Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas&Ⅴ Presenting ideas-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册

N 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） Section IV Developing ideas 1.通过阅读，了解如何用比较的写作手法介绍人物。 学习目标 2. 初步掌握人物介绍的基本内容、文体特征，领悟两位诗人对自然的热爱。 bow rural decent cottage domestic depressive depart purity resign botanical 单词 必备 reject ease attain evaluate 知识 短语 in return for draw...from a reaction to withdraw from resign oneself to at ease with 关键能力 读 Henry David Thoreau生活的年代，回归田园 文脉梳理 生活的社会背景、原因，写作风格的异同， Back to Nature的语篇类型为论说文，： 表达了他们对自然的热爱和对田园生活的向 通过介绍、比较中外田园诗人陶渊明和：往。结合文章结构，完成填空。 Tao Yuanming Henry David Thoreau His return to nature was a reac- His return to nature was a tion to a lifestyle he 1. personal decision to 3. the Differences Reasons for because he felt 2. over way he lived.He wanted to live a returning to life at court. 4 life. nature Both were happy to withdraw from contemporary life,seeking a Similarity harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives. He spent the next 22 years working He lived in a cottage in the forest Their way of Differences the land in a poor,5. on the edge of Walden Pond,fo- life area. cusing on 6. Similarity Their works show the nature's beauty and value. Tao's nature is a place of fields Differences in Thoreau's nature emphasized Their works and villages,and his animals are content 8. of the wild areas about nature 7. ones. The 9. life he wrote His writing aimed to convince Differences in aim about is in contrast to and criticalpeople that animals and plants had of the 10. .a right to 11. In today's modern world,their ideas about 12. and 13. Conclusion may take us a step closer to 14. 74) 学 Unit5 Leamning from nature 重点知识 (I)oppose是及物动词，后面直接接宾语， 强调动作上的反对，反对的对象通常是 1.a reaction to 某种行为、计划、观点等，而非某人。 (1)对…的反应/回应 He opposed the plan to build a new factory. His return was a reaction to a lifestyle he 他反对建造新工厂的计划。 was opposed to.他的回归是对他所反对 (2)be opposed to是形容词短语，其中to是 的生活方式的一种回应。 介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾 (2)in reaction to对…回应react with与 语，更强调一种反对的态度或立场。 …进行反应react against反抗，反 She is opposed to smoking in public places 对react to对…作出反应 她反对在公共场所吸烟。 国牛刀小试 类似这种同义但是一个强调动作、一个 根据语境用短语的恰当形式填空。 强调状态或态度的表达，在英语中还 ①Iron water and air 有很多。例如： faster when heated. marry和be married to;prepare for和be ②Children tend to prepared for;adapt to be adapted to; their parents by going against their wishes. get used to和be used to;:open和be open; 3The man was usually polite but convince和be convinced等。 those words angrily at that :国牛刀小试 moment. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 2.at ease with ①She a famous actor last month (1)放松，与…轻松相处 And now she him.(marry) He is at ease with strangers.他与陌生人 ②The students are the upcoming 一起的时候很放松。 exam.They hope they it when it (2)put sb.at ease使人放松at ease舒适， comes.(prepare for) 放松，自在with ease容易，不费劲 3It's not easy for him to the new 写牛刀小试 environment,but after a few months,he DHe has an ability to make others feel it.(adapt to) him. ④It takes time to the local customs, 他总能让别人跟他在一起时感到放松。 but once you them,you'll enjoy ②The doctor managed to your life here.(get/be uesed to) (使紧张的病人放松下来). ⑤Please the door.It's too stuffy in 3.oppose be opposed to the room.The door for two hours oppose和be opposed to都有“反对”的 every morning.(open) 意思，但在用法上有一些区别。 ⑥I managed to him that we could 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） finish the project on time.He our 入丛林，是因为我希望自由地生活，只面对 ability after my explanation.(convince) 生活中的基本事实。”两个人都乐于从当下 ⑦Many people the new policy.They 的生活中抽身而退，在平静的生活中寻求与 it because they think it will do 自然和谐的关系。 harm to the environment.(oppose) 尽管陶渊明和梭罗对待自然的方式不 参考译文 同，但他们的作品都展现了自然的美丽和价 值。陶渊明的自然是田野和村庄，换句话 回归大自然 说，是田园。陶渊明的动物们都是家养的， 陶渊明和亨利·大卫·梭罗都是诗人，但 比如鸡和狗。陶渊明描写的平静祥和的生 是一位生活在古代中国，另一位生活在19 活，与压抑的官场生活形成鲜明对比，是对 世纪的美国。表面上看，这两个人生活在不 压抑的官场生活的批判： 同的时代，相隔近一千五百年，迥然不同。： 暧暖远人村，依依墟里烟。狗吠深巷 然而，他们都非常尊重自然，这使得他们在 中，鸡鸣桑树颠。 各自的时代都成为有影响力的人物。 梭罗在描述自然时，重点描绘了他周围 为了重归自然，两人的生活都发生了戏 原野的美丽与纯粹。他全身心投入到观察自 剧性的转变。陶渊明是东晋的官员，但是对：然现象中，并在日记中详细地记录了自己的 官场生活感到困惑。公元405年，陶渊明辞 发现。梭罗的写作意在使人们信服，动物和 去了官职，以表达他对仕途的不满，用今天： 植物就像我们人类一样都有生存和繁荣的权 的一句名言形容就是“不为五斗米折腰”。 利。我们应该与它们和谐共处，享受大自然 在之后的22年里，直到生命的尽头，他躬：的恩赐，正如他在日记中描述的那样： 耕于田野，生活在清贫的农村。我们可以从 好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空 他的诗歌中看出，尽管生活艰苦，但他从这 气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一 种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感，并从大：切。让生活中只有饮食和草药。 自然中获得了乐趣。 像陶渊明和梭罗那样，拒绝简单熟悉的 陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活 事物，转而尝试亲近大自然，这需要相当大 方式作出的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人： 的勇气。他们的选择使他们过上了平静而沉 的决定而改变自己的生活方式。虽然梭罗过：思的生活，物质欲望减少了。在今天这个现 着体面的生活，但他希望活得更简单些。两：代世界，他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相 年两个月零两天，他住在瓦尔登湖边森林里：处的想法，可能会让我们离获得个人幸福和 的一间小屋里，专注于自身和写作。他在满足感更近一步。 《瓦尔登湖》中解释了这样做的原因：“我步 76)学 Unit 5 Leaming from nature Section V Presenting ideas 1.发现并总结故事的基本内容、文体特征和写作手法，运用所学知识写一则小故事。 学习目标 2.了解扩展隐喻的修辞手法，并能在写作中适当运用。 3.熟悉演讲稿的写作手法和演讲的必要技巧，完成综合性活动。 必备 单词 struggle survive illustrate 知识 短语 enable...to do go through 关键能力 写 A Lesson from Ants 例文鉴赏 One day,I was resting in my grandparent's 完成Activity5,了解扩展隐喻的定义， garden when I saw that the sky was covered 思考如何用该修辞手法描述自然现象及从中：with dark clouds,this being a sure sign of 获得的启示。仔细观察Activity6的漫画，从：rain.All of a sudden,an ant came into my 中选择一幅拟一个标题，并且利用Activity7:sight..The tiny creature was trying hard to ca- 的提示，在下方列出这篇文章的结构框架。 rry a tiny piece of bread to its nest,but its efforts were in vain.Each time the ant picked up the piece of bread,it rolled down its body and fell onto the ground.While I was won- dering why the ant was trying so hard to achieve the impossible,it was joined by more 参考范文 ants.This group of ants worked together,and 观察自然，感受启示，这一类的作文属：eventually they managed to carry the piece of 于夹叙夹议的文章，在写作时应注意：选取：bread to their nest. 与自然相关且富有哲理的主题；描述自然现： Similarly,we can cooperate and collabo- 象，并自然过渡到该现象给我们的启示；恰：rate in order to achieve what seems impossible 当运用修辞手法。 for us to do as individuals.In order to achieve our goals,we should work together. 学 771.associate...with../be associated with 2.be used to 3.take...for granted 4.a superb example of 5.re- spond to6.be in harmony with7.建筑学前沿8.被 引入9.目的是，旨在10.被…所吸收11.以… 为食，用…喂养12.把…转换成… 四、句子英汉互译 1.Losing my job taught me never to take anything for granted. 2.He is an experienced driver and he is used to driving at night. 3.When the students saw the famous architect,they got so excited that they cried out 4.They converted the old school into luxury flats. 5.事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把 它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。 6.大自然体现在各式各样的建筑设计中。 7.这些面板还可以吸收太阳的热量，并转化为电 能，给建筑物供电。 五、句式转换 1.An open flower might make us think how closely it resembles an umbrella. 2.But of course it wasn't the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone. 3.Today,architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms,to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. 4.The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds. 5.The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy,but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 A:1~4 BDCB B:1~4 DCCB Ⅱ.完形填空 1-5 DCBCA 6~10 BDCAD 11~15 CBADA Section ll Using language 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.wisdom;wise 2.solution;solve 3.employ;em- ployment;employer;employee 4.physician;physical; 参考答案。 physically::物理学家 二、单句语法填空 1.cut 2.original 3.of 4.Observe 5.solving/to be solved 6.will be employed 7.to avoid 8.inspired 9.in 10.beneficial 三、短语英汉互译 1.be supposed to 2.seek solutions to 3.take inspi- ration from 4.be known as 5.come into being 6. 生，发生7.被誉为，有…成就8.被视为…， 与…等同9.高龄10.心理上的好处 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 A:1~4 ABCD B:1~4 BDCA Ⅱ.完形填空 1~5 DDAAB 6~10 DABDB 11~15 ACACB n Section IV Developing ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.deliberately;deliberate 2.domestic;domestically 3.depressive;depress;depression 4.depart;departure 5.pure;purely;purify 6.fulfillment;fulfill 7.evaluate; evaluation 二、单句语法填空 1.have reacted 2.influential 3.a 4.of 5.de- parture 6.description 7.emphasis 8.purify 9.reac- tion 10.considerable 三、短语英汉互译 1.in return for 2.a reaction to 3.be opposed to 4.in contrast to 5.devote oneself to 6.at ease with 7.永远8.从…中获得乐趣9.从…中退出10.使 自己顺从于，安于11.物质欲望12.幸福感和满足感 四、句子英汉互译 1.Even though the two attitudes are polar opposites, they share the same goal. 2.We get many benefits in return for our taxes. 3.The injury has forced him to withdraw from the competition. 4.You don't have to resign yourself to doing a job that you don't enjoy. 5.表面上看，这两个人生活在不同的时代，相隔近 一千五百年，迥然不同。 6.然而，他们都非常尊重自然，这使得他们在各自 105 高中英语选择性必修第三册（外研版） 的时代都成为有影响力的人物。 7.两个人都乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退，在平静 的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。 8.好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空气，畅饮美 酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一切 五、句式转换 1.From his poetry,we can learn that although his life was arduous,he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature. 2.While Tao's return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to,Thoreau's was a personal decision to transform the way he lived. 3.The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life. 4.It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature,as both Tao and Thoreau did. 拓展训练 【.阅读理解 A:1~3 BDA B:1~4 BCDD C:1~4 BDCA Ⅱ.七选五 1~5 BACGD Unit6 Natu Section I Starting out 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.natural;naturally 2.poetry;poet 3.symbol 二、短语英汉互译 1.in detail 2.be aware of 3.pick up 4.be known as.5.旅行日志6.追溯到7.出现8.共同的主题 三、句子英汉互译 1.Nature is symbolised by simple images of animals. 2.虽然我们在自然中看到和听到的似乎很简单，但 在这种简单中隐藏着伟大的美、神秘和壮丽，人类无法 真正欣赏或捕捉到它们的艺术。 Section ll Understanding ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 106 Ⅲ.语法填空 1.built 2.the 3.ability 4.using 5.slowly 6.to cool 7.at 8.goes 9.natural 10.how Section V Presenting ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.survive;survival;survivor 2.illustrate;illustration 3.apply;application 二、单句语法填空 1.with 2.dragging 3.was forced 4.to be 5.readily 6.to 7.survival 三、短语英汉互译 1.be ready to do 2.drag around 3.go through 4.详尽地5.生命的斗争6.使…能够做 四、句子英汉互译 1.所以他坐下来，看着蝴蝶挣扎着从小洞里挤出来。 2.蝴蝶没有飞走，而是虚弱地拖动自身，然后死掉了。 3.我们必须经历些困难，才能展翅飞翔。 4.He was too tired to go any further 5.In the same way,you should try out more styles of painting. ire in words 1.inspect;inspection 2.innocence 3.gently 4.fascinate;fascination5.流汗6.厚厚地覆盖；地毯 7.quiet8.flat;公寓 二、单句语法填空 1.innocent 2.inspector 3.thoroughly 4.on 5.faded 6.charming 7.gently 8.of 9.weekly 10.at 三、短语英汉互译 1.at the risk of...2.talk away 3.wake up 4.pale blue5.来访；苏醒6.远离；除了7.爆发8.寂然 的白色 四、句子英汉互译 1.Even at the risk of appearing to this fair and witty reviewer as another Mr.Woodhouse,I must insist that last night's fall of snow here was an event. 2.I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children,whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as if Christmas had suddenly come round again.