寒假作业11 任务型阅读——阅读回答问题特训（巩固培优）九年级英语译林版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业11 任务型阅读——阅读回答问题特训 中考英语任务型阅读--阅读回答问题主要考查以下三个维度的能力： 1.语篇结构理解能力：考查对文章整体框架、行文逻辑和段落组织的把握。例如，能否识别文章的开头、发展、结尾，以及段落间的并列、转折、因果、递进等关系。 2.细节信息定位能力：考查根据题干关键词（如人名、地名、时间、事件等）快速定位文中对应信息的能力，要求准确捕捉细节内容（如事实、数据、原因等）。 3.信息转换与表达能力：考查对文中信息的理解、归纳和转述能力。要求能用简洁、准确的英语回答问题（如用自己的话概括要点、转换句式结构等），避免直接照抄原文。 解题步骤 第一步：速读全文，把握大意（Skimming for Main Idea） 快速浏览文章，跳过问题，重点关注文章的首段、尾段及各段首句，明确文章体裁（如记叙文、说明文、议论文）、话题背景、中心主旨和整体结构（如“总-分-总”“提出问题-分析问题-解决问题”等）。这一步无需看问题，目的是建立对文章的整体认知。 第二步：审题干，标记线索（Analyzing Questions & Marking Clues） 逐题阅读题干，圈画关键词（如特殊疑问词what/why/how、名词、代词、数字、逻辑连接词等），明确每个问题的考查方向（如细节事实、原因目的、主旨概括、词义猜测等）。根据第一步对文章大意的理解，初步预测答案在文中的大致位置。 第三步：定位原文，精准提取（Close Reading & Extracting） 带着题干关键词回到文章对应位置，精读相关句子（注意上下文逻辑关系和语义衔接），提取与问题相关的信息。先易后难，优先解决关键词明确（如数字、专有名词）或有明显线索（如代词指代、逻辑连接词）的问题，暂时跳过难题。提取信息后，注意用简洁英语进行转述（如转换词性、句式，避免照抄原文）。 第四步：复读全文，验证逻辑（Reviewing & Verifying） 将答案代入问题，通读全文，检查回答是否与原文信息一致、逻辑是否通顺、表达是否简洁准确（如语法正确、拼写无误）。特别注意首句是否统领段落、尾句是否总结段意，确保答案与文章整体结构和主旨匹配 解题方法 方法1：关键词定位法（针对细节理解题） 圈画题干关键词：提取题干中的核心信息，如名词（事物、人物、地点）、数字（时间、数据）、形容词（特征描述） 或动词（行为动作） 等。 例如， 题目问 “What time did the train arrive in Beijing?”，关键词为 “train”“arrive”“Beijing”“time”。 定位原文信息：快速浏览文章，根据关键词在文中找到对应语句（注意同义替换，如 “arrive in” 可替换为 “reach”“get to”）。 原文可能表述为 “The train reached Beijing at 3 p.m. yesterday.” 提取并转述答案：结合问题要求，从定位句中提取信息，用简洁语言转述（避免照抄）。如答案可写为 “At 3 p.m. yesterday.” 方法2：语境推理法（针对推理判断题） 分析题干隐含信息：明确题目要求推断的内容（如人物态度、事件原因、发展趋势等），关注题干中的隐含逻辑（如 “It can be inferred that...”“We can learn that...”）。 结合上下文推理：根据定位句的前后文语境、作者语气（肯定、否定、建议等）及文章主旨进行合理推断，排除无中生有或过度推断的选项。 验证推理合理性：将推断结果代入原文，检查是否与整体逻辑一致。 方法3：结构分析法（针对主旨概括题） 抓文章框架：关注首段（引出主旨）、尾段（总结升华） 及各段首句（段落主旨），判断文章结构（如 “总 - 分 - 总”“问题 - 解决方案”“现象 - 分析” 等）。 提炼核心信息：从首尾段和段落主旨句中提取核心名词（话题）、关键动词（行为/影响） 及态度词（作者观点），整合成简洁的主旨句。 排除干扰选项：排除以偏概全（只概括某段细节）、无中生有（原文未提及）或与主旨无关的选项。 方法4：语法分析法（针对句子补全题，若题型涉及） 分析句子结构：判断空格处需补充的句子成分（如主语、谓语、宾语、状语等），关注语法一致性（如主谓一致、时态、语态、词性搭配）。 结合上下文逻辑：根据前后句的逻辑关系（并列、转折、因果、条件等），选择或构造符合语法和语义的句子。例如，前句为 “He was tired,”，后句需补充结果，可填 “so he went to bed early.” 检查语义通顺性：将补全的句子代入原文，确保语义连贯、无语法错误。 方法5：词形转换法（针对信息转换题） 识别原文词性：定位到原文相关词汇后，分析其词性（如名词、动词、形容词等）及语义。 根据问题要求转换：结合题干的语法结构（如空格处需填形容词作表语、动词作谓语等），对原文词汇进行词性转换（如 “success” 转换为 “successful”“succeed”）或句式转换（如主动语态转被动语态）。 确保转换准确：检查转换后的词汇/句式是否符合语法规则，且与原文语义一致。 常见干扰项特征 1. 偷换概念：选项内容与文章话题相关，但关键信息被替换（如将“原因”换成“结果”、将“部分”换成“全部”、将“过去”换成“未来”等），导致语义与原文逻辑不符。 2. 以偏概全：选项仅提取文中某个细节或例子作为整体结论，忽略段落/文章的核心主旨，将局部信息夸大为全局观点。 3. 无中生有：选项中出现文中完全没有提及的新概念、新观点或新细节（如新增人物行为、未出现的原因、不存在的结论等），属于凭空捏造的信息。 4. 逻辑矛盾：选项与前后文的逻辑关系（时间顺序、因果关系、转折关系、并列关系等） 存在冲突，违背原文的语义连贯性。 5. 过度推断：选项对文中信息进行过度主观臆断或过度推理，超出了原文明确表述或隐含的合理范围，将“可能性”推断为“必然性”，或将“部分情况”推断为“全部情况”。 6. 答非所问：选项内容虽与文章话题相关，但未回应题干的核心问题（如题干问“原因”，选项答“结果”；题干问“做法”，选项答“目的”），属于偏离问题方向的干扰。 （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过6个词） A designer is a person who has ideas. But that’s not all. A designer plans how to make those ideas happen. A set of steps should be followed. Step One is defining (界定) a problem or need. A theater puts on a show. Actors wearing costumes act on a lighted stage. Set designers design the stage sets. Lighting designers decide what lights to use. Costume designers choose clothes for the actors to wear. Together they form the design team. They share the same need, which is making the show happen. Step Two is defining a successful result. The desired result is different for different kinds of designers. A fashion designer designs clothing styles. Because stores need people to keep buying, fashion designers need to design clothes that people will buy. The clothes should be different from older clothes. Step Three is to describe the situation as it is now. A landscape designer plans outdoor areas. The designer looks carefully at the piece of land. Is it flat or hilly? What kind of soil does it have? What plants grow well in that soil? How do people want to use this land? The designer uses all this information in planning. Step Four is to understand the user. The designer needs to know who will use the product. Software designers write computer programs. They think about the user sitting in front of the screen. Step Five is to make a detailed plan. Architects design buildings. They plan the size and shape of each room, and decide what materials to use. All the details are on a drawing called a blueprint. The builders will follow this blueprint. The building will be exactly like the plan. Last but not least, designers should work with other people to turn the design into the real thing. Fashion designers need people to sew the clothes. Landscape designers need workers to plant the plants. Designers are artists, scientists, and inventors. They work in the present, but they are planners for the future. 1．How many steps should the designer take to make his/her ideas happen? 2．How does the design team make the show happen on the stage in Paragraph 2? 3．Who should the designers try to understand? 4．What drawing is a new house built based on? 5．What’s a proper title for this passage? （24-25九年级上·江苏连云港·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每个题目的答案不超过5个单词。 Chinese people like the red colour a lot. Even now, Chinese people like to call ourselves Chizi, meaning the red descendant (子孙). Red represents the motherland and authority (权威). Official uniforms of the Tang Dynasty were red. In the Qing Dynasty, red was used on official caps to show different rankings (等级). As we know, the Five-starred Red Flag was first raised on October 1st. 1949. Even nowadays, headlines of official documents (文件) are painted in red. This is why they are called red-head documents. For ordinary people, red stands for happiness. For example, the word “double happiness” used for weddings is red. The bride (新娘) wears red clothes which are different from the white gowns of the west. During the Chinese Spring Festival, people will give red packets to the children to express good wishes. Couplets (对联) hanging on both sides of the doors are written in red. The word red equals beauty. The expression “hongyan” meaning red colour is a synonym (代名词) of a beautiful girl. Red is also one of the most popular words used in the names of Chinese women. But in traffic lights red means stop driving. This is how the westerners like to use the red colour. It is because red is very bright, and is good for warning purposes. But it doesn’t really have any negative (负面的) meanings. 6．What does Chizi mean? 7．When was the Five-starred Red Flag first raised? 8．What are official documents called when the headlines are painted in red? 9．Why will people give red packets to the children? 10．What do you think of the red colour? （24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每小题答案不超过10个单词。 Sherlock Holmes was an INTP. Ernest Hemingway was an ESTP. Michael Jackson was an ISFP … What do these four-lettered words mean? Well, if you have heard of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), you might know them. With 93 questions, the test groups all of the different people in the world into 16 personality tests in the world, but the MBTI is perhaps the most popular one. More than 1.5 million people take it every year. However, the MBTI is not an accurate (精准的) way to discover something as changeable as a person’s personality. Neither of its creators, Katharine Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs-Myers, was a trained psychologist (心理学家). What’s more, the two were unable to scientifically prove their findings. Then how has this test managed to become so popular? To answer this question, we need to find out what drove Briggs and Briggs-Myers to create it. Briggs was a mother. After reading Carl Jung’s Psychological Types, she decided to create a tool to help parents understand their children’s interests. Briggs-Myers continued to work on the MBTI in the 1940s. Traditional personality tests would divide people into two simple groups: those who were good and those who were bad. The woman wanted everyone to be able to understand her test, while people may be different from one another, they are all created equal. This perhaps holds the key to the MBTI’s success: The test never paints a personality in any negative light(负面的眼光). The MBTI may not be the best way for assessing one’s personality, but this doesn’t mean it’s totally useless. Many people are hungry for self- knowledge. The MBTI just offers that knowledge in a painless way. 11．Why does the writer mention the three famous people at the beginning of the passage? 12．According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, how many personality types are there in the world? 13．What was the relationship between the two creators of the MBTI? 14．What made Katharine Briggs decide to create the MBTI? 15．Do you want to take or learn more about the MBTI? Why or why not? （22-23九年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Dear Amy, First of all, thank you for writing to me. I am sorry after hearing about your problems. Maybe I can give you some advice. Your first problem is about your weight. Besides having a healthy eating habit, I suggest that you should try to do some exercise, like playing basketball and swimming. You will feel better and more relaxed after doing some sports. Your second problem is about your English schoolwork. I think you are afraid of learning English so you get low marks in English tests. I suggest that you should give yourself more chances to listen to and learn English, such as watching TV programs in English. If you keep on working hard, your English will be finally improved. Your last problem is about your relationship with your parents. That is a common problem for teenagers. I suggest that you should enjoy your holiday with your parents. What about having lunch with them on Sunday? This kind of activities can fix your relationship with your parents. I also suggest that you should share your feelings and worries with your parents, and maybe they can give you some good ideas. I would be glad if my advice works. Write to me again if you have further problems. Yours truly, John Chan 根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。 16．Who did John get a letter from? 17．How many problems are mentioned (提及) in the article? 18．What will make Amy feel better and more relaxed? 19．Will Amy’s English be finally improved if she keeps on working hard? 20．Who should Amy enjoy her holiday with? （19-20九年级上·江苏扬州·单元测试）阅读短文，回答问题。 A young man once went into a town and bought himself a pair of trousers. When he got home, he went upstairs to his bedroom and put them on. He found that they were about two inches too long. He came downstairs, where his mother and his two sisters were washing up tea things in the kitchen. “These new trousers are too long.” He said. “They need shortening (缩短)by about two inches. Would one of you mind doing this for me, please? ” His mother and sisters were busy and none of them said anything. But as soon as his mother had finished washing up, she went quietly upstairs to her son’s bedroom and shortened the trousers by two inches. She came downstairs without saying anything to her daughters. Later on, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers. She was a kind-hearted girl, so she went quietly upstairs without saying anything to anyone, and shortened the trousers by two inches. The younger sister went to the cinema, but when she came back, she, too, remembered what her brother had said. So she ran upstairs and took two inches off the legs of the new trousers. 21．Why did the young man ask his family members shorten his new trousers? ( within 10 words) 22．Who shortened his new trousers at first? ( within 4 words) 23．When did his younger sister shortened the trousers? ( within 8 words) 24．How many inches were his new trousers shortened by at last? ( within 3 words) 25．Give the best title (标题) for this article. ( within 8 words) （21-22九年级上·江苏盐城·期中）In July 2021, China introduced the “double reduction” policy. It hopes to reduce students’ learning burden (负担) by reducing homework and after-school classes. A few months has passed since the new semester began. How do students feel about this new policy? “Our homework is clearly less than before,” said 13-year-old Shen Yuzhe from Beijing. “We are not encouraged to buy workbooks any more. The exercises are mainly from the textbook.” According to Shen, teachers now teach at a much slower pace (节奏). Students have enough time to process new knowledge. “Our teachers are also giving us more chances to do experiments and learn from life,” said Shen. “For example, we went to research earthworms in a field during a biology class. This is a much better way to learn things than just hitting the books.” For 13-year-old Zhang Hangming from Tianjin, the best thing about “double reduction” is the increased time in after-school activities. “We can now spend more time taking part in clubs and activities, such as dancing, volleyball and drama. I have joined a group called ‘leadership development’ where I can learn all kinds of skills beyond academic (学业的) study,” said Zhang. Both Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams now. But they think it’s not necessarily a good thing, “Exams push me to study harder. Besides my progress, more importantly, each exam shows my weak points as well,” Zhang said. Shen also pointed out that when burden is lightened, self-discipline (自律) becomes the key. “Some students now spend more time having fun when homework is finished early. But if you use all the free time to relax, you might fall behind the students of your age.” he said. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 26．What did the 2021 “double reduction” policy aim to do? 27．According to Shen Yuzhe, which is a better way to learn things? 28．What’s the best thing about “double reduction” for Zhang? 29．What can Zhang learn about each exam? 30．What seems to be more important when students have lighter burden? （2024·江苏扬州·二模）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。(每题答案不超过10个词) Jo was the first to wake up on Christmas morning. When her sisters were awake too, they all went down to the kitchen. Their mother wasn’t there but Hannah, their servant, was. “Your mother went out early.” she said. “A poor boy came to the door asking for food. She sympathized him and she wanted to help him. She went to see his family.” While they were waiting for their mother to come back, the girls put their presents for her in the basket. Soon they heard the sound of a key in the front door. “Mother’s here!” cried Jo. “Hide the basket behind the sofa! Quick!” Then they all rushed into the hall to greet their mother. “Merry Christmas, Mother!” they cried. “Merry Christmas, little daughters!” Mrs March said in her happy voice. She hugged them all and kissed them. Then she suddenly became very serious. “Come and sit down, girls. I want to say something before we start breakfast.” They all sat down at the breakfast table and Mrs March continued. “I went to see a poor woman this morning. Her name is Mrs Hunel. She lives near here in one room with her seven children. One of them is only a baby. They are cold and hungry because they don’t have a fire or any food. The oldest boy came to ask me for help. Girls, can we give them our breakfast as a Christmas present?” The sisters looked at the good food on the table. They were all hungry. For a minute nobody spoke. Then Jo said, “I’m so glad you came back before we started eating, Mother!” Meg put the bread on a big plate without saying anything “Can I help carry the things to the poor children?” asked Beth. “I want to take the muffins,” said Amy. They were her favourite things. Mrs March smiled. “Let’s all go together,” she said. The girls and Hannah put on their hats and they went out into the snowy street. ——Taken from Little Women 31．How many people were there at home before Mrs March came back? 32．What does the underlined word “sympathized” in Paragraph 2 mean? 33．Where did the girls hide their presents for their mother? 34．Why did the mother go out on Christmas morning? 35．What are the girls like in your eyes? Why do you think so? （2023·山东淄博·二模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 My name is Robinson Crusoe. I decided to return to England. But I found myself uncomfortable when setting foot again on a ship. I approached (接洽) three different ships, but I pulled back from each before sailing. I had no idea why I didn’t like traveling by ship. Then two of the ships that I had considered boarding experienced something terrible — one fell to pirates (海盗) and the other was wrecked (使……失事) with only three survivors (幸存者). So I planned to make a journey by land. Friday and I picked up one young Englishman, two English businessmen, and two young Portuguese gentlemen by the time of our leaving. And five servants were added to our group. So we had quite a big group for the road. We traveled comfortably until ten days out from Old Castile. The weather turned from hot to bitter cold. Friday was afraid when he saw the snow-covered mountains, because he had never known the snow or the cold. After years in the tropics (热带地区), I also found it difficult to stand the cold weather. We arrived in Pampeluna in a snowstorm. It was so dangerous that we probably would be covered alive by the thick snow here. We stayed for twenty days in Pampeluna until four French gentlemen arrived safely with a guide. We invited the guide to lead us and he agreed. “You need to be well prepared,” he warned, “In winter, you may see wolves driven by hunger.” “We have no fear of those,” I said, “though I have heard of two-legged wolves that sometimes attack travelers on the French side of the mountains.” 36．How did Robinson Crusoe feel when he was on a ship? 37．How many servants were there in Crusoe’s group? 38．What made Friday feel afraid? 39．How long did the group stay in Pampeluna? 40．What did the guide agree to do? 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业11 任务型阅读——阅读回答问题特训 中考英语任务型阅读--阅读回答问题主要考查以下三个维度的能力： 1.语篇结构理解能力：考查对文章整体框架、行文逻辑和段落组织的把握。例如，能否识别文章的开头、发展、结尾，以及段落间的并列、转折、因果、递进等关系。 2.细节信息定位能力：考查根据题干关键词（如人名、地名、时间、事件等）快速定位文中对应信息的能力，要求准确捕捉细节内容（如事实、数据、原因等）。 3.信息转换与表达能力：考查对文中信息的理解、归纳和转述能力。要求能用简洁、准确的英语回答问题（如用自己的话概括要点、转换句式结构等），避免直接照抄原文。 解题步骤 第一步：速读全文，把握大意（Skimming for Main Idea） 快速浏览文章，跳过问题，重点关注文章的首段、尾段及各段首句，明确文章体裁（如记叙文、说明文、议论文）、话题背景、中心主旨和整体结构（如“总-分-总”“提出问题-分析问题-解决问题”等）。这一步无需看问题，目的是建立对文章的整体认知。 第二步：审题干，标记线索（Analyzing Questions & Marking Clues） 逐题阅读题干，圈画关键词（如特殊疑问词what/why/how、名词、代词、数字、逻辑连接词等），明确每个问题的考查方向（如细节事实、原因目的、主旨概括、词义猜测等）。根据第一步对文章大意的理解，初步预测答案在文中的大致位置。 第三步：定位原文，精准提取（Close Reading & Extracting） 带着题干关键词回到文章对应位置，精读相关句子（注意上下文逻辑关系和语义衔接），提取与问题相关的信息。先易后难，优先解决关键词明确（如数字、专有名词）或有明显线索（如代词指代、逻辑连接词）的问题，暂时跳过难题。提取信息后，注意用简洁英语进行转述（如转换词性、句式，避免照抄原文）。 第四步：复读全文，验证逻辑（Reviewing & Verifying） 将答案代入问题，通读全文，检查回答是否与原文信息一致、逻辑是否通顺、表达是否简洁准确（如语法正确、拼写无误）。特别注意首句是否统领段落、尾句是否总结段意，确保答案与文章整体结构和主旨匹配 解题方法 方法1：关键词定位法（针对细节理解题） 圈画题干关键词：提取题干中的核心信息，如名词（事物、人物、地点）、数字（时间、数据）、形容词（特征描述） 或动词（行为动作） 等。 例如， 题目问 “What time did the train arrive in Beijing?”，关键词为 “train”“arrive”“Beijing”“time”。 定位原文信息：快速浏览文章，根据关键词在文中找到对应语句（注意同义替换，如 “arrive in” 可替换为 “reach”“get to”）。 原文可能表述为 “The train reached Beijing at 3 p.m. yesterday.” 提取并转述答案：结合问题要求，从定位句中提取信息，用简洁语言转述（避免照抄）。如答案可写为 “At 3 p.m. yesterday.” 方法2：语境推理法（针对推理判断题） 分析题干隐含信息：明确题目要求推断的内容（如人物态度、事件原因、发展趋势等），关注题干中的隐含逻辑（如 “It can be inferred that...”“We can learn that...”）。 结合上下文推理：根据定位句的前后文语境、作者语气（肯定、否定、建议等）及文章主旨进行合理推断，排除无中生有或过度推断的选项。 验证推理合理性：将推断结果代入原文，检查是否与整体逻辑一致。 方法3：结构分析法（针对主旨概括题） 抓文章框架：关注首段（引出主旨）、尾段（总结升华） 及各段首句（段落主旨），判断文章结构（如 “总 - 分 - 总”“问题 - 解决方案”“现象 - 分析” 等）。 提炼核心信息：从首尾段和段落主旨句中提取核心名词（话题）、关键动词（行为/影响） 及态度词（作者观点），整合成简洁的主旨句。 排除干扰选项：排除以偏概全（只概括某段细节）、无中生有（原文未提及）或与主旨无关的选项。 方法4：语法分析法（针对句子补全题，若题型涉及） 分析句子结构：判断空格处需补充的句子成分（如主语、谓语、宾语、状语等），关注语法一致性（如主谓一致、时态、语态、词性搭配）。 结合上下文逻辑：根据前后句的逻辑关系（并列、转折、因果、条件等），选择或构造符合语法和语义的句子。例如，前句为 “He was tired,”，后句需补充结果，可填 “so he went to bed early.” 检查语义通顺性：将补全的句子代入原文，确保语义连贯、无语法错误。 方法5：词形转换法（针对信息转换题） 识别原文词性：定位到原文相关词汇后，分析其词性（如名词、动词、形容词等）及语义。 根据问题要求转换：结合题干的语法结构（如空格处需填形容词作表语、动词作谓语等），对原文词汇进行词性转换（如 “success” 转换为 “successful”“succeed”）或句式转换（如主动语态转被动语态）。 确保转换准确：检查转换后的词汇/句式是否符合语法规则，且与原文语义一致。 常见干扰项特征 1. 偷换概念：选项内容与文章话题相关，但关键信息被替换（如将“原因”换成“结果”、将“部分”换成“全部”、将“过去”换成“未来”等），导致语义与原文逻辑不符。 2. 以偏概全：选项仅提取文中某个细节或例子作为整体结论，忽略段落/文章的核心主旨，将局部信息夸大为全局观点。 3. 无中生有：选项中出现文中完全没有提及的新概念、新观点或新细节（如新增人物行为、未出现的原因、不存在的结论等），属于凭空捏造的信息。 4. 逻辑矛盾：选项与前后文的逻辑关系（时间顺序、因果关系、转折关系、并列关系等） 存在冲突，违背原文的语义连贯性。 5. 过度推断：选项对文中信息进行过度主观臆断或过度推理，超出了原文明确表述或隐含的合理范围，将“可能性”推断为“必然性”，或将“部分情况”推断为“全部情况”。 6. 答非所问：选项内容虽与文章话题相关，但未回应题干的核心问题（如题干问“原因”，选项答“结果”；题干问“做法”，选项答“目的”），属于偏离问题方向的干扰。 （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过6个词） A designer is a person who has ideas. But that’s not all. A designer plans how to make those ideas happen. A set of steps should be followed. Step One is defining (界定) a problem or need. A theater puts on a show. Actors wearing costumes act on a lighted stage. Set designers design the stage sets. Lighting designers decide what lights to use. Costume designers choose clothes for the actors to wear. Together they form the design team. They share the same need, which is making the show happen. Step Two is defining a successful result. The desired result is different for different kinds of designers. A fashion designer designs clothing styles. Because stores need people to keep buying, fashion designers need to design clothes that people will buy. The clothes should be different from older clothes. Step Three is to describe the situation as it is now. A landscape designer plans outdoor areas. The designer looks carefully at the piece of land. Is it flat or hilly? What kind of soil does it have? What plants grow well in that soil? How do people want to use this land? The designer uses all this information in planning. Step Four is to understand the user. The designer needs to know who will use the product. Software designers write computer programs. They think about the user sitting in front of the screen. Step Five is to make a detailed plan. Architects design buildings. They plan the size and shape of each room, and decide what materials to use. All the details are on a drawing called a blueprint. The builders will follow this blueprint. The building will be exactly like the plan. Last but not least, designers should work with other people to turn the design into the real thing. Fashion designers need people to sew the clothes. Landscape designers need workers to plant the plants. Designers are artists, scientists, and inventors. They work in the present, but they are planners for the future. 1．How many steps should the designer take to make his/her ideas happen? 2．How does the design team make the show happen on the stage in Paragraph 2? 3．Who should the designers try to understand? 4．What drawing is a new house built based on? 5．What’s a proper title for this passage? 【答案】1．Six./6. 2．By sharing the same need./They share the same need. 3．The user(s). 4．The blueprint. 5．How to Be a Designer/Designers /The Steps/Ways to Be a Designer/Designers/How Designers Design  (围绕主题，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文介绍了设计师的角色及其将创意变为现实所需遵循的一系列步骤。 1．根据“Step Five”和“Last but not least”可知，设计师要把他的想法实现有六步。故填Six./6. 2．根据“They share the same need, which is making the show happen.”可知，通过分享共同的需求，使得表演可以呈现。故填By sharing the same need./They share the same need. 3．根据“Step Four is to understand the user. The designer needs to know who will use the product.”可知，设计师要理解用户。故填The user(s). 4．根据“Architects design buildings. They plan the size and shape of each room, and decide what materials to use. All the details are on a drawing called a blueprint.”可知，建筑师设计建筑，他们规划每个房间的大小和形状，并决定使用什么材料，所有的细节都在蓝图上。即新房的建造是依据蓝图。故填The blueprint. 5．通读全文可知，本文介绍了设计师的角色及其将创意变为现实所需遵循的一系列步骤；因此可拟标题为“如何成为一名设计师”/“成为设计师的步骤”/“设计师是如何设计的”。故填How to Be a Designer/Designers /The Steps/Ways to Be a Designer/Designers/How Designers Design。 （24-25九年级上·江苏连云港·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每个题目的答案不超过5个单词。 Chinese people like the red colour a lot. Even now, Chinese people like to call ourselves Chizi, meaning the red descendant (子孙). Red represents the motherland and authority (权威). Official uniforms of the Tang Dynasty were red. In the Qing Dynasty, red was used on official caps to show different rankings (等级). As we know, the Five-starred Red Flag was first raised on October 1st. 1949. Even nowadays, headlines of official documents (文件) are painted in red. This is why they are called red-head documents. For ordinary people, red stands for happiness. For example, the word “double happiness” used for weddings is red. The bride (新娘) wears red clothes which are different from the white gowns of the west. During the Chinese Spring Festival, people will give red packets to the children to express good wishes. Couplets (对联) hanging on both sides of the doors are written in red. The word red equals beauty. The expression “hongyan” meaning red colour is a synonym (代名词) of a beautiful girl. Red is also one of the most popular words used in the names of Chinese women. But in traffic lights red means stop driving. This is how the westerners like to use the red colour. It is because red is very bright, and is good for warning purposes. But it doesn’t really have any negative (负面的) meanings. 6．What does Chizi mean? 7．When was the Five-starred Red Flag first raised? 8．What are official documents called when the headlines are painted in red? 9．Why will people give red packets to the children? 10．What do you think of the red colour? 【答案】6．The red descendant. 7．On October 1st, 1949. 8．Red-head documents. 9．To express good wishes. 10．It represents happiness. 【导语】本文介绍了红色在中国文化中的重要性和象征意义，并详细描述了其在官方文件、婚礼习俗和节日庆祝中的应用。 6．根据“Chizi, meaning the red descendant (子孙)”可知，中国人喜欢称自己为“赤子”，意思是红色的后代。故填The red descendant. 7．根据“The Five-starred Red Flag was first raised on October 1st, 1949”可知，五星红旗第一次升起是在1949年10月1日。故填On October 1st, 1949. 8．根据“headlines of official documents (文件) are painted in red. This is why they are called red-head documents”可知，标题涂成红色的官方文件被称为红头文件。故填Red-head documents. 9．根据“During the Chinese Spring Festival, people will give red packets to the children to express good wishes”可知，人们给孩子们红包是为了表达良好的祝愿。故填To express good wishes. 10．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为It represents happiness. （24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每小题答案不超过10个单词。 Sherlock Holmes was an INTP. Ernest Hemingway was an ESTP. Michael Jackson was an ISFP … What do these four-lettered words mean? Well, if you have heard of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), you might know them. With 93 questions, the test groups all of the different people in the world into 16 personality tests in the world, but the MBTI is perhaps the most popular one. More than 1.5 million people take it every year. However, the MBTI is not an accurate (精准的) way to discover something as changeable as a person’s personality. Neither of its creators, Katharine Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs-Myers, was a trained psychologist (心理学家). What’s more, the two were unable to scientifically prove their findings. Then how has this test managed to become so popular? To answer this question, we need to find out what drove Briggs and Briggs-Myers to create it. Briggs was a mother. After reading Carl Jung’s Psychological Types, she decided to create a tool to help parents understand their children’s interests. Briggs-Myers continued to work on the MBTI in the 1940s. Traditional personality tests would divide people into two simple groups: those who were good and those who were bad. The woman wanted everyone to be able to understand her test, while people may be different from one another, they are all created equal. This perhaps holds the key to the MBTI’s success: The test never paints a personality in any negative light(负面的眼光). The MBTI may not be the best way for assessing one’s personality, but this doesn’t mean it’s totally useless. Many people are hungry for self- knowledge. The MBTI just offers that knowledge in a painless way. 11．Why does the writer mention the three famous people at the beginning of the passage? 12．According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, how many personality types are there in the world? 13．What was the relationship between the two creators of the MBTI? 14．What made Katharine Briggs decide to create the MBTI? 15．Do you want to take or learn more about the MBTI? Why or why not? 【答案】11．To introduce (a personality test—) the MBTI. 12．Sixteen. /16. 13．(They were) mother and daughter. 14．To help parents understand their children’s interest. 15．Yes, I do. I think it’s fun./ No, I don’t. I think it’s meaningless.（答案言之有理即可） 【导语】本文主要介绍了性格测试MBTI的创建由来及受欢迎的原因。 11．根据“What do these four-lettered words mean? Well, if you have heard of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), you might know them.”可知，作者在文章开头提到这三位名人是为了介绍性格测试——MBTI。故填To introduce (a personality test—) the MBTI. 12．根据“With 93 questions, the test groups all of the different people in the world into 16 personality tests in the world”可知，根据Myers-Briggs类型指标，世界上有16种人格类型。故填Sixteen. /16. 13．根据“Neither of its creators, Katharine Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs-Myers, was a trained psychologist (心理学家).”可知，MBTI的两位创建者之间是母女关系。故填(They were) mother and daughter. 14．根据“she decided to create a tool to help parents understand their children’s interests.”可知，Katharine Briggs决定创建MBTI是为了帮助父母了解孩子的兴趣。故填To help parents understand their children’s interest. 15．开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I do. I think it’s fun./ No, I don’t. I think it’s meaningless. （22-23九年级上·江苏淮安·期中）Dear Amy, First of all, thank you for writing to me. I am sorry after hearing about your problems. Maybe I can give you some advice. Your first problem is about your weight. Besides having a healthy eating habit, I suggest that you should try to do some exercise, like playing basketball and swimming. You will feel better and more relaxed after doing some sports. Your second problem is about your English schoolwork. I think you are afraid of learning English so you get low marks in English tests. I suggest that you should give yourself more chances to listen to and learn English, such as watching TV programs in English. If you keep on working hard, your English will be finally improved. Your last problem is about your relationship with your parents. That is a common problem for teenagers. I suggest that you should enjoy your holiday with your parents. What about having lunch with them on Sunday? This kind of activities can fix your relationship with your parents. I also suggest that you should share your feelings and worries with your parents, and maybe they can give you some good ideas. I would be glad if my advice works. Write to me again if you have further problems. Yours truly, John Chan 根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。 16．Who did John get a letter from? 17．How many problems are mentioned (提及) in the article? 18．What will make Amy feel better and more relaxed? 19．Will Amy’s English be finally improved if she keeps on working hard? 20．Who should Amy enjoy her holiday with? 【答案】16．Amy./From Amy. 17．Three./3. 18．Doing some sports. 19．Yes./Yes, it will. 20．Her parents. 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，信中John Chan就Amy所提的几个问题给出了自己的意见和建议。 16．根据“Dear Amy”和“First of all, thank you for writing to me.”可知，John收到Amy的来信后才写的这封回信。故填Amy./From Amy. 17．从文中第二段、第三段和第四段可知，信中共提到了Amy所询问的三个问题。故填Three/3. 18．根据第二段“You will feel better and more relaxed after doing some sports.”可知，运动会让Amy感觉更好，更放松。故填Doing some sports. 19．根据第三段“If you keep on working hard, your English will be finally improved.”可知，如果Amy继续努力，她的英语最终会提高的。故填Yes./Yes, it will. 20．根据第四段“I suggest that you should enjoy your holiday with your parents.”可知，Amy应该与她父母一起享受假期。故填Her parents. （19-20九年级上·江苏扬州·单元测试）阅读短文，回答问题。 A young man once went into a town and bought himself a pair of trousers. When he got home, he went upstairs to his bedroom and put them on. He found that they were about two inches too long. He came downstairs, where his mother and his two sisters were washing up tea things in the kitchen. “These new trousers are too long.” He said. “They need shortening (缩短)by about two inches. Would one of you mind doing this for me, please? ” His mother and sisters were busy and none of them said anything. But as soon as his mother had finished washing up, she went quietly upstairs to her son’s bedroom and shortened the trousers by two inches. She came downstairs without saying anything to her daughters. Later on, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers. She was a kind-hearted girl, so she went quietly upstairs without saying anything to anyone, and shortened the trousers by two inches. The younger sister went to the cinema, but when she came back, she, too, remembered what her brother had said. So she ran upstairs and took two inches off the legs of the new trousers. 21．Why did the young man ask his family members shorten his new trousers? ( within 10 words) 22．Who shortened his new trousers at first? ( within 4 words) 23．When did his younger sister shortened the trousers? ( within 8 words) 24．How many inches were his new trousers shortened by at last? ( within 3 words) 25．Give the best title (标题) for this article. ( within 8 words) 【答案】21．Because they were about two inches too long. 22．His mother. 23．After his mother and his sister shortened the trousers. 24．Six inches. 25．Shorten the new trousers two inches. 【分析】本文讲述了一个有趣的故事，年轻人买了条裤子，但回家试穿后发现太长，妈妈姐姐和妹妹在互相不知道的情况下各剪了2英寸，结果可想而知。 21．根据He found that they were about two inches too long.可知因为这个年轻人因为他的新裤子长了两英寸，因此他让家人剪一下，故为Because they were about two inches too long. 22．根据But as soon as his mother had finished washing up, she went quietly upstairs to her son’s bedroom and shortened the trousers by two inches. 和Later on, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers.和and shortened the trousers by two inches.可知先是他的母亲剪短他的裤子两英寸，然后是他的姐姐给他的裤子剪短了两英寸，故为His mother. 23．根据文中内容可知他的妹妹是在他的母亲和姐姐各自剪短他的裤子两英寸后，她又剪短了他的裤子两英寸，故为After his mother and his sister shortened the trousers。 24．根据文中内容可知这个年轻人的母亲剪短了他的裤子两英寸，他的姐姐和妹妹各自剪短了两英寸，因此他的裤子一共被剪短了六英寸，故为Six inches. 25．本文讲述了一个年轻人新买的裤子长两英寸，他的母亲和两个姐姐分别给他的新裤子剪短了两英寸，结果他的裤子被剪短了六英寸。故标题为Shorten the new trousers two inches。 【点睛】认真阅读问题，根据问题在文中找出答案所在的语句或段落，进行概括归纳，整理合适的语句来回答问题。例如小题1，根据He found that they were about two inches too long.可知因为这个年轻人因为他的新裤子长了两英寸，因此他让家人剪短他们，故为Because they were about two inches too long. （21-22九年级上·江苏盐城·期中）In July 2021, China introduced the “double reduction” policy. It hopes to reduce students’ learning burden (负担) by reducing homework and after-school classes. A few months has passed since the new semester began. How do students feel about this new policy? “Our homework is clearly less than before,” said 13-year-old Shen Yuzhe from Beijing. “We are not encouraged to buy workbooks any more. The exercises are mainly from the textbook.” According to Shen, teachers now teach at a much slower pace (节奏). Students have enough time to process new knowledge. “Our teachers are also giving us more chances to do experiments and learn from life,” said Shen. “For example, we went to research earthworms in a field during a biology class. This is a much better way to learn things than just hitting the books.” For 13-year-old Zhang Hangming from Tianjin, the best thing about “double reduction” is the increased time in after-school activities. “We can now spend more time taking part in clubs and activities, such as dancing, volleyball and drama. I have joined a group called ‘leadership development’ where I can learn all kinds of skills beyond academic (学业的) study,” said Zhang. Both Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams now. But they think it’s not necessarily a good thing, “Exams push me to study harder. Besides my progress, more importantly, each exam shows my weak points as well,” Zhang said. Shen also pointed out that when burden is lightened, self-discipline (自律) becomes the key. “Some students now spend more time having fun when homework is finished early. But if you use all the free time to relax, you might fall behind the students of your age.” he said. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 26．What did the 2021 “double reduction” policy aim to do? 27．According to Shen Yuzhe, which is a better way to learn things? 28．What’s the best thing about “double reduction” for Zhang? 29．What can Zhang learn about each exam? 30．What seems to be more important when students have lighter burden? 【答案】26．To reduce students learning burden. 27．Doing experiments and learning from life. 28．The increased time in after-school activities. 29．His progress and weak points. 30．Self-discipline. 【导语】本文讲了2021年7月，中国出台了“双减“政策。它希望通过减少家庭作业和课后课程来减轻学生的学习负担。文章列举了一些学生的看法。 26．根据“In July 2021, China introduced the ‘double reduction’ policy. It hopes to reduce students’ learning burden (负担) by reducing homework and after-school classes.”可知，2021“双减”政策的目的是为了减轻学生的学习负担。故填To reduce students learning burden. 27．根据“‘Our teachers are also giving us more chances to do experiments and learn from life,’ said Shen.”可知，做实验，从生活中学习，这种学习方式更好。故填Doing experiments and learning from life. 28．根据“For 13-year-old Zhang Hangming from Tianjin, the best thing about ‘double reduction’ is the increased time in after-school activities.”可知，“双减”的好处是增加了课外活动的时间。所以“双减”对张的好处是课后活动时间的增加。故填The increased time in after-school activities. 29．根据“‘Exams push me to study harder. Besides my progress, more importantly, each exam shows my weak points as well,’ Zhang said.”可知，每次考试，张能知道他的进步和弱点。故填His progress and weak points. 30．根据“Shen also pointed out that when burden is lightened, self-discipline (自律) becomes the key.”可知，当学生负担较轻时，自律似乎更重要。故填Self-discipline. （2024·江苏扬州·二模）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。(每题答案不超过10个词) Jo was the first to wake up on Christmas morning. When her sisters were awake too, they all went down to the kitchen. Their mother wasn’t there but Hannah, their servant, was. “Your mother went out early.” she said. “A poor boy came to the door asking for food. She sympathized him and she wanted to help him. She went to see his family.” While they were waiting for their mother to come back, the girls put their presents for her in the basket. Soon they heard the sound of a key in the front door. “Mother’s here!” cried Jo. “Hide the basket behind the sofa! Quick!” Then they all rushed into the hall to greet their mother. “Merry Christmas, Mother!” they cried. “Merry Christmas, little daughters!” Mrs March said in her happy voice. She hugged them all and kissed them. Then she suddenly became very serious. “Come and sit down, girls. I want to say something before we start breakfast.” They all sat down at the breakfast table and Mrs March continued. “I went to see a poor woman this morning. Her name is Mrs Hunel. She lives near here in one room with her seven children. One of them is only a baby. They are cold and hungry because they don’t have a fire or any food. The oldest boy came to ask me for help. Girls, can we give them our breakfast as a Christmas present?” The sisters looked at the good food on the table. They were all hungry. For a minute nobody spoke. Then Jo said, “I’m so glad you came back before we started eating, Mother!” Meg put the bread on a big plate without saying anything “Can I help carry the things to the poor children?” asked Beth. “I want to take the muffins,” said Amy. They were her favourite things. Mrs March smiled. “Let’s all go together,” she said. The girls and Hannah put on their hats and they went out into the snowy street. ——Taken from Little Women 31．How many people were there at home before Mrs March came back? 32．What does the underlined word “sympathized” in Paragraph 2 mean? 33．Where did the girls hide their presents for their mother? 34．Why did the mother go out on Christmas morning? 35．What are the girls like in your eyes? Why do you think so? 【答案】31．Five. 32．Had/Took pity on. 33．Behind the sofa. 34．To see the boy’s family. 35．Helpful./Kind. Because they gave their breakfast to the boy’s family. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章节选自《小妇人》，主要讲述了一家人决定帮助穷苦小男孩，把自己的早餐送给他们当圣诞节礼物。 31．根据第一段中的“Jo was the first to wake up on Christmas morning…Their mother wasn’t there but Hannah, their servant”、倒数第五段中的“Meg put the bread on a big plate without saying anything”、倒数第四段中的“asked Bet”以及倒数第三段中的“said Amy”可知，Mrs March回来之前，家里一共有五个人。故填Five. 32．根据第二段中的“she wanted to help him. She went to see his family.”可知，Mrs March想要帮助这个可怜的男孩，说明她很同情他，所以划线词的含义是“同情”。故填Had/Took pity on. 33．根据第四段中的“Hide the basket behind the sofa!”可知，女孩们把礼物藏在了沙发后面。故填Behind the sofa. 34．根据第二段中的“She went to see his family.”可知，Mrs March在圣诞节早晨外出的原因是因为去看望男孩的家人。故填To see the boy’s family. 35．通读文章可知，女孩们把自己的早餐送给男孩的家人当圣诞节礼物，这说明她们是乐于助人/善良的。故填Helpful./Kind. Because they gave their breakfast to the boy’s family. （2023·山东淄博·二模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 My name is Robinson Crusoe. I decided to return to England. But I found myself uncomfortable when setting foot again on a ship. I approached (接洽) three different ships, but I pulled back from each before sailing. I had no idea why I didn’t like traveling by ship. Then two of the ships that I had considered boarding experienced something terrible — one fell to pirates (海盗) and the other was wrecked (使……失事) with only three survivors (幸存者). So I planned to make a journey by land. Friday and I picked up one young Englishman, two English businessmen, and two young Portuguese gentlemen by the time of our leaving. And five servants were added to our group. So we had quite a big group for the road. We traveled comfortably until ten days out from Old Castile. The weather turned from hot to bitter cold. Friday was afraid when he saw the snow-covered mountains, because he had never known the snow or the cold. After years in the tropics (热带地区), I also found it difficult to stand the cold weather. We arrived in Pampeluna in a snowstorm. It was so dangerous that we probably would be covered alive by the thick snow here. We stayed for twenty days in Pampeluna until four French gentlemen arrived safely with a guide. We invited the guide to lead us and he agreed. “You need to be well prepared,” he warned, “In winter, you may see wolves driven by hunger.” “We have no fear of those,” I said, “though I have heard of two-legged wolves that sometimes attack travelers on the French side of the mountains.” 36．How did Robinson Crusoe feel when he was on a ship? 37．How many servants were there in Crusoe’s group? 38．What made Friday feel afraid? 39．How long did the group stay in Pampeluna? 40．What did the guide agree to do? 【答案】36．Uncomfortable./He felt uncomfortable. 37．Five./There were five servants in the group. 38．The snow-covered mountains./The snow-covered mountains made Friday feel afraid. 39．For twenty days./They stayed there for twenty days. 40．He agreed to lead Crusoe’s group. 【导语】本文节选自《鲁宾逊漂流记》。 36．根据“But I found myself uncomfortable when setting foot again on a ship.”可知，他感到不舒服。故填Uncomfortable./He felt uncomfortable. 37．根据“And five servants were added to our group.”可知，有5个仆人。故填Five./There were five servants in the group. 38．根据“Friday was afraid when he saw the snow-covered mountains, because he had never known the snow or the cold.”可知，星期五看到白雪皑皑的群山时很害怕。故填The snow-covered mountains./The snow-covered mountains made Friday feel afraid. 39．根据“We stayed for twenty days in Pampeluna until four French gentlemen arrived safely with a guide.”可知，他们在那里呆了二十天。故填For twenty days./They stayed there for twenty days. 40．根据“We invited the guide to lead us and he agreed.”可知，导游同意领导克鲁索的团队。故填He agreed to lead Crusoe’s group 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $