专题15 记叙文完形 —— 情节线与情感线追踪 （培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

该高中英语讲义聚焦记叙文与夹叙夹议文完形，围绕情节时空线索、人物情感变化、语境多维识别等核心考点，按考情精析、考点深解、解题优化逻辑架构，通过考点梳理、方法指导、真题训练及变式巩固，帮助学生突破情节逻辑与情感误判等瓶颈，体现复习系统性与针对性。 资料创新采用“双线追踪”教学法，结合“三向定位”语境识别与“情感-行为”对应库，培养学生语言能力与思维品质，如通过符号标注情感曲线精准分析易混情绪。设置典例精析与分层练习，助力学生构建语篇分析框架，为教师提供考点突破策略，高效提升应考能力。

专题15 记叙文+夹叙夹议文完形 —— 情节线与情感线追踪 目录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】情节发展的时空线索追踪 【考点02】人物情感的动态变化分析 【考点03】语境线索的多维识别技巧 【考点04】文化背景知识的融合运用 【考点05】篇章结构的整体把握能力 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】情节发展逻辑题 【题型02】情感态度推断题 【题型03】语境词汇复现题 【题型04】篇章主旨理解题 【题型05】文化背景推断题 核心考向聚焦 核心价值：落实立德树人根本任务，通过真实、温暖、有成长性的记叙类语篇，引导学生理解人性善意、责任担当、文化共情与自我反思，培养积极人生态度和跨文化理解力。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力： ✅整体理解能力：把握记叙文“起因—发展—高潮—结局”结构； ✅ 双线追踪能力：同步梳理情节推进线与人物情感变化线； ✅ 语境推理能力：基于上下文线索（复现、指代、逻辑连接）精准选词； ✅ 文化意识与价值观判断力：理解西方语境中的行为动机与情感表达方式。 培优瓶颈： 🔸 只见树木，不见森林：过度关注单句语法或词汇辨析，忽视全文脉络； 🔸 情感误判：混淆相似情绪（如 embarrassed vs ashamed, disappointed vs discouraged）； 🔸 文化隔阂：对道歉、助人、独立等西方常见行为逻辑缺乏认知； 🔸 夹叙夹议识别弱：忽略议论句（作者观点/感悟），导致主旨题失分。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测： 🔹 记叙文仍为主流，夹叙夹议比重稳中有升，强调“故事+启示”双要素； 🔹 情感描写更细腻，心理动词与副词设空增多（如 hesitantly, reluctantly, tearfully）； 🔹 文化融合类题材受青睐（如跨代沟通、社区互助、环保行动）； 🔹 首尾呼应、主旨升华类题目区分度高，将成为拉分关键。 策略： ✨ 双线图解法：通读时用“→”标情节节点，用“↑↓”标情感起伏； ✨ 三遍阅读法： 　　① 首遍速读抓主线（5分钟内）； 　　② 二遍细读填空，紧扣上下文； 　　③ 三遍回读验证情感与逻辑一致性； ✨ 建立“情感-行为”对应库（如：guilty → avoid eye contact / apologize；proud → stand tall / smile softly）； ✨ 积累高频文化场景：道歉文化、志愿服务、家庭对话、校园成长等。 ◇考点 01 情节发展的时空线索追踪 记叙文的情节发展遵循一定的时空逻辑，时间顺序和空间转换是推动故事前进的基本框架。准确追踪时空线索，能够帮助学生把握故事的发展脉络，预测后续情节，为解题提供重要依据。时空线索通常通过时间状语、地点状语、动作序列等语言标记体现，需要学生具备敏锐的识别能力和逻辑梳理能力。 时空线索追踪体系 时间线索识别 显性时间标记：具体时间（年/月/日）、时间副词（then, later, finally） 隐性时间暗示：时态变化（过去时→现在时）、动作先后顺序 时间逻辑关系：顺承、转折、因果、对比 空间线索分析 地点转换标记：方位词（here, there, above）、移动动词（go, come, return） 场景切换信号：环境描写、新人物出现、事件转换 空间关系类型：并列、包含、对比、转换 时空线索整合策略 绘制简易时间轴：标注关键事件节点 建立空间关系图：明确场景转换逻辑 关联时空与事件：分析时空变化对情节的影响 遇到涉及时间或地点的题目时，应立即在脑海中构建"时空坐标"，将当前空格置于整体时空框架中分析。特别注意表示时间转换的连接词（如however, suddenly, meanwhile）和地点转换的过渡句，这些往往是情节发展的转折点，也是解题的关键信息点。 ◇考点 02 人物情感的动态变化分析 人物情感是记叙文和夹叙夹议文的灵魂，情感的动态变化反映了人物在特定情境下的心理活动和价值取向。高考完形填空常通过考查情感形容词、副词或动词来检验学生对人物内心世界的把握能力。情感变化往往与情节发展紧密相连，形成"事件发生→情感反应→行为选择"的逻辑链条。 情感变化分析框架 情感表现形式 直接表达：情感形容词（happy, sad, surprised） 间接暗示：行为描写（smile, cry, sigh）、环境烘托 语言标志：感叹句、反问句、心理描写 情感变化模式 单一情感深化：如从"好奇"到"痴迷" 对立情感转换：如从"绝望"到"希望" 复合情感交织：如"既惊讶又感动" 情感分析方法 定位情感触发点：识别引发情感变化的关键事件 建立情感变化曲线：梳理情感发展脉络 关联情感与行为：分析情感对人物行为的影响 在阅读过程中，建议用符号标注人物情感变化（如↑表示积极情感提升，↓表示消极情感加剧），形成可视化的情感轨迹。特别关注情感转折点前后的语境，通常会有表示转折、递进或因果关系的连接词（如but, however, therefore）作为情感变化的信号。 ◇考点 03 语境线索的多维识别技巧 语境线索是完形填空解题的核心依据，包括上下文语义、逻辑关系、文化背景等多个维度。二轮复习需突破"孤立看空格"的局限，建立"全方位语境扫描"的思维模式，从词语、句子、段落三个层面提取有效信息，形成解题的证据链。语境线索的识别能力直接决定了解题的准确率和效率。 语境线索识别体系 语义线索 同义/近义复现：上下文出现的同义词或近义词 反义对比：上下文出现的反义词或对比关系 词汇搭配：固定短语、习惯表达、主谓/动宾搭配 逻辑线索 因果关系：because, so, therefore, as a result 转折关系：but, however, yet, instead 递进关系：besides, moreover, furthermore 条件关系：if, unless, in case 结构线索 平行结构：排比句、对称句式中的结构一致 指代关系：it, they, this, that等代词的指代对象 篇章结构：总-分、分-总、对比、例证等结构模式 ：遇到不确定的空格时，采用"三向定位法"——向前看（上文已提供的信息）、向后看（下文将要出现的信息）、向中间看（空格所在句子的内部逻辑）。特别注意"词汇链"现象，即围绕同一主题的相关词汇会在上下文中重复出现，形成语义场，这是解题的重要线索。 ◇考点 04 文化背景知识的融合运用 高考完形填空的语篇材料常涉及不同国家和地区的文化背景、风俗习惯、价值观念等内容。文化背景知识的缺乏可能导致对文章内容的误读，影响解题准确性。二轮复习需系统梳理英语国家文化常识，培养跨文化意识，学会从文化视角解读人物行为和情节发展，避免用母语文化思维理解英语语境。 文化背景知识体系 日常习俗文化 社交礼仪：问候方式、餐桌礼仪、礼物赠送 节日庆典：圣诞节、感恩节、复活节等传统节日 生活习惯：饮食偏好、时间观念、社交距离 价值观念文化 个人主义与集体主义的差异 隐私观念与人际关系处理方式 竞争意识与合作精神的表现 文化符号理解 颜色象征意义：如白色在西方代表纯洁，在东方代表哀悼 动物文化寓意：如狗在西方象征忠诚，在某些文化中可能有负面含义 数字文化内涵：如13在西方文化中的禁忌含义 ：在阅读过程中，遇到涉及文化差异的内容时，应立即激活相关文化知识储备，避免"文化过滤"现象（即用母语文化解读目标语文化）。对于不熟悉的文化现象，可通过上下文语境进行推理，关注文中人物的反应和评价，以此作为理解文化背景的线索。 ◇考点 05 篇章结构的整体把握能力 1. 形容词转化为名词后缀 2. 常考的不可数名词 3. 名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况 篇章结构是文章的骨架，决定了内容的组织方式和信息的呈现顺序。记叙文和夹叙夹议文通常具有清晰的结构模式，如"开端-发展-高潮-结局"的叙事结构，或"叙事-议论-升华"的夹叙夹议结构。整体把握篇章结构有助于学生从宏观角度理解文章主旨，识别段落间的逻辑关系，为微观解题提供宏观指导。 篇章结构分析框架 记叙文结构模式 线性叙事：按时间顺序展开，如顺叙、倒叙、插叙 非线性叙事：多线索并行、时空交错等复杂叙事方式 关键结构要素：背景介绍、冲突产生、发展过程、解决方式、结局 夹叙夹议文结构模式 叙事引出观点：故事+议论+总结 观点统帅叙事：论点+故事例证+深化观点 叙事议论交织：边叙述边评论，观点随故事发展逐步呈现 篇章结构分析方法 段落功能识别：主题段、过渡段、总结段 信号词定位：识别表示结构转换的连接词 主旨句提炼：找出各段主题句，构建文章主旨框架 篇章结构图绘制：用思维导图呈现文章结构关系 建议采用"两遍阅读法"——第一遍快速阅读，关注文章整体结构和主旨大意，不纠结于个别空格；第二遍精读，结合对篇章结构的理解，逐空分析解题。特别注意文章首尾段的呼应关系，以及各段落之间的过渡句，这些往往包含重要的结构信息和解题线索。 ◇题型 01 情节发展逻辑题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1（2025年全国一卷）One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us. 41．A．painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 42．A．hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 43．A．store B．display C．sell D．repair 44．A．covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 45．A．conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 46．A．fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 47．A．move B．pay C．market D．work 48．A．warning B．request C．description D．reply 49．A．Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 50．A．visits B．reports C．advice D．money 51．A．remove B．spare C．find D．check 52．A．investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 53．A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 54．A．joy B．part C．care D．time 55．A．anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 【答案】 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。 41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；D. pulling down 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。 情节逻辑：开篇说卖房，且后文详细描述处理物品（捐赠、租仓库存放、网上售卖），因此当前阶段的核心动作必然是“清空”住了23年的房子。这是整个故事的前提。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋；D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。 情节逻辑：前文说“卖了房子”，要搬到“城里”。根据生活常识和词汇搭配，从house搬到城里的通常是apartment（公寓）。这是搬家目标地的合理推断。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。 情节逻辑：前文决定了对关键物品的安排，后文“rented a place”（租了个地方）的目的，对于“我们认为重要的物件”最合理的动作就是“储存”，而不是展示、售卖或维修。这是为推进情节而采取的具体行动。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上文“rented a place to 3 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；B. photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase”及“additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。A. move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。 情节逻辑：全文核心事件是“搬家”。随着“我们”搬家的日子临近，处理物品变得紧迫。此空需要指代这个核心事件，使时间线索明确。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及下文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣的；C. Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。 情节逻辑：前文提到物品“不属于垃圾填埋场”，此处“每次交换都提供了一个机会来______垃圾填埋场”。根据环保和情节逻辑，将物品赠予他人再利用，就是为了“使…免于”或“节省”垃圾填埋空间。这是一个直接的因果目的。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended 推荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。 情节逻辑：搬到公寓后，“我”喜爱的是与我们共享小空间的每一件______。回顾全文，故事围绕处理“物品”展开，最终带到新家的自然是所剩的“物品/财物”。这是对故事核心对象（物品）的最终呼应。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving each of the 13 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“I take 13 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。 典例2【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____. I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历，并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 情节逻辑：首句总起提到“被他人的成就所激励”。下文“我感到有动力”的直接原因，必然是邻居朋友取得了某项成就。在马拉松中，“赢得”比赛是最直接的“成就”，构成了激励“我”的起因。 【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。 情节逻辑：受到“赢得马拉松”的激励后，最合理的行为反应是开始定期、有规律地跑步，而不是“沉默地”、“骄傲地”或“最近”才跑。这是模仿成功者、开启新行动的典型方式。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。 情节逻辑：女孩提到一个“超级（双倍）马拉松”，根据常识，为这种极限赛事所做的准备就是“训练”。这个信息是导致“我”感到自身目标渺小的直接情节转折点。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。 情节逻辑：前文描述“我跑了最长的15英里”，后文紧接着说“在女孩让我的...显得渺小以及纯粹的无聊之间，我决定...”。此处需要一个对15英里跑步体验的直接情感总结，以解释为何放弃。“讨厌它”是最直接、最合理的，完美衔接前后的挫败感。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。 情节逻辑：这是对“我决定不再跑步”的幽默且合乎逻辑的强化。“唯一再次跑步的______”只能是“理由”。前后文构成“放弃—除非有极端理由”的经典逻辑结构。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向；D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only 6 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到；B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。 情节逻辑：跑步尝试失败后，情节自然要转向新的活动。这是叙述个人经历时常见的情节推进逻辑：“放弃A → 转向B”。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成；B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。 情节逻辑：拜访姐姐时，姐姐在上班，“我”想骑车。最合理、最自然的动作就是“借用”姐姐的自行车。这是推动“骑车”子情节发展的必要且合乎常理的动作。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A项。 情节逻辑：冒号后详细描述了地形带来的巨大困难。因此，冒号前的词需要概括性地指出这就是所面临的“问题”。这是对后文具体描述的逻辑总领。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers危险；B. events事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故选D项。 情节逻辑：前句描述了“长途上坡”的具体困难，此空需要对其性质进行概括。“我从未面对过这样的______”，根据上文，最合理的概括就是“挑战”。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。 情节逻辑：在艰难的上坡路上，“我”被100个当地骑手超越，这是符合骑行场景的常见且合理的结果，也是导致“我”骑车热情受挫的直接情节。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 　　12　　by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 　　15　　 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合语境。故选C项。 情节逻辑：这是全文的主题句和逻辑终点。文章通过两次尝试（跑步、骑车）受挫的经历，最终得出的感悟是关于为自己设定“目标”。这是情节发展最终导向的抽象总结，与开头的“被他人的成就激励”形成闭环。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【湖南省名校联盟联考2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语】 In Victoria, 33-year-old Brianna Hurst risked her own safety to save the lives of three drowning strangers. The event 21 near Apollo Bay on Sunday afternoon. As the sunny afternoon took a dark turn, Brianna Hurst found herself 22 turned into the role of a hero. Sitting alone on the beach, she heard the panicked 23 of a swimmer who had managed to reach the shore. Without hesitation, Hurst 24 towards the water and dived in, swimming towards the three struggling men. “I went to the one that was 25 to me,” she recounted. “I had to swim out about 20m to get him.” Not frightened by the 26 , Hurst pulled each unconscious (昏迷的) man to safety one by one. With each rescue, 27 anything, she risked her own safety to bring the trapped swimmers back to shore. “At first there were not many other people on the beach, but by the time I was 28 the third person out, they saw what was happening and came to help,” Hurst recalled. 29 with other concerned beachgoers, Hurst performed CPR (心肺复苏术) until 30 workers arrived on the scene. Unfortunately, despite their best efforts, one of the men could not 31 and died of the suffering. However, the quick actions of Brianna Hurst undoubtedly saved the 32 of the other two men, aged 23 and 24, who are currently 33 in hospital. Acting Senior Sergeant Stephen Bull 34 Hurst’s courageous efforts, acknowledging the undeniable impact of her selfless 35 . 21．A．fell B．lay C．unfolded D．located 22．A．unaffectedly B．unexpectedly C．unconditionally D．undoubtedly 23．A．laughter B．whisper C．cheers D．cries 24．A．turned B．came C．pointed D．rushed 25．A．slowest B．biggest C．closest D．youngest 26．A．events B．waves C．strangers D．challenges 27．A．setting aside B．thinking over C．turning to D．giving up 28．A．letting B．pulling C．bringing D．making 29．A．Working B．Comparing C．Agreeing D．Taking 30．A．medical B．commercial C．technical D．social 31．A．wait B．survive C．insist D．walk 32．A．trouble B．lives C．strengths D．dignity 33．A．training B．volunteering C．operating D．recovering 34．A．imagined B．inspired C．praised D．described 35．A．concerns B．words C．act D．love 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．D 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了33岁的布里安娜·赫斯特在阿波罗湾冒着生命危险救起三名溺水者，最终两人获救，一人不幸身亡，她的英勇行为受到警方表彰。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这起事件于周日下午在阿波罗湾附近发生。A. fell掉落；B. lay放置；C. unfolded展开，（事件）逐步发展；D. located找到……的准确位置，位于。根据空后“near Apollo Bay on Sunday afternoon”可知，此处指事件发生于阿波罗湾附近。注意locate表“位于”时需用被动，因此排除。故选C。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着晴朗的下午突然变天，布里安娜・赫斯特发现自己意外地变成了英雄的角色。A. unaffectedly真挚地；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. unconditionally无条件地；D. undoubtedly无疑地。根据空后“turned into the role of a hero”再结合全文可知，救人属于意外，所以是发现自己意外地变成了一个英雄的角色。故选B。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她独自坐在海滩上，听到了一名成功上岸的游泳者惊慌的呼喊声。A. laughter笑声；B. whisper低语；C. cheers欢呼；D. cries叫喊。根据空后“of a swimmer who had managed to reach the shore”及下文“the three struggling men”可知，有人落水，游泳者游到岸边，惊慌失措的叫喊声被她听到了。故选D。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：赫斯特毫不犹豫地冲向水边，潜入水中，朝着那三个挣扎的男子游去。A. turned转向；B. came来到；C. pointed指向；D. rushed冲去。根据后文“towards the water and dived in, swimming towards the three struggling men”可知，有人落水，要救人，赫斯特毫不犹豫地冲到水里，向那三个挣扎的人游去。故选D。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我先去了离我最近的那个人身边，” 她回忆道。A. slowest最慢的；B. biggest最大的；C. closest最近的；D. youngest最年轻的。根据下文“I had to swim out about 20m to get him.”及常识可知，救人先救离自己最近的那一个，故选C。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：赫斯特没有被挑战吓到，逐一将每个昏迷的男子拉到了安全地带。A. events事件；B. waves海浪；C. strangers陌生人；D. challenges挑战。根据空后“Hurst pulled each unconscious man to safety one by one.”可知，她面临挑战，冷静救人，没有被当时的情况所吓倒。故选D。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每次救援时，她都不顾一切，冒着自身的安全风险将受困游泳者带回岸边。A. setting aside搁置，置……于不顾；B. thinking over仔细考虑；C. turning to求助于；D. giving up放弃。根据空后“she risked her own safety to bring the trapped swimmers back to shore.”可知，她不顾一切，冒着生命危险把被困的游泳者带回岸边。故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“起初海滩上没有太多人，但当我把第三个人拉出来时，他们看到了正在发生的事情，便赶来帮忙，”赫斯特回忆道。A. letting让；B. pulling拉；C. bringing带来；D. making制造。根据上文“bring the trapped swimmers back to shore”及空后“the third person out”可知，此处是指把第三个人从水里拉出来。故选B。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：赫斯特与其他忧心的海滩游客一起实施心肺复苏术，直到医护人员抵达现场。A. Working工作；B. Comparing比较；C. Agreeing同意；D. Taking拿取。根据上文“they saw what was happening and came to help”可知，其他人也跑来帮忙，他们一起合作来救人。故选A。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：赫斯特与其他忧心的海滩游客一起实施心肺复苏术，直到医护人员抵达现场。A. medical医疗的；B. commercial商业的；C. technical技术的；D. social社会的。根据空后“workers arrived on the scene”及常识可知，有人落水，应该是医务人员赶到了现场。故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，尽管他们尽了最大努力，其中一名男子仍未能幸免于难，因伤势过重死亡。A. wait等待；B. survive存活；C. insist坚持；D. walk行走。根据空后“and died of the suffering”可知，此处指其中一个人还是没能活下来，故选B。