寒假作业08 阅读理解特训（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材人教版

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 阅读理解特训 核心知识积累： 同学们先掌握这些核心要点，做题时才能事半功倍！下面的表格里，老师把考点、技巧和易错点都讲透了，一定要仔细看哦！ 板块 详细解析 核心考点 ①细节理解题（占比约50%）：考查时间（如at 8:00 a.m.）、地点（如in the library）、人物（如Tom/Lucy）、事件（如what sb. did）等具体信息。大家要记住，这类题答案一定在原文里，关键是找到“对应点”。 例子：题干问“What does Mary have for breakfast?”，就找原文中“Mary”和“breakfast”同时出现的句子。 ②推理判断题（占比20%-25%）：不能选原文直接说的内容，要根据原文信息“推一步”。比如原文说“Tom takes an umbrella”，只能推“it may rain”，不能推“it is raining”（太绝对）。 ③ 词义猜测题（占比10%-15%）：不认识的词不用慌，看它前后的“线索”——比如but（反义）、like/such as（举例）、破折号（解释）。 常考简单词汇的语境义，比如“green”在“green food”里是“健康的”，不是“绿色的”。 ④ 主旨大意题（占比15%左右）：要找全文的“核心”，不是某一段的细节。答案大多藏在首段首句、尾段尾句，或者各段首句串联起来的意思。 ⑤ 观点态度题（偶尔考）：通过文中的评价词（如happy、good、terrible）、情态动词（如should、must）判断作者或人物的情感。 多考积极（praising）、中性（neutral）的态度。 解题技巧 1.细节题：“关键词定位法”（必用！） 第一步：圈题干里的“关键词”——人名、数字、特殊名词（如library、Mid-Autumn Festival）、疑问词对应的内容（what问事件、where问地点）； 第二步：带着关键词回原文“扫读”，找到包含关键词的句子（定位句）； 第三步：比对选项和定位句，找“同义转换”的选项（常见：like=love、go to school=arrive at school）。 2.推理题：“排除法”（保命技巧！） 第一步：先排除两种选项——① 原文直接说的（不是推断）；② 绝对化的（must/only/never，上册几乎不选）； 第二步：剩下的选项结合全文主旨判断，哪个更合理就选哪个。 3.词义题：“语境分析法”重点看生词前后的信号词： - 反义：but（如“Tom is tall, but his brother is short.” 不认识short，可通过but和tall推断是“矮的”）； - 举例：such as/for example（如“Some fruits, such as apples and bananas, are healthy.” 不认识fruits，可通过举例推断是“水果”）； - 解释：破折号/that is（如“He is a vegetarian — he doesn't eat meat.” 可通过解释推断vegetarian是“素食者”）。 4.主旨题：“首尾句概括法” 第一步：读首段首句和尾段尾句，抓住核心话题（如全文都在讲“moon cakes”，核心话题就是月饼）； 第二步：排除“局部细节选项”（只讲某一段内容的，比如全文讲月饼，选项只讲一个与人相关的故事，就不选）； 第三步：选能涵盖“核心话题+作者意图”的选项（如“The History of Moon Cakes”）。 易错提醒 ①细节题“偷换概念”：选项和原文关键词“长得像但意思不同”，比如常考的borrow（借进）和lend（借出）——原文说“I borrow a book from Tom”，选项写成“I lend a book to Tom”，一字之差，答案就错了！一定要逐词比对。 ②推理题“过度推断”：脱离原文瞎想！比如原文说“It's cloudy today”，不能推断“It will rain heavily”，只能推断“It may rain”。记住：推断要“有依据”，不能“加戏”。 ③主旨题“以偏概全”：把某一段的细节当全文主旨。比如全文讲“我的校园生活”，包含教室、图书馆、操场的内容，选项只说“我的教室”，就错了。 ④词义题“望文生义”：只看单词表面意思，忽略上下文。比如“green”在“green job”里不是“绿色的工作”，结合上下文“environmental protection”（环保），应该是“环保的工作”。 ⑤ 通用错误：“不看题干要求”比如题干问“Which is NOT true?”，粗心选成“Which is true?”。做题时一定要圈题干里的“NOT/except/不超过X词”。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 基础篇（3篇）—— 细节理解为主，夯实基础 （1）基础篇1：日常生活类 Passage 1 Last Saturday, I joined a volunteer group to help the elderly at Happy Home Nursing Home. We met at the community gate at 8:00 a.m. Before leaving, our leader Ms. Li told us to be polite and patient with the old people. When we arrived, the elderly were waiting for us in the garden. I was paired with Grandma Wang, an 82-year-old woman who loves reading. She told me she used to be a Chinese teacher. I helped her clean the window of her room first. Then, I sat with her and read a poem book aloud. She listened carefully and sometimes stopped to explain the meaning of the poems. Her voice was soft but full of passion. At noon, we had lunch together. I fed Grandma Wang some rice because her hands shook a little. She smiled and said I was as kind as her granddaughter. In the afternoon, we put on a small show for the elderly. Some volunteers sang old songs, and others danced. I played the guitar and sang "You Are My Sunshine". Grandma Wang clapped her hands loudly. Before we left at 4:00 p.m., I gave her a handmade card with my phone number on it. I promised to visit her next month. This volunteer work made me realize that the elderly need not only food and care but also company. I felt very happy because I could bring warmth to them. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）1. When did the volunteer group meet at the community gate? A. At 8:00 a.m. B. At 9:00 a.m. C. At 4:00 p.m. D. At noon （ ）2. What did the writer do first for Grandma Wang? A. Read poems to her B. Cleaned her window C. Fed her lunch D. Gave her a card （ ）3. Why did Grandma Wang say the writer was kind? A. Because the writer sang for her B. Because the writer helped her clean the room C. Because the writer fed her rice D. Because the writer made a card for her （ ）4. What did the writer do in the afternoon show? A. Sang old songs B. Danced C. Played the guitar and sang D. Hosted the show （ ）5. What did the writer realize from the volunteer work? A. The elderly need company B. Volunteering is tiring C. Grandma Wang is lonely D. The nursing home is clean （2）基础篇2：校园生活类 Passage 2 My school has a big and quiet library. It's my favorite place in the school. There are many rules in the library, and we all need to follow them. First, we must be quiet in the library. We can't talk loudly or run. If we need to ask the librarian a question, we should speak softly. Second, we can borrow up to 3 books at a time. Each book can be kept for 2 weeks. If we can't finish reading them, we need to renew them at the front desk. Third, we can't eat or drink in the library. Food and drinks may make the books dirty. Fourth, we should put the books back to the right place after reading. We can ask the librarian for help if we don't know where to put them. The library is open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. On weekends, it's only open in the morning, from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. I often go to the library to read storybooks after class. It's a great place to learn and relax. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）6. What's the writer's favorite place in the school? A. The classroom B. The library C. The playground D. The dining hall （ ）7. How many books can students borrow at a time? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 （ ）8. How long can students keep each borrowed book? A. For 1 week B. For 2 weeks C. For 3 weeks D. For 4 weeks （ ）9. When is the library open on weekends? A. From 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. B. From 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. C. From 8:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. D. It's closed on weekends （ ）10. What can't students do in the library? A. Read storybooks B. Ask the librarian questions C. Eat snacks D. Borrow books （3）基础篇3：家庭故事类 Passage 3 Last Sunday evening, my family had a big dinner at home. My parents, my little sister and I all took part in it. My mother cooked many delicious dishes. She made my favorite fish, my father's favorite braised pork, and my sister's favorite tomato egg soup. Before dinner, my father helped set the table. He put plates, bowls and chopsticks on the table. My sister and I helped wash the vegetables. We talked and laughed while working. At 6:30 p.m., dinner started. We ate and talked happily. My father told us a funny story about his childhood. My sister sang a song for us. She sang very well, and we all clapped our hands. After dinner, my sister and I cleaned the table. My father washed the dishes. My mother sat on the sofa and watched TV. We all felt happy. It was a wonderful family dinner. I love my family. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）11. When did the family have the big dinner? A. Last Saturday evening B. Last Sunday evening C. This Sunday evening D. Yesterday evening （ ）12. What's the writer's favorite dish? A. Fish B. Braised pork C. Tomato egg soup D. Vegetables （ ）13. Who helped set the table before dinner? A. The writer B. The writer's mother C. The writer's father D. The writer's sister （ ）14. What time did the dinner start? A. At 6:00 p.m. B. At 6:30 p.m. C. At 7:00 p.m. D. At 7:30 p.m. （ ）15. What did the writer do after dinner? A. Washed the dishes B. Watched TV C. Cleaned the table D. Sang a song 提高篇（3篇）—— 综合题型突破，提升能力 （1）提高篇1：科普说明类 Passage 4 Bamboo is a kind of plant that grows in many parts of the world, especially in Asia. It is not a tree but a grass, though it looks like a tree. Bamboo has many amazing characteristics that make it very useful to humans. One of the most surprising things about bamboo is its growth speed. Some bamboo species can grow up to 1 meter in a single day! This is much faster than most trees. The reason for this fast growth is that bamboo has a special root system. The roots spread widely and take in nutrients quickly, supporting the rapid growth of the stem. Bamboo is also very strong. It has a higher tensile strength than steel, which means it can hold heavy weight without breaking. For this reason, bamboo is used to build houses, bridges, and even furniture. In some countries, bamboo scaffolding is used in construction because it is light and easy to carry. Another advantage of bamboo is its environmental friendliness. It absorbs a lot of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and releases oxygen, helping to fight climate change. Unlike trees, when bamboo is cut down, it grows back quickly from its roots, so it does not need to be replanted. Additionally, bamboo products are biodegradable, meaning they can break down naturally in the environment and not cause pollution. From daily items like chopsticks and toothbrushes to large structures like bridges, bamboo plays an important role in our lives. It is truly a "green gold" for humans. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）16. What can we infer about bamboo from the first paragraph? A. It is a type of tree B. It only grows in Asia C. It has unique uses D. It is rare in the world （ ）17. Why does bamboo grow very fast? A. It gets enough sunlight B. It has a special root system C. It absorbs much water D. It is a kind of grass （ ）18. The underlined word "biodegradable" in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. A. 可回收的 B. 可降解的 C. 可循环的 D. 可利用的 （ ）19. What is the main reason bamboo is used in construction? A. It is cheap B. It is easy to get C. It is strong and light D. It grows quickly （ ）20. What is the writer's attitude towards bamboo? A. Doubtful B. Critical C. Praising D. Uninterested （2）提高篇2：文化故事类 Passage 5 Every year during the Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese families gather together to eat moon cakes and admire the full moon. But do you know the story behind the moon cake? A long time ago, in the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongolians ruled China. The people were unhappy with the harsh rule and wanted to fight for freedom. However, it was difficult to communicate secretly because the Mongolian soldiers watched everyone closely. A wise man named Liu Bowen came up with a clever idea. He asked people to make special cakes with a piece of paper inside. The paper had a message: "Gather at night on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month to fight." He then asked peddlers to sell these cakes all over the country. The Mongolian soldiers thought they were just ordinary cakes and did not check them. On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, thousands of people gathered as planned and started the fight against the Mongolians. After winning the fight, people continued to eat moon cakes to remember this important event. Over time, moon cakes became a symbol of unity and family reunion. Today, moon cakes come in many flavors, such as lotus seed paste, red bean paste, and salted egg yolk. But no matter what flavor they are, the meaning of family togetherness remains the same. Next time you eat a moon cake, remember the brave people who fought for freedom and the love of family behind this traditional food. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）21. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival B. To ask a question about moon cakes C. To tell people to eat moon cakes D. To describe the full moon （ ）22. Why did people use moon cakes to send messages? A. Because everyone liked eating them B. Because Mongolian soldiers didn't check them C. Because they were easy to carry D. Because they were cheap to make （ ）23. What does the moon cake symbolize today? A. Freedom and bravery B. Wisdom and cleverness C. Unity and family reunion D. Happiness and success （ ）24. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Liu Bowen was a Mongolian leader B. Moon cakes had messages inside in the Yuan Dynasty C. People fought on the 15th day of the 9th lunar month D. Moon cakes only have one flavor now （ ）25. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Mid-Autumn Festival B. A Wise Man—Liu Bowen C. The History of Moon Cakes D. How to Make Moon Cakes （3）提高篇3：环保主题类 Passage 6 Plastic waste has become a serious environmental problem. It pollutes oceans, harms wildlife, and takes hundreds of years to break down. But everyone can do something to reduce plastic waste in daily life. Here are some practical tips: 1. Bring your own reusable items: Instead of using single-use plastic bags, carry a cloth bag when shopping. Use a metal or glass water bottle instead of plastic ones. For coffee lovers, a reusable cup is a good choice—many cafes even offer discounts for customers who bring their own cups. 2. Avoid plastic packaging: Try to buy fruits and vegetables without plastic packaging. For example, choose loose carrots instead of those in plastic bags. You can also use beeswax wraps to store food at home, which are better than plastic wrap. 3. Say no to plastic straws and utensils: When eating out, ask for no plastic straw. If you need utensils, bring a set of metal chopsticks or a spoon. Some restaurants now provide bamboo utensils as a greener option. 4. Recycle properly: Learn about the recycling rules in your area. Not all plastics can be recycled. For example, plastic bags often cannot be recycled in regular bins—you need to take them to special recycling points. Clean plastic items before recycling to make the process easier. The table below shows the amount of plastic waste reduced by different actions in one month: Action Plastic Waste Reduced (per person) Using cloth bags 15 plastic bags Using reusable water bottles 20 plastic bottles Saying no to straws 30 plastic straws Small actions add up. If everyone follows these tips, we can make a big difference to the environment. 根据短文及表格内容，完成下列题目： 26. What is the main problem caused by plastic waste? (不超过15词) ________________________________________________________________ 27. How can coffee lovers reduce plastic waste? (不超过10词) ________________________________________________________________ 28. What can replace plastic wrap for storing food? (不超过5词) ________________________________________________________________ 29. How many plastic bottles can one person reduce by using a reusable bottle in a month? (直接写数字) ________________________________________________________________ 30. What is the writer's advice on recycling plastic? (不超过20词) ________________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业08 阅读理解特训 核心知识积累： 同学们先掌握这些核心要点，做题时才能事半功倍！下面的表格里，老师把考点、技巧和易错点都讲透了，一定要仔细看哦！ 板块 详细解析 核心考点 ①细节理解题（占比约50%）：考查时间（如at 8:00 a.m.）、地点（如in the library）、人物（如Tom/Lucy）、事件（如what sb. did）等具体信息。大家要记住，这类题答案一定在原文里，关键是找到“对应点”。 例子：题干问“What does Mary have for breakfast?”，就找原文中“Mary”和“breakfast”同时出现的句子。 ②推理判断题（占比20%-25%）：不能选原文直接说的内容，要根据原文信息“推一步”。比如原文说“Tom takes an umbrella”，只能推“it may rain”，不能推“it is raining”（太绝对）。 ③ 词义猜测题（占比10%-15%）：不认识的词不用慌，看它前后的“线索”——比如but（反义）、like/such as（举例）、破折号（解释）。 常考简单词汇的语境义，比如“green”在“green food”里是“健康的”，不是“绿色的”。 ④ 主旨大意题（占比15%左右）：要找全文的“核心”，不是某一段的细节。答案大多藏在首段首句、尾段尾句，或者各段首句串联起来的意思。 ⑤ 观点态度题（偶尔考）：通过文中的评价词（如happy、good、terrible）、情态动词（如should、must）判断作者或人物的情感。 多考积极（praising）、中性（neutral）的态度。 解题技巧 1.细节题：“关键词定位法”（必用！） 第一步：圈题干里的“关键词”——人名、数字、特殊名词（如library、Mid-Autumn Festival）、疑问词对应的内容（what问事件、where问地点）； 第二步：带着关键词回原文“扫读”，找到包含关键词的句子（定位句）； 第三步：比对选项和定位句，找“同义转换”的选项（常见：like=love、go to school=arrive at school）。 2.推理题：“排除法”（保命技巧！） 第一步：先排除两种选项——① 原文直接说的（不是推断）；② 绝对化的（must/only/never，上册几乎不选）； 第二步：剩下的选项结合全文主旨判断，哪个更合理就选哪个。 3.词义题：“语境分析法”重点看生词前后的信号词： - 反义：but（如“Tom is tall, but his brother is short.” 不认识short，可通过but和tall推断是“矮的”）； - 举例：such as/for example（如“Some fruits, such as apples and bananas, are healthy.” 不认识fruits，可通过举例推断是“水果”）； - 解释：破折号/that is（如“He is a vegetarian — he doesn't eat meat.” 可通过解释推断vegetarian是“素食者”）。 4.主旨题：“首尾句概括法” 第一步：读首段首句和尾段尾句，抓住核心话题（如全文都在讲“moon cakes”，核心话题就是月饼）； 第二步：排除“局部细节选项”（只讲某一段内容的，比如全文讲月饼，选项只讲一个与人相关的故事，就不选）； 第三步：选能涵盖“核心话题+作者意图”的选项（如“The History of Moon Cakes”）。 易错提醒 ①细节题“偷换概念”：选项和原文关键词“长得像但意思不同”，比如常考的borrow（借进）和lend（借出）——原文说“I borrow a book from Tom”，选项写成“I lend a book to Tom”，一字之差，答案就错了！一定要逐词比对。 ②推理题“过度推断”：脱离原文瞎想！比如原文说“It's cloudy today”，不能推断“It will rain heavily”，只能推断“It may rain”。记住：推断要“有依据”，不能“加戏”。 ③主旨题“以偏概全”：把某一段的细节当全文主旨。比如全文讲“我的校园生活”，包含教室、图书馆、操场的内容，选项只说“我的教室”，就错了。 ④词义题“望文生义”：只看单词表面意思，忽略上下文。比如“green”在“green job”里不是“绿色的工作”，结合上下文“environmental protection”（环保），应该是“环保的工作”。 ⑤ 通用错误：“不看题干要求”比如题干问“Which is NOT true?”，粗心选成“Which is true?”。做题时一定要圈题干里的“NOT/except/不超过X词”。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 基础篇（3篇）—— 细节理解为主，夯实基础 （1）基础篇1：日常生活类 Passage 1 Last Saturday, I joined a volunteer group to help the elderly at Happy Home Nursing Home. We met at the community gate at 8:00 a.m. Before leaving, our leader Ms. Li told us to be polite and patient with the old people. When we arrived, the elderly were waiting for us in the garden. I was paired with Grandma Wang, an 82-year-old woman who loves reading. She told me she used to be a Chinese teacher. I helped her clean the window of her room first. Then, I sat with her and read a poem book aloud. She listened carefully and sometimes stopped to explain the meaning of the poems. Her voice was soft but full of passion. At noon, we had lunch together. I fed Grandma Wang some rice because her hands shook a little. She smiled and said I was as kind as her granddaughter. In the afternoon, we put on a small show for the elderly. Some volunteers sang old songs, and others danced. I played the guitar and sang "You Are My Sunshine". Grandma Wang clapped her hands loudly. Before we left at 4:00 p.m., I gave her a handmade card with my phone number on it. I promised to visit her next month. This volunteer work made me realize that the elderly need not only food and care but also company. I felt very happy because I could bring warmth to them. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）1. When did the volunteer group meet at the community gate? A. At 8:00 a.m. B. At 9:00 a.m. C. At 4:00 p.m. D. At noon （ ）2. What did the writer do first for Grandma Wang? A. Read poems to her B. Cleaned her window C. Fed her lunch D. Gave her a card （ ）3. Why did Grandma Wang say the writer was kind? A. Because the writer sang for her B. Because the writer helped her clean the room C. Because the writer fed her rice D. Because the writer made a card for her （ ）4. What did the writer do in the afternoon show? A. Sang old songs B. Danced C. Played the guitar and sang D. Hosted the show （ ）5. What did the writer realize from the volunteer work? A. The elderly need company B. Volunteering is tiring C. Grandma Wang is lonely D. The nursing home is clean 答案及解析： 1. 答案：A 解析：关键词“meet at the community gate”，定位第一段第二句“We met at the community gate at 8:00 a.m.”，直接匹配选项A。 2. 答案：B 解析：关键词“do first for Grandma Wang”，定位第二段第五句“I helped her clean the window of her room first”，明确“先擦窗户”，选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：定位第二段倒数两句“I fed Grandma Wang some rice... She smiled and said I was as kind as her granddaughter”，可知“喂饭”是奶奶称赞善良的原因，选C。 4. 答案：C 解析：关键词“afternoon show”，定位第三段第二句“I played the guitar and sang 'You Are My Sunshine'”，与选项C一致，选C。 5. 答案：A 解析：关键词“realize”，定位最后一段第一句“This volunteer work made me realize that the elderly need not only food and care but also company”，选项A是原文同义表达，选A。 （2）基础篇2：校园生活类 Passage 2 My school has a big and quiet library. It's my favorite place in the school. There are many rules in the library, and we all need to follow them. First, we must be quiet in the library. We can't talk loudly or run. If we need to ask the librarian a question, we should speak softly. Second, we can borrow up to 3 books at a time. Each book can be kept for 2 weeks. If we can't finish reading them, we need to renew them at the front desk. Third, we can't eat or drink in the library. Food and drinks may make the books dirty. Fourth, we should put the books back to the right place after reading. We can ask the librarian for help if we don't know where to put them. The library is open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. On weekends, it's only open in the morning, from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. I often go to the library to read storybooks after class. It's a great place to learn and relax. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）6. What's the writer's favorite place in the school? A. The classroom B. The library C. The playground D. The dining hall （ ）7. How many books can students borrow at a time? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 （ ）8. How long can students keep each borrowed book? A. For 1 week B. For 2 weeks C. For 3 weeks D. For 4 weeks （ ）9. When is the library open on weekends? A. From 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. B. From 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. C. From 8:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. D. It's closed on weekends （ ）10. What can't students do in the library? A. Read storybooks B. Ask the librarian questions C. Eat snacks D. Borrow books 答案及解析： 6. 答案：B 解析：关键词“favorite place”，定位第一段第二句“It's my favorite place in the school”，“It”指代前文的“library”，选B。 7. 答案：C 解析：关键词“borrow at a time”，定位第二段第二句“We can borrow up to 3 books at a time”，“up to 3”表示“最多3本”，选C。 8. 答案：B 解析：关键词“keep each borrowed book”，定位第二段第三句“Each book can be kept for 2 weeks”，直接匹配选项B。 9. 答案：B 解析：关键词“open on weekends”，定位第三段第二句“On weekends, it's only open in the morning, from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m.”，选B。 10. 答案：C 解析：关键词“can't do in the library”，定位第二段第五句“We can't eat or drink in the library”，“eat snacks”（吃零食）属于“eat”的范畴，选C。 （3）基础篇3：家庭故事类 Passage 3 Last Sunday evening, my family had a big dinner at home. My parents, my little sister and I all took part in it. My mother cooked many delicious dishes. She made my favorite fish, my father's favorite braised pork, and my sister's favorite tomato egg soup. Before dinner, my father helped set the table. He put plates, bowls and chopsticks on the table. My sister and I helped wash the vegetables. We talked and laughed while working. At 6:30 p.m., dinner started. We ate and talked happily. My father told us a funny story about his childhood. My sister sang a song for us. She sang very well, and we all clapped our hands. After dinner, my sister and I cleaned the table. My father washed the dishes. My mother sat on the sofa and watched TV. We all felt happy. It was a wonderful family dinner. I love my family. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）11. When did the family have the big dinner? A. Last Saturday evening B. Last Sunday evening C. This Sunday evening D. Yesterday evening （ ）12. What's the writer's favorite dish? A. Fish B. Braised pork C. Tomato egg soup D. Vegetables （ ）13. Who helped set the table before dinner? A. The writer B. The writer's mother C. The writer's father D. The writer's sister （ ）14. What time did the dinner start? A. At 6:00 p.m. B. At 6:30 p.m. C. At 7:00 p.m. D. At 7:30 p.m. （ ）15. What did the writer do after dinner? A. Washed the dishes B. Watched TV C. Cleaned the table D. Sang a song 答案及解析： 11. 答案：B 解析：关键词“have the big dinner”，定位第一段第一句“Last Sunday evening, my family had a big dinner at home”，选B。 12. 答案：A 解析：关键词“writer's favorite dish”，定位第一段第三句“She made my favorite fish”，选A。 13. 答案：C 解析：关键词“set the table before dinner”，定位第二段第一句“Before dinner, my father helped set the table”，选C。 14. 答案：B 解析：关键词“dinner start”，定位第二段第五句“At 6:30 p.m., dinner started”，选B。 15. 答案：C 解析：关键词“did after dinner”，定位第三段第一句“After dinner, my sister and I cleaned the table”，选C。 提高篇（3篇）—— 综合题型突破，提升能力 （1）提高篇1：科普说明类 Passage 4 Bamboo is a kind of plant that grows in many parts of the world, especially in Asia. It is not a tree but a grass, though it looks like a tree. Bamboo has many amazing characteristics that make it very useful to humans. One of the most surprising things about bamboo is its growth speed. Some bamboo species can grow up to 1 meter in a single day! This is much faster than most trees. The reason for this fast growth is that bamboo has a special root system. The roots spread widely and take in nutrients quickly, supporting the rapid growth of the stem. Bamboo is also very strong. It has a higher tensile strength than steel, which means it can hold heavy weight without breaking. For this reason, bamboo is used to build houses, bridges, and even furniture. In some countries, bamboo scaffolding is used in construction because it is light and easy to carry. Another advantage of bamboo is its environmental friendliness. It absorbs a lot of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and releases oxygen, helping to fight climate change. Unlike trees, when bamboo is cut down, it grows back quickly from its roots, so it does not need to be replanted. Additionally, bamboo products are biodegradable, meaning they can break down naturally in the environment and not cause pollution. From daily items like chopsticks and toothbrushes to large structures like bridges, bamboo plays an important role in our lives. It is truly a "green gold" for humans. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）16. What can we infer about bamboo from the first paragraph? A. It is a type of tree B. It only grows in Asia C. It has unique uses D. It is rare in the world （ ）17. Why does bamboo grow very fast? A. It gets enough sunlight B. It has a special root system C. It absorbs much water D. It is a kind of grass （ ）18. The underlined word "biodegradable" in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. A. 可回收的 B. 可降解的 C. 可循环的 D. 可利用的 （ ）19. What is the main reason bamboo is used in construction? A. It is cheap B. It is easy to get C. It is strong and light D. It grows quickly （ ）20. What is the writer's attitude towards bamboo? A. Doubtful B. Critical C. Praising D. Uninterested 答案及解析： 16. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。第一段说“竹子不是树而是草”“对人类非常有用”，排除A（树）、B（仅亚洲，原文是“许多地方”）、D（稀有，未提）；由“有用”可推断“有独特用途”，选C。 17. 答案：B 解析：细节题，关键词“grow very fast”，定位第二段第三句“The reason for this fast growth is that bamboo has a special root system”，直接选B。 18. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题，破折号后解释“can break down naturally in the environment”（能在环境中自然分解），推断“biodegradable”是“可降解的”，选B。 19. 答案：C 解析：细节题，定位第三段“Bamboo is also very strong... bamboo scaffolding is used in construction because it is light and easy to carry”，核心原因是“坚固且轻便”，选C。 20. 答案：C 解析：观点态度题，最后一段“truly a 'green gold'”（真正的绿色黄金）体现作者“赞扬”态度，选C。 （2）提高篇2：文化故事类 Passage 5 Every year during the Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese families gather together to eat moon cakes and admire the full moon. But do you know the story behind the moon cake? A long time ago, in the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongolians ruled China. The people were unhappy with the harsh rule and wanted to fight for freedom. However, it was difficult to communicate secretly because the Mongolian soldiers watched everyone closely. A wise man named Liu Bowen came up with a clever idea. He asked people to make special cakes with a piece of paper inside. The paper had a message: "Gather at night on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month to fight." He then asked peddlers to sell these cakes all over the country. The Mongolian soldiers thought they were just ordinary cakes and did not check them. On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, thousands of people gathered as planned and started the fight against the Mongolians. After winning the fight, people continued to eat moon cakes to remember this important event. Over time, moon cakes became a symbol of unity and family reunion. Today, moon cakes come in many flavors, such as lotus seed paste, red bean paste, and salted egg yolk. But no matter what flavor they are, the meaning of family togetherness remains the same. Next time you eat a moon cake, remember the brave people who fought for freedom and the love of family behind this traditional food. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案： （ ）21. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival B. To ask a question about moon cakes C. To tell people to eat moon cakes D. To describe the full moon （ ）22. Why did people use moon cakes to send messages? A. Because everyone liked eating them B. Because Mongolian soldiers didn't check them C. Because they were easy to carry D. Because they were cheap to make （ ）23. What does the moon cake symbolize today? A. Freedom and bravery B. Wisdom and cleverness C. Unity and family reunion D. Happiness and success （ ）24. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Liu Bowen was a Mongolian leader B. Moon cakes had messages inside in the Yuan Dynasty C. People fought on the 15th day of the 9th lunar month D. Moon cakes only have one flavor now （ ）25. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Mid-Autumn Festival B. A Wise Man—Liu Bowen C. The History of Moon Cakes D. How to Make Moon Cakes 答案及解析： 21. 答案：B 解析：段落主旨题，第一段先讲中秋吃月饼的习俗，最后用“But do you know the story behind the moon cake?”提问，目的是“提出关于月饼的问题，引出下文故事”，选B。 22. 答案：B 解析：细节题，定位第三段“The Mongolian soldiers thought they were just ordinary cakes and did not check them”，可知用月饼传信是因为“蒙古士兵不检查”，选B。 23. 答案：C 解析：细节题，关键词“symbolize today”，定位第四段“Over time, moon cakes became a symbol of unity and family reunion”，直接选C。 24. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题，A错（刘伯温是反抗蒙古统治的汉人）；C错（战斗时间是八月十五）；D错（月饼多种口味）；B对应第三段“make special cakes with a piece of paper inside”，正确，选B。 25. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题，全文围绕“月饼的起源故事、发展及象征意义”展开，A（中秋）、B（刘伯温）是局部内容，D（制作方法）未提，“月饼的历史”最概括，选C。 （3）提高篇3：环保主题类 Passage 6 Plastic waste has become a serious environmental problem. It pollutes oceans, harms wildlife, and takes hundreds of years to break down. But everyone can do something to reduce plastic waste in daily life. Here are some practical tips: 1. Bring your own reusable items: Instead of using single-use plastic bags, carry a cloth bag when shopping. Use a metal or glass water bottle instead of plastic ones. For coffee lovers, a reusable cup is a good choice—many cafes even offer discounts for customers who bring their own cups. 2. Avoid plastic packaging: Try to buy fruits and vegetables without plastic packaging. For example, choose loose carrots instead of those in plastic bags. You can also use beeswax wraps to store food at home, which are better than plastic wrap. 3. Say no to plastic straws and utensils: When eating out, ask for no plastic straw. If you need utensils, bring a set of metal chopsticks or a spoon. Some restaurants now provide bamboo utensils as a greener option. 4. Recycle properly: Learn about the recycling rules in your area. Not all plastics can be recycled. For example, plastic bags often cannot be recycled in regular bins—you need to take them to special recycling points. Clean plastic items before recycling to make the process easier. The table below shows the amount of plastic waste reduced by different actions in one month: Action Plastic Waste Reduced (per person) Using cloth bags 15 plastic bags Using reusable water bottles 20 plastic bottles Saying no to straws 30 plastic straws Small actions add up. If everyone follows these tips, we can make a big difference to the environment. 根据短文及表格内容，完成下列题目： 26. What is the main problem caused by plastic waste? (不超过15词) ________________________________________________________________ 27. How can coffee lovers reduce plastic waste? (不超过10词) ________________________________________________________________ 28. What can replace plastic wrap for storing food? (不超过5词) ________________________________________________________________ 29. How many plastic bottles can one person reduce by using a reusable bottle in a month? (直接写数字) ________________________________________________________________ 30. What is the writer's advice on recycling plastic? (不超过20词) ________________________________________________________________ 答案及解析： 26. 答案：It pollutes oceans and harms wildlife. 解析：细节题，定位第一段第二句“It pollutes oceans, harms wildlife, and takes hundreds of years to break down”，核心问题是“污染海洋、伤害野生动物”，控制在15词内。 27. 答案：Bring a reusable cup. 解析：细节题，关键词“coffee lovers”，定位第二段“For coffee lovers, a reusable cup is a good choice”，简洁概括为“带可重复使用的杯子”，符合10词要求。 28. 答案：Beeswax wraps. 解析：细节题，关键词“replace plastic wrap”，定位第三段“use beeswax wraps to store food at home, which are better than plastic wrap”，直接提取。 29. 答案：20 解析：信息整合题，定位表格“Using reusable water bottles”对应“20 plastic bottles”，直接写数字。 30. 答案：Learn recycling rules and clean items before recycling. 解析：细节题，关键词“advice on recycling”，定位第四段“Learn about the recycling rules... Clean plastic items before recycling”，整合核心信息，控制在20词内。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $