When we go outside, we have to move very carefully. We can't afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. However, it is an amazing experience to go outside the space station in a spacesuit. The view of the Earth is great! 16 Sleeping in space Just like on Earth, I go to bed at a certain time. However, I sleep in a sleeping bag in a small room, and I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake! Exercising in space Exercise is an important part of our daily routine in space. When we live in space, we start losing muscle. Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. If we do not exercise, we will be very weak when we return to the Earth. Luckily, we have a small gym on the space station to help us stay fit. However, the exercise equipment is very different from what we use on Earth. 17 (1)It takes the astronauts about_______(10/20)minutes to get into orbit. (2)Astronauts have______ (few/many)types of food to choose from on the space station. (3)Working in space is_______ (easier /harder)than working on Earth. (4)When astronauts go outside the space station, they have to move very __________(quickly /carefully). (5)Astronauts have to stick their sleeping bags to the _______ (wall/bed) before they go to sleep. (6)The exercise equipment on the space station is ____________(the same as/ different from) that used on Earth. 1 Scan the article on page 101 and choose the correct words to complete the sentences. 10 many harder carefully wall different from 18 1. The astronaut reached orbit less than 15 minutes after takeoff. 2. The astronaut found the food in space disappointing because there were very few choices. 3. In space, astronauts float because there is no gravity, which makes even simple tasks more difficult and time-consuming. 4. Astronauts sleep on regular beds in the space station, just like on Earth. 5. Exercise is optional for astronauts in space since muscle loss is not a serious issue during short missions. 6. The view of Earth from outside the space station is described as amazing and impressive. ✅ ❌ ✅ ❌ ❌ ✅ Read this passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false. 2 Read the article again and answer the questions below. (1)Why did the astronaut think that the minutes seemed like hours? (2)Does the astronaut seem to be satisfied with the food in space? How do you know? Because the astronaut was both excited and nervous. Yes, the astronaut seems to be satisfied with the food in space because he/she can choose from many types of food. 20 (3)Why do simple tasks seem harder and take longer to do in space? (4)Why does the astronaut need to sleep in a sleeping bag? (5)Why is exercise an important part of the daily routine in space? Because everything floats around. Because it stops the astronaut from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake during sleep. Because it slows down the muscle loss./Because it helps them stay fit 21 ... ... Your ideas 3 Discuss the questions below. (1)What do you think is the most difficult part of an astronaut's job? (2)What do you think is the most interesting part of an astronaut's job? (3)Would you like to be an astronaut? Why or why not? I think the most difficult part is working without gravity. Easy tasks become hard, and spacewalks are stressful with no mistakes allowed. The most interesting part is walking outside the space station and enjoying the beautiful view of the Earth. Yes, I'd like to. Because life in space is special and exciting, and I can see the amazing Earth from space. 应用实践 03 23 Vocabulary practice 1 Find the words and phrases in the article on page 101 and match them with their meanings (1) cannot afford to (line 33) ⑵ mistake (line 34) (3) hit (line 47) ⑷ daily routine (line 51) (5) gym (line 57) a a place with equipment for doing exercise b to knock a part of your body against something c something you do that goes wrong d activities you do every day e cannot let... happen Hi! I just finished my space mission. It's so strange to be back on Earth. In space, there's very little gravity, so we float around all the time. We even need to stick our sleeping bags to the wall to stop us from (1) _________ something in our sleep. My body feels so heavy now. I need to go to the (2)_______to build up my strength again. I'm so glad to be on holiday. Astronauts have a very busy schedule. We have a strict(3) __________so that we can get everything done! We have to do lots of different experiments. We need to do them very carefully because one small (4)_________can cause a lot of problems. We (5)_____________take any risks. However, I really miss being in space. The best part of being an astronaut is going on spacewalks—it's a wonderful experience. When we meet next time, I'll tell you all about the journey! cannot afford to hitting gym daily routine mistake 25 took off used to for a while different types of turns out have to make mistakes at a certain time stick…to daily routine stop…from by mistake slow down stay fit Put the following phases into Chinese 起飞 过去常常 一会儿 不同类型的 结果是；证明是 不得不 犯任何错误 在某个时候 把…粘到 …上 日常作息 停止…做 错误地；无意中 减速 保持健康 26 迁移创新 04 27 3 Describe an astronaut's life on the space station with the words and phrases below. busy stressful an amazing experience move very carefully sleeping bag stop...from floating around exercise equipment stay fit worry about 1.Astronauts are very busy every day on the space station. 2.Space work is sometimes stressful for astronauts. 3.Going out of the station is an amazing experience for astronauts. 4.Astronauts must move very carefully when they work outside. 28 5.Astronauts sleep in a small sleeping bag in space. 6.They stick the bag to the wall to stop themselves from floating around. 7.There is special exercise equipment on the space station. 8.Astronauts exercise every day to stay fit. 9.Astronauts don't need to worry about their food in space. 29 Astronauts live a special life on the space station. They are busy with daily work all the time. Their job can be stressful, so they have to move very carefully and avoid any mistakes. Luckily, walking outside the station is an amazing experience with a fantastic view of the Earth. At night, they sleep in a sleeping bag and fix it on the wall to stop themselves from floating around. There is special exercise equipment on the station, and they exercise regularly to stay fit. Besides, they never need to worry about their food, because plenty of delicious food is provided for them. 30 考点速递 05 31 1.Finally, we took off. 最终，我们起飞了 1. (飞机) 起飞 The rocket will take off on time and fly into space soon. 火箭将会准时起飞，很快飞入太空。 2. 脱下（衣物、帽子等） It is hot inside, so you should take off your thick jacket. 里面很热，你应该脱下厚外套。 3. （事业、产品）飞速发展；走红 With hard work, her dream job finally took off last year. 凭借努力，她理想的事业去年终于步入正轨、迅速发展。 32 take 构成的短语 1.take care of 照顾；照看 We should learn to take care of ourselves when we leave home. 离家在外时，我们要学会照顾好自己。 2.take part in 参加（活动、比赛） Many students will take part in the sports meeting next Friday. 许多学生将会参加下周五的运动会。 3.take place 发生；举行 The big art show will take place in our school hall next month. 这场大型艺术演出将于下月在学校礼堂举行。 4.take away 拿走；打包外卖 Don’t take away these books because we still need them. 不要拿走这些书，我们还需要使用。 33 5.take up 占据 (时间 / 空间)；开始学习 Playing phone games takes up too much of students' free time. 玩手机游戏会占用学生太多的空闲时间。 6.take down 记下；写下 You can take down key words to help you remember the passage. 你可以记下关键词，帮助记忆这篇文章。 7.take out 取出；拿出 She took out a pen and started to write her homework at once. 她拿出一支钢笔，立刻开始写作业。 34 2. It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! 事实证明，在太空用餐也能成为一种乐趣！ turn out 核心用法（中考必考） 1.结果是；证明是（课文原句用法，最高频） 句型：It turns out that + 句子 It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too. 事实证明，在太空用餐也会是一件很愉快的事。 2.关掉（灯、风扇等电器） Please turn out the lights when you leave the classroom. 离开教室时，请把灯关掉。 35 turn 构成的短语 1.turn on 打开（电器、水龙头） 2.turn off 关闭（电器、水龙头） 3.turn up 调大（音量）；出现 4.turn down 调小（音量）；拒绝 5.turn left / turn right 向左转 / 向右转 6.turn around 转身；回头 7.turn into 变成；成为 8.turn to 转向；求助于 9.turn over 翻转；翻动 36 3.We can't afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. 我们绝不能犯错，所以有时会倍感压力。 afford vt. 买得起；负担得起；承担得起（时间、金钱、后果） 常用：否定 / 疑问居多，一般不用于进行时 关键搭配 & 易错点： can/could/be able to afford必须搭配！单独 afford 很少用 Many poor families can't afford a big house in the city. 许多贫困家庭在城市里买不起大房子。 We can't afford to make any mistakes.我们承担不起犯下任何错误。 I want a new bike, but I cannot afford it. 我想要一辆新自行车，但我买不起。 37 mistake n. 错误；失误 v. 弄错；误解 make a mistake / make mistakes 犯错 by mistake 错误地；无意中 If you are careless, you will easily make mistakes in your homework. 如果你粗心，就很容易在作业中犯错。 I took her pen by mistake yesterday morning. 昨天早上我误拿了她的钢笔。 mistake A for B把 A 错当成 B People often mistake the twin sisters for each other. 人们常常把这对双胞胎姐妹认错。 38 stress n. 压力；重音 / v. 强调；使承受压力 stressful adj. 修饰事物：令人有压力的、紧张的 stressed adj. 修饰人：感到有压力的、焦虑的 stress① n. 压力搭配：under stress 在压力之下 Many students live under great stress during the exam season. 很多学生在考试季承受着巨大的压力。 ② v. 强调 Teachers always stress the importance of careful study. 老师总是强调认真学习的重要性。 39 2. stressful（形容事 / 工作 / 生活）含义：令人紧张的、带来压力Astronauts’ work in space is sometimes very stressful. 宇航员的太空工作有时压力很大。 Life in big cities can be stressful for young people. 大城市的生活对年轻人来说可能很有压力。 3. stressed（形容人）含义：（人）感到压力大的、焦虑的 搭配：feel / be stressed 例句： If you worry too much, you will feel stressed every day. 如果你顾虑太多，每天都会感到压力重重。 She is stressed because she has too much homework. 她因为作业太多而倍感焦虑。 40 4.The view of the Earth is great! 地球的景色美极了！ view n. 风景；景色；观点；看法 v. 看待；视为；观看 1. 风景、景色（课文原句义）搭配：the view of … …… 的景色 The view of the Earth from space is very beautiful. 从太空看到的地球景色十分壮美。 2. 观点、看法搭配：in one’s view 在某人看来 one’s view on sth. 某人关于某事的看法 In my view, reading is the best way to relax in our free time. 在我看来，阅读是空闲时间最好的放松方式。 41 Astronauts can view our beautiful Earth in space. 宇航员能在太空中观赏美丽的地球。 Many people view hard work as the key to success. 许多人把努力学习看作成功的关键。 中考常用固定搭配 the view of the city 城市风光 in my view = in my opinion 在我看来 point of view 观点；角度 enjoy the view 欣赏风景 五、易混辨析（简单记） view：多指远处、高处的自然景色（太空、山顶、窗边） scenery：整体自然风光（不可数） sight：名胜、景点 42 5.I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. 我必须把睡袋固定在墙上。 1. 粘贴；固定（课文原句用法）stick A to B 把 A 粘贴 / 固定在 B 上 I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. 我必须把睡袋固定在墙上。People stick photos to the notebook to keep good memories. 人们把照片贴在笔记本上，留住美好回忆。 2. 卡住；陷住；动弹不得 The key stuck in the lock and I could not open the door. 钥匙卡在锁里，我打不开门。 3. 坚持；固守stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事（中考高频！） If you want to improve English, you should stick to reading every day. 如果你想提高英语，就要坚持每天阅读。 43 stick n. 木棍；枝条；手杖 The little boy picked up a stick and played with it. 小男孩捡起一根木棍玩耍。 中考高频短语 stick to sth./doing sth. 坚持；固守（计划、原则、习惯） stick together 团结在一起 get stuck 被困；卡住 44 6.This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake!这能防止我在房间里四处漂浮，避免不小心撞到物品。 by mistake 错误地；无意中。 见mistake的用法。 核心短语用法 （1）stop...from doing sth. 阻止…… 做某事用法 We should stop people from cutting down trees. 我们应该阻止人们砍伐树木。 The heavy rain stopped us from going out. 大雨阻止了我们外出。 45 （2）stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事情（停下当前的动作） Stop eating! It's time for class. 别吃了！上课时间到了。 He stopped watching TV and began to do homework. 他停止看电视，开始写作业。 （3）stop to do sth. 停下（正在做的事）去做另一件事（to do 表目的） They stopped to have a rest. 他们停下来休息。 I stopped to listen to the song. It sounds good. 我停下来去听这首歌，它很好听。 短语 核心区别 例句 stop doing sth. 停当前动作 She stops singing. 她停止唱歌。 stop to do sth. 停当前动作，去做另一件事 She stops to sing. 她停下来去唱歌。 7.Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. 运动可以减缓肌肉流失。 slow down（使）放慢速度；减缓；减速 slow down 减速，慢下来 slow down sth. 减缓某事 You should slow down when you drive.开车时你应该减速。 The rain slowed down.雨变小了。 We can slow down the damage.我们可以减缓损害。 This can slow down the growth of bacteria.这可以减缓细菌的生长。 47 回顾总结 06 48 一、学习float, gravity, orbit等与太空生活相关的核心词汇及 It takes sb. some time to do sth.等句型 二、能运用略读、查读技巧梳理语篇结构，提炼宇航员在太空饮食、 睡眠、 工作、运动的关键信息 三、理解阅读语篇的主旨大意。理解零重力环境对太空生活的影响，能 准确对比太空与地球生活的异同，能用英语表达对太空生活的观点 与看法。 课堂小练 07 50 一、根据首字母写单词 1. We can eat chicken, b______ and fruit for dinner in space. 2.The poor family can’t a______ such an expensive spacesuit. 3.If you are careless, you may make a silly m______ in your homework. 4. Astronauts s______ their sleeping bags to the wall in the space station. 5.Don’t run too fast, or you may h______ the wall by accident. 6.There is a small g______ on the space station for astronauts to exercise. 7.Too much anger will d______ your health and mood. 8.Please follow the i_________ from the teacher and do the task well. 9.We can e______ a special and amazing life in space. 10The work of astronauts is hard and sometimes s______. beef afford mistake stick hit gym destroy instructions experience stressful 51 二、用词的适当形式填空 1. Please read the _________carefully before you use the machine. (instruction) 2. The astronauts _____________(follow)the ground instructions at that time. 3. Many houses ___________ (destroy) by the big fire last year. 4. I was ________ by the _______ news.(shock) 5. I am ______to share the great _______ of travelling in space with you.(please) 6. She feels_______ because her daily work is very _________.(stress) 7. The beautiful space view will______ us, and we are truly ______ at this ______ world.(amaze) 8. Parents always stop us from______（spend） too much time ______(play) games 9. He felt sad about the___ of his bag because he was afraid of getting _____ in the city. (lose) 10. This book ______ many topics, ________daily life and space travel.(include) instructions were following were destroyed shocked shocking pleased pleasure stressed stressful amaze amazed amazing spending playing loss lost includes including 52 三、完成句子 1.沿着这条日常路线走，你就很少会犯错。 Walk along this _______ _______ , and you will hardly _______ _______ 2.锻炼能阻止我们生病，还能帮助我们保持健康。 Exercise can ______ ______ ______ getting sick and help us ______ ______. 3.飞机即将起飞，他却错拿了登机牌。 The plane will _____ _____ soon, and he took his boarding card _____ _____. 4. 我过去常常拥有一段奇妙的经历。 I ______ ____ have ____ ______ ________. 5.别担心这件事，一切将会结果很好。 Don’t ______ _____ this matter, and everything will ______ _____ fine. take off by mistake daily route make mistakes stop us from stay fit used to an amazing experience worry about turn out 53 Thank you！ 54 $