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，布里安娜・赫斯特的迅速行动无疑挽救了另外两名23岁和24岁男子的生命。A. trouble麻烦；B. lives生命；C. strengths力量；D. dignity尊严。根据第一段中“save the lives of three drowning strangers”可知，赫斯特挽救了另外两名男子的生命，故选B。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，布里安娜・赫斯特的迅速行动无疑挽救了另外两名23岁和24岁男子的生命，他们目前正在医院康复。A. training训练；B. volunteering自愿做；C. operating操作；D. recovering恢复。根据空后“in hospital”及常识可知，另外两个人刚历经生死边缘，应正在医院里康复。故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：代理高级警长斯蒂芬・布尔赞扬了赫斯特的勇敢举动，认可了她无私行为所产生的不可否认的影响。A. imagined想象；B. inspired启发；C. praised赞扬；D. described描述。根据空后“Hurst’s courageous efforts”及结合全文可知，赫斯特不顾性命，英勇救人，其勇敢的努力得到了警长的赞扬。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：代理高级警长斯蒂芬・布尔赞扬了赫斯特的勇敢举动，认可了她无私行为所产生的不可否认的影响。A. concerns关心；B. words话语；C. act行为；D. love爱。根据空前“acknowledging the undeniable impact of her selfless”及结合全文可知，赫斯特不顾性命，英勇救人，这是一种无私的行为。故选C。 变式2【福建省百校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题】 Recently, I found myself constantly 21 my phone during daily life. There was no real reason, just a feeling of being 22 to the digital world. I 23 that both children and parents today live in a culture of constant stress. We have more 24 than ever, but less time to think about it. We receive endless parenting advice online and feel 25 to be perfect in every way. This is especially 26 for mothers, who often feel they must do more and be more, which leads to constant comparison and 27 . I tried to 28 everything perfectly at home and in life. I often looked at social media and 29 that I wasn’t doing enough. It was hard to 30 being present with my children and trying to achieve more. But I started to 31 what children really need. Maybe they don’t need a perfect life—they just need a calm and caring parent. Now I try to choose a 32 way of parenting. I focus on being intentional rather than trying to do too much. Sometimes I feel 33 of not meeting society’s expectations. I want my children to remember happy 34 , not perfect ones. When I feel anxious, I 35 myself that my children need a healthy and present mother, not a perfect one. I can build a home filled with trust, strength, and love. And perhaps, that is enough. 21．A．checking B．hiding C．searching D．buying 22．A．connected B．opposed C．blind D．strange 23．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．forgot 24．A．money B．information C．noise D．food 25．A．stressful B．pleased C．energetic D．free 26．A．true B．easy C．innovative D．flexible 27．A．joy B．guilt C．confidence D．courage 28．A．respond to B．depend on C．keep up D．set aside 29．A．hoped B．proved C．promised D．worried 30．A．balance B．remember C．enjoy D．describe 31．A．answer B．question C．explain D．ignore 32．A．simpler B．stricter C．clearer D．faster 33．A．proud B．ashamed C．tired D．appreciative 34．A．lessons B．results C．moments D．tests 35．A．punish B．remind C．ask D．warn 21．A 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者对现代育儿方式的反思以及自身育儿观念的转变。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我发现自己在日常生活中不停地查看手机。A. checking查看；B. hiding隐藏；C. searching搜索；D. buying购买。根据下文“my phone during daily life”可知，作者在日常生活中不停地查看手机。故选A。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有真正的原因，只是一种与数字世界相连的感觉。A. connected相连的；B. opposed反对的；C. blind盲目的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“my phone”和下文“to the digital world”可知，手机可以让作者和数字世界相连，因此作者查看手机是为了一种与数字世界相连的感觉。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到如今的孩子和父母都生活在一种持续的压力文化中。A. doubted怀疑；B. imagined想象；C. realized意识到；D. forgot忘记。根据“that both children and parents today live in a culture of constant stress”可知，作者意识到当今的父母和孩子都生活在压力文化中。故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拥有的信息比以往任何时候都多，但却没有时间去思考。A. money金钱；B. information信息；C. noise噪音；D. food食物。根据下文“We receive endless parenting advice online”可知，我们接收到的信息比以前要多。故选B。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在网上收到无尽的育儿建议，并感到在各方面都要做到完美是有压力的。A. stressful有压力的；B. pleased高兴的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. free自由的。根据下文“be perfect in every way”可知，在各方面都要做到完美，这显然是会让人感到有压力的。故选A。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对于母亲来说尤其如此，她们常常觉得自己必须做得更多，变得更好，这导致了不断的比较和内疚。A. true真的；B. easy容易的；C. innovative创新的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“be perfect in every way”和下文“for mothers, who often feel they must do more and be more”可知，要在各方面做到完美这一点在母亲的身上真正体现出来了。故选A。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对于母亲来说尤其如此，她们常常觉得自己必须做得更多，变得更好，这导致了不断的比较和内疚。A. joy快乐；B. guilt内疚；C. confidence自信；D. courage勇气。根据上文“live in a culture of constant stress”和“who often feel they must do more and be more, which leads to constant comparison”可知，母亲们常常觉得自己必须做得更多，变得更好，她们会和人去比较，当觉得自己做得不好的时候她们会内疚，这也是压力的来源。故选B。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试图在家里和生活中把一切都做到完美。A. respond to回应；B. depend on依靠；C. keep up保持；D. set aside留出。根据下文“everything perfectly at home and in life”可知，作者试图把家里的一切保持完美。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常看社交媒体，担心自己做得不够。A. hoped希望；B. proved证明；C. promised承诺；D. worried担心。根据下文“I wasn’t doing enough”可知，作者担心自己做得不够。故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难在陪伴孩子和追求更多之间找到平衡。A. balance平衡；B. remember记得；C. enjoy享受；D. describe描述。根据下文“being present with my children and trying to achieve more”可知，此处是指在陪伴孩子和追求更多之间找到平衡。故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我开始质疑孩子们真正需要的是什么。A. answer回答；B. question质疑；C. explain解释；D. ignore忽视。根据下文“what children really need. Maybe they don’t need a perfect life—they just need a calm and caring parent”可知，作者开始质疑孩子们真正需要的是什么。故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我试着选择一种更简单的育儿方式。A. simpler更简单的；B. stricter更严格的；C. clearer更清晰的；D. faster更快的。根据下文“I focus on being intentional rather than trying to do too much”可知，作者尝试选择一种更简单的育儿方式。故选A。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我会因为没有达到社会的期望而感到羞愧。A. proud骄傲的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. tired疲惫的；D. appreciative感激的。根据下文“not meeting society’s expectations”可知，作者有时候会因为没有达到社会的期望而感到羞愧。故选B。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子们记住的是快乐的时刻，而不是完美的时刻。A. lessons课程；B. results结果；C. moments时刻；D. tests测试。根据上文“I want my children to remember happy”可知，作者肯定是希望孩子们记住快乐的时刻。故选C。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我感到焦虑时，我会提醒自己，我的孩子们需要一个健康且在场的母亲，而不是一个完美的母亲。A. punish惩罚；B. remind提醒；C. ask询问；D. warn警告。根据下文“myself that my children need a healthy and present mother”可知，作者是提醒自己孩子们需要的是一个健康的，陪伴着他们的母亲。故选B。 ◇题型 02 情感态度推断题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例【2025全国二卷】Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users. 41．A．write B．travel C．exercise D．recover 42．A．goodwill B．timeout C．long-distance D．wake-up 43．A．normally B．ultimately C．suddenly D．automatically 44．A．change B．fortune C．wish D．deal 45．A．risky B．traditional C．comfortable D．healthy 46．A．demand B．secret C．passion D．cure 47．A．peace B．fitness C．fun D．nature 48．A．grow B．control C．activate D．relax 49．A．need B．choice C．reason D．difference 50．A．green light B．road block C．passing mark D．stepping stone 51．A．Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive 52．A．accepted B．shared C．expected D．celebrated 53．A．goal B．case C．duty D．cost 54．A．instructors B．admirers C．beginners D．doubters 55．A．authority B．excuse C．inspiration D．option 【答案】 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel旅行；C. exercise锻炼；D. recover康复。根据下文的“ Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill善意、友好；B. timeout超时；C. long-distance长途；D. wake-up唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。 情感/态度推断：空后的“call”是比喻。下文描述她长期与健康问题斗争并最终手术，因此这个电话应是让她“警醒”的经历，促使她意识到必须改变。这需要推断该经历对她的心理冲击和警示作用，而非字面上的电话类型。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. normally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. fortune幸运；C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditional传统的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passion激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“for weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。 情感/态度推断：前文说她开始锻炼并遵循健康生活方式，此处“发现了一种对举重的______”。从后文她成为健身网红并积极分享来看，这不仅仅是“需求”或“秘密”，而是一种发自内心的“热爱”。这需要推断其内在的情感驱动。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow形成，产生；B. control控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。A. need需要；B. choice选择；C. reason理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“no”以及下文“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。 情感/态度推断：她在社交媒体上解释“没有______别人不能看起来这么好”。这体现了她鼓励他人、消除借口的积极态度和信念。需要理解她话语中传递的“任何人都可能成功”的支持性立场。 50．考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯；B. road block路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stone踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。 情感/态度推断：这是她分享的关键建议之一：“把失败视为成功的______”。选项中，“垫脚石”与“路障”形成鲜明对比。选择“垫脚石”体现了她积极、乐观、坚韧的人生态度和价值观，是典型的态度推断。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Consult咨询；C. Follow遵循；D. Forgive原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no  ___9___  others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。 情感/态度推断：她说“成功在______时更甜蜜”。这涉及对成功体验的情感认知。根据她乐于助人、激励他人的行为（“Lift others up”），可推断她认为成功在“被分享/共享”时体验更佳。这体现了她的情感价值观。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cost成本。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。 情感/态度推断：她解释锻炼的“______是感觉良好，而非看起来好看”。这直接定义了她的核心动机和价值取向，需要推断她对于锻炼目的的根本看法和态度。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors讲师；B. admirers爱慕者；C. beginners初学者；D. doubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。 情感/态度推断：前文“曾被嘲笑年龄太大不适合锻炼”，所以她证明的是那些“怀疑者/嘲笑者”错了。这需要根据前文他人对她的负面态度，来推断此空所指的对象。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiration灵感；D. option选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【安徽省江淮十校2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题】 Teeth as time capsules Teeth, in their seemingly ordinary role, hold within them a silent history. They reflect not only our personal stories but also the collective 41 of those before us. I’ll never forget the moment when I lost a 42 as a child. It was a typical childhood experience — one that, in the moment, felt quite 43 . But as I reflect now, it 44 more than just physical growth. It marks the march of time. Teeth, like memories, change and decay (腐烂) , but they never truly disappear. They’re a 45 of our passage through life, one small bite at a time. This idea of teeth as silent witnesses to personal history is something I’ve 46 more deeply as I’ve grown older. My grandmother, Zosia, was a dentist in post-war Poland. She didn’t pursue the profession out of passion, but out of 47 — after the war, the country was in 48 need of skilled workers. Her work, though often about 49 pain, also bore the weight of history. Every tooth she extracted and every cavity (龋洞) she filled, was 50 to the struggles, grief and survival of a generation marked by war. Her dental work wasn’t just a job — it was a way to 51 the broken lives around her. I now understand how my grandmother’s dental work goes beyond its medical purpose-it is a (an) 52 of remembering and preserving the past in ways we often forget. In a 53 , teeth carry the imprint (印记) of time. They’re silent witnesses to our history, 54 in plain sight, reminding us of how we’ve survived, how we’ve grown, and how we continue to carry the 55 of our pasts. 41．A．accidents B．emergencies C．experiences D．adventures 42．A．tooth B．toy C．pencil D．book 43．A．depressing B．minor C．exciting D．major 44．A．allows B．requires C．symbolizes D．records 45．A．victim B．mystery C．sufferer D．reminder 46．A．thought about B．looked up C．cared for D．taken on 47．A．guilt B．necessity C．anger D．curiosity 48．A．difficult B．quick C．emotional D．desperate 49．A．relieving B．maintaining C．deleting D．welcoming 50．A．exposed B．tied C．expected D．opposed 51．A．call B．grow C．heal D．protect 52．A．change B．example C．discovery D．form 53．A．case B．sense C．row D．hurry 54．A．hidden B．abandoned C．created D．shown 55．A．culture B．tradition C．weight D．pressure 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章结合作者童年掉牙的经历和祖母战后当牙医的故事，阐述牙齿如时光胶囊，承载个人与集体历史、见证成长与生存的意义。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们不仅反映了我们个人的故事，也反映了我们前人的集体经历。A. accidents事故；B. emergencies紧急情况；C. experiences经历；D. adventures冒险。根据上文“Teeth, in their seemingly ordinary role, hold within them a silent history.”以及“our personal stories”可知，牙齿既反映个人故事，也体现前人的集体经历。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记小时候掉牙的那一刻。A. tooth牙齿；B. toy玩具；C. pencil铅笔；D. book书。下文“marks the march of time”、“Teeth, like memories”均呼应“掉牙”这一童年经历。故选A。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是典型的童年经历——在当时看来，这件事相当微不足道。A. depressing令人沮丧的；B. minor次要的、微不足道的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. major主要的。根据上文“typical childhood experience”可知，掉牙是童年常见小事，当时看来并不重要。故选B。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在回想起来，它不仅仅象征着身体的成长。A. allows允许；B. requires要求；C. symbolizes象征；D. records记录。结合下文“It marks the march of time”可知，掉牙不仅是生理成长的体现，更象征着时光的流逝。故选C。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是我们人生历程的见证，一次一小步地记录着我们的生活。A. victim受害者；B. mystery奥秘；C. sufferer受难者；D. reminder提醒物、见证。根据上文“Teeth, like memories, change and decay, but they never truly disappear”可知，牙齿虽会变化腐烂，但能提醒人们人生的历程。故选D。 46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我对牙齿作为个人历史无声见证者这一观点有了更深的思考。A. thought about思考；B. looked up查阅；C. cared for照顾；D. taken on承担。根据下文“more deeply as I’ve grown older”可知，作者长大后对这一观点进行了更深层次的思考。故选A。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从事这个职业并非出于热爱，而是出于必要——战后，这个国家急需技术工人。A. guilt内疚；B. necessity必要；C. anger愤怒；D. curiosity好奇。根据下文“the country was in need of skilled workers”可知，祖母当牙医是因国家急需技术工人，属于客观必要。故选B。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从事这个职业并非出于热爱，而是出于必要——战后，这个国家急需技术工人。A. difficult困难的；B. quick快速的；C. emotional情感的；D. desperate极度的、迫切的。根据上文“after the war”和下文“the country was in need of skilled workers”可知，战后国家百废待兴，对技术工人的需求是迫切的，desperate need为固定搭配，表示“急需”。故选D。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的工作虽然常常是为了减轻痛苦，但也承载着历史的重量。A. relieving减轻；B. maintaining维持；C. deleting删除；D. welcoming欢迎。根据上文“My grandmother, Zosia, was a dentist in post-war Poland.”可知，祖母是牙医，其工作核心是减轻患者的牙痛。故选A。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拔掉的每一颗牙、填补的每一个龋洞，都与那一代饱受战争创伤的人们的挣扎、悲伤和生存息息相关。A. exposed暴露；B. tied联系；C. expected期待；D. opposed反对。结合下文“the struggles, grief and survival of a generation marked by war”可知，战争年代人们的苦难与牙齿健康相关，二者存在联系。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的牙科工作不仅仅是一份职业——更是一种治愈身边破碎生活的方式。A. call呼叫；B. grow成长；C. heal治愈；D. protect保护。根据上文“My grandmother, Zosia, was a dentist in post-war Poland.”和下文“the broken lives”战后人们的生活充满创伤，祖母的工作既治疗牙齿病痛，也在一定程度上治愈人们破碎的心灵。故选C。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白了祖母的牙科工作如何超越了其医疗目的——它是一种以我们常常忘记的方式铭记和保存过去的形式。A. change改变；B. example例子；C. discovery发现；D. form形式。结合下文“remembering and preserving the past”可知，牙齿承载历史，祖母的工作是保存过去的一种具体形式。故选D。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在某种意义上，牙齿承载着时间的印记。A. case情况；B. sense意义；C. row一排；D. hurry匆忙。根据下文“teeth carry the imprint (印记) of time.”可知，in a sense“在某种意义上”符合语境，强调牙齿承载时光印记的深层含义。故选B。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们是我们历史的无声见证者，隐藏在众目睽睽之下，提醒我们如何生存、如何成长，以及如何继续承载过去的重量。A. hidden隐藏；B. abandoned抛弃；C. created创造；D. shown展示。根据上文“They’re silent witnesses to our history”可知，牙齿默默承载历史，即隐藏在众目睽睽之下。故选A。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是我们历史的无声见证者，隐藏在众目睽睽之下，提醒我们如何生存、如何成长，以及如何继续承载过去的重量。A. culture文化；B. tradition传统；C. weight重量；D. pressure压力。结合上文“bore the weight of history”可知，过去的经历与历史会留下印记，成为人们需要承载的重量。故选C。 变式2【广东省部分学校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月联考英语试题】 When disasters strike, concerned people often send tons of donations. In western North Carolina, after Hurricane Helene destroyed the region, Clara Carrias, a mother of three, stepped up to help. Clara spent her afternoons at BeLoved Asheville sorting 21 items and preparing them for 22 . Surrounded by 23 shelves of toilet paper, children’s toys, first aid kits, and tons of packaged food, Clara worked 24 to ensure that these supplies reached those in need. Despite the challenges of power outages, landslides, and impassable roads, Clara navigated dangerous mountain terrain to 25 care packages of food, water, and cleaning supplies to people in 26 areas. Clara’s 27 was evident in her willingness to continue her volunteer work even while she was dealing with storm 28 to her own home. During the storm, a tree fell onto her home, directly over one of her children’s bedrooms. Amy Cantrell, one of the founders of BeLoved Asheville, 29 Clara’s unwavering devotion. “She was helping hundreds of people, coming here for hours 30 ,” Cantrell said, “She was standing on her feet, hugging people, wiping away tears, then 31 her vehicle and taking supplies out to people in very remote areas.” Clara’s efforts were not only 32 in the immediate rescue work of the hurricane but also in the long-term 33 process. More than nine months later, the region still faces economic instability, food insecurity, and housing shortages, but volunteers like Clara 34 to make a significant difference. Her story highlights the importance of community support and the lasting impact of individual 35 in disaster recovery. 21．A．processed B．recycled C．imported D．donated 22．A．regulation B．inspection C．distribution D．consumption 23．A．empty B．towering C．adjustable D．shallow 24．A．slowly B．temporarily C．tirelessly D．mindlessly 25．A．deliver B．explore C．identify D．assess 26．A．developed B．remote C．historic D．downtown 27．A．vision B．potential C．commitment D．curiosity 28．A．conflict B．pressure C．pollution D．damage 29．A．praised B．ignored C．promoted D．questioned 30．A．by chance B．on end C．in secret D．at random 31．A．breaking down B．setting off C．turning over D．loading up 32．A．specific B．optional C．crucial D．abstract 33．A．expansion B．reform C．negotiation D．recovery 34．A．refuse B．continue C．hesitate D．pretend 35．A．efforts B．priorities C．resources D．origins 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．D 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了飓风过后，Clara作为志愿者在救援组织整理捐赠物资、克服困难派送物资，其奉献精神获赞扬，且她的努力对飓风救援及长期重建意义重大。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clara下午都在BeLoved Asheville整理捐赠的物品，并为分发做准备。A. processed处理；B. recycled回收；C. imported进口；D. donated捐赠。根据上文“When disasters strike, concerned people often send tons of donations.”可知，此处表示Clara在整理人们捐赠的物品。故选D。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clara下午都在BeLoved Asheville整理捐赠的物品，并为分发做准备。A. regulation规则；B. inspection检查；C. distribution分发；D. consumption消费。根据下文“Clara worked  ____4____  to ensure that these supplies reached those in need.”可知，Clara整理捐赠物品的目的是为了将它们分发给有需要的人。故选C。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Clara 被堆满卫生纸、儿童玩具、急救箱和成吨包装食品的高耸货架所包围，她不知疲倦地工作，以确保这些物资能够送达有需要的人手中。A. empty空的；B. towering高耸的；C. adjustable可调节的；D. shallow浅的。根据下文“shelves of toilet paper, children’s toys, first aid kits, and tons of packaged food,”可知，货架上摆满了各种物品，说明货架是高耸的。故选B。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Clara 被堆满卫生纸、儿童玩具、急救箱和成吨包装食品的高耸货架所包围，她不知疲倦地工作，以确保这些物资能够送达有需要的人手中。A. slowly缓慢地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. tirelessly不知疲倦地；D. mindlessly盲目地。根据上文“Clara spent her afternoons at BeLoved Asheville”以及下文“to ensure that these supplies reached those in need.”可知，Clara为了确保物资送到有需要的人手中，工作得很努力，不知疲倦。故选C。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临着停电、山体滑坡和道路不通的挑战，Clara还是穿越危险的山地，为偏远地区的人们送去食物、水和清洁用品等护理包。A. deliver递送；B. explore探索；C. identify识别；D. assess评估。根据上文“Clara worked  ____4____  to ensure that these supplies reached those in need.”以及下文“care packages of food, water, and cleaning supplies to people in  ____6____  areas.”可知，此处表示Clara给人们送去护理包。故选A。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临着停电、山体滑坡和道路不通的挑战，Clara还是穿越危险的山地，为偏远地区的人们送去食物、水和清洁用品等护理包。A. developed发达的；B. remote偏远的；C. historic有历史意义的；D. downtown市中心的。根据上文“Clara navigated dangerous mountain terrain”以及下文“She was standing on her feet, hugging people, wiping away tears, then  ____11____  her vehicle and taking supplies out to people in very remote areas.”可知，此处表示Clara给偏远地区的人们送护理包。故选B。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clara的奉献精神体现在她即使在自己家遭受风暴破坏的情况下，也愿意继续做志愿者工作。A. vision视野；B. potential潜力；C. commitment奉献精神；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“was evident in her willingness to continue her volunteer work even while she was dealing with storm  ____8____  to her own home.”可知，Clara愿意继续做志愿者工作，体现了她的奉献精神。故选C。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clara的奉献精神体现在她即使在自己家遭受风暴破坏的情况下，也愿意继续做志愿者工作。A. conflict冲突；B. pressure压力；C. pollution污染；D. damage破坏。根据下文“During the storm, a tree fell onto her home, directly over one of her children’s bedrooms.”可知，她家遭受了风暴的破坏。故选D。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：BeLoved Asheville的创始人之一Amy Cantrell赞扬了Clara坚定不移的奉献精神。A. praised赞扬；B. ignored忽视；C. promoted促进；D. questioned质疑。根据下文“Clara’s unwavering devotion.”以及“She was helping hundreds of people, coming here for hours  ____10____ ,”可知，Clara帮助了很多人，所以Amy Cantrell赞扬了她的奉献精神。故选A。 30．考查介词短语辨析。句意：Cantrell说：“她帮助了数百人，连续几个小时来到这里。她站起来，拥抱人们，擦干眼泪，然后装上车，把物资送到非常偏远的地区。” A. by chance偶然；B. on end连续地；C. in secret秘密地；D. at random随机地。根据上文“coming here for hours”可知，她连续几个小时来这里。故选B。 31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Cantrell说：“她帮助了数百人，连续几个小时来到这里。她站起来，拥抱人们，擦干眼泪，然后装上车，把物资送到非常偏远的地区。”A. breaking down出故障；B. setting off出发；C. turning over翻转；D. loading up装满。根据下文“her vehicle and taking supplies out to people in very remote areas.”以及语境可知，此处表示装满车然后送物资。故选D。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Clara的努力不仅在飓风的紧急救援工作中至关重要，而且在长期的恢复过程中也很重要。A. specific特定的；B. optional可选择的；C. crucial至关重要的；D. abstract抽象的。根据下文“but volunteers like Clara  ____14____  to make a significant difference.”可知，Clara的努力在救援工作和恢复过程中都很重要。故选C。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clara的努力不仅在飓风的紧急救援工作中至关重要，而且在长期的恢复过程中也很重要。A. expansion扩张；B. reform改革；C. negotiation谈判；D. recovery恢复。根据下文“More than nine months later, the region still faces economic instability, food insecurity, and housing shortages,”可知，这里说的是长期的恢复过程。故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：九个多月后，该地区仍然面临经济不稳定、粮食不安全和住房短缺的问题，但像Clara这样的志愿者继续发挥着重要作用。A. refuse拒绝；B. continue继续；C. hesitate犹豫；D. pretend假装。根据上文“More than nine months later, the region still faces economic instability, food insecurity, and housing shortages,”可知，该地区仍然面临问题，所以此处表示志愿者继续发挥着重要作用。故选B。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的故事强调了社区支持的重要性以及个人在灾难恢复中的持续努力的持久影响。A. efforts努力；B. priorities优先事项；C. resources资源；D. origins起源。根据上文“Clara’s efforts were not only  ____12____  in the immediate rescue work of the hurricane but also in the long-term  ____13____  process.”可知，这里说的是个人在灾难恢复中的持续努力的持久影响。故选A。 ◇题型 03 语境词汇复现题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1【2025浙江1月卷】Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 . “But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 41．A．reading B．traveling C．cooking D．teaching 42．A．hobby B．energy C．education D．money 43．A．coworkers B．students C．relatives D．strangers 44．A．pays B．charges C．owes D．raises 45．A．pursuing B．choosing C．discussing D．changing 46．A．passing on B．trying out C．going over D．taking down 47．A．hire B．help C．meet D．train 48．A．in addition to B．in return for C．in honor of D．in line with 49．A．replaces B．tastes C．orders D．pairs 50．A．opposed B．related C．subject D．vital 51．A．invaluable B．impersonal C．unsuitable D．unprofessional 52．A．surprise B．end C．need D．problem 53．A．lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge 54．A．celebrate B．record C．attend D．organise 55．A．selected B．reserved C．evaluated D．requested 【答案】 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．D 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Manuela Ribeiro将自己的烹饪爱好发展成副业，通过在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，与陌生人分享美食并结交新朋友的故事。 41．考查名词词义辨析：句意：Manuela Ribeiro有一种健康的癖好。那就是烹饪。A. reading阅读；B. traveling旅行；C. cooking烹饪；D. teaching教学。根据下文“She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 　　3　　　 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties”可知，她现在在Bookalokal网站上提供晚餐聚会服务，由此推知她的嗜好是烹饪。故选C。 语境线索：下文密集出现的关键词 food, recipes, dishes, dinner parties, meal 等，都是“烹饪”这一核心活动的直接相关词（上下义复现）。第一句的“健康上瘾”也需由后文具体内容来解释。 42．考查名词词义辨析：句意：几个月前，这位30岁的老师决定是时候好好利用她的爱好了。A. hobby爱好；B. energy精力；C. education教育；D. money钱。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 .”可知，她的爱好是烹饪，此处指好好利用她的烹饪爱好。故选A。 语境线索：第45题所在句直接给出了复现词：...for pursuing her **hobby** of buying food...。这里属于前瞻性原词复现，将抽象的兴趣具体化为“烹饪”这一爱好。 43．考查名词词义辨析：句意：她在Bookalokal 网站上注册了，现在每周两次欢迎陌生人到她布鲁塞尔的公寓来参加晚宴。A. coworkers同事；B. students学生；C. relatives亲戚；D. strangers陌生人。根据下文“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 　　7 　　 new people”可知，这是一个分享她对食物的热爱和结识新朋友的好机会，由此推知她欢迎陌生人到她的公寓参加晚宴。故选D。 44．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对于通常一顿可能持续长达三个小时的三道菜的晚餐，Ribeiro向每人收取35欧元。A. pays支付；B. charges收费；C. owes欠；D. raises提高，筹集。根据下文“€35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal”可知，这是Manuela Ribeiro为客人提供的晚餐的收费标准，即每人收费35欧元。故选B。 45．考查动词词义辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. pursuing追求；B. choosing选择；C. discussing讨论；D. changing改变。根据上文“Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 1 .”可知，Manuela Ribeiro热爱烹饪，所以此处想表达的是“追求她购买食材的爱好”。故选A。 语境线索：如上所述，此空是对第42题 hobby 的同义动作复现。“追求/从事”她的爱好，是固定且合理的搭配。 46．考查动词短语辨析：句意：对Ribeiro来说，这已经成为她追求购买食材、尝试新食谱以及举办晚宴这些爱好的一个完美平台。A. passing on传递；B. trying out尝试；C. going over复习；D. taking down记下。根据下文“new recipes”可知，此处表示尝试新食谱。故选B。 语境线索：与 new recipes（新食谱）最直接、最合理的动宾搭配就是“尝试”。这是基于常识和词汇搭配的逻辑复现。 47．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这是一个分享我对食物的热情以及结识新朋友的好机会。” Ribeiro说。A. hire雇佣；B. help帮助；C. meet遇见，结识；D. train训练。根据下文“This platform is not only 　　15　　for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”可知，这个平台不仅适合专业厨师，也适合那些愿意探索新体验的人，由此可推测出Manuela Ribeiro通过这个平台可以认识新朋友。故选C。 语境线索：前文提到她通过网站 welcomes strangers into her flat（迎接陌生人）。此处 share passion 和 ______ new people 是并列目的，“结识新朋友”是迎接陌生人的自然结果，构成了逻辑与语义上的连贯复现。 48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：有时她准备传统的巴西菜肴，以纪念她的祖国；有时她会用她最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。A. in addition to除……外（还）；B. in return for作为……的回报；C. in honor of为了纪念；D. in line with符合。根据下文“her native home”以及语境可知，为了纪念她的祖国，Ribeiro会准备传统的巴西菜肴。故选C。 49．考查动词词义辨析：句意：有时她会按照她的家乡巴西的传统准备传统的巴西菜肴；有时她会把晚餐菜肴和她最喜欢的啤酒搭配起来。A. replaces代替；B. tastes品尝；C. orders订购；D. pairs配对，搭配。根据下文“dinner courses with her favorite beers”可知，此处表示用Ribeiro最喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。故选D。 50．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. opposed相反的，对立的；B. related相关的；C. subject受…… 支配的；D. vital至关重要的。根据下文“to a restaurant where the service is”可知，此处是将在平台上做饭和开餐厅进行对比，表示两者是相反的。故选A。 51．考查形容词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. invaluable无价的；B. impersonal没有人情味的；C. unsuitable不合适的；D. unprofessional不专业的。根据下文“the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 　　12　　”可知，菜单是提前知道的，而且饭菜没有什么惊喜，说明餐厅的服务是没有人情味的。故选B。 52．考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个平台让Ribeiro能够非常自由地实现她的梦想，与餐馆形成对比，在餐馆里服务是没有人情味的，菜单是提前知道的，而且人们期望用餐过程中没有惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. end结束；C. need需要；D. problem问题。根据上文“the menu is known in advance”可知，菜单是提前知道的，由此推知饭菜没有什么惊喜。故选A。 53．考查名词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. lesson教训；B. pleasure快乐；C. success成功；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“it can sometimes take days to 　　14　　 a single event”可知，有时组织一个活动可能需要几天的时间，这是一件具有挑战性的事情。故选D。 54．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“但这也是一个很大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动可能需要好几天的时间。” Ribeiro说。A. celebrate庆祝；B. record记录；C. attend参加；D. organise组织。根据下文“a single event”可知，此处指组织一个活动。故选D。 55．考查动词词义辨析：句意：“这个平台不仅是为专业厨师保留的，也是为那些愿意发现新体验的人准备的。”A. selected选择；B. reserved保留；C. evaluated评估；D. requested请求。根据下文“for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences”可知，这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，而且也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留，应用be reserved for。故选B。 变式1【江苏省徐州市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中零模英语试题】 Ella, together with her dad and grandma, moved to Alaska when dad got a railroad job there. Ella loved the new place 21 . Grandma, though, hated it. She 22 about the bone-chilling cold. She spent her days by the window, her knitting needles idle in her lap, longing for the Kansas sun and her 23 . Ella’s worry grew into a tight knot in her chest. 24 , she turned to her new friend, Sarah, and her kind aunt, Grace. “She 25 her sunflowers,” Ella explained. Grace suggested making a sunflower-patterned quilt. The three secretly sewed it, using 26 threads for sunflowers Ella fetched from home. Yet Ella soon noticed grandma growing 27 — she even cried one day, saying, “I’m so 28 .” Ella realized she’d been so busy sewing that she’d 29 grandma. What grandma needed wasn’t a quilt, but 30 . Ella took grandma to Sarah’s house, where she 31 the quilt project. Tears filled grandma’s eyes. “You did this for me?” She 32 them, and the four sewed together. They talked, 33 stories of Kansas and Alaska, laughed at Sarah’s jokes, and listened to Grace’s wisdom. Grandma’s skilled fingers guided the younger ones, her laughter joining theirs. Ella knew then that they weren’t just sewing a quilt; they were 34 her grandmother’s heart, and in doing so, they were building a new 35 , together, under the vast Alaskan sky. 21．A．consequently B．instantly C．finally D．casually 22．A．worried B．inquired C．complained D．commented 23．A．quilts B．garden C．neighborhood D．sunflowers 24．A．Desperate B．Confused C．Disappointed D．Awkward 25．A．admires B．cuts C．misses D．plants 26．A．strong B．bright C．expensive D．rare 27．A．weaker B．older C．stranger D．sadder 28．A．exhausted B．worthless C．hopeless D．homesick 29．A．deserted B．neglected C．blamed D．spoiled 30．A．encouragement B．help C．company D．pity 31．A．revealed B．evaluated C．accomplished D．designed 32．A．comforted B．observed C．congratulated D．joined 33．A．shared B．read C．invented D．adapted 34．A．opening B．winning C．softening D．mending 35．A．relationship B．life C．identity D．style 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Ella随家人搬到阿拉斯加后，通过和朋友、阿姨一起为奶奶缝制被子，在阿拉斯加开启新生活的故事。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ella立刻就爱上了这个新地方。A. consequently因此；B. instantly立刻；C. finally最终；D. casually随意地。根据前文“Ella loved the new place”可知，Ella对新地方的喜爱是即时的。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抱怨刺骨的寒冷。A. worried担心；B. inquired询问；C. complained抱怨；D. commented评论。根据前文“Grandma, though, hated it.”可知奶奶不喜欢阿拉斯加，会抱怨寒冷。故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她整天坐在窗边，编织针在腿上闲置着，渴望堪萨斯的阳光和她的向日葵。A. quilts被子；B. garden花园；C. neighborhood街区；D. sunflowers向日葵。根据后文“She __5__ her sunflowers”可知，此处是指向日葵。故选D。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绝望中，她向她的新朋友Sarah和善良的阿姨Grace求助。A. Desperate绝望的；B. Confused困惑的；C. Disappointed失望的；D. Awkward尴尬的。根据前文“Ella’s worry grew into a tight knot in her chest.”可知Ella很担心，所以是绝望地寻求帮助。故选 A。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她想念她的向日葵，”Ella 解释道。A. admires钦佩；B. cuts切割；C. misses想念；D. plants种植。根据前文“longing for the Kansas sun and her __ 3 __.”以及后文“Grace suggested making a sunflower-patterned quilt.”可知，此处是指奶奶想念向日葵。故选C。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三个人秘密地缝制它，使用 Ella 从家里拿来的明亮的线来制作向日葵。A. strong强壮的；B. bright鲜艳的，明亮的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. rare稀有的。向日葵颜色明亮，所以用明亮的线制作。根据前文“making a sunflower-patterned quilt”可知，用颜色鲜艳的线缝制贴合向日葵花瓣颜色鲜艳夺目的特征。故选B。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Ella很快注意到奶奶变得更悲伤了——有一天她甚至哭了，说：“我太想家了。”A. weaker更弱的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更陌生的；D. sadder更悲伤的。根据后文“she even cried one day”可知，此处是指奶奶更悲伤了。故选D。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Ella很快注意到奶奶变得更悲伤了——有一天她甚至哭了，说：“我太想家了。”A. exhausted疲惫的；B. worthless无价值的；C. hopeless绝望的；D. homesick想家的。根据前文“Ella loved the new place __1__. Grandma, though, hated it.”以及“longing for the Kansas sun”可知，此处是指奶奶想家。故选D。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ella意识到她一直忙着缝纫，忽视了奶奶。A. deserted抛弃；B. neglected忽视；C. blamed责备；D. spoiled宠坏。根据前文“she even cried one day”以及“Ella realized she’d been so busy sewing”可知，此处是指Ella忽视了奶奶。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：奶奶需要的不是被子，而是陪伴。A. encouragement鼓励；B. help帮助；C. company陪伴；D. pity同情。根据前文“she’d been so busy sewing”可知，此处是指Ella忙于做被子，以至于没能陪伴奶奶。故选C。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ella带奶奶去Sarah家，在那里她透露了被子的计划。A. revealed透露，揭示；B. evaluated评估；C. accomplished完成；D. designed设计。根据前文“secretly sewed it”可知，之前是秘密缝制，现在告诉了奶奶，所以是透露被子的计划。故选A。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她加入了她们，四个人一起缝制。A. comforted安慰；B. observed观察；C. congratulated祝贺；D. joined加入。根据前文“The three secretly sewed it”以及后文“the four sewed together” 可知，此处是指奶奶加入了她们三人当中一起织被子。故选D。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们分享堪萨斯和阿拉斯加的故事，听Sarah的笑话大笑，聆听Grace的智慧。A. shared分享；B. read阅读；C. invented发明；D. adapted适应。根据后文“stories of Kansas and Alaska” 可知，此处是指她们聚在一起聊天谈心、分享故事。故选A。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ella那时知道，她们不仅仅是在缝制一床被子，更是在修补奶奶的心，在这个过程中，她们在阿拉斯加广阔的天空下，共同构筑一种崭新的生活。A. opening打开；B. winning赢得；C. softening软化；使柔和；缓和；D. mending修补。根据前文“she even cried one day”和后文“Grandma’s skilled fingers guided the younger ones, her laughter joining theirs.”可知，此处侧重修补奶奶受伤的心情，mending更贴合弥补思念带来的心灵空缺的语境。故选D。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ella那时知道，她们不仅仅是在缝制一床被子，更是在修补奶奶的心，在这个过程中，她们在阿拉斯加广阔的天空下，共同构筑一种崭新的生活。A. relationship关系；B. life生活；C. identity身份；D. style风格。根据前文“moved to Alaska”可知，搬到阿拉斯加后，她们一起在新的城市构筑了新的生活。故选B。 变式2【广东省2025-2026学年高三上学期11月联考英语试题】 It was a warm Saturday afternoon. My best friend Leo and I were sitting on the grass in the community park, chatting about our daily lives and future 21 . We’d been friends since primary school, sharing every joy and worry, and that day, a sudden idea 22 us. “Why not bury a time capsule?” Leo suggested excitedly. His eyes sparkled with 23 . I nodded immediately, what a wonderful way to 24 our present moments and dreams for the future. We rushed to my home to 25 items for the capsule. Leo brought his favorite soccer ball keychain and a handwritten letter, while I 26 a photo of us at the school picnic and a list of my personal goals. We then 27 a sturdy metal box from the garage — perfect for keeping our treasures safe. After carefully placing all the items inside, we 28 the box tightly with tape. “Where should we bury it?” Leo asked. We walked around the park and finally chose a spot under an old oak tree, whose thick roots would 29 the capsule from being found accidentally. Digging a hole with a small shovel was harder than we 30 . Sweat dripped down our foreheads, but we kept going, laughing and encouraging each other. When the hole was deep enough, we gently placed the box inside and 31 the dirt back. To mark the spot, we put a small stone on top, making a silent 32 to return and open it someday. As we sat back on the grass, staring at the stone, we talked about what life might be like when we dug up the capsule. Leo hoped he’d become a professional soccer player, while I 33 to be a writer. We 34 that no matter how life changed, our friendship would remain unchanged. That afternoon, we didn’t just bury a box of items, we sealed our 35 and the purity of our friendship. Every time I pass that oak tree now, I can’t help smiling, remembering the excitement of that day and the beautiful expectations we shared. 21．A．challenges B．dreams C．schedules D．hobbies 22．A．struck B．annoyed C．confused D．disappointed 23．A．anxiety B．surprise C．excitement D．doubt 24．A．abandon B．preserve C．forget D．analyze 25．A．buy B．exchange C．select D．check 26．A．collected B．borrowed C．invented D．returned 27．A．borrowed B．found C．repaired D．designed 28．A．opened B．decorated C．wrapped D．sealed 29．A．protect B．separate C．benefit D．distinguish 30．A．promised B．imagined C．calculated D．proved 31．A．pushed B．took C．filled D．threw 32．A．plan B．excuse C．guess D．comment 33．A．desired B．hesitated C．refused D．pretended 34．A．argued B．predicted C．agreed D．warned 35．A．memories B．secrets C．complaints D．choices 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好友Leo在公园埋下时间胶囊，封存美好回忆与友谊的故事。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们自小学起就是朋友，分享着每一份喜悦和忧虑，那天，一个突如其来的想法涌上我们心头。A. challenges挑战；B. dreams梦想；C. schedules日程安排；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“our present moments and dreams for the future”、“Leo hoped he’d become a professional soccer player”可知，下文描述珍藏当下时光和未来梦想的方法，所以此处的聊天内容应包含“梦想”，与下文呼应。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们自小学起就是朋友，分享着每一份喜悦和忧虑，那天，一个突如其来的想法涌上我们心头。A. struck突然想到；B. annoyed使恼怒；C. confused使困惑；D. disappointed使失望。根据下文“Why not bury a time capsule?”可知，此处指一个想法突然涌上二人的心头。a sudden idea strikes sb.是固定表达，指“某人突然想到一个主意”，符合语境。故选A。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。A. anxiety焦虑；B. surprise惊讶；C. excitement兴奋；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文““Why not bury a time capsule?” Leo suggested excitedly. His eyes sparkled with”可知，Leo“兴奋地提议”，他内心充满兴奋，此处指Leo的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。故选C。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻点了点头，多么美妙的方式来保存我们现在的时刻和对未来的梦想啊！A. abandon抛弃；B. preserve保存；C. forget忘记；D. analyze分析。根据下文“our present moments and dreams for the future”可知，时间胶囊的核心作用是“保存”当下的物品和回忆，此处指保存现在的时刻和对未来的梦想。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们冲到我家里，为时间胶囊挑选物品。A. buy买；B. exchange交换；C. select挑选；D. check检查。根据下文“items for the capsule. Leo brought his favorite soccer ball keychain and a handwritten letter, while I 6 a photo of us at the school picnic and a list of my personal goals.”可知，两人各自准备物品的描述，此处是“挑选”要放入胶囊的东西。故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leo带来了他最喜欢的足球钥匙链和一封手写的信，而我收集了一张我们在学校野餐时的照片和一份我的个人目标清单。A. collected收集；B. borrowed借；C. invented发明；D. returned返回。根据下文“a photo of us at the school picnic and a list of my personal goals”可知，照片是具有纪念意义的物品，此处指“收集”照片作为要放入胶囊的东西。故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们从车库里找到了一个坚固的金属盒子——非常适合保护我们的宝藏。A. borrowed借；B. found找到；C. repaired修理；D. designed设计。根据下文“a sturdy metal box from the garage”可知，金属盒子是从车库里偶然找到的，而非借来、修理或设计的，符合日常场景。故选B。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细地把所有物品放进去后，我们用胶带把盒子紧紧地封住。A. opened打开；B. decorated装饰；C. wrapped包裹；D. sealed密封。根据下文“the box tightly with tape”可知，为了长期保存，放入物品后需要“密封”盒子，避免损坏，此处指用胶带把盒子紧紧地封住。故选D。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在公园里走来走去，最后选择了一棵老橡树下的地方，它粗壮的根会保护胶囊不被意外发现。A. protect保护；B. separate分离；C. benefit有益于；D. distinguish区别。根据下文“the capsule from being found accidentally”可知，树根能遮挡胶囊，起到“保护”作用，防止被人意外挖到，此处指保护胶囊不被意外发现。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：用小铲子挖洞比我们想象的要难。A. promised承诺；B. imagined想象；C. calculated计算；D. proved证明。根据上文“Digging a hole with a small shovel was harder than we”和下文“Sweat dripped down our foreheads”可知，汗水顺着额头流了下来，实际挖坑的难度超出了两人之前的“想象”。故选B。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当洞挖得足够深时，我们轻轻地把盒子放进去，然后把土填回去。A. pushed推；B. took拿；C. filled填满；D. threw扔。根据上文“When the hole was deep enough, we gently placed the box inside”和下文“the dirt back”可知，挖坑后放入盒子，下一步是“填回”泥土，此处指把土填回去。故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了标记这个地方，我们在上面放了一块小石头，默默地计划有一天回来打开它。A. plan计划；B. excuse借口；C. guess猜测；D. comment评论。根据上文“we put a small stone on top”和下文“to return and open it someday”可知，放石头标记是为了未来能找到，体现了回来打开的“计划”。故选A。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leo希望他能成为一名职业足球运动员，而我渴望成为一名作家。A. desired渴望；B. hesitated犹豫；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据上文“Leo hoped he’d become a professional soccer player”和下文“to be a writer”可知，与Leo的“希望”对应，此处是“渴望”成为作家，表达作者对未来的期许。故选A。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一致认为，无论生活如何变化，我们的友谊将保持不变。A. argued争论；B. predicted预测；C. agreed同意；D. warned警告。根据下文“that no matter how life changed, our friendship would remain unchanged”可知，两人对友谊的看法达成共识，没有争论或警告，是“一致同意”。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，我们不仅仅埋下了一个装满物品的盒子，我们还封存了我们的回忆和友谊的纯洁。A. memories回忆；B. secrets秘密；C. complaints抱怨；D. choices选择。根据下文“the purity of our friendship”可知，放入胶囊的照片、信件等都是“回忆”的载体，与“友谊”并列，此处指封存了二人的回忆和友谊的纯洁。故选A。 ◇题型 04 篇章主旨理解题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent租金；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 主旨关联：此空是对意大利人整体性格特征的概括，是文章的一个重要分主题。后文邻居送奶酪、提醒关车窗等具体事例，都是对“热心肠”这一主旨品质的例证。它奠定了“异乡变故乡”的情感基础。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。 主旨关联：此空所在的完整句子是：It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. 这是一个主旨评论句。“善意的举动”是对前文所有帮助行为的总括，而“让新国家感觉像家”直接点明了本段乃至全文的一个核心情感主题。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 主旨关联：此空出现在最终升华段。Whatever ___34___ life in Italy might have... 这句话引导了文章的辩证思考，承认生活可能有“不如意之处”，从而为后文“这些问题在聚餐时被遗忘”的核心结论做铺垫。它体现了作者对定居生活的全面感悟，而非单一事件的描述。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 主旨关联：这是全文的点睛之笔和终极升华。文章通过语言障碍、文化适应等铺垫，最终落到“美食与亲情”这一核心主题上。the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal... 完美地总结了意大利生活方式中的精华——人际温情与快乐享受可以消解烦恼。这是对整个叙事旅程的最终价值提炼，是最典型的篇章主旨题。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【2026届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模英语试题】I had always loved hip-hop dancing, so when senior year began, I couldn’t wait for what I thought would be another exciting hip-hop class. But my heart 41 when I learned we had a new teacher — Ms. Barton, a strict ballet instructor. On that first day, I 42 in the crowd. While all the other girls wore perfect ballet outfits, I showed up in my 43 hip-hop clothes. My face burned when Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.” That night, I almost 44 . But something 45 inside me refused to give up and I kept trying. While Ms. Barton never smiled, I started noticing little nodes of 46 . Then came the shock — she asked me to join a ballet dance for our year-end show! During 47 , I tripped, I stumbled, but I kept going. On opening night, as the spotlight 48 me during the finale, all my nervousness 49 . The audience’s cheers washed over me like warm sunshine. Another 50 came on the last day of school. When Ms. Barton called my name for the “Ballerina” award, I nearly 51 my books. That serious teacher was actually smiling at me. As I received the award, a bit 52 , I smiled back at Ms. Barton and said, “Thank you for challenging me.” Holding the 53 , I realized something important — my biggest 54 had become my proudest moment. In that instant, it hit me: When you 55 in life, make it part of your dance. 41．A．beat B．sank C．pumped D．hardened 42．A．came out B．came by C．stood by D．stood out 43．A．worn B．tidy C．baggy D．tight 44．A．complained B．failed C．hesitated D．quit 45．A．stubborn B．humble C．passionate D．sensitive 46．A．dismissal B．approval C．proposal D．withdrawal 47．A．performances B．trials C．exercise D．practice 48．A．covered B．hit C．passed D．blinded 49．A．came up B．rose up C．melted away D．died away 50．A．shock B．task C．comfort D．lesson 51．A．opened B．dropped C．threw D．collected 52．A．teary-eyed B．cold-hearted C．long-faced D．weak-kneed 53．A．hand B．breath C．prize D．book 54．A．achievement B．acknowledgement C．embarrassment D．disappointment 55．A．trip B．jump C．run D．turn 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．C 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者本爱嘻哈舞，遇严格芭蕾老师后坚持练习，最终获认可，领悟挫折可成成长部分的故事。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我得知我们有了一位新老师——巴顿女士，一位严格的芭蕾舞教练时，我的心一沉。A. beat跳动；B. sank下沉；C. pumped输送；D. hardened变硬。根据前文“I couldn’t wait for what I thought would be another exciting hip-hop class”及后文“a strict ballet instructor”可知，作者期待嘻哈课却迎来严格芭蕾老师，心情低落，“heart sank”为固定表达，表心情沉重。故选B项。 42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：第一天，我在人群中很突出。A. came out出版；B. came by经过；C. stood by支持；D. stood out突出，显眼。根据后文“While all the other girls wore perfect ballet outfits, I showed up in...”可知，作者穿着与他人不同，在人群中很突出。故选D项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他女孩都穿着完美的芭蕾舞服，而我却穿着宽松的嘻哈服。A. worn破旧的；B. tidy整洁的；C. baggy宽松的；D. tight 紧身的。根据后文的“hip-hop clothes”以及常识可知，嘻哈风格服装通常较为宽松，与芭蕾服的紧致形成对比，符合语境。故选C项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我几乎要放弃了。A. complained抱怨；B. failed失败；C. hesitated犹豫；D. quit放弃。根据前文“Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.””可知，作者因表现差被批评，内心受挫，几乎想放弃。故选D项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我内心深处某种固执的东西拒绝放弃，我继续努力。A. stubborn固执的；B. humble谦逊的；C. passionate热情的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“refused to give up and I kept trying”可知，作者坚持不放弃，体现出固执的特质。故选A项。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然巴顿女士从不笑，但我开始注意到一些认可的迹象。A. dismissal解雇；B. approval认可；C. proposal提议；D. withdrawal退出。根据后文“she asked me to join a ballet dance for our year-end show”可知，老师邀请作者参加演出，说明之前已有认可的迹象。故选B项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在练习期间，我绊倒过、跌跌撞撞过，但我一直坚持。A. performances表演；B. trials试验；C. exercise锻炼；D. practice练习。根据后文“On opening night”可知，此处指演出前的练习阶段。故选D项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首演之夜，当终场时聚光灯照在我身上，我所有的紧张都消失了。A. covered覆盖；B. hit击中，照射；C. passed经过；D. blinded使失明。根据前文的“the spotlight”以及语境可知，此处表示指聚光灯击中作者，即照射在作者身上，符合语境。故选B项。 49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：首演之夜，当终场时聚光灯照在我身上，我所有的紧张都消失了。A. came up 出现；B. rose up 升起；C. melted away 逐渐消失；D. died away 渐渐减弱。根据后文“The audience’s cheers washed over me like warm sunshine”可知，作者因观众欢呼不再紧张，紧张感消失。故选C项。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个惊喜发生在学校的最后一天。A. shock惊喜，震惊；B. task任务；C. comfort安慰；D. lesson教训。根据后文“When Ms. Barton called my name for the “Ballerina” award”可知，作者意外获得奖项，这是一个惊喜，与前文“Then came the shock”呼应。故选A项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当巴顿女士叫我的名字，要给我颁发“芭蕾舞女演员”奖时，我几乎把书掉在地上。A. opened打开；B. dropped掉落；C. threw扔；D. collected收集。根据前文的“When Ms. Barton called my name for the “Ballerina” award”可知，作者因意外获奖而震惊，几乎失手掉书，符合当时的情绪反应。故选B项。 52．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：当我接过奖项时，眼里有些湿润，我回望着巴顿女士，说道：“谢谢您对我的挑战。”A. teary-eyed眼含泪水的；B. cold-hearted冷酷的；C. long-faced闷闷不乐的；D. weak-kneed软弱的。根据后文的“I smiled back at Ms. Barton and said, “Thank you for challenging me.””可知，作者因获得认可和感谢而感动，眼里含泪，符合语境。故选A项。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：握着这个奖项，我意识到一件重要的事——我最大的尴尬时刻已经变成了我最自豪的时刻。A. hand手；B. breath呼吸；C. prize奖项；D. book书。根据前文“As I received the award”可知，作者获得“Ballerina”奖，此处指握着这个奖项。故选C项。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：握着这个奖项，我意识到一件重要的事——我最大的尴尬时刻已经变成了我最自豪的时刻。A. achievement成就；B. acknowledgement认可；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. disappointment失望。根据前文“My face burned when Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.””可知，作者曾因表现差被批评，那是尴尬时刻，如今与自豪时刻形成对比。故选C项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我突然意识到：当你在生活中跌倒时，就把它当成你舞蹈的一部分。A. trip绊倒；B. jump跳跃；C. run跑步；D. turn转弯。根据前文“During practice, I tripped, I stumbled”可知，作者练习时曾绊倒，此处“trip”既指实际的绊倒，也象征生活中的挫折，呼应前文。故选A项。 变式2【广东省领航高中联盟2025一2026学年高三一轮复习10月阶段 】For years, I was into video games. Every day after school, I would disappear into virtual worlds, focusing on digital 21 while my schoolwork piled up untouched. My parents 22 my declining grades and fading friendships. “It’s just for relaxation,” I insisted, though the games brought me less joy and more 23 with each passing week. Then one day, my art teacher Mrs. Wilson 24 noticed the small drawings in my notebook — detailed character drawings inspired by my favorite games. “These show real 25 ,” she said, “Maybe you should try 26 game characters instead of just playing them.” At first, I 27 myself. But that weekend, I 28 to recreate my favorite video characters. My first drawings were 29 , but with Mrs. Wilson’s guidance, my skills improved. Also Mrs. Wilson’s positive responses 30 me to spend more time developing my own characters. The next year, my daily practice began to pay off. My game experience now helped me 31 what made characters appealing, allowing me to create better 32 ones. By graduation, my carefully collected artwork earned me a design school scholarship. At the graduation party, I showed my latest character design to my parents. “We’re proud of your 33 ,” my father said. I smiled, realizing my gaming passion, once seen as a 34 , had become the path to my future — when 35 wisely. 21．A．security B．achievements C．experiments D．creation 22．A．laughed at B．reflected on C．apologized for D．worried about 23．A．tiredness B．anticipation C．confidence D．discrimination 24．A．secretly B．accidentally C．regularly D．unwillingly 25．A．talent B．praise C．emotion D．humor 26．A．defeating B．comparing C．designing D．analyzing 27．A．comforted B．doubted C．challenged D．convinced 28．A．hesitated B．pretended C．continued D．attempted 29．A．rough B．impressive C．detailed D．complicated 30．A．warned B．ordered C．encouraged D．reminded 31．A．forget B．comprehend C．accept D．share 32．A．original B．realistic C．courageous D．wise 33．A．reliability B．optimism C．discovery D．growth 34．A．breakthrough B．confusion C．weakness D．priority 35．A．chosen B．promoted C．evaluated D．guided 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一度沉迷电子游戏，后来被老师发掘出绘画天赋，最终作者将游戏热情转化为设计才华，获得设计类院校的奖学金并赢得父母认可。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天放学后，我都会消失在虚拟世界里，专注于数字成就，而我的作业却堆积在那里。A. security安全；B. achievements成就；C. experiments实验；D. creation创造。根据上文“For years, I was into video games.”和下文“instead of just playing them”可知，作者沉迷电子游戏，在玩游戏中的人物角色，因此是指专注于数字成就，即在虚拟的电子游戏中完成任务，获得成功。故选B。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的父母担心我的成绩下降和友谊的疏远。A. laughed at嘲笑；B. reflected on反思；C. apologized for道歉；D. worried about担心。根据下文“my declining grades and fading friendships”可知，因为电子游戏，作者成绩下降，疏远了朋友，因此父母会很担心。故选D。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“只是为了放松，”我坚持说，尽管随着时间的流逝，游戏带给我的快乐越来越少，而更多的是疲惫。A. tiredness疲惫；B. anticipation预期；C. confidence信心；D. discrimination歧视。根据上文“though the games brought me less joy”可知，游戏带给作者的快乐越来越少，疲惫越来越多。故选A。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天，我的美术老师Wilson夫人偶然注意到我笔记本上的小图画——我最喜欢的游戏给了我详细的人物图画灵感。A. secretly秘密地；B. accidentally偶然地；C. regularly定期地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据上文“Then one day”和下文“noticed the small drawings in my notebook”可知，美术老师Wilson夫人注意到作者的小图画是某天偶然发生的事。故选B。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这些展示了真正的天赋，”她说，“也许你应该尝试设计游戏角色，而不是只是玩它们。”A. talent天赋；B. praise赞扬；C. emotion情绪；D. humor幽默。根据下文“Maybe you should try…game characters instead of just playing them.”可知，Wilson夫人建议作者不要只是玩角色，而是进行进一步的尝试。由此推知，她觉得作者的小图画展示了真正的天赋。故选A。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这些展示了真正的天赋，”她说，“也许你应该尝试设计游戏角色，而不是只是玩它们。”A. defeating击败；B. comparing比较；C. designing设计；D. analyzing分析。根据下文“to recreate my favorite video characters”可知，作者开始重现自己最喜欢的电子角色，因此Wilson夫人是建议作者尝试设计游戏角色。故选C。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我怀疑自己。A. comforted安慰；B. doubted怀疑；C. challenged挑战；D. convinced说服。根据下文“But that weekend, I…to recreate my favorite video characters.”可知，上下文有转折关系，作者后面才开始尝试，说明起初是怀疑自己。故选B。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但那个周末，我试图重现我最喜欢的电子角色。A. hesitated犹豫；B. pretended假装；C. continued继续；D. attempted尝试。根据上文“Maybe you should try…game characters instead of just playing them.”可知，作者遵循了Wilson夫人的建议，试图重现自己最喜欢的电子角色。故选D。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的第一幅画很粗糙，但在Wilson夫人的指导下，我的技巧提高了。A. rough粗糙的；B. impressive印象深刻的；C. detailed详细的；D. complicated复杂的。根据下文“but with Mrs. Wilson’s guidance, my skills improved”可知，上下文有转折关系，后来在Wilson夫人的指导下，作者的技巧有所提高，说明第一幅画很粗糙。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wilson夫人的积极回应也鼓励我花更多的时间塑造自己的角色。A. warned警告；B. ordered命令；C. encouraged激励；D. reminded提醒。根据上文“Mrs. Wilson’s positive responses”可知，Wilson夫人的积极回应有正面的效果，鼓励作者花更多的时间塑造自己的角色。故选C。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我的游戏体验帮助我理解了是什么让角色具有吸引力，从而让我能够创造出更好的原创角色。A. forget忘记；B. comprehend理解；C. accept接受；D. share分享。根据上文“My game experience”可知，游戏体验可以帮助作者理解让角色具有吸引力的要素。故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我的游戏体验帮助我理解了是什么让角色具有吸引力，从而让我能够创造出更好的原创角色。A. original原创的；B. realistic现实的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. wise明智的。根据上文“to spend more time developing my own characters”可知，作者在塑造自己的角色，因此是指创造出更好的原创角色。故选A。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们为你的成长感到骄傲，”父亲说。A. reliability可靠性；B. optimism乐观；C. discovery发现；D. growth成长。根据上文“By graduation, my carefully collected artwork earned me a design school scholarship.”可知，作者的创作为他赢得了设计学院的奖学金，说明他成长了，父母是为此感到骄傲。故选D。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，意识到我的游戏热情，曾经被视为一个弱点，在明智的引导下，已经成为我未来的道路。A. breakthrough突破；B. confusion困惑；C. weakness弱点；D. priority优先。根据上文“my declining grades and fading friendships”可知，因为沉迷电子游戏，作者成绩下降，疏远了朋友，这份游戏热情曾经会被视为一个弱点。故选C。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，意识到我的游戏热情，曾经被视为一个弱点，在明智的引导下，已经成为我未来的道路。A. chosen选择；B. promoted晋升；C. evaluated评估；D. guided指导。根据上文“my art teacher Mrs. Wilson…noticed the small drawings in my notebook — detailed character drawings inspired by my favorite games”、“with Mrs. Wilson’s guidance”和“Mrs. Wilson’s positive responses”可知，Wilson夫人发现了作者创作游戏人物的天赋，给予作者引导和积极的回应，让作者在绘画上取得成就，因此此处指Wilson夫人明智地引导了作者的游戏热情。故选D。 ◇题型 05 文化背景推断题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1【2023年浙江1月卷】The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk. 49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up. 41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves 43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey 49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately 50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 52．A．high B．early C．fast D．close 53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 54．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry 55．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order 【答案】41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．A 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____1____ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。 文化/常识推断：制作火把的第一步，是“收集”潮湿的树叶。这是一个基于传统手工技艺常识的推断。学生需要知道制作简易火把的自然过程，而不仅仅是依靠上下文词汇。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。 文化/常识推断：收集并捆好树叶后，要使其成为“火把”，最核心的动作就是“点燃”它。这是基于火把功能和使用常识的直接推断。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。 49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。 51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。 文化/常识推断：后文提到“幼蜂仍在蜂巢中”，因此前文“凉爽的夏天延迟了______”指的就是延迟了蜜蜂的“孵化”过程。这需要一定的自然生物学常识或对蜜蜂生命周期的了解，才能将天气与繁殖周期联系起来。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. person个人；D. order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。 文化/常识推断：当蜂巢被入侵（吹入烟雾），成年蜜蜂最本能、最合理的反应就是被激怒，从而“不断攻击”。这是基于对动物行为普遍常识的推断。 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【福建省百校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题】 Recently, I found myself constantly 21 my phone during daily life. There was no real reason, just a feeling of being 22 to the digital world. I 23 that both children and parents today live in a culture of constant stress. We have more 24 than ever, but less time to think about it. We receive endless parenting advice online and feel 25 to be perfect in every way. This is especially 26 for mothers, who often feel they must do more and be more, which leads to constant comparison and 27 . I tried to 28 everything perfectly at home and in life. I often looked at social media and 29 that I wasn’t doing enough. It was hard to 30 being present with my children and trying to achieve more. But I started to 31 what children really need. Maybe they don’t need a perfect life—they just need a calm and caring parent. Now I try to choose a 32 way of parenting. I focus on being intentional rather than trying to do too much. Sometimes I feel 33 of not meeting society’s expectations. I want my children to remember happy 34 , not perfect ones. When I feel anxious, I 35 myself that my children need a healthy and present mother, not a perfect one. I can build a home filled with trust, strength, and love. And perhaps, that is enough. 21．A．checking B．hiding C．searching D．buying 22．A．connected B．opposed C．blind D．strange 23．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．forgot 24．A．money B．information C．noise D．food 25．A．stressful B．pleased C．energetic D．free 26．A．true B．easy C．innovative D．flexible 27．A．joy B．guilt C．confidence D．courage 28．A．respond to B．depend on C．keep up D．set aside 29．A．hoped B．proved C．promised D．worried 30．A．balance B．remember C．enjoy D．describe 31．A．answer B．question C．explain D．ignore 32．A．simpler B．stricter C．clearer D．faster 33．A．proud B．ashamed C．tired D．appreciative 34．A．lessons B．results C．moments D．tests 35．A．punish B．remind C．ask D．warn 21．A 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者对现代育儿方式的反思以及自身育儿观念的转变。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我发现自己在日常生活中不停地查看手机。A. checking查看；B. hiding隐藏；C. searching搜索；D. buying购买。根据下文“my phone during daily life”可知，作者在日常生活中不停地查看手机。故选A。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有真正的原因，只是一种与数字世界相连的感觉。A. connected相连的；B. opposed反对的；C. blind盲目的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“my phone”和下文“to the digital world”可知，手机可以让作者和数字世界相连，因此作者查看手机是为了一种与数字世界相连的感觉。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到如今的孩子和父母都生活在一种持续的压力文化中。A. doubted怀疑；B. imagined想象；C. realized意识到；D. forgot忘记。根据“that both children and parents today live in a culture of constant stress”可知，作者意识到当今的父母和孩子都生活在压力文化中。故选C。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拥有的信息比以往任何时候都多，但却没有时间去思考。A. money金钱；B. information信息；C. noise噪音；D. food食物。根据下文“We receive endless parenting advice online”可知，我们接收到的信息比以前要多。故选B。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在网上收到无尽的育儿建议，并感到在各方面都要做到完美是有压力的。A. stressful有压力的；B. pleased高兴的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. free自由的。根据下文“be perfect in every way”可知，在各方面都要做到完美，这显然是会让人感到有压力的。故选A。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对于母亲来说尤其如此，她们常常觉得自己必须做得更多，变得更好，这导致了不断的比较和内疚。A. true真的；B. easy容易的；C. innovative创新的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“be perfect in every way”和下文“for mothers, who often feel they must do more and be more”可知，要在各方面做到完美这一点在母亲的身上真正体现出来了。故选A。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对于母亲来说尤其如此，她们常常觉得自己必须做得更多，变得更好，这导致了不断的比较和内疚。A. joy快乐；B. guilt内疚；C. confidence自信；D. courage勇气。根据上文“live in a culture of constant stress”和“who often feel they must do more and be more, which leads to constant comparison”可知，母亲们常常觉得自己必须做得更多，变得更好，她们会和人去比较，当觉得自己做得不好的时候她们会内疚，这也是压力的来源。故选B。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我试图在家里和生活中把一切都做到完美。A. respond to回应；B. depend on依靠；C. keep up保持；D. set aside留出。根据下文“everything perfectly at home and in life”可知，作者试图把家里的一切保持完美。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常看社交媒体，担心自己做得不够。A. hoped希望；B. proved证明；C. promised承诺；D. worried担心。根据下文“I wasn’t doing enough”可知，作者担心自己做得不够。故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难在陪伴孩子和追求更多之间找到平衡。A. balance平衡；B. remember记得；C. enjoy享受；D. describe描述。根据下文“being present with my children and trying to achieve more”可知，此处是指在陪伴孩子和追求更多之间找到平衡。故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我开始质疑孩子们真正需要的是什么。A. answer回答；B. question质疑；C. explain解释；D. ignore忽视。根据下文“what children really need. Maybe they don’t need a perfect life—they just need a calm and caring parent”可知，作者开始质疑孩子们真正需要的是什么。故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我试着选择一种更简单的育儿方式。A. simpler更简单的；B. stricter更严格的；C. clearer更清晰的；D. faster更快的。根据下文“I focus on being intentional rather than trying to do too much”可知，作者尝试选择一种更简单的育儿方式。故选A。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我会因为没有达到社会的期望而感到羞愧。A. proud骄傲的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. tired疲惫的；D. appreciative感激的。根据下文“not meeting society’s expectations”可知，作者有时候会因为没有达到社会的期望而感到羞愧。故选B。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子们记住的是快乐的时刻，而不是完美的时刻。A. lessons课程；B. results结果；C. moments时刻；D. tests测试。根据上文“I want my children to remember happy”可知，作者肯定是希望孩子们记住快乐的时刻。故选C。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我感到焦虑时，我会提醒自己，我的孩子们需要一个健康且在场的母亲，而不是一个完美的母亲。A. punish惩罚；B. remind提醒；C. ask询问；D. warn警告。根据下文“myself that my children need a healthy and present mother”可知，作者是提醒自己孩子们需要的是一个健康的，陪伴着他们的母亲。故选B。 变式2【江苏省澄宜六校联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月学情调研】My journey into the world of rock climbing began through an online connection. I’ve been 41 about climbing for a long time but never got the opportunity to try it myself. I got in touch with Octavia, a seasoned climber, on social media. She was friendly and 42 to tell me about her history with rock climbing. I was immediately attracted. During the video chat, Octavia 43 me to climb near Brasov, one of the amazing locations for climbing. I was excited to meet her and experience her 44 for climbing firsthand. Octavia had 45 a beginner-friendly climbing route, 46 designed to provide both challenges and victories. My 47 about whether this was safe or not quickly disappeared. She explained the 48 features of the whole climbing equipment. With Octavia’s help, I began my first step and each foothold and handhold 49 my determination. Her constant encouragement acted as a safety net, 50 my confidence in the way I hadn’t anticipated. It also 51 a child-like enjoyment of adventure in me. After my initial climb, tiredness rose through my body, but it was 52 by an excitement that only adventure can bring. As time passed, however, the tiredness 53 , and my energy levels gradually returned. Octavia’s encouragement became the   54 that kept me coming back for more. Rock climbing proved to be a dynamic integration of physical strength and mental 55 . I wasn’t just climbing, I was solving problems and finding solutions. The support and friendship was an unexpected bonus. 41．A．committed B．annoyed C．enthusiastic D．nervous 42．A．bound B．hesitant C．anxious D．ashamed 43．A．assigned B．followed C．declined D．invited 44．A．passion B．target C．justice D．sympathy 45．A．detected B．prepared C．exposed D．observed 46．A．randomly B．thoughtfully C．frequently D．accidentally 47．A．fortune B．argument C．value D．doubt 48．A．evaluation B．prediction C．warning D．safety 49．A．frightened B．fueled C．struck D．anticipated 50．A．boosting B．envying C．shaking D．experimenting 51．A．tested out B．put through C．brought back D．held on 52．A．suspended B．recognized C．consulted D．accompanied 53．A．faded B．demonstrated C．sustained D．refreshed 54．A．dignity B．motivation C．symbol D．comprehension 55．A．perseverance B．campaign C．leadership D．integrity 41．C 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．B 47．D 48．D 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．D 53．A 54．B 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己通过社交媒体结识了一位有经验的攀岩者Octavia，并在她的邀请下第一次尝试了攀岩运动的经历，描述了初次攀岩的感受以及这项运动对身体和心理带来的挑战。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间以来，我一直热衷于攀岩，但一直没有机会亲自尝试。A. committed忠诚的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. nervous紧张的。根据后文“but never got the opportunity to try it myself”可知，作者想尝试攀岩，但是没有机会，由此可推断出，作者热衷于攀岩。故选C项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很友好，急切地告诉我她攀岩的历史。A. bound必然的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. anxious渴望的，急切的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据前文“She was friendly”可知，Octavia对作者很友好，再结合后文的“to tell me about her history with rock climbing”可知，Octavia急切地跟作者分享她的攀岩历史。故选C项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频聊天期间，Octavia邀请我去布拉斯夫附近攀岩，那是攀岩的绝佳地点之一。A. assigned分配；B. followed跟随；C. declined拒绝；D. invited邀请。根据后文“I was excited to meet her and experience her __4__ for climbing firsthand.”可知，作者很兴奋去见Octavia，由此可推断出，Octavia邀请作者去攀岩。故选D项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋能见到她，能亲自体验她对攀岩的热情。A. passion热情；B. target目标；C. justice正义；D. sympathy同情。根据前文“tell me about her history with rock climbing”和“I was immediately attracted”可知，Octavia分享攀岩历史这件事立刻吸引了作者，由此可推断出，Octavia对攀岩有热情。故选A项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Octavia准备了一条适合新手的攀岩路线，这条路线是经过深思熟虑设计的，旨在提供挑战和胜利。A. detected发现；B. prepared准备；C. exposed暴露；D. observed观察。根据后文“a beginner-friendly climbing route”可知，这是一条适合新手的攀岩路线，由此可推断出，这是Octavia专门为作者准备的。故选B项。 46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Octavia准备了一条适合新手的攀岩路线，这条路线是经过深思熟虑设计的，旨在提供挑战和胜利。A. randomly随机地；B. thoughtfully深思熟虑地；C. frequently频繁地；D. accidentally意外地。根据前文“a beginner-friendly climbing route”以及后文“designed to provide both challenges and victories”可知，这条攀岩路线是初学者攀岩路线，旨在提供挑战和胜利，由此可推断出，这条路线是Octavia深思熟虑设计的。故选B项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对于这是否安全这件事的疑虑很快就消失了。A. fortune运气；B. argument争论；C. value价值；D. doubt疑虑。根据后文“whether this was safe or not were quickly disappeared”可知，最初作者对安全性有所疑虑，但这种疑虑很快消失。故选D项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她解释了整个攀岩设备的安全特性。A. evaluation评估；B. prediction预测；C. warning警告；D. safety安全。根据前文“My __7__ about whether this was safe or not were quickly disappeared”可知，作者对于攀岩的安全性有疑虑，再结合后文的“features of the whole climbing equipment”可知，Octavia给作者解释了攀岩设备的相关特性，由此可推断出，Octavia给作者解释的是攀岩设备的安全特性。故选D项。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Octavia的帮助下，我迈出了第一步，每一个立足点和支撑点都增强了我的决心。A. frightened吓唬；B. fueled增强；C. struck打击；D. anticipated预期。根据后文“my determination”可知，Octavia帮助作者开始了攀岩之旅，作者每迈出一步，都增强了作者攀岩的决心。故选B项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不断的鼓励就像一张安全网，增强了我的信心，这是我未曾预料到的。A. boosting增强；B. envying嫉妒；C. shaking摇晃；D. experimenting做实验。根据前文“Her constant encouragement”可知，Octavia一直在鼓励作者，再结合后文“my confidence”可知，Octavia的鼓励增强了作者的信心。故选A项。 51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它也让我找回了孩童般的冒险乐趣。A. tested out试验；B. put through接通电话；C. brought back带回；D. held on坚持。根据后文的“a child-like enjoyment of adventure”可知，攀岩让作者找回了孩童般的冒险乐趣。故选C项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我最初的攀爬之后，疲倦感在我的身体里蔓延开来，但它伴随着一种只有冒险才能带来的兴奋感。A. suspended暂停；B. recognized认出；C. consulted咨询；D. accompanied伴随。根据前文“After my initial climb, tiredness rose through my body”可知，作者初次攀岩后感到疲倦，再结合后文“by an excitement that only adventure can bring”可知，但是作者同时也感到很兴奋，由此可推断出，疲倦感伴随着兴奋感。故选D项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，疲倦感逐渐消退，我的能量水平也逐渐恢复。A. faded消退；B. demonstrated证明；C. sustained维持；D. refreshed恢复精力。根据后文的“my energy levels gradually returned”可知，作者的能量水平逐渐恢复了，由此可推断出，作者的疲倦感逐渐消退。故选A项。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Octavia的鼓励成为让我回来的动力。A. dignity尊严；B. motivation动力；C. symbol象征；D. comprehension理解。根据后文“kept me coming back for more”可知，作者不断地回来尝试攀岩，可推知，Octavia的鼓励是作者继续攀岩的动力。故选B项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：攀岩证明了是体力和毅力的完美结合。A. perseverance毅力；B. campaign活动；C. leadership领导力；D. integrity正直。根据前文对作者攀岩经历的描述，再结合“a dynamic combination of physical strength and mental”可知，攀岩需要体力，同时也需要坚持下去的毅力。故选A项。 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题15 记叙文+夹叙夹议文完形 —— 情节线与情感线追踪 目录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】情节发展的时空线索追踪 【考点02】人物情感的动态变化分析 【考点03】语境线索的多维识别技巧 【考点04】文化背景知识的融合运用 【考点05】篇章结构的整体把握能力 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 【题型01】情节发展逻辑题 【题型02】情感态度推断题 【题型03】语境词汇复现题 【题型04】篇章主旨理解题 【题型05】文化背景推断题 核心考向聚焦 核心价值：落实立德树人根本任务，通过真实、温暖、有成长性的记叙类语篇，引导学生理解人性善意、责任担当、文化共情与自我反思，培养积极人生态度和跨文化理解力。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力： ✅整体理解能力：把握记叙文“起因—发展—高潮—结局”结构； ✅ 双线追踪能力：同步梳理情节推进线与人物情感变化线； ✅ 语境推理能力：基于上下文线索（复现、指代、逻辑连接）精准选词； ✅ 文化意识与价值观判断力：理解西方语境中的行为动机与情感表达方式。 培优瓶颈： 🔸 只见树木，不见森林：过度关注单句语法或词汇辨析，忽视全文脉络； 🔸 情感误判：混淆相似情绪（如 embarrassed vs ashamed, disappointed vs discouraged）； 🔸 文化隔阂：对道歉、助人、独立等西方常见行为逻辑缺乏认知； 🔸 夹叙夹议识别弱：忽略议论句（作者观点/感悟），导致主旨题失分。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测： 🔹 记叙文仍为主流，夹叙夹议比重稳中有升，强调“故事+启示”双要素； 🔹 情感描写更细腻，心理动词与副词设空增多（如 hesitantly, reluctantly, tearfully）； 🔹 文化融合类题材受青睐（如跨代沟通、社区互助、环保行动）； 🔹 首尾呼应、主旨升华类题目区分度高，将成为拉分关键。 策略： ✨ 双线图解法：通读时用“→”标情节节点，用“↑↓”标情感起伏； ✨ 三遍阅读法： 　　① 首遍速读抓主线（5分钟内）； 　　② 二遍细读填空，紧扣上下文； 　　③ 三遍回读验证情感与逻辑一致性； ✨ 建立“情感-行为”对应库（如：guilty → avoid eye contact / apologize；proud → stand tall / smile softly）； ✨ 积累高频文化场景：道歉文化、志愿服务、家庭对话、校园成长等。 ◇考点 01 情节发展的时空线索追踪 记叙文的情节发展遵循一定的时空逻辑，时间顺序和空间转换是推动故事前进的基本框架。准确追踪时空线索，能够帮助学生把握故事的发展脉络，预测后续情节，为解题提供重要依据。时空线索通常通过时间状语、地点状语、动作序列等语言标记体现，需要学生具备敏锐的识别能力和逻辑梳理能力。 时空线索追踪体系 时间线索识别 显性时间标记：具体时间（年/月/日）、时间副词（then, later, finally） 隐性时间暗示：时态变化（过去时→现在时）、动作先后顺序 时间逻辑关系：顺承、转折、因果、对比 空间线索分析 地点转换标记：方位词（here, there, above）、移动动词（go, come, return） 场景切换信号：环境描写、新人物出现、事件转换 空间关系类型：并列、包含、对比、转换 时空线索整合策略 绘制简易时间轴：标注关键事件节点 建立空间关系图：明确场景转换逻辑 关联时空与事件：分析时空变化对情节的影响 遇到涉及时间或地点的题目时，应立即在脑海中构建"时空坐标"，将当前空格置于整体时空框架中分析。特别注意表示时间转换的连接词（如however, suddenly, meanwhile）和地点转换的过渡句，这些往往是情节发展的转折点，也是解题的关键信息点。 ◇考点 02 人物情感的动态变化分析 人物情感是记叙文和夹叙夹议文的灵魂，情感的动态变化反映了人物在特定情境下的心理活动和价值取向。高考完形填空常通过考查情感形容词、副词或动词来检验学生对人物内心世界的把握能力。情感变化往往与情节发展紧密相连，形成"事件发生→情感反应→行为选择"的逻辑链条。 情感变化分析框架 情感表现形式 直接表达：情感形容词（happy, sad, surprised） 间接暗示：行为描写（smile, cry, sigh）、环境烘托 语言标志：感叹句、反问句、心理描写 情感变化模式 单一情感深化：如从"好奇"到"痴迷" 对立情感转换：如从"绝望"到"希望" 复合情感交织：如"既惊讶又感动" 情感分析方法 定位情感触发点：识别引发情感变化的关键事件 建立情感变化曲线：梳理情感发展脉络 关联情感与行为：分析情感对人物行为的影响 在阅读过程中，建议用符号标注人物情感变化（如↑表示积极情感提升，↓表示消极情感加剧），形成可视化的情感轨迹。特别关注情感转折点前后的语境，通常会有表示转折、递进或因果关系的连接词（如but, however, therefore）作为情感变化的信号。 ◇考点 03 语境线索的多维识别技巧 语境线索是完形填空解题的核心依据，包括上下文语义、逻辑关系、文化背景等多个维度。二轮复习需突破"孤立看空格"的局限，建立"全方位语境扫描"的思维模式，从词语、句子、段落三个层面提取有效信息，形成解题的证据链。语境线索的识别能力直接决定了解题的准确率和效率。 语境线索识别体系 语义线索 同义/近义复现：上下文出现的同义词或近义词 反义对比：上下文出现的反义词或对比关系 词汇搭配：固定短语、习惯表达、主谓/动宾搭配 逻辑线索 因果关系：because, so, therefore, as a result 转折关系：but, however, yet, instead 递进关系：besides, moreover, furthermore 条件关系：if, unless, in case 结构线索 平行结构：排比句、对称句式中的结构一致 指代关系：it, they, this, that等代词的指代对象 篇章结构：总-分、分-总、对比、例证等结构模式 ：遇到不确定的空格时，采用"三向定位法"——向前看（上文已提供的信息）、向后看（下文将要出现的信息）、向中间看（空格所在句子的内部逻辑）。特别注意"词汇链"现象，即围绕同一主题的相关词汇会在上下文中重复出现，形成语义场，这是解题的重要线索。 ◇考点 04 文化背景知识的融合运用 高考完形填空的语篇材料常涉及不同国家和地区的文化背景、风俗习惯、价值观念等内容。文化背景知识的缺乏可能导致对文章内容的误读，影响解题准确性。二轮复习需系统梳理英语国家文化常识，培养跨文化意识，学会从文化视角解读人物行为和情节发展，避免用母语文化思维理解英语语境。 文化背景知识体系 日常习俗文化 社交礼仪：问候方式、餐桌礼仪、礼物赠送 节日庆典：圣诞节、感恩节、复活节等传统节日 生活习惯：饮食偏好、时间观念、社交距离 价值观念文化 个人主义与集体主义的差异 隐私观念与人际关系处理方式 竞争意识与合作精神的表现 文化符号理解 颜色象征意义：如白色在西方代表纯洁，在东方代表哀悼 动物文化寓意：如狗在西方象征忠诚，在某些文化中可能有负面含义 数字文化内涵：如13在西方文化中的禁忌含义 ：在阅读过程中，遇到涉及文化差异的内容时，应立即激活相关文化知识储备，避免"文化过滤"现象（即用母语文化解读目标语文化）。对于不熟悉的文化现象，可通过上下文语境进行推理，关注文中人物的反应和评价，以此作为理解文化背景的线索。 ◇考点 05 篇章结构的整体把握能力 1. 形容词转化为名词后缀 2. 常考的不可数名词 3. 名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况 篇章结构是文章的骨架，决定了内容的组织方式和信息的呈现顺序。记叙文和夹叙夹议文通常具有清晰的结构模式，如"开端-发展-高潮-结局"的叙事结构，或"叙事-议论-升华"的夹叙夹议结构。整体把握篇章结构有助于学生从宏观角度理解文章主旨，识别段落间的逻辑关系，为微观解题提供宏观指导。 篇章结构分析框架 记叙文结构模式 线性叙事：按时间顺序展开，如顺叙、倒叙、插叙 非线性叙事：多线索并行、时空交错等复杂叙事方式 关键结构要素：背景介绍、冲突产生、发展过程、解决方式、结局 夹叙夹议文结构模式 叙事引出观点：故事+议论+总结 观点统帅叙事：论点+故事例证+深化观点 叙事议论交织：边叙述边评论，观点随故事发展逐步呈现 篇章结构分析方法 段落功能识别：主题段、过渡段、总结段 信号词定位：识别表示结构转换的连接词 主旨句提炼：找出各段主题句，构建文章主旨框架 篇章结构图绘制：用思维导图呈现文章结构关系 建议采用"两遍阅读法"——第一遍快速阅读，关注文章整体结构和主旨大意，不纠结于个别空格；第二遍精读，结合对篇章结构的理解，逐空分析解题。特别注意文章首尾段的呼应关系，以及各段落之间的过渡句，这些往往包含重要的结构信息和解题线索。 ◇题型 01 情节发展逻辑题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1（2025年全国一卷）One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us. 41．A．painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 42．A．hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 43．A．store B．display C．sell D．repair 44．A．covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 45．A．conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 46．A．fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 47．A．move B．pay C．market D．work 48．A．warning B．request C．description D．reply 49．A．Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 50．A．visits B．reports C．advice D．money 51．A．remove B．spare C．find D．check 52．A．investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 53．A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 54．A．joy B．part C．care D．time 55．A．anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 典例2【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____. I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【湖南省名校联盟联考2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语】 In Victoria, 33-year-old Brianna Hurst risked her own safety to save the lives of three drowning strangers. The event 21 near Apollo Bay on Sunday afternoon. As the sunny afternoon took a dark turn, Brianna Hurst found herself 22 turned into the role of a hero. Sitting alone on the beach, she heard the panicked 23 of a swimmer who had managed to reach the shore. Without hesitation, Hurst 24 towards the water and dived in, swimming towards the three struggling men. “I went to the one that was 25 to me,” she recounted. “I had to swim out about 20m to get him.” Not frightened by the 26 , Hurst pulled each unconscious (昏迷的) man to safety one by one. With each rescue, 27 anything, she risked her own safety to bring the trapped swimmers back to shore. “At first there were not many other people on the beach, but by the time I was 28 the third person out, they saw what was happening and came to help,” Hurst recalled. 29 with other concerned beachgoers, Hurst performed CPR (心肺复苏术) until 30 workers arrived on the scene. Unfortunately, despite their best efforts, one of the men could not 31 and died of the suffering. However, the quick actions of Brianna Hurst undoubtedly saved the 32 of the other two men, aged 23 and 24, who are currently 33 in hospital. Acting Senior Sergeant Stephen Bull 34 Hurst’s courageous efforts, acknowledging the undeniable impact of her selfless 35 . 21．A．fell B．lay C．unfolded D．located 22．A．unaffectedly B．unexpectedly C．unconditionally D．undoubtedly 23．A．laughter B．whisper C．cheers D．cries 24．A．turned B．came C．pointed D．rushed 25．A．slowest B．biggest C．closest D．youngest 26．A．events B．waves C．strangers D．challenges 27．A．setting aside B．thinking over C．turning to D．giving up 28．A．letting B．pulling C．bringing D．making 29．A．Working B．Comparing C．Agreeing D．Taking 30．A．medical B．commercial C．technical D．social 31．A．wait B．survive C．insist D．walk 32．A．trouble B．lives C．strengths D．dignity 33．A．training B．volunteering C．operating D．recovering 34．A．imagined B．inspired C．praised D．described 35．A．concerns B．words C．act D．love 变式2【福建省百校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题】 Recently, I found myself constantly 21 my phone during daily life. There was no real reason, just a feeling of being 22 to the digital world. I 23 that both children and parents today live in a culture of constant stress. We have more 24 than ever, but less time to think about it. We receive endless parenting advice online and feel 25 to be perfect in every way. This is especially 26 for mothers, who often feel they must do more and be more, which leads to constant comparison and 27 . I tried to 28 everything perfectly at home and in life. I often looked at social media and 29 that I wasn’t doing enough. It was hard to 30 being present with my children and trying to achieve more. But I started to 31 what children really need. Maybe they don’t need a perfect life—they just need a calm and caring parent. Now I try to choose a 32 way of parenting. I focus on being intentional rather than trying to do too much. Sometimes I feel 33 of not meeting society’s expectations. I want my children to remember happy 34 , not perfect ones. When I feel anxious, I 35 myself that my children need a healthy and present mother, not a perfect one. I can build a home filled with trust, strength, and love. And perhaps, that is enough. 21．A．checking B．hiding C．searching D．buying 22．A．connected B．opposed C．blind D．strange 23．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．forgot 24．A．money B．information C．noise D．food 25．A．stressful B．pleased C．energetic D．free 26．A．true B．easy C．innovative D．flexible 27．A．joy B．guilt C．confidence D．courage 28．A．respond to B．depend on C．keep up D．set aside 29．A．hoped B．proved C．promised D．worried 30．A．balance B．remember C．enjoy D．describe 31．A．answer B．question C．explain D．ignore 32．A．simpler B．stricter C．clearer D．faster 33．A．proud B．ashamed C．tired D．appreciative 34．A．lessons B．results C．moments D．tests 35．A．punish B．remind C．ask D．warn ◇题型 02 情感态度推断题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例【2025全国二卷】Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 for many social media users. 41．A．write B．travel C．exercise D．recover 42．A．goodwill B．timeout C．long-distance D．wake-up 43．A．normally B．ultimately C．suddenly D．automatically 44．A．change B．fortune C．wish D．deal 45．A．risky B．traditional C．comfortable D．healthy 46．A．demand B．secret C．passion D．cure 47．A．peace B．fitness C．fun D．nature 48．A．grow B．control C．activate D．relax 49．A．need B．choice C．reason D．difference 50．A．green light B．road block C．passing mark D．stepping stone 51．A．Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive 52．A．accepted B．shared C．expected D．celebrated 53．A．goal B．case C．duty D．cost 54．A．instructors B．admirers C．beginners D．doubters 55．A．authority B．excuse C．inspiration D．option 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【安徽省江淮十校2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题】 Teeth as time capsules Teeth, in their seemingly ordinary role, hold within them a silent history. They reflect not only our personal stories but also the collective 41 of those before us. I’ll never forget the moment when I lost a 42 as a child. It was a typical childhood experience — one that, in the moment, felt quite 43 . But as I reflect now, it 44 more than just physical growth. It marks the march of time. Teeth, like memories, change and decay (腐烂) , but they never truly disappear. They’re a 45 of our passage through life, one small bite at a time. This idea of teeth as silent witnesses to personal history is something I’ve 46 more deeply as I’ve grown older. My grandmother, Zosia, was a dentist in post-war Poland. She didn’t pursue the profession out of passion, but out of 47 — after the war, the country was in 48 need of skilled workers. Her work, though often about 49 pain, also bore the weight of history. Every tooth she extracted and every cavity (龋洞) she filled, was 50 to the struggles, grief and survival of a generation marked by war. Her dental work wasn’t just a job — it was a way to 51 the broken lives around her. I now understand how my grandmother’s dental work goes beyond its medical purpose-it is a (an) 52 of remembering and preserving the past in ways we often forget. In a 53 , teeth carry the imprint (印记) of time. They’re silent witnesses to our history, 54 in plain sight, reminding us of how we’ve survived, how we’ve grown, and how we continue to carry the 55 of our pasts. 41．A．accidents B．emergencies C．experiences D．adventures 42．A．tooth B．toy C．pencil D．book 43．A．depressing B．minor C．exciting D．major 44．A．allows B．requires C．symbolizes D．records 45．A．victim B．mystery C．sufferer D．reminder 46．A．thought about B．looked up C．cared for D．taken on 47．A．guilt B．necessity C．anger D．curiosity 48．A．difficult B．quick C．emotional D．desperate 49．A．relieving B．maintaining C．deleting D．welcoming 50．A．exposed B．tied C．expected D．opposed 51．A．call B．grow C．heal D．protect 52．A．change B．example C．discovery D．form 53．A．case B．sense C．row D．hurry 54．A．hidden B．abandoned C．created D．shown 55．A．culture B．tradition C．weight D．pressure 变式2【广东省部分学校2025-2026学年高三上学期10月联考英语试题】 When disasters strike, concerned people often send tons of donations. In western North Carolina, after Hurricane Helene destroyed the region, Clara Carrias, a mother of three, stepped up to help. Clara spent her afternoons at BeLoved Asheville sorting 21 items and preparing them for 22 . Surrounded by 23 shelves of toilet paper, children’s toys, first aid kits, and tons of packaged food, Clara worked 24 to ensure that these supplies reached those in need. Despite the challenges of power outages, landslides, and impassable roads, Clara navigated dangerous mountain terrain to 25 care packages of food, water, and cleaning supplies to people in 26 areas. Clara’s 27 was evident in her willingness to continue her volunteer work even while she was dealing with storm 28 to her own home. During the storm, a tree fell onto her home, directly over one of her children’s bedrooms. Amy Cantrell, one of the founders of BeLoved Asheville, 29 Clara’s unwavering devotion. “She was helping hundreds of people, coming here for hours 30 ,” Cantrell said, “She was standing on her feet, hugging people, wiping away tears, then 31 her vehicle and taking supplies out to people in very remote areas.” Clara’s efforts were not only 32 in the immediate rescue work of the hurricane but also in the long-term 33 process. More than nine months later, the region still faces economic instability, food insecurity, and housing shortages, but volunteers like Clara 34 to make a significant difference. Her story highlights the importance of community support and the lasting impact of individual 35 in disaster recovery. 21．A．processed B．recycled C．imported D．donated 22．A．regulation B．inspection C．distribution D．consumption 23．A．empty B．towering C．adjustable D．shallow 24．A．slowly B．temporarily C．tirelessly D．mindlessly 25．A．deliver B．explore C．identify D．assess 26．A．developed B．remote C．historic D．downtown 27．A．vision B．potential C．commitment D．curiosity 28．A．conflict B．pressure C．pollution D．damage 29．A．praised B．ignored C．promoted D．questioned 30．A．by chance B．on end C．in secret D．at random 31．A．breaking down B．setting off C．turning over D．loading up 32．A．specific B．optional C．crucial D．abstract 33．A．expansion B．reform C．negotiation D．recovery 34．A．refuse B．continue C．hesitate D．pretend 35．A．efforts B．priorities C．resources D．origins ◇题型 03 语境词汇复现题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1【2025浙江1月卷】Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 42 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 43 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro 44 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 45 her hobby of buying food, 46 new recipes and holding dinner parties. “It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48 her native home; other times she 49 dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a restaurant where the service is 51 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 52 . “But it’s also a great 53 , for it can sometimes take days to 54 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 41．A．reading B．traveling C．cooking D．teaching 42．A．hobby B．energy C．education D．money 43．A．coworkers B．students C．relatives D．strangers 44．A．pays B．charges C．owes D．raises 45．A．pursuing B．choosing C．discussing D．changing 46．A．passing on B．trying out C．going over D．taking down 47．A．hire B．help C．meet D．train 48．A．in addition to B．in return for C．in honor of D．in line with 49．A．replaces B．tastes C．orders D．pairs 50．A．opposed B．related C．subject D．vital 51．A．invaluable B．impersonal C．unsuitable D．unprofessional 52．A．surprise B．end C．need D．problem 53．A．lesson B．pleasure C．success D．challenge 54．A．celebrate B．record C．attend D．organise 55．A．selected B．reserved C．evaluated D．requested 变式1【江苏省徐州市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中零模英语试题】 Ella, together with her dad and grandma, moved to Alaska when dad got a railroad job there. Ella loved the new place 21 . Grandma, though, hated it. She 22 about the bone-chilling cold. She spent her days by the window, her knitting needles idle in her lap, longing for the Kansas sun and her 23 . Ella’s worry grew into a tight knot in her chest. 24 , she turned to her new friend, Sarah, and her kind aunt, Grace. “She 25 her sunflowers,” Ella explained. Grace suggested making a sunflower-patterned quilt. The three secretly sewed it, using 26 threads for sunflowers Ella fetched from home. Yet Ella soon noticed grandma growing 27 — she even cried one day, saying, “I’m so 28 .” Ella realized she’d been so busy sewing that she’d 29 grandma. What grandma needed wasn’t a quilt, but 30 . Ella took grandma to Sarah’s house, where she 31 the quilt project. Tears filled grandma’s eyes. “You did this for me?” She 32 them, and the four sewed together. They talked, 33 stories of Kansas and Alaska, laughed at Sarah’s jokes, and listened to Grace’s wisdom. Grandma’s skilled fingers guided the younger ones, her laughter joining theirs. Ella knew then that they weren’t just sewing a quilt; they were 34 her grandmother’s heart, and in doing so, they were building a new 35 , together, under the vast Alaskan sky. 21．A．consequently B．instantly C．finally D．casually 22．A．worried B．inquired C．complained D．commented 23．A．quilts B．garden C．neighborhood D．sunflowers 24．A．Desperate B．Confused C．Disappointed D．Awkward 25．A．admires B．cuts C．misses D．plants 26．A．strong B．bright C．expensive D．rare 27．A．weaker B．older C．stranger D．sadder 28．A．exhausted B．worthless C．hopeless D．homesick 29．A．deserted B．neglected C．blamed D．spoiled 30．A．encouragement B．help C．company D．pity 31．A．revealed B．evaluated C．accomplished D．designed 32．A．comforted B．observed C．congratulated D．joined 33．A．shared B．read C．invented D．adapted 34．A．opening B．winning C．softening D．mending 35．A．relationship B．life C．identity D．style 变式2【广东省2025-2026学年高三上学期11月联考英语试题】 It was a warm Saturday afternoon. My best friend Leo and I were sitting on the grass in the community park, chatting about our daily lives and future 21 . We’d been friends since primary school, sharing every joy and worry, and that day, a sudden idea 22 us. “Why not bury a time capsule?” Leo suggested excitedly. His eyes sparkled with 23 . I nodded immediately, what a wonderful way to 24 our present moments and dreams for the future. We rushed to my home to 25 items for the capsule. Leo brought his favorite soccer ball keychain and a handwritten letter, while I 26 a photo of us at the school picnic and a list of my personal goals. We then 27 a sturdy metal box from the garage — perfect for keeping our treasures safe. After carefully placing all the items inside, we 28 the box tightly with tape. “Where should we bury it?” Leo asked. We walked around the park and finally chose a spot under an old oak tree, whose thick roots would 29 the capsule from being found accidentally. Digging a hole with a small shovel was harder than we 30 . Sweat dripped down our foreheads, but we kept going, laughing and encouraging each other. When the hole was deep enough, we gently placed the box inside and 31 the dirt back. To mark the spot, we put a small stone on top, making a silent 32 to return and open it someday. As we sat back on the grass, staring at the stone, we talked about what life might be like when we dug up the capsule. Leo hoped he’d become a professional soccer player, while I 33 to be a writer. We 34 that no matter how life changed, our friendship would remain unchanged. That afternoon, we didn’t just bury a box of items, we sealed our 35 and the purity of our friendship. Every time I pass that oak tree now, I can’t help smiling, remembering the excitement of that day and the beautiful expectations we shared. 21．A．challenges B．dreams C．schedules D．hobbies 22．A．struck B．annoyed C．confused D．disappointed 23．A．anxiety B．surprise C．excitement D．doubt 24．A．abandon B．preserve C．forget D．analyze 25．A．buy B．exchange C．select D．check 26．A．collected B．borrowed C．invented D．returned 27．A．borrowed B．found C．repaired D．designed 28．A．opened B．decorated C．wrapped D．sealed 29．A．protect B．separate C．benefit D．distinguish 30．A．promised B．imagined C．calculated D．proved 31．A．pushed B．took C．filled D．threw 32．A．plan B．excuse C．guess D．comment 33．A．desired B．hesitated C．refused D．pretended 34．A．argued B．predicted C．agreed D．warned 35．A．memories B．secrets C．complaints D．choices ◇题型 04 篇章主旨理解题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【2026届浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模英语试题】I had always loved hip-hop dancing, so when senior year began, I couldn’t wait for what I thought would be another exciting hip-hop class. But my heart 41 when I learned we had a new teacher — Ms. Barton, a strict ballet instructor. On that first day, I 42 in the crowd. While all the other girls wore perfect ballet outfits, I showed up in my 43 hip-hop clothes. My face burned when Ms. Barton made me demonstrate a grand plié (大屈膝), then told the class, “This is exactly how not to do it.” That night, I almost 44 . But something 45 inside me refused to give up and I kept trying. While Ms. Barton never smiled, I started noticing little nodes of 46 . Then came the shock — she asked me to join a ballet dance for our year-end show! During 47 , I tripped, I stumbled, but I kept going. On opening night, as the spotlight 48 me during the finale, all my nervousness 49 . The audience’s cheers washed over me like warm sunshine. Another 50 came on the last day of school. When Ms. Barton called my name for the “Ballerina” award, I nearly 51 my books. That serious teacher was actually smiling at me. As I received the award, a bit 52 , I smiled back at Ms. Barton and said, “Thank you for challenging me.” Holding the 53 , I realized something important — my biggest 54 had become my proudest moment. In that instant, it hit me: When you 55 in life, make it part of your dance. 41．A．beat B．sank C．pumped D．hardened 42．A．came out B．came by C．stood by D．stood out 43．A．worn B．tidy C．baggy D．tight 44．A．complained B．failed C．hesitated D．quit 45．A．stubborn B．humble C．passionate D．sensitive 46．A．dismissal B．approval C．proposal D．withdrawal 47．A．performances B．trials C．exercise D．practice 48．A．covered B．hit C．passed D．blinded 49．A．came up B．rose up C．melted away D．died away 50．A．shock B．task C．comfort D．lesson 51．A．opened B．dropped C．threw D．collected 52．A．teary-eyed B．cold-hearted C．long-faced D．weak-kneed 53．A．hand B．breath C．prize D．book 54．A．achievement B．acknowledgement C．embarrassment D．disappointment 55．A．trip B．jump C．run D．turn 变式2【广东省领航高中联盟2025一2026学年高三一轮复习10月阶段 】For years, I was into video games. Every day after school, I would disappear into virtual worlds, focusing on digital 21 while my schoolwork piled up untouched. My parents 22 my declining grades and fading friendships. “It’s just for relaxation,” I insisted, though the games brought me less joy and more 23 with each passing week. Then one day, my art teacher Mrs. Wilson 24 noticed the small drawings in my notebook — detailed character drawings inspired by my favorite games. “These show real 25 ,” she said, “Maybe you should try 26 game characters instead of just playing them.” At first, I 27 myself. But that weekend, I 28 to recreate my favorite video characters. My first drawings were 29 , but with Mrs. Wilson’s guidance, my skills improved. Also Mrs. Wilson’s positive responses 30 me to spend more time developing my own characters. The next year, my daily practice began to pay off. My game experience now helped me 31 what made characters appealing, allowing me to create better 32 ones. By graduation, my carefully collected artwork earned me a design school scholarship. At the graduation party, I showed my latest character design to my parents. “We’re proud of your 33 ,” my father said. I smiled, realizing my gaming passion, once seen as a 34 , had become the path to my future — when 35 wisely. 21．A．security B．achievements C．experiments D．creation 22．A．laughed at B．reflected on C．apologized for D．worried about 23．A．tiredness B．anticipation C．confidence D．discrimination 24．A．secretly B．accidentally C．regularly D．unwillingly 25．A．talent B．praise C．emotion D．humor 26．A．defeating B．comparing C．designing D．analyzing 27．A．comforted B．doubted C．challenged D．convinced 28．A．hesitated B．pretended C．continued D．attempted 29．A．rough B．impressive C．detailed D．complicated 30．A．warned B．ordered C．encouraged D．reminded 31．A．forget B．comprehend C．accept D．share 32．A．original B．realistic C．courageous D．wise 33．A．reliability B．optimism C．discovery D．growth 34．A．breakthrough B．confusion C．weakness D．priority 35．A．chosen B．promoted C．evaluated D．guided ◇题型 05 文化背景推断题 典｜例｜精｜析 典例1【2023年浙江1月卷】The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk. 49 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up. 41．A．share B．collect C．celebrate D．witness 42．A．courtyards B．fields C．treetops D．caves 43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited 45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked 46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated 47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing 48．A．hives B．leaves C．rope D．honey 49．A．Finally B．Surprisingly C．Naturally D．Immediately 50．A．backed B．dived C．shouted D．inched 51．A．cut off B．gone up C．slid down D．held onto 52．A．high B．early C．fast D．close 53．A．hatching B．training C．sowing D．trading 54．A．curious B．hungry C．bored D．angry 55．A．moment B．equipment C．person D．order 变｜式｜巩｜固 变式1【福建省百校联考2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题】 Recently, I found myself constantly 21 my phone during daily life. There was no real reason, just a feeling of being 22 to the digital world. I 23 that both children and parents today live in a culture of constant stress. We have more 24 than ever, but less time to think about it. We receive endless parenting advice online and feel 25 to be perfect in every way. This is especially 26 for mothers, who often feel they must do more and be more, which leads to constant comparison and 27 . I tried to 28 everything perfectly at home and in life. I often looked at social media and 29 that I wasn’t doing enough. It was hard to 30 being present with my children and trying to achieve more. But I started to 31 what children really need. Maybe they don’t need a perfect life—they just need a calm and caring parent. Now I try to choose a 32 way of parenting. I focus on being intentional rather than trying to do too much. Sometimes I feel 33 of not meeting society’s expectations. I want my children to remember happy 34 , not perfect ones. When I feel anxious, I 35 myself that my children need a healthy and present mother, not a perfect one. I can build a home filled with trust, strength, and love. And perhaps, that is enough. 21．A．checking B．hiding C．searching D．buying 22．A．connected B．opposed C．blind D．strange 23．A．doubted B．imagined C．realized D．forgot 24．A．money B．information C．noise D．food 25．A．stressful B．pleased C．energetic D．free 26．A．true B．easy C．innovative D．flexible 27．A．joy B．guilt C．confidence D．courage 28．A．respond to B．depend on C．keep up D．set aside 29．A．hoped B．proved C．promised D．worried 30．A．balance B．remember C．enjoy D．describe 31．A．answer B．question C．explain D．ignore 32．A．simpler B．stricter C．clearer D．faster 33．A．proud B．ashamed C．tired D．appreciative 34．A．lessons B．results C．moments D．tests 35．A．punish B．remind C．ask D．warn 变式2【江苏省澄宜六校联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期10月学情调研】My journey into the world of rock climbing began through an online connection. I’ve been 41 about climbing for a long time but never got the opportunity to try it myself. I got in touch with Octavia, a seasoned climber, on social media. She was friendly and 42 to tell me about her history with rock climbing. I was immediately attracted. During the video chat, Octavia 43 me to climb near Brasov, one of the amazing locations for climbing. I was excited to meet her and experience her 44 for climbing firsthand. Octavia had 45 a beginner-friendly climbing route, 46 designed to provide both challenges and victories. My 47 about whether this was safe or not quickly disappeared. She explained the 48 features of the whole climbing equipment. With Octavia’s help, I began my first step and each foothold and handhold 49 my determination. Her constant encouragement acted as a safety net, 50 my confidence in the way I hadn’t anticipated. It also 51 a child-like enjoyment of adventure in me. After my initial climb, tiredness rose through my body, but it was 52 by an excitement that only adventure can bring. As time passed, however, the tiredness 53 , and my energy levels gradually returned. Octavia’s encouragement became the   54 that kept me coming back for more. Rock climbing proved to be a dynamic integration of physical strength and mental 55 . I wasn’t just climbing, I was solving problems and finding solutions. The support and friendship was an unexpected bonus. 41．A．committed B．annoyed C．enthusiastic D．nervous 42．A．bound B．hesitant C．anxious D．ashamed 43．A．assigned B．followed C．declined D．invited 44．A．passion B．target C．justice D．sympathy 45．A．detected B．prepared C．exposed D．observed 46．A．randomly B．thoughtfully C．frequently D．accidentally 47．A．fortune B．argument C．value D．doubt 48．A．evaluation B．prediction C．warning D．safety 49．A．frightened B．fueled C．struck D．anticipated 50．A．boosting B．envying C．shaking D．experimenting 51．A．tested out B．put through C．brought back D．held on 52．A．suspended B．recognized C．consulted D．accompanied 53．A．faded B．demonstrated C．sustained D．refreshed 54．A．dignity B．motivation C．symbol D．comprehension 55．A．perseverance B．campaign C．leadership D．integrity 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $