精品解析：福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考英语试题

厦门双十中学2024届高三英语开学限时训练 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the woman want to go？ A. To Oxford. B. To Liverpool. C. To London. 2. How many people will go to the tennis game? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 3. What does the woman ask the boy to do after school? A. Put away his school bag. B. Move the kitchen table. C. Hang up his cost. 4. What do we know about Linda Rivera? A. She went traveling. B. She started a company. C. She was fired. 5. What does the man mean？ A. He prefers cold weather. B. He has had a difficult week. C. The temperature was higher last week. 第二节 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How will the man choose the music? A. By letting a person docide on it. B. By asking people for their advice. C. By allowing everyone to bring a piece. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Help prepare for the party. B. Tell the man a phone number. C Ask Sonia for some information. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will the woman do first? A. Wash a car. B. Go shopping C. Do her homework. 9. When does the conversation take place? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Schoolmates. C. Brother and sister. 11. What does the woman think of the show？ A. Inspiring. B. Unusual. C. Cool. 12. Which part did the woman like best about the show? A. Designer wear. B. Clothes recycling. C. Live models. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about？ A. French music. B. French clothes. C. French teens. 14. What does Veronique like to do in her spare time? A. Collect albums. B. Visit music stores. C. Enjoy French songs. 15. What does Veronique usually have for lunch? A. Hamburgers. B. Sandwiches. C. Chips. 16. Why does Veronique like the silver jacket? A. It's up-to-date. B. It's classic and lovely. C. It's unique. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17 What is being held in the new sports stadium？ A. A match. B. A concert. C. A meeting. 18. What is the disadvantage of the City Theatre? A. It has limited space. B. It's too old to look good. C. Its air-conditioning doesn’t work. 19. Which place is normally out of the route of the Cititours bus? A. Victoria Park. B. The City Theatre. C. The Market Place. 20. What does the speaker recommend visitors to do in the end? A. See animals in the city centre. B. Go to the High Street. C. Visit some shops. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A ________? ________ TO TENDER(投标) Contract (合同) for the design of a luxury hotel and conference (会议) centre in Rio de Janeiro. Horizon Hotel & Conference Centre — 5 stars www.hotelhorizon.br | 320 rooms Applicants are asked to hand in their letter of intention before 24 June, 2023. Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several construction companies to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro. HHCC is an international chain of high-class hotels and conference centres. It is famous for providing luxury accommodation and incredible service. We largely intend the hotel to be used for conferences and formal meetings by groups from throughout the world. Selected construction companies are required to hand in a plan for the ground floor of the building, which will be L-shaped. Details of the project are as follows. The hotel will have seven floors: Basement — equipment and storage Ground floor — facilities to be decided First floor — a large conference room, three meeting rooms and a seminar room Second floor — office accommodation Third-fifth floors — bedrooms Sixth floor — a large restaurant, available for guests and the general public The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the construction company which produces the best plan for the ground floor. 1. Which word best fits the question mark “??” in the passage? A. APPROACH. B. INVITATION C. CONTRACT D. Handing-in 2. According to the passage, the hotel to be built will be mainly intended for________. A. conference participants B. holiday makers C. construction companies D. project applicants 3. HHCC’s ultimate decision will be based on the best design of________. A. the basement B. the first floor C. the entire building D. the ground floor 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于地平线酒店和会议中心的投标邀请。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several architectural firms to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro. (地平线酒店和会议中心（HHCC）邀请几家建筑公司提出了在里约热内卢里约热内卢设计酒店和会议中心的方案)”可推知，文章是投标的邀请书。故“邀请”最适合问号部分。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“We largely intend the hotel to be used for conferences and formal meetings by groups from throughout the world.(我们主要打算将酒店用于世界各地团体的会议和正式会议)”可知，将要建造的酒店将主要用于会议与会者。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the architectural firm which produces the best plan for the ground floor.(酒店和会议中心的设计合同将授予为底层设计出最佳方案的建筑公司)”可知，HHCC的最终决定将基于底层的最佳设计。故选D。 B When I picked up The Woks of Life, a cookbook written by the Leung family, I was very excited. Inside there are mom-and-dad approved recipes with stories and photos—even a timeline—of the family’s history. “We call our cookbook culinary genealogy (烹饪家谱). We wanted the book to be our family’s stories told through food, rather than just characteristic recipes,” said Sarah Leung, who co-wrote the book during the pandemic (流行病) with her parents and younger sister. “We grew up in a food-obsessed (着迷的) family. Honestly, I’ve developed a quarter of these recipes myself,” Sarah added. “Over time, we’ll accomplish our goal: All family members are competent Chinese cooks.” The cookbook features dishes which might be made in a Chinese American home as well as in Chinese American takeout restaurants. “Home-style cooking and restaurant-style cooking have equal importance, but they are different,” Sarah said, adding that the family also discussed how to be respectful of each point. “I hope the recipes will appeal to Chinese Americans, like my family, and also those less familiar with Chinese cooking.” Part of their cookbook has also been posted on their website, attracting millions of faithful followers. The success of the cookbook is that it honors tradition as well as reflects modern interpretations, making it a mixture of the old and the new. It also offers building blocks for home cooks who want to learn to cook Chinese food. I started my exploration with the Kung Pao Chicken, a popular dish and also my favorite. Joyfully, the dish I made tasted like it was supposed to be. It really built up my confidence. Surely, as you can imagine, I have also set up my goal to be expert in Chinese cooking. The cookbook is promoting Chinese cooking to become the domain of home cooks in the United States. For too long, Chinese cooking has been a cuisine that many people are used to only eating out. 4. Why is the cookbook called culinary genealogy? A. It runs in the family. B. It is written by family members. C. It includes the story of a family. D. It contains mom-and-dad approved recipes. 5. Which of the following best describes the Leung family? A. Easygoing and helpful. B. Faithful and energetic. C. Devoted and considerate. D. Fortunate and thankful. 6. What does the author think of The Woks of Life? A. It is a typical Chinese cookbook. B. Its success lies in honoring tradition. C. It offers building blocks for all cooks. D. It helps improve the author’s cooking skills. 7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Most Americans are used to eating out. B. The cookbook has become a best seller. C. American home cooks prefer Chinese cooking. D. The cookbook benefits the spread of Chinese cooking. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，体现了“人与自我”的主题语境，主要介绍了一本食谱的特色、创作过程中的考量和所取得的成就，表达了该食谱创作者（一个美籍华人家庭）和一些美国人对中餐的热爱。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句““We call our cookbook culinary genealogy (烹饪家谱). We wanted the book to be our family’s stories told through food, rather than just characteristic recipes,” said Sarah Leung, who co-wrote the book during the pandemic (流行病) with her parents and younger sister.(“我们称我们的烹饪书为烹饪家谱(烹饪谱)。我们希望这本书通过食物讲述我们的家庭故事，而不仅仅是特色食谱，”莎拉·梁说，她在疫情期间与父母和妹妹共同撰写了这本书)”可知，the Leung family想要在这本食谱中通过食物讲述家庭故事，因此把这本食谱叫作烹饪家谱，故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中““We grew up in a food-obsessed (着迷的) family. Honestly, I’ve developed a quarter of these recipes myself,” Sarah added. “Over time, we’ll accomplish our goal: All family members are competent Chinese cooks.”(“我们生长在一个痴迷美食的家庭。老实说，这些食谱中有四分之一是我自己开发的，”莎拉补充道。“随着时间的推移，我们将实现我们的目标:所有家庭成员都是能干的中国厨师。”)”可知，the Leung family对食物很着迷，并正为实现全员成为中餐大师的目标付出努力，说明他们“devoted”；以及第三段中““Home-style cooking and restaurant-style cooking have equal importance, but they are different,” Sarah said, adding that the family also discussed how to be respectful of each point.(萨拉说：“家常菜和餐馆菜同样重要，但它们是不同的。”她补充说，这家人还讨论了如何尊重每一点)”可知，the Leung family想在食谱中体现对中餐方方面面的尊重，说明他们“considerate”，故选C项。 6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“I started my exploration with the Kung Pao Chicken, a popular dish and also my favorite. Joyfully, the dish I made tasted like it was supposed to be. It really built up my confidence.(我从宫保鸡丁开始了我的探索，这是一道很受欢迎的菜，也是我的最爱。令人高兴的是，我做的菜尝起来像它应该有的味道。它真的建立了我的信心)”可知，作者按照这本食谱首先尝试了制作宫保鸡丁，结果做出来的宫保鸡丁和作者之前吃过的味道很像。这增强了作者的信心，故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The cookbook is promoting Chinese cooking to become the domain of home cooks in the United States. For too long, Chinese cooking has been a cuisine that many people are used to only eating out.(这本食谱正在推动中国烹饪成为美国家庭烹饪的领域。长期以来，中国烹饪一直是一种许多人只习惯在外面吃饭的烹饪方式)”可知，这本食谱正推动着中餐成为美国家庭厨师烹饪的一部分；在此之前的很长时间，许多想要享用中餐的美国人只能前往外面的餐馆，故选D项。 C Clown fish live their adult lives in the protective arms of sea anemones, the small brightly colored sea animals attached onto rocks to house clown fish. Between birth and adulthood, however, the fish have to complete a treacherous journey. After hatching, they swim out to the open sea to finish developing. After maturing, the young fish swim back, during which they have to avoid a “wall of mouths” by sensing the unfriendly smells. With ocean acidification, a trend that is occurring worldwide, scientists began to wonder what might happen to fish’s sense of smell. My team put 300 recently hatched clown fish in our lab. When we introduced a friendly fish odor (气味), they did not react. But when we introduced an enemy odor, they swam away. We then repeated the experiment with 300 new hatchlings from the same parents in the more acidic water-a level we can expect by the year 2100 if current trends continue. When we introduced friendly and unfriendly smells at the same time, the fish seemed unable to make up their minds, spending equal time swimming toward one smell and the other. They could sense chemical signals but couldn’t recognize the meaning of them. It is always tricky to say that behaviors seen in a lab would also be seen in the wild. So we went to a sandy lake near one of the Great Barrier Reef’s northern islands to test how wild-caught damselfish would react to enemy smells after exposing them to acidic water. In a tank, about half of them held in water with acidity expected by 2050 were attracted to the unfriendly odor and half were not, yet not one held in water anticipated by 2100 avoided being attracted to the enemy odor. We then let the marked damselfish loose in the lake. The fish once held in the most acidic water swam farther away from their protective home. Can fish adapt? Most studies have habituated fish to lifted acidic conditions over a few days or months-an extremely short length of time. The animals are not given a realistic opportunity to adapt. Yet some scientists thought that fish might escape the anger of ocean acidification, in part because early research done in the 1980s showed that certain animals had an astonishing ability to regulate their internal chemistry to survive acidified water. But maintaining normal functions such as avoiding danger is a different challenge. At a minimum, confusion could place yet another stressor on fish already challenged by rising water temperatures, overfishing, etc. Further, if many ocean creatures start to behave strangely, entire food webs and ecosystems could come crashing down. Although the science is still new, the results appear to be lining up: ocean acidification is messing with fish’s minds. 8. What does the underlined word “treacherous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Risky. B. Hurried. C. Mysterious. D. Helpless. 9. What can we learn about the fish in the acidic water? A. They lost their senses to chemical signals. B. They were less likely to respond to threats. C. Their behavior in the lab disappeared in the wild. D. They tended to seek the protection from their home. 10. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The author’s study confirms previous findings. B. Fish’s adaptation to acidic water is a matter of time. C. Different fishes behave differently to acidity change. D. The chances of restoring fish’s minds are yet to be seen. 11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. What Do Different Stressors Do to Ocean Creatures? B. What Does Ocean Acidity Mean to Ocean Creatures? C. How Does Ocean Acidification Destroy the Ecosystem? D. How Do Ocean Creatures Adapt to Ocean Acidification? 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章通过科研团队对小丑鱼和小热带鱼的实验和研究，说明了海洋酸化正在搅乱海洋生物的思维，对它们产生了较大的影响。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段“After hatching, they swim out to the open sea to finish developing. After maturing, the young fish swim back, during which they have to avoid a “wall of mouths” by sensing the unfriendly smells. ”（孵化后，它们游到大海中完成发育。成年后，幼鱼会游回来，在此期间，它们必须通过感知不友好的气味来避开“口墙”。）可知，小丑鱼出生后要独自去大海中生活，成年后才能回来，这期间随时都有被其他生物吃掉的可能，有着较大的风险，可谓是一场有风险的旅程。故划线词“treacherous”表示“有风险的”。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When we introduced friendly and unfriendly smells at the same time, the fish seemed unable to make up their minds, spending equal time swimming toward one smell and the other. They could sense chemical signals but couldn’t recognize the meaning of them.”（当我们同时引入友好和不友好的气味时，鱼似乎无法下定决心，花同样的时间游向一种气味和另一种气味。他们可以感知化学信号，但不能识别它们的意义。）可知，鱼在酸性水中，不太能识别不友好的具有威胁性的气味。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But maintaining normal functions such as avoiding danger is a different challenge.”（但维持正常功能，如避免危险则是另一种挑战。）和最后一段“Although the science is still new, the results appear to be lining up: ocean acidification is messing with fish’s minds.”（虽然这门科学还是新兴的，但结果似乎是一致的：海洋酸化正在扰乱鱼类的思维。）可知，海洋酸化正在扰乱鱼的思维，使鱼很难避免危险，所以恢复鱼的思维的可能性还有待观察。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“With ocean acidification, a trend that is occurring worldwide, scientists began to wonder what might happen to fish’s sense of smell.”（随着全球范围内海洋酸化的趋势，科学家们开始想知道鱼类的嗅觉会发生什么。）和最后一段“Although the science is still new, the results appear to be lining up: ocean acidification is messing with fish’s minds.”（虽然这门科学还是新兴的，但结果似乎是一致的：海洋酸化正在扰乱鱼类的思维。）及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了海洋酸化对海洋生物产生的影响。故选B。 D The “reading wars,” one of the most confusing and disabling conflicts in the history of education, went on heatedly in the 1980s and then peace came. Advocates of phonics (learning by being taught the sound of each letter group) seemed to defeat advocates of whole language (learning by using cues like context and being exposed to much good literature). Recent events suggest the conflict of complicated concepts is far from over. Teachers, parents and experts appear to agree that phonics is crucial, but what is going on in classrooms is not in agreement with what research studies say is required, which has aroused a national debate over the meaning of the word “phonics.” Lucy M. Calkins, a professor at Columbia University’s Teachers College and a much-respected expert on how to teach reading, has drawn attention with an eight-page essay. Here is part of her argument: “The important thing is to teach kids that they needn’t freeze when they come to a hard word, nor skip past it. The important thing is to teach them that they have resources to draw upon, and to use those resources to develop endurance.” To Calkins’s critics, it is cruel and wasteful to encourage 6-year-olds to look for clues if they don’t immediately know the correct sounds. They should work on decoding — knowing the pronunciation of every letter group — until they master it, say the critics, backed by much research. Calkins’s approach “is a slow, unreliable way to read words and an inefficient way to develop word recognition skill,” Mark S. Seidenberg, a psychologist at the University of Wisconsin, said in a blog post. “Dr. Calkins treats word recognition as a reasoning problem — like solving a puzzle. She is committed to the educational principle that children learn best by discovering how systems work rather than being told.” Many others share his view. “Children should learn to decode — i.e., go from print on the page to words in the mind — not by clever guesswork and inference, but by learning to decode,” Daniel Willingham, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, told me. He said the inferences Calkins applauds are “cognitively (认知地) demanding, and readers don’t have much endurance for it. … It disturbs the flow of what you’re reading, and doing a lot of it gets frustrating.” Yet a recent survey found that only 22 percent of 670 early-reading teachers are using the approach of phonics and what they mean by phonics is often no more than marking up a worksheet. Both sides agree that children need to acquire the vocabulary and background information that gives meaning to words. But first, they have to pronounce them correctly to connect the words they have learned to speak. Calkins said in her essay: “Much of what the phonics people are saying is praiseworthy,” but it would be a mistake to teach phonics “at the expense of reading and writing.” The two sides appear to agree with her on that. 12. Critics of phonics hold the opinion that ________. A. children should be taught to use context B. teaching phonics is both boring and useless C. kids acquire vocabulary in hearing letter groups D. pronunciation has nothing to do with meaning of words 13. Which of the following statements is Mark S. Seidenberg most likely to agree with? A. Tell me and I will forget; show me and I will remember. B. Skilled reading is fast and automatic but not deliberative. C. Word recognition skill should be developed in problem reasoning. D. Learning to make reasonable inferences is also a way of decoding. 14. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A. phonics approach has been proved to be successful B. children don’t shy away from difficulties in reading C. the two reading approaches might integrate with each other D. reading and writing are much more important than phonics 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. An everlasting reading war among critics B. From print on the page to words in the mind C. A battle restarts between phonics, whole language D. Decoding and inferring confuse early-reading teachers 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讨论了自然拼读法和整体语言法之间的一场战争。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Advocates of phonics (learning by being taught the sound of each letter group) seemed to defeat advocates of whole language (learning by using cues like context and being exposed to much good literature).”（自然拼读法的倡导者——通过学习每个字母组的发音来学习，似乎击败了整体语言法的倡议者——通过使用上下文等线索来学习，并接触许多好的文学作品）可知，反对自然拼读的人们认为要通过语境来来学习。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段Mark S. Seidenberg所说的话“Calkins’s approach “is a slow, unreliable way to read words and an inefficient way to develop word recognition skill,” ”（Calkins的方法“是一种缓慢、不可靠的读词方式，也是一种发展单词识别技能的低效方式”。）以及“Dr. Calkins treats word recognition as a reasoning problem—like solving a puzzle.”（Calkins博士将单词识别视为一个推理问题，就像解决一个难题一样。）可推知，Mark S. Seidenberg会倾向于同意熟练的阅读是快速和自动的，而不是深思熟虑的。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Both sides agree that children need to acquire the vocabulary and background information that gives meaning to words. But first, they have to pronounce them correctly to connect the words they have learned to speak.”（双方都同意，孩子们需要掌握赋予单词意义的词汇和背景信息。但首先，他们必须正确发音，以便将所学单词连接起来。）以及倒数第二段“Calkins said in her essay: “Much of what the phonics people are saying is praiseworthy,” but it would be a mistake to teach phonics “at the expense of reading and writing.””（Calkins在她的文章中说：“人们所说的很多语音知识都是值得称赞的”，但“以阅读和写作为代价”教授语音知识将是一个错误）和最后一段“双方似乎都同意她的观点。”可推知，这两种阅读方法可以相互融合。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Advocates of phonics (learning by being taught the sound of each letter group) seemed to defeat advocates of whole language (learning by using cues like context and being exposed to much good literature).”（自然拼读法的倡导者——通过学习每个字母组的发音来学习，似乎击败了整体语言法的倡议者——通过使用上下文等线索来学习，并接触许多好的文学作品）和第二段“Teachers, parents and experts appear to agree that phonics is crucial, but what is going on in classrooms is not in agreement with what research studies say is required, which has aroused a national debate over the meaning of the word “phonics.””（教师、家长和专家似乎都同意语音至关重要，但课堂上发生的事情与研究报告所说的不一致，这引发了全国范围内对“语音”一词含义的争论）可知，本文是有关自然拼读法和整体语言法之间的讨论。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When students get home, they usually sit down at the table and pull out their homework. Piles of papers rise all the way to the ceiling. American students should get less homework on a daily basis. ____16____ Loads of homework can cause stress in a student and lead to health issues in the body and mind. Stress causes lack of sleep, slipping grades, tiredness, unhealthy eating habits, depression, and so on. Nervous breakdowns can make completing homework much more of a struggle and also effect the health and life of a student. ____17____ The recommended amount is 10 minutes times the grade level. So first grade gets 10 minutes; second grade gets 20 minutes; third grade gets 30 minutes, and so on, but kids are doing much more than that. Twenty three percent of 13-year-olds do more than 2 hours a night. ____18____ There is no academic benefit for high school students after 2 hours and there are no academic benefits for middle school students after 1 and a half hours. Doing homework all night can take away a student’s free time and sleep. Always doing homework can lead to less time for sports and after-school activities. ____19____ Worse still, hanging out with friends is decreased, so that means there is less socializing. Staying up late and doing homework takes away a student’s time to sleep. Not enough sleep can leave students tired, and at school they might focus less or fall asleep during class. Shouldn’t students get less homework so that they can be happy and have more time with family and friends? ____20____ If teachers and parents tried to reduce the amount of homework, there would be a decrease in stress and anxiety and an increase in happiness! A. Lack of sleep can cause great stress. B. The more the students do, the less they get out of doing it. C. Administrators, teachers, and parents need to address this issue. D. Family time is also decreased, which can add more family conflict. E. Homework-related anxiety and stress can affect school work negatively. F. Kids are doing more than the recommended amount with no academic benefits. G. Anyway, too much homework can cause quite a few physical and mental problems. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大量的家庭作业可能会给学生带来的身心健康问题，并号召管理人员、教师和家长解决这个问题。 【16题详解】 根据后文“Loads of homework can cause stress in a student and lead to health issues in the body and mind.(大量的家庭作业会给学生带来压力，并导致身心健康问题。)”可知，此处是讲过多的家庭作业会导致身心健康问题，所以选项G“无论如何，太多的家庭作业会导致相当多的身体和精神问题。”切合文意。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据后文“The recommended amount is 10 minutes times the grade level. So first grade gets 10 minutes; second grade gets 20 minutes; third grade gets 30 minutes, and so on, but kids are doing much more than that.(建议的时间是10分钟乘以年级水平。一年级有10分钟；二年级有20分钟；三年级只有30分钟，以此类推，但孩子们做的远远不止这些。)”可知，此处是指学生的实际作业量远超推荐量是没有好处的，所以选项F“孩子们的作业量超过了推荐量，却没有任何学业上的好处。”切合文意。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据后文“There is no academic benefit for high school students after 2 hours and there are no academic benefits for middle school students after 1 and a half hours.(2小时后对高中生没有任何学习效益，1个半小时后对中学生没有任何学习效益。)”可知，此处是讲学生的作业量太多没有任何好处，所以选项B“学生做得越多，从中得到的就越少。”切合文意。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Always doing homework can lead to less time for sports and after-school activities.(总是做作业会导致运动和课外活动的时间减少。)”和后文“Worse still, hanging out with friends is decreased, so that means there is less socializing.(更糟糕的是，和朋友出去玩的时间减少了，这意味着社交活动减少了。)”可知，此处是讲过多的作业量会导致学生各方面的时间减少以及带来的后果，所以选项D“家庭时间也减少，这可能会增加更多的家庭冲突。”切合文意。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据后文“If teachers and parents tried to reduce the amount of homework, there would be a decrease in stress and anxiety and an increase in happiness!(如果老师和家长设法减少家庭作业的数量，压力和焦虑就会减少，幸福就会增加！)”可知，此处是讲号召解决家庭作业过多的问题，所以选项C“管理人员、教师和家长需要解决这个问题。”切合文意。故选C。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节 单句补全（每小题1分，共10题，满分10分） 21. If you have more than the duty-free allowances or prohibited goods, go through the red channel and ________ them to a customs officer. A. send B. attach C. declare D. lead 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你携带的免税物品超出限额或者有违禁物品，请通过红色通道，并向海关工作人员申报。A. send发送；B. attach贴上；C. declare申报；D. lead带领。根据“them to a customs officer”和“If you have more than the duty-free allowances or prohibited goods”可知，此处是指将物品向海关工作人员申报。故选C。 22. The lecture having been given, a lively question-answer ________ followed. A session B. fiction C. negotiation D. tournament 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：讲座结束后，一场热烈的问答环节紧接着开始了。A. session（某项活动的）一段时间，一场，（议会等的）会议；B. fiction小说，虚构的事情；C. negotiation谈判，协商；D. tournament锦标赛，联赛。根据语境“The lecture having been given, a lively question-answer...(讲座已经结束，一场热烈的问答……)”可推知，讲座结束后，一般会安排一场问答环节，“question-answer session”意为“问答环节”符合语境。故选A项。 23. For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with $400 would be a source of temptation (诱惑). But the ________ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. A. hope B. capacity C. tension D. urge 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，发现一个装满400美元且无人看管的钱包会是一种诱惑。但如果你露宿街头，食物和钱都很少，那么这种强烈的欲望无疑会更大。A. hope希望；B. capacity能力；C. tension紧张；D. urge强烈的欲望，冲动。结合“would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money”可知，如果你露宿街头，食物和钱都很少，那么这种诱惑无疑会更大，空格处应表达“强烈的欲望”，用urge，在句中作主语。故选D。 24. We are determined that our training should________the current development in education. A. keep pace with B. take possession of C. make room for D. take for granted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们决心使我们的培训跟上当前教育的发展。A. keep pace with意为“与……步调一致”；B. take possession of意为“占有，拥有”；C. make room for意为“为腾出空间”；D. take for granted意为“认为……理所应当”。根据the current development in education可知，表示“跟上”用keep pace with。故选A。 25. Worn out from the heavy labor yesterday, I have to ________ myself out of bed this morning. A. withdraw B. drag C. suspend D. flip 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于昨天的繁重劳动，我今天早上不得不挣扎着才从床上爬起来。A.withdraw撤回；B.drag拉，拖曳；C.suspend暂停；D.flip轻弹。drag oneself out of bed意为“挣扎着从床上爬起来”，为固定搭配。故选B。 26. The proposals that you have put forward ________ serious consideration. A. dismiss B. extend C. deserve D. acquire 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你提出的建议值得认真考虑。A.dismiss开除，解雇；不考虑；B. extend延长，扩大；C. deserve理应得到，值得；D. acquire得到。根据主语proposal(建议)与宾语consideration(考虑)可知，此句应表达建议值得认真考虑，动词deserve符合语境。故选C项。 27. Briggs will________as general manager when Mitchell resigns. A. get away B. take over C. turn out D. run out 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Mitchell辞职时，Briggs将接任总经理一职。A. get away逃离；B. take over接管，接任；C. turn out结果是，证明是；D. run out用完，耗尽。根据句中“when Mitchell resigns”可知，Mitchell辞职后，Briggs将接任总经理一职，take over有“接管，接任”的意思，符合题意。故选B。 28. It’s believed that people who reach out to strangers feel a sense of belonging, a(n) ________with others. A. appointment B. conflict C. mixture D. bond 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们认为，主动向陌生人伸出援手的人会有归属感，那是一种与他人建立联系的纽带。A. appointment约会；B. conflict矛盾；C. mixture混合；D. bond纽带。根据句中“a sense of belonging(归属感)”可知，人们有了归属感，说明人与人之间建立了联系的纽带。故选D。 29. —The trip to Yangzhou is impressive thanks to free access to tourist attraction, isn’t it? —Well, free access is just an added________and the real attraction lies in its local-flavor food. A. bonus B. platform C. reward D. contract 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——扬州之行令人印象深刻，多亏了景点免费开放，对吧？——嗯，免费开放只是一个额外福利，真正的吸引力在于当地风味美食。A. bonus奖金，额外好处，意外收获；B. platform平台，讲台；C. reward奖励，回报；D. contract合同，合约。根据后文语境“the real attraction lies in its local-flavor food(真正的吸引力在于当地风味美食)”可知，真正吸引人的是扬州风味美食，而“免费游览 是扬州之旅的附加亮点，并非核心吸引力，即，这是额外的好处，因此应使用名词“bonus”。故选A项。 30. Thousands of soldiers are working to________food and blankets to the victims. A. exploit B. distribute C. input D. transform 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：数千名士兵正在为灾民分发食物和毯子。A. exploit利用，剥削；B.distribute 分发；C.input输入；D.transform 转换。根据句意“给灾民食物和毯子”可知，士兵们在“分发”这些东西，故选B。 第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） I didn’t always make my living from music. For several years after graduating from an art school, I was a living ____31____on the street. I painted myself white with a hat at my feet. When passers-by ____32____ money, I looked them in the eye. My eyes would say — “Thank you. I see you.” Interestingly, I actually made a stable ____33____ by doing this. Meanwhile, I started to play in a band and eventually started making enough money so that I could ____34____ being a statue. But I didn’t want to lose the sense of direct ____35____ with people. So after our shows, we would hug fans and hang out. Then Twitter came along and made things more magic, for I could ask ____36____ for anything anywhere. If I tweeted “I needed a piano to practice on”, an hour later I would be at a fan’s house. I loved this kind of random ____37____. Our first record didn’t sell well. Then in one show a man came up and ____38____ me a $10 bill, “Sorry, I burned your CD from a friend. Take this.” That’s when I realized I had become the ____39____, receiving help from people. It kept happening until I decided to ____40____ my music on line and ask for help, because I saw it work on the street. I started crowdfunding with a $100,000 goal. My fans ____41____ me at 1.2 million. I got much disapproval for ____42____ free downloading and sharing. Many see my act as a risk, while I see it as ____43____. Nowadays, the Internet tools make the exchange easy, ____44____ they won’t help if we can’t face each other honestly to ask and give. How do we make people pay for music? The real answer is: I didn’t make them. I ____45____ them. Through this, I connect with them, and when you connect, people want to help. 31. A. statue B. singer C. beggar D. clerk 32. A. handed out B. dropped in C. asked for D. got through 33. A. friend B. routine C. home D. income 34. A. continue B. forget C. quit D. consider 35. A. conversation B. satisfaction C. competition D. connection 36. A. publicly B. eagerly C. instantly D. patiently 37. A. kindness B. business C. politeness D. closeness 38. A. charged B. handed C. owned D. sent 39. A. piano B. CD C. hat D. record 40. A. keep up B. give away C. set down D. live on 41. A. bothered B. ignored C. backed D. visited 42. A. reforming B. resisting C. indicating D. encouraging 43. A. opposition B. trust C. luck D. hope 44. A. and B. so C. but D. because 45. A. ask B. reward C. give D. show 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. C 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为艺术家，从街头表演转型音乐人，通过真诚互动和网络众筹获得成功，强调人与人之间的信任与连接。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从艺术学校毕业后的几年里，我一直在街上扮演雕塑。A.statue雕塑；B. singer歌手；C. beggar乞丐；D. clerk职员。根据下文“I painted myself white with a hat at my feet.”可知，作者毕业后在街上扮演雕塑。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当路过的人往我这里投钱时，我会直视他们的眼睛。A. handed out分发；B. dropped in突然拜访，将……丢进去；C. asked for寻求；D. got through完成，熬过。根据上文“I painted myself white with a hat at my feet.”可知，作者在街头通过扮演雕塑收到路人投进帽子的钱。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，通过做这件事，我竟然获得了稳定的收入。A. friend朋友；B. routine常规，例行事务；C. home家；D. income收入。根据上文“When passes-by ___2___ money, I looked them in the eye. My eyes would say — “Thank you. I see you.””可知，作者通过这种方式谋生赚钱。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我开始加入乐队演出，最终赚到了足够的钱，从而得以不再像之前那样作雕塑了。A. continue继续；B. forget忘记；C. quit放弃；D. consider考虑。根据前文“I started so play in a band and eventually started making enough money”可知，作者赚到了钱，不再扮演雕塑。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我并不想失去与人们直接交流的那种感觉。A. conversation对话；B. satisfaction满足；C. competition竞争；D. connection连接。根据上文“My eyes would say — “Thank you. I see you”.”可知，作者扮演街头雕塑，可以与人进行交流和连接。故选D项。 【36题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随后推特出现了，让一切变得更加神奇了，因为我可以随时随地即时地提出任何需求。A. publicly公开地；B. eagerly渴望地；C. instantly立刻，即时；D. patiently有耐心地。根据下文“If I tweeted “I needed a piano to practice on””可知，推特出现后，让作者可以在网上即时提出任何要求。故选C项。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢这种随意的亲近感。A. kindness善意；B. business生意；C. politeness礼貌；D. closeness亲密。根据上文“If I tweeted “I needed a piano to practice on”, an hour later I would be at a fan’s house.”可知，作者喜欢与人之间的随意的亲近感。故选D项。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后在一次节目中，有个男人走上前来，递给我一张10美元的钞票说：“对不起，我把朋友那你的光盘烧了。拿着这钱吧。”A. charged要价；B. handed递交；C. owned拥有；D. sent寄，送。根据下文“me a $10 bill, “Sorry, I burned your CD from a friend. Take this.””可知，有一个男人递给作者一些钱。故选B项。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到自己已经成为了那顶帽子，正在接受人们的帮助。A. piano钢琴；B. CD唱片；C. hat帽子；D. record记录。根据上文“I painted myself white with a hat at my feet.”及下文“receiving help from people”可知，作者接受别人的帮助，像他之前在街头脚下的帽子。故选C项。 【40题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种情况一直持续着，直到我决定在网上免费发布我的音乐并寻求帮助，因为我看到这种做法在街头奏效了。A. keep up跟上；B. give away免费赠送；C. set down放置，写下；D. live on以……为生。根据下文“my music on line and ask for help, because I saw it work on the street.”及“free downloading and sharing”可知，作者在网上免费发布自己的音乐。故选B项。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的粉丝们支持我，筹得了120万美元。A. bothered打扰；B. ignored忽视；C. backed支持；D. visited参观。根据上文“My fans”及下文“me at 1.2 million”可知，作者得到了粉丝的支持。故选C项。 42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我因鼓励免费下载和分享的行为而遭到了很多反对意见。A. reforming改革；B. resisting抵抗，抵制；C. indicating表明；D. encouraging鼓励。根据上文“I got much disapproval”及下文“Many see my act as a risk”可知，因为作者鼓励大家免费下载，遭到了反对。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人将我的这一行为视为一种冒险，而我却认为这是对信任的体现。A. opposition反对；B. trust信任；C. luck运气；D. hope希望。根据下文“Nowadays, the Internet tools make the exchange easy, ___14___ they won’t help if we can’t face each other honestly to ask and give.”可知，作者认为互联网是可以体现信任的。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：如今，网络工具让交流变得容易了，但如果我们不能诚实地面对对方去询问和表达，这些工具就毫无用处了。A. and和，并且；B. so因此；C. but但是；D. because因为。根据上文“the Internet tools make the exchange easy”及下文“they won’t help if we can’t face each other honestly to ask and give.”可知，前后为转折关系，用but连接。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我送出它们。A. ask问；B. reward奖励；C. give送，给；D. show展示。根据上文“I got much disapproval for ___12___ free downloading and sharing.”可知，作者送出自己的音乐。故选C项。 第三节 语篇语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Passenger pigeons (旅鸽) once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. When its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion of them. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock ____46____ (believe) to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles long was seen near Cincinnati. Sadly, where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was ____47____ ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, ____48____ (wait) until pigeons had settled to feed, and threw large nets over them, taking ____49____ (hundred) at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants. By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested ____50____ (damage) by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, ____51____ cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to ____52____ (they) decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again. In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, ____53____ by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. ____54____ a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known ____55____ (affectionate) as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914. 【答案】46. believed 47. an 48. waited 49. hundreds 50. had been damaged 51. where 52. their 53. but 54. For 55. affectionately 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了旅鸽在美国曾经数量庞大，但由于人类过度捕杀和栖息地破坏，最终灭绝的过程。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至到了1870年，当它们的数量已经减少时，辛辛那提附近有人看到一群据信有1英里宽、320英里长的旅鸽。本空修饰名词flock，believe“相信”与flock 之间是被动关系，用过去分词believed，作后置定语。故填believed。 【47题详解】 考查冠词。句意：可悲的是，在鸟类最丰富的地方，人们认为有取之不尽的供应，于是成千上万地捕杀它们。此处表示泛指“一种用不完的供应”，且ever-lasting发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【48题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：商业猎人用谷物把它们吸引到小块空地上，等鸽子停下来进食后，向它们撒下大网，一次捕获数百只。本空与attracted、threw是并列的谓语动词，此处应用过去式waited。故填waited。 【49题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：商业猎人用谷物把它们吸引到小空地上，等待鸽子安顿下来觅食，然后把大网撒在它们身上，一次捕获数百只。此处表示“数百”，用复数形式hundreds。故填hundreds。 【50题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：到19世纪最后几十年，旅鸽筑巢的硬木森林被美国人对木材的需求破坏，这使得鸟群分散，迫使鸟儿飞往更北的地方，那里寒冷的温度和春季的风暴导致了它们的数量下降。本空是句子的谓语，根据By the closing decades of the 19th century可知，时态用过去完成时，且主语 the hardwood forests与damage“破坏”之间是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态，谓语用had been damaged。故填had been damaged。 【51题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：到19世纪最后几十年，旅鸽筑巢的硬木森林被美国人对木材的需求破坏，这使得鸟群分散，迫使鸟儿飞往更北的地方，那里寒冷的温度和春季的风暴导致了它们的数量下降。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词north，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 【52题详解】 考查代词。句意：到19世纪最后几十年，旅鸽筑巢的硬木森林被美国人对木材的需求破坏，这使得鸟群分散，迫使鸟儿飞往更北的地方，那里寒冷的温度和春季的风暴导致了它们的数量下降。空处修饰名词decline，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 【53题详解】 考查连词。句意：1897年，密歇根州通过了一项禁止捕杀旅鸽的法律，但到那时，该州已经有10年没有看到成群的旅鸽了。前后两句是转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。 【54题详解】 考查介词。句意：有一段时间，少数几只鸟在人类的照料下存活了下来。for a time是固定短语，意为“有一段时间，暂时”，本空用介词for，句首首字母大写。故填For。 【55题详解】 考查副词。句意：最后一只旅鸽，被亲切地称为玛莎，于1914年9月1日在辛辛那提动物园去世。空处修饰动词known，应用副词形式affectionately“亲切地”，作状语。故填affectionately。 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David来信询问你大学选择什么专业，请你用英语给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你感兴趣的专业； 2. 该专业的重要性； 3. 该专业就业前景。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear David, Glad to hear from you. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, Glad to hear from you. Thank you for your concern. I’d choose to major in computer science if I enter university. The reasons are as follows. First, computers are becoming increasingly widely used in the information age, which are necessary tools in both work and daily life. Next, computer science is my favorite subject, and studying it in university has been my dream. As computing graduates are in great demand, it would be much easier for a computing major to find a job in the future. What’s more, people who work in IT industry are likely to be highly paid. So I do think it will equip me for a better life to learn computer. Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友David写一封回信，告诉他自己将在大学选择什么专业及相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择做某事：choose to do→elect to do 基本的，必要的：necessary→crucial/essential/vital 梦想：dream→ goal/ambition 得到较高薪酬：be highly paid→ get a high salary 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Next, computer science is my favorite subject, and studying it in university has been my dream. 拓展句：Next, computer science is my favorite subject, which I dream to study in university. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, computers are becoming increasingly widely used in the information age, which are necessary tools in both work and daily life.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】What’s more, people who work in IT industry are likely to be highly paid.(运用了who引导的定语从句及be likely to be done结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 厦门双十中学2024届高三英语开学限时训练 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the woman want to go？ A. To Oxford. B. To Liverpool. C. To London. 2. How many people will go to the tennis game? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 3. What does the woman ask the boy to do after school? A. Put away his school bag. B. Move the kitchen table. C. Hang up his cost. 4. What do we know about Linda Rivera? A. She went traveling. B. She started a company. C. She was fired. 5. What does the man mean？ A. He prefers cold weather. B. He has had a difficult week. C. The temperature was higher last week. 第二节 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How will the man choose the music? A. By letting a person docide on it. B. By asking people for their advice. C. By allowing everyone to bring a piece. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Help prepare for the party. B. Tell the man a phone number. C. Ask Sonia for some information. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What will the woman do first? A. Wash a car. B. Go shopping C. Do her homework. 9. When does the conversation take place? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Schoolmates. C. Brother and sister. 11. What does the woman think of the show？ A. Inspiring. B. Unusual. C. Cool. 12. Which part did the woman like best about the show? A. Designer wear. B. Clothes recycling. C. Live models. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about？ A. French music. B. French clothes. C. French teens. 14. What does Veronique like to do in her spare time? A. Collect albums. B. Visit music stores. C. Enjoy French songs. 15. What does Veronique usually have for lunch? A. Hamburgers. B. Sandwiches. C. Chips. 16. Why does Veronique like the silver jacket? A. It's up-to-date. B. It's classic and lovely. C. It's unique. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is being held in the new sports stadium？ A. A match. B. A concert. C. A meeting. 18. What is the disadvantage of the City Theatre? A. It has limited space. B. It's too old to look good. C. Its air-conditioning doesn’t work. 19. Which place is normally out of the route of the Cititours bus? A. Victoria Park. B. The City Theatre. C. The Market Place. 20. What does the speaker recommend visitors to do in the end? A. See animals in the city centre. B. Go to the High Street. C. Visit some shops. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A ________? ________ TO TENDER(投标) Contract (合同) for the design of a luxury hotel and conference (会议) centre in Rio de Janeiro. Horizon Hotel & Conference Centre — 5 stars www.hotelhorizon.br | 320 rooms Applicants are asked to hand in their letter of intention before 24 June, 2023. Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several construction companies to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro. HHCC is an international chain of high-class hotels and conference centres. It is famous for providing luxury accommodation and incredible service. We largely intend the hotel to be used for conferences and formal meetings by groups from throughout the world. Selected construction companies are required to hand in a plan for the ground floor of the building which will be L-shaped. Details of the project are as follows. The hotel will have seven floors: Basement — equipment and storage Ground floor — facilities to be decided First floor — a large conference room, three meeting rooms and a seminar room Second floor — office accommodation Third-fifth floors — bedrooms Sixth floor — a large restaurant, available for guests and the general public The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the construction company which produces the best plan for the ground floor. 1. Which word best fits the question mark “??” in the passage? A. APPROACH. B. INVITATION C. CONTRACT D. Handing-in 2. According to the passage, the hotel to be built will be mainly intended for________. A. conference participants B. holiday makers C. construction companies D. project applicants 3. HHCC’s ultimate decision will be based on the best design of________. A. the basement B. the first floor C. the entire building D. the ground floor B When I picked up The Woks of Life, a cookbook written by the Leung family, I was very excited. Inside there are mom-and-dad approved recipes with stories and photos—even a timeline—of the family’s history. “We call our cookbook culinary genealogy (烹饪家谱). We wanted the book to be our family’s stories told through food, rather than just characteristic recipes,” said Sarah Leung, who co-wrote the book during the pandemic (流行病) with her parents and younger sister. “We grew up in a food-obsessed (着迷的) family. Honestly, I’ve developed a quarter of these recipes myself,” Sarah added. “Over time, we’ll accomplish our goal: All family members are competent Chinese cooks.” The cookbook features dishes which might be made in a Chinese American home as well as in Chinese American takeout restaurants. “Home-style cooking and restaurant-style cooking have equal importance, but they are different,” Sarah said, adding that the family also discussed how to be respectful of each point. “I hope the recipes will appeal to Chinese Americans, like my family, and also those less familiar with Chinese cooking.” Part of their cookbook has also been posted on their website, attracting millions of faithful followers. The success of the cookbook is that it honors tradition as well as reflects modern interpretations, making it a mixture of the old and the new. It also offers building blocks for home cooks who want to learn to cook Chinese food. I started my exploration with the Kung Pao Chicken, a popular dish and also my favorite. Joyfully, the dish I made tasted like it was supposed to be. It really built up my confidence. Surely, as you can imagine, I have also set up my goal to be expert in Chinese cooking. The cookbook is promoting Chinese cooking to become the domain of home cooks in the United States. For too long, Chinese cooking has been a cuisine that many people are used to only eating out. 4. Why is the cookbook called culinary genealogy? A. It runs in the family. B. It is written by family members. C. It includes the story of a family. D. It contains mom-and-dad approved recipes. 5. Which of the following best describes the Leung family? A. Easygoing and helpful. B. Faithful and energetic. C. Devoted and considerate. D. Fortunate and thankful. 6. What does the author think of The Woks of Life? A. It is a typical Chinese cookbook. B. Its success lies in honoring tradition. C. It offers building blocks for all cooks. D. It helps improve the author’s cooking skills. 7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Most Americans are used to eating out. B. The cookbook has become a best seller. C. American home cooks prefer Chinese cooking. D. The cookbook benefits the spread of Chinese cooking. C Clown fish live their adult lives in the protective arms of sea anemones, the small brightly colored sea animals attached onto rocks to house clown fish. Between birth and adulthood, however, the fish have to complete a treacherous journey. After hatching, they swim out to the open sea to finish developing. After maturing, the young fish swim back, during which they have to avoid a “wall of mouths” by sensing the unfriendly smells. With ocean acidification, a trend that is occurring worldwide, scientists began to wonder what might happen to fish’s sense of smell. My team put 300 recently hatched clown fish in our lab. When we introduced a friendly fish odor (气味), they did not react. But when we introduced an enemy odor, they swam away. We then repeated the experiment with 300 new hatchlings from the same parents in the more acidic water-a level we can expect by the year 2100 if current trends continue. When we introduced friendly and unfriendly smells at the same time, the fish seemed unable to make up their minds, spending equal time swimming toward one smell and the other. They could sense chemical signals but couldn’t recognize the meaning of them. It is always tricky to say that behaviors seen in a lab would also be seen in the wild. So we went to a sandy lake near one of the Great Barrier Reef’s northern islands to test how wild-caught damselfish would react to enemy smells after exposing them to acidic water. In a tank, about half of them held in water with acidity expected by 2050 were attracted to the unfriendly odor and half were not, yet not one held in water anticipated by 2100 avoided being attracted to the enemy odor. We then let the marked damselfish loose in the lake. The fish once held in the most acidic water swam farther away from their protective home. Can fish adapt? Most studies have habituated fish to lifted acidic conditions over a few days or months-an extremely short length of time. The animals are not given a realistic opportunity to adapt. Yet some scientists thought that fish might escape the anger of ocean acidification, in part because early research done in the 1980s showed that certain animals had an astonishing ability to regulate their internal chemistry to survive acidified water. But maintaining normal functions such as avoiding danger is a different challenge. At a minimum, confusion could place yet another stressor on fish already challenged by rising water temperatures, overfishing, etc. Further, if many ocean creatures start to behave strangely, entire food webs and ecosystems could come crashing down. Although the science is still new, the results appear to be lining up: ocean acidification is messing with fish’s minds. 8. What does the underlined word “treacherous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Risky. B. Hurried. C. Mysterious. D. Helpless. 9. What can we learn about the fish in the acidic water? A. They lost their senses to chemical signals. B. They were less likely to respond to threats. C. Their behavior in the lab disappeared in the wild. D. They tended to seek the protection from their home. 10. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The author’s study confirms previous findings. B. Fish’s adaptation to acidic water is a matter of time. C. Different fishes behave differently to acidity change. D. The chances of restoring fish’s minds are yet to be seen. 11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. What Do Different Stressors Do to Ocean Creatures? B. What Does Ocean Acidity Mean to Ocean Creatures? C. How Does Ocean Acidification Destroy the Ecosystem? D. How Do Ocean Creatures Adapt to Ocean Acidification? D The “reading wars,” one of the most confusing and disabling conflicts in the history of education, went on heatedly in the 1980s and then peace came. Advocates of phonics (learning by being taught the sound of each letter group) seemed to defeat advocates of whole language (learning by using cues like context and being exposed to much good literature). Recent events suggest the conflict of complicated concepts is far from over. Teachers parents and experts appear to agree that phonics is crucial, but what is going on in classrooms is not in agreement with what research studies say is required, which has aroused a national debate over the meaning of the word “phonics.” Lucy M. Calkins, a professor at Columbia University’s Teachers College and a much-respected expert on how to teach reading, has drawn attention with an eight-page essay. Here is part of her argument: “The important thing is to teach kids that they needn’t freeze when they come to a hard word, nor skip past it. The important thing is to teach them that they have resources to draw upon, and to use those resources to develop endurance.” To Calkins’s critics, it is cruel and wasteful to encourage 6-year-olds to look for clues if they don’t immediately know the correct sounds. They should work on decoding — knowing the pronunciation of every letter group — until they master it, say the critics, backed by much research. Calkins’s approach “is a slow, unreliable way to read words and an inefficient way to develop word recognition skill,” Mark S. Seidenberg, a psychologist at the University of Wisconsin, said in a blog post. “Dr. Calkins treats word recognition as a reasoning problem — like solving a puzzle. She is committed to the educational principle that children learn best by discovering how systems work rather than being told.” Many others share his view. “Children should learn to decode — i.e., go from print on the page to words in the mind — not by clever guesswork and inference, but by learning to decode,” Daniel Willingham, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, told me. He said the inferences Calkins applauds are “cognitively (认知地) demanding, and readers don’t have much endurance for it. … It disturbs the flow of what you’re reading, and doing a lot of it gets frustrating.” Yet a recent survey found that only 22 percent of 670 early-reading teachers are using the approach of phonics and what they mean by phonics is often no more than marking up a worksheet. Both sides agree that children need to acquire the vocabulary and background information that gives meaning to words. But first, they have to pronounce them correctly to connect the words they have learned to speak. Calkins said in her essay: “Much of what the phonics people are saying is praiseworthy,” but it would be a mistake to teach phonics “at the expense of reading and writing.” The two sides appear to agree with her on that. 12. Critics of phonics hold the opinion that ________. A. children should be taught to use context B. teaching phonics is both boring and useless C. kids acquire vocabulary in hearing letter groups D. pronunciation has nothing to do with meaning of words 13. Which of the following statements is Mark S. Seidenberg most likely to agree with? A. Tell me and I will forget; show me and I will remember. B. Skilled reading is fast and automatic but not deliberative. C. Word recognition skill should be developed in problem reasoning. D. Learning to make reasonable inferences is also a way of decoding. 14. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A. phonics approach has been proved to be successful B. children don’t shy away from difficulties in reading C. the two reading approaches might integrate with each other D. reading and writing are much more important than phonics 15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. An everlasting reading war among critics B. From print on the page to words in the mind C. A battle restarts between phonics, whole language D. Decoding and inferring confuse early-reading teachers 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When students get home, they usually sit down at the table and pull out their homework. Piles of papers rise all the way to the ceiling. American students should get less homework on a daily basis. ____16____ Loads of homework can cause stress in a student and lead to health issues in the body and mind. Stress causes lack of sleep, slipping grades, tiredness, unhealthy eating habits, depression, and so on. Nervous breakdowns can make completing homework much more of a struggle and also effect the health and life of a student. ____17____ The recommended amount is 10 minutes times the grade level. So first grade gets 10 minutes; second grade gets 20 minutes; third grade gets 30 minutes, and so on, but kids are doing much more than that. Twenty three percent of 13-year-olds do more than 2 hours a night. ____18____ There is no academic benefit for high school students after 2 hours and there are no academic benefits for middle school students after 1 and a half hours. Doing homework all night can take away a student’s free time and sleep. Always doing homework can lead to less time for sports and after-school activities. ____19____ Worse still, hanging out with friends is decreased, so that means there is less socializing. Staying up late and doing homework takes away a student’s time to sleep. Not enough sleep can leave students tired, and at school they might focus less or fall asleep during class. Shouldn’t students get less homework so that they can be happy and have more time with family and friends? ____20____ If teachers and parents tried to reduce the amount of homework, there would be a decrease in stress and anxiety and an increase in happiness! A. Lack of sleep can cause great stress. B. The more the students do, the less they get out of doing it. C. Administrators, teachers, and parents need to address this issue. D. Family time is also decreased, which can add more family conflict. E. Homework-related anxiety and stress can affect school work negatively. F. Kids are doing more than the recommended amount with no academic benefits. G. Anyway, too much homework can cause quite a few physical and mental problems. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节 单句补全（每小题1分，共10题，满分10分） 21. If you have more than the duty-free allowances or prohibited goods, go through the red channel and ________ them to a customs officer. A. send B. attach C. declare D. lead 22. The lecture having been given, a lively question-answer ________ followed. A. session B. fiction C. negotiation D. tournament 23. For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with $400 would be a source of temptation (诱惑). But the ________ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. A. hope B. capacity C. tension D. urge 24. We are determined that our training should________the current development in education. A. keep pace with B. take possession of C. make room for D. take for granted 25. Worn out from the heavy labor yesterday, I have to ________ myself out of bed this morning. A. withdraw B. drag C. suspend D. flip 26. The proposals that you have put forward ________ serious consideration. A. dismiss B. extend C. deserve D. acquire 27. Briggs will________as general manager when Mitchell resigns. A. get away B. take over C. turn out D. run out 28. It’s believed that people who reach out to strangers feel a sense of belonging, a(n) ________with others. A. appointment B. conflict C. mixture D. bond 29. —The trip to Yangzhou is impressive thanks to free access to tourist attraction, isn’t it? —Well, free access is just an added________and the real attraction lies in its local-flavor food. A bonus B. platform C. reward D. contract 30. Thousands of soldiers are working to________food and blankets to the victims. A. exploit B. distribute C. input D. transform 第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） I didn’t always make my living from music. For several years after graduating from an art school, I was a living ____31____on the street. I painted myself white with a hat at my feet. When passers-by ____32____ money, I looked them in the eye. My eyes would say — “Thank you. I see you.” Interestingly, I actually made a stable ____33____ by doing this. Meanwhile, I started to play in a band and eventually started making enough money so that I could ____34____ being a statue. But I didn’t want to lose the sense of direct ____35____ with people. So after our shows, we would hug fans and hang out. Then Twitter came along and made things more magic, for I could ask ____36____ for anything anywhere. If I tweeted “I needed a piano to practice on”, an hour later I would be at a fan’s house. I loved this kind of random ____37____. Our first record didn’t sell well. Then in one show a man came up and ____38____ me a $10 bill, “Sorry, I burned your CD from a friend. Take this.” That’s when I realized I had become the ____39____, receiving help from people. It kept happening until I decided to ____40____ my music on line and ask for help, because I saw it work on the street. I started crowdfunding with a $100,000 goal. My fans ____41____ me at 1.2 million. I got much disapproval for ____42____ free downloading and sharing. Many see my act as a risk, while I see it as ____43____. Nowadays, the Internet tools make the exchange easy, ____44____ they won’t help if we can’t face each other honestly to ask and give. How do we make people pay for music? The real answer is: I didn’t make them. I ____45____ them. Through this, I connect with them, and when you connect, people want to help. 31. A. statue B. singer C. beggar D. clerk 32. A. handed out B. dropped in C. asked for D. got through 33. A. friend B. routine C. home D. income 34. A. continue B. forget C. quit D. consider 35. A. conversation B. satisfaction C. competition D. connection 36. A. publicly B. eagerly C. instantly D. patiently 37. A. kindness B. business C. politeness D. closeness 38. A. charged B. handed C. owned D. sent 39. A. piano B. CD C. hat D. record 40. A. keep up B. give away C. set down D. live on 41 A. bothered B. ignored C. backed D. visited 42. A. reforming B. resisting C. indicating D. encouraging 43. A. opposition B. trust C. luck D. hope 44. A. and B. so C. but D. because 45. A. ask B. reward C. give D. show 第三节 语篇语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Passenger pigeons (旅鸽) once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. When its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion of them. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock ____46____ (believe) to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles long was seen near Cincinnati. Sadly, where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was ____47____ ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, ____48____ (wait) until pigeons had settled to feed, and threw large nets over them, taking ____49____ (hundred) at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants. By the closing decades of the 19th century the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested ____50____ (damage) by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, ____51____ cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to ____52____ (they) decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again. In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, ____53____ by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. ____54____ a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known ____55____ (affectionate) as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914. 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David来信询问你大学选择什么专业，请你用英语给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你感兴趣的专业； 2. 该专业的重要性； 3. 该专业就业前景。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear David, Glad to hear from you. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $