Unit 1 People of Achievement Reading and Thinking 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT Part 1　Reading and Thinking 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is crucial 　　　　　 growth.  2.However, technology is also the application of 　　　　　(science) knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.  3.When I arrived in America for college at 18, I embraced critical 　　　　　(analyze) and creative expression.  4.On weekends, we 　　　　　(most) participate in outdoor activities to relax our body and mind and enjoy the beauty of nature.  5.Here’s some 　　　　　(boil) water. Have a drink whenever you’re thirsty.  6.At the same time, social media helps them get what they want, and increase their knowledge and confidence in their 　　　　　(academy) performance.  7.I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, 　　　　　(apparent) unhurt, and dashed back to me.  8.They refused to acknowledge 　　　　　(defeat) and hoped for a second chance to compete.  9.The effectiveness of this medicine 　　　　　(evaluate) by these scientists the other day.   10.First of all, I’m very grateful to my teacher, Mrs Chopra, 　　　　　 trusted me and offered me the chance to make a speech here.  Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) be committed to; be vital to/for; graduate from; be acknowledged as; lead to; (be) distinct from 　　Madame Curie 1.　　　　　　 an outstanding female genius. 2.　　　　　　 senior high school, she worked as a tutor. 3.　　　　　　 other girls, her dream was to become a scientist. Therefore, she 4.　　　　　　 the scientific research. Finally, she succeeded in discovering two radioactive elements, which 5.　　　　　　 physics and chemistry.  Ⅲ.完成句子 1.众所周知,体育活动在健康方面起着极其重要的作用。(as,vital) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, physical activity 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 our well-being.  2.一进入高中,学生们常常面临更多的责任,并且致力于平衡学业发展和课外活动是极其重要的。(upon doing; committed) 　　　　 　　　　 high school, students are often faced with more responsibilities, and it is vital to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　with extracurricular activities.  3.科学营将于下个月开营,目的是鼓励更多的学生投身科学研究。(objective) The science camp will open next month 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 encouraging more students to throw themselves into 　　　　 　　　　.  4.我的朋友坚持要开车送我去那儿,我在这寒冷的日子里感到了温暖。 ①My friend 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 me there, and I felt warmth in the cold day. (insist on)  ②My friend 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 me there,and I felt warmth in the cold day.(insist that...) 能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 Tu Youyou is universally acknowledged as a scientist with many a great 　1　(achieve). Born in Ningbo, China, Tu Youyou graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, she was chosen into a research team 　2　 was formed by the Chinese government with the aim of discovering a new treatment 　3　 malaria. She and her teammates examined over 2,000 old medical texts, 　4　(evaluate) 280,000 plants for their medical properties, and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. As a 　5　(commit) and patient scientist, she never acknowledged defeat, whatever difficulty she met. After failing to draw out useful extract by 　6　(boil) the sweet wormwood, she began even 　7　(careful) thinking and research work. She drew 　8　 conclusion that boiling the sweet wormwood destroyed 　9　(it) medical properties. So she used a lower temperature 　10　(draw) out the extract and finally she succeeded.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   Ⅱ.语法填空 Chinese architect and writer Lin Huiyin was posthumously awarded a Bachelor’s degree in Architecture from the University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design 　1　(honour) her remarkable contributions as a pioneer of modern architecture in China.  　2　(comment) on the decision, Weitzman Dean Fritz Steiner said that “All the men from China received full scholarships and Lin got half of one. She was the only woman and the only student that was denied an architecture degree by the School. But she deserved that degree.”  In 1924, with her admission application to the department of architecture of the University of Pennsylvania 　3　(reject), Lin had to study in the only department 　4　 accepted female students — the School of Fine Arts. Apart from completing her art courses as well as most of the required architecture courses, Lin also 　5　(work) as a teaching assistant in architectural design and outperformed most of her male peers 　6　(academic).  After returning to China, as the first Chinese female architect in modern times, Lin achieved extraordinary success in architectural history, design, and education 　7　 war and disease.  With the historical revision of gender 　8　(equal) being underway overseas, Lin’s legendary story has now become known to 　9　(generation) of young people. She not just tells a story about how Chinese women are breaking through stereotypes(刻板印象) and historical limits, 　10　serves as a role model for modern Chinese women.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   Ⅲ.阅读理解 A A picture of 17-year-old Zhang Guimei has won extraordinary popularity on China’s social media. The young girl with black-rimmed glasses and two short braids is smiling brightly at the camera. Netizens are deeply touched by the fresh-faced girl in the picture, which is a far cry from Zhang’s now aged and weathered face people are familiar with, as it tells a story of a woman who has committed her life to promoting education and fighting poverty in rural areas. Born in Northeast China’s Heilongjiang province in 1957, Zhang traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17 and has been helping numerous girls from poor areas pursue education for over 40 years. Zhang helped establish the country’s first senior high school to offer free education to girls from poor families. The school provides free education for girls who would otherwise have had no chance to study after completing their nine years of compulsory education. Despite having serious health problems, Zhang Guimei took morning classes with students for 12 years. She has also racked up 110,000 kilometers visiting her students’ families over the years. Her salary and bonuses were mostly spent on students. Since the school opened in 2008, it has seen more than 2,000 students progress to universities, colleges and academies.  “I was built to be a mountain, not a creek, rising to the high peaks with the small valleys at my feet. I was born to be great, not worthless, standing on the shoulders of the giants, the petty cowards beneath me.” The motto of Huaping High School for Girls is also a true reflection of Zhang Guimei’s strength and resolve. On Feb. 25, 2021,our president presented an award to Zhang Guimei to mark the nation’s poverty alleviation accomplishments and honor remarkable poverty fighters at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. 1.Why are netizens deeply moved by the photo? A.Because the girl’s appearance catches their eye. B.Because they are familiar with Zhang’s face. C.Because it reminds them of an admirable figure. D.Because it spreads widely on China’s social media. 2.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase “racked up” in paragraph 3? A.Increased.　　　B.Collected.　　　C.Extended.　　　D.Gained. 3.Which of the following can best describe Zhang Guimei according to the passage? A.Devoted and knowledgeable.　　B.Selfless and independent. C.Responsible and creative.　　D.Determined and ambitious. 4.Where does the text probably come from? A.A news report.　　　B.A guidebook.　　　C.A history book.　　　D.A storybook. B George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Ohio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off and on. However, it was added by intense home study so that by 1892, he had taught in a public school, and later attended Antioch College.  In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed the civil service exam, and took up a position as a botanical assistant at the U.S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U.S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining as well as evaluating the plants and animals of the Chesapeake Bay and the Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph.D. paper. And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution. He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel’s example, Shull obtained pure(纯种的) lines of corn through self-pollination(自花受粉). The pure lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure lines, apparently the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. As a consequence, he immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy and device to improve crop yields. In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals. Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren. 5.What does the underlined part “off and on” in Paragraph 1 mean? A.Not surprisingly.　　B.Very formally. C.Quite excellently.　　D.Not regularly. 6.What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about? A.George Shull’s contributions.　　B.George Shull’s research. C.George Shull’s work experience.　　D.George Shull’s education. 7.What was so special about Shull’s method of corn breeding? A.It completely relied on self-pollination.　　B.It was first published in Genetics. C.It was widely accepted in Ohio.　　D.It focused on crossing pure lines. 8.How does the author mainly develop the text? A.By giving examples.　　B.By following time order. C.By making comparisons.　　D.By presenting a scientific study. 答案 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.to/for　考查介词。be crucial to/for...意为“对……是关键的”,故填to或for。 2.scientific　考查形容词。设空处修饰其后的名词knowledge,应用形容词,故填scientific。scientific knowledge意为“科学知识”。 3.analysis　考查名词。空前是形容词critical,故设空处应用名词; analyze的名词形式是analysis,critical analysis意为“批判性分析”。句意:当我18岁来到美国上大学时,我欣然接受了批判性分析和创造性表达。 4.mostly　考查副词。句意: 在周末,我们一般参与户外活动,以放松身心并且享受大自然的美。设空处作状语,意为“通常,一般地”,故填副词mostly。 5.boiled　考查过去分词。句意:这里有一些烧开过的水。你渴的时候可以喝。boiled water意为“烧开过的水,白开水”,故填boiled。 6.academic　考查形容词。设空处修饰其后的名词,所以应用形容词, “academic performance”意为“学业表现”。 7.apparently　考查副词。设空处前面为逗号,后面为形容词unhurt,故应用副词作状语,故填apparently,意为“显然”。 8.being defeated　考查非谓语动词。acknowledge doing sth.意为“承认做某事”,且They与defeat在逻辑上是被动关系,故填being defeated。 9.was evaluated　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处作谓语,由句中的时间状语the other day可知应用一般过去时,此处指“这种药的有效性在几天前被这些科学家评估过了”,The effectiveness和evaluate之间是被动关系,且主语是不可数名词,故填was evaluated。 10.who　考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。设空处无提示词,且前面有逗号,逗号前面是完整的一句话,　　　trusted me and offered me the chance to make a speech here中缺少主语,结合语境可知,“信任我并给我在这里发表演讲的机会”的人是Chopra夫人,故设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Mrs Chopra,故此处应用引导词who。  Ⅱ.1.is acknowledged as　2.Graduating from　3.Distinct from　4.was committed to　5.are vital to/for Ⅲ.1.As we all know;plays a vital part/role in 2.Upon entering; be committed to balancing academic development 3.with the objective of;scientific research 4.①insisted on driving　②insisted that he/she should drive 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.achievement　考查名词。设空处作with的宾语,且根据空前的形容词great可知,设空处应用名词,achieve的名词形式为achievement;“many a+单数名词”表示“很多……”。故填achievement。 2.that/which　考查关系代词。设空处前为名词短语a research team, 　2　 was formed by the Chinese government中缺少主语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,先行词为a research team,指物,故用关系代词that或which。  3.for　考查介词。(a) treatment for...意为“治疗……的方法”,故填for。 4.evaluated　考查动词的时态。设空处和句中的examined、tested作并列谓语,应用一般过去时,故填evaluated。 5.committed　考查形容词。设空处与patient并列作定语修饰名词scientist,应用形容词。此处表示“尽心尽力的”,故填committed。 6.boiling　考查动名词。by为介词,后接名词、动名词,提示词为动词,故用动名词。by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”。 7.more careful　考查形容词的比较级。此处指她开始了甚至更加仔细的思考和研究工作,含有比较的意思,且前面有even修饰,故应用形容词的比较级。故填more careful。 8.the/a　考查冠词。draw the/a conclusion that...意为“得出那个/一个……的结论”。故填the或a。 9.its　考查形容词性物主代词。此处指“破坏了它的药用特性”,设空处修饰空后的名词properties,应用形容词性物主代词its。 10.to draw　考查动词不定式。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”。故填to draw。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国现代建筑学家、作家林徽因的主要求学经历和她取得的重大成就。 1.to honour　考查动词不定式。句意:中国建筑学家兼作家林徽因被追授宾夕法尼亚大学斯图尔特·韦茨曼设计学院的建筑学学士学位以表彰她作为中国现代建筑先驱的杰出贡献。该句为简单句,was awarded 为谓语,所以设空处应填非谓语动词,根据句意可知设空处表目的,故填to honour。 2.Commenting　考查现在分词。said为主句谓语,所以设空处应填非谓语动词。Fritz Steiner和comment在逻辑上为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。设空处位于句首,首字母应该大写,故填Commenting。 3.rejected　考查过去分词。逗号后面的had to study为主句谓语,设空处位于with复合结构中,处于宾补的位置,应填非谓语动词。动词reject和宾语之间为被动关系,需用过去分词作宾补。故填rejected。句意:1924年,林徽因向宾夕法尼亚大学建筑系提交的入学申请被拒绝了,她不得不在唯一接受女学生的系——美术学院学习。 4.that　考查定语从句。　4　 accepted female students中缺少主语,且主语为空前的department, 故设空处引导定语从句, 先行词是department且被the only修饰,所以只能用that引导定语从句。  5.worked　考查动词时态。句意:除了完成美术课程和大部分必修建筑课程外,林徽因还担任建筑设计助教,在学术上的表现优于大多数男性同龄人。这里描述的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时,故填worked。 6.academically　考查副词。设空处作状语,表示“在学术上”,应用副词。故填academically。 7.despite　考查介词。句意:回到中国后,作为中国现代第一位女建筑师,尽管有战争和疾病的困扰,林徽因仍然在建筑历史、设计和教育方面取得了巨大的成功。根据句意可知,设空处前后为让步关系,且后面为名词短语,所以介词despite“尽管,虽然”符合语境。 8.equality　考查名词。gender equality意为“性别平等”,故填名词equality。句意:随着海外正在对性别平等进行历史性修正,林徽因的传奇故事现在已经为一代代年轻人所熟知。 9.generations　考查名词复数。generation表示“一代”时是可数名词,且这里表示“一代代年轻人”,应用其复数形式。故填generations。 10.but　考查连词。not just/only...but (also)...意为“不仅……,而且……”。故填but。 Ⅲ.A 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道,主要介绍了致力于农村教育和扶贫的先进个人——张桂梅。 1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Netizens are deeply touched by...in rural areas.”可知,这张照片上的张桂梅与现在的张桂梅形成鲜明的对比,而张桂梅之所以会变成这样,是因为她一生致力于推动农村地区的教育和扶贫,所以网民被她的奉献精神感动。故选C“因为这让他们想起了一个令人钦佩的人物”。 2.B　词义猜测题。画线短语所在句的前一句讲到,尽管张桂梅有严重的健康问题,但她仍然与学生一起上了12年的早课。后一句讲到,她的薪水和奖金大部分都花在了学生身上。前后文都是在讲张桂梅对学生的奉献。画线短语所在句子的意思是“多年来,她还已经　　　11万公里访问学生的家庭”。根据前后文内容可推测,这里也是讲张桂梅的付出与奉献,由此可推断画线短语表示“累计”,强调累积的数量,故选B“积聚,积累”。  3.D　推理判断题。 段落 原文信息 品格 Para. 2 has been helping numerous girls from poor areas pursue education for over 40 years determined (坚定的) devoted (全心全意的) responsible (负责任的) Para. 3 Zhang Guimei took morning classes with students for 12 years. She has also racked up 110,000 kilometers visiting her students􀆳 families over the years. Para. 3 Her salary and bonuses were mostly spent on students. selfless (无私的) Para. 4 I was built to be a mountain, not a creek...I was born to be great, not worthless... ambitious (有雄心的) 由此可以推断出,张桂梅是一个坚定、全心全意、有责任心、有雄心、无私的人。故选D。 4.A　推理判断题。文章主要讲述了张桂梅致力于农村教育和扶贫的先进事迹。由此可推知本文最有可能来自新闻报道。故选A。 B 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名植物学家George Shull的学习和工作经历以及他的重要成就。 5.D　词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Being needed on the farm”可知,George Shull小时候需要干农活,所以无法正常接受正规教育。所以off and on意为“断断续续地,间歇性地”,与D项“不定期地”意思最为接近。故选D。 6.C　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“do graduate work”“took up a position as a botanical assistant”“He also worked at...”“in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work”等信息可知,第二段主要是在讲述George Shull的工作经历。故选C。 7.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“The pure lines were less healthy and productive...to improve crop yields.”可知,杂交品种能够提高作物产量,所以Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注于杂交纯系。故选D。 8.B　推理判断题。 根据以上关键信息可知,文章以时间顺序讲述了著名植物学家George Shull的人生经历。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $