Units 1~8单词考点讲义 2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册

2026-01-12
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语译林版七年级下册
年级 七年级
章节 Unit 1 Home,Unit 2 Neighbourhood,Unit 3 My hometown
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 江苏省
地区(市) 南京市
地区(区县) 浦口区
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 100 KB
发布时间 2026-01-12
更新时间 2026-02-06
作者 xkw_036820253
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-01-12
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/55905569.html
价格 1.50储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

本初中英语讲义围绕“家庭”“社区”“家乡”等主题单元,系统梳理核心词汇及多维度考点,构建从基础词义、词性辨析到固定搭配、语境运用的学习支架,助力学生逐步掌握词汇在不同场景中的灵活应用。 资料以“考点+语境例句”为核心特色,通过生活化场景例句(如描述社区志愿者活动)提升语言运用能力,对比易混词(如lie的多义辨析)培养思维品质,每个词汇搭配具体使用场景,课中辅助教师高效授课,课后助力学生自主查漏补缺,强化词汇应用能力。

内容正文:

Unit 1 Home 1. mobile /'məʊbaɪl/ adj. 可移动的;n. 手机 考点1:形容词“可移动的”,常搭配mobile home(活动住房)。 This mobile library brings books to villages.(这个流动图书馆把书送到各村。) 考点2:名词“手机”(口语中=mobile phone)。 It's dangerous to use a mobile while crossing the road.(过马路时用手机很危险。) 2. town /taʊn/ n. 镇,市镇 考点1:基本含义,搭配in town(在城里)。 There are many shops and restaurants in town.(城里有很多商店和餐馆。) 考点2:衍生短语town house(联排式住宅)。 They bought a town house near the school.(他们在学校附近买了一套联排住宅。) 3. west /west/ n., adj.&adv. 西部;西方的;向西 考点1:名词“西部”,搭配in the west of...(在……西部)。 The sun sets in the west.(太阳从西边落下。) 考点2:形容词“西方的”,修饰名词。 We visited a west village during the holiday.(假期我们参观了一个西部村庄。) 考点3:副词“向西”,修饰动词。 The river flows west all the way to the sea.(这条河一直向西流入大海。) 4. hundred /'hʌndrəd/ num. 许多,大量;一百 考点1:与具体数字连用时用原形(不加s)。 There are two hundred students in our school's Grade 7.(我们学校七年级有200名学生。) 考点2:表“许多”用hundreds of(数百),前不加具体数字。 Hundreds of birds are flying in the sky.(数百只鸟在天空中飞翔。) 5. study /'stʌdi/ n. 书房;v. 学习 考点1:名词“书房”。 My father often reads newspapers in his study.(我爸爸经常在他的书房看报纸。) 考点2:动词“学习”,搭配study for...(为……学习)。 I need to study for the English test tomorrow.(我需要为明天的英语考试学习。) 6. relaxing /rɪ'læksɪŋ/ adj. 令人放松的,轻松的 考点1:relaxing修饰“事物”,表 “事物具有让人感到放松的属性” Listening to relaxing music is a good way to reduce stress after study.(听令人放松的音乐是学习后减压的好方法。) 考点2:relaxed /rɪˈlækst/adj. 感到放松的,修饰 “人”(或有情感的主体),表 “人自身处于放松的状态”。 She is always relaxed when talking to her friends, but nervous with strangers.(和朋友聊天时她总是很放松,但面对陌生人会紧张。) 7. own /əʊn/ adj.&pron. 自己的,本人的;v. 拥有 考点1:形容词“自己的”,搭配one's own(某人自己的)。 She has a room of her own.(她有一个自己的房间。) 考点2:动词“拥有”。 My uncle owns a small bookstore in the town.(我叔叔在镇上拥有一家小书店。) 8. balcony /'bælkəni/ n. 阳台 考点1:基本含义,指建筑物外的平台。 We often grow flowers on the balcony.(我们经常在阳台上种花。) 考点2:复数形式为balconies。 The hotel's rooms all have big balconies.(这家酒店的房间都有大阳台。) 9. view /vjuː/ n. 风景;看法 考点1:“风景”,搭配have a good view(视野好)。 Our classroom has a good view of the playground.(我们教室能看到操场的好风景。) 考点2:“看法”,搭配in one's view(在某人看来)。 In my view, doing exercise is good for health.(在我看来,锻炼对健康有好处。) 10. relax /rɪ'læks/ vi. 放松,休息 考点:搭配relax oneself(放松自己)。 She likes to relax herself by listening to music.(她喜欢通过听音乐放松自己。) 11. next to prep. 紧邻,在近旁 考点:表方位,相当于beside(紧挨着)。 Our classroom is next to the library.(我们的教室紧邻图书馆。) 12. square metre n. 平方米 考点:面积单位,用于表示面积大小。 Our classroom has an area of 60 square metres.(我们教室的面积是60平方米。) 13. seaside /'siːsaɪd/ n. 海边,海滨 考点:搭配go to the seaside(去海边)。 We plan to go to the seaside for vacation.(我们计划去海边度假。) 14. hold /həuld/ vi. 承受住,坚持住;v. 举办,握住 考点1:“承受住”,搭配hold up(支撑得住)。 The old bridge can't hold heavy trucks.(这座旧桥承受不住重型卡车。) 考点2:“举办”,如hold a party(举办派对)。 We will hold a party for our teacher's birthday.(我们要为老师的生日举办派对。) 15. tent /tent/ n. 帐篷 考点1:搭配put up a tent(搭帐篷)。 We put up a tent by the lake when camping.(露营时我们在湖边搭了帐篷。) 16. build /bɪld/ vi.&vt. 建筑,建造(过去式/过去分词:built) 考点1:“建造”,如build a house(建房子)。 Workers are building a new school in our town.(工人们正在我们镇上建一所新学校。) 17. fishing /'fɪʃɪŋ/ n. 钓鱼,捕鱼业(或活动) 考点1:搭配go fishing(去钓鱼)。 My father likes to go fishing on weekends.(我爸爸喜欢周末去钓鱼。) 18. ride /raɪd/ vt.&vi. 骑;驾驶;搭乘(过去式:rode;过去分词:ridden) 考点1:“骑(自行车、马等)”,如ride a bike(骑自行车)。 I ride my bike to school every day.(我每天骑自行车上学。) 19. centre /'sentə(r)/ n. (市镇的)中心区;中心 考点1:搭配in the centre of...(在……中心)。 There is a big square in the centre of the town.(镇中心有一个大广场。) 20. smell /smel/ vt. 闻,嗅(气味);n. 气味(过去式/过去分词:smelt/smelled) 考点1:动词“闻起来”,后接形容词(系动词用法)。 The flowers smell sweet.(这些花闻起来很香。) 考点2:名词“气味”。 I love the smell of fresh bread.(我喜欢新鲜面包的味道。) 21. sky /skaɪ/ n. 天空 考点1:搭配in the sky(在天空中)。 Many birds are flying in the sky.(很多鸟在天空中飞翔。) Unit 2 Neighbourhood 1. neighbourhood /'neɪbəhʊd/ n. (AmE neighborhood) 街区;邻近的地方 考点1:“in the neighbourhood”(在街区内/附近)。 There is a small supermarket in the neighbourhood—we often buy snacks there after school.(街区里有一家小超市,我们放学后常去那儿买零食。) 2. officer /'ɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 高级职员,官员 考点1:核心职业搭配“police officer”(警察)。 An officer from the traffic department taught us road safety rules.(交通部门的一名官员教我们道路安全规则。) station /'steɪʃn/ n. 站,所,局 考点1:搭配“police station”(警察局)、“bus station”(汽车站)、“train station”(火车站)。 My mom waits for me at the bus station every Friday afternoon because I take the bus home.(妈妈每周五下午在汽车站等我,因为我要坐公交回家。) 3. restaurant /'restrɒnt/ n. 餐厅,餐馆 考点1:搭配“go to a restaurant”(去餐馆)、“a Chinese/Western restaurant”(中/西餐厅)。 ; This restaurant is famous for its fresh seafood and good service.(这家餐馆以新鲜海鲜和优质服务闻名。) 4. neighbour /'neɪbə(r)/ n. (AmE neighbor) 邻居 考点1:搭配“help one’s neighbour”(帮助邻居)。 Our neighbour often helps us water the flowers when we are on summer vacation.(我们放暑假时,邻居常帮我们浇花。) 5. law /lɔː/ n. 法律,法规;规则(lawyer /'lɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师) 考点1:表“法律”(抽象不可数),搭配“follow the law”(守法)、“/break the law”(违法)。 Everyone in our country must follow the law to keep our society in order.(我们国家的每个人都要守法,维护社会秩序。) Those who break the law will be punished by the government.(违法者会受到政府惩罚。) 考点2:表“规则”(具体领域规定),搭配“the law of...(……的规则)”,如“the law of the school”(校规)。 We have to obey the law of the library—no talking loudly or eating snacks.(我们要遵守图书馆规则——不许大声说话或吃零食。) 6. community /kə'mjuːnəti/ n. 社区 考点1:搭配“community center”(社区中心)、“community service”(社区服务),中高考“公益活动”写作高频。 ; Students in our class take part in community service every month, like helping old people clean their rooms.(我们班学生每月参加社区服务,比如帮老人打扫房间。) 7. from time to time 偶尔,不时 I go hiking with my friends from time to time on weekends.(我周末偶尔和朋友去徒步。) 8. volunteer /ˌvɒlən'tɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 考点1:搭配“be a volunteer”(成为志愿者)、“volunteer work”(志愿工作)。 The volunteers handed out warm clothes to the homeless in winter.(冬天志愿者给无家可归者分发棉衣。) 9. laptop /'læptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 考点1:搭配“use a laptop”(用笔记本电脑)。 I use my laptop to do online homework and watch English learning videos every evening.(我每晚用笔记本电脑做线上作业、看英语学习视频。) 10. engineer /ˌendʒɪ'nɪə(r)/ n. 工程师 考点1:常搭配领域词,如“computer engineer”(电脑工程师)、“mechanical engineer”(机械工程师)。 ; The software engineer developed a new app for language learning.(软件工程师开发了一款新的语言学习APP。) 11. check /tʃek/ vt.&n. 检查,核查 考点1:动词“检查”,搭配“check homework”(检查作业)、“check /answers”(核对答案)。 Please check the door is locked before leaving the classroom.(离开教室前请检查门是否锁好。) 考点2:名词“检查”,搭配“do a check”(做检查),如“health check”(健康检查)。 We need to do a safety check of the equipment before using it.(使用前我们要对设备做安全检查。) 12. broken /'brəʊkən/ adj. 出了毛病的,破损的 考点:修饰物品,搭配“broken + 名词”(如broken bike, broken pen)。 She cried because her broken watch was a gift from her grandma.(她哭了,因为坏了的手表是奶奶送的礼物。) 13. someone /'sʌmwʌn/ pron. (= somebody) 某人 考点:用于肯定句,指代“不确定的某个人”(区别于否定句中的“anyone”)。 ; Someone left a note on my desk saying “Good luck in the exam”.(有人在我桌上留了张纸条写着“考试好运”。) 14. college /'kɒlɪdʒ/ n. 学院;〈美〉大学 考点:搭配“go to college”(上大学)。 My dream is to go to college to study biology because I like animals.(我的梦想是上大学学生物,因为我喜欢动物。) 15. willing /'wɪlɪŋ/ adj. 愿意,乐意 考点:核心搭配“be willing to do sth.”(乐意做某事。 All my classmates are willing to help the new student with his math lessons.(所有同学都乐意帮新同学补习数学课。) 16. such /sʌtʃ/ det.&pron. 如此;这样的 考点:修饰名词,搭配“such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词”。 We had such a great time at the school picnic last month.(上个月学校野餐,我们玩得特别开心。) 17. pick up 捡起,拾起;(顺便)接某人 考点1:搭配“pick up sth.”“捡起某物”。 Please pick up the paper on the ground—it makes our classroom messy.(请把地上的纸捡起来,它让教室变乱了。) 考点2:搭配“pick up sb.”“(顺便)接某人”。 My dad will pick me up at the community gate after my piano class.(钢琴课后爸爸会在社区门口接我。) 18. if /ɪf/ conj. 如果 考点:引导条件状语从句(“主将从现”:主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时)。 If you study hard every day, you will get good grades in the final exam.(如果你每天努力学习,期末考试会取得好成绩。) 19. volunteer /ˌvɒlən'tɪə(r)/ vi.&vt. 自愿做,义务做,无偿做 考点:搭配“volunteer to do sth.”(自愿做某事)。 Many students volunteer to help take care of homeless dogs in our community every weekend.(很多学生每周自愿帮我们社区照顾流浪狗。) 20. in a hurry 匆忙 考点:固定短语,搭配“be in a hurry”(匆忙)、“do sth. in a hurry”(匆忙做某事)。 I was in a hurry this morning, so I forgot to take my English notebook.(今早我很匆忙,忘了带英语笔记本。) 21. invite /ɪn'vaɪt/ vt. 邀请 考点:搭配“invite sb. to do sth.”(邀请某人做某事)、“invite sb. to + 地点”(邀请某人去某地)。 I want to invite my best friend to my birthday party next Saturday evening.(我想邀请最好的朋友来我下周六晚上的生日派对。) 22. exchange /ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ/ n. 交流 考点:搭配“exchange of sth.”(……的交流)、“cultural exchange”(文化交流)。 Our school has a cultural exchange program with a school in Japan every year.(我们学校每年和日本一所学校有文化交流项目。) 23. notice /'nəʊtɪs/ n. 通知 考点:搭配“read the notice”(看通知)、“put up a notice”(贴通知)。 The teacher put up a notice about the school sports meeting on the classroom wall.(老师在教室墙上贴了关于校运会的通知。) 24. information /ˌɪnfə'meɪʃn/ n. 信息,消息 考点:不可数名词(无复数),搭配“get information”(获取信息)、“provide information”(提供信息)。 We can get information about the upcoming exam from our Chinese teacher.(我们可以从语文老师那里获取即将到来的考试信息。) 25. fever /'fiːvə(r)/ n. 发烧 考点:搭配“have a fever”(发烧)。 If you have a fever, you should stay at home and drink more hot water.(如果你发烧了,应该待在家多喝热水。) 26. sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. (发炎)疼痛的,酸痛的 考点:搭配“sore + 身体部位”(如sore throat喉咙痛、sore legs腿疼)。 27. trouble /'trʌbl/ n. 问题,困难;麻烦 考点1:搭配“have trouble (in) doing sth.”(做某事有困难)。 I have trouble remembering English words—can you share your memory skills with me?(我记英语单词有困难,你能分享记忆技巧吗?) 考点2:搭配“get into trouble”(陷入麻烦)。 Don’t run in the hallway—you may get into trouble and hurt yourself.(别在走廊跑,你可能会陷入麻烦、伤到自己。) 28. fridge /frɪdʒ/ n. (= refrigerator) 冰箱 考点:搭配“put...in the fridge”(把……放进冰箱)。 Please put the milk in the fridge—it will go bad if it’s left outside.(请把牛奶放进冰箱,放在外面会变质。) 29. deal with 处理,应付 考点:短语动词,搭配“deal with problems”(处理问题)、“deal with people”(与人打交道)。 Our teacher taught us how to deal with conflicts with classmates peacefully.(老师教我们如何和平处理和同学的矛盾。) 30. wonder /'wʌndə(r)/ vt.&vi. 琢磨,想知道 考点:搭配“wonder + 疑问词从句”(想知道……)(从句用陈述语序)。 I wonder when our school will hold the autumn outing—we’ve been looking forward to it.(我想知道学校什么时候组织秋游,我们一直很期待。) 31. able /'eɪbl/ adj. 能够 考点:搭配“be able to do sth.”(能够做某事)。区别于“can”:be able to有各种时态,can只有现在时和过去时)。 With more practice, you will be able to speak English more fluently.(多练习后,你会能更流利地说英语。) 32. post /pəʊst/ vt. 发布;邮寄 考点:“发布”,搭配“post a notice”(发布通知)。 We need to post a notice on the school noticeboard about the autumn outing.(我们需要在学校公告栏张贴一张关于秋游的通知。) The company posted a notice about the new working hours last week.(公司上周发布了一则关于新工作时间的通知。) The teacher posted a notice to inform students of the exam schedule.(老师张贴了通知,告知学生考试安排。) 考点2:“邮寄”,搭配“post a letter”(寄信)。 I will post this birthday card to my pen pal in Guangzhou tomorrow.(我明天要把这张生日贺卡寄给广州的笔友。) 33. raise /reɪz/ vt. 募集;举起;提高 考点1:“募集”,搭配“raise money”(筹钱)。 We plan to raise money for the poor students in mountain areas by selling old books.(我们计划通过卖旧书为山区贫困学生筹钱。) 考点2:“举起”,搭配“raise one’s hand”(举手)。 Please raise your hand if you know the answer to this English question.(知道这个英语问题答案的同学请举手。) 34. give away 赠送;分发 考点1:“赠送”,搭配“give away sth.”(赠送某物)。 We will give away our old clothes and books to the children in poor areas next week.(下周我们要把旧衣服和旧书赠给贫困地区的孩子。) 考点2:“分发”,搭配“give away sth. to sb.”(给某人分发某物)。 The teacher asked us to give away the new textbooks to our classmates.(老师让我们把新课本分发给同学。) Unit 3 Myhometown 1. past /pɑːst/ n. 过去 考点:搭配“in the past”(在过去); In the past, people used letters to communicate instead of smartphones.(过去,人们用信件沟通而不是智能手机。) She often talks about her happy memories of the past.(她经常谈起过去的快乐回忆。) 2. present /'preznt/ n. 现在 考点:搭配“at present”(目前)、“the present time”(现在); At present, most students have their own laptops for study.(目前,大多数学生都有自己的学习用笔记本电脑。) We should focus on the present rather than worrying too much about the future.(我们应该关注现在,而不是过多担心未来。) 3. shall /ʃæl/ modal v. (表示提出或征求意见);将要,将会 Shall we go to the museum this weekend to learn about ancient history?(我们这周末去博物馆了解古代历史好吗?) I shall finish my report before the deadline, don’t worry.(我会在截止日期前完成报告,别担心。) 4. attract /ə'trækt/ vt. 招引;吸引 考点:搭配“attract sb/sth”(吸引某人/某物); Funny cartoons always attract children’s attention.(有趣的卡通片总能吸引孩子们的注意力。) 5. capital /'kæpɪtl/ n. 首都,首府 考点:指国家或地区的首都/首府; Beijing is the capital of China and it has a long history.(北京是中国的首都,有着悠久的历史。) 6. show sb around 领某人参观 My cousin will show us around his university when we visit him.(我们去看表哥时,他会带我们参观他的大学。) 7. once /wʌns/ adv. 曾经; prep “一旦…… 就……” 考点1: adv表 “曾经”(指过去某段时间内发生过,现在已不如此),常与过去时连用; There once was a small village near this mountain.(这座山附近曾经有一个小村庄。) 考点 2: adv表 “一次”(指动作发生的频率,“每…… 一次” 或 “某一次”),常与 “a week/month/year” 等时间状语搭配。 I visit my grandparents once a month.(我每月去看望祖父母一次。—— 表 “频率:每月一次”) 考点 3:conj表 “一旦…… 就……”,引导时间 / 条件状语从句。 规则:若主句用一般将来时(will do)、情态动词(can/may/must)或祈使句,从句需用一般现在时表将来(即 “主将从现”)。 Once you make a promise, you must keep it.(一旦你许下承诺,就必须遵守。—— 主句情态动词 must,从句一般现在时) 考点 3:n表 “一次;一回”。搭配:at once立刻;马上(= immediately) Hurry up! We need to leave at once.(快点!我们得马上出发。) once upon a time:从前(用于讲述故事的开头,= long long ago) Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Snow White.(从前,有一个叫白雪公主的小女孩。) 8. worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得,有价值;值钱 考点:固定搭配“be worth doing sth”(值得做某事); This book is worth reading because it tells many interesting historical stories.(这本书值得一读,因为它讲述了许多有趣的历史故事。) The old painting is worth a lot of money now.(这幅旧画现在很值钱。) 9. be well worth 很值得 考点:强调“非常值得”,后接名词或动名词; The trip to the ancient town is well worth the time and money.(去古镇的旅行很值得花时间和金钱。) The film is well worth watching again and again.(这部电影很值得反复观看。) 10. visitor /'vɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 游客,来访者 考点:搭配“tourist visitors”“school visitors”; Visitors are not allowed to take photos in this exhibition hall.(游客不允许在这个展厅拍照。) 11. side /saɪd/ n. 一侧,一边 考点:搭配“on the side of...”(在……的一侧); There is a small garden on the side of the road.(道路的一侧有一个小花园。) She sat on my side during the meeting and took notes.(开会时她坐在我旁边记笔记。) 12. taste /teɪst/ vi.尝起来; n. 体验,尝试;味道 考点 1:作不及物动词(系动词),表 “尝起来;有…… 味道”(无宾语,后接形容词) ✅ 正确:The cake tastes good.(good 是形容词,表 “味道好”) ❌ 错误:The cake tastes well.(well 是副词,不能接在系动词后) 考点2:n表“体验”时搭配“a taste of...”; We had a taste of farm life during our summer camp.(夏令营期间我们体验了一下农场生活。) 考点3:n 表 “品尝;尝一口”(可数名词,强调 “尝的动作或次数”) 固定搭配:have a taste (of sth)(尝一口……);give sth a taste(尝一下某物) Can I have a taste of your ice cream? It looks nice.(我能尝一口你的冰淇淋吗?看起来很好吃。) 考点4:n 表 “喜好;品味”(描述对事物的偏好或审美) 固定搭配:a taste for sth(对…… 的喜好);good/bad taste(好 / 差的品味) She has a taste for classical music—she listens to it every evening.(她喜欢古典音乐,每天晚上都听。) 13. theatre /'θɪətə(r)/ n. (AmE theater) 戏院,剧场 考点:搭配“go to the theatre”; My parents and I will go to the theatre to watch a play this weekend.(我和父母这周末要去剧院看一场话剧。) 14. interest /'ɪntrəst/ n. 吸引力,趣味;兴趣;v.使感兴趣 考点 1:n表 “兴趣;爱好”,常用搭配 “take (an) interest in”“show interest in”(“an” 可加可不加,加 “an” 更强调 “一种具体兴趣”)对……感兴趣。 She takes interest in painting—she goes to the art club every weekend.(她对绘画感兴趣,每周都去艺术俱乐部。—— 不可数,泛指兴趣) He has an interest in history, especially ancient Chinese history.(他对历史有兴趣,尤其是中国古代史。—— 可数,强调 “一种兴趣”) lose interest in:对…… 失去兴趣 She lost interest in dancing after the accident.(事故后她对跳舞失去了兴趣。) develop an interest in:培养对…… 的兴趣 The teacher helped me develop an interest in English.(老师帮我培养了对英语的兴趣。) 考点 2:“使役类动词” (表 “使感兴趣”) I am interested in this book.(我对这本书感兴趣。) This is an interesting book.(这是一本令人感兴趣的书。) The book interests me.(这本书让我感 15. place of interest n. 名胜 There are many places of interest in Xi’an, such as the Terracotta Army.(西安有许多名胜古迹,比如兵马俑。) 16. form /fɔːm/ n. 类型,种类;形式 考点:搭配“a form of...”(一种……形式); Reading is a good form of relaxing after a long day’s study.(阅读是长时间学习后放松的好方式。) 17. date from 追溯到,始于 The old bridge dating from 1880 is still in use today.(这座建于1880年的古桥至今仍在使用。) 18. smile /smaɪl/ vi. 微笑;vt. 微笑着说;n. 微笑,笑容 考点 1:vi表 “微笑;露出笑容”,需牢记 3 类高频介词搭配: 搭配 1:smile at sb/sth(对某人 / 某物微笑,表 “微笑的对象”) The teacher always smiles at us when she walks into the classroom.(老师走进教室时,总会对我们微笑。) 搭配 2:smile with + 情绪名词(带着某种情绪微笑,表 “微笑的原因”)常见情绪名词:joy(喜悦)、kindness(友善)、relief(释然)、shyness(害羞) She smiled with joy when she heard she got good grades.(听到自己考了好成绩,她开心地笑了。) 搭配 3:smile to oneself(暗自微笑,表 “独自的、不外露的笑”) He smiled to himself when he remembered the funny thing his friend did.(想起朋友做的趣事,他偷偷笑了。) 考点 2:vt表 “以微笑表达 / 传递” She smiled a big smile and waved at us.(她咧嘴一笑,朝我们挥手。) 考点 2:作名词,描述笑容的 “特点”(a + 形容词 + smile) 常用形容词:big(大大的)、sweet(甜甜的)、warm(温暖的)、shy(害羞的)、bright(灿烂的)例句: She has a sweet smile—everyone likes talking to her.(她有甜甜的笑容,大家都喜欢和她说话。) 搭配:with a smile(带着微笑) She answered the question with a smile.(她带着微笑回答了问题。) 搭配:give sb a smile(给某人一个微笑) Can you give me a smile? You look a little sad today.(能对我笑一下吗?你今天看起来有点难过。) 19. leaf /liːf/ n. (pl. leaves) 叶子 A leaf fell from the tree and landed on my desk.(一片叶子从树上落下,落在我的桌子上。) 20. wave /weɪv/ vi. 飘动,摇晃 考点:搭配“wave in the wind”“wave to sb”; The flags wave gently in the breeze.(旗帜在微风中轻轻飘动。) She waved to us when she got on the bus.(她上公交车时向我们挥了挥手。) 21. lie /laɪ/ 考点 1:vi 躺;平放。时态变形(不规则):lie → lay → lain → lying(现在分词) She was tired and lay down on the sofa for a rest.(她累了,在沙发上躺下休息。—— 过去式 lay) 考点 2:vi 说谎。时态变形(规则):lie → lied → lied → lying(现在分词) lie to sb:对某人说谎 → He lied to his parents about his exam results.(他在考试成绩上对父母说了谎。—— 过去式 lied) lie about sth:就某事说谎 → She is lying about where she went last night.(她在昨晚去了哪里这件事上说谎。—— 现在进行时 lying) lie that 从句:谎称…… → He lied that he was sick to skip class.(他谎称生病逃课。—— 过去式 lied) 考点 3: vi 位于(表 “地理位置处于某处”) 时态变形(同 “躺”,但极少用过去时):lie → lay → lain → lying(一般现在时最常用,表 “客观位置不变”) lie in:位于…… 内部(A 在 B 范围内)→ Beijing lies in the north of China.(北京位于中国北部。—— 范围内) lie on:位于…… 相邻处(A 与 B 接壤 / 相邻)→ Guangdong lies on Guangxi.(广东与广西相邻。—— 接壤) lie to:位于…… 不相邻处(A 与 B 不接壤,隔海 / 隔地)→ Japan lies to the east of China.(日本位于中国东部。—— 不接壤) 考点 4:n “谎言” 。 tell a lie:说一个谎 → She told a lie to avoid being punished.(她为了避免被惩罚说了一个谎。) 22. row /rəʊ/ vt.&vi. 划(船) 考点:搭配“row a boat”; We decided to row a boat on the lake during our weekend trip.(周末旅行时我们决定在湖上划船。) He taught his little sister how to row safely.(他教他的小妹妹如何安全划船。) Unit 4 Chinese folk art 1. even /'iːvn/ adv. 甚至,即使 考点:Even though引导让步状语从句,语气比 though/although 更强,不能与 “but” 连用。 Even though it rained heavily, we still went to the park.(尽管雨下得很大,我们还是去了公园。) 2. carve /kɑːv/ vt.&vi. 雕刻 考点:搭配“carve sth into sth”把某物雕刻 / 切割成某物; In the art class, the teacher taught us to carve a piece of wood into a small rabbit.(美术课上,老师教我们把一块木头雕刻成一只小兔子。) 3. scene /siːn/ n. 场面;现场;(戏剧等的)场 考点:表“场面、场景”; The scene of children flying kites in the park is very lively.(公园里孩子们放风筝的场面很热闹。) 4. craft /krɑːft/ n. 手艺,工艺 考点:指传统手工技艺,搭配“traditional craft”传统工艺;传统手工艺; Paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese craft with a history of over 1,500 years.(剪纸是中国传统工艺,有1500多年历史。) 5. scissors /'sɪzəz/ n. [pl.] 剪刀 考点:复数名词,搭配“a pair of scissors”一把剪刀; Please pass me that pair of scissors to cut the paper.(请递给我那把剪刀剪纸。) The scissors for cutting cloth are heavier than the ones for paper.(剪布的剪刀比剪纸的重。) 6. knife /naɪf/ n. (pl. knives) 刀 We use a knife and fork when eating Western food.(吃西餐时我们用刀叉。) 7. add /æd/ vt. 补充说;添加 考点:“add sth to sth”表示“将某物加入到另一物中”; Please add some sugar to the coffee if you think it’s too bitter.(如果你觉得咖啡太苦,请加些糖。) 8. practice /'præktɪs/ n. 练习,训练 考点:搭配“do practice”做练习 We need to do more practice to improve our English writing skills.(我们需要多练习来提高英语写作技能。) Her practice in painting finally paid off—she won the first prize.(她在绘画上的训练终于有了回报——她获得了一等奖。) 9. landscape /'lændskeɪp/ n. 景色;风景画 考点:表“自然景色”;表“风景画”时是艺术作品类型; My uncle collects famous artists’ landscapes and hangs them on the wall.(叔叔收藏著名画家的风景画,把它们挂在墙上。) 10. paper-cut /'peɪpə kʌt/ n. 剪纸(作品) 考点:中国传统民间艺术; The paper-cut of “Fu” character is a common decoration during the Spring Festival.(“福”字剪纸是春节常见的装饰品。) 11. express /ɪk'spres/ vt. 表达,表示 考点:搭配“express one’s feelings/thanks/idea”表达某人的感情/感激 ; He used a poem to express his love for his hometown.(他用一首诗表达对家乡的热爱。) We should express our thanks to those who help us.(我们应该向帮助过我们的人表达感谢。) 12. happiness /'hæpinəs/ n. 幸福,快乐 The children’s laughter filled the room with happiness.(孩子们的笑声让房间里充满了快乐。) 13. couple /'kʌpl/ n. 夫妇 考点:“a couple”表“一对夫妇”; The old couple often takes a walk in the park after dinner.(这对老夫妇晚饭后常去公园散步。) 14. hand /hænd/ vt. 交,递,给 考点:搭配“hand sth to sb”把某物递给某人”; Please hand this document to the teacher when you see her.(见到老师时请把这份文件递给她。) “hand in sth”“上交某物;提交某物” You must hand in your homework before class.(你必须在上课前上交作业。——“按老师要求上交”,体现场景属性) 15. mean /miːn/ vt. 表示…的意思;意味着 考点 1:意思是;指的是(解释词语、句子、符号的含义) 关键搭配: mean + 名词 / 代词:直接说明 “某事物的含义”; What does the word “brave” mean?(“brave” 这个词是什么意思?——mean + 名词) mean + (that) 从句:解释 “某句话 / 行为的意思”(that 可省略); His smile meant (that) he agreed with us.(他的微笑意味着他同意我们的看法。——mean + 从句) mean + 直接引语:引出 “所说内容的含义”。 “I’ll think about it” usually means “no” in this context.(在这种语境下,“我会考虑的” 通常意思是 “不行”。——mean + 直接引语) 考点 2:意味着;预示(表 “某事物必然导致的结果”) 关键搭配: mean doing sth:“意味着做某事”(后接动名词 doing,表 “结果”); Missing the train means waiting for another hour.(错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。) 考点 3: 打算;意欲(表 “某人的主观意图”) 关键搭配: mean to do sth:“打算做某事”(后接不定式 to do,表 “意图”); I mean to finish my homework before watching TV.(我打算看完电视前完成作业。——mean to do,表意图) mean for sb to do sth:“打算让某人做某事”(明确动作执行者)。 Mom meant for me to take an umbrella, but I forgot.(妈妈本来打算让我带伞的,但我忘了。——mean for sb to do) 16. alive /ə'laɪv/ adj. 活着;有活力 考点:常作表语或后置定语,不修饰名词前置,中高考“状态描述”场景常用; The old tree in front of our school is still alive after the storm.(我们学校门前的那棵老树暴风雨后仍然活着。) 17. warmth /wɔːmθ/ n. 温暖 The warmth of the sun makes people feel comfortable in winter.(冬天阳光的温暖让人感觉舒适。) 18. still /stɪl/ adv. 还是,仍然 It’s already 10 o’clock, but my brother is still doing his homework.(已经10点了,我弟弟还在做作业。) 19. respect /rɪ'spekt/ vt/n. 尊敬,尊重 考点 1:作v,搭配respect sb(尊重某人) We should respect our parents and teachers.(我们应该尊重父母和老师。) 考点 2:作v,搭配respect sth(尊重 / 重视某物,如规则、意见、传统) All students must respect school rules (such as not being late).(所有学生必须遵守 / 尊重校规,比如不迟到。) 考点 3:作v,搭配“respect sb. for sth.”“因某事 / 某特质而尊重某人”; People respect him for his honesty and hard work.(人们因他的诚实和勤奋而尊敬他。) 考点 4:作n,常见搭配show respect for sb/sth:对某人 / 某物表示尊重(最常用,写作高频); Students should show respect for their teachers by listening carefully in class.(学生应该通过上课认真听讲来尊重老师。) have respect for sb/sth:对某人 / 某物怀有尊重; He has great respect for his grandfather’s wisdom.(他非常尊重爷爷的智慧。) gain/earn respect:赢得尊重; She earned respect from her classmates by helping others.(她通过帮助别人赢得了同学的尊重。) with respect:礼貌地(用于表达不同意见,口语 / 书面均常用)。 With respect, I don’t think your idea is right.(恕我直言,我认为你的想法不对。) 20. value /'væljuː/ n. 价值 考点:搭配“the value of...”表“……的价值” We should realize the value of time and make good use of it.(我们应该认识到时间的价值,好好利用它。) The value of this ancient vase lies in its historical meaning rather than its price.(这个古花瓶的价值在于它的历史意义而非价格。) Unit 5 Animal friends 1. awake /ə'weɪk/ adj. 醒着 考点:常作表语,不修饰名词前置,搭配“stay awake”“be awake”; I stayed awake late last night to finish my project.(我昨晚熬夜到很晚完成项目,一直醒着。) Is the baby awake or asleep?(宝宝是醒着还是睡着了?) 2. up to 达到(某数量、程度等),至多有 考点:后接数字或名词,表数量范围; This hall can hold up to 500 people for meetings.(这个大厅最多能容纳500人开会。) 3. lift /lɪft/ vt. 举起 考点:后接宾语,表“抬起、举起”动作; Please lift this heavy box to the shelf, I need your help.(请把这个重箱子抬到架子上,我需要你帮忙。) She lifted the baby carefully and hugged him.(她小心地抱起宝宝并拥抱了他。) 4. times /taɪmz/ n. [pl.] 倍 考点:“...times as + 形容词原级 + as...”表“…… 是…… 的几倍……”; This room is three times as big as that one.(这个房间是那个的三倍大。) 5. weight /weɪt/ n. 重量 考点:搭配“the weight of...”表“...的重量” What's the weight of your schoolbag? It looks heavy.(你的书包多重?看起来很重。) “lose weight”表“减肥”; This diet is suited to anyone who wants to lose weight fast.(这一食谱适合每一个希望迅速减肥的人。) 6. hole /həʊl/ n. 孔,洞 考点:指物体上的孔洞,搭配“mouse hole”“hole in the wall”; There's a small hole in my sock, I need to buy a new pair.(我的袜子上有个小洞,需要买双新的。) The cat hid in the hole under the tree to avoid the rain.(猫躲在树下的洞里避雨。) 7. worker /'wɜːkə(r)/ n. 工蜂;工人 The workers are building a new library in our community.(工人们正在我们社区建一座新图书馆。) 8. gram /ɡræm/ n. 克 考点:重量单位,搭配“a few grams of...”表“几克……”; You only need a few grams of salt for this dish.(这道菜你只需要几克盐。) 9. trick /trɪk/ n. 把戏 考点:搭配“play a trick (on sb.)”(耍把戏/捉弄某人); The magician played a wonderful trick with cards.(魔术师表演了精彩的纸牌把戏。) Don't play a trick on your little sister, it will make her cry.(别捉弄你妹妹,会让她哭的。) 10. bite /baɪt/ vi.&vt. 咬 考点:过去式为“bit”,过去分词为“bitten”,搭配“bite sb./sth.”; The dog bit the postman when he tried to deliver letters.(邮递员送信时被狗咬了。) 11. fight /faɪt/ 考点 1:不及物动词(需加介词,表 “与… 对抗 / 为… 奋斗”) 搭配 1:fight for + 目标/权益/信念(如 freedom、justice、dreams、life 等)为… 而战 / 奋斗 Many people fought for freedom in history.(历史上许多人为自由而战。) 搭配 1:fight against + 敌人/困难/不良现象(如 enemies、disease、poverty、bad habits 等)对抗…;反对… The doctors are fighting against the disease.(医生们正在对抗这种疾病。) 搭配 2:fight with + 同伴/盟 表“和… 并肩作战”(褒义) He fought with us against the bad guys.(他和我们一起对抗坏人。) 搭配 3:fight with + 冲突对象表“和… 打架 / 争吵”(贬义) The two boys fought with each other over a toy.(两个男孩为一个玩具打架。) 考点 2:及物动词(直接接宾语,表 “打斗 / 赢得 / 抵抗”) 搭配 1:fight + 人/动物(表 “与… 打斗”,相当于 “fight with sb.” 的贬义用法) The two dogs fought each other for a bone.(两只狗为一根骨头打架。) 搭配 2:fight + 战争/比赛(表 “参加 / 赢得战斗 / 比赛”) They fought a long battle and finally won.(他们打了一场持久战,最终获胜。) 搭配 3:fight + 情感/欲望(表 “克制 / 抵抗某种情感”) She tried to fight her fear when speaking in public.(她在公众演讲时努力克制恐惧。) 考点 3:不可数名词(抽象 “斗争、奋斗”,无复数)搭配:give up the fight(放弃斗争)、in the fight against(在对抗… 的斗争中) The fight against pollution needs everyone’s effort.(对抗污染的斗争需要每个人的努力。—— 抽象斗争) 考点 2:可数名词(复数 fights)指 “具体的一次打斗、一场战斗或一次比赛中的对抗” 搭配:have a fight (with sb.)表(和某人)打架 / 发生一次斗争、a fierce fight(激烈的打斗 / 战斗)。 Teachers always tell us not to have a fight with classmates.(老师总是告诉我们不要和同学打架。) 12. look after 照料 考点1:相当于“take care of”,后接人或物; I need to look after my grandma while my parents are away.(父母不在时我需要照料奶奶。) 13. forget /fə'ɡet/ vt.&vi. 忘记做;遗忘 考点1:forget to do sth:忘记要做某事; Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.(离开教室时别忘了关灯。) forget doing sth:忘记做过某事; I forgot meeting him at the party last year.(我忘记去年在派对上见过他了。) 14. lonely /'ləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的 考点1:lonely主观感受:孤独的、寂寞的(含情感色彩);仅形容词(作表语 / 定语) She feels lonely even when surrounded by people.(即使被人围着,她也觉得孤独。) The old man lives in a lonely house.(老人住在一座偏僻的房子里。) 考点1:alone(adj./adv.)客观状态:独自的、单独的(无情感色彩); 形容词(作表语,不可作定语)/ 副词 He lives alone in the city.(他独自在城市生活。)(adv.) She is alone but not lonely.(她独自一人,但并不寂寞。)(adj.) 15. corner /'kɔːnə(r)/ n. 角落,墙角;街角 考点1:搭配“in the corner”在角落(空间内部的,如室内 / 封闭空间的角落) The cat is sleeping in the corner of the room.(猫在房间角落睡觉。) “at the corner”在拐角处(外部的,如街道、建筑等外部拐角); There is a bookstore at the corner of the street.(街角有一家书店。) 16. touch /tʌtʃ/ vt. 触摸,碰 考点:搭配“touch sth. gently”“don't touch”; She touched the baby's face gently with her hand.(她用手轻轻触摸宝宝的脸。) 17. goldfish /'ɡəʊldfɪʃ/ n. (pl. goldfish, goldfishes) 金鱼 考点:复数形式特殊,可不变或加“-es”,中高考“宠物”场景常用; The goldfishes swim happily around the water plants.(金鱼在水草周围快乐地游动。) 18. afraid /ə'freɪd/ adj. 担心;害怕,恐惧 考点:“be afraid of sth/doing sth.”(害怕某事/做某事); Many children are afraid of snakes and spiders.(很多孩子害怕蛇和蜘蛛。) “be afraid to do sth”(害怕做某事); She is afraid to speak in front of a large group of people.(她害怕在一大群人面前说话。) 19. neck /nek/ n. 颈,脖子 He hurt his neck when he fell off his bike.(他从自行车上摔下来时伤到了脖子。) 20. tip /tɪp/ n. 实用的提示 考点:搭配“a tip for sth.”(做某事的提示); Here's a tip for learning English: read English newspapers every day.(给你一个学英语的提示:每天读英文报纸。) 21. allow /ə'laʊ/ vt. 使可能;允许 考点1:allow sb. to do sth:允许某人做某事;(必须接“sb”,明确允许的人) The school doesn't allow students to bring mobile phones into the exam room.(学校不允许学生把手机带入考场。) 考点2:allow doing sth:允许做某事;(规则/普遍许可,针对所有人的行为) This library doesn’t allow eating or drinking inside.(这家图书馆不允许在馆内饮食。——行为“eating or drinking”) 22. cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ vt. 鼓舞;vt.&vi. 欢呼,加油 考点1:表“欢呼、加油”,搭配cheer for sb./sth:为某人/某物欢呼、喝彩; All students cheered for our class team when they scored the final goal.(我们班球队踢进绝杀球时,所有同学都为他们欢呼。) 考点2:表“鼓舞”,搭配cheer (sb) up (使)变得高兴,振奋起来; Watching a happy movie always cheers me up when I feel tired.(我累的时候,看一部开心的电影总能让我高兴起来。) 23. hard-working /ˌhɑːdˈwɜːkɪŋ/ adj. 辛勤的 The hard-working girl spends one hour reading English every morning.(这个勤奋的女孩每天早上花一小时读英语。) 24. useful /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. 有用的 考点:be useful for (doing) sth:对(做)某事有用 This dictionary is useful for learning English words.(这本词典对学习英语单词很有用。) 25. save /seɪv/ vt. 拯救,救助;节省 考点 1:节省(时间、金钱、资源等,最常用) 搭配:save + 名词(time/money/energy):节省…… save + (sb.) + time/money (on sth.):(为某人)在某事上节省时间 / 钱 Taking the bus can save you a lot of money on transportation.(坐公交能帮你在交通上省很多钱。) save + 名词(time/money/energy) + for sth.:为某事节省…… I need to save time for homework after school.(放学后我要为写作业节省时间。) 考点 2:拯救(生命、事物,情感色彩较强) 搭配:save + sb./sth.:拯救某人 / 某物 save sb. from sth.:从…… 中拯救某人(强调 “脱离危险”) The firefighters saved the cat from the burning building.(消防员从着火的大楼里救出了那只猫。——save sb. from sth.) Planting trees can save the earth from pollution.(种树能拯救地球免受污染。——save sth. from sth.) save one’s life:救某人的命 The doctor worked hard to save the patient’s life.(医生努力抢救病人的生命。——save one’s life) 考点 3: 储存(数据、食物、物品,侧重 “留存备用”) 搭配:save up (for sth.)存钱(为买某物) She is saving up for a new bike.(她正在存钱买一辆新自行车。) 26. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系 搭配:the relationship between A and B:表“A 和 B 之间的关系” ; The relationship between my best friend and me is very close.(我和闺蜜之间的关系很亲密 ) We should keep a friendly relationship with our classmates.(我们应该和同学保持友好的关系。) 27. care for 照料;关心 考点1:表“照料”,后接人或动植物,场景为“照顾老人、宠物、病人”; My mom goes to my grandma’s house every weekend to care for her.(妈妈每周都去奶奶家照顾她。) 考点2:表“关心”,后接人或事物,场景为“关心环境、他人”; Our teacher always cares for the students who are new to the class.(我们老师总关心班里的新同学。) 28. name /neɪm/ vt. 命名 考点1:表“给……命名”,搭配“name sth. + 名词”; The villagers named the new bridge “Friendship Bridge” to remember their cooperation.(村民们把新桥命名为“友谊桥”,纪念彼此的合作。) 考点2:表“以……命名”,搭配“name sb./sth. after...”; This street is named after a hero who fought for our city.(这条街以一位为城市奋斗的英雄命名。) 29. noise /nɔɪz/ n. 声音,噪声 考点:noise侧重“令人烦躁的噪音”,sound泛指声音的“; We need to keep quiet in the hospital and not make any noise.(我们在医院要保持安静,不要制造噪音。) 30. down /daʊn/ adj. 沮丧,情绪低落 考点:搭配‌feel down‌指情绪低落或感到沮丧; He felt down because he didn’t get into the school basketball team.(他因为没入选校篮球队而感到沮丧。) Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 1. cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/ vt. 占(一片面积);覆盖;遮盖 考点1:表“占(面积)”,搭配“cover + 数字 + 面积单位”; This nature reserve covers an area of 800 square kilometers.(这个自然保护区占地800平方公里。) 考点2:表“覆盖(物体表面)”,搭配“cover sth with sth”表示“用某物覆盖某物”; The ground is covered with white snow after the heavy snowfall.(大雪过后,地面被白雪覆盖。) 2. surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ n. 地面;表面 About 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water.(地球表面约71%被水覆盖。) 3. forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ n. 森林 考点:用搭配in the forest:表“在森林里”; We went hiking in the forest last weekend and saw many wild mushrooms.(上周末我们去森林徒步,看到了很多野生蘑菇。) 4. ground /ɡraʊnd/ n. 地面 考点:特指“室外地面”,与“floor”(室内地面)区分; The children are playing football on the ground in the park.(孩子们在公园的地上踢足球。) 5. rise /raɪz/ vi. 发源;上升,提高;n. 上升;增强;提高 考点1:作动词“上升、提高”,不规则变化(过去式rose,过去分词risen); The temperature will rise to 25℃ tomorrow.(明天气温将上升到25摄氏度。) 考点2:作动词“发源”,搭配rise from...表“发源..”.; The river rises from a small spring in the mountain.(这条河发源于山中的一眼小泉。) 考点3:作名词“上升、提高”; There has been a rise in the number of students joining the music club.(加入音乐俱乐部的学生人数有所增加。) 6. powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 力量大的;有影响力的 考点1:表“力量大的”,修饰“自然现象、人或机器”; The powerful wind blew down many trees in the park.(强风把公园里的很多树都吹倒了。) 考点2:表“有影响力的”,修饰“人、组织”,中高考“社会话题”常用; She is a powerful leader who has helped many people.(她是一位有影响力的领导者,帮助了很多人。) 7. survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi. 生存,存活 考点:“survive in + 环境”表“在特定环境中存活” Animals can’t survive in the desert. “survive on + 食物/资源”表“依靠特定食物 / 资源存活” We can survive on just water for a few days. 8. camp /kæmp/ vi. 露营;n. 营地 考点:作动词“露营”,常用搭配“go camping”(去露营); We plan to go camping by the lake this weekend.(我们计划这周末去湖边露营。) 考点2:作名词“营地”; There is a large camp for tourists near the mountain.(山附近有一个大型游客营地。) 9. treat /triːt/ vt.款待,对待,把…… 看作 / 视为;n. 乐事,款待 考点:搭配:treat sb. to sth:请某人吃 / 玩某物(to 后接食物、饮料或活动,如 dinner 晚餐、ice cream 冰淇淋、a movie 电影); Let’s go to the restaurant tonight—I will treat you to dinner.(今晚去餐厅吧,我请你吃饭。) treat sth./sb. as sth.:把…… 看作……(as 不可替换为 like,中高考易考搭配)。 Don’t treat this problem as a small matter—it may cause big trouble.(别把这个问题当成小事,它可能会引发大麻烦。) treat sb. with kindness/respect友善 / 尊重地对待某人 Everyone should treat others with kindness.(每个人都应友善待人。) a treat for sb/sth. 对某人/某事物的款待或奖励; My mom made a cake as a treat for my birthday.(妈妈做了一个蛋糕,作为我生日的款待。) 10. step /step/ n. 台阶,梯级;脚步声;步骤 考点1:表“台阶”,常用搭配“climb the steps”; Please be careful when you go up the steps—they are wet.(上台阶时请小心,它们是湿的。) 考点2:表“脚步声”; I heard steps outside the door—maybe my mom is back.(我听到门外有脚步声,可能是妈妈回来了。) 考点3:表“步骤”,常用搭配“the steps to do sth.”; Can you tell me the steps to make a fruit salad?(你能告诉我做水果沙拉的步骤吗?) Unit 7 Outdoor fun 1. cycling /ˈsaɪklɪŋ/ n. 骑自行车运动(或活动) “go + 动名词” 结构含义为 “去做某件事(运动 / 休闲) 考点:搭配“go cycling”; We usually go cycling in the park on weekends.(我们周末通常去公园骑自行车。) 2. horse riding n. 骑马 考点:搭配“go horse riding”; She tried horse riding for the first time during her trip to the countryside.(她去乡村旅行时第一次尝试骑马。) 3. skating /ˈskeɪtɪŋ/ n. 滑冰,溜冰 考点1:搭配“go skating”; The children are looking forward to going skating on the lake this winter.(孩子们期待着今年冬天去湖上滑冰。) 4. break /breɪk/ n. 间断,暂停;休息 考点1:搭配“have a break”“take a break” 休息一会儿 Let’s take a break after finishing this task.(完成这项任务后我们休息一下吧。) 考点2:搭配“a break in sth”表“间断、暂停” There was a break in the rain, so we went out for a walk.(雨停了一会儿,所以我们出去散步了。) 5. balance /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡能力;平衡 考点1:表“平衡能力”; Yoga can help improve your balance.(瑜伽有助于提高你的平衡能力。) He lost his balance and fell off the bike.(他失去了平衡,从自行车上摔了下来。) 考点2:表“平衡”,常用搭配“keep the balance of...”(保持……的平衡); It’s important to keep the balance of nature.(保持自然平衡很重要。) 6. might /maɪt/ modal v. 可能 考点1:“might” 后必须跟动词原形(do); It might rain tomorrow, so take an umbrella with you.(明天可能会下雨,所以带上伞吧。) 考点2:用于礼貌请求,常用“might I...”; Might I use your phone to make a call?(我可以用一下你的手机打电话吗?) 7. on one's own 独自;独立地 考点:可替换为“by oneself”; She can finish the project on her own.(她可以独自完成这个项目。) He went to the cinema on his own because his friends were busy.(因为朋友们很忙,他独自去了电影院。) 8. would /wʊd/ modal v. 将会,就会;愿意 考点1:表“将会、就会”,用于过去将来时或虚拟语气; She said she would visit us next month.(她说她下个月会来看我们。) 考点2:表“愿意”,用于礼貌请求或提议; Would you like to go for a walk with me?(你愿意和我一起去散步吗?) 9. experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ n. (一次)经历;经验 考点1:表“(一次)经历”,为可数名词; She had an exciting experience during her trip to Africa.(她去非洲旅行时有一次令人兴奋的经历。) 考点2:表“经验”,为不可数名词,常用搭配“have experience in sth.”; He has rich experience in teaching English.(他有丰富的英语教学经验。) 10. set off 出发 考点:搭配“set off for + 地点”表示“动身去某地”; We will set off for the campsite early tomorrow morning.(我们明天一早就出发去野营地。) 11. follow /ˈfɒləʊ/ vt. 遵循;vt.&vi. 跟随 考点1:表“跟随”,可接人或物; Please follow me, and I’ll show you the way to the library.(请跟着我,我带你去图书馆的路。) The little boy followed his mother closely in the crowd.(小男孩在人群中紧紧跟着妈妈。) 考点2:表“遵循”,常用搭配“follow the rules/instructions”; Everyone must follow the school rules.(每个人都必须遵守校规。) 12. detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ n. 具体情况;细节 考点:搭配“in detail”(详细地); The teacher explained the problem in detail so that everyone could understand.(老师详细地解释了这个问题,以便每个人都能理解。) Don’t forget to tell me all the details about your trip.(别忘了告诉我你旅行的所有细节。) 13. countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/ n. 农村,乡村 考点1:搭配“in the countryside”在农村;在乡村; My grandparents live in the countryside.(我的祖父母住在农村。) 14. lost /lɒst/ adj. 迷路的;丢失的 考点:搭配“get lost”迷路;走开(口语中表 “别烦我”); We got lost in the forest.(我们在森林里迷路了。)2. Go away and get lost!(走开,别烦我!) be lost in sth.沉迷于 / 专注于某事;迷路于某地 1He was lost in reading and didn’t hear the doorbell.(他沉迷于阅读,没听见门铃。) The hiker was lost in the mountains.(徒步旅行者在山里迷路了。) 15. worried /ˈwʌrid/ adj. 担心的,发愁的 搭配 1:be worried about + 人 / 事物(对某人 / 某事担心) My parents are worried about my grandma’s health.(我父母担心奶奶的健康。) 搭配 2:be worried + that 从句(担心某事会发生)“that” 可省略 She is worried (that) she can’t finish homework.(她担心完不成作业。) 16. cycle /ˈsaɪkl/ vi. 骑自行车 考点:不及物动词,搭配“cycle to + 地点”; He usually cycles to school because it’s good for the environment.(他通常骑自行车去上学,因为这对环境有益。) We cycled along the river for two hours yesterday.(昨天我们沿着河边骑了两个小时的自行车。) 17. arrive /əˈraɪv/ vi. 到达 考点:搭配“arrive in + 大地点”“arrive at + 小地点”; We will arrive in Beijing at 6 p.m. tomorrow.(我们明天下午6点到达北京。) She arrived at the station just in time for the train.(她及时到达车站赶上了火车。) 18. find out 查明,弄清(情况) 考点:固定短语,表“通过努力查明真相或情况”; She called the police to find out more about the accident.(她打电话给警察,想了解更多关于事故的情况。) 19. enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj. 令人愉快的 We had an enjoyable picnic by the lake last weekend.(上周末我们在湖边进行了一次令人愉快的野餐。) The movie we watched yesterday was very enjoyable.(我们昨天看的电影非常令人愉快。) 20. proud /praʊd/ adj. 自豪的 搭配1:be proud of sb/sth为某人 / 某事自豪 We are proud of our school.(我们为学校自豪。) 搭配2:be proud that...为某事发生自豪 She is proud that her brother is a doctor.(她为哥哥是医生感到自豪。) 搭配3:be proud to do sth为能做某事自豪 She is proud to be a volunteer.(她为成为一名志愿者感到自豪。) 21. hiking /ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ n. 远足,徒步旅行 考点1:指“长途徒步旅行”,常用搭配“go hiking”“; We are going hiking in the mountains next Saturday.(下周六我们要去山里远足。) 22. noon /nuːn/ n. 正午,中午 考点:搭配“at noon”在中午; We usually have lunch at noon.(我们通常在正午吃午饭。) 23. later /ˈleɪtə(r)/ adv. 后来,随后 考点:配“later on”(后来); I’ll call you later when I finish my work.(我完成工作后会给你打电话。) We met at the park in the morning. Later on, we went to watch a movie together.(我们早上在公园见了面,后来一起去看了电影。) 24. at first 起初 At first, I didn’t like English, but now I’m interested in it.(起初,我不喜欢英语,但现在我对它感兴趣了。) 25. skate /skeɪt/ n. (旱)冰鞋;vi. 滑冰 考点1:作名词“(旱)冰鞋”,常用搭配“a pair of skates”; He bought a new pair of skates for his daughter.(他给他女儿买了一双新旱冰鞋。) 考点2:作动词“滑冰”,常用搭配“go skating”; She can skate very well—she won the school skating competition.(她滑冰滑得很好,她赢得了学校的滑冰比赛。) 26. little by little 缓慢地,逐渐地 He improved his English little by little by reading every day.(他通过每天阅读,逐渐提高了他的英语水平。) 27. picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n. 野餐 考点:“have a picnic”“go on a picnic”去野餐; We are going to have a picnic in the park this Sunday.(这个周日我们要去公园野餐。) 28. because of /bɪˈkɒz əv/ prep. 因为 考点:后接名词、代词或名词短语,不能接句子; We couldn’t go out because of the heavy rain.(因为大雨,我们不能出去了。) 29. relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ adj. 放松的,冷静的 After the exam, I felt very relaxed.(考试后,我感到非常放松。) 30. while /waɪl/ n. 一段时间,一会儿;conj. 当……时候;然而 考点1:作名词,搭配“for a while”一会儿、一段时间; Can you wait for me for a while? I need to finish this letter.(你能等我一会儿吗?我需要写完这封信。) 考点2:作连词“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句; While I was reading, my mother came in.(当我正在读书时,妈妈进来了。) 考点3:作连词“然而”,表对比; He likes sports, while his brother prefers music.(他喜欢运动,而他的哥哥更喜欢音乐。) 补充:but直接转折,但是、可是(强调 “观点 / 事实与前文相反”,直接否定或补充相反信息) He is tired, but he still works.(他很累,但仍在工作。) 31. ever /ˈevə(r)/ adv. 在任何时候;曾经 考点1:用于疑问句、否定句和条件句,表“曾经”,常与现在完成时连用; Have you ever been to the Great Wall?(你曾经去过长城吗?) 考点2:用于“if ever”结构,表“如果有过的话”; He rarely goes out, if ever.(他很少外出,就算有也极少。) 32. focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ vi.&vt. 集中(注意力、精力于);聚焦(于) 考点1:搭配“focus on sth/doing sth”(集中注意力在某事/做某事上); We need to focus on our lessons in class and not look at our phones.(上课要集中注意力在功课上,不要看手机。) When facing difficulties, we should focus on finding solutions instead of complaining.(面对困难时,我们应该集中精力寻找解决方案,而不是抱怨。) 考点2:第三人称单数形式为“focuses”; She always focuses on improving her oral English.(她总是专注于提升英语口语。) 33. mind /maɪnd/ n. 头脑;思考能力;聪明人 考点1:表“头脑;思考能力”; She has a quick mind—she can solve math problems quickly.(她头脑灵活,能快速解数学题。) Reading books can enrich your mind and broaden your horizons.(读书能丰富你的思维,拓宽你的视野。) 考点2:表“聪明人”,搭配“a man/woman of great mind”指 “极具才智、思维敏锐的人”; Einstein was a man of great mind who changed the world with his theories.(爱因斯坦是位伟人,用他的理论改变了世界。) 34. roll out 展开 考点1:表“具体物品的展开”(如毯子、睡袋等); He rolled out the map to show us the route of our hiking trip.(他展开地图,给我们看徒步旅行的路线。) 考点2:表“抽象事物的推出”(如计划、产品等); The school rolled out a new after-school activity plan this semester.(学校这学期推出了一项新的课后活动计划。) 35. fall /fɔːl/ vi. 进入(某状态);落下,掉落;倒下 考点1::表“落下,掉落”,搭配“fall off sth”①从…… 表面掉落(物理动作);②(数量、质量、水平等)下降、减少。 物理掉落:The book fell off the desk when I passed by.(我路过时书从桌子上掉了下来。) 数量下降:Sales of this product have fallen off recently.(这款产品的销量最近下降了。) 考点2:表“进入某状态”,常用搭配“fall asleep”(入睡)、“fall ill”(生病); After a long day of hiking, she fell asleep as soon as she lay down.(徒步一天后,她一躺下就睡着了。) 考点3:表“倒下”,搭配“fall down”摔倒、跌倒; The old tree fell down in the strong wind last night.(昨晚那棵老树在大风中倒下了。) 36. asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着 考点1:仅作表语,不能作定语(区别于“sleepy”(困倦的)),常用搭配“fall asleep”(入睡)、“be asleep”(处于睡眠状态); Don’t wake her up—she fell asleep just now.(别叫醒她,她刚睡着。) I feel sleepy after drinking the warm milk.(喝了温牛奶后我觉得困了。) 37. chance /tʃɑːns/ n. 机会;可能性 考点1:表“机会”,常用搭配“have a chance to do sth.”(有机会做某事)、“get a chance”(得到机会); She has a chance to study abroad next year.(她明年有机会出国留学。) We finally have a chance to visit the museum.(我们终于有机会参观博物馆了。) 考点2:表“可能性”,常用搭配“the chance of (doing) sth.”(做某事的可能性); There’s little chance of raining tomorrow.(明天下雨的可能性很小。) 38. had better 应该,最好 考点1:had better do sth:最好……,主要用于表达“针对当前或即将发生的情况,给出建议、提醒或轻微警告”。 You had better go to bed early tonight—you have an exam tomorrow.(你今晚最好早点睡,明天要考试。) We had better take an umbrella—it looks like it’s going to rain.(我们最好带把伞,天看起来要下雨了。) 考点2:否定形式为“had better not + 动词原形”; You had better not play computer games before finishing your homework.(你最好完成作业再玩电脑游戏。) 39. thirsty /ˈθɜːsti/ adj. 口渴的 考点1:表“生理上口渴”,常用搭配“be thirsty”(口渴); After playing basketball for an hour, I’m very thirsty—can I have a glass of water?(打了一小时篮球后,我很渴,能给我一杯水吗?) 考点2:引申义“渴望的”,搭配“be thirsty for sth.”(渴望某物); She is thirsty for knowledge and reads books every day.(她渴望知识,每天都读书。) 40. no problem 没什么,不客气;没问题 — Thank you for helping me carry the bags!(谢谢你帮我拎包!) — No problem!(不客气!) 41. support /səˈpɔːt/ vt.&n. 帮助;支持;支撑 考点1:作动词“帮助;支持”,搭配“support sb. (in sth.)”(在某事上支持/帮助某人); My parents always support me in my hobbies, like painting and music.(父母一直支持我的爱好,比如画画和音乐。) She supported her family by working two jobs after her father passed away.(父亲去世后,她打两份工养家。) 考点2:作名词“帮助;支持”,搭配“give support to sb.”(给某人支持)、“get support from sb.”(从某人那里得到支持); We give support to the poor students by donating books and stationery.(我们通过捐赠书本和文具帮助贫困学生。) He got a lot of support from his friends when he was in trouble.(他遇到困难时,从朋友那里得到了很多支持。) 考点3:作动词“支撑”,表“承受重量”; The table is supported by four strong legs.(这张桌子由四条结实的腿支撑着。) Unit 8 Wonderland 1. adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n. 历险,奇遇 考点:搭配“have an adventure”表达 “体验冒险、进行探险活动” ; They will have an adventure in the mountains next month—they’re going to hike to the top and camp there.(下个月他们要去山里探险,打算徒步到山顶并在那里露营。) 2. partner /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ n. 搭档 考点:搭配 “work with a partner + on sth”(on sth 表 “合作的具体内容”),与一位搭档共同完成某项任务 / 工作 The teacher asked us to work with a partner on the science experiment to ensure safety.(老师让我们和搭档一起做科学实验,以确保安全。) 3. magic /ˈmædʒɪk/ n.魔法(超自然力量)、魔力(吸引人的特质);adj魔术的、有魔力的(仅修饰名词),无 “神奇的” 抽象含义) We watched a magic show last night— the magician made a rabbit disappear in seconds.(昨晚我们看了一场魔术表演,魔术师瞬间让兔子消失了。) 4. magical /ˈmædʒɪkl/ adj. 有魔力的;奇妙的 (可作定语 / 表语) 考点:搭配:be magical(是神奇的)、feel magical(感觉神奇)、sound magical(听起来神奇),侧重“令人感到神奇、美妙的主观体验”,修饰“场景、时刻”; The magical forest in the movie is full of glowing flowers and talking animals.(电影里的奇妙森林满是发光的花朵和会说话的动物。) Her voice sounds magical when she sings.(她唱歌时声音听起来很美妙。) 5. collection /kəˈlekʃn/ n. 作品集;收集物 考点:常用搭配“a collection of + 名词复数”表达 “一组、一批、一套(同类事物的集合)” 或 “(同类物品的)收藏品”; My grandfather has a collection of old stamps from over 50 countries.(我爷爷收藏了来自50多个国家的旧邮票。) 6. fantasy /ˈfæntəsi/ n. 奇幻小说;幻想,想象 考点 1:表 “奇幻作品” 时为可数名词,加 a/an。 She wrote a fantasy last year. 考点2:表 “幻想(泛指)” 时为不可数名词,不可加 a/an。 He is always lost in fantasy. 7. character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n. 人物,角色 Which character do you like best in the cartoon “Peppa Pig”?(你最喜欢《小猪佩奇》里的哪个角色?) 8. lend /lend/ vt. 借给,借出 考点:搭配“lend sb sth”或“lend sth to sb”,强调 “把物品借给他人”。 Can you lend me your math textbook? I forgot mine at home.(你能把数学课本借给我吗?我忘在家里了。) She lent her umbrella to a stranger who was caught in the rain.(她把伞借给了一个被雨淋的陌生人。) 区分“borrow st from sb/( 机构)” ,强调 “从他人 / 机构那里借入物品”。 Tom borrowed a bike from his friend to go to school.(汤姆向朋友借了一辆自行车去上学。) 从机构借:We often borrow magazines from the school reading room.(我们经常从学校阅览室借杂志。) 9. pass /pɑːs/ vi.&vt. 通过;结束;传递 考点1:表“通过(考试、关卡)”,搭配“pass an exam/test”; He studied hard and finally passed the English exam with a high score.(他努力学习,最终高分通过了英语考试。) 考点2:表“传递(物品)”,搭配“pass sb sth”或“pass sth to sb”; Please pass me the salt—I need it for my soup.(请把盐递给我,我喝汤需要。) 考点3:表“(时间)结束”,搭配“pass quickly/slowly”; The summer holiday passed quickly, and we had to go back to school.(暑假过得很快,我们不得不回学校了。) 10. pass by 经过,通过 考点:表“从某地旁边经过”; I passed by a small park on my way to school this morning.(今天早上我上学路上经过一个小公园。) 11. hit /hɪt/ vt.&vi. 碰撞;击,打;打击 考点1:表“碰撞(某物/某人)”,搭配“hit sth/sb”; He wasn’t looking and hit his head on the door.(他没看路,头撞到了门上。) 考点2:表“击打(球、物体)”,搭配“hit a ball”; The boy hit the baseball so hard that it flew over the fence.(男孩用力击球,球飞过了栅栏。) 考点3:表“(情感、事件)打击”,搭配“hit sb hard”; The bad news hit her hard—she cried for a long time.(坏消息对她打击很大,她哭了很久。) 12. locked /lɒkt/ adj. 锁住的 考点:表“被锁上的”,常用搭配“be locked”; When I got home, I found the door was locked—my mom forgot to leave the key.(我回家时发现门锁着,妈妈忘了留钥匙。) 13. fit /fɪt/ vt.&vi. 适合 考点1:表“(衣物)合身”,搭配“fit sb.”; This dress doesn’t fit me anymore—I’ve grown taller.(这条裙子我穿不合身了,我长高了。) 考点2:表“适合(某职位、场合)”,搭配“fit sth.”; She is very smart and fits the job of a teacher perfectly.(她很聪明,非常适合当老师。) 14. lock /lɒk/ n. 锁 考点:指“锁具”,常用搭配“open the lock”“close the lock”“a key to the lock”; I lost the key to the lock, so we can’t open the box.(我弄丢了锁的钥匙,打不开盒子了。) He put a new lock on the door to keep his room safe.(他在门上装了新锁,确保房间安全。) 15. notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ vt.&vi. 注意到;留意 考点1:搭配“notice sb do sth”(注意到某人做某事的全过程)、“notice sb doing sth”(注意到某人正在做某事); I noticed her cry when she read the letter.(我看到她读信时哭了。) He noticed a man standing outside the shop when he walked past.(他路过时注意到一个男人站在商店外面。) 16. happen /ˈhæpən/ vi. 发生,出现 考点1:无被动语态,常用搭配“happen to sb/sth”(某事发生在某人/某物身上)、“happen to do sth.”(碰巧做某事); A terrible accident happened to his brother last week.(上周他哥哥遭遇了一场可怕的事故。) I happened to meet my old friend in the supermarket.(我碰巧在超市遇到了老朋友。) 17. series /ˈsɪəriːz/ n. (pl. series) 连续剧;(书、文章等的)系列;一系列 考点:单复数同形,常用搭配“a series of + 名词复数”,表 “一系列、一连串......” ; The author published a series of articles about environmental protection.(作者发表了一系列关于环境保护的文章。) 18. just /dʒʌst/ adv. 刚才,方才 考点:常与一般过去时连用,表“刚刚发生的动作”; I just saw your sister in the park—she was playing with her friends.(我刚才在公园看到你妹妹了,她在和朋友玩。) 19. if /ɪf/ conj. 如果;是否;即使 考点1:引导条件状语从句(表 “如果”)。 (一)真实条件句,主句用 “将来时 / 情态动词(can/may/must)/ 祈使句”,从句用 “一般现在时”(从句不用将来时) If you study hard, you will pass the exam.(如果你努力学习,就能通过考试。)(主句 will+do,从句一般现在时) If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out. (二)虚拟条件句,假设的情况 “不可能实现” 或 “与事实相反”(表遗憾、愿望、假想),从句时态 “倒退一级”,主句用 “would/could/should/might + 动词原形”,分三种时间维度(现在、过去、将来): If I were rich, I would buy a big house. 考点2:引导宾语从句(表 “是否”) “if” 引导宾语从句时,含义为 “是否”,常作动词(如 know/ask/wonder)或介词(如 about)的宾语,宾语从句无论是否表疑问,都必须用 “主语在前、谓语在后” 的陈述语序。 I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.(陈述语序) 考点2:引导让步状语从句(表 “即使”),主从句时态根据实际情况判断 If it rains, we will still go hiking.(即使下雨,我们还是会去徒步。) He won’t give up if he fails 100 times.(即使失败 100 次,他也不会放弃。) 20. be born /bɔːn/ 出生;出现 考点1:“be born in + 年份/地点”“be born on + 具体日期”; My best friend was born in 2006.(我最好的朋友 2006 年出生。) My cousin was born in Canada,but she lives in China now.(我表妹在加拿大出生,但现在住在中国。) I was born on June 8th, 2009.(我 2009 年 6 月 8 日出生。) 21. lose /luːz/ vt. 失去,丧失 考点:“lose sth.”(丢失某物)、“lose one’s way”(迷路)、“lose a game”(输掉比赛); I lost my wallet on the bus this morning—there was a lot of money in it.(今天早上我在公交车上丢了钱包,里面有很多钱。) We lost our way in the forest because of the thick fog.(因为大雾,我们在森林里迷路了。) 22. publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ vt. 出版;发表(作品) His new novel will be published by a famous press next month.(他的新小说将于下个月由一家知名出版社出版。) She published an article about animal protection in a science magazine.(她在一本科学杂志上发表了一篇关于动物保护的文章。) 23. die /daɪ/ vi. 死,死亡;消失 考点:“die of + 疾病/衰老(自身原因)”、“die from + 事故/灾害(外部原因)”; The old man died of a heart disease last winter.(这位老人去年冬天死于心脏病。) Many trees died from the serious drought last year.(去年很多树死于严重的干旱。) 24. guide /ɡaɪd/ n. 指南;导游 考点1:表“指南”,搭配“a travel guide”(旅游指南)、“a study guide”(学习指南); This travel guide tells us all the interesting places to visit in Shanghai.(这本旅游指南告诉我们上海所有值得参观的景点。) 考点2:表“导游”,搭配“a tour guide”; Our guide took us around the Forbidden City and told us many historical stories.(导游带我们参观了故宫,给我们讲了很多历史故事。) 25. set /set/ vt. 为…设置背景于;创立 考点1:表“为(故事、电影)设置背景”,搭配“set sth. in + 时间/地点”; The movie is set in London in the 19th century.(这部电影以19世纪的伦敦为背景。) 考点2:表“创立、建立”,搭配“set up + 组织/机构”; They set up a charity to help homeless children last year.(去年他们创立了一个慈善机构,帮助无家可归的孩子。) 26. while /waɪl/ conj.  “当…… 时”“然而”“虽然”n.“一会儿” 考点1:表“当......时”,引导时间状语从句,主句常用进行时态,表“两个动作同时发生”; 接延续性动词(如 read/cook/play) While my mom was cooking dinner, I was doing my English homework.(妈妈做饭时,我在做英语作业。) 考点2:表 “然而”:引导对比状语从句,表 “前后两个事物 / 情况的对比差异”(无转折的 “但是” 含义,仅客观对比) 兴趣对比:Tom likes playing basketball, while his sister likes playing the piano.(汤姆喜欢打篮球,而他妹妹喜欢弹钢琴。) 情况对比:It’s hot in the south of China in summer, while it’s cool in the north.(中国南方夏天很热,而北方很凉爽。) 行为对比:He often gets up early, while I always get up late on weekends.(他经常早起,而我周末总起得晚。) 考点2:,表 “虽然”:引导让步状语从句,表 “转折让步”(相当于 though,含义为 “虽然 / 尽管”,但语气更弱)。必须位于句首,不可与 but 连用 能力与年龄对比:While he is only 10, he can speak three languages.(虽然他只有 10 岁,但会说三种语言。)(句首 + 让步逻辑) 条件与结果对比:While the task is difficult, we will try our best to finish it.(虽然任务很难,但我们会尽力完成。) 考点4:名词,表 “一会儿”。wait for a while等一会儿 Please wait for a while—the teacher will come soon.(请等一会儿,老师马上来。) 27. fill /fɪl/ vt.&vi. (使)充满,填满 考点:“fill sth with sth”(用某物填满某物); She filled the glass with water and gave it to the thirsty boy.(她把杯子装满水,递给了口渴的男孩。) 被动语态:be filled with(表 “某物被…… 填满” The room was filled with laughter when the clown came in.(小丑进来时,房间里充满了笑声。) The box was filled with gifts on her birthday.(她生日那天,盒子里装满了礼物。) 28. give up 放弃 考点:搭配“give up doing sth.”(放弃做某事); He decided to give up smoking because it’s bad for his health.(他决定戒烟,因为吸烟对健康不好。) Never give up your dreams, even when you face difficulties.(即使面对困难,也永远不要放弃梦想。) 29. in the face of 面对(困难等) 考点1:表“在困难、危险等面前”,中高考“励志、勇气”话题常用; In the face of failure, she never lost hope and tried again.(面对失败,她从未失去希望,而是再次尝试。) He remained calm in the face of the dangerous situation.(面对危险的情况,他保持冷静。) 30. task /tɑːsk/ n. 任务,工作 考点:常用搭配“finish a task”“complete a task”“a difficult task”; The teacher gave us a task to write a short story about our summer holiday.(老师给我们布置了一个任务,写一篇关于暑假的小故事。) He spent two hours finishing the task of cleaning his room.(他花了两个小时完成打扫房间的任务。) 31. goal /ɡəʊl/ n. 目标 考点:常用搭配“set a goal”(设定目标)、“achieve a goal”(实现目标); She set a goal to learn 50 new English words every week.(她设定了一个目标,每周学50个新英语单词。) With hard work, he finally achieved his goal of becoming a doctor.(通过努力,他最终实现了成为医生的目标。) 32. note /nəʊt/ n. 便条;笔记;音符 考点:表“便条”,搭配“leave a note”; I left a note for my mom telling her I would be back late.(我给妈妈留了张便条,告诉她我会晚点回来。) 考点2:表“笔记”,搭配“take notes”; We should take notes in class to remember important knowledge.(我们应该在课堂上记笔记,记住重要的知识。) 考点3:表“音符”,搭配“music notes”; The little girl can read music notes and play the piano well.(这个小女孩能看懂音符,钢琴弹得很好。) 33. decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ vt.&vi. 决定 考点1:常用搭配“decide to do sth.”(决定做某事)、“decide on sth.”(就某事做决定); She decided to study abroad after graduating from high school.(她决定高中毕业后出国留学。) We haven’t decided on the time for the meeting yet.(我们还没确定会议的时间。) 34. enter /ˈentə(r)/ vt.&vi. 进入 考点1:搭配“enter a room/building”(进入房间/建筑)、“enter a competition”(参加比赛); He entered the classroom quietly so as not to disturb the teacher.(他安静地进入教室,以免打扰老师。) She entered a singing competition and won first prize.(她参加了一场歌唱比赛,获得了一等奖。) 35. towards /təˈwɔːdz/ prep. (AmE toward) 向,朝 考点1:表“朝某方向移动”,搭配“walk towards”“run towards”; The little boy ran towards his mom when he saw her.(小男孩看到妈妈时,朝她跑了过去。) We walked towards the park after dinner.(晚饭后我们朝公园走去。) 36. too...to... 太…而不能… 考点1:固定结构,“too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth.”,表“因程度过重而不能做某事”; He is too young to drive a car—he’s only 15 years old.(他太年轻了,不能开车,他才15岁。) The box is too heavy to carry by myself.(这个箱子太重了,我自己搬不动。) 37. reach /riːtʃ/ vt. 够得着;抵达;实现;达到 考点1:表“够得着”,搭配“reach sth.”; The shelf is too high—I can’t reach the book on it.(书架太高了,我够不到上面的书。) 考点2:表“抵达”,搭配“reach a place”; We reached Beijing at 8 o’clock in the evening.(我们晚上8点抵达北京。) 考点3:表“实现、达到”,搭配“reach a goal/level”; She worked hard to reach her goal of becoming a top student.(她努力学习,实现了成为优等生的目标。) 38. fail /feɪl/ vi.&vt. 失败,未能(做到);不及格 考点1:表“未能做某事”,搭配“fail to do sth”; He failed to arrive on time because his train was delayed.(他没能按时到,因为火车晚点了。) 考点2:表“(考试)不及格”,搭配“fail an exam/test”; She failed her math exam and had to take it again.(她数学考试不及格,不得不重考。) ( — 1 — ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Units 1~8单词考点讲义  2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册
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Units 1~8单词考点讲义  2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册
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Units 1~8单词考点讲义  2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册
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